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• Studies on code documentation productivity gains/losses

  - by J T

  Hi everyone, After much searching, I have failed to answer a basic question pertaining to an assumed known in the software development world: WHAT IS KNOWN: Enforcing a strict policy on adequate code documentation (be it Doxygen tags, Javadoc, or simply an abundance of comments) adds over-head to the time required to develop code. BUT: Having thorough documentation (or even an API) brings with it productivity gains (one assumes) in new and seasoned developers when they are adding features, or fixing bugs down the road. THE QUESTION: Is the added development time required to guarantee such documentation offset by the gains in productivity down-the-road (in a strictly economical sense)? I am looking for case studies, or answers that can bring with them objective evidence supporting the conclusions that are drawn. Thanks in advance!

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• Liskov principle: violation by type-hinting

  - by Elias Van Ootegem

  According to the Liskov principle, a construction like the one below is invalid, as it strengthens a pre-condition. I know the example is pointless/nonsense, but when I last asked a question like this, and used a more elaborate code sample, it seemed to distract people too much from the actual question. //Data models abstract class Argument { protected $value = null; public function getValue() { return $this->value; } abstract public function setValue($val); } class Numeric extends Argument { public function setValue($val) { $this->value = $val + 0;//coerce to number return $this; } } //used here: abstract class Output { public function printValue(Argument $arg) { echo $this->format($arg); return $this; } abstract public function format(Argument $arg); } class OutputNumeric extends Output { public function format(Numeric $arg)//<-- VIOLATION! { $format = is_float($arg->getValue()) ? '%.3f' : '%d'; return sprintf($format, $arg->getValue()); } } My question is this: Why would this kind of "violation" be considered harmful? So much so that some languages, like the one I used in this example (PHP), don't even allow this? I'm not allowed to strengthen the type-hint of an abstract method but, by overriding the printValue method, I am allowed to write: class OutputNumeric extends Output { final public function printValue(Numeric $arg) { echo $this->format($arg); } public function format(Argument $arg) { $format = is_float($arg->getValue()) ? '%.3f' : '%d'; return sprintf($format, $arg->getValue()); } } But this would imply repeating myself for each and every child of Output, and makes my objects harder to reuse. I understand why the Liskov principle exists, don't get me wrong, but I find it somewhat difficult to fathom why the signature of an abstract method in an abstract class has to be adhered to so much stricter than a non-abstract method. Could someone explain to me why I'm not allowed to hind at a child class, in a child class? The way I see it, the child class OutputNumeric is a specific use-case of Output, and thus might need a specific instance of Argument, namely Numeric. Is it really so wrong of me to write code like this?

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• Handling different screen densities in Android Devices?

  - by DevilWithin

  Well, i know there are plenty of different-sized screens in devices that run Android. The SDK I code with deploys to all major desktop platforms and android. I am aware i must have special cares to handle the different screen sizes and densities, but i just had an idea that would work in theory, and my question is exactly about that method, How could it FAIL ? So, what I do is to have an ortho camera of the same size for all devices, with possible tweaks, but anyway that would grant the proper positioning of all elements in all devices, right? We can assume everything is drawn in OpenGLES and input handling is converted to the proper camera coordinates. If you need me to improve the question, please tell me.

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• Cheerp -- C++ for web: advance or regression?

  - by Henrique Barcelos

  Recently I've run into Cheerp, a C++ to Javascript compiler, which uses a modified version of clang to generate Javascript code from C++ sources. That makes me wonder: why in the seven kingdoms would someone do this in their right mind? I mean: why would you take a language that is not designed for web at all, that is far more convoluted and bureaucratic, write your code and then compile it into Javascript itself? Can anybody see any advantages in doing so? We surely can discard performance as a reason, because in the end it generates pure Javascript code. Is there anyone here that have real experience with this? P.S.: I'm not sure if this is an on topic question, but this is the most general forum about programming that I could find in the StackExchange network. Edit Although this seems like a subjective question, it is not. I am asking for reasons that this tool could be useful. I got interested at first, but started wondering why would someone use it.

