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  • breaking mdadm raid and moving to NTFS

    - by daveyt
    I'm running Ubuntu 8 something and my data is on a mirrored pair of 1TB disks formatted as ext3, and the RAID is via mdadm. I want to move to Windows 7 (yeah yeah I know but Linux aint doing it for me at the moment) and migrate the disks to NTFS. My plan is: Break the MDADM RAID (by failing one disk logically) Format the 'failed' disk as NTFS Copy data from the RAID array to the NTFS disk (dont care about perms) Install Windows, (new separate non RAid disk) and my data disk is available. I've researched this and it seems the easiest way. I dont have another disk to back up to so I think this is my only way. Can anyone see a better/easier way?

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  • Windows 8, Truecrypt drive mounts but Windows cannot read its content

    - by phil
    I installed Windows 8 and when I started it, it said that it was repairing a disk. The disk was an encrypted Truecrypt disk. I couldn't mount the disk in Truecrypt after that. I tried to repair the header and it worked, now I can mount the disk but neither Windows 7 or 8 can read the content. Windows asks if it should format the disk. I have all the important files on backup, but there are some media files that I would like to get back. Any ideas?

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  • Does gunzip work in memory or does it write to disk?

    - by Ryan Detzel
    We have our log files gzipped to save space. Normally we keep them compressed and just do gunzip -c file.gz | grep 'test' to find important information but we're wondering if it's quicker to keep the files uncompressed and then do the grep. cat file | grep 'test' There has been some discussions about how gzip works if it would make sense that if it reads it into memory and unzips then the first one would be faster but if it doesn't then the second one would be faster. Does anyone know how gzip uncompresses data?

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  • should I put my multi-device btrfs filesystem on disk partitions or raw devices?

    - by Glyph
    If I'm going to create a multi-device btrfs filesystem. The official recommendation from the documentation apppears to be to create it on raw devices; i.e. /dev/sdb, /dev/sdc, etc, but this is not explained. Are there any advantages to creating a partition table on these devices first, either GPT or MBR, and then creating the filesystem on /dev/sdb1, /dev/sdc1 et cetera? Does feeding btrfs whole devices have some particular advantage, or are these basically equivalent?

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  • What disk setup is needed / best practice for hypervisor-only servers?

    - by Luke404
    Planning to buy some servers to run an hypervisor (Citrix XenServer or VMware vSphere, still have to decide between the two) we'd like to boot off the local redundant SD card module offered by various vendors (eg. Dell, HP, etc...). The actual VMs will run from an existing iSCSI SAN (which, by the way, can't support booting the servers directly off the SAN). What are the reasons, if any, to choose completely diskless servers VS having some local storage? And what would be the guidelines to choose that local storage? (number of spindles, raid level, etc)

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  • What are the replacement options for an IDE hard disk for a DOS based system?

    - by dummzeuch
    I have got a few "embedded" systems running MSDOS 6.2 which boot from and store data to IDE hard disks. Since these drives are nearing their end of life, the question arises how we can replace them. The requirements are: DOS must be able to install and boot from these drives. They must be able to sustain heavy (mostly) write access. If possible, they should be able to survive moderate vibrations (not too bad since the current hard disks have survived several years of that) I considered the following options so far: other ide hard drives: Unfortunately modern IDE drives are too large so DOS cannot boot from them even if I create small partitions. Older IDE drives are just that: old, so they are probably not the most reliable ones any more. SSDs: There are a few SSDs with IDE interface available. I have not yet tried them. Does anybody have any experience with them? They look like the ideal replacement provided that DOS can boot from them and that writing speed does not deteriorate too much (the old hard disks are no race cars either). Compact Flash: There are adapters for using CF with IDE controllers and they work fine. DOS can boot from them and they have no problems at all with vibrations. What I am not sure about is their durability. DOS uses FAT so some very few sectors are written every time the medium is being written to. IDE to SATA converters: I have no idea whether they are any good. Has anybody tried them? It might be an option to use one of these to connect an SATA SSD to the system. Are there any alternatives that I have missed? (We are working on replacing these systems, but it will still take a few years.)

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  • Seeking a solution to automatically copy files from the cd-rom disk to the USB drive once it's connected.

