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  • Cant connect to mysql using self signed SSL certificate

    - by carpii
    After creating a self-signed SSL certificate, I have configured my remote mysqld to use them (and ssl is enabled) I ssh into my remote server, and try connecting to its own mysqld using ssl (mysql server is 5.5.25).. ~> mysql -u <user> -p --ssl=1 --ssl-cert=client.cert --ssl-key=client.key --ssl-ca=ca.cert Enter password: ERROR 2026 (HY000): SSL connection error: error:00000001:lib(0):func(0):reason(1) Ok, I remember reading theres some problem with connecting to the same server via SSL. So I download the client keys down to my local box, and test from there... ~> mysql -h <server> -u <user> -p --ssl=1 --ssl-cert=client.cert --ssl-key=client.key --ssl-ca=ca.cert Enter password: ERROR 2026 (HY000): SSL connection error Its unclear what this "SSL connection error" error refers to, but if I omit the -ssl-ca, then I am able to connect using SSL.. ~> mysql -h <server> -u <user> -p --ssl=1 --ssl-cert=client.cert --ssl-key=client.key Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 37 Server version: 5.5.25 MySQL Community Server (GPL) However, I believe that this is only encrypting the connection, and not actually verifying the validity of the cert (meaning I would be potentially vulnerable to man-in-middle attack) The ssl certs are valid (albeit self signed), and do not have a passphrase on them So my question is, what am I doing wrong? How can I connect via SSL, using a self signed certificate? MySQL Server version is 5.5.25 and the server and clients are Centos 5 Thanks for any advice Edit: Note that in all cases, the command is being issued from the same directory where the ssl keys reside (hence no absolute path)

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  • error reading keytab file krb5.keytab

    - by Banjer
    I've noticed these kerberos keytab error messages on both SLES 11.2 and CentOS 6.3: sshd[31442]: pam_krb5[31442]: error reading keytab 'FILE: / etc/ krb5. keytab' /etc/krb5.keytab does not exist on our hosts, and from what I understand of the keytab file, we don't need it. Per this kerberos keytab introduction: A keytab is a file containing pairs of Kerberos principals and encrypted keys (these are derived from the Kerberos password). You can use this file to log into Kerberos without being prompted for a password. The most common personal use of keytab files is to allow scripts to authenticate to Kerberos without human interaction, or store a password in a plaintext file. This sounds like something we do not need and is perhaps better security-wise to not have it. How can I keep this error from popping up in our system logs? Here is my krb5.conf if its useful: banjer@myhost:~> cat /etc/krb5.conf # This file managed by Puppet # [libdefaults] default_tkt_enctypes = RC4-HMAC DES-CBC-MD5 DES-CBC-CRC default_tgs_enctypes = RC4-HMAC DES-CBC-MD5 DES-CBC-CRC preferred_enctypes = RC4-HMAC DES-CBC-MD5 DES-CBC-CRC default_realm = FOO.EXAMPLE.COM dns_lookup_kdc = true clockskew = 300 [logging] default = SYSLOG:NOTICE:DAEMON kdc = FILE:/var/log/kdc.log kadmind = FILE:/var/log/kadmind.log [appdefaults] pam = { ticket_lifetime = 1d renew_lifetime = 1d forwardable = true proxiable = false retain_after_close = false minimum_uid = 0 debug = false banner = "Enter your current" } Let me know if you need to see any other configs. Thanks. EDIT This message shows up in /var/log/secure whenever a non-root user logs in via SSH or the console. It seems to only occur with password-based authentication. If I do a key-based ssh to a server, I don't see the error. If I log in with root, I do not see the error. Our Linux servers authenticate against Active Directory, so its a hearty mix of PAM, samba, kerberos, and winbind that is used to authenticate a user.

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  • KVM recommendations

    - by alex
    I recently tried out a cheaper KVM solution, a dual monitor one with a USB hub and audio/mic support. It seemed the perfect KVM. However, these are my experiences. When using my keyboard via the PS/2 connection, none of my multimedia keys work (useful, because it has a volume control and my speakers do not, only on a wireless remote control.) I plugged the keyboard in via the USB port - and it seemed to work. However, I believe to switch the hub from PC to Mac, you need to use a keyboard combo, which is only supported when the keyboard is plugged in via PS/2 Sometimes the middle mouse button doesn't work when connected via PS/2. The multi monitor is VGA - I just found out by the looks of things my Mac Mini outputs DVI Digital only (though this is my fault!). Mac works with 2 screens, but switching and switching back can cause it not to display on the 2nd screen unless I go detect displays again. My question is - is there a KVM out there that supports these features? USB keyboard and mouse inputs will full multimedia keys support Dual monitor DVI connections Hotkey to change PCs and physical button USB hub Emulate screens attached when switching to a different computer Works with PC and Mac Audio / Microphone support Does one exist, that won't cost the world? So far the only one that seems to support all this (that I can tell) is this one. UPDATE I ended up buying the Aten CS1642. It's expensive, but it seems to work great!

