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• Waterfall Model (SDLC) vs. Prototyping Model

  The characters in the fable of the Tortoise and the Hare can easily be used to demonstrate the similarities and differences between the Waterfall and Prototyping software development models. This children fable is about a race between a consistently slow moving but steadfast turtle and an extremely fast but unreliable rabbit. After closely comparing each character’s attributes in correlation with both software development models, a trend seems to appear in that the Waterfall closely resembles the Tortoise in that Waterfall Model is typically a slow moving process that is broken up in to multiple sequential steps that must be executed in a standard linear pattern. The Tortoise can be quoted several times in the story saying “Slow and steady wins the race.” This is the perfect mantra for the Waterfall Model in that this model is seen as a cumbersome and slow moving. Waterfall Model Phases Requirement Analysis & Definition This phase focuses on defining requirements for a project that is to be developed and determining if the project is even feasible. Requirements are collected by analyzing existing systems and functionality in correlation with the needs of the business and the desires of the end users. The desired output for this phase is a list of specific requirements from the business that are to be designed and implemented in the subsequent steps. In addition this phase is used to determine if any value will be gained by completing the project. System Design This phase focuses primarily on the actual architectural design of a system, and how it will interact within itself and with other existing applications. Projects at this level should be viewed at a high level so that actual implementation details are decided in the implementation phase. However major environmental decision like hardware and platform decision are typically decided in this phase. Furthermore the basic goal of this phase is to design an application at the system level in those classes, interfaces, and interactions are defined. Additionally decisions about scalability, distribution and reliability should also be considered for all decisions. The desired output for this phase is a functional  design document that states all of the architectural decisions that have been made in regards to the project as well as a diagrams like a sequence and class diagrams. Software Design This phase focuses primarily on the refining of the decisions found in the functional design document. Classes and interfaces are further broken down in to logical modules based on the interfaces and interactions previously indicated. The output of this phase is a formal design document. Implementation / Coding This phase focuses primarily on implementing the previously defined modules in to units of code. These units are developed independently are intergraded as the system is put together as part of a whole system. Software Integration & Verification This phase primarily focuses on testing each of the units of code developed as well as testing the system as a whole. There are basic types of testing at this phase and they include: Unit Test and Integration Test. Unit Test are built to test the functionality of a code unit to ensure that it preforms its desired task. Integration testing test the system as a whole because it focuses on results of combining specific units of code and validating it against expected results. The output of this phase is a test plan that includes test with expected results and actual results. System Verification This phase primarily focuses on testing the system as a whole in regards to the list of project requirements and desired operating environment. Operation & Maintenance his phase primarily focuses on handing off the competed project over to the customer so that they can verify that all of their requirements have been met based on their original requirements. This phase will also validate the correctness of their requirements and if any changed need to be made. In addition, any problems not resolved in the previous phase will be handled in this section. The Waterfall Model’s linear and sequential methodology does offer a project certain advantages and disadvantages. Advantages of the Waterfall Model Simplistic to implement and execute for projects and/or company wide Limited demand on resources Large emphasis on documentation Disadvantages of the Waterfall Model Completed phases cannot be revisited regardless if issues arise within a project Accurate requirement are never gather prior to the completion of the requirement phase due to the lack of clarification in regards to client’s desires. Small changes or errors that arise in applications may cause additional problems The client cannot change any requirements once the requirements phase has been completed leaving them no options for changes as they see their requirements changes as the customers desires change. Excess documentation Phases are cumbersome and slow moving Learn more about the Major Process in the Sofware Development Life Cycle and Waterfall Model. Conversely, the Hare shares similar traits with the prototyping software development model in that ideas are rapidly converted to basic working examples and subsequent changes are made to quickly align the project with customers desires as they are formulated and as software strays from the customers vision. The basic concept of prototyping is to eliminate the use of well-defined project requirements. Projects are allowed to grow as the customer needs and request grow. Projects are initially designed according to basic requirements and are refined as requirement become more refined. This process allows customer to feel their way around the application to ensure that they are developing exactly what they want in the application This model also works well for determining the feasibility of certain approaches in regards to an application. Prototypes allow for quickly developing examples of implementing specific functionality based on certain techniques. Advantages of Prototyping Active participation from users and customers Allows customers to change their mind in specifying requirements Customers get a better understanding of the system as it is developed Earlier bug/error detection Promotes communication with customers Prototype could be used as final production Reduced time needed to develop applications compared to the Waterfall method Disadvantages of Prototyping Promotes constantly redefining project requirements that cause major system rewrites Potential for increased complexity of a system as scope of the system expands Customer could believe the prototype as the working version. Implementation compromises could increase the complexity when applying updates and or application fixes When companies trying to decide between the Waterfall model and Prototype model they need to evaluate the benefits and disadvantages for both models. Typically smaller companies or projects that have major time constraints typically head for more of a Prototype model approach because it can reduce the time needed to complete the project because there is more of a focus on building a project and less on defining requirements and scope prior to the start of a project. On the other hand, Companies with well-defined requirements and time allowed to generate proper documentation should steer towards more of a waterfall model because they are in a position to obtain clarified requirements and have to design and optimal solution prior to the start of coding on a project.

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• I see no LOBs!

  - by Paul White

  Is it possible to see LOB (large object) logical reads from STATISTICS IO output on a table with no LOB columns? I was asked this question today by someone who had spent a good fraction of their afternoon trying to work out why this was occurring – even going so far as to re-run DBCC CHECKDB to see if any corruption had taken place.  The table in question wasn’t particularly pretty – it had grown somewhat organically over time, with new columns being added every so often as the need arose.  Nevertheless, it remained a simple structure with no LOB columns – no TEXT or IMAGE, no XML, no MAX types – nothing aside from ordinary INT, MONEY, VARCHAR, and DATETIME types.  To add to the air of mystery, not every query that ran against the table would report LOB logical reads – just sometimes – but when it did, the query often took much longer to execute. Ok, enough of the pre-amble.  I can’t reproduce the exact structure here, but the following script creates a table that will serve to demonstrate the effect: IF OBJECT_ID(N'dbo.Test', N'U') IS NOT NULL DROP TABLE dbo.Test GO CREATE TABLE dbo.Test ( row_id NUMERIC IDENTITY NOT NULL,   col01 NVARCHAR(450) NOT NULL, col02 NVARCHAR(450) NOT NULL, col03 NVARCHAR(450) NOT NULL, col04 NVARCHAR(450) NOT NULL, col05 NVARCHAR(450) NOT NULL, col06 NVARCHAR(450) NOT NULL, col07 NVARCHAR(450) NOT NULL, col08 NVARCHAR(450) NOT NULL, col09 NVARCHAR(450) NOT NULL, col10 NVARCHAR(450) NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT [PK dbo.Test row_id] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (row_id) ) ; The next script loads the ten variable-length character columns with one-character strings in the first row, two-character strings in the second row, and so on down to the 450th row: WITH Numbers AS ( -- Generates numbers 1 - 450 inclusive SELECT TOP (450) n = ROW_NUMBER() OVER (ORDER BY (SELECT 0)) FROM master.sys.columns C1, master.sys.columns C2, master.sys.columns C3 ORDER BY n ASC ) INSERT dbo.Test WITH (TABLOCKX) SELECT REPLICATE(N'A', N.n), REPLICATE(N'B', N.n), REPLICATE(N'C', N.n), REPLICATE(N'D', N.n), REPLICATE(N'E', N.n), REPLICATE(N'F', N.n), REPLICATE(N'G', N.n), REPLICATE(N'H', N.n), REPLICATE(N'I', N.n), REPLICATE(N'J', N.n) FROM Numbers AS N ORDER BY N.n ASC ; Once those two scripts have run, the table contains 450 rows and 10 columns of data like this: Most of the time, when we query data from this table, we don’t see any LOB logical reads, for example: -- Find the maximum length of the data in -- column 5 for a range of rows SELECT result = MAX(DATALENGTH(T.col05)) FROM dbo.Test AS T WHERE row_id BETWEEN 50 AND 100 ; But with a different query… -- Read all the data in column 1 SELECT result = MAX(DATALENGTH(T.col01)) FROM dbo.Test AS T ; …suddenly we have 49 LOB logical reads, as well as the ‘normal’ logical reads we would expect. The Explanation If we had tried to create this table in SQL Server 2000, we would have received a warning message to say that future INSERT or UPDATE operations on the table might fail if the resulting row exceeded the in-row storage limit of 8060 bytes.  If we needed to store more data than would fit in an 8060 byte row (including internal overhead) we had to use a LOB column – TEXT, NTEXT, or IMAGE.  These special data types store the large data values in a separate structure, with just a small pointer left in the original row. Row Overflow SQL Server 2005 introduced a feature called row overflow, which allows one or more variable-length columns in a row to move to off-row storage if the data in a particular row would otherwise exceed 8060 bytes.  You no longer receive a warning when creating (or altering) a table that might need more than 8060 bytes of in-row storage; if SQL Server finds that it can no longer fit a variable-length column in a particular row, it will silently move one or more of these columns off the row into a separate allocation unit. Only variable-length columns can be moved in this way (for example the (N)VARCHAR, VARBINARY, and SQL_VARIANT types).  Fixed-length columns (like INTEGER and DATETIME for example) never move into ‘row overflow’ storage.  The decision to move a column off-row is done on a row-by-row basis – so data in a particular column might be stored in-row for some table records, and off-row for others. In general, if SQL Server finds that it needs to move a column into row-overflow storage, it moves the largest variable-length column record for that row.  Note that in the case of an UPDATE statement that results in the 8060 byte limit being exceeded, it might not be the column that grew that is moved! Sneaky LOBs Anyway, that’s all very interesting but I don’t want to get too carried away with the intricacies of row-overflow storage internals.  The point is that it is now possible to define a table with non-LOB columns that will silently exceed the old row-size limit and result in ordinary variable-length columns being moved to off-row storage.  Adding new columns to a table, expanding an existing column definition, or simply storing more data in a column than you used to – all these things can result in one or more variable-length columns being moved off the row. Note that row-overflow storage is logically quite different from old-style LOB and new-style MAX data type storage – individual variable-length columns are still limited to 8000 bytes each – you can just have more of them now.  Having said that, the physical mechanisms involved are very similar to full LOB storage – a column moved to row-overflow leaves a 24-byte pointer record in the row, and the ‘separate storage’ I have been talking about is structured very similarly to both old-style LOBs and new-style MAX types.  The disadvantages are also the same: when SQL Server needs a row-overflow column value it needs to follow the in-row pointer a navigate another chain of pages, just like retrieving a traditional LOB. And Finally… In the example script presented above, the rows with row_id values from 402 to 450 inclusive all exceed the total in-row storage limit of 8060 bytes.  A SELECT that references a column in one of those rows that has moved to off-row storage will incur one or more lob logical reads as the storage engine locates the data.  The results on your system might vary slightly depending on your settings, of course; but in my tests only column 1 in rows 402-450 moved off-row.  You might like to play around with the script – updating columns, changing data type lengths, and so on – to see the effect on lob logical reads and which columns get moved when.  You might even see row-overflow columns moving back in-row if they are updated to be smaller (hint: reduce the size of a column entry by at least 1000 bytes if you hope to see this). Be aware that SQL Server will not warn you when it moves ‘ordinary’ variable-length columns into overflow storage, and it can have dramatic effects on performance.  It makes more sense than ever to choose column data types sensibly.  If you make every column a VARCHAR(8000) or NVARCHAR(4000), and someone stores data that results in a row needing more than 8060 bytes, SQL Server might turn some of your column data into pseudo-LOBs – all without saying a word. Finally, some people make a distinction between ordinary LOBs (those that can hold up to 2GB of data) and the LOB-like structures created by row-overflow (where columns are still limited to 8000 bytes) by referring to row-overflow LOBs as SLOBs.  I find that quite appealing, but the ‘S’ stands for ‘small’, which makes expanding the whole acronym a little daft-sounding…small large objects anyone? © Paul White 2011 email: [email protected] twitter: @SQL_Kiwi

