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  • Multiple levels of 'collection.defaultdict' in Python

    - by Morlock
    Thanks to some great folks on SO, I discovered the possibilities offered by collections.defaultdict, notably in readability and speed. I have put them to use with success. Now I would like to implement three levels of dictionaries, the two top ones being defaultdict and the lowest one being int. I don't find the appropriate way to do this. Here is my attempt: from collections import defaultdict d = defaultdict(defaultdict) a = [("key1", {"a1":22, "a2":33}), ("key2", {"a1":32, "a2":55}), ("key3", {"a1":43, "a2":44})] for i in a: d[i[0]] = i[1] Now this works, but the following, which is the desired behavior, doesn't: d["key4"]["a1"] + 1 I suspect that I should have declared somewhere that the second level defaultdict is of type int, but I didn't find where or how to do so. The reason I am using defaultdict in the first place is to avoid having to initialize the dictionary for each new key. Any more elegant suggestion? Thanks pythoneers!

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  • How can I hide a property from going into the form designer file?

    - by user460334
    I am working in VB.NET 2010 Framework 2.0. I don't want to allow some properties from going into form's designer file but the those properties will present on the form(property grid). The behavior of these properties will be same always. I used the following code: <DesignerSerializationVisibility(DesignerSerializationVisibility.Hidden)> Public Property GradientBegin() As Color = Color.Red But the problem I am facing is that - on the property grid after changing the "GradientBegin" color to other than RED and compiling the program, it is replacing the new changed value to RED again. So I am not able to change the color actually. How can I achieve this? Thanks for any reply in advance.

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  • What can cause reset connection when running PHP script?

    - by marcin_koss
    I've developed a web application with CodeIgniter that works perfectly on my local machines (one with windows and one with Linux). When I moved it to my hosting server, connection gets reset when running one particular PHP script that does a few MySQL queries and some operations on arrays. The data I'm querying is small, just a few tables with up to 25 records. Firefox returns "The connection was reset" after maybe 2-3 seconds. I checked the servers error logs but there was nothing there. Unfortunately I don't have access to Apache error logs. What can cause this behavior?

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  • C++11: thread_local or array of OpenCL 1.2 cl_kernel objects?

    - by user926918
    I need to run several C++11 threads (GCC 4.7.1) parallely in host. Each of them needs to use a device, say a GPU. As per OpenCL 1.2 spec (p. 357): All OpenCL API calls are thread-safe75 except clSetKernelArg. clSetKernelArg is safe to call from any host thread, and is safe to call re-entrantly so long as concurrent calls operate on different cl_kernel objects. However, the behavior of the cl_kernel object is undefined if clSetKernelArg is called from multiple host threads on the same cl_kernel object at the same time. An elegant way would be to use thread_local cl_kernel objects and the other way I can think of is to use an array of these objects such that i'th thread uses i'th object. As I have not implemented these earlier I was wondering if any of the two are good or are there better ways of getting things done. TIA, S

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  • Should repeated use of the camera crash an app?

    - by Sam
    I have an app that builds a slideshow from user images. They can grab from their library or take a picture. I have found that repeated use of grabbing an image from the library is fine. But repeated use of taking a picture causes erratic behavior. I have been getting crashes but mostly what happens seems to be a reloading of the view after "didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo", which messes things up. I have no leaks and it seems to be releasing properly after each picture is taken. I am resizing the image and saving it in a data base. Is anyone else running into this situation? Was the camera not designed to be called this often?

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  • Jquery - How to make $.post() use contentType=application/json?

    - by JK
    I've noticed that when using $.post() in jquery that the default contentType is application/x-www-form-urlencoded - when my asp.net mvc code needs to have contentType=application/json (See this question for why I must use application/json: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2792603/aspnet-mvc-why-is-modelstate-isvalid-false-the-x-field-is-required-when-that) How can I make $.post() send contentType=application/json? I already have a large number of $.post() functions, so I don't want to change to $.ajax() because it would take too much time If I try $.post(url, data, function(), "json") It still has contentType=application/x-www-form-urlencoded. So what exactly does the "json" param do if it does not change the contenttype to json? If I try $.ajaxSetup({ contentType: "application/json; charset=utf-8" }); That works but affects every single $.get and $.post that I have and causes some to break. So is there some way that I can change the behavior of $.post() to send contentType=application/json?