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  • How to get rid of auto-generated sequence number in network's device name in Windows?

    - by Piotr Dobrogost
    Every time one plugs in the same usb wireless adapter in a new usb port, Windows creates new network device with auto-generated sequence number which looks like this Wireless-N USB Network Adapter #2, Wireless-N USB Network Adapter #3, ... The name of a device is being displayed as part of network's information in Control Panel|Network Connections. How can I get rid of this sequence number? I found out device name which is displayed in network's information is kept in the FriendlyName REG_SZ value under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Enum\USB\VID_[device specific string]\[usb port specific string] However when I try to modify this value I get error Cannot edit FriendlyName: Error writing the value's new contents. I tried to delete extra keys under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet001\Enum\USB\VID_13B1&PID_0029 but got Cannot delete KEY NAME: Error while deleting key. error. Trying to solve this problem I followed this answer but trying to change owner with Replace owner on subcontainers and objects option checked I got this error - Registry Editor could not set owner on the currently selected, or some of its subkeys. To find out which subkey is the source of problem I tried changing owner of each subkey. After successfully changing owner of Properites subkey I saw it has subkeys which were previously hidden. Now trying to change owner of these subkeys looks like this: Any idea how to delete these keys?

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  • Samba Server Make Multiple User Permissions Profiles

    - by Scriptonaut
    I have a Samba file server running, and I was wondering how I could make multiple user accounts that have different permissions. For example, at the moment I have a user, smbusr, but when I ssh to the share, I can read, write, execute, and even navigate out of the samba directory and do stuff on the actual computer. This is bad because I want to be able to give out my IP so friends/family can use the server, but I don't want them to be able to do just anything. I want to lock the user in the samba share directory(and all the sub directories). Eventually I would like several profiles such as (smbusr_R, smbusr_RW, smbguest_R, smbguest_RW). I also have a second question related to this, is SSH the best method to connect from other unix machines? What about VPN? Or simply mounting like this: mount -t ext3 -o user=username //ipaddr/share /mnt/mountpoint Is that mounting command above the same thing as a vpn? This is really confusing me. Thanks for the help guys, let me know if you need to see any files, or need anymore information.

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  • Samba Server Make Multiple User Permissions Profiles

    - by Scriptonaut
    I have a Samba file server running, and I was wondering how I could make multiple user accounts that have different permissions. For example, at the moment I have a user, smbusr, but when I ssh to the share, I can read, write, execute, and even navigate out of the samba directory and do stuff on the actual computer. This is bad because I want to be able to give out my IP so friends/family can use the server, but I don't want them to be able to do just anything. I want to lock the user in the samba share directory(and all the sub directories). Eventually I would like several profiles such as (smbusr_R, smbusr_RW, smbguest_R, smbguest_RW). I also have a second question related to this, is SSH the best method to connect from other unix machines? What about VPN? Or simply mounting like this: mount -t ext3 -o user=username //ipaddr/share /mnt/mountpoint Is that mounting command above the same thing as a vpn? This is really confusing me. Thanks for the help guys, let me know if you need to see any files, or need anymore information.

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  • Static routing on a TP-Link TL-WR1043ND

    - by igor
    My home network setup looks like this: Both routers are TP-Link TL-WR1043ND routers. The basement router handles all devices in the house that are connected via cable, handing out addresses for the 10.89.49.0/24 network via DHCP. Wireless doesn’t really work from the basement, as the signal is too weak, so I have disabled it. To do WiFi, I have added a second (identical) router downstairs. On the WAN side it is assigned the 10.89.49.101 IP address from the basement router, and on its LAN it provides the 10.89.7.0/24 network. Basic internet access works flawlessly from any device this way. I am now facing the problem that I am not able to communicate (e.g. SSH) between all devices, wired or wireless. I am able to connect from a wireless device to a wired device, for example SSH-ing from 10.89.7.X to 10.89.49.Y, but it doesn’t work the other way round—despite the fact that I have added a static route to the basement router: Does anybody have any idea on how to solve it? Both routers have already been upgraded to use the most recent firmware from TP-Link.com (Build 110429), to no avail. Errata: I would like to stick with the official firmware, switching to something like DD-WRT or OpenWrt only as a last resort.

