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• squid bypass for a domain

  - by krisdigitx

  i am using squid with adzap, it possible that squid/adzap does not cache for a particluar domain eg. cnn.com this is my squid.conf file # # Recommended minimum configuration: # acl manager proto cache_object acl localhost src 127.0.0.1/32 #acl localhost src ::1/128 acl to_localhost dst 127.0.0.0/8 0.0.0.0/32 #acl to_localhost dst ::1/128 # Example rule allowing access from your local networks. # Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing # should be allowed acl localnet src 192.168.1.0/24 acl localnet src 192.168.2.0/24 acl SSL_ports port 443 acl Safe_ports port 80 # http acl Safe_ports port 21 # ftp acl Safe_ports port 443 # https acl Safe_ports port 70 # gopher acl Safe_ports port 210 # wais acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535 # unregistered ports acl Safe_ports port 280 # http-mgmt acl Safe_ports port 488 # gss-http acl Safe_ports port 591 # filemaker acl Safe_ports port 777 # multiling http acl CONNECT method CONNECT # # Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration: # # Only allow cachemgr access from localhost http_access allow manager localhost http_access deny manager # Deny requests to certain unsafe ports http_access deny !Safe_ports # Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports # We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent # web applications running on the proxy server who think the only # one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user #http_access deny to_localhost # # INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS # # Example rule allowing access from your local networks. # Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks # from where browsing should be allowed http_access allow localnet http_access allow localhost # And finally deny all other access to this proxy http_access deny all # Squid normally listens to port 3128 http_port xxx.xxx.xxx.yyy:3128 transparent visible_hostname proxyserver.local # We recommend you to use at least the following line. hierarchy_stoplist cgi-bin ? # Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory. cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 1024 16 256 # Leave coredumps in the first cache dir coredump_dir /var/spool/squid # Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these. refresh_pattern ^ftp: 1440 20% 10080 refresh_pattern ^gopher: 1440 0% 1440 refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0 0% 0 refresh_pattern . 0 20% 4320 access_log /var/log/squid/squid.log squid access_log syslog squid redirect_program /usr/local/adzap/scripts/wrapzap fixed using acl allow_domains dstdomain www.cnn.com always_direct allow allow_domains

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• Internet connection problem,ping ok , but outlook and browsers dont work

  - by Ashian

  Hi, From some days ago I have a big problem on my laptop( run windows xp sp3) When I connect to internet I can ping web sites but when try to browse them some times it work correctly and some times the connection to server intrupted and I have to refresh the page several times. in this case browser show a connection problem immediatly after I click on address bar or a link on page( wihtout any try to connect to server) I use FireFox and opera and both of them have this problem. try another ISP and still I have this problem. I didnt use any proxy server and check the proxy setting. In this case Outlook also can't connect to mail server. this problem anfter some time or after restart windows have been fixed for a while. I check for virus and can't find anything. Is there any idea how can I fix it? UPDATE: Thanks for your responses. I test them , also I use Open DNS setting and that dosent help me. last night I see that my local web application ( such as Adsl modem config web site , and sites that I set up on windows xo IIS ) aslo can't open and Internal Communication error apears ( Opera Message) that didnt relate to DNS settings or Internet connection.

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• How can I "filter" postfix-generated bounce messages?

  - by Flimzy

  We are using postfix 2.7 and custom SMTPD (based on qpsmtpd) in highly customized configuration for spam filtering. We have a new requirement to filter postfix-generated bounces through our custom qpsmtpd process (not so much for content filtering, but to process these bounces accordingly). Our current configuration looks (in part) like this: main.cf (only customizations shown): 2526 inet n - - - 0 cleanup pickup fifo n - - 60 1 pickup -o content_filter=smtp:127.0.0.2 Our smtpd injects messages to postfix on port 2526, by speaking directly to the cleanup daemon. And the custom pickup command instructs postfix to hand off all locally-generated mail (from cron, nagios, or other custom scripts) to our custom smtpd. The problem is that this configuration does not affect postfix generated bounce messages, since they do not go through the pickup daemon. I have tried adding the same content_filter option to the bounce daemon commands, but it does not seem to have any effect: bounce unix - - - - 0 bounce -o content_filter=smtp:127.0.0.2 defer unix - - - - 0 bounce -o content_filter=smtp:127.0.0.2 trace unix - - - - 0 bounce -o content_filter=smtp:127.0.0.2 For reference, here is my main.cf file, as well: biff = no # TLS parameters smtpd_tls_loglevel = 0 smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key smtpd_use_tls=yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${queue_directory}/smtpd_scache smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${queue_directory}/smtp_scache smtp_tls_security_level = may mydestination = $myhostname alias_maps = proxy:pgsql:/etc/postfix/dc-aliases.cf transport_maps = proxy:pgsql:/etc/postfix/dc-transport.cf # This is enforced on incoming mail by QPSMTPD, so this is simply # the upper possible bound (also enforced in defaults.pl) message_size_limit = 262144000 mailbox_size_limit = 0 # We do our own message expiration, but if we set this to 0, then postfix # will try each mail delivery only once, so instead we set it to 100 days # (which is the max postfix seems to support) maximal_queue_lifetime = 100d hash_queue_depth = 1 hash_queue_names = deferred, defer, hold I also tried adding the internal_mail_filter_classes option to main.cf, but also tono affect: internal_mail_filter_classes = bounce,notify I am open to any suggestions, including handling our current content-filtering-loop in a different way. If it's not clear what I'm asking, please let me know, and I can try to clarify.

