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  • merging indexed array in Python

    - by leon
    Suppose that I have two numpy arrays of the form x = [[1,2] [2,4] [3,6] [4,NaN] [5,10]] y = [[0,-5] [1,0] [2,5] [5,20] [6,25]] is there an efficient way to merge them such that I have xmy = [[0, NaN, -5 ] [1, 2, 0 ] [2, 4, 5 ] [3, 6, NaN] [4, NaN, NaN] [5, 10, 20 ] [6, NaN, 25 ] I can implement a simple function using search to find the index but this is not elegant and potentially inefficient for a lot of arrays and large dimensions. Any pointer is appreciated.

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  • Python lxml - returns null list

    - by Chris Finlayson
    I cannot figure out what is wrong with the XPATH when trying to extract a value from a webpage table. The method seems correct as I can extract the page title and other attributes, but I cannot extract the third value, it always returns an empty list? from lxml import html import requests test_url = 'SC312226' page = ('https://www.opencompany.co.uk/company/'+test_url) print 'Now searching URL: '+page data = requests.get(page) tree = html.fromstring(data.text) print tree.xpath('//title/text()') # Get page title print tree.xpath('//a/@href') # Get href attribute of all links print tree.xpath('//*[@id="financial"]/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[1]/div[2]/text()') Unless i'm missing something, it would appear the XPATH is correct: Chrome screenshot I checked Chrome console, appears ok! So i'm at a loss $x ('//*[@id="financial"]/table/tbody/tr/td[1]/table/tbody/tr[2]/td[1]/div[2]/text()') [ "£432,272" ]

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  • Python indentation in "empty lines"

    - by niscy
    Which is preferred ("." indicating whitespace)? A) def foo(): x = 1 y = 2 .... if True: bar() B) def foo(): x = 1 y = 2 if True: bar() My intuition would be B (that's also what vim does for me), but I see people using A) all the time. Is it just because most of the editors out there are broken?

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  • python dict.fromkeys() returns empty

    - by slooow
    I wrote the following function. It returns an empty dictionary when it should not. The code works on the command line without function. However I cannot see what is wrong with the function, so I have to appeal to your collective intelligence. def enter_users_into_dict(userlist): newusr = {} newusr.fromkeys(userlist, 0) return newusr ul = ['john', 'mabel'] nd = enter_users_into_dict(ul) print nd It returns an empty dict {} where I would expect {'john': 0, 'mabel': 0}. It is probably very simply but I don't see the solution.

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  • Overriding Built-in Classes (Python)

    - by Yipeng
    How can I view and override the full definition for built in classes? I have seen the library docs but am looking for something more. For e.g. is it possible to override the Array Class such that the base index starts from 1 instead of 0, or to override .sort() of list to a sorting algorithm of my own liking?

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  • Python metaclass to run a class method automatically on derived class

    - by Barry Steyn
    I want to automatically run a class method defined in a base class on any derived class during the creation of the class. For instance: class Base(object): @classmethod def runme(): print "I am being run" def __metclass__(cls,parents,attributes): clsObj = type(cls,parents,attributes) clsObj.runme() return clsObj class Derived(Base): pass: What happens here is that when Base is created, ''runme()'' will fire. But nothing happens when Derived is created. The question is: How can I make ''runme()'' also fire when creating Derived. This is what I have thought so far: If I explicitly set Derived's metclass to Base's, it will work. But I don't want that to happen. I basically want Derived to use the Base's metaclass without me having to explicitly set it so.

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  • From Dictionary To File Python

    - by user3600560
    I am basically trying to write this information from my dictionary to this file. I have this dictionary named files = {} and it is for a filing system I am making. Anyhow it is always being update with new items, and I want those items to be uploaded to the file. Then if you exit the program the files are loaded back to the dictionary files = {}. Here is the code I have so far: file = {} for i in files: g = open(i, 'r') g.read(i) g.close() EDIT I want the contents of the dictionary to be written to a file. The items inside the dictionary are all stored like this: files[filename] = {filedate:filetext} where filename is the file's name, filedate is the date that the file was made on, and the filetext is the files contents.

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  • Testing variable types in Python

    - by Jasper
    Hello, I'm creating an initialising function for the class 'Room', and found that the program wouldn't accept the tests I was doing on the input variables. Why is this? def __init__(self, code, name, type, size, description, objects, exits): self.code = code self.name = name self.type = type self.size = size self.description = description self.objects = objects self.exits = exits #Check for input errors: if type(self.code) != type(str()): print 'Error found in module rooms.py!' print 'Error number: 110' elif type(self.name) != type(str()): print 'Error found in module rooms.py!' print 'Error number: 111' elif type(self.type) != type(str()): print 'Error found in module rooms.py!' print 'Error number: 112' elif type(self.size) != type(int()): print 'Error found in module rooms.py!' print 'Error number: 113' elif type(self.description) != type(str()): print 'Error found in module rooms.py!' print 'Error number: 114' elif type(self.objects) != type(list()): print 'Error found in module rooms.py!' print 'Error number: 115' elif type(self.exits) != type(tuple()): print 'Error found in module rooms.py!' print 'Error number: 116' When I run this I get this error: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/Users/Jasper/Development/Programming/MyProjects/Game Making Challenge/Europa I/rooms.py", line 148, in <module> myRoom = Room(101, 'myRoom', 'Basic Room', 5, '<insert description>', myObjects, myExits) File "/Users/Jasper/Development/Programming/MyProjects/Game Making Challenge/Europa I/rooms.py", line 29, in __init__ if type(self.code) != type(str()): TypeError: 'str' object is not callable