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  • User can't SFTP after chroot

    - by Dauntless
    Ubuntu 10.04.4 LTS I'm trying to chroot the user 'sam'. According to all the tutorials out there this should work, but apparently I'm still doing something wrong. The user: sam:x:1005:1006::/home/sam:/bin/false I changed /etc/ssh/sshd_config like this (at the bottom of the file): #Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server # CHROOT JAIL Subsystem sftp internal-sftp Match group users ChrootDirectory %h ForceCommand internal-sftp AllowTcpForwarding no I added sam to the users group: $groups sam sam : sam users I changed the permissions for sam's home folder: $ ls -la /home/sam drwxr-xr-x 11 root root 4096 Sep 23 16:12 . drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 Sep 22 16:29 .. drwxr-xr-x 2 sam users 4096 Sep 23 16:10 awstats drwxr-xr-x 3 sam users 4096 Sep 23 16:10 etc ... drwxr-xr-x 2 sam users 4096 Sep 23 16:10 homes drwxr-x--- 3 sam users 4096 Sep 23 16:10 public_html I restarted ssh and now sam can't log in with SFTP. The session is created, but also closed immediately: Sep 24 12:55:15 ... sshd[9917]: Accepted password for sam from ... Sep 24 12:55:15 ... sshd[9917]: pam_unix(sshd:session): session opened for user sam by (uid=0) Sep 24 12:55:16 ... sshd[9928]: subsystem request for sftp Sep 24 12:55:17 ... sshd[9917]: pam_unix(sshd:session): session closed for user sam Cyberduck says Unexpected end of sftp stream. and other clients give similar errors. What did I forget / what is going wrong? Thanks!

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  • DNAT to 127.0.0.1 with iptables / Destination access control for transparent SOCKS proxy

    - by cdauth
    I have a server running on my local network that acts as a router for the computers in my network. I want to achieve now that outgoing TCP requests to certain IP addresses are tunnelled through an SSH connection, without giving the people from my network the possibility to use that SSH tunnel to connect to arbitrary hosts. The approach I had in mind until now was to have an instance of redsocks listening on localhost and to redirect all outgoing requests to the IP addresses I want to divert to that redsocks instance. I added the following iptables rule: iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp -d 1.2.3.4 -j DNAT --to-destination 127.0.0.1:12345 Apparently, the Linux kernel considers packets coming from a non-127.0.0.0/8 address to an 127.0.0.0/8 address as “Martian packets” and drops them. What worked, though, was to have redsocks listen on eth0 instead of lo and then have iptables DNAT the packets to the eth0 address instead (or using a REDIRECT rule). The problem about this is that then every computer on my network can use the redsocks instance to connect to every host on the internet, but I want to limit its usage to a certain set of IP addresses only. Is there any way to make iptables DNAT packets to 127.0.0.1? Otherwise, does anyone have an idea how I could achieve my goal without opening up the tunnel to everyone? Update: I have also tried to change the source of the packets, without any success: iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -p tcp -s 192.168.1.0/24 -d 1.2.3.4 -j SNAT --to-source 127.0.0.1 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -p tcp -s 192.168.1.0/24 -d 127.0.0.1 -j SNAT --to-source 127.0.0.1

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  • Best Practice: Apache File Upload

    - by matnagel
    I am looking for a soultion for trusted users to upload pdf files via html forms (with maybe php involved). This is quite a standard ubuntu linux server with apache 2.x and php 5. I am wonderiung what are the benefits of the apache file upload module. There were no updates for some time, is it actively maintained? What are the advantages over traditional php upload with apache 2 without this module? http://commons.apache.org/fileupload I remember traditional php file upload is difficult with some pitfalls, will the apache file upload module improve the situation? The solution I am looking for will be part of an existing website and be integrated into the admin web frontend. Things I am not considering are webdav, ssh, ftp, ftps, ftp over ssh. Should work with a browser and without installing special client software, so I am asking about a browser based upload without special client side requirements. I can request a modern browser like firefox = 3.5 or modern webkit broser like chrome or safari from the users.

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  • Validating signature trust with gpg?

