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  • What is the exact difference between MEM_RESERVE and MEM_COMMIT states?

    - by pj4533
    As I understand it MEM_RESERVE is actually 'free' memory, ie available to be used by my process, but just hasn't been allocated yet? Or it was previously allocated, but had since been freed? Specifically, see in my !address output below how I am nearly out of virtual address space (99900 KB free, 2307872 as MEM_PRIVATE. But the states shows that 44.75% of that is actually MEM_RESERVE. Does that mean it is actually free, in my process...but maybe fragmented? 0:000> !address -summary --------- PEB a8bd8000 not found ---- -------------------- Usage SUMMARY -------------------------- TotSize ( KB) Pct(Tots) Pct(Busy) Usage 259af000 ( 616124) : 22.29% 23.12% : RegionUsageIsVAD 618f000 ( 99900) : 03.61% 00.00% : RegionUsageFree 13e22000 ( 325768) : 11.78% 12.22% : RegionUsageImage 42c04000 ( 1093648) : 39.56% 41.04% : RegionUsageStack 42d000 ( 4276) : 00.15% 00.16% : RegionUsageTeb 2625d000 ( 625012) : 22.61% 23.45% : RegionUsageHeap 0 ( 0) : 00.00% 00.00% : RegionUsagePageHeap 0 ( 0) : 00.00% 00.00% : RegionUsagePeb 1000 ( 4) : 00.00% 00.00% : RegionUsageProcessParametrs 1000 ( 4) : 00.00% 00.00% : RegionUsageEnvironmentBlock Tot: a8bf0000 (2764736 KB) Busy: a2a61000 (2664836 KB) -------------------- Type SUMMARY -------------------------- TotSize ( KB) Pct(Tots) Usage 618f000 ( 99900) : 03.61% : <free> 13e22000 ( 325768) : 11.78% : MEM_IMAGE 1e77000 ( 31196) : 01.13% : MEM_MAPPED 8cdc8000 ( 2307872) : 83.48% : MEM_PRIVATE -------------------- State SUMMARY -------------------------- TotSize ( KB) Pct(Tots) Usage 57235000 ( 1427668) : 51.64% : MEM_COMMIT 618f000 ( 99900) : 03.61% : MEM_FREE 4b82c000 ( 1237168) : 44.75% : MEM_RESERVE Largest free region: Base 7e4a1000 - Size 000ff000 (1020 KB)

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  • What's the proper response to WM_ENDSESSION with ENDSESSION_CLOSEAPP and wParam == FALSE?

    - by Marcus Lindblom
    According to the WM_ENDESSION docs, when lParam is ENDSESSION_CLOSEAPP and wParam is FALSE, "the application should not shut down". So, should I just ignore that and use the default response? What is it's purpose? (I'm listening to Windows events/messages in Qt (C++) to shutdown some launched processes, but that's just the context and shouldn't have any bearing here...)

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  • File Open/Save Dialog

    - by Md. Rashim Uddin
    I am using my own Custom View to show the files and folders and also using a search box to jump to a specific folder. In that case How to send a message to File Open/Save dialog to enforce it to change the current displayed folder. e.g. If the dialog shows files and folders of current displaying folder "C:\", I want an API (or any piece of code) to enforce to change the current folder to "D:\"

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  • Difference between WinMain and wWinMain

    - by Sherwood Hu
    The only difference is that Winmain takes char* for lpCmdLine parameter, while wWinMain takes wchar_t*. On Windows XP, if an application entry is WinMain, does Windows convert the command line from Unicode to Ansi and pass to the application? If the command line parameter must be in Unicode (for example, Unicode file name, conversion will cause some characters missing), does that mean that I must use wWinMain as the entry function?

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  • Enumerating File Handles in C#

    - by user293392
    I would like to know whether it is possible to enumerate file handles in c#, maybe using Win32API. This is easily done for window and process handles, but it seems that it is not possible for file handles. While some functionality is offered by NtQuerySystemInformation, this is being phased out and therefore it is not recommended to use such a method.