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• Oracle B2B - Synchronous Request Reply

  - by cdwright

  Introduction So first off, let me say I didn't create this demo (although I did modify it some). I got it from a member of the B2B development technical staff. Since it came with only a simple readme file, I thought I would take some time and write a more detailed explanation about how it works. Beginning with Oracle SOA Suite PS5 (11.1.1.6), B2B supports synchronous request reply over http using the b2b/syncreceiver servlet. I’m attaching the demo to this blog which includes a SOA composite archive that needs to be deployed using JDeveloper, a B2B repository with two agreements that need to be deployed using the B2B console, and a test xml file that gets sent to the b2b/syncreceiver servlet using your favorite SOAP test tool (I'm using Firefox Poster here). You can download the zip file containing the demo here. The demo works by sending the sample xml request file (req.xml) to http://<b2bhost>:8001/b2b/syncreceiver using the SOAP test tool.  The syncreceiver servlet keeps the socket connection open between itself and the test tool so that it can synchronously send the reply message back. When B2B receives the inbound request message, it is passed to the SOA composite through the default B2B Fabric binding. A simple reply is created in BPEL and returned to B2B which then sends the message back to the test tool using that same socket connection. I’ll show you the B2B configuration first, then we’ll look at the soa composite. Configuring B2B No additional configuration necessary in order to use the syncreceiver servlet. It is already running when you start SOA. After importing the GC_SyncReqRep.zip repository file into B2B, you’ll have the typical GlobalChips host trading partner and the Acme remote trading partner. Document Management The repository contains two very simple custom XML document definitions called Orders and OrdersResponse. In order to determine the trading partner agreement needed to process the inbound Orders document, you need to know two things about it; what is it and where it came from. So let’s look at how B2B identifies the appropriate document definition for the message. The XSD’s for these two document definitions themselves are not particularly interesting. Whenever you're dealing with custom XML documents, B2B identifies the appropriate document definition for each XML message using an XPath Identification Expression. The expression is entered for each of these document definitions under the document administration tab in the B2B console. The full XPATH expression for the Orders document is  //*[local-name()='shiporder']/*[local-name()='shipto']/*[local-name()='name']/text(). You can see this path in the XSD diagram below and how it uniquely identifies this message. The OrdersReponse document is identified in the same way. The XPath expression for it is //*[local-name()='Response']/*[local-name()='Status']/text(). You can see how it’s path differs uniquely identifying the reply from the request. Trading Partner Profile The trading partner profiles are very simple too. For GlobalChips, a generic identifier is being used to identify the sender of the response document using the host trading partner name. For Acme, a generic identifier is also being used to identify the sender of the inbound request using the remote trading partner name. The document types are added for the remote trading partner as usual. So the remote trading partner Acme is the sender of the Orders document, and it is the receiver of the OrdersResponse document. For the remote trading partner only, there needs to be a dummy channel which gets used in the outbound response agreement. The channel is not actually used. It is just a necessary place holder that needs to be there when creating the agreement. Trading Partner Agreement The agreements are equally simple. There is no validation and translation is not an option for a custom XML document type. For the InboundAgreement (request) the document definition is set to OrdersDef. In the Agreement Parameters section the generic identifiers have been added for the host and remote trading partners. That’s all that is needed for the inbound transaction. For the OutboundAgreement (response), the document definition is set to OrdersResponseDef and the generic identifiers for the two trading partners are added. The remote trading partner dummy delivery channel is also added to the agreement. SOA Composite Import the SOA composite archive into JDeveloper as an EJB JAR file. Open the composite and you should have a project that looks like this. In the composite, open the b2bInboundSyncSvc exposed service and advance through the setup wizard. Select your Application Server Connection and advance to the Operations window. Notice here that the B2B binding is set to Receive. It is not set for Synchronous Request Reply. Continue advancing through the wizard as you normally would and select finish at the end. Now open BPELProcess1 in the composite. The BPEL process is set as a Synchronous Request Reply as you can see below. The while loop is there just to give the process something to do. The actual reply message is prepared in the assignResponseValues assignment followed by an Invoke of the B2B binding. Open the replyResponse Invoke and go to the properties tab. You’ll see that the fromTradingPartnerId, toTradingPartner, documentTypeName, and documentProtocolRevision properties have been set. Testing the Configuration To test the configuration, I used Firefox Poster. Enter the URL for the b2b/syncreceiver servlet and browse for the req.xml file that contains the test request message. In the Headers tab, add the property ‘from’ and give it the value ‘Acme’. This is how B2B will know where the message is coming from and it will use that information along with the document type name to find the right trading partner agreement. Now post the message. You should get back a response with a status of ‘200 OK’. That’s all there is to it.

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• The Clocks on USACO

  - by philip

  I submitted my code for a question on USACO titled "The Clocks". This is the link to the question: http://ace.delos.com/usacoprob2?a=wj7UqN4l7zk&S=clocks This is the output: Compiling... Compile: OK Executing... Test 1: TEST OK [0.173 secs, 13928 KB] Test 2: TEST OK [0.130 secs, 13928 KB] Test 3: TEST OK [0.583 secs, 13928 KB] Test 4: TEST OK [0.965 secs, 13928 KB] Run 5: Execution error: Your program (`clocks') used more than the allotted runtime of 1 seconds (it ended or was stopped at 1.584 seconds) when presented with test case 5. It used 13928 KB of memory. ------ Data for Run 5 ------ 6 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 ---------------------------- Your program printed data to stdout. Here is the data: ------------------- time:_0.40928452 ------------------- Test 5: RUNTIME 1.5841 (13928 KB) I wrote my program so that it will print out the time taken (in seconds) for the program to complete before it exits. As can be seen, it took 0.40928452 seconds before exiting. So how the heck did the runtime end up to be 1.584 seconds? What should I do about it? This is the code if it helps: import java.io.; import java.util.; class clocks { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { long start = System.nanoTime(); // Use BufferedReader rather than RandomAccessFile; it's much faster BufferedReader f = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("clocks.in")); // input file name goes above PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("clocks.out"))); // Use StringTokenizer vs. readLine/split -- lots faster int[] clock = new int[9]; for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) { StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(f.readLine()); // Get line, break into tokens clock[i * 3] = Integer.parseInt(st.nextToken()); clock[i * 3 + 1] = Integer.parseInt(st.nextToken()); clock[i * 3 + 2] = Integer.parseInt(st.nextToken()); } ArrayList validCombination = new ArrayList();; for (int i = 1; true; i++) { ArrayList combination = getPossibleCombinations(i); for (int j = 0; j < combination.size(); j++) { if (tryCombination(clock, (int[]) combination.get(j))) { validCombination.add(combination.get(j)); } } if (validCombination.size() > 0) { break; } } int [] min = (int[])validCombination.get(0); if (validCombination.size() > 1){ String minS = ""; for (int i=0; i<min.length; i++) minS += min[i]; for (int i=1; i<validCombination.size(); i++){ String tempS = ""; int [] temp = (int[])validCombination.get(i); for (int j=0; j<temp.length; j++) tempS += temp[j]; if (tempS.compareTo(minS) < 0){ minS = tempS; min = temp; } } } for (int i=0; i<min.length-1; i++) out.print(min[i] + " "); out.println(min[min.length-1]); out.close(); // close the output file long end = System.nanoTime(); System.out.println("time: " + (end-start)/1000000000.0); System.exit(0); // don't omit this! } static boolean tryCombination(int[] clock, int[] steps) { int[] temp = Arrays.copyOf(clock, clock.length); for (int i = 0; i < steps.length; i++) transform(temp, steps[i]); for (int i=0; i<temp.length; i++) if (temp[i] != 12) return false; return true; } static void transform(int[] clock, int n) { if (n == 1) { int[] clocksToChange = {0, 1, 3, 4}; add3(clock, clocksToChange); } else if (n == 2) { int[] clocksToChange = {0, 1, 2}; add3(clock, clocksToChange); } else if (n == 3) { int[] clocksToChange = {1, 2, 4, 5}; add3(clock, clocksToChange); } else if (n == 4) { int[] clocksToChange = {0, 3, 6}; add3(clock, clocksToChange); } else if (n == 5) { int[] clocksToChange = {1, 3, 4, 5, 7}; add3(clock, clocksToChange); } else if (n == 6) { int[] clocksToChange = {2, 5, 8}; add3(clock, clocksToChange); } else if (n == 7) { int[] clocksToChange = {3, 4, 6, 7}; add3(clock, clocksToChange); } else if (n == 8) { int[] clocksToChange = {6, 7, 8}; add3(clock, clocksToChange); } else if (n == 9) { int[] clocksToChange = {4, 5, 7, 8}; add3(clock, clocksToChange); } } static void add3(int[] clock, int[] position) { for (int i = 0; i < position.length; i++) { if (clock[position[i]] != 12) { clock[position[i]] += 3; } else { clock[position[i]] = 3; } } } static ArrayList getPossibleCombinations(int size) { ArrayList l = new ArrayList(); int[] current = new int[size]; for (int i = 0; i < current.length; i++) { current[i] = 1; } int[] end = new int[size]; for (int i = 0; i < end.length; i++) { end[i] = 9; } l.add(Arrays.copyOf(current, size)); while (!Arrays.equals(current, end)) { incrementWithoutRepetition(current, current.length - 1); l.add(Arrays.copyOf(current, size)); } int [][] combination = new int[l.size()][size]; for (int i=0; i<l.size(); i++) combination[i] = (int[])l.get(i); return l; } static int incrementWithoutRepetition(int[] n, int index) { if (n[index] != 9) { n[index]++; return n[index]; } else { n[index] = incrementWithoutRepetition(n, index - 1); return n[index]; } } static void p(int[] n) { for (int i = 0; i < n.length; i++) { System.out.print(n[i] + " "); } System.out.println(""); } }

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• Traditional IO vs memory-mapped