    - by larsks
    We would like to use gpg signatures to verify some aspects of our system configuration management tools. Additionally, we would like to use a "trust" model where individual sysadmin keys are signed with a master signing key, and then our systems trust that master key (and use the "web of trust" to validate signatures by our sysadmins). This gives us a lot of flexibility, such as the ability to easily revoke the trust on a key when someone leaves, but we've run into a problem. While the gpg command will tell you if a key is untrusted, it doesn't appear to return an exit code indicating this fact. For example: # gpg -v < foo.asc Version: GnuPG v1.4.11 (GNU/Linux) gpg: armor header: gpg: original file name='' this is a test gpg: Signature made Fri 22 Jul 2011 11:34:02 AM EDT using RSA key ID ABCD00B0 gpg: using PGP trust model gpg: Good signature from "Testing Key <[email protected]>" gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature! gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner. Primary key fingerprint: ABCD 1234 0527 9D0C 3C4A CAFE BABE DEAD BEEF 00B0 gpg: binary signature, digest algorithm SHA1 The part we care about is this: gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature! gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner. The exit code returned by gpg in this case is 0, despite the trust failure: # echo $? 0 How do we get gpg to fail in the event that something is signed with an untrusted signature? I've seen some suggestions that the gpgv command will return a proper exit code, but unfortunately gpgv doesn't know how to fetch keys from keyservers. I guess we can parse the status output (using --status-fd) from gpg, but is there a better way?

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  • Google Chrome mouse wheel takes keyboard focus

    - by Steve Crane
    I recently switched the default browser on all my machines from Firefox to Google Chrome. In general I’m loving Chrome but there is one behaviour that is driving me nuts. Scrolling with the mouse wheel takes keyboard focus away from the document. Here’s what happens. I’ve just opened a page or switched to a new tab and the page has keyboard focus as I can use the keyboard up/down and PgUp/PgDn keys to scroll it; no problem there. But if I then use the wheel on my mouse to scroll the page, it loses the keyboard focus and no longer responds to up/down, PgUp/PgDn, or in fact any other keyboard keys. I have to click on the page background to restore the keyboard focus. This is a minor inconvenience for scrolling but where it really drives me nuts is in Google Reader and Gmail where I use keyboard shortcuts a lot. Here I find that I scroll the article or e-mail I’m reading with the mouse wheel then get no response when I press j/k to move to the next or previous article or e-mail. I am using Windows 7 and the Chrome dev channel (version 4.0.249.43).

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  • Cisco ASA: Routing packets based on where the connections started from

    - by DrStalker
    We have a Cisco ASA 5505 (version 8.2(2)) with three interfaces: outside: IP address 11.11.11.11, this is the default route inside: IP address 10.1.1.1, this is the local subnet newlink: 22.22.22.22, this is a new internet connection. We need to move VPN users from the 11.11.11.11 address to the 22.22.22.22 address, and we're using SSH on the ASA as to test and sort out the routing. The problem we have is this: If we define a particular IP as being on a static route out the newlink interface then it can SSH to 22.22.22.22 fine. If we do not define a static route then the traffic hits the ASA, but the return traffic does not come back over newlink; presumably it gets sent over the outside interfcae as that is the default route. We can't define a static route for each remote endpoint because there are dialup VPN users, who obviously change IP a lot What we need to do is configure the ASA so if a connection comes in on the newlink interface then the outgoing packets for that go over the newlink interface, not the default route. With iptables this should be do-able by marking the connection and doing mark-routing, but what is the equivalent for a Cisco ASA?

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  • Migrate installation from one HDD to another?

    - by dougoftheabaci
    I have a server with a 64 GB SSD inside. It runs just fine, but occasionally there's a hiccup that causes it to nearly fill up. When that happens my server starts to lockup and generally misbehave. I'm looking to buy a bigger SSD (either 128 GB or 256 GB) but I'm a bit unsure of how best to make the transition. For a start, I don't have an external monitor. If I need one I'll have to borrow it from work. Most of the time I just SSH into the server from my iMac. The only solution I can think of would be to buy two FW800 2.5" cases, boot from the 64 GB SSD and clone it to the 128 GB SSD. Seem a bit excessive but it might be my best option. I do have more than one SATA port on my server, but they're all currently being use for storage drives. They don't mount by default, so I could unplug them and just have the two SSDs and do the whole thing via SSH. This is another option I'm considering. My main concern with either is how best to make sure everything goes across. I want a carbon copy of the first one onto the second. This is especially important because I have a ZFS volume (my storage) and I'm a bit unfamiliar with how to move everything across. I could just start fresh and reinstall everything on the SSD, but that seems like extra trouble I don't need. So any advice on how best to achieve my goals would be appreciated. Thanks! Server is running Ubuntu Server 12.04. The iMac has 10.8.1.

