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• split virtualization design based on environment or server role?

  - by Dan

  I'm setting up the server environment for a new software development group, which will include 4 test environments. These are web applications, so each environment will have an application server and a database server. I'm planning on buying two physical servers (e.g. 6-core CPU each with 12GB or so of RAM), and I'm thinking virtualization is appropriate here. With that in mind, I've thought of a couple ways that I could organize the virtualization strategy: - Separated by server role: Server 1 has all the application servers, each in their own guest VM. Server 2 has all the databases. OR - Separated by environment: Server 1 has a VM for two of the environments, with the VM containing both the app server and the database server. Server 2 would also contain two test environments, with the same style (app server and database in same VM). The advantages I see with all the app servers on one server and all the databases on another server is that I could probably be more efficient with the database server (one instance running multiple databases). But the other option seems easier to manage (archives/restorations would be contained in a single VM). Any recommendations? TIA.

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• Building an SSL server farm

  - by dan

  I'm interested in building the the architecture in the article referenced below. I currently have a modestly-priced layer-4 load balancer and my application servers are the SSL endpoints. I want to put an SSL server farm in between my load balancer and my app servers. Then I will put another inexpensive load balancer between the SSL farm and my app servers, to do layer-7 routing. My web application has a fairly high amount of consumer traffic, that 6 servers can handle at about 50% capacity. Additionally, I have infrastructure traffic that is several orders of magnitude heavier than my consumer traffic. This is data coming in from all over the world that must integrate with my web application in real time. In total I have 18 app servers to handle all the traffic, plus 6 database servers. I will be adding 6 more app servers over the next 2 weeks and another 6 the 2 weeks after that. Conservatively, I estimate I will need to scale to 120 servers by the end of the year. My motivation right now is to separate the consumer traffic from the infrastructure traffic. The consumer traffic is higher priority than the infrastructure traffic and I cannot allow a stampede on the infrastructure side to take down my consumer-facing servers. Having a website that is always up is the top priority. However if there is a failure in one of the consumer app servers, I want to route that traffic to the servers designated for infrastructure traffic. The complication is that all the traffic is addressed using the same hostname and is nearly 100% https. The only way in my case to distinguish infrastructure from consumer traffic is by URL (poor architecture I inherited), so I need a layer 7 load balancer to be able to route. However for that to work I need either a fancy hardware-based SSL terminator or an SSL server farm as described above. Because my user base is rapidly scaling, I worry that if I go down the hardware path it will become very expensive very fast, especially since I will need 4 of everything for high availability (2 identical setups in 2 facilities). Meanwhile, the above diagram seems very flexible and more horizontally scalable. Has anyone built this before? Are there pre-built configurations? What considerations should I make and what software should I use (I've heard of people using apache with mod-ssl, nginx, and stunnel)? Also, when does it make sense to buy an expensive load balancer vs building an SSL server farm? http://1wt.eu/articles/2006_lb/index_05.html

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• DVD drive won't work after installing software

  - by Dan

  DVD drive was already region-free but for some reason would not play a certain DVD as it was the "wrong region". This is the first time I've played a DVD on the drive, but I've imported a lot of CDs before and they always worked fine, even CDs bought from the USA (I live in the UK). To get around this, I downloaded a piece of software called "DVD Region Killer". (Clicking the link won't start the download, so go ahead and check it.) After this, the drive isn't recognised. It won't show up in "My Computer", and when I insert a disc it will start to whir but not take action, i.e. iTunes won't recognise that I have put a CD in. In the Device Manager, the drive shows up with a caution-sign. The device status reads: Windows cannot start this hardware device because its configuration information (in the registry) is incomplete or damaged. (Code 19) Disabling, uninstalling and reinstalling does not help. Clearly the software download is the issue, but it is difficult to remove. The only files I can find in Program Files are: C:\Program Files (x86)\Elaborate Bytes\DVD Region Killer which contains a changelog and a HTML document which has no info on uninstalling. It doesn't show up on "Add or Remove Programs", or even as a background process when I press ctrl-alt-del. Apparently it has no interface as such, and can be accessed by an icon in the system tray, (see review in link) but I don't see the icon. If it helps to know, I have a Dell Inspiron running Windows 8 64-bit, and the model of the DVD drive is: MATSHITA DVD+-RW UJ8C2 Thanks in advance.