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• URL SEO : Using directories or exact keyword phrase in the URL [duplicate]

  - by rahul14gt

  This question already has an answer here: What is the best stucture of SEO friendly URL? 3 answers I am trying to understand how to best optimise a url for a page to rank high for specific keywords. Example: a top keyword search is "rental properties in new york". Question is does this keyword need to appear as this exact phrase in the url or should it be broken up into different directories for a better structure e.g.: www.abc.com/en/properties/new-york/rental OR www.abc.com/en/rental-properties-in-new-york Which will help the page rank higher (given all other things on the page are exactly the same)? Thanks!

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• Can anyone recommend a chorded keyboard for a programmer?

  - by Tom Wright

  Pre-emptive strike: It's subjective, but it's also Friday... ;) Inspired by this great question and related to this great question, I have decided to buy a chorded keyboard. (A chorded keyboard, by the way, is one with a reduced number of keys, that must be pressed together, in chords, to give all the possible characters etc. - see wikipedia) Being a programmer means that the keys I use regularly are likely different to a regular Joe (a lot more semi-colons for a start), so I was wondering if any of my fellow programmers had tested a chorded keyboard for use on the battlefield of code? Being a nerd, I'm also interested in the extent to which I'd be able to customise my chorded keyboard. (Macros? Shortcuts?) Edit I'm beginning to suspect that no-one has heard of these, let alone tried one. So we're all talking about the same thing, here's an example: Twiddler 2.1

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• iOS : Creating a 3D Compass

  - by Md. Abdul Munim

  Originally posted here: iOS : Creating a 3D Compass Hi everybody, Quite new in this forum.Posted the same question in stackoverflow and there some people suggested to shift it here, so that I can get a quick help from more specialists in this regard. So what's the big matter? Actually, I want to make a 3D metal compass in iOS which will have a movable cover. That is when you touch it by 3 fingers and try to move your fingers upward the cover keeps moving with your fingers and after certain distance it gets opened.Once you pull it down using 3 fingers again, it gets closed.I can not attach an image here as I don't have that much reputation. So I request you to check the original question at stack overflow that I linked at top. Is it possible using core animations and CALayers? Or would I have to use OpenGL ES? Please someone help me out, I am badly in need of it.And I need to complete it asap!

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• How much help should I give during technical interviews?

  - by kojiro

  I'm asked to perform or sit in during many technical interviews. We ask logic questions and simple programming problems that the interviewee is expected to be able to solve on paper. (I would rather they have access to a keyboard, but that is a problem for another time.) Sometimes I sense that people do know how to approach a problem, but they are hung up by nervousness or some second-guessing of the question (they aren't intended to be trick questions). I've never heard my boss give any help or hints. He just thanks the interviewee for the response (no matter how good or bad it is) and moves on to the next question or problem. But I know something about the rabbit hole that defeat and nerves can lead you down, and how it disables your mind, and I can't help wondering if providing a little help now and then would ultimately help us end up with more capable programmers instead of more failed interviews. Should I provide hints and assistance for befuddled interviewees (and if so, how far should I go while still being fair to the more prepared candidates)?

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• Using Substring() in XML FLOWR Queries

  - by Jonathan Kehayias

  Tonight I was monitoring the #sqlhelp hashtag on Twitter for a response to a question I asked when Randy Knight ( Twitter ) asked a question about using SUBSTRING in FLOWR statements with XML. #sqlhelp Is there a way to do a SQL Type "LIKE" or "SUBSTRING" in the where clause of FLWOR statement? Need to evaluate just first n chars. By the time I posted a response, Randy had figured out how to use the contains() function to solve his problem, but I am going to blog this because...(read more)

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• Database IDs

  - by fatherjack

  Just a quick post, mainly to test out the new blog format but related to a question on the #sqlhelp hashtag. The question came from Justin Dearing (@zippy1981) as: So I take it database_id isn’t an ever incrementing value. #sqlhelp When a new database is created it is given the lowest available ID. This either is in a gap in IDs where a database has been dropped or the database ID is incremented by one from the highest current ID if there are no gaps to fill. To see this in action, connect to your sandbox server and try this: USE MASTER GO CREATE DATABASE cherry GO USE cherry GO SELECT DB_ID() GO CREATE DATABASE grape GO USE grape GO SELECT DB_ID() GO CREATE DATABASE melon GO USE melon GO SELECT DB_ID() GO USE MASTER GO DROP DATABASE grape GO CREATE DATABASE kiwi GO USE kiwi GO SELECT DB_ID() GO USE MASTER GO DROP DATABASE cherry DROP DATABASE melon DROP DATABASE kiwi You should get an incrementing series of database IDs as the databases are created until the last one where the new database gets allocated the ID that is missing because one was dropped.