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  • Trying to configure DNS on a Godaddy Virtual Dedicated host, Mediatemple Domain Registration [closed]

    - by dclowd9901
    A client of mine purchased VD hosting with Godaddy and a domain name with Mediatemple. I've never configured DNS from scratch, and I'm finding it very difficult to find any sort of explanation on how to go about it. As of right now, Mediatemple is pointing to the Godaddy's ns1.domaincontrol.com and ns2.domaincontrol.com nameservers. The VD hosting on Godaddy (via their Simple Control Panel) has options to "Add a new domain", which brings you through a wizard of sorts that asks you if the domain has already been registered (yes), what it is (dclowd9901.com for this example), create a system username and password for it (with checkboxes for SSH and FTP access), which level of user can administer it, and whether a mail account should be setup. When complete, it also creates a zone file. In this zone file, the Primary nameserver is ns1.dclowd9901.com; the records are as follow (where 12.23.12.34 is the presumed host): @ A 12.23.12.34 @ NS ns1 @ NS ns2 ns1 A 12.23.12.34 ns2 A 12.23.12.34 @ MX mail www A 12.23.12.34 ftp A 12.23.12.34 ssh A 12.23.12.34 mail A 12.23.12.34 If anyone can shed any light on this for me, explain to me the interactions between the registrar and the host and so on, I'd be very grateful. Thanks in advance for the help.

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  • Using multiple computers effectively

    - by Benjamin Oakes
    I have some extra (old) Macs and PCs around the house and a MacBook that's sometimes overworked. I'm looking for tips on using multiple computers effectively. Basically, I'd like to add to the following list. Here's what I'm using so far: Teleport: lets you use a single mouse and keyboard to control several Macs, like Synergy Built-in file sharing: lets me run programs on another Mac, but only maintain one copy of the data Bazaar: distributed version control Mail.app, Thunderbird, etc.: IMAP for my mail accounts TuneConnect: control iTunes on another Mac with a nice interface, using the library on my MacBook (if I choose it by pressing option at startup) over file sharing OmniFocus: syncs across computers pretty seamlessly Web browsing across computers VNC/Remote Desktop Running X-windows programs using ssh -Y hostname for headless operation (but they die when I sleep the connecting computer -- something like GNU screen would be ideal) Plain-old ssh with GNU screen Really, a better idea of what I do might be necessary. Generally though, I'd like to distribute tasks across more than one computer when possible, but not have much overhead in doing so. The perfect solution? An Xgrid-like program that pushes processing across multiple computers automatically and seamlessly (although that seems unlikely). Here's what I have, in case it makes a difference: MacBook (Dual 2.16 GHz, OS X 10.6.3) eMac (1.25 GHz, OS X 10.4.11, soon to be 10.5) Dell Dimension (800 MHz, some version of Ubuntu) -- no dedicated monitor PowerMac G3 (400 MHz, OS X 10.4.11) -- no dedicated monitor iMac G3 DV (400 MHz, OS X 10.4.11) -- currently in the kitchen for recipes, email, web browsing, music, movies (DVDs), etc. (Total, they cost me around $650, mostly for the MacBook. Freecycle is wonderful, just in case you haven't heard of it.) I'm really only using the MacBook and eMac at this point, but I'd like to push more onto it and possibly the PowerMac and Dell.

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  • Solaris ldap Authentication