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  • Is there a way to have a bit bucket pointer? (C/C++)

    - by Crazy Chenz
    Is there a way to have a bit bucket pointer? A lot of IO (specifically input related) system calls return data to a buffer of a specific size. Is there a trick or way to make a sorta bit bucket pointer, so I can accept any amount of data that will be thrown away. Doing something like "char tmp[INT_MAX]" is crazy. The behavior I am looking for is something like /dev/null, only in a pointer world. Not to hopeful on this.... just curious. Thanks, Chenz UPDATE: Perhaps mmap-ing /dev/null. Forgot about that when I asked the question.

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  • Navigating between activities and tasks

    - by Alex Orlov
    The situation: I have an activity "A" that is a delegator activity, in simple words, it's only purpose is to call activity "B" (via startActivityForResult()) depending on data it receives. Activity "B" has launchMode set to "singleTask", so it always runs in a single task. When activity "A" gets started from another task (for example as a share from gallery) it immediately returns ACTION_CANCELLED for activity "B", finishes, and task of activity "B" comes to front (which is an expected behavior). So, what happens, is that we jump from our Gallery app task, to my activity "B" task. Everything is fine until user presses back. Since we are already in a different task, the back button doesn't lead us back to gallery. It navigates in the stack of activity "B" task. The question: is there any way to navigate from one task, to previously shown task (navigate from activity "B" to gallery)? Or maybe there is a way to take currently running activity "B" and move it to another task?

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  • Creating WebService test harness

    - by user232337
    Hello, I am trying to create a test harness for our QA staff to test our internal web services. I would like to create a web app that will allow them to enter a uri then submit. The web app will then interrogate the uri to get the appropriate parameters expected and returns with a generated input form. I know, this would be similar to SOAPUI and others. However, I feel it would be earier for them to be able to just use a form with entry fields and click a button to invoke the service and get the results back for display in the web app. In addition, I could create some custom logic that allows them to generate specific behavior they need. Has anybody done anything like this? I have searched and have found similar functionality but nothing close enough to help me. If you need more details please let me know. Any help would be greatly appreciated. Thanks in advance! Ryan

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  • Word Wrap in Vim (preserving indentation)

    - by sixtyfootersdude
    I was just looking at this post which describes how to wrap entire words in vim. The accepted solution was this: :set formatoptions=l :set lbr Which takes this text (tabs are shown as \t): *Inside of window *Outside of window |---------------------------------------| |\t\tthis is a like of text that will wr|ap here |\t\tcan you see the wrap | | | |---------------------------------------| This accomplishes a behavior like this (tabs are shown as \t): *Inside of window *Outside of window |---------------------------------------| |\t\tthis is a like of text that will | |wrap here | |\t\tcan you see the wrap | | | |---------------------------------------| I would however like to redefine this function. I would like the wrapped line to have the same number of tabs in front of it that the line above has plus one. Ie: *Inside of window *Outside of window |---------------------------------------| |\t\tthis is a like of text that will | |\t\t\twrap here | |\t\tcan you see the wrap | | | |---------------------------------------| Any ideas?

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  • ASP.NET Radio Button State and Back Key

    - by Dave S
    When using the browser back key on a page with radio buttons and using auto-postback, the state of the buttons (checked) stays the same while other parts of the page do not. This results in a situation where button two is checked and the cached page (because of server-side logic) displays a message that button 1 is checked. What is the best way to handle this situation? The following code example exhibits this behavior: [Form:] <asp:RadioButton ID="rb1" runat="server" AutoPostBack="true" Text="Button1" OnCheckedChanged="rb_CheckedChanged" GroupName="rbgroup" Checked="true" /> <br /> <asp:RadioButton ID="rb2" runat="server" AutoPostBack="true" Text="Button2" OnCheckedChanged="rb_CheckedChanged" GroupName="rbgroup" /> <br /> <hr /> <asp:Label ID="lbl1" runat="server">Button 1</asp:Label> [Code Behind:] protected void rb_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (rb1.Checked == true) lbl1.Text = "Button 1"; else lbl1.Text = "Button 2"; }

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  • How do record updates behave internally?

