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• apt-get install is not able to access /etc

  - by HorusKol

  I put together an ubuntu 12.04 server a couple of weeks ago and everything seemed fine until this morning. Suddenly, I'm having trouble installing new packages - at first I thought there was something wrong with tinyproxy and so I tried installing squid instead. However, I get similar results: Starting tinyproxy: tinyproxy: Could not open config file "/etc/tinyproxy.conf".\ ... /var/lib/dpkg/info/squid3.postinst: 1: /var/lib/dpkg/info/squid3.postinst: cannot open /etc/squid3/squid.conf: No such file It seems that apt-get is not creating the configuration files needed for these programs. I haven't modified any configuration or user groups since the last successful update/install of packages. /etc is present, and is populated with a nice healthy tree of configuration files. It is owned and grouped to root, and has the properties drwxr-xr-x - all the files and folders inside seem to be fine to, as far as I can tell. I've even been able to edit/save a couple as sudo. Full output from installing tinyproxy: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following NEW packages will be installed: tinyproxy 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. Need to get 0 B/61.6 kB of archives. After this operation, 201 kB of additional disk space will be used. Selecting previously unselected package tinyproxy. (Reading database ... 58916 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking tinyproxy (from .../tinyproxy_1.8.3-1_amd64.deb) ... Processing triggers for ureadahead ... Processing triggers for man-db ... Setting up tinyproxy (1.8.3-1) ... Starting tinyproxy: tinyproxy: Could not open config file "/etc/tinyproxy.conf". invoke-rc.d: initscript tinyproxy, action "start" failed. dpkg: error processing tinyproxy (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 70 Errors were encountered while processing: tinyproxy E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) Result of strace after installation: 18467 open("/etc/ld.so.cache", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 18467 open("/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6", O_RDONLY|O_CLOEXEC) = 3 18467 read(3, "\177ELF\2\1\1\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\3\0>\0\1\0\0\0\200\30\2\0\0\0\0\0"..., 832) = 832 18467 open("/etc/tinyproxy.conf", O_RDONLY) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

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• Glume amuzante cu copii

  - by interesante

  Tatal chel; o fetita o intreaba pe mama sa: - Mama, de ce tata e asa de chel? - Deoarece are multa minte si i-a cazut parul. - Dar tu de ce ai asa de mult par in cap? - Mananca si taci!Era odata un tanar care cand era mic vroia sa se faca un "mare" scriitor. Cand i s-a cerut sa defineasca "mare" a spus: "Vreau sa scriu chestii pe care sa le citeasca toata lumea, chestii la care lumea sa reactioneze emotional, lucruri care sa-i faca sa strige, sa planga, sa urle, sa se zbata de durere, disperare si manie!" Acum lucreaza pentru Microsoft si scrie mesaje de eroare...Mai multa distractie pe un website cu jocuri flash care sa te captiveze.Un barbat zbura cu un balon cu aer cald si la un moment dat si-a dat seama ca s-a ratacit. A coborat pana aproape de pamant si a zarit o femeie pe o pajiste. Apropiindu-se de ea, el i-a strigat: -Fii amabila, poti sa ma ajuti? Am promis unui prieten ca ma intalnesc cu el, dar nu mai stiu unde ma aflu. Femeia i-a raspuns: -Te afli intr-un balon cu aer cald, la vreo 10 metri inaltime. Te gasesti intre 40 si 41 grade latitudine nord, si intre 59 si 60 de grade logitudine vest. -Ei, probabil esti inginera de profesie! spuse omul din balon. -Asa este, raspunse femeia, dar de unde stii? -Pai tot ce mi-ai spus este corect din punct de vedere tehnic, dar tot n-am idee ce-as putea face cu informatiile de la tine si sunt tot in ceata. Sa fiu sincer, nu m-ai ajutat deloc. Ba chiar pot spune ca m-ai tinut pe loc degeaba. Atunci femeia i-a raspuns: -Dar tu trebuie sa fii director! -Asa este, raspunse barbatul, dar de unde stii? -Pai nu stii unde te afli si nici incotro te indrepti. Te-ai ridicat la inaltime profitand de o flama care a incins situatia. Ai facut o promisiune pe care nu stii cum ai sa ti-o tii si te astepti ca oamenii de sub tine sa-ti rezolve problema. Adevarul este ca te afli exact in locul unde te aflai cand am inceput discutia, acum 1 minut, dar brusc constati acum ca asta este din vina mea.

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• Debugging .NET code called from X++ code in AX 2012

  - by ssmantha

  A very intriguing issue came to me to debug .Net code called from X++ code in AX 2012. This was indeed a challenge to be nailed down. Luckily the tools and some concepts helped me to achieve this task. Here it goes... We need to do a seamless debugging from AX debugger to Visual Studio back and forth. To enable this we need to first see if the dll to be debug is present in GAC then we might need to uninstall it from it due to the order of preference .NET loads the assemblies. The assemblies are first loaded from GAC and then the runtime checks for Public and Private Assemblies. Since the assembly in GAC is always compiled with runtime optimizations it is difficult to debug. We need to unhook this assembly from GAC and then move further relying on >NET assembly loading patterns. Step 1: Remove the target assembly to debug from GAC. Before that stop all the AOS servers and close all the instances of programs which rely on AOT e.g. all clients and even visual studio now. Step 2: Build your sample code which is present in AOT in debug mode and get the dll file along with PDB files. Step 3: Place these files in the Server\..\Bin and Client\bin directories of AX installation. Step 4: Configure Visual Studio: Step 4.1: Configure Debugging Options. In Visual Studio Go to Debug -> Options and Settings -> Debug node -> General sub node and disable “Enable Just My Code (managed)” Step 4.2: Specify the symbol loading directory options. Specify the locations for Client bin and server bin directories of the installation, remember to specify the correct instance of Server bin directory corresponding to your AOS. Step 4.3: Configure the project for debugging Step 5: Ready to go place your breakpoints in X++ and in .Net wherever necessary before this process... Run the Visual studio project and it will invoke the AX client with your breakpoint hitting X++ code.. and when you do a step-in using F11 the Visual studio debugger will be active and from here onwards you would be able to debug the complete flow. Debugging in seamless manner across debuggers is really very good feature and mostly underutilized, but by doing so we can have improved troubleshooting and saves a hell lot of time.. Stay tuned for more in Advanced Debugging..