    - by Tman
    Iv been having a trouble trying to get my Solaris 10 server to authenticate against an eDir server.im managed to Set up my linux(RHeL,SLES) servers to authenticate against the ldap Server.which works fine. Here is my configuration Files. ldapclient list: NS_LDAP_FILE_VERSION= 2.0 NS_LDAP_BINDDN= cn=proxyuser,o=AEDev NS_LDAP_BINDPASSWD= {NS1}ecfa88f3a945c22222233 NS_LDAP_SERVERS= 192.168.0.19 NS_LDAP_SEARCH_BASEDN= ou=auth,o=AEDev NS_LDAP_AUTH= simple NS_LDAP_SEARCH_SCOPE= sub NS_LDAP_CACHETTL= 0 NS_LDAP_CREDENTIAL_LEVEL= anonymous NS_LDAP_SERVICE_SEARCH_DESC= group:ou=Groups,ou=auth,o=AEDev NS_LDAP_SERVICE_SEARCH_DESC= shadow:ou=users,ou=auth,o=AEDev?sub?objectClass=shadowAccount NS_LDAP_SERVICE_SEARCH_DESC= passwd:ou=auth,o=AEDev?sub?objectClass=posixAccount NS_LDAP_BIND_TIME= 10 NS_LDAP_SERVICE_AUTH_METHOD= pam_ldap:simple getent passwd works fine: root:x:0:0:Super-User:/:/sbin/sh daemon:x:1:1::/: bin:x:2:2::/usr/bin: sys:x:3:3::/: adm:x:4:4:Admin:/var/adm: lp:x:71:8:Line Printer Admin:/usr/spool/lp: uucp:x:5:5:uucp Admin:/usr/lib/uucp: nuucp:x:9:9:uucp Admin:/var/spool/uucppublic:/usr/lib/uucp/uucico smmsp:x:25:25:SendMail Message Submission Program:/: listen:x:37:4:Network Admin:/usr/net/nls: gdm:x:50:50:GDM Reserved UID:/: webservd:x:80:80:WebServer Reserved UID:/: postgres:x:90:90:PostgreSQL Reserved UID:/:/usr/bin/pfksh svctag:x:95:12:Service Tag UID:/: nobody:x:60001:60001:NFS Anonymous Access User:/: noaccess:x:60002:60002:No Access User:/: nobody4:x:65534:65534:SunOS 4.x NFS Anonymous Access User:/: tlla:x:2012:100::/home/tlla: test:x:2011:100::/home/test: thato:x:2010:100::/home/thato: pam.conf login auth sufficient pam_unix_auth.so.1 #server_policy login auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_ldap.so.1 try_first_pass login auth required pam_dial_auth.so.1 rlogin auth sufficient pam_rhosts_auth.so.1 rlogin auth requisite pam_authtok_get.so.1 rlogin auth required pam_dhkeys.so.1 rlogin auth required pam_unix_cred.so.1 rlogin auth sufficient pam_unix_auth.so.1 rlogin auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_ldap.so.1 try_first_pass rsh auth sufficient pam_rhosts_auth.so.1 rsh auth required pam_unix_cred.so.1 rsh auth sufficient pam_unix_auth.so.1 #server_policy rsh auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_ldap.so.1 try_first_pass other auth requisite pam_authtok_get.so.1 other auth required pam_dhkeys.so.1 other auth required pam_unix_cred.so.1 other auth sufficient pam_unix_auth.so.1 other auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_ldap.so.1 try_first_pass passwd auth required pam_passwd_auth.so.1 passwd auth sufficient pam_unix_auth.so.1 ssh account sufficient pam_unix.so.1 ssh account sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_ldap.so.1 try_first_pass other account requisite pam_roles.so.1 other account sufficient pam_unix_account.so.1 other account sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_ldap.so.1 try_first_pass other password required pam_dhkeys.so.1 other password requisite pam_authtok_get.so.1 other password requisite pam_authtok_check.so.1 other password required pam_authtok_store.so.1 other password sufficient pam_unix.so.1 other password sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_ldap.so.1 try_first_pass Local Authentication Works But LDAP Authentication Doesn't Work.

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  • using pf for packet filtering and ipfw's dummynet for bandwidth limiting at the same time