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• Samba4/Ubuntu Shares Incorrectly Available to All Users

  - by Dan

  I've got my Ubuntu server working with Samba4 and got it set up as the Primary domain controller on my network with AD and all that goodness. However, I'm trying to get my Samba configuration to work with the users and groups I've defined with the Active Directory tools from Windows. For instance, I've got a share X which I want users A and B (as part of the 'management' group, known as LLGrpManager in my setup) to see, but no body else. However, after making changes to the configuration, restarting Samba, I test by connecting to the share with my Mac over Samba as user 'C' which isn't part of the management group, and I can, incorrectly, see the X share. I've tried alsorts of combinations of specifying the group with no luck at all. I've got a feeling that my global config might be too lenient or something to do with file permissions but being a bit green, I'm without clue. My /etc/samba/smb.conf # Global parameters [global] server role = domain controller server string = Office Server workgroup = LLDOMAIN realm = lldomain.local netbios name = DUMBO passdb backend = samba4 logon path = \\%L\profiles\%U logon drive = L: log file = /var/log/samba/%m.log max log size = 50 security = ads domain logons = yes domain master = auto usershare allow guests = no valid users = %S [netlogon] path = /var/lib/samba/sysvol/lldomain.local/scripts read only = no guest ok = no [sysvol] path = /var/lib/samba/sysvol read only = No guest ok = no valid users = @LLDOMAIN\LLGrpManager [ShareX] path = /data comment = Entire Data Volume guest ok = no comment = Entire Data Volume guest ok = no valid users = @LLDOMAIN\LLGrpManager admin users = @LLDOMAIN\LLGrpManager browsable = no inherit acls = yes inherit permissions = yes ... My /etc/nsswitch.conf I've also instructed the system to use the nss winbind library when searching for users or groups by adding the stanza passwd and group in /etc/nsswitch.conf: passwd: compat winbind group: compat winbind shadow: compat Permissions on the folder in question drwxrwxrwt 8 root root 4.0K Oct 28 19:11 data

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• Issues with DHCP over multiple subnets

  - by Dan Monego

  I have a cisco router configured to handle multiple subnets (10.1.10.n, 10.2.10.n, etc), and an ubuntu system serving DHCP to the computers served by the router. After a restart of the DHCP, the systems on the 10.1 subnet are fine, but neither the server or the computers configured on the other subnets can see the router at 10.2.10.1 (or 10.3.10.1, or 10.4.10.1). The router can see itself at 10.2.10.1, however. The change that caused this was restarting the server, so I'm approaching it assuming the configuration error is on that end. Is that the likely issue or is there a different problem that would prevent the machines on the 10.2.10 subnet from resolving DHCP?

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• Swapping out a hardware firewall does the mac address get cached?

  - by Dan

  We need to replace a hardware firewall (cisco pix) and have a spare that we will use (temporarily). The firewall sits in front of a couple of web-servers colocated at a data-centre. The replacement will be configured with identical settings (external/internal IP addresses, configured ports etc.). When we swap the firewalls over, will this work immediately or will the old Pix's mac address be cached and the new firewall not be seen until the cache is cleared? (What is it though that is caching the address? Is it just the switch/router that our pix is connected to?) Reason for asking is a few years ago I had a smoothwall firewall in front of a lone server (the external IP of the smoothwall was also the external IP of the web-server). When I replaced the smoothwall with a pix, the IP address of the web-server stayed the same but it now had to be reached via the new firewall on a different IP. It took about 2-4 hours before the rest of the world could see that web-server again. I'm hoping for less downtime this time!

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• What's the issue with this Samba setup?

  - by Dan Nestor

  I asked this on superuser, but I realized that may be the wrong place. I am duplicating the question here, I hope this is allowed. I am trying to share a directory through samba. In smb.conf I have the following: [global] workgroup = WORKGROUP security = user passdb backend = tdbsam netbios name = <hostname> [share_name] path = </path/to/share> writable = yes valid users = <username> <username>, the user in question, is the owner of directory /path/to/share. Permissions on the directory are 755. If I try to connect from another computer, the connection attempt is unsuccessful (I assume it's an authentication error, because it re-prompts me for the password). The client requires a domain name for authentication, I tried both WORKGROUP and the hostname/netbios name of the samba server. Samba logs on the server have no mention of the failed connection attempt. Firewall on the server is down. What am I doing wrong? Update: have since run smbpasswd -a <username> and now I am getting a clear error message, "not enough permissions to view contents of share".

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• Can I enable discards on a LUKS-encrypted ssd drive in RHEL6 (and do I need to)?