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• Viewing at Impossible Angles

  - by kemer

  The picture of the little screwdriver with the Allen wrench head to the right is bound to invoke a little nostalgia for those readers who were Sun customers in the late 80s. This tool was a very popular give-away: it was essential for installing and removing Multibus (you youngsters will have to look that up on Wikipedia…) cards in our systems. Back then our mid-sized systems were gargantuan: it was routine for us to schlep around a 200 lb. desk side box and 90 lb. monitor to demo a piece of software your smart phone will run better today. We were very close to the hardware, and the first thing a new field sales systems engineer had to learn was how put together a system. If you were lucky, a grizzled service engineer might run you through the process once, then threaten your health and existence should you ever screw it up so that he had to fix it. Nowadays we make it much easier to learn the ins and outs of our hardware with simulations–3D animations–that take you through the process of putting together or replacing pieces of a system. Most recently, we have posted three sophisticated PDFs that take advantage of Acrobat 9 features to provide a really intelligent approach to documenting hardware installation and repair: Sun Fire X4800/X4800 M2 Animations for Chassis Components Sun Fire X4800/X4800 M2 Animations for Sub Assembly Module (SAM) Sun Fire X4800/X4800 M2 Animations for CMOD Download one of these documents and take a close look at it. You can view the hardware from any angle, including impossible ones. Each document has a number of procedures, that break down into steps. Click on a procedure, then a step and you will see it animated in the drawing. Of course hardware design has generally eliminated the need for things like our old giveaway tools: components snap and lock in. Often you can replace redundant units while the system is hot, but for heaven’s sake, you’ll want to verify that you can do that before you try it! Meanwhile, we can all look forward to a growing portfolio of these intelligent documents. We would love to hear what you think about them. –Kemer

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• How to store Role Based Access rights in web application?

  - by JonH

  Currently working on a web based CRM type system that deals with various Modules such as Companies, Contacts, Projects, Sub Projects, etc. A typical CRM type system (asp.net web form, C#, SQL Server backend). We plan to implement role based security so that basically a user can have one or more roles. Roles would be broken down by first the module type such as: -Company -Contact And then by the actions for that module for instance each module would end up with a table such as this: Role1 Example: Module Create Edit Delete View Company Yes Owner Only No Yes Contact Yes Yes Yes Yes In the above case Role1 has two module types (Company, and Contact). For company, the person assigned to this role can create companies, can view companies, can only edit records he/she created and cannot delete. For this same role for the module contact this user can create contacts, edit contacts, delete contacts, and view contacts (full rights basically). I am wondering is it best upon coming into the system to session the user's role with something like a: List<Role> roles; Where the Role class would have some sort of List<Module> modules; (can contain Company, Contact, etc.).? Something to the effect of: class Role{ string name; string desc; List<Module> modules; } And the module action class would have a set of actions (Create, Edit, Delete, etc.) for each module: class ModuleActions{ List<Action> actions; } And the action has a value of whether the user can perform the right: class Action{ string right; } Just a rough idea, I know the action could be an enum and the ModuleAction can probably be eliminated with a List<x, y>. My main question is what would be the best way to store this information in this type of application: Should I store it in the User Session state (I have a session class where I manage things related to the user). I generally load this during the initial loading of the application (global.asax). I can simply tack onto this session. Or should this be loaded at the page load event of each module (page load of company etc..). I eventually need to be able to hide / unhide various buttons / divs based on the user's role and that is what got me thinking to load this via session. Any examples or points would be great.

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• SSIS and StreamInsight Working Together.

  I have been thinking a lot recently about what it would be like to have StreamInsight and SSIS working together.  Well the CAT team have produced a paper on some of our options here. Here are some of my thoughts. There is of course a slight mismatch in their types of usage.  StreamInsight is an Event Stream processing engine capable of operating on new data in the sub second timeframe.  The engine allows you to do real time analytics and take decisions on events that have potentially only just happened.  SSIS on the other hand is a batch processing engine.  In general I do not like having to invoke the same package more than once every 90 seconds or so as it can start to get expensive.  Usually when doing batch processing we have an hour or longer of grace before we have to move data from A –> B. StreamInsight operates on streams of data.  Before anyone mentions it yes I know StreamInsight is equally adept at using the IEnumerable interface, but I would argue live streaming and real-time analytics is a primary goal of the product.  SSIS does not have an “Always On” button I do not like the idea of embedding StreamInsight inside SSIS using a transform particularly.  It means StreamInsight becomes a batch processing engine because it can only operate when the SSIS package is running and SSIS is in charge of when that happens. If I am to have StreamInsight within SSIS then I prefer to have StreamInsight on the adapters.  This way you can force the adapters to stay open and introduce events into your Pipeline.   SSIS has a much richer set of transforms out of the box than StreamInsight.  Although “Always On” was not a design goal of SSIS I have used it like this and it works just fine. SSIS being called from within StreamInsight, now that excites me.  see below   For a while now I have been thinking what it would be like to decouple the Data Flow task from the SSIS package and expose it as something with which you can interact.  Anything can instantiate this version of a DFT as it would expose one or more  input interfaces and one or more output interfaces.  I can imagine that this would be a big hit when moving to “The Cloud” as well.  I could see the Data Flow task maybe being hosted in Azure Appfabric or some such layer. StreamInsight would be able to take advantage of this as well.   I am interested to see where this goes and will be pressing for more meat around the subject when I visit Redmond soon.

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• Is there a language or design pattern that allows the *removal* of object behavior or properties in a class hierarchy?

  - by Sebastien Diot

  A well-know shortcoming of traditional class hierarchies is that they are bad when it comes to model the real world. As an example, trying to represent animals species with classes. There are actually several problems when doing that, but one that I never saw a solution to is when a sub-class "looses" a behavior or properties that was defined in a super-class, like a penguin not being able to fly (there are probably better examples, but that's the first one that comes to my mind, having seen "Madagascar 2" recently). On the one hand, you don't want to define for every property and behavior some flag that specifies if it is at all present, and check it every time before accessing that behavior or property. You would just like to say that birds can fly, simply and clearly, in the Bird class. But then it would be nice if one could define "exceptions" afterward, without having to use some horrible hacks everywhere. This often happens when a system has been productive for a while. You suddenly find an "exception" that doesn't fit in the original design at all, and you don't want to change a large portion of your code to accommodate it. So, is there some language or design patterns that can cleanly handle this problem, without requiring major changes to the "super-class", and all the code that uses it? Even if a solution only handle a specific case, several solutions might together form a complete strategy. [EDIT] Forgot about the Liskov Substitution Principle. That is why you can't do it. Assuming you define "traits/interfaces" for all major "feature groups", you can freely implement traits in different branches of the hierarchy, like the Flying trait could be implemented by Birds, and some special kind of squirrels and fish. So my question could amount to "How could I un-implement a trait?" If your super-class is a Java Serializable, you have to be one too, even if there is no way for you to serialize your state, for example if you contained a "Socket". So one way to do it is to always define all your traits in pair from the start: Flying and NotFlying (which would throw UnsupportedOperationExceiption, if not checked against). The Not-trait would not define any new interface, and could be simply checked for. Sounds like a "cheap" solution, in particular if used from the start.