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• Installed LibreOffice 4 with ppa, how do I remove it and go back to LibreOffice 3?

  - by MMA

  EDIT This question is not at all a duplicate of How to downgrade from LibreOffice 4.0 to 3.6? The above mentioned question talks about downgrading from a specific version of LibreOffice, namely from 4.0 to 3.6. The solutions mentioned are not the ones I am looking for. They will work but I wanted a general solution without using PPA or downloading .deb files for from a higher version to a lower version. The above solutions suggest either downloading .deb files for LibreOffice 3.6 or adding repository for it. Furthermore, some of the answers put out-of-proportion~(applicable for the solution, however) stress on use of synaptic, not general command-line-solution. That made me wonder, at this very moment, if I take a fresh computer, and install Ubuntu 12.04, LibreOffice installation will work without a hitch. Then why I can not install LibreOffice in my 12.04 machine today from simple command line? This answer to my question, clarified everything. I need to use ppa-purge so that this resets all packages from a PPA to the standard versions released for my distribution. Basically it is like a way to restore my system back to the way it was before my installed packages from a PPA. This article further elaborates the idea. The above mentioned answer worked perfectly for me. Actually, this was an education for me since it taught me how do downgrade a package that was added via PPA. I had upgraded from LibreOffice 3 to LibreOffice 4 using the PPA. Now since I found that LibreOffice 4 has some issues, including handling my native language, I want to move back to LibreOffice 3. In order to accomplish this, I removed the LibreOffice config directory from my home and then purged LibreOffice from my machine. sudo apt-get purge libreoffice-* Then I removed the relevant PPA's using the sudo apt-add-repository --remove command. And then ran sudo apt-get update. Now, when I try to install LibreOffice using the command sudo apt-get install libreoffice I get an avalanche of output about unmet dependencies, something like, The following packages have unmet dependencies: libreoffice : Depends: libreoffice-core (= 1:3.5.7-0ubuntu4) but it is not going to be installed (snipped) If I dig the issue further, by using the command, sudo apt-get install libreoffice-core I get The following packages have unmet dependencies: libreoffice-core : Depends: libreoffice-common (> 1:3.5.7) but it is not going to be installed Depends: libexttextcat0 (>= 2.2-8) but it is not going to be installed Depends: ure (>= 3.5.7~) but it is not going to be installed E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages. Could you please tell me how do I install LibreOffice 3 in my machine? I am using Ubuntu 12.04 LTS.

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• How to list user installed applications (not packages)?

  - by Bucic

  Not packages and not all applications. Just the applications user installed by himself from whatever source (Software Center, manually added PPA, etc.). If the above is not possible - a list of all installed applications or at least a GUI which lists the applications so I can take screenshots of it. I've read a dozen of similar questions and people posting answers usually don't even get close to OP question merit. Please note that my question includes 'user installed'. Answer: It is not currently possible in Ubuntu Linux. (choosing tijybba's answer as the closest one though)

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• How to learn programming in Kindergarten?

  - by Kinder

  Last time I asked for peer review on a new language called KinderScript, which its Code Division Multiple Access succinct style looked like white noise that saturated two police reviewer's narrow band. The question has only 1 hour life with 38 views shortly after the shouting of shut-up-leave-now. Ok, That's totally off topic. That is not the question. I'm asking a peer review on the design of KinderScript [1], within the context of an intriguing: "How to learn programming in kindergarten?" [1] http://code.google.com/p/ac-me/downloads/detail?name=kinder.pdf&can=2&q= Thanks for any feedback. No police please. I choose this forum to ask because here has not only many professional but also many new leaners. Both views are appreciated.

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• Starting my first project and have no idea about it. Guide please.

  - by Chankey Pathak

  I am a Computer Science student (6th semester). I want to make a project and I have a team of 4 people (My friends). So we are 5 people and we have decided to make a "Web based file explorer". The project will be similar to THIS one. How should we start with this project? We guys don't know much about programming. I know Java a little and I am a RHCE so can handle the server and all such administrative stuffs. Since this is our first project so we guys have no idea how we'll make it? I know Java and other guys in the group knows C#, ASP.NET, PHP, SQL and Joomla. Please guide and give your suggestions. Thank you. PS : Perhaps my question is not complete, if you want more information then leave a comment I will edit the question.