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  • A device specific alpha bitmap fails after switching resolutions in remote desktop

    - by Bob
    All my alpha bitmaps, created using CreateCompatibleBitmap(..), start to receive an error code 87 after someone signs in with Remote Desktop. I am assuming that this is because the resolution changed and I am using a device specific bitmap. I am wondering what the best route is to fix this issue without migrating to a device independent bitmap? Some options are: 1) Detect remote desktop change and flag all bitmaps to be reloaded (I have done this but it does not work as well as I would like). 2) Wait for error code 87 to happen on an alphablend image that previously worked, and then reload it (was going to try this next, im sure it will work, but a little hacky) 3) Detect random event such as WM_DISPLAYCHANGE or _ that tells me when I should do this (ie: a device change event I'm guessing, or maybe something more specific?) 4) _? Thanks for any help in advance

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  • Wrong EXE file shown in start menu on Windows 7

    - by Zach
    Hello all, My software has two .EXE files : A.exe and B.exe. After installed on Window 7, the shortcut to A.exe is always shown in the start menu. (I don't know if 'Start menu' is the correct name or not, what I mean is the area above 'All Programs'). The menu in my computer looks like: Getting Started Windows Media Center Calculator Sticky Notes Snipping Tool Paint A <-- My program, and I want 'B' to be shown here All programs How can I make B.exe shown instead of A.exe? Best regards, Zach

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  • Windows TCP connection - Still alive after process terminate

    - by Kartlee
    Hi People, I run a license server in linux and a process in Windows to check out tokens from it. It does a tcp socket connection to server to communicate and once the process in Windows is closed, the tokens are checked in back to server. But I see sometime the connection show as established in netstat output even when process in Windows is terminated. This happens when the process in Windows is running for a long time and terminate. It takes 2-3 hours for the connection to go away in neststat output. TCP BABDT350:4505 180.190.40.34:51847 ESTABLISHED 2832 [app.EXE] Can you guys tell me is this is a network stack configuration issue in Windows? Is it possible for the connection to go away once process terminate? Please let me know your answers to this.

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  • Restart a windows 7 machine programmatically.

    - by Andrew Bucknell
    I have a requirement to trigger a reboot on a windows7 machine programmatically. This is to support a scenario for customers where when they log out of an intenet kiosk machine the machine reboots. On XP this was achieved using WTSSystemShutdown but Im wondering if theres another way. Any pointers greatly appreciated.

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  • How do I subvert computer idle detection on Windows?

    - by sharptooth
    In order to detect user absence GetLastInputInfo() can be used. I want to make GetLastInputInfo() return that I've just used keyboard/mouse all the time - as I've been actively using the computer so that whoever relies on GetLastInputInfo() thinks I'm actively using the computer. Can I use any Windows API functions to achieve that?

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  • Detecting a Key Press Squashed by Another Application

    - by Eric Smith
    I have a WPF application I'm planning to use as an overlay for a DirectX game (specifically Bad Company 2). I'm using WM_KEYBOARD_LL hook to detect KeyDown events so I can bring my app to the foreground when a specific button is pressed. This works perfectly except for when the game is running (I've also noticed this problem with Window's "Chess Titans" so it may be a DirectX thing). As far as I can work out, when the game detects a keyboard press, it "eats" the event and doesn't pass the CallNextHookEx() method like it should, which would allow the key press message to be moved along to the next application in the queue. I'm wondering if there's any sort of work-around to this? It seems kind of unfair that a single application can just willy-nilly eat up messages like that. Thanks! :) Relevant MSDN documentation: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms644985%28VS.85%29.aspx

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  • Creating a service (SERVICE_ACCEPT_SESSIONCHANGE)