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• Ubuntu on Pandaboard giving me troubles

  - by Jeroen Jacobs

  I'm trying to install the OMAP4 extras for ubuntu on my pandaboard. For some reason, a few packages can't seem to be agree with eachother. This what I did so far: installed on Ubuntu 11.10 on sd card Powered on Pandaboard and let it finish it's initial install Did an "apt-get update" and "apt-get upgrade", to install updates So far, everything went fine, and I was quite happy with my Pandaboard, but then I made the mistake of typing this: apt-get install ubuntu-imap4-extras At first, everything seemed ok, and it started downloading and installing. But then after a while it just crashed. I tried it again but then it gave me this: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done ubuntu-omap4-extras is already the newest version. You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these: The following packages have unmet dependencies: gstreamer0.10-openmax : Depends: gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad but it is not going to be installed gstreamer0.10-plugin-ducati : Depends: gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad but it is not going to be installed ubuntu-omap4-extras-multimedia : Depends: gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad (>= 0.10.22-2ubuntu4+ti1.5) but it is not going to be installed E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution). So I tried to the suggestion: apt-get -f install: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Correcting dependencies... Done The following extra packages will be installed: gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad The following NEW packages will be installed: gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 4 not upgraded. 88 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 0 B/1,794 kB of archives. After this operation, 4,571 kB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y (Reading database ... 143575 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad (from .../gstreamer0.10-plugins bad_0.10.22-2ubuntu4+ti1.5.4.8+1_armel.deb) ... dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad_0.10.22-2ubuntu4+ti1.5.4.8+1_armel.deb (--unpack): trying to overwrite '/usr/lib/libgstbasecamerabinsrc-0.10.so.0.0.0', which is also in package gstreamer0.10-plugins-good 0.10.30-1ubuntu7.1 dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe) Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad_0.10.22-2ubuntu4+ti1.5.4.8+1_armel.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) Seems like two packages (plugins-good and plugins-bad) are fighting over the same library. Any idea on how to fix this??

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• Upgrading to Ubuntu 11.04 failed

  - by Rupert

  Today Ubuntu asked me to upgrade to 11.04. The installation went completely fine until right at the end when the following packages failed: install-info ubuntu-standard The installer hung so I had to shut it down manually. Ubuntu still works fine but it says that the upgrade didn't work properly so I am hesitant to restart it until I have resolved the problem in case I can't get back in. I am running Ubuntu inside the latest version of Virtual Box and was previously running version 10.10. I have tried installing install-info manually with apt-get but I get the following error: Unhandled exception: [#<SystemStackError: stack level too deep>] /usr/local/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ZenTest-4.5.0/lib/autotest.rb:842:in `block in <class:Autotest>': undefined method `backtrace' for [#<SystemStackError: stack level too deep>]:Array (NoMethodError) from /usr/local/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ZenTest-4.5.0/lib/autotest.rb:828:in `[]' from /usr/local/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ZenTest-4.5.0/lib/autotest.rb:828:in `block in hook' from /usr/local/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ZenTest-4.5.0/lib/autotest.rb:828:in `each' from /usr/local/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ZenTest-4.5.0/lib/autotest.rb:828:in `any?' from /usr/local/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ZenTest-4.5.0/lib/autotest.rb:828:in `hook' from /usr/local/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ZenTest-4.5.0/lib/autotest.rb:344:in `rescue in run' from /usr/local/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ZenTest-4.5.0/lib/autotest.rb:320:in `run' from /usr/local/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ZenTest-4.5.0/lib/autotest.rb:241:in `run' from /usr/local/ruby/lib/ruby/gems/1.9.1/gems/ZenTest-4.5.0/bin/autotest:6:in `<top (required)>' from /usr/local/ruby/bin/autotest:19:in `load' from /usr/local/ruby/bin/autotest:19:in `<main>' dpkg: error processing install-info (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1 dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of info: info depends on install-info; however: Package install-info is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing info (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of ubuntu-standard: ubuntu-standard depends on info; however: Package info is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing ubuntu-standard (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because the error message indicates it's a follow-up error from a previous failure. No apport report written because the error message indicates it's a follow-up error from a previous failure. Errors were encountered while processing: install-info info ubuntu-standard E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) Any ideas on what I should try next?

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• Ubuntu Dual Screen Using Virtual Machine - AMD GPU

  - by Chris

  I've been searching online and reading tutorials and etc about how to make my ubuntu VM dual screen(x86_64). I have first tried to run these commands: sudo aticonfig --initial -f which gave me the ouput of: sudo: aitconfig: command not found I then googled the output and followed these instructions that I tells me to install my ATI drivers onto my ubuntu. wget http://www2.ati.com/drivers/linux/ati-driver-installer-11-5-x86.x86_64.run sudo sh ati-driver-installer-11-5-x86.x86_64.run --buildpkg Ubuntu/natty sudo dpkg -i *.deb sudo apt-get -f install sudo aticonfig -f --initial --adapter=all sudo reboot It all works well until I input sudo apt-get -f install which gives me the following output: sudo apt-get -f install Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 25 not upgraded. 3 not fully installed or removed. After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used. Setting up fglrx (2:8.850-0ubuntu1) ... update-alternatives: error: alternative link /usr/bin/aticonfig is already managed by x86_64-linux-gnu_gl_conf. dpkg: error processing fglrx (--configure): subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2 dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of fglrx-amdcccle: fglrx-amdcccle depends on fglrx; however: Package fglrx is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing fglrx-amdcccle (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of fglrx-dev: fglrx-dev depends on fglrx; however: Package fglrx is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing fglrx-dev (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure. No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure. Errors were encountered while processing: fglrx fglrx-amdcccle fglrx-dev E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) At this point, I don't know what to do since running: gksudo amdcccle For the record, I have 3D acceleration turned on. The following is my GPU for my VM lspci | grep VGA 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: InnoTek Systemberatung GmbH VirtualBox Graphics Adapter Any Help on how I can make my VM dual screen with Ubuntu would be great. Thank you in advance.