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• Help with creating bootable usb from iso

  - by Deus Deceit

  --All this is about terminal-- I know some of you will laugh, but I'm trying to install Arch Linux, since I want to learn as much as I can about linux system and how it works. I want to be an expert (maybe in 1000 years, but that's okay :)). The problem is that even tho I know how to do some stuff under linux I'm having a hard time with those names about hard drives, usb, cd, blah blah and how to access them. Big introduction and no question yet, but the purpose is for you to see where I'm standing and give me as many details as possible. And here's the question: How can I put the .iso file in a usb that will run on computers startup and allow me to install Arch linux? Details as to how to turn my pc on and hit F8 or whatever can be discarted lmao :) Ty in advance.

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• Can anyone help solve this complex algorithmic problem?

  - by Locaaaaa

  I got this question in an interview and I was not able to solve it. You have a circular road, with N number of gas stations. You know the ammount of gas that each station has. You know the ammount of gas you need to GO from one station to the next one. Your car starts with 0. The question is: Create an algorithm, to know from which gas station you must start driving. As an exercise to me, I would translate the algorithm to C#.

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• What is the logic behind Ubuntu's messy installation process?

  - by Swaahaa

  Before you get into the conclusion that I want to " DISCUSS " this question, I would like stop you with whole respect and state that- I want A Clear Cut Answer for this question. Ubuntu is such an awesome Operating System. Why do the user dread with fear before installing each and every application. I mean why not a platform in Ubuntu which JUST INSTALLS ANYTHING. I am happy when after a lot of SUDOS, TERMINALS and this and that I INSTALL something. But what is the logic behind such a mess.

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• Google analytics: how many visitors have visited n times?

  - by Riley

  I'm trying to guess how many loyal users I have by counting the number of people that have visited the site 10 times. How can I answer this question with Google Analytics? "Visitor Loyalty" is a tempting answer, but the label for loyalty is "Visits that were the visitor's nth visit," and I want something more like "Visitors that visited n times." For example, we have 40 visits in the "51-100" visit range, but I think that could be a single user who visited 91 times. Or two users who visited 71 times each. The whole chart makes a good logic puzzle (I wonder if there's a unique solution) but doesn't easily answer the question I have.

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• Which hosted chat solutions offer the following?

  - by David

  I am looking for a chat room solution similar to the one on StackExchange to facilitate more responsive communication between the contributors on Open-Org.com. My criteria are the following: No Flash (this rules out more than half) Full history (meaning that it is possible to access all previous conversation for future reference. Very customizable No ugly IRC stuff filling up the chat view (I do not want to see who joined an who left etc.) No private conversations possible (this is just not in the spirit of Open-org.com) A hosted solution with a reasonable price. These criteria are so different from this question, so this is not a duplicate question. The service which matches this the closest is Chatroll.com. However, at 199$ per month their prices are outrageous.

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• When can I be sure a directed graph is acyclic?

  - by Daniel Scocco

  The definition for directed acyclic graph is this: "there is no way to start at some vertex v and follow a sequence of edges that eventually loops back to v again." So far so good, but I am trying to find some premises that will be simpler to test and that will also guarantee the graph is acyclic. I came up with those premises, but they are pretty basic so I am sure other people figured it out in the past (or they are incorrect). The problem is I couldn't find anything related on books/online, hence why I decided to post this question. Premise 1: If all vertices of the graph have an incoming edge, then the graph can't be acyclic. Is this correct? Premise 2: Assume the graph in question does have one vertex with no incoming edges. In this case, in order to have a cycle, at least one of the other vertices would need to have two or more incoming edges. Is this correct?

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• Unity Occlusion Portals: What and How?

  - by Nick Wiggill

  (Here I eat my words on Meta about posting Unity questions on Unity Answers... since that site is less responsive than this one.) Unity provides cell-based Occlusion Culling (via Umbra, I believe). However, a newer feature that it supports is Occlusion Portals. The question is, if BSP-based occlusion culling is already a feature of Unity, what do portals add, and how? PS. This question is not "What are portals?" -- I'm aware of the original Quake BSP-style portals -- which is partly why I find the explicit portal concept in Unity odd, since it uses BSP anyway.