  - by Senne

  I'm trying to illustrate the difference in performance between traditional IO and memory mapped files in java to students. I found an example somewhere on internet but not everything is clear to me, I don't even think all steps are nececery. I read a lot about it here and there but I'm not convinced about a correct implementation of neither of them. The code I try to understand is: public class FileCopy{ public static void main(String args[]){ if (args.length < 1){ System.out.println(" Wrong usage!"); System.out.println(" Correct usage is : java FileCopy <large file with full path>"); System.exit(0); } String inFileName = args[0]; File inFile = new File(inFileName); if (inFile.exists() != true){ System.out.println(inFileName + " does not exist!"); System.exit(0); } try{ new FileCopy().memoryMappedCopy(inFileName, inFileName+".new" ); new FileCopy().customBufferedCopy(inFileName, inFileName+".new1"); }catch(FileNotFoundException fne){ fne.printStackTrace(); }catch(IOException ioe){ ioe.printStackTrace(); }catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } } public void memoryMappedCopy(String fromFile, String toFile ) throws Exception{ long timeIn = new Date().getTime(); // read input file RandomAccessFile rafIn = new RandomAccessFile(fromFile, "rw"); FileChannel fcIn = rafIn.getChannel(); ByteBuffer byteBuffIn = fcIn.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE, 0,(int) fcIn.size()); fcIn.read(byteBuffIn); byteBuffIn.flip(); RandomAccessFile rafOut = new RandomAccessFile(toFile, "rw"); FileChannel fcOut = rafOut.getChannel(); ByteBuffer writeMap = fcOut.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE,0,(int) fcIn.size()); writeMap.put(byteBuffIn); long timeOut = new Date().getTime(); System.out.println("Memory mapped copy Time for a file of size :" + (int) fcIn.size() +" is "+(timeOut-timeIn)); fcOut.close(); fcIn.close(); } static final int CHUNK_SIZE = 100000; static final char[] inChars = new char[CHUNK_SIZE]; public static void customBufferedCopy(String fromFile, String toFile) throws IOException{ long timeIn = new Date().getTime(); Reader in = new FileReader(fromFile); Writer out = new FileWriter(toFile); while (true) { synchronized (inChars) { int amountRead = in.read(inChars); if (amountRead == -1) { break; } out.write(inChars, 0, amountRead); } } long timeOut = new Date().getTime(); System.out.println("Custom buffered copy Time for a file of size :" + (int) new File(fromFile).length() +" is "+(timeOut-timeIn)); in.close(); out.close(); } } When exactly is it nececary to use RandomAccessFile? Here it is used to read and write in the memoryMappedCopy, is it actually nececary just to copy a file at all? Or is it a part of memorry mapping? In customBufferedCopy, why is synchronized used here? I also found a different example that -should- test the performance between the 2: public class MappedIO { private static int numOfInts = 4000000; private static int numOfUbuffInts = 200000; private abstract static class Tester { private String name; public Tester(String name) { this.name = name; } public long runTest() { System.out.print(name + ": "); try { long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); test(); long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); return (endTime - startTime); } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } public abstract void test() throws IOException; } private static Tester[] tests = { new Tester("Stream Write") { public void test() throws IOException { DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream( new BufferedOutputStream( new FileOutputStream(new File("temp.tmp")))); for(int i = 0; i < numOfInts; i++) dos.writeInt(i); dos.close(); } }, new Tester("Mapped Write") { public void test() throws IOException { FileChannel fc = new RandomAccessFile("temp.tmp", "rw") .getChannel(); IntBuffer ib = fc.map( FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE, 0, fc.size()) .asIntBuffer(); for(int i = 0; i < numOfInts; i++) ib.put(i); fc.close(); } }, new Tester("Stream Read") { public void test() throws IOException { DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream( new BufferedInputStream( new FileInputStream("temp.tmp"))); for(int i = 0; i < numOfInts; i++) dis.readInt(); dis.close(); } }, new Tester("Mapped Read") { public void test() throws IOException { FileChannel fc = new FileInputStream( new File("temp.tmp")).getChannel(); IntBuffer ib = fc.map( FileChannel.MapMode.READ_ONLY, 0, fc.size()) .asIntBuffer(); while(ib.hasRemaining()) ib.get(); fc.close(); } }, new Tester("Stream Read/Write") { public void test() throws IOException { RandomAccessFile raf = new RandomAccessFile( new File("temp.tmp"), "rw"); raf.writeInt(1); for(int i = 0; i < numOfUbuffInts; i++) { raf.seek(raf.length() - 4); raf.writeInt(raf.readInt()); } raf.close(); } }, new Tester("Mapped Read/Write") { public void test() throws IOException { FileChannel fc = new RandomAccessFile( new File("temp.tmp"), "rw").getChannel(); IntBuffer ib = fc.map( FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE, 0, fc.size()) .asIntBuffer(); ib.put(0); for(int i = 1; i < numOfUbuffInts; i++) ib.put(ib.get(i - 1)); fc.close(); } } }; public static void main(String[] args) { for(int i = 0; i < tests.length; i++) System.out.println(tests[i].runTest()); } } I more or less see whats going on, my output looks like this: Stream Write: 653 Mapped Write: 51 Stream Read: 651 Mapped Read: 40 Stream Read/Write: 14481 Mapped Read/Write: 6 What is makeing the Stream Read/Write so unbelievably long? And as a read/write test, to me it looks a bit pointless to read the same integer over and over (if I understand well what's going on in the Stream Read/Write) Wouldn't it be better to read int's from the previously written file and just read and write ints on the same place? Is there a better way to illustrate it? I've been breaking my head about a lot of these things for a while and I just can't get the whole picture..

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• Using jQuery validation plugin with tabbed navigation

  - by user3438917

  I have a tabbed navigation wizard, for which the first section needs to be validated before proceeding to the next tab. The validation should trigger when the user hits the "next" button. I am unable to get the validation to trigger though: <form id="target-group" novalidate="novalidate"> <div class="box"> <div class='box-header-main'><h2><img src="assets/img/list.png" /> Target Group Information</h2></div> <br /> <div class='box'> <div class='box-header-property'><h2><span data-bind="text:Name">New Target Group</span> | <i class='fa fa-file'></i></h2></div> <br /> <div class='row'> <div id='flight-wizard'> <div id='content' class='col-lg-12'> <div class='col-lg-12'> <div id='tabs'> <ul> <li id="targetgroup-info-tab"><a href='#tabs-1'><i class="fa fa-info-circle"></i>Target Group Info</a></li> <li id="zone-tab"><a href='#tabs-2'><i class="fa fa-map-marker"></i>Zones</a></li> </ul> <div id='tabs-1'> <div class='row'> <div class='col-xs-6'> <div class='form-group'> Name^* <input id="selectError0" name="name" class='form-control col-xs-12' data-bind="value: asdf" placeholder='Enter Name ...' /> </div> <form class='form-horizontal'> <div class='form-group'> Product(s)^* <div class='controls' id='products'> <select id='selectError3' class='form-control' data-bind="options:test, optionsText: 'Name', optionsValue : 'test', value: test, optionsCaption: 'Choose Product...'"></select> </div> </div> </form> </div> <!--RIGHT PANE--> <div class='col-xs-6'> <div class='form-group'> Platform^* <div class='controls'> <select id="selectError2" class='form-control' data-bind="options:test, optionsText: 'Name', optionsValue: 'test', value : test, optionsCaption: 'Choose Platform...'"></select> </div> </div> <form class='form-horizontal'> <div class='form-group'> AdTypes(s)^* <div class='controls' id='adtypes'> <select multiple="" id='adtypesselect' class='form-control' data-rel="chosen" data-bind="options:test, optionsText: 'Name', optionsValue : 'test', selectedOptions: test, optionsCaption: 'test...'"></select> </div> </div> </form> <button id="btn_cancel_large" class='btn btn-large btn-primary btn-round'><i class='fa fa-ban' /></i> Cancel</button> <button id="btn-next-large" class='btn btn-large btn-primary btn-round'>Next <i class='fa fa-arrow-circle-right'></i></button> </div> <!--end of right pane--> </div> </div> <div id='tabs-2'> <div class='row'> <div class='col-lg-12'> <div class='row'> <div class='col-lg-12'> <div id='zones_list' class='box-content'> <div id='add-new-targetgroupzone' class='add-new'><i class='fa fa-plus-circle'></i><a href='/#/inventory/targeting/' onclick="return false;">Add Zone</a></div> <table id="results" width="100%"> <thead> <tr> <th>Publisher</th> <th>Property</th> <th>Zone</th> <th>AdTypes</th> <th width='10%'>Quick&nbsp;Actions</th> </tr> </thead> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <br /> <div class="btn_row"> <button id="btn_cancel_large2" class='btn btn-large btn-primary btn-round'><i class='fa fa-ban' /></i> Cancel</button> <button id="btn-submit-large" class='btn btn-large btn-primary btn-round'>Submit <i class='fa fa-arrow-circle-down'></i></button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </form> <form id="zones-form" style="display: none;" novalidate="novalidate" class="slideup-form"> <div class="box"> <div class="box-header-panel"> <h2>Add Target Group Zone</h2> <div class="box-icon" id="zones-form-close"> <i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-down"></i> </div> </div> <div class="box-content clearfix"> <div class="box-content"> <table id="zones-list" width="100%"> <thead> <tr> <th>Publisher</th> <th>Property</th> <th>Zone</th> <th>AdTypes</th> <th width='10%'>Quick&nbsp;Actions</th> </tr> </thead> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> </form> jQuery: $("#target-group").validate({ rules: { name: { required: true } }, messages: { name: "Name required", } }); $('#btn-next-large').click(function () { if ($('#target-group').valid()) $tabs.tabs('select', $(this).attr("rel")); });

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• Is it Possible to show a previously hidden JFrame using a keylistener