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• Package dependency errors : libc

  - by piyush

  I was trying to install kde-full when the libc had some unmet dependencies error. When saying sudo apt-get install kde-full the terminal has this in the end libc6 : Depends: libc-bin (= 2.15-0ubuntu10) libc6:i386 : Depends: libc-bin:i386 (= 2.15-0ubuntu10) libc6-dev : Depends: libc6 (= 2.15-0ubuntu10.3) but 2.15-0ubuntu10 is to be installed libc6-i386 : Depends: libc6 (= 2.15-0ubuntu10.3) but 2.15-0ubuntu10 is to be installed When running sudo apt-get -f install, this shows up at the end De-configuring libc6:i386 ... A copy of the C library was found in an unexpected directory: '/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc-2.15.so' It is not safe to upgrade the C library in this situation; please remove that copy of the C library or get it out of '/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu' and try again. dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6_2.15-0ubuntu10.3_amd64.deb (--unpack): subprocess new pre-installation script returned error exit status 1 Preparing to replace libc6:i386 2.15-0ubuntu10 (using .../libc6_2.15-0ubuntu10.3_i386.deb) ... De-configuring libc6 ... A copy of the C library was found in an unexpected directory: '/lib/i386-linux-gnu/ld-2.15.so' It is not safe to upgrade the C library in this situation; please remove that copy of the C library or get it out of '/lib/i386-linux-gnu' and try again. dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6_2.15-0ubuntu10.3_i386.deb (--unpack): subprocess new pre-installation script returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6_2.15-0ubuntu10.3_amd64.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6_2.15-0ubuntu10.3_i386.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) Any suggestions how to fix this. I don't desire to have kde-full anymore; only that other installations should work. I've done sudo apt-get update several times, so those suggestions can be kept away UPD : here is output of dpkg configure ~$ sudo dpkg --configure -a dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libc6-dev: libc6-dev depends on libc6 (= 2.15-0ubuntu10.3); however: Version of libc6 on system is 2.15-0ubuntu10. dpkg: error processing libc6-dev (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libc6-i386: libc6-i386 depends on libc6 (= 2.15-0ubuntu10.3); however: Version of libc6 on system is 2.15-0ubuntu10. dpkg: error processing libc6-i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Errors were encountered while processing: libc6-dev libc6-i386 ~$

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• Engine Rendering pipeline : Making shaders generic

  - by fakhir

  I am trying to make a 2D game engine using OpenGL ES 2.0 (iOS for now). I've written Application layer in Objective C and a separate self contained RendererGLES20 in C++. No GL specific call is made outside the renderer. It is working perfectly. But I have some design issues when using shaders. Each shader has its own unique attributes and uniforms that need to be set just before the main draw call (glDrawArrays in this case). For instance, in order to draw some geometry I would do: void RendererGLES20::render(Model * model) { // Set a bunch of uniforms glUniformMatrix4fv(.......); // Enable specific attributes, can be many glEnableVertexAttribArray(......); // Set a bunch of vertex attribute pointers: glVertexAttribPointer(positionSlot, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, stride, m->pCoords); // Now actually Draw the geometry glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, m->vertexCount); // After drawing, disable any vertex attributes: glDisableVertexAttribArray(.......); } As you can see this code is extremely rigid. If I were to use another shader, say ripple effect, i would be needing to pass extra uniforms, vertex attribs etc. In other words I would have to change the RendererGLES20 render source code just to incorporate the new shader. Is there any way to make the shader object totally generic? Like What if I just want to change the shader object and not worry about game source re-compiling? Any way to make the renderer agnostic of uniforms and attributes etc?. Even though we need to pass data to uniforms, what is the best place to do that? Model class? Is the model class aware of shader specific uniforms and attributes? Following shows Actor class: class Actor : public ISceneNode { ModelController * model; AIController * AI; }; Model controller class: class ModelController { class IShader * shader; int textureId; vec4 tint; float alpha; struct Vertex * vertexArray; }; Shader class just contains the shader object, compiling and linking sub-routines etc. In Game Logic class I am actually rendering the object: void GameLogic::update(float dt) { IRenderer * renderer = g_application->GetRenderer(); Actor * a = GetActor(id); renderer->render(a->model); } Please note that even though Actor extends ISceneNode, I haven't started implementing SceneGraph yet. I will do that as soon as I resolve this issue. Any ideas how to improve this? Related design patterns etc? Thank you for reading the question.

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• How i can fix " E: Internal Error, No file name for libc6 "

  - by SMAOUH

  Hello all please i need your help to fix this problem i have 2 broken packages system and i can't reinstall them or make any other option : update , upgrade , install & remove app .... Ubuntu 12.04.3 I have not found any solutions please help me sudo apt-get install -f smaouh@Linux:~$ sudo apt-get install -f [sudo] password for smaouh: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: libopenal1 libpam-winbind libao-common gnome-exe-thumbnailer libqca2-plugin-ossl gir1.2-champlain-0.12 libmagickcore4 libmagickwand4 libmagickcore4-extra libcapi20-3 python-unidecode libopenal-data liblqr-1-0 gir1.2-gtkchamplain-0.12 unixodbc wine-gecko2.21 libchamplain-0.12-0 python-glade2 imagemagick-common libosmesa6 oss-compat gimp-help-common esound-common gimp-help-en libmpg123-0 ttf-mscorefonts-installer imagemagick winbind libodbc1 fonts-droid fonts-unfonts-core libchamplain-gtk-0.12-0 libclutter-gtk-1.0-0 gir1.2-gtkclutter-1.0 Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 386 not upgraded. 4 not fully installed or removed. After this operation, 0B of additional disk space will be used. dpkg: error processing libc6 (--configure): libc6:amd64 2.15-0ubuntu10.5 cannot be configured because libc6:i386 is in a different version (2.15-0ubuntu10.4) dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libc-dev-bin: libc-dev-bin depends on libc6 (>> 2.15); however: Package libc6 is not configured yet. libc-dev-bin depends on libc6 (<< 2.16); however: Package libc6 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libc-dev-bin (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libc6-dev: libc6-dev depends on libc6 (= 2.15-0ubuntu10.5); however: Package libc6 is not configured yet. libc6-dev depends on libc-dev-bin (= 2.15-0ubuntu10.5); however: Package libc-dev-bin is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libc6-dev (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of libc6-i386: libc6-i386 depends on libc6 (= 2.15-0ubuntu10.5); however: Package libc6 is not configured yet. dpkg: error processing libc6-i386 (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure. No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure. No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already Errors were encountered while processing: libc6 libc-dev-bin libc6-dev libc6-i386 E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) smaouh@Linux:~$