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• Mangling traffic from a Mikrotik Router

  - by TiernanO

  I have a MikroTik powered Router in the house with a couple of internet connections (2 200/10Mb Cable modems and a 100/20Mb VDSL Line). I am using Mangle rules to set routing marks and NAT rules to do some load balancing, and everything seems to be going grand... But it only works for traffic from outside the router... Let me explain: I have 4 GigE ports on the machine, WAN1,2 and 3, and a LAN port named LAN1. All traffic from LAN1 is getting mangled (as it should be) but traffic from the load router itself (proxy traffic, IPv6 tunnels, VPN connections) are not being mangled. They get the first route to 0.0.0.0/0, which in my case is WAN2, and stick with it. So, how do I get traffic from the local router to be mangled? Originally it was proxy traffic that caused the problem, but now with IPv6 and VPN, they are more important to be mangled... last time i enabled IPv6 traffic, all traffic only went though WAN2, and the rest where unused... Any ideas?

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• What exactly is a Deamon ? ( how to run a root command from apache binded script that uses www-data user )?

  - by user224235

  I am trying to run this command from WSGI script service httpd restart The problem is this command can only be run by root and apache uses the www-data user. it has been said the solution is to use a Deamon Process i suppose the idea is to send the command to a file that will be executed by a script that is considered "root" user.. its difficult to understand why they would call this a Deamon Process and try to scare me. Perhaps it should have been called : proxy process when i got the idea that this was a proxy process.. i thought about adding a line to /var/spool/cron/root that way the cron would execute the command for me. but of course this means i have to get the system time and then add 1 second to it and then add it to that line so cron would execute the command for me as root but my script demands an output instantly. so i suppose i need to create a DEAMON PROCESS that works like the cron. in other words it is a bash file that will execute the command in a plain file.. but will this DEAMON PROCESS be running a while command 24/7 every second ? would that not waste resources ? it only needs to activate itself to check for a command to execute when there is a command to be executed. i mean in PHP and other programming languages.. running a while statement when there is nothing to be executed could waste resources of the server.. so why should a deamon process constantly be listening for anything. i only want it to listen and execute when it is needed. i do not need a process that is constantly listening.

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• openvpn port 53 bypasses allows restrictions ( find similar ports)

  - by user181216

  scenario of wifi : i'm using wifi in hostel which having cyberoam firewall and all the computer which uses that access point. that access point have following configuration default gateway : 192.168.100.1 primary dns server : 192.168.100.1 here, when i try to open a website the cyberoam firewall redirects the page to a login page (with correct login information, we can browse internet else not), and also website access and bandwidth limitations. once i've heard about pd-proxy which finds open port and tunnels through a port ( usually udp 53). using pd-proxy with UDP 53 port, i can browse internet without login, even bandwidth limit is bypassed !!! and another software called openvpn with connecting openvpn server through udp port 53 i can browse internet without even login into the cyberoam. both of softwares uses port 53, specially openvpn with port 53, now i've a VPS server in which i can install openvpn server and connect through the VPS server to browse internet. i know why that is happening because with pinging on some website(eb. google.com) it returns it's ip address that means it allows dns queries without login. but the problem is there is already DNS service is running on the VPS server on port 53. and i can only use 53 port to bypass the limitations as i think. and i can not run openvpn service on my VPS server on port 53. so how to scan the wifi for vulnerable ports like 53 so that i can figure out the magic port and start a openvpn service on VPS on the same port. ( i want to scan similar vulnerable ports like 53 on cyberoam in which the traffic can be tunneled, not want to scan services running on ports). improvement of the question with retags and edits are always welcomed... NOTE : all these are for Educational purpose only, i'm curious about network related knowledge.....

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• openvpn port 53 bypasses allows restrictions ( find similar ports)

  - by user181216

  scenario of wifi : i'm using wifi in hostel which having cyberoam firewall and all the computer which uses that access point. that access point have following configuration default gateway : 192.168.100.1 primary dns server : 192.168.100.1 here, when i try to open a website the cyberoam firewall redirects the page to a login page (with correct login information, we can browse internet else not), and also website access and bandwidth limitations. once i've heard about pd-proxy which finds open port and tunnels through a port ( usually udp 53). using pd-proxy with UDP 53 port, i can browse internet without login, even bandwidth limit is bypassed !!! and another software called openvpn with connecting openvpn server through udp port 53 i can browse internet without even login into the cyberoam. both of softwares uses port 53, specially openvpn with port 53, now i've a VPS server in which i can install openvpn server and connect through the VPS server to browse internet. i know why that is happening because with pinging on some website(eb. google.com) it returns it's ip address that means it allows dns queries without login. but the problem is there is already DNS service is running on the VPS server on port 53. and i can only use 53 port to bypass the limitations as i think. and i can not run openvpn service on my VPS server on port 53. so how to scan the wifi for vulnerable ports like 53 so that i can figure out the magic port and start a openvpn service on VPS on the same port. ( i want to scan similar vulnerable ports like 53 on cyberoam in which the traffic can be tunneled, not want to scan services running on ports). improvement of the question with retags and edits are always welcomed... NOTE : all these are for Educational purpose only, i'm curious about network related knowledge.....