    - by Ron
    Hi there, I am trying to create a service following the example documented in the link below: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb540475(v=VS.85).aspx What I am interested in is to be able to catch user "lock" and "unlock" workstation events. Using the code on from the example provided, I modified the following: Line 15: Original: VOID WINAPI SvcCtrlHandler( DWORD ); Modified: DWORD WINAPI SvcCtrlHandler( DWORD, DWORD, LPVOID, LPVOID ); Line 141: Original: gSvcStatusHandle = RegisterServiceCtrlHandler( SVCNAME, SvcCtrlHandler); Modified: gSvcStatusHandle = RegisterServiceCtrlHandlerEx( SVCNAME, SvcCtrlHandler, NULL); Line 244: Original: SvcStatus.dwControlsAccepted = SERVICE_ACCEPT_STOP; Modified: gSvcStatus.dwControlsAccepted = SERVICE_ACCEPT_STOP|SERVICE_ACCEPT_SESSIONCHANGE; Line 266: Original: VOID WINAPI SvcCtrlHandler( DWORD dwCtrl ) { // Handle the requested control code. switch(dwCtrl) { case SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP: ReportSvcStatus(SERVICE_STOP_PENDING, NO_ERROR, 0); // Signal the service to stop. SetEvent(ghSvcStopEvent); ReportSvcStatus(gSvcStatus.dwCurrentState, NO_ERROR, 0); return; case SERVICE_CONTROL_INTERROGATE: break; default: break; } }` Modified: DWORD WINAPI SvcCtrlHandler( DWORD dwControl, DWORD dwEventType, LPVOID lpEventData, LPVOID lpContext ) { DWORD dwErrorCode = NO_ERROR; switch(dwControl) { case SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP: ReportSvcStatus(SERVICE_STOP_PENDING, NO_ERROR, 0); // Signal the service to stop. SetEvent(ghSvcStopEvent); ReportSvcStatus(gSvcStatus.dwCurrentState, NO_ERROR, 0); break; case SERVICE_CONTROL_INTERROGATE: break; case SERVICE_CONTROL_SESSIONCHANGE: ReportSvcStatus(gSvcStatus.dwCurrentState, NO_ERROR, 0); break; default: break; } return dwErrorCode; } With the changes above, my service compiled and install fine. But when I try to start my service on my Windows 2000 machine, it does not start properly (it will be stuck on the "starting" status) Can anyone please advise? Thank you in advance, Ron

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  • how to get vendor id and product id of a plugged usb device on windows

    - by new
    Hello all, I am using Qt on windows platform. i want to get and display vendor id and product id of a plugged usb device from my local system. Below is my full source code to get the vendor id and product id from the usb device. when i run the my qt application it does not throw me any errors . so i plug the usb device into the system. but my print statement displays the result as below qDebug ()<DevicePath; i get the result as 0x4 Whether i have any implementation mistakes in my source code ? if so please guide me what i am doing wrong.. Have i missed out any other functions ? Is it possible to get the vendor id and product id from the usb device based on my source code .( my implementation of the code ) ? kindly find my source code below static GUID GUID_DEVINTERFACE_USB_DEVICE = { 0xA5DCBF10L, 0x6530, 0x11D2, { 0x90, 0x1F, 0x00, 0xC0, 0x4F, 0xB9, 0x51, 0xED } }; HANDLE hInfo = SetupDiGetClassDevs(&GUID_DEVINTERFACE_USB_DEVICE,NULL,NULL,DIGCF_PRESENT | DIGCF_INTERFACEDEVICE); if ( hInfo == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE ) { qDebug ()<<"invalid"; } else { qDebug ()<<"valid handle"; SP_DEVINFO_DATA DeviceInfoData; DeviceInfoData.cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVINFO_DATA); SP_INTERFACE_DEVICE_DATA Interface_Info; Interface_Info.cbSize = sizeof(Interface_Info); BYTE Buf[1024]; DWORD i; DWORD InterfaceNumber= 0; PSP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA pspdidd = (PSP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA)Buf; for (i=0;SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(hInfo,i,&DeviceInfoData);i++) { DWORD DataT; LPTSTR buffer = NULL; DWORD buffersize = 0; while (!SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty( hInfo,&DeviceInfoData,SPDRP_DEVICEDESC,&DataT,(PBYTE)buffer,buffersize,&buffersize)) { if (GetLastError() == ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER) { // Change the buffer size. if (buffer) LocalFree(buffer); buffer = (LPTSTR)LocalAlloc(LPTR,buffersize); } else { // Insert error handling here. break; } qDebug ()<<(TEXT("Device Number %i is: %s\n"),i, buffer); if (buffer) LocalFree(buffer); if ( GetLastError()!=NO_ERROR && GetLastError()!=ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS ) { // Insert error handling here. qDebug ()<<"return false"; } InterfaceNumber = 0; // this just returns the first one, you can iterate on this if (SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(hInfo,NULL,&GUID_DEVINTERFACE_USB_DEVICE,InterfaceNumber,&Interface_Info)) { printf("Got interface"); DWORD needed; pspdidd->cbSize = sizeof(*pspdidd); SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA *pDetData = NULL; DWORD dwDetDataSize = sizeof (SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA) + 256; SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(hInfo, &Interface_Info, pDetData,dwDetDataSize, NULL,&DeviceInfoData); qDebug ()<<pDetData->DevicePath; //qDebug ()<<QString::fromWCharArray(pDetData->DevicePath); } else { printf("\nNo interface"); //ErrorExit((LPTSTR) "SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces"); if ( GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS) printf(", since there are no more items found."); else printf(", unknown reason."); } // Cleanup SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(hInfo); qDebug ()<<"return true"; } } }