  - by Dan Nestor

  I have a RHEL 6.4 workstation, running on a LUKS-encrypted LV residing on a SSD. I found RedHat documentation stating that dm_crypt does not currently support TRIM passthrough, however I also found other sources that state the opposite (albeit for other distributions) and even that discards are not needed for recent SSD drives which use some sort of automatic garbage collection. So: 1) Can I enable TRIM/discards with my setup? 2) Do I need to, for optimal disk performance? Thanks for your thoughts.

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• Blocking an IP in Webmin

  - by Dan J

  I've been checking my /var/log/secure log recently and have seen the same bot trying to brute force onto my Centos server running webmin. I created a chain + rule in Networking - Linux Firewall: Drop If source is 113.106.88.146 But I'm still seeing the attempted logins in the log: Jun 6 10:52:18 CentOS5 sshd[9711]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): check pass; user unknown Jun 6 10:52:18 CentOS5 sshd[9711]: pam_succeed_if(sshd:auth): error retrieving information about user larry Jun 6 10:52:19 CentOS5 sshd[9711]: Failed password for invalid user larry from 113.106.88.146 port 49328 ssh2 Here is the contents of /etc/sysconfig/iptables: # Generated by webmin *filter :banned-ips - [0:0] -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport ftp-data -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport ftp -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport domain -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 20000 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 10000 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport https -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport http -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport imaps -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport imap -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport pop3s -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport pop3 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport ftp-data -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport ftp -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport domain -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport smtp -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport ssh -j ACCEPT -A banned-ips -s 113.106.88.146 -j DROP COMMIT # Completed # Generated by webmin *mangle :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :INPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :PREROUTING ACCEPT [0:0] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [0:0] COMMIT # Completed # Generated by webmin *nat :OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0] :PREROUTING ACCEPT [0:0] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [0:0] COMMIT # Completed

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• Spring-mvc project can't select from a particular mysql table

  - by Dan Ray

  I'm building a Spring-mvc project (using JPA and Hibernate for DB access) that is running just great locally, on my dev box, with a local MySQL database. Now I'm trying to put a snapshot up on a staging server for my client to play with, and I'm having trouble. Tomcat (after some wrestling) deploys my war file without complaint, and I can get some response from the application over the browser. When I hit my main page, which is behind Spring Security authentication, it redirects me to the login page, which works perfectly. I have Security configured to query the database for user details, and that works fine. In fact, a change to a password in the database is reflected in the behavior of the login form, so I'm confident it IS reaching the database and querying the user table. Once authenticated, we go to the first "real" page of the app, and I get a "data access failure" error. The server's console log gets this line (redacted): ERROR org.hibernate.util.JDBCExceptionReporter - SELECT command denied to user 'myDbUser'@'localhost' for table 'asset' However, if I go to MySQL from the shell using exactly the same creds, I have no problem at all selecting from the asset table: [development@tomcat01stg]$ mysql -u myDbUser -pmyDbPwd dbName ... mysql> \s -------------- mysql Ver 14.12 Distrib 5.0.77, for redhat-linux-gnu (i686) using readline 5.1 Connection id: 199 Current database: dbName Current user: myDbUser@localhost ... UNIX socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock -------------- mysql> select count(*) from asset; +----------+ | count(*) | +----------+ | 19 | +----------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) I've broken down my MySQL access settings, cleaned out the user and re-run the grant commands, set up a version of the user from 'localhost' and another from '%', making sure to flush permissions.... Nothing is changing the behavior of this thing. What gives?

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• Firefox tabs in titlebar - can't drag maximised windows across monitors

  - by Dan

  In Windows 7, you can drag a maximised window from one monitor to the next by dragging the titlebar. However, Firefox 4 now places tabs in the title bar when it's maximised. This means that when I try and drag my Firefox window to the other monitor I end up dragging a tab instead of the whole Firefox window. It's quite annoying, as I'm used to "flicking" Windows from one monitor to the next. Does anyone know a way to stop Firefox from using the title bar for tabs?

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• Retuning voice in full song so that singer is on-tune

  - by Dan W

  I have some potentially great songs which are spoilt by singers who sing out of tune. Is there any easy to use (and hopefully cheap) software that 'corrects' the song so that they're not off-tune anymore? I don't mind too much if the backing is somewhat affected too, if the state-of-the-art isn't quite there yet. I've heard of auto-tune of course, but as far as I know, that's before the song is put together (i.e. the singer's voice as an individual track, before it's mixed with the backing).