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• implementing NGINX loadbalancer

  - by Alaa Alomari

  I have two servers (ServerA 192.168.1.10, ServerB 192,168.1.11) and DNS of test.mysite.com is pointing to ServerA #in serverA i have this upstream lb_units { server 192.168.1.10 weight=2 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s; # Reverse proxy to BES1 server 192.168.1.11 weight=2 max_fails=3 fail_timeout=30s; # Reverse proxy to BES2 } server { listen 80; # Listen on the external interface server_name test.mysite.com; # The server name root /var/www/test; index index.php; location / { proxy_pass http://lb_units; # Load balance the URL location "/" to the upstream lb_units } location ~ \.php$ { include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/test/$fastcgi_script_name; } } and ServerB is apache and it has the following <VirtualHost *:80 RewriteEngine on <Directory "/var/www/test" AllowOverride all </Directory DocumentRoot "/var/www/test" ServerName test.mysite.com </VirtualHost but whenever i try to browse test.mysite.com, it serves me from ServerA. also i tried to mark serverA and down server 192.168.1.10 down; in lb_units and still the same, serving me from serverA. any idea what i have done wrong??

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• Fortigate restrict traffic through one external IP

  - by Tom O'Connor

  I've got a fortigate 400A at a client's site. They've got a /26 from British Telecom, and we're using 4 of those IPs as a NAT Pool. Is there a way to say that traffic from 172.18.4.40-45 can only ever come out of (and hence go back into) x.x.x.140 as the external IP? We're having some problems with SIP which looks like it's coming out of one, and trying to go back into another. I tried enabling asymmetric routing, didn't work. I tried setting a VIP, but even when I did that, it didn't appear to do anything. Any ideas? I can probably post some firewall snippets if need be.. Tell me what you want to see. SIP ALG config system settings set sip-helper disable set sip-nat-trace disable set sip-tcp-port 5061 set sip-udp-port 5061 set multicast-forward enable end Interesting Sidenote VoIP phones, with no special configuration can register fine to proxy.sipgate.co.uk, which has an IP address of 217.10.79.16. Which is cool. Two phones are using a different provider, whose proxy IP address is 178.255.x.x. These phones can register for outbound, but inbound INVITEs never make it to the phone. Is it possible that the Fortigate is having trouble with 178.255.x.x as it's got a 255 in it? Or am I just imagining things?

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• Storing Windows Updates for reuse

  - by Saiyine

  At work we update lots of computers using Windows Update. Windows XP and 7 all day long, rarely some Vista. We do it through a corporate proxy, as connecting them to a domain to build a Wsus server is out of the question, so we download about two gigabytes a day of the very same updates everyday. I've tried WSUS Offline. It's pretty complete but when it finishes it's common to be still missing hundreds of megabytes of updates, because its intention is not to fully update a system but to install the critical updates, as the developers explain in the forums. Now I'm trying with Autoupdater. It's far worse, with poor capabilities for non-English Windows XP, but at least it gives the option to install non critical updates in Windows 7. It still misses hundres of megabytes of updates after fully updating the system. And finally, both doesn't install the driver related updates of Windows 7, so they at most save us a couple of hundreds of megabytes and a reboot (with the associated login to the computer and to the proxy) out of three or four. So, is it possible to somewhat extract the installed updates in a Windows 7 system and not having to download the same updates again and again at least with machines with the same hardware? Or even better, a generic package with all the updates?

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• How to secure a group of Amazon EC2 instances

  - by ks78

  I have several Amazon EC2 instances running Ubuntu 10.04 and I've recently started using Amazon's Route 53 as my DNS. The purpose of doing that was to allow the instances to refer to each other by name rather than private IP (which can change). I've pointed my domain name (via GoDaddy) to Amazon's name servers, allowing me to access my EC2 webservers. However, I noticed I can now access the EC2 instances which I don't want to be public, such as the dedicated MySQL Server. I was thinking Amazon's Security Groups would still be in effect when using Route 53, but that doesn't seem to be the case. Before I started using Route 53, I was thinking of having one instance run a reverse proxy, which would help protect the web servers behind it. Then IP-restrict all the other instances. I know IP restricting can be done using the firewall within each instance, but should I ever need to access them from another IP address, I'd need a way in. Amazon's control panel made it a breeze to open a port when necessary. Does anyone have any suggestions for keeping EC2 instances secure, but also accessible to their administrator? Also, what's the best topology for a group of EC2 instances, consisting of web servers and a dedicated database server, from a security perspective? Does having a reverse proxy server even make sense?