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• How should I design a wizard for generating requirements and documentation

  - by user1777663

  I'm currently working in an industry where extensive documentation is required, but the apps I'm writing are all pretty much cookie cutter at a high level. What I'd like to do is build an app that asks a series of questions regarding business rules and marketing requirements to generate a requirements spec. For example, there might be a question set that asks "Does the user need to enter their age?" and a follow-up question of "What is the minimum age requirement?" If the inputs are "yes" and "18", then this app will generate requirements that look something like this: "The registration form shall include an age selector" "The registration form shall throw an error if the selected age is less than 18" Later on down the line, I'd like to extend this to do additional things like generate test cases and even code, but the idea is the same: generate some output based on rules determined by answering a set of questions. Are there any patterns I could research to better design the architecture of such an application? Is this something that I should be modeling as a finite state machine?

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• Why after each restart, my local .NET sites take time to load for the first time?

  - by Saeed Neamati

  I'm developing sites based on .NET platform. I usually deploy these sites on my local IIS, so that I can test them and see their functionality before going live. However, each time I restart windows, it seems that sites take a long time to run for the first time. I know about JIT and I'm also aware of this question, but it doesn't answer my question. Does JIT happens every time you restart windows? Is it related to creation of w3wp.exe process? Why sites are so slow for the first request after each restart?

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• How to make a deb install only when the dependency is installed, or the conflicting packages aren't?

  - by adam

  I'm making a package for Cydia, but since it uses APT/dpkg, I thought I'd ask this question here. I want my package to only install if gsc.wildcat (represents an iPad) is installed, or if gsc.front-facing-camera (represents an iPhone 4/4S) is not installed. This setup would let the package only install on the 3GS or an iPad, but there's no package that represents a 3GS that I know of. It also requires iOS 5 (firmware (>= 5.0)). Here's an excerpt from my control file: Depends: gsc.wildcat, firmware (>= 5.0) Conflicts: gsc.front-facing-camera How can I do this with only Depends/Conflicts? (Please note that this question is about dpkg and not Cydia.)

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• Is anyone doing "real" TDD with Visual-C++, and if yes, how do they do it?

  - by Martin

  Test Driven Development implies writing the test before the code and following a certain cycle: Write Test Check Test (run) Write Production Code Check Test (run) Clean up Production Code Check test (run) As far as I'm concerned, this is only possible if your development solution allows you to very quickly switch between the production and test code, and to execute the test for a certain production code part extremely quickly. Now, while there exist lots of Unit Testing Frameworks for C++ (I'm using Bost.Test atm.) it does seem that there doesn't really exist any decent (for native C++) Visual Studio (Plugin) solution that makes the TDD cycle bearable regardless of framework used. "Bearable" means that it's a one-click action to run a test for a certain cpp file without having to manually set up a separate testing project etc. "Bearable" also means that a simple test starts (linking!) and runs very quickly. So, what tools (plugins) and techniques are out there that make the TDD cycle possible for native C++ development with Visual Studio? Note: I'm fine with free or "commercial" tools. Please: No framework recommendations. (Unless the framework has a dedicated Visual Studio plugin and you want to recommend the plugin.) Edit Note: The answers so far have provided links on how to integrate a Unit Testing framework into Visual Studio. The resources more or less describe how to get the UT framework to compile and get your first Tests running. This is not what this question is about. I'm of the opinion that to really work productively, having the Unit Tests in a manually maintained(!), separate vcproj from your production classes will add so much overhead that TDD "isn't possible". As far as I am aware, you do not add extra "projects" to a Java or C# thing to enable Unit Tests and TDD, and for a good reason. This should be possible with C++ given the right tools, but it seems (this question is about) that there are very little tools for TDD/C++/VS. Googling around, I've found one tool, VisualAssert, that seems to aim in the right direction. However, afaiks, it doesn't seem to be in widespread use (compared to CppUnit, Boost.Test etc.). Edit: I would like to add a comment to the context for this question. I think it does a good summary of outlining (part of) the problem: (comment by Billy ONeal) Visual Studio does not use "build scripts" that are reasonably editable by the user. One project produces one binary. Moreover, Java has the property that Java never builds a complete binary -- the binary you build is just a ZIP of the class files. Therefore it's possible to compile separately then JAR together manually (using e.g. 7z). C++ and C# both actually link their binaries, so generally speaking you can't write a script like that. The closest you can get is to compile everything separately and then do two linkings (one for production, one for testing).

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