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• Use Mac Pro as time machine, server and editing station?

  - by Dan

  Background: My fiancée needs a Mac Pro for movie editing and rendering. I need a web server and a backup solution for my MacBook Pro. Idea We thought we could split the costs of the Mac Pro and set it up to act as both a web server and a backup device. Question Is this a good idea? Specifically: Is it easy to set it up to incrementally backup one or several laptops over wifi? And what software would you recommend? Is it silent and stable enough to run a web server continuously? Will it manage all this, including simultaneous editing? Thanks.

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• Reseting Macbook Pro keyboard and trackpad's power usage on Windows?

  - by Dan the Man

  I recently installed a utitlity for Windows (ASUS Ai Charger) which modifies the USB ports on the computer to output more power (for charging iPads, etc). The problem is, I believe it is also giving more power to my keyboard and trackpad. And now, neither devices are working at all, yet they work on Mac OS X. So does anyone know the amount of power MacBook Pro (2007) keyboards and trackpads use, and how I can set these settings in Windows 7?

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• Is it possible to add an existing Azure VM to an Azure Virtual Network?

  - by Dan Harris

  Didn't think this was directly related to programming, so thought Superuser would be better than Stack Overflow.... Is it possible to add an existing Azure VM to an Azure Virtual Network if you didn't add it to the virtual network at the time of creation? I can't see an option to change which Virtual Network the VM is connected to. Do you just have to do it at the time you create the VM, and if you don't do it then you will need to re-create the VM and delete the existing one? Example of the scenario: No VM's or Virtual Networks exist I create a VM (VM1), there is no virtual network so it isn't added to one Later I create a Virtual Network in Azure (Network1) It is possible to create another VM (VM2) and connect it to the Virtual Network (Network1), but can I connect VM1 to Network1 or must I delete VM1 and re-create it to get it connected to Network1?

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• Impact of the L3 cache on performance - worth a dual-processor system?

  - by Dan Nissenbaum

  I will be purchasing a new high-end system, and I would like to have a better sense of whether a dual-processor Xeon system (I am looking at the new, high-end Xeon E5-2687W) might, realistically, provide a noticeable performance improvement due to the doubling of the L3 cache (20 MB per CPU). (This is in addition to the occasional added advantage due to the doubling of cores and RAM.) My usage scenario is, roughly, that I have many background applications running at any time - 3 or 4 data compression/backup applications, a low-impact web server, one or two virtual machines at any given time (usually fairly idle), and perhaps 20 utility programs that utilize a noticeable (but small) portion of the CPU cores. In total, when I am not actively using the computer, about 25% of the total CPU power is utilized in my current i7-970 6-core (12 thread) system. When I am doing routine work, the CPU utilization often exceeds 50%, and occasionally hits 75%-80%. The Xeon E5-2687W is not only a second-generation i7 (so should improve performance for that reason), but also has 8 cores (16 threads), rather than 6 cores. For this reason, I expect to run into the 75% CPU range even less frequently. Nonetheless, the ability to double the cores and the RAM is a consideration. However, in the end, I believe this decision comes down to whether the doubling of the L3 cache will provide a noticeable improvement. There are many benchmarks, and a lot of discussion, regarding CPU power. However, I find very little discussion of L3 cache utilization, and how increases in the L3 cache (such as doubling it with dual processors) affect performance. For example: If there are only two processes running, but each benefits from a large L3 cache (such as might be the case for background processes that frequently scan the file system), perhaps the overall system performance might noticeably improve with dual CPU's - even if only a single core is active on each CPU - due to each process having double the effective L3 cache. I am hoping that someone has a sense of the benefits of increasing (or doubling) the L3 cache size. Note: the CPU I am considering (the Xeon E5-2687W) has 20 MB L3 cache, so a system with dual CPU's would have 40 MB L3 cache.

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• Can't login to SQL Server after moving machine to different office/domain

  - by Dan

  Our company has just been bought and the over the weekend I have brought up the last few machines to plug into their network (they are under a different Windows Domain). The last machine is our Vault system and the SQL Server was using Windows Authentication. I have plugged it into their network and its working fine, but i cannot connect to SQL Server with Management Studio and, I fear, no backup jobs will also be working. When I try to login under Windows Auth, it has the user name of "NEWDOMAIN\Administrator" (greyed out) and then presents a "login failed" message with error code "18456". Can anyone help me with this, or will I just have to reinstall SQL Server, Vault and restore the backup I took before the move?