    - by Ray Nathan
    I plan to distribute a free CD that automatically copies files to a connected usb device. This process will be done on the computers of the users that obtain the cd. The CD will contain an autorun.ini file that will instruct the computer to copy a set of files located on the cd..to a specific directory on the connected usb device. The usb drive letter is not the same on all the systems, therefore...Windows XP should automatically know the drive letter of the usb device before the copy operation begins. What would be the best way of creating a short batch file or script that I can place on the CD to execute this process? Also, please note that it is NOT feasible or recommended to include a batch file on the USB devices to sync this operation due to the explanation at the beginning of this paragraph. :) Thank You All

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  • SQL Server database filled the hard drive and freeing up space isn't possible

    - by Jon
    I have a database in SQL Server 2008 on a 1Tb hard drive and it filled the drive, there is only 4Kb free. The MDF file is 323Gb and the LDF is 653Gb. The hard disk this DB is on has no other files on it other than the MDF and LDF so it's impossible to free up any space on the drive. The main hard disk is smaller but there is enough room to transfer the MDF to that drive, in case that helps. This server is overseas at a customer site and it's not possible at the moment to add more disk space to the server. It's also not possible to delete any records because the DB is in a failed mode (due to no disk space) and it doesn't respond to most commands. The Db is currently in full recovery mode which is why the LDF file is so large. This DB really doesn't need to be in full recovery so going forward we plan on switching it to simple mode which will save us a lot of space. I also don't care about losing the LDF file, but I need all of the data. I've spent a lot of time looking for a way out of this problem but everything I've found first involves either freeing up disk space or adding more disk space, neither of which is an option at this time. I'm stuck and any help would be greatly appreciated. I get the following log when trying to switch the DB to online mode. Msg 945, Level 14, State 2, Line 3 Database 'DBNAME' cannot be opened due to inaccessible files or insufficient memory or disk space. See the SQL Server errorlog for details. Msg 5069, Level 16, State 1, Line 3 ALTER DATABASE statement failed. Msg 1101, Level 17, State 12, Line 3 Could not allocate a new page for database 'DBNAME' because of insufficient disk space in filegroup 'DEFAULT'. Create the necessary space by dropping objects in the filegroup, adding additional files to the filegroup, or setting autogrowth on for existing files in the filegroup. I've found the following solutions but none work due to having no disk space on that drive, and since the DB is in a failed state I can't run most commmands. - DBCC SHRINKFILE - can't be run because doing a 'use DBNAME' fails - Detaching the DB and then changing the location of the MDF/LDF files, this fails because the DB is in an offline mode so you can't run detach. I'm at a loss about what else to try. Thanks.

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  • Apache2 Virtual Host broken; displayed default index.html on subdomain, but correct content on www.subdomain

    - by Robert K
    I've got a Linode configured as a Ubuntu 10.04.2 web server with Apache 2.2.14. I have a total of 4 sites, all defined under /etc/apache2/sites-available as virtual hosts. All sites are almost identical clones for configuration. And all sites but my last work successfully. default: (www.)exampleadnetwork.com (www.)example.com reseller.example.com trouble: client1.example.com I keep getting this page when I visit the client1.example.com site: It works! This is the default web page for this server. The web server software is running but no content has been added, yet. In my ports.conf file I have the NameVirtualHost correctly set to my IP address on port 80. If I access the "www.sub.example.com" alias the site works! If I access it without the www I see the "It Works" excerpt posted above. Even apache2ctl -S shows that my vhost file parses correctly and is added to the mix. My vhost configuration file is as follows: <VirtualHost 127.0.0.1:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName client1.example.com ServerAlias client1.example.com www.client1.example.com DocumentRoot /srv/www/client1.example.com/public_html/ ErrorLog /srv/www/client1.example.com/logs/error.log CustomLog /srv/www/client1.example.com/logs/access.log combined <directory /srv/www/client1.example.com/public_html/> Options -Indexes FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all </directory> </VirtualHost> The other sites are variations of: <VirtualHost 127.0.0.1:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName example.com ServerAlias example.com www.example.com DocumentRoot /srv/www/example.com/public_html/ ErrorLog /srv/www/example.com/logs/error.log CustomLog /srv/www/example.com/logs/access.log combined </VirtualHost> The only site the differs is the other subdomain: <VirtualHost 127.0.0.1:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName reseller.example.com ServerAlias reseller.example.com DocumentRoot /srv/www/reseller.example.com/public_html/ ErrorLog /srv/www/reseller.example.com/logs/error.log CustomLog /srv/www/reseller.example.com/logs/access.log combined </VirtualHost> Filenames are the FQDN without the www. prefix. I've followed this advice, but still cannot access subdomain properly.

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  • Web site kills hard disk I/O, how to prevent?

    - by Taras Voynarovsky
    The situation: I have a server, on which we have 2-3 projects. Starting not long ago, the server started hanging up (We could not connect to it by ssh, and the connected clients had to wait 20 minutes for top to give results) Early today I managed to execute gstat while it was in this state and saw, that it stays on 100% on da0, da0s1 and da0s1f. I dont quite know what those ids meen, but I understand that some processes just kill the HD by bombing it down with requests. I ask of some propositions. I dont know how to find the culpit and can't prevent this. I have freebsd on server.