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  • python: importing modules with incorrect import statements => unexhaustive info from resulting Impor

    - by bbb
    Hi there, I have a funny problem I'd like to ask you guys ('n gals) about. I'm importing some module A that is importing some non-existent module B. Of course this will result in an ImportError. This is what A.py looks like import B Now let's import A >>> import A Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> File "/tmp/importtest/A.py", line 1, in <module> import B ImportError: No module named B Alright, on to the problem. How can I know if this ImportError results from importing A or from some corrupt import inside A without looking at the error's string representation. The difference is that either A is not there or does have incorrect import statements. Hope you can help me out... Cheers bb

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  • regex in python, can this be improved upon?

    - by tipu
    I have this piece of code that finds words that begin with @ or #, p = re.findall(r'@\w+|#\w+', str) Now what irks me about this is repeating \w+. I am sure there is a way to do something like p = re.findall(r'(@|#)\w+', str) That will produce the same result but it doesn't, it instead returns only # and @. How can that regex be changed so that I am not repeating the \w+? This code comes close, p = re.findall(r'((@|#)\w+)', str) But it returns [('@many', '@'), ('@this', '@'), ('#tweet', '#')] (notice the extra '@', '@', and '#'.

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  • python equivalent of filter() getting two output lists

    - by FX
    Let's say I have a list, and a filtering function. Using something like >>> filter(lambda x: x > 10, [1,4,12,7,42]) [12, 42] I can get the elements matching the criterion. Is there a function I could use that would output two lists, one of elements matching, one of the remaining elements? I could call the filter() function twice, but that's kinda ugly :) Edit: the order of elements should be conserved, and I may have identical elements multiple times.

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  • Python Continue Loop

    - by Rob B.
    I am using the following code from this tutorial (http://jeriwieringa.com/blog/2012/11/04/beautiful-soup-tutorial-part-1/). from bs4 import BeautifulSoup soup = BeautifulSoup (open("43rd-congress.html")) final_link = soup.p.a final_link.decompose() trs = soup.find_all('tr') for tr in trs: for link in tr.find_all('a'): fulllink = link.get ('href') print fulllink #print in terminal to verify results tds = tr.find_all("td") try: #we are using "try" because the table is not well formatted. This allows the program to continue after encountering an error. names = str(tds[0].get_text()) # This structure isolate the item by its column in the table and converts it into a string. years = str(tds[1].get_text()) positions = str(tds[2].get_text()) parties = str(tds[3].get_text()) states = str(tds[4].get_text()) congress = tds[5].get_text() except: print "bad tr string" continue #This tells the computer to move on to the next item after it encounters an error print names, years, positions, parties, states, congress However, I get an error saying that 'continue' is not properly in the loop on line 27. I am using notepad++ and windows powershell. How do I make this code work?

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  • Python structure mistake

    - by jaddy123
    I'm writing a program in which I can Reverse the sequence and Replace all As with Ts, all Cs with Gs, all Gs with Cs, and all Ts with As. the program is to read a sequence of bases and output the reverse complement sequence. I am having trouble to do it so can anyone please help me with this by having a look on my code: word = raw_input("Enter sequence: ") a = word.replace('A', 'T') b = word.replace('C', 'G') c = word.replace('G', 'C') d = word.replace('T', 'A') if a == word and b == word and c == word and d == word: print "Reverse complement sequence: ", word And I want this sort of output: Enter sequence: CGGTGATGCAAGG Reverse complement sequence: CCTTGCATCACCG Regards

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  • Python 3: list atributes within a class object

    - by MadSc13ntist
    is there a way that if the following class is created; I can grab a list of attributes that exist. (this class is just an bland example, it is not my task at hand) class new_class(): def __init__(self, number): self.multi = int(number) * 2 self.str = str(number) a = new_class(2) print(', '.join(a.SOMETHING)) * the attempt is that "multi, str" will print. the point here is that if a class object has attributes added at different parts of a script that I can grab a quick listing of the attributes which are defined.

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  • Simple check authentication decorator in Python + Pylons

    - by ensnare
    I'd like to write a simple decorator that I can put above functions in my controller to check authentication and re-direct to the login page if the current user is not authenticated. What is the best way to do this? Where should the decorator go? How should I pass cookie info to the decorator? Sample code is greatly appreciated. Thank you!

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  • Skip subdirectory in python import

    - by jstaab
    Ok, so I'm trying to change this: app/ - lib.py - models.py - blah.py Into this: app/ - __init__.py - lib.py - models/ - __init__.py - user.py - account.py - banana.py - blah.py And still be able to import my models using from app.models import User rather than having to change it to from app.models.user import User all over the place. Basically, I want everything to treat the package as a single module, but be able to navigate the code in separate files for development ease. The reason I can't do something like add for file in __all__: from file import * into init.py is I have circular references between the model files. A fix I don't want is to import those models from within the functions that use them. But that's super ugly. Let me give you an example: user.py ... from app.models import Banana ... banana.py ... from app.models import User ... I wrote a quick pre-processing script that grabs all the files, re-writes them to put imports at the top, and puts it into models.py, but that's hardly an improvement, since now my stack traces don't show the line number I actually need to change. Any ideas? I always though init was probably magical but now that I dig into it, I can't find anything that lets me provide myself this really simple convenience.

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