    - by krdx
    I would like to ask if it's fine to use pf for all packet filtering (including using altq for traffic shaping) and ipfw's dummynet for bandwidth limiting certain IPs or subnets at the same time. I am using FreeBSD 10 and I couldn't find a definitive answer to this. Googling returns such results as: It works It doesn't work Might work but it's not stable and not recommended It can work as long as you load the kernel modules in the right order It used to work but with recent FreeBSD versions it doesn't You can make it work provided you use a patch from pfsense Then there's a mention that this patch might had been merged back to FreeBSD, but I can't find it. One certain thing is that pfsense uses both firewalls simultaneously so the question is, is it possible with stock FreeBSD 10 (and where to obtain the patch if it's still necessary). For reference here's a sample of what I have for now and how I load things /etc/rc.conf ifconfig_vtnet0="inet 80.224.45.100 netmask 255.255.255.0 -rxcsum -txcsum" ifconfig_vtnet1="inet 10.20.20.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 -rxcsum -txcsum" defaultrouter="80.224.45.1" gateway_enable="YES" firewall_enable="YES" firewall_script="/etc/ipfw.rules" pf_enable="YES" pf_rules="/etc/pf.conf" /etc/pf.conf WAN1="vtnet0" LAN1="vtnet1" set skip on lo0 set block-policy return scrub on $WAN1 all fragment reassemble scrub on $LAN1 all fragment reassemble altq on $WAN1 hfsc bandwidth 30Mb queue { q_ssh, q_default } queue q_ssh bandwidth 10% priority 2 hfsc (upperlimit 99%) queue q_default bandwidth 90% priority 1 hfsc (default upperlimit 99%) nat on $WAN1 from $LAN1:network to any -> ($WAN1) block in all block out all antispoof quick for $WAN1 antispoof quick for $LAN1 pass in on $WAN1 inet proto icmp from any to $WAN1 keep state pass in on $WAN1 proto tcp from any to $WAN1 port www pass in on $WAN1 proto tcp from any to $WAN1 port ssh pass out quick on $WAN1 proto tcp from $WAN1 to any port ssh queue q_ssh keep state pass out on $WAN1 keep state pass in on $LAN1 from $LAN1:network to any keep state /etc/ipfw.rules ipfw -q -f flush ipfw -q add 65534 allow all from any to any ipfw -q pipe 1 config bw 2048KBit/s ipfw -q pipe 2 config bw 2048KBit/s ipfw -q add pipe 1 ip from any to 10.20.20.4 via vtnet1 out ipfw -q add pipe 2 ip from 10.20.20.4 to any via vtnet1 in

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  • How Could My Website Be Hacked

    - by Kiewic
    Hi! I wonder how this could happen. Someone delete my index.php files from all my domains and puts his own index.php files with the next message: Hacked by Z4i0n - Fatal Error - 2009 [Fatal Error Group Br] Site desfigurado por Z4i0n Somos: Elemento_pcx - s4r4d0 - Z4i0n - Belive Gr33tz: W4n73d - M4v3rick - Observing - MLK - l3nd4 - Soul_Fly 2009 My domain has many subdomains, but only the subdomains that can be accessed with an specific user were hacked, the rest weren't affected. I assumed that someone entered through SSH, because some of these subdomains are empty and Google doesn't know about them. But I checked the access log using the last command, but this didn't show any activity through SSH or FTP the day of the attack neither seven days before. Does anybody has an idea? I already changed my passwords. What do you recommend me to do? UPDATE My website is hosted at Dreamhost. I suppose they have the latest patches installed. But, while I was looking how they entered to my server, I found weird things. In one of my subdomains, there were many scripts for execute commands on the server, upload files, send mass emails and display compromising information. These files had been created since last December!! I have deleted those files and I'm looking for more malicious files. Maybe the security hold is an old and forgotten PHP application. This application has a file upload form protected by a password system based on sessions. One of the malicious scripts was in the uploads directory. This doesn't seem like an SQL Injection attack. Thanks for your help.

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  • different nmap results

    - by aasasas
    Hello I have a scan on my server form outside and from inside, why results are different? [root@xxx ~]# nmap -sV -p 0-65535 localhost Starting Nmap 5.51 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2011-02-16 07:59 MSK Nmap scan report for localhost (127.0.0.1) Host is up (0.000015s latency). rDNS record for 127.0.0.1: localhost.localdomain Not shown: 65534 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 22/tcp open ssh OpenSSH 4.3 (protocol 2.0) 80/tcp open http Apache httpd 2.2.3 ((CentOS)) Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at http://nmap.org/submit/ . Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 7.99 seconds AND sh-3.2# nmap -sV -p 0-65535 xxx.com Starting Nmap 5.51 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2011-02-16 00:01 EST Warning: Unable to open interface vmnet1 -- skipping it. Warning: Unable to open interface vmnet8 -- skipping it. Stats: 0:07:49 elapsed; 0 hosts completed (1 up), 1 undergoing SYN Stealth Scan SYN Stealth Scan Timing: About 36.92% done; ETC: 00:22 (0:13:21 remaining) Stats: 0:22:05 elapsed; 0 hosts completed (1 up), 1 undergoing Service Scan Service scan Timing: About 75.00% done; ETC: 00:23 (0:00:02 remaining) Nmap scan report for xxx.com (x.x.x.x) Host is up (0.22s latency). Not shown: 65528 closed ports PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 21/tcp open tcpwrapped 22/tcp open ssh OpenSSH 4.3 (protocol 2.0) 25/tcp open tcpwrapped 80/tcp open http Apache httpd 2.2.3 ((CentOS)) 110/tcp open tcpwrapped 143/tcp open tcpwrapped 443/tcp open tcpwrapped 8080/tcp open http-proxy?