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• Apache Virtual Hosts behind Cisco Router

  - by Theo

  I'm setting up an Apache 2.2 Ubuntu web server for internal services that is also supposed to be accessed from outside our LAN. Our LAN has a single external IP that is the external IP of our RV042 Cisco router. We have set up several A records on our external DNS server that point to this IP. Our internal DNS server resolve the same records to the internal IP of our web server, so computers from inside the network can access them using the same address as if they were outside. We forwarded the router's external 80 port to our web server's 80 port. I have set up one Virtual Host for each domain name in our list, and my httpd.conf is something like this: ServerName web.domain.com NameVirtualHost *:80 <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName alfresco.domain.com <Proxy *> Order deny,allow Allow from all </Proxy> ProxyPass /alfresco http://localhost:8080/alfresco ProxyPassReverse /alfresco http://localhost:8080/alfresco ProxyPass /share http://localhost:8080/share ProxyPassReverse /share http://localhost:8080/share </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName crm.domain.com DocumentRoot /var/www/sugarcrm </VirtualHost> Now, this works if we are in our LAN. However, if we are outside of our LAN we reach our web server's default page saying: It Works! This is the default web page for this server. But we can't reach the virtual hosts, as if the domain name is not being preserved when the router forward the packets to the web server. Am I doing something wrong? How can I check what is going on? What should be the settings to make this work from outside?

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• Serving static content with Apache web server and Tomcat

  - by Hunter

  I've configured Apache web server and Tomcat like this: I created a new file in apache2/sites-available, named it "myDomain" with this content: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName myDomain.com ServerAlias www.myDomain.com ProxyPass / ajp://localhost:8009 <Proxy *> AllowOverride AuthConfig Order allow,deny Allow from all Options -Indexes </Proxy> </VirtualHost> Enabled mod_proxy and myDomain a2enmod proxy_ajp a2ensite myDomain Edited Tomcat's server.xml (inside the Engine tag) <Host name="myDomain.com" appBase="webapps/myApp"> <Context path="" docBase="."/> </Host> <Host name="www.myDomain.com" appBase="webapps/myApp"> <Context path="" docBase="."/> </Host> This works great. But I don't like to put static files (html, images, videos etc.) into {tomcat home}/webapps/myApp's subfolders instead I'd like to put them the apache webserver's root WWW directory's subdirectories. And I'd like Apache web server to serve these files alone. How could I do this? So all incoming request will be forwarded to Tomcat except those that ask for a static file.

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• How to tell nginx to honor backend's cache?

  - by ChocoDeveloper

  I'm using php-fpm with nginx as http server (I don't know much about reverse proxies, I just installed it and didn't touch anything), without Apache nor Varnish. I need nginx to understand and honor the http headers I send. I tried with this config (taken from the docs) but didn't work: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf: fastcgi_cache_path /var/lib/nginx/cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=website:10m inactive=10m; fastcgi_cache_key "$scheme$request_method$host$request_uri"; /etc/nginx/sites-available/website: server { fastcgi_cache website; #fastcgi_cache_valid 200 302 1h; #fastcgi_cache_valid 301 1d; #fastcgi_cache_valid any 1m; #fastcgi_cache_min_uses 1; #fastcgi_cache_use_stale error timeout invalid_header http_503; add_header X-Cache $upstream_cache_status; } I always get "MISS" and the cache dir is empty. If I uncomment the other directives, I get hit, but I don't want those "dumb" settings, I need to control them within my backend. For example, if my backend says "public, s-maxage=10", the cache should be considered stale after 10 secs. Instead, nginx will store it for 1h, because of these directives. I was thinking whether I should try proxy_cache, not sure what's the difference. In both fastcgi and proxy modules docs it says this: The cache honors backend's Cache-Control, Expires, and etc. since version 0.7.48, Cache-Control: private and no-store only since 0.7.66, though. Vary handling is not implemented. nginx version: nginx/1.1.19 Any thoughts? pd: I also have the reverse proxy that is offered by Symfony2 (which I turn off to use nginx's). The headers are interpreted correctly by it, so I think I'm doing it right.

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• error 503: Can't deploy rails 3 app with apache + thin (bitnamy ruby stack)

  - by Pacu

  As you'll notice, I'm a bit of a noob on Rails. Here's the thing I have a EC2 Bitnami RubyStack AMI running. I'm trying to deploy the sample project to be sure I'm doing the right thing, but I'm not getting anywhere at all. I just get a 503 error I'm following bitnami's docs on thin + apache Here are my files: the httpd.conf I include in the main httpd.conf Alias /sample "/home/bitnami/stack/projects/sample/public" <Directory "/home/bitnami/stack/projects/sample/public"> AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ProxyPass /sample balancer://appcluster ProxyPassReverse /sample balancer://appcluster <Proxy balancer://appcluster> BalancerMember http://127.0.0.1:3001/sample BalancerMember http://127.0.0.1:3002/sample BalancerMember http://127.0.0.1:3003/sample BalancerMember http://127.0.0.1:3004/sample </Proxy> the thin.yml file chdir: /opt/bitnami/projects/sample environment: production address: 127.0.0.1 port: 3000 timeout: 30 log: log/thin.log pid: tmp/pids/thin.pid max_conns: 1024 max_persistent_conns: 512 require: [] wait: 30 servers: 5 prefix: /sample daemonize: true I'm able to start and stop apache, but thin does not stop correctly though. When I try to stop thin, I get this output /opt/bitnami/projects/sample$ sudo thin -C config/thin.yml stop Stopping server on 127.0.0.1:3000 ... Can't stop process, no PID found in tmp/pids/thin.3000.pid Stopping server on 127.0.0.1:3001 ... Can't stop process, no PID found in tmp/pids/thin.3001.pid Stopping server on 127.0.0.1:3002 ... Can't stop process, no PID found in tmp/pids/thin.3002.pid Stopping server on 127.0.0.1:3003 ... Can't stop process, no PID found in tmp/pids/thin.3003.pid Stopping server on 127.0.0.1:3004 ... Can't stop process, no PID found in tmp/pids/thin.3004.pid I've tried to use nginx as well, without any luck unfortunately. Thank you for your time and help!