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• Broken package after update: linux-headers, error brokencount >0

  - by escozul

  Ubuntu 12.04. After an update, I get a red warning icon in the system tray, warning about an error: broken count 0 Opening Update manager, I see that the broken package is linux-headers-3.2.0-33-generic-pae (new install) Specificaly I have my ubuntu on an AspireOne with 8gb internal storage. I tried apt-get clean as suggested in another question on this site, and tried reinstalling the package in Synaptic. I have tried to reboot but to no avail. I have also tried apt-get install --fix-broken and I get the following: sudo apt-get install --fix-broken [sudo] password for elina: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done Correcting dependencies... Done The following extra packages will be installed: linux-headers-3.2.0-33-generic-pae The following NEW packages will be installed: linux-headers-3.2.0-33-generic-pae 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 38 not upgraded. 1 not fully installed or removed. Need to get 0 B/977 kB of archives. After this operation 11,3 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue [Y/n]; y (Reading database ... 437051 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking linux-headers-3.2.0-33-generic-pae (from .../linux-headers-3.2.0-33-generic-pae_3.2.0-33.52_i386.deb) ... dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-headers-3.2.0-33-generic-pae_3.2.0-33.52_i386.deb (--unpack): unable to create `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.2.0-33-generic-pae/include/config/usb/gspca/sonixb.h.dpkg-new' (while processing `./usr/src/linux-headers-3.2.0-33-generic-pae/include/config/usb/gspca/sonixb.h'): No space left on device No apport report written because the error message indicates a disk full error dpkg-deb: error: subprocess paste was killed by signal (Broken pipe) Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/linux-headers-3.2.0-33-generic-pae_3.2.0-33.52_i386.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) I've tried all suggestions I could find: sudo apt-get clean sudo apt-get autoclean sudo apt-get autoremove sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade sudo apt-get -f install sudo apt-get install --fix-broken Then I saw that on the error there was a mention about free space. So I did a df -h and the result was: Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1 7,0G 5,5G 1,1G 84% / udev 235M 4,0K 235M 1% /dev tmpfs 97M 816K 96M 1% /run none 5,0M 0 5,0M 0% /run/lock none 242M 352K 242M 1% /run/shm I see that on my root folder I have 1.1Gb free. The broken package is linux-headers-3.2.0-33-generic-pae_3.2.0-33.52_i386.deb which only takes up 11.3Mb on my hard drive. I'm soooo lost. I really hope there is something I'm missing here. I don't want to go about reformatting this bucket. It's really not worth the time. Any help for fixing this would be hot.

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• How to use TFS as a query tracking system?

  - by deostroll

  We already use tfs for managing defects in code etc, etc. We additionally need a way to "understand the domain & requirements of the products". Normally, without tfs we exchange emails with the consultants and have the questions/queries answered. If it is a feature implementation we sometimes "find" conflicts in the implementation itself. And when that happens the userstory is modified and the enhancement/bug as per that is raised in TFS. Sometimes it is critical we come back to decisions we made or questions we wanted answers to. Hence we need to be able to track how that "requirement idea" or that "query in concern" evolved. Hence how is it that we can use TFS to track all of this? Do we raise an "issue" item for this? Or do we raise a "bug" item? The main things we'd ideally look in a query tracking system are as follows: Area: Can be a module, submodule, domain. Sometimes this may be "General" - to address domain related stuff, or, event more granular to address modules, sub-modules. Take the case for the latter, if we were tracking this in excel sheets, we'd just write module1,submodule2; i.e. in a comma separated fashion. The things I would like here is to be able search for all queries relating to submodule2 sometime in the future. Responses: This is a record of conversations between the consultant and any other stakeholder. For a simple case, it would just be paragraphs. Each para would start with a name and date enclosed in brackets and the response following that...each para would be like a thread - much like a forum thread Action taken: We'd want to know how the query was closed, what was the input given, what were the changes that took place because of that, etc etc. These are fields I think I would need in such a system apart from some obvious ones like status, address to, resovled by, etc. I am open for any other fields which are sort of important. To summarise my question: how can we manage "queries" in the system? Where should we ideally store data pertaining to those three fields I have mentioned above (for e.g. is it wise to store responses in the history tag assuming we are opening a bug for the query)?

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• iscsitarget suddenly broken after upgrade of the 12.04 Hardware Stack