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  • Get Hardware Information for HWs that is not installed

    - by Isaac
    I am pretty sure how to retrieve hardware information with WMI classes. but WMIs have a big limitation: They Just can get information for installed hardwares. I need to retrieve information about CPU (model,speed,etc..),Video Card, Sound Card, USB Ports, etc. I found a really good software (HWiNFO) that can do this even the drivers for hardware parts is not installed. It seems that HWiNFO uses a internal database to give a name for each hardware part. So is there any free library/DLL/component that can do this in Windows XP or higher Note: Although HWiNFO SDK seems good, it's not free. So it doesn't exist! ;) I need a free library.

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  • Using ManagementObject to retrieve a single WMI property

    - by Jesse
    This probably isn't the best way, but I am currently retrieving the amount of RAM on a machine using: manageObjSearch.Query = new ObjectQuery("SELECT TotalVisibleMemorySize FROM Win32_OperatingSystem"); manageObjCol = manageObjSearch.Get(); foreach (ManagementObject mo in manageObjCol) sizeInKilobytes = Convert.ToInt64(mo["TotalVisibleMemorySize"]); It works well and good, but I feel I could be doing this more directly and without a foreach over a single element, but I can't figure out how to index a ManagementObjectCollection I want to do something like this: ManagementObject mo = new ManagementObject("Win32_OperatingSystem.TotalVisibleMemorySize") mo.Get(); Console.WriteLine(mo["TotalVisibleMemorySize"].ToString()) or maybe even something like ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_OperatingSystem"); Console.WriteLine(mc.GetPropertyValue("TotalVisibleMemorySize").ToString()); I just can't seem to figure it out. Any ideas?

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  • WINE error when running windows application

    - by Colen
    Hello, A user reports that one of our applications doesn't work under WINE. It runs until he proceeds past a certain form, and then freezes. WINE gives the following output: ~/.wine/drive_c/HeroLab$ wine HeroLab.exe fixme:wininet:InternetSetOptionW Option INTERNET_OPTION_CONNECT_TIMEOUT (30000): STUB fixme:wininet:InternetSetOptionW INTERNET_OPTION_SEND/RECEIVE_TIMEOUT 30000 fixme:wininet:InternetSetOptionW Option INTERNET_OPTION_CONNECT_TIMEOUT (30000): STUB fixme:wininet:InternetSetOptionW INTERNET_OPTION_SEND/RECEIVE_TIMEOUT 30000 fixme:wininet:InternetSetOptionW Option INTERNET_OPTION_CONNECT_TIMEOUT (30000): STUB fixme:wininet:HTTPREQ_QueryOption Semi-STUB INTERNET_OPTION_SECURITY_FLAGS: 0 fixme:wininet:InternetSetOptionW Option INTERNET_OPTION_SECURITY_FLAGS; STUB fixme:wininet:InternetSetOptionW Option INTERNET_OPTION_CONNECT_TIMEOUT (30000): STUB fixme:wininet:InternetSetOptionW INTERNET_OPTION_SEND/RECEIVE_TIMEOUT 30000 fixme:wininet:InternetSetOptionW Option INTERNET_OPTION_CONNECT_TIMEOUT (30000): STUB fixme:wininet:InternetSetOptionW INTERNET_OPTION_SEND/RECEIVE_TIMEOUT 30000 fixme:wininet:InternetSetOptionW Option INTERNET_OPTION_CONNECT_TIMEOUT (30000): STUB fixme:wininet:InternetSetOptionW Option INTERNET_OPTION_CONNECT_TIMEOUT (30000): STUB fixme:wininet:InternetSetOptionW INTERNET_OPTION_SEND/RECEIVE_TIMEOUT 30000 fixme:wininet:InternetSetOptionW Option INTERNET_OPTION_CONNECT_TIMEOUT (30000): STUB fixme:wininet:InternetSetOptionW INTERNET_OPTION_SEND/RECEIVE_TIMEOUT 30000 fixme:wininet:InternetSetOptionW Option INTERNET_OPTION_CONNECT_TIMEOUT (30000): STUB fixme:bitmap:CreateBitmapIndirect planes = 0 fixme:bitmap:CreateBitmapIndirect planes = 0 fixme:bitmap:CreateBitmapIndirect planes = 0 fixme:bitmap:CreateBitmapIndirect planes = 0 fixme:bitmap:CreateBitmapIndirect planes = 0 fixme:bitmap:CreateBitmapIndirect planes = 0 fixme:bitmap:CreateBitmapIndirect planes = 0 fixme:bitmap:CreateBitmapIndirect planes = 0 fixme:bitmap:CreateBitmapIndirect planes = 0 fixme:bitmap:CreateBitmapIndirect planes = 0 fixme:bitmap:CreateBitmapIndirect planes = 0 Can anyone explain these messages to me? I assume they are messages from WINE reporting that we are calling functions in ways that WINE doesn't support, but our code doesn't call CreateBitmapIndirect at all. How can we locate the source of this problem, and fix our app so it runs under WINE? Thanks.