    - by redxaxder
    data Thing = Thing {a :: Int, b :: Int, c :: Int, (...) , z :: Int} deriving Show foo = Thing 1 2 3 4 5 (...) 26 mkBar x = x { c = 30 } main = do print $ mkBar foo What is copied over when I mutate foo in this way? As opposed to mutating part of a structure directly. Data Thing = Thing {a :: IORef Int, b :: IORef Int, (...) , z :: IORef Int} instance Show Thing where (...something something unsafePerformIO...) mkFoo = do a <- newIORef 1 (...) z <- newIORef 26 return Thing a b (...) z mkBar x = writeIORef (c x) 30 main = do foo <- mkFoo mkBar foo print foo Does compiling with optimizations change this behavior?

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  • Is there a way to set the value of $? in a mock in Ruby?

    - by rleber
    I am testing some scripts that interface with system commands. Their logic depends on the return code of the system commands, i.e. the value of $?. So, as a simplified example, the script might say: def foo(command) output=`#{command}` if $?==0 'succeeded' else 'failed' end end In order to be able to test these methods properly, I would like to be able to stub out the Kernel backquote call, and set $? to an arbitrary value, to see if I get appropriate behavior from the logic in the method after the backquote call. I can't figure out a way to do this. (In case it matters, I'm testing using Test::Unit and Mocha.)

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  • .htaccess: RewriteCond syntax?

    - by Rosarch
    I'm using Drupal 6. Typically, when the user requests a URL for which Drupal has no response, it uses index.php as the error document. However, I'd like to suspend this behavior for a specific URL. How can I do this? RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !=fail RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !=/favicon.ico RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php?q=$1 [L,QSA] Where "fail" is the path I want to block. So www.example.com/fail should result in a 404. Incidentally, what does [L, QSA] do? I've looked at documentation without luck.

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  • C++ std::equal -- rationale behind not testing for the 2 ranges having equal size?

    - by ShaChris23
    I just wrote some code to test the behavior of std::equal, and came away surprised: int main() { try { std::list<int> lst1; std::list<int> lst2; if(!std::equal(lst1.begin(), lst1.end(), lst2.begin())) throw std::logic_error("Error: 2 empty lists should always be equal"); lst2.push_back(5); if(std::equal(lst1.begin(), lst1.end(), lst2.begin())) throw std::logic_error("Error: comparing 2 lists where one is not empty should not be equal"); } catch(std::exception& e) { std::cerr << e.what(); } } The output (a surprise to me): Error: comparing 2 lists where one is not empty should not be equal Observation: why is it the std::equal does not first check if the 2 containers have the same size() ? Was there a legitimate reason?

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  • How does LocationManager work

    - by user2511882
    I have been going through the google docs for the locationManager API and specifically over the method locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER, 60000, 10, this); In the above line, the manager will check for location updates after each minute and distance of 10 meters. My question is does it actually take both the parameters into consideration? For example if you are driving along how will the method work? Will it start looking for updated locations since you are over the minimum distance between the two updates or will it wait for a minute irrespective? If someone can tell me its behavior, it would be great. Thanks.!!

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  • Getting automatic matching brace in vim

    - by Bob
    I spend WAY to much time fumbling around because vim doesn't handle closing braces like most IDEs do. Here's what I want to happen: type this: if( whatever ) { <CR> where <CR> mean hit the enter key and get this: if( whatever ) { | } where | is the position of the cursor. It's what Eclipse does. It's what Visual Studio does. And it's what I want Vim to do. I've seen a few plugins, tried a few, and none of them seem to give me this behavior. Surely I can't be the first programmer to want this.

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  • R software : How to extract values from rasterstack with xy coordinates?

    - by Eddie
    I have a rasterstack(5 raster layers) that actually is a time series raster. r <- raster(nrow=20, ncol=200) s <- stack( sapply(1:5, function(i) setValues(r, rnorm(ncell(r), i, 3) )) ) > s class : RasterStack dimensions : 20, 200, 4000, 5 (nrow, ncol, ncell, nlayers) resolution : 1.8, 9 (x, y) extent : -180, 180, -90, 90 (xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax) coord. ref. : +proj=longlat +datum=WGS84 +ellps=WGS84 +towgs84=0,0,0 names : layer.1, layer.2, layer.3, layer.4, layer.5 min values : -9.012146, -9.165947, -9.707269, -7.829763, -5.332007 max values : 11.32811, 11.97328, 15.99459, 15.66769, 16.72236 My objective is to plot each pixel and explore their behavior over time. How could I extract each pixels together with their x,y coordinates and plot a time series curve?