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  • Simple Ubuntu Server - Expanding disk space - adding a new drive LVM, RAID0 existing setup - how?

    - by NightWolf
    I have a 1TB ext4 partition mounted at / with all my data and Ubuntu 11.04 (natty) installed. Now this drive is almost full (I used it as a database server for some processing). RAID0 is ok, I can take a failure (touch wood). But I need a way to grow this partition. I have a new 1TB drive I want to add, however as my Ubuntu boot and all data is on the one partition I'm not sure how I can go about setting up a RAID0 or LVM array without loosing all my data. So the question is how can I extend my existing ext4 partition over two physical drives without losing data? Thanks!

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  • linux raid 1: right after replacing and syncing one drive, the other disk fails - understanding what is going on with mdstat/mdadm

    - by devicerandom
    We have an old RAID 1 Linux server (Ubuntu Lucid 10.04), with four partitions. A few days ago /dev/sdb failed, and today we noticed /dev/sda had pre-failure ominous SMART signs (~4000 reallocated sector count). We replaced /dev/sdb this morning and rebuilt the RAID on the new drive, following this guide: http://www.howtoforge.com/replacing_hard_disks_in_a_raid1_array Everything went smooth until the very end. When it looked like it was finishing to synchronize the last partition, the other old one failed. At this point I am very unsure of the state of the system. Everything seems working and the files seem to be all accessible, just as if it synchronized everything, but I'm new to RAID and I'm worried about what is going on. The /proc/mdstat output is: Personalities : [raid1] [linear] [multipath] [raid0] [raid6] [raid5] [raid4] [raid10] md3 : active raid1 sdb4[2](S) sda4[0] 478713792 blocks [2/1] [U_] md2 : active raid1 sdb3[1] sda3[2](F) 244140992 blocks [2/1] [_U] md1 : active raid1 sdb2[1] sda2[2](F) 244140992 blocks [2/1] [_U] md0 : active raid1 sdb1[1] sda1[2](F) 9764800 blocks [2/1] [_U] unused devices: <none> The order of [_U] vs [U_]. Why aren't they consistent along all the array? Is the first U /dev/sda or /dev/sdb? (I tried looking on the web for this trivial information but I found no explicit indication) If I read correctly for md0, [_U] should be /dev/sda1 (down) and /dev/sdb1 (up). But if /dev/sda has failed, how can it be the opposite for md3 ? I understand /dev/sdb4 is now spare because probably it failed to synchronize it 100%, but why does it show /dev/sda4 as up? Shouldn't it be [__]? Or [_U] anyway? The /dev/sda drive now cannot even be accessed by SMART anymore apparently, so I wouldn't expect it to be up. What is wrong with my interpretation of the output? I attach also the outputs of mdadm --detail for the four partitions: /dev/md0: Version : 00.90 Creation Time : Fri Jan 21 18:43:07 2011 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 9764800 (9.31 GiB 10.00 GB) Used Dev Size : 9764800 (9.31 GiB 10.00 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 2 Preferred Minor : 0 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Tue Nov 5 17:27:33 2013 State : clean, degraded Active Devices : 1 Working Devices : 1 Failed Devices : 1 Spare Devices : 0 UUID : a3b4dbbd:859bf7f2:bde36644:fcef85e2 Events : 0.7704 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 0 0 0 removed 1 8 17 1 active sync /dev/sdb1 2 8 1 - faulty spare /dev/sda1 /dev/md1: Version : 00.90 Creation Time : Fri Jan 21 18:43:15 2011 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 244140992 (232.83 GiB 250.00 GB) Used Dev Size : 244140992 (232.83 GiB 250.00 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 2 Preferred Minor : 1 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Tue Nov 5 17:39:06 2013 State : clean, degraded Active Devices : 1 Working Devices : 1 Failed Devices : 1 Spare Devices : 0 UUID : 8bcd5765:90dc93d5:cc70849c:224ced45 Events : 0.1508280 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 0 0 0 removed 1 8 18 1 active sync /dev/sdb2 2 8 2 - faulty spare /dev/sda2 /dev/md2: Version : 00.90 Creation Time : Fri Jan 21 18:43:19 2011 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 244140992 (232.83 GiB 250.00 GB) Used Dev Size : 244140992 (232.83 GiB 250.00 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 2 Preferred Minor : 2 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Tue Nov 5 17:46:44 2013 State : clean, degraded Active Devices : 1 Working Devices : 1 Failed Devices : 1 Spare Devices : 0 UUID : 2885668b:881cafed:b8275ae8:16bc7171 Events : 0.2289636 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 0 0 0 removed 1 8 19 1 active sync /dev/sdb3 2 8 3 - faulty spare /dev/sda3 /dev/md3: Version : 00.90 Creation Time : Fri Jan 21 18:43:22 2011 Raid Level : raid1 Array Size : 478713792 (456.54 GiB 490.20 GB) Used Dev Size : 478713792 (456.54 GiB 490.20 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 2 Preferred Minor : 3 Persistence : Superblock is persistent Update Time : Tue Nov 5 17:19:20 2013 State : clean, degraded Active Devices : 1 Working Devices : 2 Failed Devices : 0 Spare Devices : 1 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State 0 8 4 0 active sync /dev/sda4 1 0 0 1 removed 2 8 20 - spare /dev/sdb4 The active sync on /dev/sda4 baffles me. I am worried because if tomorrow morning I have to replace /dev/sda, I want to be sure what should I sync with what and what is going on. I am also quite baffled by the fact /dev/sda decided to fail exactly when the raid finished resyncing. I'd like to understand what is really happening. Thanks a lot for your patience and help. Massimo