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  • Exception_Record in python2.5 problem

    - by amir
    I'm using Python2.5 & the following code produce 2 errors. Can any body help me? class EXCEPTION_RECORD(Structure): _fields_ = [ ("ExceptionCode", DWORD), ("ExceptionFlags", DWORD), ("ExceptionRecord", POINTER(EXCEPTION_RECORD)), ("ExceptionAddress", LPVOID), ("NumberParameters", DWORD), ("ExceptionInformation", ULONG_PTR * EXCEPTION_MAXIMUM_PARAMETERS)] Python Error: Traceback (most recent call last): File "E:\Python25\my_debugger_defines.py", line 70, in <module> class EXCEPTION_RECORD(Structure): File "E:\Python25\my_debugger_defines.py", line 74, in EXCEPTION_RECORD ("ExceptionRecord", POINTER(EXCEPTION_RECORD)), NameError: name 'EXCEPTION_RECORD' is not defined Microsoft Document: The EXCEPTION_RECORD structure describes an exception. typedef struct _EXCEPTION_RECORD { // exr DWORD ExceptionCode; DWORD ExceptionFlags; struct _EXCEPTION_RECORD *ExceptionRecord; PVOID ExceptionAddress; DWORD NumberParameters; DWORD ExceptionInformation[EXCEPTION_MAXIMUM_PARAMETERS]; } EXCEPTION_RECORD; Thanks in advance

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  • Why does my call to Activator.CreateInstance intermittently fail?

    - by Daniel Stutzbach
    I'm using the following code to access the Windows Explorer Shell's band site service: Guid GUID_TrayBandSiteService = new Guid(0xF60AD0A0, 0xE5E1, 0x45cb, 0xB5, 0x1A, 0xE1, 0x5B, 0x9F, 0x8B, 0x29, 0x34); Type shellTrayBandSiteService = Type.GetTypeFromCLSID(GUID_TrayBandSiteService, true); site = Activator.CreateInstance(shellTrayBandSiteService) as IBandSite; Mostly, it works great. A very small percentage of the time (less than 1%), the call to Activator.CreateInstance throws the following exception: System.Runtime.InteropServices.COMException (0x80040154): Retrieving the COM class factory for component with CLSID {F60AD0A0-E5E1-45CB-B51A-E15B9F8B2934} failed due to the following error: 80040154. at System.RuntimeTypeHandle.CreateInstance(RuntimeType type, Boolean publicOnly, Boolean noCheck, Boolean& canBeCached, RuntimeMethodHandle& ctor, Boolean& bNeedSecurityCheck) at System.RuntimeType.CreateInstanceSlow(Boolean publicOnly, Boolean fillCache) at System.RuntimeType.CreateInstanceImpl(Boolean publicOnly, Boolean skipVisibilityChecks, Boolean fillCache) at System.Activator.CreateInstance(Type type, Boolean nonPublic) I've looked up the error code, and it appears to indicate that the service isn't registered. That's nonsense in my case, since I'm trying to access a service provided by the operating system (explorer.exe, to be specific). I'm stumped. What might cause Activator.CreateInstance fail, but only rarely?