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• PC doesn't POST with a certain model of PSU

  - by Core Xii

  I have this PC with an Asus P5N32-E SLI motherboard and an Intel Q6600 CPU. I got a new RX-5300 PSU, but it didn't work. The motherboard power LED is on fine When I switch power on, the PC powers up briefly (0.5-1 sec) then shuts down From there on out when I switch power on, it stays on, all fans and components seem to be receiving power, but the motherboard won't POST. No video output, no PC speaker beeps, nothing If I turn the hard switch on the PSU off and then back on again, go to step 2; The PC turns on and then off immediately again, and on subsequent power-ups it stays on but won't POST I disconnected every component but the motherboard, CPU and PSU. Still nothing. I tried three other models of PSU on this PC, both of higher (600) and lower (<300) wattage than the 530 on the RX-5300 and they all work fine. At this point I was convinced the PSU was faulty so I returned it. When the replacement arrived, it behaved exactly the same. So two different units of RX-5300 both with the same symptoms, neither working with this motherboard + CPU. Yet, three other models of PSU work perfectly fine. The PC store couldn't reproduce my problem with the returned PSU. I tried resetting the CMOS with the jumper. I tried with both the 4 and 4+4 (with and without the extra +4 connected) CPU connectors (curiously the RX-5300 comes equipped with both). Could it be a statistical probability that I get two units of the same model of PSU that are faulty in the exact same manner? Could the RX-5300 model itself be somehow incompatible with this motherboard? I was under the impression that PSUs were pretty much universal so long as you have the wattage. Could the motherboard be broken in some such a way as to work with certain PSUs but not others? What's going on here?

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• Single application through OpenVPN tunnel (Debian Lenny)

  - by user14124

  I'm using Debian Lenny and I want to tunnel rtorrent only through a OpenVPN tunnel. I have a tunnel running, the config file looks like this: client dev tun proto udp remote openvpn.xxx.com 1194 resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun ca /etc/openvpn/xxx/keys/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/xxx/keys/client.crt key /etc/openvpn/xxx/keys/client.key tls-auth /etc/openvpn/xxx/keys/tls.key 1 ns-cert-type server comp-lzo verb 3 auth-user-pass script-security 3 reneg-sec 0 My idea is that I could run a sockd proxy internally that redirects traffic to the openvpn tunnel. I could use the *nix "proxifier" application "tsocks" to make it possible for rtorrent to connect through that proxy (as rtorrent doesn't support proxies). I have trouble configuring sockd as my IP inside the VPN changes every time I connect. This is a config file someone said would help: http://ircpimps.org/sockd.conf As my IP changes at each connect I don't know what to put in that config file. I have no control over the host side config file. Any help wanted. Any other method is very welcome.

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• Are there any benchmarks showing difference between hardware virtualisation enabled/disabled?

  - by Wil

  I have a 13" sub-laptop/large-netbook, it has an AMD Athlon Neo X2 L335, and I chose this one because it supports hardware virtualisation. In the end, I hardly do any virtualisation on it, however, when I do... it is fast. To my shock, I went in to the BIOS and saw that virtualisation was disabled! I turned this on and, I see no speed difference.... or at least none that I can tell. I do not have time to do a full set of benchmarks - and I run quite a bit of software on the host, so it wouldn't be scientific. I have searched quite a few places and I just can not find any benchmarks showing the difference of virtualisation bit enabled/disabled on the same hardware. Does anyone have any benchmarks they have seen that they can share? In addition, I know there was an uproar a while ago as Sony disable the hardware virtualisation on some models and only offer it in their higher models as a premium feature, however, apart from forcing an up-sell, are there any benefits to having it disabled e.g. battery/heat? I just can't find any information and can't work out why it would be disabled by default. Edit--- To add, The only thing I can find is that without it, you can not perform x64 virtualisation as fast. This is the only down side I can find. However, if this is the only difference, then I am still interested in the second part of the question - why offer the option to disable it?

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• How do I serve Ruby on Rails applications on Windows Server 2008?