  - by JIM

  here is my code, i basically just did a tester for the most common listeners, which i might later use in future projects, the main problem is in the keylistener at the bottom, i am trying to re-show the frame but i think it just cant be done that way, please help ps: no idea why the imports dont show up right. package newpackage; import java.awt.Color; import javax.swing.JButton; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JLabel; import javax.swing.JTextField; import javax.swing.JSeparator; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.KeyEvent; import java.awt.event.KeyListener; import java.awt.event.MouseEvent; import java.awt.event.MouseListener; import javax.swing.JTextArea; import javax.swing.SwingUtilities; import javax.swing.UIManager; public class NewClass1 extends JFrame { private JLabel item1,infomouse,infoclicks,infoKeys,writehere; private JButton button1,button2,button3; private JTextArea text1,status,KeyStatus; private JTextField text2,text3,mouse,clicks,test; private JSeparator sep1; private int clicknumber; public NewClass1() { super("Listener Tests"); setLayout(null); sep1 = new JSeparator(); button1 = new JButton("Button1"); button2 = new JButton("Button2"); button3 = new JButton("Button3"); item1 = new JLabel("Button Status :"); infomouse = new JLabel("Mouse Status :"); infoclicks = new JLabel("Nº of clicks :"); infoKeys = new JLabel("Keyboard status:"); writehere = new JLabel("Write here: "); text1 = new JTextArea(); text2 = new JTextField(20); text3 = new JTextField(20); status = new JTextArea(); mouse = new JTextField(20); clicks = new JTextField(4); KeyStatus = new JTextArea(); test = new JTextField(3); clicks.setText(String.valueOf(clicknumber)); text1.setEditable(true); text2.setEditable(false); text3.setEditable(false); status.setEditable(false); mouse.setEditable(false); clicks.setEditable(false); KeyStatus.setEditable(false); text1.setBounds(135, 310, 150, 20); text2.setBounds(135, 330, 150, 20); text3.setBounds(135, 350, 150, 20); status.setBounds(15, 20, 240, 20); infomouse.setBounds(5,45,120,20); infoKeys.setBounds(5,90,120,20); KeyStatus.setBounds(15,115,240,85); test.setBounds(15,225,240,20); mouse.setBounds(15,70,100,20); infoclicks.setBounds(195, 45, 140, 20); clicks.setBounds(195, 70, 60, 20); item1.setBounds(5, 0, 120, 20); button1.setBounds(10, 310, 115, 20); button2.setBounds(10, 330, 115, 20); button3.setBounds(10, 350, 115, 20); sep1.setBounds(5, 305, 285, 10); sep1.setBackground(Color.BLACK); status.setBackground(Color.LIGHT_GRAY); button1.addActionListener(new button1list()); button2.addActionListener(new button1list()); button3.addActionListener(new button1list()); button1.addMouseListener(new MouseList()); button2.addMouseListener(new MouseList()); button3.addMouseListener(new MouseList()); getContentPane().addMouseListener(new MouseList()); test.addKeyListener(new KeyList()); this.addKeyListener(new KeyList()); test.requestFocus(); add(item1); add(button1); add(button2); add(button3); add(text1); add(text2); add(text3); add(status); add(infomouse); add(mouse); add(infoclicks); add(clicks); add(infoKeys); add(KeyStatus); add(test); add(sep1); setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); try{ UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName()); }catch (Exception e){System.out.println("Error");} SwingUtilities.updateComponentTreeUI(this); setSize(300, 400); setResizable(false); setVisible(true); test.setFocusable(true); test.setFocusTraversalKeysEnabled(false); setLocationRelativeTo(null); } public class button1list implements ActionListener { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { String buttonpressed = e.getActionCommand(); if (buttonpressed.equals("Button1")) { text1.setText("just"); } else if (buttonpressed.equals("Button2")) { text2.setText(text2.getText()+"testing "); } else if (buttonpressed.equals("Button3")) { text3.setText("this"); } } } public class MouseList implements MouseListener{ public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e){ if(e.getSource()==button1){ status.setText("button 1 hovered"); } else if(e.getSource()==button2){ status.setText("button 2 hovered"); } else if(e.getSource()==button3){ status.setText("button 3 hovered"); } } public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e){ status.setText(""); } public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e){ if(!status.getText().equals("")){ status.replaceRange("", 0, 22); } } public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e){ if(e.getSource()==button1){ status.setText("button 1 being pressed"); } else if(e.getSource()==button2){ status.setText("button 2 being pressed"); } else if(e.getSource()==button3){ status.setText("button 3 being pressed"); } } public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e){ clicknumber++; mouse.setText("mouse working"); clicks.setText(String.valueOf(clicknumber)); } } public class KeyList implements KeyListener{ public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e){} public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e){ KeyStatus.setText(""); test.setText(""); String full = e.paramString(); String [] temp = null; temp = full.split(","); for(int i=0; i<7 ;i++){ KeyStatus.append(temp[i] + "\n"); } if(e.getKeyChar()=='h'){setVisible(false); test.requestFocus(); } if(e.getKeyChar()=='s'){setVisible(true);} } public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e){} } }

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• Scripting with the Sun ZFS Storage 7000 Appliance