  - by RapidWebs

  After an upgrade to the latest Hardware Stack using Ubuntu 12.04, my iscsi service is not longer operational. The error from the service is such: FATAL: Module iscsi_trgt not found. I have learned that I might need to reinstall the package iscsitarget-dkms. this package builds a driver or something during installation, from source. During this build process, it reports and error, and now has also broke my package manager. Here is the relevant output: Building module: cleaning build area.... make KERNELRELEASE=3.13.0-34-generic -C /lib/modules/3.13.0-34-generic/build M=/var/lib/dkms/iscsitarget/1.4.20.2/build........(bad exit status: 2) Error! Bad return status for module build on kernel: 3.13.0-34-generic (i686) Consult /var/lib/dkms/iscsitarget/1.4.20.2/build/make.log for more information. Errors were encountered while processing: iscsitarget E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) and this is the information provided by make.log: or iscsitarget-1.4.20.2 for kernel 3.13.0-34-generic (i686) Fri Aug 15 22:07:15 EDT 2014 make: Entering directory /usr/src/linux-headers-3.13.0-34-generic LD /var/lib/dkms/iscsitarget/1.4.20.2/build/built-in.o LD /var/lib/dkms/iscsitarget/1.4.20.2/build/kernel/built-in.o CC [M] /var/lib/dkms/iscsitarget/1.4.20.2/build/kernel/tio.o CC [M] /var/lib/dkms/iscsitarget/1.4.20.2/build/kernel/iscsi.o CC [M] /var/lib/dkms/iscsitarget/1.4.20.2/build/kernel/nthread.o CC [M] /var/lib/dkms/iscsitarget/1.4.20.2/build/kernel/wthread.o /var/lib/dkms/iscsitarget/1.4.20.2/build/kernel/wthread.c: In function ‘worker_thread’: /var/lib/dkms/iscsitarget/1.4.20.2/build/kernel/wthread.c:73:28: error: void value not ignored as it ought to be /var/lib/dkms/iscsitarget/1.4.20.2/build/kernel/wthread.c:74:3: error: implicit declaration of function ‘get_io_context’ [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration] /var/lib/dkms/iscsitarget/1.4.20.2/build/kernel/wthread.c:74:21: warning: assignment makes pointer from integer without a cast [enabled by default] cc1: some warnings being treated as errors make[2]: * [/var/lib/dkms/iscsitarget/1.4.20.2/build/kernel/wthread.o] Error 1 make[1]: * [/var/lib/dkms/iscsitarget/1.4.20.2/build/kernel] Error 2 make: * [module/var/lib/dkms/iscsitarget/1.4.20.2/build] Error 2 make: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.13.0-34-generic' I am at a loss on how to resolve this issue. any help would be appreciated!

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• Need help fixing DPKG errors after update from 12.04 to 12.10

  - by James Wulfe

  So I was doing fine then i upgraded my system to 12.10 and now i cant get my system to update all of its packages properly. no matter what i do, what is happening here and how do i fix this. if i would have thought 12.10 would be this much of a hassle i would have never upgraded..... here is a sampling of the code that returns from "apt-get -f install" It should also be noted that it is just these 6 packages only. no other packages have given me this kind of trouble. well i should say as of now. It was just 5, but them i got an update for unity, and now unity-common is added to the trouble makers. which prevents me from further upgrading the actual unity package as this package is a dependancy. Preparing to replace usb-modeswitch-data 20120120-0ubuntu1 (using .../usb-modeswitch-data_20120815-1_all.deb) ... /var/lib/dpkg/info/usb-modeswitch-data.prerm: 4: /var/lib/dpkg/info/usb-modeswitch-data.prerm: dpkg-maintscript-helper: Input/output error dpkg: warning: subprocess old pre-removal script returned error exit status 2 dpkg: trying script from the new package instead ... /var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: 4: /var/lib/dpkg/tmp.ci/prerm: dpkg-maintscript-helper: Input/output error dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/usb-modeswitch-data_20120815-1_all.deb (--unpack): subprocess new pre-removal script returned error exit status 2 /var/lib/dpkg/info/usb-modeswitch-data.postinst: 7: /var/lib/dpkg/info/usb-modeswitch-data.postinst: dpkg-maintscript-helper: Input/output error dpkg: error while cleaning up: subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2 Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/network-manager_0.9.6.0-0ubuntu7_i386.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/pcmciautils_018-8_i386.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/unity-common_6.10.0-0ubuntu2_all.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/whoopsie_0.2.7_i386.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/usb-modeswitch_1.2.3+repack0-1ubuntu3_i386.deb /var/cache/apt/archives/usb-modeswitch-data_20120815-1_all.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) I would also like to note i have cleaned apt cashe both through the terminal and manualy, i have tried installing them manually through dpkg from both the /var/cache/apt/archives/ location and from my own manually downloaded .deb files. i have tried using dpkg-reconfigure and i have used bleachbit to clean my system. I have also tested both my HDD and memory and found no significant errors to lead to the input/output errors. Quite frankly i am just out of options and have grown tired of trying to google a solution to this mess but still do not wish to pursue backing up settings and reinstalling the system. Any help would be appreciated. I am only interested in answers, please leave your feeling towards grammar, punctuation, and bias towards how a "post should look" at the door. If you dont have something to contribute towards solving my problem then you are just doing nothing but contributing to it. Thank you.

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• Fraud and Anomaly Detection using Oracle Data Mining YouTube-like Video

  - by chberger

  I've created and recorded another YouTube-like presentation and "live" demos of Oracle Advanced Analytics Option, this time focusing on Fraud and Anomaly Detection using Oracle Data Mining.  [Note:  It is a large MP4 file that will open and play in place.  The sound quality is weak so you may need to turn up the volume.] Data is your most valuable asset. It represents the entire history of your organization and its interactions with your customers.  Predictive analytics leverages data to discover patterns, relationships and to help you even make informed predictions.   Oracle Data Mining (ODM) automatically discovers relationships hidden in data.  Predictive models and insights discovered with ODM address business problems such as:  predicting customer behavior, detecting fraud, analyzing market baskets, profiling and loyalty.  Oracle Data Mining, part of the Oracle Advanced Analytics (OAA) Option to the Oracle Database EE, embeds 12 high performance data mining algorithms in the SQL kernel of the Oracle Database. This eliminates data movement, delivers scalability and maintains security.  But, how do you find these very important needles or possibly fraudulent transactions and huge haystacks of data? Oracle Data Mining’s 1 Class Support Vector Machine algorithm is specifically designed to identify rare or anomalous records.  Oracle Data Mining's 1-Class SVM anomaly detection algorithm trains on what it believes to be considered “normal” records, build a descriptive and predictive model which can then be used to flags records that, on a multi-dimensional basis, appear to not fit in--or be different.  Combined with clustering techniques to sort transactions into more homogeneous sub-populations for more focused anomaly detection analysis and Oracle Business Intelligence, Enterprise Applications and/or real-time environments to "deploy" fraud detection, Oracle Data Mining delivers a powerful advanced analytical platform for solving important problems.  With OAA/ODM you can find suspicious expense report submissions, flag non-compliant tax submissions, fight fraud in healthcare claims and save huge amounts of money in fraudulent claims  and abuse.   This presentation and several brief demos will show Oracle Data Mining's fraud and anomaly detection capabilities.  

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• Mixing Forms and Token Authentication in a single ASP.NET Application

  - by Your DisplayName here!