  - by Adam Lassek

  I have spent the last several hours attempting to get Ruby on Rails running on a Windows server with no luck. At first I tried configuring a test application through IIS7's FastCGI support, but the documentation for this is not very good. I've been following this blog entry, and this one, and this one, and this one but everything seems to be missing major steps, or are out of date. And every article keeps linking back to this Howto from rubyonrails.org that doesn't exist. The sense that I'm getting is that even if I manage to make this work, IIS' FastCGI isn't good enough to use in a production environment anyway. So it looks like my best bet is to setup a reverse proxy in IIS that points to Apache & Mongrel/Passenger using ARR and UrlRewrite. Is there anybody else out there stuck deploying a Rails application on a Windows stack? Am I on the right track? Can you give me a better idea of how to configure this? I believe Plesk already installed an instance of Apache/Tomcat running on this server using a different port, so adding another virtual host shouldn't be difficult; the hardest part seems to be setting up the reverse proxy through IIS.

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• How to make lighttpd respect X-Forwarded-Proto when constructing redirects for directories?

  - by Tim Landscheidt

  We have an nginx proxy at tools.wmflabs.org that receives requests by http and https and passes them by http on to lighttpds on a grid (one lighttpd per top-level path). Requests that reach the proxy by https are received by the lighttpds like this: HEAD /lighttpd-test/test HTTP/1.1 Connection: close Host: tools.wmflabs.org X-Forwarded-Proto: https X-Original-URI: /lighttpd-test/test User-Agent: curl/7.29.0 Accept: */* This works great except in the case where the URL references a physical directory and misses the trailing slash ("/"), as lighttpd then generates a redirect to the http URL: HTTP/1.1 301 Moved Permanently Location: http://tools.wmflabs.org/lighttpd-test/test/ Connection: close Date: Fri, 06 Jun 2014 14:50:29 GMT Server: lighttpd/1.4.28 The relevant parts of our lighttpd configurations are: server.modules = ( "mod_setenv", "mod_access", "mod_accesslog", "mod_alias", "mod_compress", "mod_redirect", "mod_rewrite", "mod_fastcgi", "mod_cgi", ) server.port = $port [...] server.document-root = "$home/public_html" [...] server.follow-symlink = "enable" [...] server.stat-cache-engine = "fam" ssl.engine = "disable" alias.url = ( "/$tool" => "$home/public_html/" ) index-file.names = ( "index.php", "index.html", "index.htm" ) dir-listing.encoding = "utf-8" server.dir-listing = "disable" url.access-deny = ( "~", ".inc" ) [...] How can I make lighttpd respect X-Forwarded-Proto and use it when constructing redirects for directories? I'm aware that I could try to tackle this in nginx, but I'd prefer if I can fix it in lighttpd.

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• Can I use squid (or anything) to do this?

  - by user269334

  I have a really crappy VPS, and a really good computer at my office (with a really good internet connection), but behind a NAT. Is it possible to expose my good computer by doing this: 1. The good computer connects to the VPS (and keeps the connection alive) 2. The users connects to the VPS, and sends http(s) requests to the VPS. 3. The VPS just passes that http(s) requests to the good computer (including some identifications, so the servers can distinguish connections) 4. The good computer passes that http(s) response to the VPS 5. In turn, the VPS receives the http(s) response, and passes back to the client. Is it possible to do this? (btw, the VPS and the good computer are located in different countries) And also, is this "reverse proxy"? I heard that reverse proxy is for protecting the internal network by putting a middle server. And will this affect SSL configurations? (or make SSL impossible?) I'm intending to run nginx on the good computer. Thanks in advance : )

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• Strategy to isolate multiple nginx ssl apps with single domain via suburi's?

  - by icpu

  Warning: so far I have only learnt how to use nginx to serve apps with their own domain and server block. But I think its time to dive a little deeper. To mitigate the need for multiple SSL certificates or expensive wildcard certificates I would like to serve multiple apps (e.g. rails apps, php apps, node.js apps) from one nginx server_name. e.g. rooturl/railsapp rooturl/nodejsapp rooturl/phpshop rooturl/phpblog I am unsure on ideal strategy. Some examples I have seen and or thought about: Multiple location rules, this seems to cause conflicts between the individual app config requirements, e.g. differing rewrite and access requirements Isolated apps by backend internal port, is this possible? Each port routing to its own config? So config is isolated and can be bespoke to app requirements. Reverse proxy, I am little ignorant of how this works, is this what I need to research? is this actually 2 above? Help online seems to always proxy to another server e.g apache What is an effective way to isolate config requirements for apps served from a single domain via sub uris?

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• Need solution for Network/Servers.

  - by rehanplus

  Dear All, Please help me. I just joined a new Hospital and want some help managing my network. There are some requirements: Current Network: There is a D.S.L connection and that is terminated on a LINUX proxy and then connected to D-Link layer 2 switches and then providing internet to more then 200 PC's (Would be increasing to 1500 in couple of months). D-Link switches are not configured yet. Also there is one Database server Report server and an application server. In near Future Application should be accessed by local users as well as remote users from internet via our web server. We do have a sharing server and all these servers databases and PC's are on single sub net. Required Network: All i do want is to secure my network from outside access and just allowing specific users via web application and they will be submitting there record for patient card and appointment facility by means of application and entering there record (on our database) but not violating our network resources. Secondly in house users also need to access the same application and also internet but they must have some unique identity and rights (i.e. Finance lab dept. peoples do have limited access to that application). Notes: Should i create V LAN or break sub nets. Having a firewall will solve my issues? is a router needed on these type of scenario's. Currently all the access are restricted from Linux Proxy. Thanks.