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  • How do you expand a raid disk array in a dell 2850?

    - by johnny
    Hi, I have a Dell 2850 and I want to install Windows 2008 Server. Problem is that my C drive only has 16GB of space. The requirements say I need at least 20. I have an open bay for a drive. If I put in another drive, how can I add that to the array and them make it only for the C drive? what do I do? Thank you. edit: I don't want to remove any drives. I just want to add a new one to the existing array. Can I do that and make sure that new drive is for the logical C drive?

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  • Setting up Virtual Hosts with Apache on Windows 2008 server for multiple sites. Complicated setup, including subversion

    - by Roeland
    I am setting up apache on my windows 2008 server at my home. It will serve 2 functions. Subversion hosting to allow me and some others to manage company documents with version control Local website hosting for web development. Will need to run several websites since I generally work on more then one site at a time. Heres what I have done so far. I set up subversion and apache 2.2 using some walk troughs. I changed the default port to 1337. (im a nerd) Using dyndns.com I created a domain to forward to my home ip which is dynamic. ( company.gotdns.org) I then went into my DNS for my company.com and added a record to point repo.company.com to company.gotdns.org At this point people who need access to my file repository can access by going to repo.company.com/repo which is good so far. My question comes on the next step, setting up virtual hosts with apache. Ideally I would like to have my local website be viewable by some others in the company from their homes. So, say I am working on site1, I would like to have them be able to view this by going site1.roeland.bythepixel.com. At the same time, I would like to have site10.wouter.bythepixel.com go to his local setup for site10. What I have done for this: I went into my DNS for company.com and added a record to point roeland.company.com to company.gotdns.org (which translates to my ip). I added code to my httpd-vhosts.conf (listed at bottom) I added code to my host file (listed at bottom) Hah, so of course this doenst work as excepted.. going to site1.roeland.bythepixel.com doesnt bring up my test1 site. Could anyone point me where I may be going wrong? Thanks! hosts: 127.0.0.1 localhost 127.0.0.1 sensenich.roeland.bythepixel.com ::1 localhost httpd-vhosts.conf: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot "F:/Current Projects/sensenich.com" ServerName sensenich.roeland.bythepixel.com ErrorLog "logs/sensenich.roeland.bythepixel.com-error.log" CustomLog "logs/sensenich.roeland.bythepixel.com-access.log" common </VirtualHost>

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  • How do you synchronise huge sparse files (VM disk images) between machines?

    - by chrisdew
    Is there a command, such as rsync, which can synchronise huge, sparse, files from one linux server to another? It is very important that the destination file remains sparse. It may be longer (but not bigger) than the drive which contains it. Only changed blocks should be sent across the wire. I have tried rsync, but got no joy. groups.google.com/group/mailing.unix.rsync/browse_thread/thread/94f39271980513d3 If I write a programme to do this, am I just reinventing the wheel? http://www.finalcog.com/synchronise-block-devices Thanks, Chris.

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  • How is the extra mSATA SSD disk used/configured in a Dell XPS laptop?