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  • Intercept and ignore keyboard event in Windows 7 32bit

    - by Sg2010
    Hi all, My hardware has a problem, from time to time it's sending a "keydown" followed by a "keyup" of event: keydown: None LButton, OemClear 255 keyup: None LButton, OemClear 255 keydown: None LButton, OemClear 255 keyup: None LButton, OemClear 255 It goes like this forever, in Windows. In general it doesn't affect most of the applications, because this key is not printable. I think it's a special function key, like a media key or something. It doesn't do anything. But, in some applications that LISTEN to keydown and keyup, I get undesire and unexpected behaviour. Is there a way to intercept these 2 events in Windows (for all applications, for Windows itself) and make the OS ignore them? This is really important to me, if you can think of any solution, I'd be forever thankful.

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  • Sharing an object between threads

    - by Dave18
    How would you set the object data that is shared between threads and needs to be updated once after the complete cycle of (say) two threads in busy loop? CRITICAL_SECTION critical_section_; int value; //needs to be updated once after the cycle of any number of threads running in busy loop void ThreadsFunction(int i) { while (true) { EnterCriticalSection(&critical_section_); /* Lines of Code */ LeaveCriticalSection(&critical_section_); } }

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  • How to Disable the Move System Menu Item?

    - by Andreas Rejbrand
    In Microsoft Windows, this works: mnu := GetSystemMenu(h, false); EnableMenuItem(mnu, SC_CLOSE, MF_BYCOMMAND or MF_GRAYED); But this does not work: mnu := GetSystemMenu(h, false); EnableMenuItem(mnu, SC_MOVE, MF_BYCOMMAND or MF_GRAYED); Hence I know how to disable the "Close" system menu item of a window, but not the "Move" item. How do I do that? Update Of course one alternative to using the very nice function EnableMenuItem, is to use SetMenuItemInfo: FillChar(info, sizeOf(info), 0); with info do begin cbSize := sizeOf(info); fMask := MIIM_STATE; fState := MFS_GRAYED; end; SetMenuItemInfo(mnu, SC_MOVE, false, info); But this again works perfectly for SC_CLOSE, but not at all for SC_MOVE!

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  • Encryption puzzle / How to create a ProxyStub for a Remote Assistance ticket

    - by Jon Clegg
    I am trying to create a ticket for Remote Assistance. Part of that requires creating a PassStub parameter. As of the documenation: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc240115(PROT.10).aspx PassStub: The encrypted novice computer's password string. When the Remote Assistance Connection String is sent as a file over e-mail, to provide additional security, a password is used.<16 In part 16 they detail how to create as PassStub. In Windows XP and Windows Server 2003, when a password is used, it is encrypted using PROV_RSA_FULL predefined Cryptographic provider with MD5 hashing and CALG_RC4, the RC4 stream encryption algorithm. As PassStub looks like this in the file: PassStub="LK#6Lh*gCmNDpj" If you want to generate one yourself run msra.exe in Vista or run the Remote Assistance tool in WinXP. The documentation says this stub is the result of the function CryptEncrypt with the key derived from the password and encrypted with the session id (Those are also in the ticket file). The problem is that CryptEncrypt produces a binary output way larger then the 15 byte PassStub. Also the PassStub isn't encoding in any way I've seen before. Some interesting things about the PassStub encoding. After doing statistical analysis the 3rd char is always a one of: !#$&()+-=@^. Only symbols seen everywhere are: *_ . Otherwise the valid characters are 0-9 a-z A-Z. There are a total of 75 valid characters and they are always 15 bytes. Running msra.exe with the same password always generates a different PassStub, indicating that it is not a direct hash but includes the rasessionid as they say. Some other ideas I've had is that it is not the direct result of CryptEncrypt, but a result of the rasessionid in the MD5 hash. In MS-RA (http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc240013(PROT.10).aspx). The "PassStub Novice" is simply hex encoded, and looks to be the right length. The problem is I have no idea how to go from any hash to way the ProxyStub looks like.

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