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  • Custom DDL Templates for Visual Studio 2010

    - by Stacey
    I was wondering if anyone knows of some good community distributed custom DDL templates for Entity Framework 4.0. The default DDL to SQL10 Works well enough, but we're looking to do some customization to the naming convention that it just isn't offering us. I'm not really finding many samples out there of people doing this, so I was hoping someone might know of a resource I'm overlooking (perhaps I am searching for it wrong, or misunderstanding how the whole process works) Specifically we're wanting to change up how it writes out fields from relationships. For instance, the default template puts in.. tablename_propertyendpoint_propertyname. We're wanting to find tune this to our naming scheme a little more. And none of us can quite figure out where in the .tt files it is doing this exact behavior.

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  • Why does my UI controls work on iPhone but not iPad?

    - by Andrew
    I have an iPhone app, which consists of a table view containing various custom UITableViewCells, with UISlider and UISwitch controls. When running the app on the iphone, I can move the slider and switches contained in each of the table cells. When I run the same app on the iPad. I can not. None of the controls within the table view will respond to touches. I have checked 'User Interaction Enabled' within the Interface Builder. Anybody got any suggestions of where I should be looking for the cause of different behavior between the iPhone and iPad, in respect to UIControls.

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  • "modal" in apple documentation

    - by Crystal
    Apple uses "modal" often in their documentation. Like dismissModalViewController in their titles of methods, or documentation like: "The UIViewController class provides the fundamental view-management model for iPhone applications. The basic view controller class supports the presentation of an associated view in addition to basic support for managing modal views and rotating views in response to device orientation changes. Subclasses such as UINavigationController and UITabBarController provide additional behavior for managing complex hierarchies of view controllers and views." I'm not sure as to what context I should think of when I see modal in the names and documentation. Any thoughts? Thanks.

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  • Framework for creating mock objects in Java

    - by Amir Rachum
    This is NOT a question about which is the best framework, etc. I have never used a mocking framework and I'm a bit puzzled by the idea. How does it know how to create the mock object? Is it done in runtime or generates a file? How do you know its behavior? And most importantly - what is the work flow of using such a framework (what is the step-by-step for creating a test). Can anyone explain? You can choose whichever framework you like for example, just say what it is.

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  • Erlang: simple refactoring

    - by alexey
    Consider the code: f(command1, UserId) -> case is_registered(UserId) of true -> %% do command1 ok; false -> not_registered end; f(command2, UserId) -> case is_registered(UserId) of true -> %% do command2 ok; false -> not_registered end. is_registered(UserId) -> %% some checks Now imagine that there are a lot of commands and they are all call is_registered at first. Is there any way to generalize this behavior (refactor this code)? I mean that it's not a good idea to place the same case in all the commands.

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  • Process requires redirected input

    - by initialZero
    I have a UNIX native executable that requires the arguments to be fed in like this prog.exe < foo.txt. foo.txt has two lines: bar baz I am using java.lang.ProcessBuilder to execute this command. Unfortunately, prog.exe will only work using the redirect from a file. Is there some way I can mimic this behavior in Java? Of course, ProcessBuilder pb = new ProcessBuilder("prog.exe", "bar", "baz"); does not work. Thanks!

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  • What does -setPropagatesDeletesAtEndOfEvent: actually do?

    - by dontWatchMyProfile
    Let me try it: If I don't set this, then the default value is YES. So when I delete an managed object from the context, the context propagates this immediately to the persistent store so the object is gone? And when I set this to NO, then objects are deleted from the persistent store only when calling -save? Is that really true? I mean: If it was true, then the default behavior is that once you call the context to delete an object, the object is gone. Lets assume you're not using an undo manager. So... gone. Right? No rollback possible? Or can it still be recovered with a rollback?

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