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• Websocket & HTTP proxy with server between two firewalls

  - by Dan

  I have a server ("A") running behind a firewall, which serves HTTP and websockets. I have no control over the firewall, but do have an external server ("B") to which the internal server can connect (note that the reverse connection from B to A is not possible due to the firewall). How can I set up some sort of proxy on B such that an Internet client ("C") can access the resources on A? I'd prefer something lightweight—even a Python program or an SSH tunnel (which I've tried without success)—rather than something more heavyweight but robust.

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• Dropbox sync across LAN - Win7 and Ubuntu

  - by Dan

  I've got Dropbox installed on both my Windows7 machine and my Ubuntu machine. I've got "Enable LAN sync" ticked on both. However it doesn't seem to be syncing via the LAN. Is it possible to sync across a LAN across different OSs with Dropbox?

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• Server 2008 won't run executables from CMD prompt without .exe extension

  - by Dan

  On one of our production server 2008 boxes, I cannot run executables from a CMD prompt without supplying the full filename, including the '.exe' extension. For example, when running "java" produced the usual "is not recognized as an internal or external command" message, I assumed I had borked the path and/or java_home variables. However, even navigating to the %java_home%\bin directory and typing "java" produced the same error. If I type "java.exe" instead, all works perfectly. The problem does not only affect java.exe. Even Microsoft executables suffer the same problem -- ping fails, ping.exe works; ipconfig fails, ipconfig.exe works; manually created batch file 'test' only works when invoked explicitly as 'test.bat'. Any bright ideas?

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• Ubuntu (9.1) behind a ISA proxy

  - by Dan

  I have set up a Ubuntu PC on a next work that is behind a ISA Proxy. When I run the command sudo apt-get update I get several messages with this message: 502 Proxy Error (The ISA Sever denied the specified Uniform Resource Locator) The computer can see the internet and adding the proxy settings in the Network Preferences does not help. When I do a ifconfig Im on a 192 address which is not the usual subnet our PCs are on. Any ideas?

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• Lightning fast forum based around metadata / tags? [closed]

  - by Dan W

  I wonder if anything like this exists. I'd like to add a forum to my site, but instead of the usual forum/subforum/sub-subforum structure, I'd like to use a metadata/tag approach where everything exists as a single directory, and where there's a search field at the top which instantly (<0.5 sec) filters the threads to a particular keyword or keywords. Also, as the admin, I would be able to add highly visible buttons at the top, which can be clicked on for the main categories I choose for the forum (nevertheless, users can also add tags to their own threads outside of these default main tags I supply if they wish). This approach, if done properly, is more powerful, efficient, maintenance free, scalable and friendly than a standard forum, so I was hoping someone had the same idea and made something out of it. It couldn't be that hard. I'd want the speed to be up to (or near) the standard of this: http://forum.dlang.org/ Other forums (e.g.: phpBB, shudder) are orders of magnitude worse than that in terms of latency (posting or browsing), and I think that is wrong, even in principle ;)

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• "Safely Remove Hardware" icon keeps reverting to "Only show notifications"

  - by Dan Parsonson

  I have the 'Safely Remove Hardware' tray icon set to 'Show icon and notifications' to save a mouse click when removing a USB device but every few weeks the setting reverts to 'Only show notifications'. Does anyone know what causes this and/or how I can prevent it? I'm using Windows 7 SP1 64bit with a fairly bare installation (the machine hosts a set of virtual machines that I use to do my work). Thanks!

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• Windows 7 Aero Theme when on Battery

  - by Dan Revell

  Windows 7 has the full and basic aero themes that can be changed inside personalization. Windows used to automatically disable Windows Aero (transparency) when I unplug my laptop from the mains. I reset the theme and now it doesn't do this anymore. I can't seem to find how to enable this again. I've checked the advanced power options and control panel but turning back on this feature is eluding me. Any suggestions would be much appreciated.

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• What are the benefits of running a app server in user space, like Unicorn, as opposed to as sudo?

  - by dan

  I've been using Phusion Passenger + Rails/Sinatra for a lot of projects. Passenger runs under the main Nginx or Apache process. But I'm interested in Unicorn, partly because it runs in user space. You just set up Nginx to proxy_pass requests to a unix socket that is connected to Unicorn processes that you fire up under a normal user account. Is there anything to be said as far as advantages and disadvantages of these two alternative approaches to running an web app? I mean in terms of ease of administration, stability, simplicity, etc.

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