  - by Geoff Ongley

  The Sun ZFS Storage 7000 appliance has a user friendly and easy to understand graphical web based interface we call the "BUI" or "Browser User Interface".This interface is very useful for many tasks, but in some cases a script (or workflow) may be more appropriate, such as:Repetitive tasksTasks which work on (or obtain information about) a large number of shares or usersTasks which are triggered by an alert threshold (workflows)Tasks where you want a only very basic input, but a consistent output (workflows)The appliance scripting language is based on ECMAscript 3 (close to javascript). I'm not going to cover ECMAscript 3 in great depth (I'm far from an expert here), but I would like to show you some neat things you can do with the appliance, to get you started based on what I have found from my own playing around.I'm making the assumption you have some sort of programming background, and understand variables, arrays, functions to some extent - but of course if something is not clear, please let me know so I can fix it up or clarify it.Variable Declarations and ArraysVariablesECMAScript is a dynamically and weakly typed language. If you don't know what that means, google is your friend - but at a high level it means we can just declare variables with no specific type and on the fly.For example, I can declare a variable and use it straight away in the middle of my code, for example:projects=list();Which makes projects an array of values that are returned from the list(); function (which is usable in most contexts). With this kind of variable, I can do things like:projects.length (this property on array tells you how many objects are in it, good for for loops etc). Alternatively, I could say:projects=3;and now projects is just a simple number.Should we declare variables like this so loosely? In my opinion, the answer is no - I feel it is a better practice to declare variables you are going to use, before you use them - and given them an initial value. You can do so as follows:var myVariable=0;To demonstrate the ability to just randomly assign and change the type of variables, you can create a simple script at the cli as follows (bold for input):fishy10:> script("." to run)> run("cd /");("." to run)> run ("shares");("." to run)> var projects;("." to run)> projects=list();("." to run)> printf("Number of projects is: %d\n",projects.length);("." to run)> projects=152;("." to run)> printf("Value of the projects variable as an integer is now: %d\n",projects);("." to run)> .Number of projects is: 7Value of the projects variable as an integer is now: 152You can also confirm this behaviour by checking the typeof variable we are dealing with:fishy10:> script("." to run)> run("cd /");("." to run)> run ("shares");("." to run)> var projects;("." to run)> projects=list();("." to run)> printf("var projects is of type %s\n",typeof(projects));("." to run)> projects=152;("." to run)> printf("var projects is of type %s\n",typeof(projects));("." to run)> .var projects is of type objectvar projects is of type numberArraysSo you likely noticed that we have already touched on arrays, as the list(); (in the shares context) stored an array into the 'projects' variable.But what if you want to declare your own array? Easy! This is very similar to Java and other languages, we just instantiate a brand new "Array" object using the keyword new:var myArray = new Array();will create an array called "myArray".A quick example:fishy10:> script("." to run)> testArray = new Array();("." to run)> testArray[0]="This";("." to run)> testArray[1]="is";("." to run)> testArray[2]="just";("." to run)> testArray[3]="a";("." to run)> testArray[4]="test";("." to run)> for (i=0; i < testArray.length; i++)("." to run)> {("." to run)>    printf("Array element %d is %s\n",i,testArray[i]);("." to run)> }("." to run)> .Array element 0 is ThisArray element 1 is isArray element 2 is justArray element 3 is aArray element 4 is testWorking With LoopsFor LoopFor loops are very similar to those you will see in C, java and several other languages. One of the key differences here is, as you were made aware earlier, we can be a bit more sloppy with our variable declarations.The general way you would likely use a for loop is as follows:for (variable; test-case; modifier for variable){}For example, you may wish to declare a variable i as 0; and a MAX_ITERATIONS variable to determine how many times this loop should repeat:var i=0;var MAX_ITERATIONS=10;And then, use this variable to be tested against some case existing (has i reached MAX_ITERATIONS? - if not, increment i using i++);for (i=0; i < MAX_ITERATIONS; i++){ // some work to do}So lets run something like this on the appliance:fishy10:> script("." to run)> var i=0;("." to run)> var MAX_ITERATIONS=10;("." to run)> for (i=0; i < MAX_ITERATIONS; i++)("." to run)> {("." to run)>    printf("The number is %d\n",i);("." to run)> }("." to run)> .The number is 0The number is 1The number is 2The number is 3The number is 4The number is 5The number is 6The number is 7The number is 8The number is 9While LoopWhile loops again are very similar to other languages, we loop "while" a condition is met. For example:fishy10:> script("." to run)> var isTen=false;("." to run)> var counter=0;("." to run)> while(isTen==false)("." to run)> {("." to run)>    if (counter==10) ("." to run)>    { ("." to run)>            isTen=true;   ("." to run)>    } ("." to run)>    printf("Counter is %d\n",counter);("." to run)>    counter++;    ("." to run)> }("." to run)> printf("Loop has ended and Counter is %d\n",counter);("." to run)> .Counter is 0Counter is 1Counter is 2Counter is 3Counter is 4Counter is 5Counter is 6Counter is 7Counter is 8Counter is 9Counter is 10Loop has ended and Counter is 11So what do we notice here? Something has actually gone wrong - counter will technically be 11 once the loop completes... Why is this?Well, if we have a loop like this, where the 'while' condition that will end the loop may be set based on some other condition(s) existing (such as the counter has reached 10) - we must ensure that we  terminate this iteration of the loop when the condition is met - otherwise the rest of the code will be followed which may not be desirable. In other words, like in other languages, we will only ever check the loop condition once we are ready to perform the next iteration, so any other code after we set "isTen" to be true, will still be executed as we can see it was above.We can avoid this by adding a break into our loop once we know we have set the condition - this will stop the rest of the logic being processed in this iteration (and as such, counter will not be incremented). So lets try that again:fishy10:> script("." to run)> var isTen=false;("." to run)> var counter=0;("." to run)> while(isTen==false)("." to run)> {("." to run)>    if (counter==10) ("." to run)>    { ("." to run)>            isTen=true;   ("." to run)>            break;("." to run)>    } ("." to run)>    printf("Counter is %d\n",counter);("." to run)>    counter++;    ("." to run)> }("." to run)> printf("Loop has ended and Counter is %d\n", counter);("." to run)> .Counter is 0Counter is 1Counter is 2Counter is 3Counter is 4Counter is 5Counter is 6Counter is 7Counter is 8Counter is 9Loop has ended and Counter is 10Much better!Methods to Obtain and Manipulate DataGet MethodThe get method allows you to get simple properties from an object, for example a quota from a user. The syntax is fairly simple:var myVariable=get('property');An example of where you may wish to use this, is when you are getting a bunch of information about a user (such as quota information when in a shares context):var users=list();for(k=0; k < users.length; k++){     user=users[k];     run('select ' + user);     var username=get('name');     var usage=get('usage');     var quota=get('quota');...Which you can then use to your advantage - to print or manipulate infomation (you could change a user's information with a set method, based on the information returned from the get method). The set method is explained next.Set MethodThe set method can be used in a simple manner, similar to get. The syntax for set is:set('property','value'); // where value is a string, if it was a number, you don't need quotesFor example, we could set the quota on a share as follows (first observing the initial value):fishy10:shares default/test-geoff> script("." to run)> var currentQuota=get('quota');("." to run)> printf("Current Quota is: %s\n",currentQuota);("." to run)> set('quota','30G');("." to run)> run('commit');("." to run)> currentQuota=get('quota');("." to run)> printf("Current Quota is: %s\n",currentQuota);("." to run)> .Current Quota is: 0Current Quota is: 32212254720This shows us using both the get and set methods as can be used in scripts, of course when only setting an individual share, the above is overkill - it would be much easier to set it manually at the cli using 'set quota=3G' and then 'commit'.List MethodThe list method can be very powerful, especially in more complex scripts which iterate over large amounts of data and manipulate it if so desired. The general way you will use list is as follows:var myVar=list();Which will make "myVar" an array, containing all the objects in the relevant context (this could be a list of users, shares, projects, etc). You can then gather or manipulate data very easily.We could list all the shares and mountpoints in a given project for example:fishy10:shares another-project> script("." to run)> var shares=list();("." to run)> for (i=0; i < shares.length; i++)("." to run)> {("." to run)>    run('select ' + shares[i]);("." to run)>    var mountpoint=get('mountpoint');("." to run)>    printf("Share %s discovered, has mountpoint %s\n",shares[i],mountpoint);("." to run)>    run('done');("." to run)> }("." to run)> .Share and-another discovered, has mountpoint /export/another-project/and-anotherShare another-share discovered, has mountpoint /export/another-project/another-shareShare bob discovered, has mountpoint /export/another-projectShare more-shares-for-all discovered, has mountpoint /export/another-project/more-shares-for-allShare yep discovered, has mountpoint /export/another-project/yepWriting More Complex and Re-Usable CodeFunctionsThe best way to be able to write more complex code is to use functions to split up repeatable or reusable sections of your code. This also makes your more complex code easier to read and understand for other programmers.We write functions as follows:function functionName(variable1,variable2,...,variableN){}For example, we could have a function that takes a project name as input, and lists shares for that project (assuming we're already in the 'project' context - context is important!):function getShares(proj){        run('select ' + proj);        shares=list();        printf("Project: %s\n", proj);        for(j=0; j < shares.length; j++)        {                printf("Discovered share: %s\n",shares[i]);        }        run('done'); // exit selected project}Commenting your CodeLike any other language, a large part of making it readable and understandable is to comment it. You can use the same comment style as in C and Java amongst other languages.In other words, sngle line comments use://at the beginning of the comment.Multi line comments use:/*at the beginning, and:*/ at the end.For example, here we will use both:fishy10:> script("." to run)> // This is a test comment("." to run)> printf("doing some work...\n");("." to run)> /* This is a multi-line("." to run)> comment which I will span across("." to run)> three lines in total */("." to run)> printf("doing some more work...\n");("." to run)> .doing some work...doing some more work...Your comments do not have to be on their own, they can begin (particularly with single line comments this is handy) at the end of a statement, for examplevar projects=list(); // The variable projects is an array containing all projects on the system.Try and Catch StatementsYou may be used to using try and catch statements in other languages, and they can (and should) be utilised in your code to catch expected or unexpected error conditions, that you do NOT wish to stop your code from executing (if you do not catch these errors, your script will exit!):try{  // do some work}catch(err) // Catch any error that could occur{ // do something here under the error condition}For example, you may wish to only execute some code if a context can be reached. If you can't perform certain actions under certain circumstances, that may be perfectly acceptable.For example if you want to test a condition that only makes sense when looking at a SMB/NFS share, but does not make sense when you hit an iscsi or FC LUN, you don't want to stop all processing of other shares you may not have covered yet.For example we may wish to obtain quota information on all shares for all users on a share (but this makes no sense for a LUN):function getShareQuota(shar) // Get quota for each user of this share{        run('select ' + shar);        printf("  SHARE: %s\n", shar);        try        {                run('users');                printf("    %20s        %11s    %11s    %3s\n","Username","Usage(G)","Quota(G)","Quota(%)");                printf("    %20s        %11s    %11s    %4s\n","--------","--------","--------","----");                                users=list();                for(k=0; k < users.length; k++)                {                        user=users[k];                        getUserQuota(user);                }                run('done'); // exit user context        }        catch(err)        {                printf("    SKIPPING %s - This is NOT a NFS or CIFs share, not looking for users\n", shar);        }        run('done'); // done with this share}Running Scripts Remotely over SSHAs you have likely noticed, writing and running scripts for all but the simplest jobs directly on the appliance is not going to be a lot of fun.There's a couple of choices on what you can do here:Create scripts on a remote system and run them over sshCreate scripts, wrapping them in workflow code, so they are stored on the appliance and can be triggered under certain circumstances (like a threshold being reached)We'll cover the first one here, and then cover workflows later on (as these are for the most part just scripts with some wrapper information around them).Creating a SSH Public/Private SSH Key PairLog on to your handy Solaris box (You wouldn't be using any other OS, right? :P) and use ssh-keygen to create a pair of ssh keys. I'm storing this separate to my normal key:[geoff@lightning ~] ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 1024Generating public/private rsa key pair.Enter file in which to save the key (/export/home/geoff/.ssh/id_rsa): /export/home/geoff/.ssh/nas_key_rsaEnter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /export/home/geoff/.ssh/nas_key_rsa.Your public key has been saved in /export/home/geoff/.ssh/nas_key_rsa.pub.The key fingerprint is:7f:3d:53:f0:2a:5e:8b:2d:94:2a:55:77:66:5c:9b:14 geoff@lightningInstalling the Public Key on the ApplianceOn your Solaris host, observe the public key:[geoff@lightning ~] cat .ssh/nas_key_rsa.pub ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAIEAvYfK3RIaAYmMHBOvyhKM41NaSmcgUMC3igPN5gUKJQvSnYmjuWG6CBr1CkF5UcDji7v19jG3qAD5lAMFn+L0CxgRr8TNaAU+hA4/tpAGkjm+dKYSyJgEdMIURweyyfUFXoerweR8AWW5xlovGKEWZTAfvJX9Zqvh8oMQ5UJLUUc= geoff@lightningNow, copy and paste everything after "ssh-rsa" and before "user@hostname" - in this case, geoff@lightning. That is, this bit:AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAIEAvYfK3RIaAYmMHBOvyhKM41NaSmcgUMC3igPN5gUKJQvSnYmjuWG6CBr1CkF5UcDji7v19jG3qAD5lAMFn+L0CxgRr8TNaAU+hA4/tpAGkjm+dKYSyJgEdMIURweyyfUFXoerweR8AWW5xlovGKEWZTAfvJX9Zqvh8oMQ5UJLUUc=Logon to your appliance and get into the preferences -> keys area for this user (root):[geoff@lightning ~] ssh [email protected]: Last login: Mon Dec  6 17:13:28 2010 from 192.168.0.2fishy10:> configuration usersfishy10:configuration users> select rootfishy10:configuration users root> preferences fishy10:configuration users root preferences> keysOR do it all in one hit:fishy10:> configuration users select root preferences keysNow, we create a new public key that will be accepted for this user and set the type to RSA:fishy10:configuration users root preferences keys> createfishy10:configuration users root preferences key (uncommitted)> set type=RSASet the key itself using the string copied previously (between ssh-rsa and user@host), and set the key ensuring you put double quotes around it (eg. set key="<key>"):fishy10:configuration users root preferences key (uncommitted)> set key="AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAIEAvYfK3RIaAYmMHBOvyhKM41NaSmcgUMC3igPN5gUKJQvSnYmjuWG6CBr1CkF5UcDji7v19jG3qAD5lAMFn+L0CxgRr8TNaAU+hA4/tpAGkjm+dKYSyJgEdMIURweyyfUFXoerweR8AWW5xlovGKEWZTAfvJX9Zqvh8oMQ5UJLUUc="Now set the comment for this key (do not use spaces):fishy10:configuration users root preferences key (uncommitted)> set comment="LightningRSAKey" Commit the new key:fishy10:configuration users root preferences key (uncommitted)> commitVerify the key is there:fishy10:configuration users root preferences keys> lsKeys:NAME     MODIFIED              TYPE   COMMENT                                  key-000  2010-10-25 20:56:42   RSA    cycloneRSAKey                           key-001  2010-12-6 17:44:53    RSA    LightningRSAKey                         As you can see, we now have my new key, and a previous key I have created on this appliance.Running your Script over SSH from a Remote SystemHere I have created a basic test script, and saved it as test.ecma3:[geoff@lightning ~] cat test.ecma3 script// This is a test script, By Geoff Ongley 2010.printf("Testing script remotely over ssh\n");.Now, we can run this script remotely with our keyless login:[geoff@lightning ~] ssh -i .ssh/nas_key_rsa root@fishy10 < test.ecma3Pseudo-terminal will not be allocated because stdin is not a terminal.Testing script remotely over sshPutting it Together - An Example Completed Quota Gathering ScriptSo now we have a lot of the basics to creating a script, let us do something useful, like, find out how much every user is using, on every share on the system (you will recognise some of the code from my previous examples): script/************************************** Quick and Dirty Quota Check script ** Written By Geoff Ongley            ** 25 October 2010                    **************************************/function getUserQuota(usr){        run('select ' + usr);        var username=get('name');        var usage=get('usage');        var quota=get('quota');        var usage_g=usage / 1073741824; // convert bytes to gigabytes        var quota_g=quota / 1073741824; // as above        var quota_percent=0        if (quota > 0)        {                quota_percent=(usage / quota)*(100/1);        }        printf("    %20s        %8.2f           %8.2f           %d%%\n",username,usage_g,quota_g,quota_percent);        run('done'); // done with this selected user}function getShareQuota(shar){        //printf("DEBUG: selecting share %s\n", shar);        run('select ' + shar);        printf("  SHARE: %s\n", shar);        try        {                run('users');                printf("    %20s        %11s    %11s    %3s\n","Username","Usage(G)","Quota(G)","Quota(%)");                printf("    %20s        %11s    %11s    %4s\n","--------","--------","--------","--------");                                users=list();                for(k=0; k < users.length; k++)                {                        user=users[k];                        getUserQuota(user);                }                run('done'); // exit user context        }        catch(err)        {                printf("    SKIPPING %s - This is NOT a NFS or CIFs share, not looking for users\n", shar);        }        run('done'); // done with this share}function getShares(proj){        //printf("DEBUG: selecting project %s\n",proj);        run('select ' + proj);        shares=list();        printf("Project: %s\n", proj);        for(j=0; j < shares.length; j++)        {                share=shares[j];                getShareQuota(share);        }        run('done'); // exit selected project}function getProjects(){        run('cd /');        run('shares');        projects=list();                for (i=0; i < projects.length; i++)        {                var project=projects[i];                getShares(project);        }        run('done'); // exit context for all projects}getProjects();.Which can be run as follows, and will print information like this:[geoff@lightning ~/FISHWORKS_SCRIPTS] ssh -i ~/.ssh/nas_key_rsa root@fishy10 < get_quota_utilisation.ecma3Pseudo-terminal will not be allocated because stdin is not a terminal.Project: another-project  SHARE: and-another                Username           Usage(G)       Quota(G)    Quota(%)                --------           --------       --------    --------                  nobody            0.00            0.00        0%                 geoffro            0.05            0.00        0%                   Billy            0.10            0.00        0%                    root            0.00            0.00        0%            testing-user            0.05            0.00        0%  SHARE: another-share                Username           Usage(G)       Quota(G)    Quota(%)                --------           --------       --------    --------                    root            0.00            0.00        0%                  nobody            0.00            0.00        0%                 geoffro            0.05            0.49        9%            testing-user            0.05            0.02        249%                   Billy            0.10            0.29        33%  SHARE: bob                Username           Usage(G)       Quota(G)    Quota(%)                --------           --------       --------    --------                  nobody            0.00            0.00        0%                    root            0.00            0.00        0%  SHARE: more-shares-for-all                Username           Usage(G)       Quota(G)    Quota(%)                --------           --------       --------    --------                   Billy            0.10            0.00        0%            testing-user            0.05            0.00        0%                  nobody            0.00            0.00        0%                    root            0.00            0.00        0%                 geoffro            0.05            0.00        0%  SHARE: yep                Username           Usage(G)       Quota(G)    Quota(%)                --------           --------       --------    --------                    root            0.00            0.00        0%                  nobody            0.00            0.00        0%                   Billy            0.10            0.01        999%            testing-user            0.05            0.49        9%                 geoffro            0.05            0.00        0%Project: default  SHARE: Test-LUN    SKIPPING Test-LUN - This is NOT a NFS or CIFs share, not looking for users  SHARE: test-geoff                Username           Usage(G)       Quota(G)    Quota(%)                --------           --------       --------    --------                 geoffro            0.05            0.00        0%                    root            3.18           10.00        31%                    uucp            0.00            0.00        0%                  nobody            0.59            0.49        119%^CKilled by signal 2.Creating a WorkflowWorkflows are scripts that we store on the appliance, and can have the script execute either on request (even from the BUI), or on an event such as a threshold being met.Workflow BasicsA workflow allows you to create a simple process that can be executed either via the BUI interface interactively, or by an alert being raised (for some threshold being reached, for example).The basics parameters you will have to set for your "workflow object" (notice you're creating a variable, that embodies ECMAScript) are as follows (parameters is optional):name: A name for this workflowdescription: A Description for the workflowparameters: A set of input parameters (useful when you need user input to execute the workflow)execute: The code, the script itself to execute, which will be function (parameters)With parameters, you can specify things like this (slightly modified sample taken from the System Administration Guide):          ...parameters:        variableParam1:         {                             label: 'Name of Share',                             type: 'String'                  },                  variableParam2                  {                             label: 'Share Size',                             type: 'size'                  },execute: ....};  Note the commas separating the sections of name, parameters, execute, and so on. This is important!Also - there is plenty of properties you can set on the parameters for your workflow, these are described in the Sun ZFS Storage System Administration Guide.Creating a Basic Workflow from a Basic ScriptTo make a basic script into a basic workflow, you need to wrap the following around your script to create a 'workflow' object:var workflow = {name: 'Get User Quotas',description: 'Displays Quota Utilisation for each user on each share',execute: function() {// (basic script goes here, minus the "script" at the beginning, and "." at the end)}};However, it appears (at least in my experience to date) that the workflow object may only be happy with one function in the execute parameter - either that or I'm doing something wrong. As far as I can tell, after execute: you should only have a basic one function context like so:execute: function(){}To deal with this, and to give an example similar to our script earlier, I have created another simple quota check, to show the same basic functionality, but in a workflow format:var workflow = {name: 'Get User Quotas',description: 'Displays Quota Utilisation for each user on each share',execute: function () {        run('cd /');        run('shares');        projects=list();                for (i=0; i < projects.length; i++)        {                run('select ' + projects[i]);                shares=list('filesystem');                printf("Project: %s\n", projects[i]);                for(j=0; j < shares.length; j++)                {                        run('select ' +shares[j]);                        try                        {                                run('users');                                printf("  SHARE: %s\n", shares[j]);                                printf("    %20s        %11s    %11s    %3s\n","Username","Usage(G)","Quota(G)","Quota(%)");                                printf("    %20s        %11s    %11s    %4s\n","--------","--------","--------","-------");                                users=list();                                for(k=0; k < users.length; k++)                                {                                        run('select ' + users[k]);                                        username=get('name');                                        usage=get('usage');                                        quota=get('quota');                                        usage_g=usage / 1073741824; // convert bytes to gigabytes                                        quota_g=quota / 1073741824; // as above                                        quota_percent=0                                        if (quota > 0)                                        {                                                quota_percent=(usage / quota)*(100/1);                                        }                                        printf("    %20s        %8.2f   %8.2f   %d%%\n",username,usage_g,quota_g,quota_percent);                                        run('done');                                }                                run('done'); // exit user context                        }                        catch(err)                        {                        //      printf("    %s is a LUN, Not looking for users\n", shares[j]);                        }                        run('done'); // exit selected share context                }                run('done'); // exit project context        }        }};SummaryThe Sun ZFS Storage 7000 Appliance offers lots of different and interesting features to Sun/Oracle customers, including the world renowned Analytics. Hopefully the above will help you to think of new creative things you could be doing by taking advantage of one of the other neat features, the internal scripting engine!Some references are below to help you continue learning more, I'll update this post as I do the same! Enjoy...More information on ECMAScript 3A complete reference to ECMAScript 3 which will help you learn more of the details you may be interested in, can be found here:http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/files/ECMA-ST-ARCH/ECMA-262,%203rd%20edition,%20December%201999.pdfMore Information on Administering the Sun ZFS Storage 7000The Sun ZFS Storage 7000 System Administration guide can be a useful reference point, and can be found here:http://wikis.sun.com/download/attachments/186238602/2010_Q3_2_ADMIN.pdf