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  • Software distribution from web server to client using PHP/FTP

    - by Jenolan
    I develop and maintain a number of add-ons and utilities for various widget (mainly aMember) which generally means I need to install php based codes onto other people's systems. Whilst I have a VPS and have access to rsync and all sorts of yummy tools most of the people I deal with have a basic ftp access and that's all folks. To upload from my local system is also a problem as I am satellite based (two-way) so it is fairly slow and expensive and in any case the files are already on my server. So there is no rsync, fxp, ssh and I can't really install anything as it is obviously not my system, they would be justifiably miffed if I started installing file managers or other things onto their sites. What I have been trying to find is a utility that I can run on my server from the web, preferably php based, that will be like a file manager but a bit different. Two panels. LH-Side the local server .. pretty much like a standard FM application RH-Side ability to login via FTP to the clients system Then I can fiddle as required. The closest thing I have found is net2ftp but it doesn't have the gui interface, at the moment I simply ssh into my server power up ncftp and run that way, but something easier to use would be mucho niceness. Thanks in advance! Larry

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  • OSX: Mimic Ubuntu IP Masquerading via iptables with ipfw

    - by Dogbert
    Good day, I am attempting to replicate a setup I have between a router and an Ubuntu PC, and have the same setup working on my MacBook (10.6, Snow Leopard). First, I have a router that has a USB port. When I plug it into my Ubuntu PC, it creates an RNDIS connection, allowing me to connect to the router over the USB cable via an IP connection. When I plug it into my computer via USB, it gets assigned an IP address of 172.16.84.1, and a new adapter appears when I type ifconfig. I can then SSH into the device via ssh [email protected]. When I log in to the device, I flush the routes, then create the default route: admin@localhost> route -f admin@localhost> route add default 172.16.84.2 Now, in my Ubuntu machine, I use iptables to enable IP masquerading: root@Valhalla> sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 172.16.84.2 -j MASQUERADE Once this is all done, the router has internet access over the USB connection to my PC. I am trying to replicate this exact setup on my MacBook now (Snow Leopard), but iptables does not exist for OSX, not even a Macports version exists. I have scoured through other questions on StackOverflow that cover the usage of the ipfw command, which apparently works as a drop-in replacement for iptables. However, the syntax is significantly different, and I'm pretty much lost. Does anyone with some experience with ipfw have some suggestions on how I could accomplish this and create a NAT connection via IP masquerading like I could with my Ubuntu PC? Thank you for your assistance.

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  • NAT ports - how do they work?

    - by Davidoper
    I have the following network schema: Computer A: three nics: NIC 1 (eth0): dhcp, public internet NIC 2 (eth1): static 192.168.1.1, gateway for Computer B NIC 3 (eth2): static 192.168.2.1, gateway for Computer C Computer B: static 192.168.1.2, using gateway 192.168.1.1 (NIC 2). Computer C: static 192.168.2.2, using gateway 192.168.2.1 (NIC 3). So I applied this to get NAT working: iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE Every computer can connect to the internet now. I have been applying rules to the main computer (Computer A), like dropping connections to some ports, e.g ssh: iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j DROP But for instance, now I would like only allow connections for ports 20,21,22,53 and 80 in Computer C, and ignore the outside traffic if it's not related to those ports. The allowed connections should be FROM Computer C to outside, but not from outside to Computer C (I mean - Computer C is not hosting any HTTP or SSH, but it is going to use them as a client). I guess this sould be done like this: iptables -A OUTPUT -i eth2 -o eth0 -p tcp --dport 21 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -i eth2 -o eth0 -p tcp --sport 21 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT The last rule (dropping any other traffic different from those) is at the end of the configuration, so -A should be working correctly. The thing is... it is not working. If I put the last rule like this: iptables -A FORWARD -i eth2 -o eth0 -j DROP It just drops everything and, for instance, port 21 (previously opened as you can see above) is not either working. Can you tell me what could I have done wrong? I have been struggling with this problem for some time and I am unable to solve it. Thanks!

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