  I recently had the task to find out how to mix ASP.NET Forms Authentication with WIF’s WS-Federation. The FormsAuth app did already exist, and a new sub-directory of this application should use ADFS for authentication. Minimum changes to the existing application code would be a plus ;) Since the application is using ASP.NET MVC this was quite easy to accomplish – WebForms would be a little harder, but still doable. I will discuss the MVC solution here. To solve this problem, I made the following changes to the standard MVC internet application template: Added WIF’s WSFederationAuthenticationModule and SessionAuthenticationModule to the modules section. Add a WIF configuration section to configure the trust with ADFS. Added a new authorization attribute. This attribute will go on controller that demand ADFS (or STS in general) authentication. The attribute logic is quite simple – it checks for authenticated users – and additionally that the authentication type is set to Federation. If that’s the case all is good, if not, the redirect to the STS will be triggered. public class RequireTokenAuthenticationAttribute : AuthorizeAttribute {     protected override bool AuthorizeCore(HttpContextBase httpContext)     {         if (httpContext.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated &&             httpContext.User.Identity.AuthenticationType.Equals( WIF.AuthenticationTypes.Federation, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))         {             return true;         }                     return false;     }     protected override void HandleUnauthorizedRequest(AuthorizationContext filterContext)     {                    // do the redirect to the STS         var message = FederatedAuthentication.WSFederationAuthenticationModule.CreateSignInRequest( "passive", filterContext.HttpContext.Request.RawUrl, false);         filterContext.Result = new RedirectResult(message.RequestUrl);     } } That’s it ;) If you want to know why this works (and a possible gotcha) – read my next post.

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• Web Apps vs Web Services: 302s and 401s are not always good Friends

  - by Your DisplayName here!

  It is not very uncommon to have web sites that have web UX and services content. The UX part maybe uses WS-Federation (or some other redirect based mechanism). That means whenever an authorization error occurs (401 status code), this is picked by the corresponding redirect module and turned into a redirect (302) to the login page. All is good. But in services, when you emit a 401, you typically want that status code to travel back to the client agent, so it can do error handling. These two approaches conflict. If you think (like me) that you should separate UX and services into separate apps, you don’t need to read on. Just do it ;) If you need to mix both mechanisms in a single app – here’s how I solved it for a project. I sub classed the redirect module – this was in my case the WIF WS-Federation HTTP module and modified the OnAuthorizationFailed method. In there I check for a special HttpContext item, and if that is present, I suppress the redirect. Otherwise everything works as normal: class ServiceAwareWSFederationAuthenticationModule : WSFederationAuthenticationModule {     protected override void OnAuthorizationFailed(AuthorizationFailedEventArgs e)     {         base.OnAuthorizationFailed(e);         var isService = HttpContext.Current.Items[AdvertiseWcfInHttpPipelineBehavior.DefaultLabel];         if (isService != null)         {             e.RedirectToIdentityProvider = false;         }     } } Now the question is, how do you smuggle that value into the HttpContext. If it is a MVC based web service, that’s easy of course. In the case of WCF, one approach that worked for me was to set it in a service behavior (dispatch message inspector to be exact): public void BeforeSendReply( ref Message reply, object correlationState) {     if (HttpContext.Current != null)     {         HttpContext.Current.Items[DefaultLabel] = true;     } } HTH

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• Contract Lifecycle Management for Public Sector

  - by jeffrey.waterman

  Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0in; mso-para-margin-right:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0in; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} One thing Oracle never seems to get enough credit for is its consistent quest to improve its products, even the ones as established as its back-office solutions. Here is another example of one of the latest improvements: Contract Lifecycle Management for Public Sector, or CLM. The latest EBS module geared specifically for the Federal acquisition community. Our existing customers have been asking Oracle for years to upgrade its Advanced Procurement Suite to meet the complex procurement processes of the Federal Government. You asked; we listened. Oracle, with direct input from Federal agencies, subject matter experts, integration partners, and the Federal acquisition community, has expanded and deepened its procurement suite to meet the unique demands of the Federal acquisition community. New benefits/features include: Contract Line Item/Sub-Line Item (CLIN/SLIN) structures Configurable Document Numbering Complex Pricing Contract Types ( as per FAR Part 16) Option lines and exercising of options Incremental Funding capability Support for multiple document types (delivery orders, BPA call orders, awards, agreements, IDIQ contracts) Requisition lines to fund modifications Workload assignment and milestones Contract Action Reporting to FPDS-NG I’ve been conducting many tests over the past few months and have been quite impressed with the depth of features and the seamless integration to Federal Financials, specifically the funds control within the financials. Again, thank you for reading. If you have suggestions for future posts, please leave them in the comments section and I’ll take it from there.

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• How can I keep directories in sync

  - by Guillaume Boudreau

  I have a directory, dirA, that users can work in: they can create, modify, rename and delete files & sub-directores in dirA. I want to keep another directory, dirB, in sync with dirA. What I'd like, is a discussion on finding a working algorithm that would achieve the above, with the limitations listed below. Requirements: 1. Something asynchronous - I don't want to stop file operations in dirA while I work in dirB. 2. I can't assume that I can just blindly rsync dirA to dirB on regular interval - dirA could contain millions of files & directories, and terrabytes of data. Completely walking the dirA tree could take hours. Those two requirements makes this really difficult. Having it asynchronous means that when I start working on a specific file from dirA, it might have moved a lot since it appeared. And the second limitation means that I really need to watch dirA, and work on atomic file operations that I notice. Current (broken) implementation: 1. Log all file & directory operations in dirA. 2. Using a separate process, read that log, and 'repeat' all the logged operations in dirB. Why is it broken: echo 1 > dirA/file1 # Allow the 'log reader' process to create dirB/file1: log = "write dirA/file1"; action = cp dirA/file1 dirB/file1; result = OK echo 1 > dirA/file2 mv dirA/file1 dirA/file3 mv dirA/file2 dirA/file1 rm dirA/file3 # End result: file1 contains '1' # 'log reader' process starts working on the 4 above file operations: log = "write file2"; action = cp dirA/file2 dirB/file2; result = failed: there is no dirA/file2 log = "rename file1 file3"; action = mv dirB/file1 dirB/file3; result = OK log = "rename file2 file1"; action = mv dirB/file2 dirB/file1; result = failed: there is no dirB/file2 log = "delete file3"; action = rm dirB/file3; result = OK # End result in dirB: no more files! Another broken example: echo 1 > dirA/dir1/file1 mv dirA/dir1 dirA/dir2 # 'log reader' process starts working on the 2 above file operations: log = "write file1"; action = cp dirA/dir1/file1 dirB/dir1/file1; result = failed: there is no dirA/dir1/file1 log = "rename dir1 dir2"; action = mv dirB/dir1 dirB/dir2; result = failed: there is no dirA/dir1 # End result if dirB: nothing!