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• What is correct HTTP status code when redirecting to a login page?

  - by PHP_Jedi

  When a user is not logged in and tries to access an page that requires login, what is the correct HTTP status code for a redirect to the login page? I don't feel that any of the 3xx fit that description. 10.3.1 300 Multiple Choices The requested resource corresponds to any one of a set of representations, each with its own specific location, and agent- driven negotiation information (section 12) is being provided so that the user (or user agent) can select a preferred representation and redirect its request to that location. Unless it was a HEAD request, the response SHOULD include an entity containing a list of resource characteristics and location(s) from which the user or user agent can choose the one most appropriate. The entity format is specified by the media type given in the Content- Type header field. Depending upon the format and the capabilities of the user agent, selection of the most appropriate choice MAY be performed automatically. However, this specification does not define any standard for such automatic selection. If the server has a preferred choice of representation, it SHOULD include the specific URI for that representation in the Location field; user agents MAY use the Location field value for automatic redirection. This response is cacheable unless indicated otherwise. 10.3.2 301 Moved Permanently The requested resource has been assigned a new permanent URI and any future references to this resource SHOULD use one of the returned URIs. Clients with link editing capabilities ought to automatically re-link references to the Request-URI to one or more of the new references returned by the server, where possible. This response is cacheable unless indicated otherwise. The new permanent URI SHOULD be given by the Location field in the response. Unless the request method was HEAD, the entity of the response SHOULD contain a short hypertext note with a hyperlink to the new URI(s). If the 301 status code is received in response to a request other than GET or HEAD, the user agent MUST NOT automatically redirect the request unless it can be confirmed by the user, since this might change the conditions under which the request was issued. Note: When automatically redirecting a POST request after receiving a 301 status code, some existing HTTP/1.0 user agents will erroneously change it into a GET request. 10.3.3 302 Found The requested resource resides temporarily under a different URI. Since the redirection might be altered on occasion, the client SHOULD continue to use the Request-URI for future requests. This response is only cacheable if indicated by a Cache-Control or Expires header field. The temporary URI SHOULD be given by the Location field in the response. Unless the request method was HEAD, the entity of the response SHOULD contain a short hypertext note with a hyperlink to the new URI(s). If the 302 status code is received in response to a request other than GET or HEAD, the user agent MUST NOT automatically redirect the request unless it can be confirmed by the user, since this might change the conditions under which the request was issued. Note: RFC 1945 and RFC 2068 specify that the client is not allowed to change the method on the redirected request. However, most existing user agent implementations treat 302 as if it were a 303 response, performing a GET on the Location field-value regardless of the original request method. The status codes 303 and 307 have been added for servers that wish to make unambiguously clear which kind of reaction is expected of the client. 10.3.4 303 See Other The response to the request can be found under a different URI and SHOULD be retrieved using a GET method on that resource. This method exists primarily to allow the output of a POST-activated script to redirect the user agent to a selected resource. The new URI is not a substitute reference for the originally requested resource. The 303 response MUST NOT be cached, but the response to the second (redirected) request might be cacheable. The different URI SHOULD be given by the Location field in the response. Unless the request method was HEAD, the entity of the response SHOULD contain a short hypertext note with a hyperlink to the new URI(s). Note: Many pre-HTTP/1.1 user agents do not understand the 303 status. When interoperability with such clients is a concern, the 302 status code may be used instead, since most user agents react to a 302 response as described here for 303. 10.3.5 304 Not Modified If the client has performed a conditional GET request and access is allowed, but the document has not been modified, the server SHOULD respond with this status code. The 304 response MUST NOT contain a message-body, and thus is always terminated by the first empty line after the header fields. The response MUST include the following header fields: - Date, unless its omission is required by section 14.18.1 If a clockless origin server obeys these rules, and proxies and clients add their own Date to any response received without one (as already specified by [RFC 2068], section 14.19), caches will operate correctly. - ETag and/or Content-Location, if the header would have been sent in a 200 response to the same request - Expires, Cache-Control, and/or Vary, if the field-value might differ from that sent in any previous response for the same variant If the conditional GET used a strong cache validator (see section 13.3.3), the response SHOULD NOT include other entity-headers. Otherwise (i.e., the conditional GET used a weak validator), the response MUST NOT include other entity-headers; this prevents inconsistencies between cached entity-bodies and updated headers. If a 304 response indicates an entity not currently cached, then the cache MUST disregard the response and repeat the request without the conditional. If a cache uses a received 304 response to update a cache entry, the cache MUST update the entry to reflect any new field values given in the response. 10.3.6 305 Use Proxy The requested resource MUST be accessed through the proxy given by the Location field. The Location field gives the URI of the proxy. The recipient is expected to repeat this single request via the proxy. 305 responses MUST only be generated by origin servers. Note: RFC 2068 was not clear that 305 was intended to redirect a single request, and to be generated by origin servers only. Not observing these limitations has significant security consequences. 10.3.7 306 (Unused) The 306 status code was used in a previous version of the specification, is no longer used, and the code is reserved. 10.3.8 307 Temporary Redirect The requested resource resides temporarily under a different URI. Since the redirection MAY be altered on occasion, the client SHOULD continue to use the Request-URI for future requests. This response is only cacheable if indicated by a Cache-Control or Expires header field. The temporary URI SHOULD be given by the Location field in the response. Unless the request method was HEAD, the entity of the response SHOULD contain a short hypertext note with a hyperlink to the new URI(s) , since many pre-HTTP/1.1 user agents do not understand the 307 status. Therefore, the note SHOULD contain the information necessary for a user to repeat the original request on the new URI. If the 307 status code is received in response to a request other than GET or HEAD, the user agent MUST NOT automatically redirect the request unless it can be confirmed by the user, since this might change the conditions under which the request was issued. I'm using 302 for now, until I find THE correct answer.