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• Error installing pygraphviz on OSX

  - by Neil

  I'm trying to get the graph-models to work (from django-command extensions) on Snow Leopard. It requires pygraphviz, which I installed via macports. After successful install I am getting this error: >>> import pygrahphviz Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> ImportError: No module named pygrahphviz >>> import pygraphviz Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/pygraphviz-1.1-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/pygraphviz/__init__.py", line 54, in <module> from agraph import AGraph, Node, Edge, Attribute, ItemAttribute File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/pygraphviz-1.1-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/pygraphviz/agraph.py", line 19, in <module> import graphviz as gv File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/pygraphviz-1.1-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/pygraphviz/graphviz.py", line 7, in <module> import _graphviz ImportError: dlopen(/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/pygraphviz-1.1-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/pygraphviz/_graphviz.so, 2): Symbol not found: _Agdirected Referenced from: /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/pygraphviz-1.1-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/pygraphviz/_graphviz.so Expected in: flat namespace in /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/pygraphviz-1.1-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/pygraphviz/_graphviz.so >>> Any suggestions?

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• emacs, writing custom commands which use term-mode

  - by valya

  Hello, I'm using Emacs and M-x term for a terminal. Since my typical workflow looks like this: edit some code C-x C-o to the terminal buffer (or C-x b term[Enter] or something) press Up key to use the last command press Enter to run it C-x C-o to go back I want to bind all of these (except the first step... maybe) to one command, I believe Emacs is awesome enough to do that :-) So, a command must: go to the buffer with terminal (maybe it shouldn't change any windows at all, maybe it should split the window vertially (if it weren't split already) and use the right sid) run a last command what've been run there go back to the last buffer/part of the screen Thank you! I'm not really used to the Emacs scripting system, and I hope someone will help me and someone else will be able to use the answer to improve his workflow, since I believe this is a pretty common one Examples of commands: python manage.py test python manage.py test stats python solve.py # for project-euler puzzles :-) the first and the second runs over a ssh (in a terminal) sometimes (I like developing with vagrant) I understand that it's easy to bind the first and the third ones, but the second changes too often - I'd just like to "run last command"

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• Incorrect deployment of WSGI app to AWS using Elastic Beanstalk

  - by Dzmitry Zhaleznichenka

  cross-link to AWS forums I have developed a simple Python web service using WSGI and would like to deploy it to AWS cloud using Elastic Beanstalk. My problem is I cannot make all the options I specify in Elastic Beanstalk configuration to be correctly configured in the cloud. For deployment, I use Elastic Beanstalk CLI utility. I have run eb init command and set up the required parameters. After this, a directory named .elasticbeanstalk was created in my source tree. It has two config files that are used for deployment, namely config and optionsettings. The latter one among the other options contains the WSGI configuration that has to update /etc/httpd/conf.d/wsgi.conf at the instances. After some of my adjustments the file has the following settings: [aws:elasticbeanstalk:application:environment] DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE = PARAM1 = PARAM2 = PARAM4 = PARAM3 = PARAM5 = [aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python] WSGIPath = handler.py NumProcesses = 2 StaticFiles = /static= NumThreads = 10 [aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python:staticfiles] /static = static/ [aws:elasticbeanstalk:hostmanager] LogPublicationControl = false [aws:autoscaling:launchconfiguration] InstanceType = t1.micro EC2KeyName = zmicier-aws [aws:elasticbeanstalk:application] Application Healthcheck URL = [aws:autoscaling:asg] MaxSize = 10 MinSize = 1 Custom Availability Zones = [aws:elasticbeanstalk:monitoring] Automatically Terminate Unhealthy Instances = true [aws:elasticbeanstalk:sns:topics] Notification Endpoint = Notification Protocol = email It turns out that not all of these options are considered when I start the environment or update it. Thus, when I update NumThreads or NumProcesses, the respective parameters get changed in wsgi.conf as expected. But whatever I write to the WSGIPath and StaticFiles parameters, I'm not able to automatically change the respective values of wsgi.conf, they remain Alias /static /opt/python/current/app/ WSGIScriptAlias / /opt/python/current/app/application.py which drives me nuts. Moreover, when I deploy my application using git aws.push and having the following contents of .ebextensions/python.config file, neither of options I specify in it affects the deployment. option_settings: - namespace: aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python option_name: WSGIPath value: mysite/wsgi.py - namespace: aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python option_name: NumProcesses value: 5 - namespace: aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python option_name: NumThreads value: 25 - namespace: aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python:staticfiles option_name: /static/ value: app/static/ I wonder what I should do to force AWS use all the parameters I specify in the configuration, namely the WSGI Path and path to my static data.

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• How to convert a raw disk image to a copy-on-write image based on another image for use with kvm and

  - by Jean-Paul Calderone

  I have a virtual Windows machine running on kvm. Presently it has a 90GB raw disk image. I would like to clone this VM without having to keep two copies of the 90GB raw disk image around. It seems like a good approach for doing this is to make two new qcow or qcow2 images based on the original. First I converted the raw image to a qcow2 image: qemu-img convert -O qcow2 basewindowsxp.img basewindowsxp.qcow2 Then I tried creating a new image backed by this: qemu-img create -F qcow2 -f qcow2 -b `pwd`/basewindowsxp.qcow2 windowsxp-1.qcow2 Then I used virt-manager to point the original VM at windowsxp-1.qcow2. However, when I try to start up the VM in this new configuration, virt-manager reports an error: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/share/virt-manager/virtManager/engine.py", line 588, in run_domain vm.startup() File "/usr/share/virt-manager/virtManager/domain.py", line 150, in startup self._backend.create() File "/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/libvirt.py", line 300, in create if ret == -1: raise libvirtError ('virDomainCreate() failed', dom=self) libvirtError: internal error unable to start guest: qemu: could not open disk image /var/lib/libvirt/images/windowsxp-1.qcow2 The error suggests that the filename was misspecified or that the filesystem permissions are too restrictive, but neither of these is the case: $ ls -l /var/lib/libvirt/images/windowsxp-1.qcow2 -rwxrwxrwx 1 root root 262144 2010-05-27 08:32 /var/lib/libvirt/images/windowsxp-1.qcow2 Why won't virt-manager start this vm?