    - by Mark
    Some machines in the new XPS laptop range from Dell come with a regular, large (500GB+) HDD and an additional 32GB m-SATA SSD. The only detail I can find about this extra drive on the Dell site is this: Store your important files, multimedia and photos with XPS 15’s large hard drive options. To get instant access to your media, choose an optional mSATA solid-state drive (SSD) that can boot up to twice as fast as a regular hard drive and resumes in less than 1 second. I'd like to know more about how this extra drive is set up and used, specifically: Is anything installed on it (e.g. OS files or a boot loader) or is it just used as swap space? Is the m-SATA drive visible as a lettered drive in Windows? (I'd guess not if it's used for swap file only.) Is this unusual configuration likely to cause any problems later down the line - e.g. when upgrading to Windows 8? As usual, Dell's sales team haven't been able to help. If anyone's actually got a Dell machine with this or a similar hard drive set-up and can give a definitive answer rather than speculation I'll accept the answer.

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  • Crap, hard disk failure. Can I recover my "move"d folders?

    - by Doug
    I am in the process of moving all my files from an old laptop to new one. I just moved 11gb of data from my old laptop to a hard drive (external) and then upon moving it out to the new hard drive, the hard drive is getting a CRC (Data Error (Cyclic Redundancy Check). Now I am looking for a solution to recover the files that I moved on my old laptop (not the external). I understand they they are just marked for potential overwriting to free up space. I was getting ready to test out GetDataBack, but it says to install it on a healthy windows and use the recover-needed drive as an external. However, I don't want to turn off my computer without first getting the okay since it is in a "moved" state. Please help! What can I do to recover the Moved files. I haven't touched the computer since it has been moved. What can I use to recover them?

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  • Cannot reformat flash drive

    - by user933531
    I have tried to reformat on Ubuntu using gparted, in Windows using their tool, and OSX using Disk Utility. I have also attempted by using the terminal but also failed there. When I verify disk using Disk Utility, I get the following output: Verifying volume “REDSTRIPE” ** /dev/disk2s1 ** Phase 1 - Preparing FAT ** Phase 2 - Checking Directories ** Phase 3 - Checking for Orphan Clusters 168 files, 4507316 KiB free (1126829 clusters) MARK FILE SYSTEM CLEAN? no ***** FILE SYSTEM IS LEFT MARKED AS DIRTY ***** Error: This disk needs to be repaired. Click Repair Disk. But I am unable to repair disk. See OSX examples below:

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  • can I create disk partition for dual-boot Ubuntu on Windows 7 machine without Windows reinstall?

    - by EndangeringSpecies
    I want to setup dual boot Ubuntu on my machine in a separate partition. Plus, ideally, I want to get another, 3rd, partition for further OS experimentation. The hard drive is huge, hundreds of gigs, and essentially unfilled. The machine runs Windows 7 Home. Online I have seen mention of creation of partitions from inside Windows 7. But, I have also heard claims that to create the partition to house Ubuntu Windows has to be reinstalled, frying all the data on the machine. So, which one of these claims are right? Can you create additional partitions for other OS on a big Windows 7 hard drive without reinstall?

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  • Any freeware/ideas for getting Windows 2008's backups to dump to tape after backing up to disk?

    - by TheCleaner
    I have a Windows 2008 R2 server that is being backed up to an external ISCSI drive nightly. The problem is, we'd like to use our Tape Drive (VXA 320) that Windows sees just fine to take those backups in the "WindowsImageBackup" folder and dump them to tape once a month so that we can at least have something offsite. I really don't want to go through the hassle of licensing BackupExec or similar if possible. All I'm really after is some kind of copy utility that can copy the "WindowsImageBackup" folder over to the tape drive. Ideas? P.S. If by doing this it wouldn't matter for a restore regardless, then let me know, but I would assume I could copy the folder back over to the server and then have Windows Backup find it again.

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  • Ubuntu server 12.04.03 not checking disk partitions on reboot?

    - by jamesc
    My MOTD is showing: *** /dev/md2 will be checked for errors at next reboot *** *** /dev/md1 will be checked for errors at next reboot *** *** /dev/md3 will be checked for errors at next reboot *** However, a standard sudo shutdown -r now does not appear to check the disks and the message remains. My guess is that the partitions 'should' be checked and that they are not being... so how can I get Ubuntu to check the partitions at reboot and keep things nice and safe? Update - this is the output of cat /etc/fstab proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 none /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 /dev/md/0 none swap sw 0 0 /dev/md/1 /boot ext3 defaults 0 0 /dev/md/2 / ext4 defaults 0 0 /dev/md/3 /home ext4 defaults 0 0 Update 2 - One message gone... Using @christianwolff's suggestions... sudo rm /var/lib/update-notifier/fsck-at-reboot sudo touch /forcefsck sudo shutdown -r now And now the motd is down to *** /dev/md1 will be checked for errors at next reboot *** *** /dev/md3 will be checked for errors at next reboot *** So 'md2(ext4)' has been checked and the message updated.

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