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• MVC 3 Client Validation works intermittently

  - by Gutek

  I have MVC 3 version, System.Web.Mvc product version is: 3.0.20105.0 modified on 5th of Jan 2011 - i think that's the latest. I’ve notice that client validation is not working as it suppose in the application that we are creating, so I’ve made a quick test. I’ve created basic MVC 3 Application using Internet Application template. I’ve added Test Controller: using System.Web.Mvc; using MvcApplication3.Models; namespace MvcApplication3.Controllers { public class TestController : Controller { public ActionResult Index() { return View(); } public ActionResult Create() { Sample model = new Sample(); return View(model); } [HttpPost] public ActionResult Create(Sample model) { if(!ModelState.IsValid) { return View(); } return RedirectToAction("Display"); } public ActionResult Display() { Sample model = new Sample(); model.Age = 10; model.CardNumber = "1324234"; model.Email = "[email protected]"; model.Title = "hahah"; return View(model); } } } Model: using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations; namespace MvcApplication3.Models { public class Sample { [Required] public string Title { get; set; } [Required] public string Email { get; set; } [Required] [Range(4, 120, ErrorMessage = "Oi! Common!")] public short Age { get; set; } [Required] public string CardNumber { get; set; } } } And 3 views: Create: @model MvcApplication3.Models.Sample @{ ViewBag.Title = "Create"; Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml"; } <h2>Create</h2> <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script> <script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script> @*@{ Html.EnableClientValidation(); }*@ @using (Html.BeginForm()) { @Html.ValidationSummary(false) <fieldset> <legend>Sample</legend> <div class="editor-label"> @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Title) </div> <div class="editor-field"> @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Title) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Title) </div> <div class="editor-label"> @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Email) </div> <div class="editor-field"> @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Email) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Email) </div> <div class="editor-label"> @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Age) </div> <div class="editor-field"> @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Age) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Age) </div> <div class="editor-label"> @Html.LabelFor(model => model.CardNumber) </div> <div class="editor-field"> @Html.EditorFor(model => model.CardNumber) @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.CardNumber) </div> <p> <input type="submit" value="Create" /> </p> </fieldset> @*<fieldset> @Html.EditorForModel() <p> <input type="submit" value="Create" /> </p> </fieldset> *@ } <div> @Html.ActionLink("Back to List", "Index") </div> Display: @model MvcApplication3.Models.Sample @{ ViewBag.Title = "Display"; Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml"; } <h2>Display</h2> <fieldset> <legend>Sample</legend> <div class="display-label">Title</div> <div class="display-field">@Model.Title</div> <div class="display-label">Email</div> <div class="display-field">@Model.Email</div> <div class="display-label">Age</div> <div class="display-field">@Model.Age</div> <div class="display-label">CardNumber</div> <div class="display-field">@Model.CardNumber</div> </fieldset> <p> @Html.ActionLink("Back to List", "Index") </p> Index: @{ ViewBag.Title = "Index"; Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml"; } <h2>Index</h2> <p> @Html.ActionLink("Create", "Create") </p> <p> @Html.ActionLink("Display", "Display") </p> Everything is default here – Create Controller, AddView from controller action with model specified with proper scaffold template and using provided layout in sample application. When I will go to /Test/Create client validation in most cases works only for Title and Age fields, after clicking Create it works for all fields (create does not goes to server). However in some cases (after a build) Title validation is not working and Email is, or CardNumber or Title and CardNumber but Email is not. But never all validation is working before clicking Create. I’ve tried creating form with Html.EditorForModel as well as enforce client validation just before BeginForm: @{ Html.EnableClientValidation(); } I’m providing a source code for this sample on dropbox – as maybe our dev env is broken :/ I’ve done tests on IE 8 and Chrome 10 beta. Just in case, in web config validation scripts are enabled: <appSettings> <add key="ClientValidationEnabled" value="true"/> <add key="UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled" value="true"/> </appSettings> So my questions are Is there a way to ensure that Client validation will work as it supposed to work and not intermittently? Is this a desired behavior and I'm missing something in configuration/implementation?

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