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• What should filenames and URLs of images contain for SEO benefit?

  - by Baumr

  We know that good site architecture usually looks like this: example-company.com/ example-company.com/about/ example-company.com/contact/ example-company.com/products/ example-company.com/products/category/ example-company.com/products/category/productname/ Now, when it comes to Google Image search, it is clear that the img alt tag, filename/URL, and surrounding text (captions, headings, paragraphs) have an effect on ranking. I want to ask about the filename of the images that we should use (e.g. product-photo.jpg). ...but first about the URL: Often web developers stick all images in a single folder in the root: example-company.com/img/ — and I have stopped doing that. (I don't want to get into it, but basically, it seems more semantic for images which make up part of the content at each sub-directory) However, when all images appear in a folder, I feel that their filename needs to reflect what they are a bit more than usual, for example: example-company.com/img/example-company-productname-category.jpg It's a longer filename than just product.png, but as long as it's relevant, I see no problem with regards to SEO (unless you're keyword stuffing), and it could even help rank for keywords: "example company" "productname" "category" So no questions there. But what about when we have places images in the site architecture we outlined at the beginning? In other words, what if image URL paths look like this: example-company.com/products/category/productname/productname.jpg My question is, should the URL be kept short like above and only have the "productname" (and some descriptive keywords) as part of it's filename? Or, should it also include the "example-company" and "category"? Like so: example-company.com/products/category/productname/example-company-category-productname.jpg That seems much longer, and redundant when we look at the URL, but here are a few considerations. Images are often downloaded onto computers, and, to the average user, they lose their original URL and thus — it isn't clear where they came from. Also, some social networks, forums, and other platforms leave the filename intact when uploaded. (Many others rewrite it, for example, Pinterest and Facebook.) Another consideration, will this really help (even if ever so slightly) rank in Google Image Search, or at least inform Google that the product is something specific to the "example-company"? For example, what if this product can only be bought at this store and is the flagship product? In addition to an abundance of internal links to this product page, would having the "example company" name and "category" help it appear in "example company" searches? In other words, is less more?

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• C-states and P-states : confounding factors for benchmarking

  - by Dave

  I was recently looking into a performance issue in the java.util.concurrent (JUC) fork-join pool framework related to particularly long latencies when trying to wake (unpark) threads in the pool. Eventually I tracked the issue down to the power & scaling governor and idle-state policies on x86. Briefly, P-states refer to the set of clock rates (speeds) at which a processor can run. C-states reflect the possible idle states. The deeper the C-state (higher numerical values) the less power the processor will draw, but the longer it takes the processor to respond and exit that sleep state on the next idle to non-idle transition. In some cases the latency can be worse than 100 microseconds. C0 is normal execution state, and P0 is "full speed" with higher Pn values reflecting reduced clock rates. C-states are P-states are orthogonal, although P-states only have meaning at C0. You could also think of the states as occupying a spectrum as follows : P0, P1, P2, Pn, C1, C2, ... Cn, where all the P-states are at C0. Our fork-join framework was calling unpark() to wake a thread from the pool, and that thread was being dispatched onto a processor at deep C-state, so we were observing rather impressive latencies between the time of the unpark and the time the thread actually resumed and was able to accept work. (I originally thought we were seeing situations where the wakee was preempting the waker, but that wasn't the case. I'll save that topic for a future blog entry). It's also worth pointing out that higher P-state values draw less power and there's usually some latency in ramping up the clock (P-states) in response to offered load. The issue of C-states and P-states isn't new and has been described at length elsewhere, but it may be new to Java programmers, adding a new confounding factor to benchmarking methodologies and procedures. To get stable results I'd recommend running at C0 and P0, particularly for server-side applications. As appropriate, disabling "turbo" mode may also be prudent. But it also makes sense to run with the system defaults to understand if your application exhibits any performance sensitivity to power management policies. The operating system power management sub-system typically control the P-state and C-states based on current and recent load. The scaling governor manages P-states. Operating systems often use adaptive policies that try to avoid deep C-states for some period if recent deep idle episodes proved to be very short and futile. This helps make the system more responsive under bursty or otherwise irregular load. But it also means the system is stateful and exhibits a memory effect, which can further complicate benchmarking. Forcing C0 + P0 should avoid this issue.

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• Error while removing the new kernel 2.6.37

  - by Tarek

  Hi! I tried to install the new kernel but something went wrong and I'm trying to remove it now. The error massege is: mhd@Tarek-Laptop:~$ sudo apt-get install -f Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages will be REMOVED: linux-image-2.6.37-020637-generic 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 9 not upgraded. 1 not fully installed or removed. After this operation, 111MB disk space will be freed. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y (Reading database ... 188780 files and directories currently installed.) Removing linux-image-2.6.37-020637-generic ... Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d . run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 2.6.37-020637-generic /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.37-020637-generic run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 2.6.37-020637-generic /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.37-020637-generic /etc/default/grub: 33: Syntax error: EOF in backquote substitution run-parts: /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub exited with return code 2 Failed to process /etc/kernel/postrm.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-2.6.37-020637-generic.postrm line 328. dpkg: error processing linux-image-2.6.37-020637-generic (--remove): subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing: linux-image-2.6.37-020637-generic E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) The previous unsloved error is on this bug. This is my grub configuration file: # If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update # /boot/grub/grub.cfg. GRUB_DEFAULT=0 #GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT=0 GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET=true GRUB_TIMEOUT=10 GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian` RUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nomodeset video=uvesafb:mode_option=1024x768-24,mtrr=3,scroll=ywrap" video=uvesafb:mode_option=>>1024x768-24<<,mtrr=3,scroll=ywrap" GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=" vga=792 splash" # Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs # This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains # the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...) #GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef" # Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only) #GRUB_TERMINAL=console # The resolution used on graphical terminal # note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE # you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo' GRUB_GFXMODE=1024x768-24 # Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux #GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true # Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries #GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_RECOVERY="true" # Uncomment to get a beep at grub start #GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1" thank you for answering.

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