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• Cannot install mercurial properly - PYTHONPATH error

  - by evident

  Hi, I have a server running on Ubuntu 10.04 on which I wanted to install Mercurial via % sudo apt-get install mercurial It seems to have installed successfully and doesn't show me any error messages. But when I try it I get: % hg abort: couldn't find mercurial libraries in [/usr/bin /usr/lib/python2.6 /usr/lib/python2.6/plat-linux2 /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-tk /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-old /usr/lib/python2.6/lib-dynload /usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages /usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6 /usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages] (check your install and PYTHONPATH) I've googled for a while now and found some sites with the same problem but I still have no idea on how to fix it since it nowhere really says what I need to look for or what I need to add to my PYTHONPATH... By the way, right now my PYTHONPATH seems to be empty: % echo $PYTHONPATH % This is what I get if I look into my /usr/lib/ directory for mercurial: % find /usr/lib/py* -name 'mercurial*' /usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/mercurial /usr/lib/pymodules/python2.6/mercurial-1.4.3.egg-info /usr/lib/pyshared/python2.6/mercurial Can anybody please help me with that? What (and how) should I set my PYTHONPATH to? I already tried reinstalling, installing with "easy_install mercurial" or with "aptitude reinstall mercurial" but nothing helped. I always get this same error. Would be great if anyone could help... thanks! ADDITION: Building from scratch didn't work out well... when I am logged in as root I can use hg, but when I access with my normal user I get: % hg Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/local/bin/hg", line 4, in <module> import pkg_resources File "/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 2659, in <module> parse_requirements(__requires__), Environment() File "/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 546, in resolve raise DistributionNotFound(req) pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound: mercurial==1.7.2

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• Why won't my service start, and why doesn't upstart output any errors?

  - by Alex Waters

  I am trying to 'start gunicorn' as a service via upstart as user ale. I'm using gunicorn/flask on ubuntu 12.04 w/ init (upstart 1.5) Here is my /etc/init/gunicorn.conf setuid btw setgid flask script export HOME=/home/btw export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs . $HOME/.virtualenvs/default/bin/activate cd $HOME/flask workon default gunicorn -c gunicorn.py bw:app end script It doesn't output anything other than gunicorn start/running, process 12992. If i then do 'status gunicorn' I get stop/waiting. any ideas on how to debug this? I tried following http://upstart.ubuntu.com/wiki/Debugging but it didn't help. If I do the following as user ale in the app's directory: 1. workon default 2. gunicorn -c gunicorn.py bw:app then Gunicorn runs fine. Here is ~/flask/gunicorn.py: bind = "0.0.0.0:8080" workers = 3 backlog = 2048 worker_class = "gevent" debug = True daemon = False pidfile ="/tmp/gunicorn.pid" log_level = "debug" accesslog = "/var/log/gunicorn/access.log" errorlog = "/var/log/gunicorn/error.log" user = "btw" group = "flask" Also, /var/log/error.log doesn't show anything new when I try to start the Gunicorn service. If I start it manually, it shows that the workers have been loaded, etc. Thanks for any help / suggestions!

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• Python module: Trouble Installing Bitarray 0.8.0 on Mac OSX 10.7.4

  - by Gabriele

  I'm new here! I have trouble installing bitarray (vers 0.8.0) on my Mac OSX 10.7.4. Thanks! ('gcc' does not seem to be the problem) Last login: Sun Sep 9 22:24:25 on ttys000 host-001:~ gabriele$ gcc -version i686-apple-darwin11-llvm-gcc-4.2: no input files host-001:~ gabriele$ Last login: Sun Sep 9 22:18:41 on ttys000 host-001:~ gabriele$ cd /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/bitarray-0.8.0/ host-001:bitarray-0.8.0 gabriele$ python2.7 setup.py installrunning install running bdist_egg running egg_info creating bitarray.egg-info writing bitarray.egg-info/PKG-INFO writing top-level names to bitarray.egg-info/top_level.txt writing dependency_links to bitarray.egg-info/dependency_links.txt writing manifest file 'bitarray.egg-info/SOURCES.txt' reading manifest file 'bitarray.egg-info/SOURCES.txt' writing manifest file 'bitarray.egg-info/SOURCES.txt' installing library code to build/bdist.macosx-10.6-intel/egg running install_lib running build_py creating build creating build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7 creating build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/bitarray copying bitarray/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/bitarray copying bitarray/test_bitarray.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/bitarray running build_ext building 'bitarray._bitarray' extension creating build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7 creating build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/bitarray gcc-4.2 -fno-strict-aliasing -fno-common -dynamic -isysroot /Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.6.sdk -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -g -O2 -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -I/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7 -c bitarray/_bitarray.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.6-intel-2.7/bitarray/_bitarray.o unable to execute gcc-4.2: No such file or directory error: command 'gcc-4.2' failed with exit status 1 host-001:bitarray-0.8.0 gabriele$

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• Files deleted. What could have happened?

  - by jjfine

  I'm having a weird issue today. I was writing and testing out some simple cgi scripts this morning when I realized that I couldn't run them from one of the other computers on the (windows) network. So I had my network admin come in and take a look at what was going on. A few minutes later a co-worker came in and told me that a bunch of files he was working with as well as a bunch of others (all *.c files) on the network drive got deleted. He also noticed some strange apache_dump_500.log.txt files in the same directories where the files got deleted. The apache_dump_500.log.txt files all look like this: REDIRECT_HTTP_ACCEPT=*/*, image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg REDIRECT_HTTP_USER_AGENT=Mozilla/1.1b2 (X11; I; HP-UX A.09.05 9000/712) REDIRECT_PATH=.:/bin:/usr/local/bin:/etc REDIRECT_QUERY_STRING= REDIRECT_REMOTE_ADDR=<my computer's local ip> REDIRECT_REMOTE_HOST= REDIRECT_SERVER_NAME=<my computer's domain url> REDIRECT_SERVER_PORT= REDIRECT_SERVER_SOFTWARE= REDIRECT_URL=/cgi-bin/trojan.py I looked and I don't have any trojan.py in my cgi-bin folder. And all my apache logs are clean. Windows event logger seems to not have any traces of what happened either. My httpd.conf: http://pastebin.com/Yny2Yh8v I think we've got some kind of virus that added this trojan.py file to my cgi-bin, ran the script, and deleted the script and any traces from the logs. Is this a thing that happens? Any ideas whatsoever would be much appreciated!

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• installing mod_wsgi giving 403 error

  - by John Smiith

  installing mod_wsgi giving 403 error httpd.conf i added code below WSGIScriptAlias /wsgi "C:/xampp/www/htdocs/wsgi_app/wsgi_handler.py" <Directory "C:/xampp/www/htdocs/wsgi_app/"> AllowOverride None Options None Order deny,allow Allow from all </Directory> wsgi_handler.py status = ‘200 OK’ output = ‘Hello World!’ response_headers = [('Content-type', 'text/plain'), ('Content-Length', str(len(output)))] start_response(status, response_headers) return [output] Note: localhost is my virtual host domain and it is working fine but when i request http://localhost/wsgi/ got 403 error. <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot "C:/xampp/www/htdocs/localhost" ServerName localhost ServerAlias www.localhost ErrorLog "logs/localhost-error.log" CustomLog "logs/localhost-access.log" combined </VirtualHost> Error log [Wed Jul 04 06:01:54 2012] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] File does not exist: C:/xampp/www/htdocs/localhost/favicon.ico [Wed Jul 04 06:01:54 2012] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] client denied by server configuration: C:/xampp/Bin/apache [Wed Jul 04 06:01:58 2012] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] Options ExecCGI is off in this directory: C:/xampp/www/htdocs/wsgi_app/wsgi_handler.py [Wed Jul 04 06:01:58 2012] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] client denied by server configuration: C:/xampp/Bin/apache [Wed Jul 04 06:01:58 2012] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] File does not exist: C:/xampp/www/htdocs/localhost/favicon.ico [Wed Jul 04 06:01:58 2012] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] client denied by server configuration: C:/xampp/Bin/apache Note: My apache is not in c:/xampp/bin/apache it is in c:/xampp/bin/server-apache/

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• How to add "create a new python file" to the registry

  - by Anthony

  I have Python 3.2 on a windows 7 operating system. The other day I thought that it would be convenient to add a link to create a new .py file in the right hand click "new" menu. I had worked with the registry before and looked up how to add an item to the "new" menu, but when I got to the registry under HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT the .py extension key was not there. I only know how to add something to the "new" menu using the extension key. I searched the web, but could not come up with any other ways. Python works perfectly fine, and I don't want to mess anything up by adding the extension key. So here are my questions: Will I mess up python or something else by adding a .py key?( I know it is dangerous to work with the registry, that is why I am looking for a safe solution) If not how can I go about doing this? OR Is there a different way to add "create a new python file" to the "new" menu? If so how can I do it? OR If the only way is very complicated should I forget about it? Thank you in advance. P.S I originally posted on Stack Overflow that they told me to move it over here.

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• How to execute a command whenever a file changes?

  - by Denilson Sá

  I want a quick and simple way to execute a command whenever a file changes. I want something very simple, something I will leave running on a terminal and close it whenever I'm finished working with that file. Currently, I'm using this: while read; do ./myfile.py ; done And then I need to go to that terminal and press Enter, whenever I save that file on my editor. What I want is something like this: while sleep_until_file_has_changed myfile.py ; do ./myfile.py ; done Or any other solution as easy as that. BTW: I'm using Vim, and I know I can add an autocommand to run something on BufWrite, but this is not the kind of solution I want now. Update: I want something simple, discardable if possible. What's more, I want something to run in a terminal because I want to see the program output (I want to see error messages). About the answers: Thanks for all your answers! All of them are very good, and each one takes a very different approach from the others. Since I need to accept only one, I'm accepting the one that I've actually used (it was simple, quick and easy-to-remember), even though I know it is not the most elegant.

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• How do I install MySQLdb on a Python 2.6 source build, on Debian Lenny?

  - by nbolton

  I've installed Python 2.6 from source on my Debian Lenny server, as Lenny does not have the python2.6 package. So, my Python 2.5 has MySQLdb installed and working just fine because I installed the python-mysqldb package. I figured I could just install MySQLdb from source, but because I have the Lenny python-dev package, it builds against 2.5: # python setup.py build running build running build_py copying MySQLdb/release.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.5/MySQLdb running build_ext building '_mysql' extension gcc -pthread -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -fPIC -Dversion_info=(1,2,3,'final',0) -D__version__=1.2.3 -I/usr/include/mysql -I/usr/include/python2.5 -c _mysql.c -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.5/_mysql.o -DBIG_JOINS=1 -fPIC gcc -pthread -shared -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions build/temp.linux-x86_64-2.5/_mysql.o -L/usr/lib/mysql -lmysqlclient_r -o build/lib.linux-x86_64-2.5/_mysql.so I don't want to run python setup.py install, because I'm afraid it's going to screw up MySQLdb on 2.5 -- should I? I imagine it'd just overwrite 2.5 and do nothing to 2.6 -- maybe there's an argument I can use to install to 2.6? I imagine that I would need also to build against 2.6, so how do I do this?

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• Use ASP.NET 4 Browser Definitions with ASP.NET 3.5

  - by Stephen Walther

  We updated the browser definitions files included with ASP.NET 4 to include information on recent browsers and devices such as Google Chrome and the iPhone. You can use these browser definition files with earlier versions of ASP.NET such as ASP.NET 3.5. The updated browser definition files, and instructions for installing them, can be found here: http://aspnet.codeplex.com/releases/view/41420 The changes in the browser definition files can cause backwards compatibility issues when you upgrade an ASP.NET 3.5 web application to ASP.NET 4. If you encounter compatibility issues, you can install the old browser definition files in your ASP.NET 4 application. The old browser definition files are included in the download file referenced above. What’s New in the ASP.NET 4 Browser Definition Files The complete set of browsers supported by the new ASP.NET 4 browser definition files is represented by the following figure:     If you look carefully at the figure, you’ll notice that we added browser definitions for several types of recent browsers such as Internet Explorer 8, Firefox 3.5, Google Chrome, Opera 10, and Safari 4. Furthermore, notice that we now include browser definitions for several of the most popular mobile devices: BlackBerry, IPhone, IPod, and Windows Mobile (IEMobile). The mobile devices appear in the figure with a purple background color. To improve performance, we removed a whole lot of outdated browser definitions for old cell phones and mobile devices. We also cleaned up the information contained in the browser files. Here are some of the browser features that you can detect: Are you a mobile device? <%=Request.Browser.IsMobileDevice %> Are you an IPhone? <%=Request.Browser.MobileDeviceModel == "IPhone" %> What version of JavaScript do you support? <%=Request.Browser["javascriptversion"] %> What layout engine do you use? <%=Request.Browser["layoutEngine"] %>   Here’s what you would get if you displayed the value of these properties using Internet Explorer 8: Here’s what you get when you use Google Chrome: Testing Browser Settings When working with browser definition files, it is useful to have some way to test the capability information returned when you request a page with different browsers. You can use the following method to return the HttpBrowserCapabilities the corresponds to a particular user agent string and set of browser headers: public HttpBrowserCapabilities GetBrowserCapabilities(string userAgent, NameValueCollection headers) { HttpBrowserCapabilities browserCaps = new HttpBrowserCapabilities(); Hashtable hashtable = new Hashtable(180, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase); hashtable[string.Empty] = userAgent; // The actual method uses client target browserCaps.Capabilities = hashtable; var capsFactory = new System.Web.Configuration.BrowserCapabilitiesFactory(); capsFactory.ConfigureBrowserCapabilities(headers, browserCaps); capsFactory.ConfigureCustomCapabilities(headers, browserCaps); return browserCaps; } At the end of this blog entry, there is a link to download a simple Visual Studio 2008 project – named Browser Definition Test -- that uses this method to display capability information for arbitrary user agent strings. For example, if you enter the user agent string for an iPhone then you get the results in the following figure: The Browser Definition Test application enables you to submit a user-agent string and display a table of browser capabilities information. The browser definition files contain sample user-agent strings for each browser definition. I got the iPhone user-agent string from the comments in the iphone.browser file. Enumerating Browser Definitions Someone asked in the comments whether or not there is a way to enumerate all of the browser definitions. You can do this if you ware willing to use a little reflection and read a private property. The browser definition files in the config\browsers folder get parsed into a class named BrowserCapabilitesFactory. After you run the aspnet_regbrowsers tool, you can see the source for this class in the config\browser folder by opening a file named BrowserCapsFactory.cs. The BrowserCapabilitiesFactoryBase class has a protected property named BrowserElements that represents a Hashtable of all of the browser definitions. Here's how you can read this protected property and display the ID for all of the browser definitions: var propInfo = typeof(BrowserCapabilitiesFactory).GetProperty("BrowserElements", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance); Hashtable browserDefinitions = (Hashtable)propInfo.GetValue(new BrowserCapabilitiesFactory(), null); foreach (var key in browserDefinitions.Keys) { Response.Write("" + key); } If you run this code using Visual Studio 2008 then you get the following results: You get a huge number of outdated browsers and devices. In all, 449 browser definitions are listed. If you run this code using Visual Studio 2010 then you get the following results: In the case of Visual Studio 2010, all the old browsers and devices have been removed and you get only 19 browser definitions. Conclusion The updated browser definition files included in ASP.NET 4 provide more accurate information for recent browsers and devices. If you would like to test the new browser definitions with different user-agent strings then I recommend that you download the Browser Definition Test project: Browser Definition Test Project

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• Bugzilla ./testserver.pl failing

  - by SomeKittens

  root@KittensTest:/var/www/Bugzilla/bugzilla-4.2.1# ./testserver.pl http://localhost/Bugzilla/bugzilla-4.2.1 TEST-OK Webserver is running under group id in $webservergroup. TEST-OK Got padlock picture. TEST-FAILED Webserver is fetching rather than executing CGI files. Check the AddHandler statement in your httpd.conf file. Well then. httpd.conf (from here[2.2.4.1.1]): <Directory /var/www/Bugzilla/bugzilla-4.2.1> AddHandler cgi-script .cgi .pl Options +Indexes +Includes +ExecCGI DirectoryIndex index.cgi AllowOverride Limit FileInfo Indexes </Directory> What am I doing wrong? I'm pretty new to this (first Bugzilla install), so I'll appreciate explanation.

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• What a Performance! MySQL 5.5 and InnoDB 1.1 running on Oracle Linux

  - by zeynep.koch(at)oracle.com

  The MySQL performance team in Oracle has recently completed a series of benchmarks comparing Read / Write and Read-Only performance of MySQL 5.5 with the InnoDB and MyISAM storage engines. Compared to MyISAM, InnoDB delivered 35x higher throughput on the Read / Write test and 5x higher throughput on the Read-Only test, with 90% scalability across 36 CPU cores. A full analysis of results and MySQL configuration parameters are documented in a new whitepaperIn addition to the benchmark, the new whitepaper, also includes:- A discussion of the use-cases for each storage engine- Best practices for users considering the migration of existing applications from MyISAM to InnoDB- A summary of the performance and scalability enhancements introduced with MySQL 5.5 and InnoDB 1.1.The benchmark itself was based on Sysbench, running on AMD Opteron "Magny-Cours" processors, and Oracle Linux with the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel You can learn more about MySQL 5.5 and InnoDB 1.1 from here and download it from here to test whether you witness performance gains in your real-world applications.  By Mat Keep

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• security stuff's

  - by raghu.yadav

  http://fmwdocs.us.oracle.com/doclibs/fmw/E10285_01/appslib7/web.1111/b31974/adding_security.htm#BGBGJEAH At design time, JDeveloper saves all policy store and identity store changes in a single file for the entire application. In the development environment, this is the jazn-data.xml file. After you configure the jazn-data.xml file using the editors, you can run the application in Integrated WebLogic Server and the contents of the policy store will be added to the domain-level store, the system-jazn-data.xml file, while the test users will be migrated to the embedded LDAP server that Integrated WebLogic Server uses for its identity store. The domain-level store allows you to test the security implementation by logging on as test users that you have created. looks like above part did went well with me, apart from following all instruction provided in doc, I need to create users from adminconsole in security-realms-Users and Groups sections to successfully login to pages.

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• NTFS Issues in Windows 7 and 2008 R2 - 'Is it a Bug?'

  - by renewieldraaijer

  I have been using the various versions of the Microsoft Windows product line since NT4 and I really thought I knew the ins and outs about the NTFS filesystem by now. There were always a few rules of thumb to understand what happens if you move data around. These rules were: "If you copy data, the copied data will inherit the permissions of the location it is being copied to. The same goes for moving data between disk partitions. Only when you move data within the same partition, the permissions are kept."  Recently I was asked to assist in troubleshooting some NTFS related issues. This forced me to have another good look at this theory. To my surprise I found out that this theory does not completely stand anymore. Apparently some things have changed since the release of Windows Vista / Windows 2008. Since the release of these Operating Systems, a move within the same disk partition results in the data inheriting the permissions of the location it is being copied into. A major change in the NTFS filesystem you would think!  Not quite! The above only counts when the move operation is being performed by using Windows Explorer. A move by using the 'move' command from within a cmd prompt for example, retains the NTFS permissions, just like before in Windows XP and older systems. Conclusion: The Windows Explorer is responsible for changing the ACL's of the moved data. This is a remarkable change, but if you follow this theory, the resulting ACL after a move operation is still predictable.  We could say that since Windows Vista and Windows 2008, a new rule set applies: "If you copy data, the copied data will inherit the permissions of the location it is being copied to. Same goes for moving data between disk partitions and within disk partitions. Only when you move data within the same partition by using something else than the Windows Explorer, the permissions are kept." The above behavior should be unchanged in Windows 7 / Windows 2008 R2, compared to Windows Vista / 2008. But somehow the NTFS permissions are not so predictable in Windows 7 and Windows 2008 R2. Moving data within the same disk partition the one time results in the permissions being kept and the next time results in inherited permissions from the destination location. I will try to demonstrate this in a few examples: Example 1 (Incorrect behavior): Consider two folders, 'Folder A' and 'Folder B' with the following permissions configured.                    Now we create the test file 'test file 1.txt' in 'Folder A' and afterwards move this file to 'Folder B' using Windows Explorer.                       According to the new theory, the file should inherit the permissions of 'Folder B' and therefore 'Group B' should appear in the ACL of 'test file 1.txt'. In the screenshot below the resulting permissions are displayed. The permissions from the originating location are kept, while the permissions of 'Folder B' should be inherited.                   Example 2 (Correct behavior): Again, consider the same two folders. This time we make a small modification to the ACL of 'Folder A'. We add 'Group C' to the ACL and again we create a file in 'Folder A' which we name 'test file 2.txt'.                    Next, we move 'test file 2.txt' to 'Folder B'.                       Again, we check the permissions of 'test file 2.txt' at the target location. We can now see that the permissions are inherited. This is what should be happening, and can be considered 'correct behavior' for Windows Vista / 2008 / 7 / 2008 R2. It remains uncertain why this behavior is so inconsistent. At this time, this is under investigation with Microsoft Support. The investigation has been going for the last two weeks and it is beginning to look like there is no rational reason for this, other than a bug in the Windows Explorer in Windows 7 and 2008 R2. As soon as there is any certainty on this, I will note it here in this blog.                   The examples above are harmless tests, by using my own laptop. If you would create the same set of folders and groups, and configure exactly the same permissions, you will see exactly the same behavior. Be sure to use Windows 7 or Windows 2008 R2.   Initially the problem arose at a customer site where move operations on data on the fileserver by users would result in unpredictable results. This resulted in the wrong set of people having àccess permissions on data that they should not have permissions to. Off course this is something we want to prevent at all costs.   I have also done several tests with move operations by using the move command in a cmd prompt. This way the behavior is always consistent. The inconsistent behavior is only exposed when using the Windows Explorer to initiate the move operation, and only when using Windows 7 or Windows 2008 R2 systems. It is evident that this behavior changes when the ACL of a folder has been changed, for example by adding an extra entry. The reason for this remains uncertain though. To be continued…. A dutch version of this post can be found at: http://blogs.platani.nl/?p=612

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