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• What's the best way to transition to MVC coding?

  - by ggfan

  It's been around 5 months since I picked up a PHP book and started coding in PHP. At first, I created all my sites without any organizational plan or MVC. I soon found out that was a pain.. Then I started to read on stackoverflow on how to separate php and html and that's what I have been doing ever since. Ex: profile.php <--this file is HTML,css. I just echo the functions here. profile_functions.php <--this file is mostly PHP. has the functions. This is how I have been separating all my coding so far and now I feel I should move on and start MVC. But the problem is, I never used classes before and suck with them. And since MVC (such as cakephp and codeigniter) is all classes, that can't be good. My question: Is there any good books/sites/articles that teaches you how to code in MVC? I am looking for beginner beginner books :) I just started reading the codeigniter manuel and I think I am going to use that. When I looked at the example MVC, they use different PHP coding. When I start coding in MVC, would I have to learn a "new" way to code? Because right now I am coding in pure basic PHP.

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• GLFW - Not drawing square

  - by m00st

  I am using GLFW as GUI for OpenGL projects. I am using my red book and testing code and well the first bit of code doesn't work at all. I want to say this is a GLFW problem because I don't have this problem in JOGL. #include <iostream> #include "GL/glfw.h" #ifndef MAIN #define MAIN #include "GL/gl.h" #include "GL/glu.h" #endif using namespace std; int main() { int running = GL_TRUE; glfwInit(); if( !glfwOpenWindow( 300,300, 0,0,0,0,0,0, GLFW_WINDOW ) ) { glfwTerminate(); return 0; } while( running ) { //GL Code here glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0); glColor3f(1.0, 1.0, 1.0); glOrtho(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0, -1.0, 1.0); glBegin(GL_POLYGON); glVertex3f(0.25, 0.25, 0.0); glVertex3f(0.75, 0.25, 0.0); glVertex3f(0.75, 0.75, 0.0); glVertex3f(0.25, 0.75, 0.0); glEnd(); glFlush(); glfwSwapBuffers(); // Check if ESC key was pressed or window was closed running = !glfwGetKey( GLFW_KEY_ESC ) && glfwGetWindowParam( GLFW_OPENED ); } glfwTerminate(); return 0; }

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• Coda Slider and Fancybox Conflict

  - by Jings

  Hey there, i have some issues with Coda Slider and Fancybox. I use Fancybox to load an external Site within an Iframe and Coda Slider is for the Content Slider on the Startpage. If i have the jquery-easing Plugin called in my Head fpr the Coda Slider, the Fancybox doesn't work. When i delete the link to jquery-easing-1.3 the Coda Slider throws an Exception but the Fancybox works perfectly Here is some Code: <script type="text/javascript" src="<?php bloginfo('template_directory') ?>/js/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="<?php bloginfo('template_directory') ?>/fancybox/jquery.fancybox-1.3.4.pack.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="<?php bloginfo('template_directory') ?>/js/coda-slider.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="<?php bloginfo('template_directory') ?>/js/jquery.easing.1.3.js"></script> <script> $(document).ready(function(){ $(".book a").fancybox({ 'width' : '75%', 'height' : '75%', 'speedIn' : 600, 'speedOut' : 200, 'overlayShow' : true, 'type' : 'iframe', 'autoscale' : false, 'hideOnOverlayClick' : true }); $('#coda-slider').codaSlider({ autoSlide: true, autoSlideInterval: 5500, autoHeightEaseDuration: 2500, autoHeightEaseFunction: "easeInOutElastic", slideEaseDuration: 2500, slideEaseFunction: "easeInOutElastic", dynamicArrows: false, dynamicTabs: false }); }); </script> Don't know why this doesn't work as it should :) Hope you Guys know =)

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• randomized quicksort: probability of two elements comparison?

  - by bantu

  I am reading "Probability and Computing" by M.Mitzenmacher, E.Upfal and I have problems understanding how the probability of comparison of two elements is calculated. Input: the list (y1,y2,...,YN) of numbers. We are looking for pivot element. Question: what is probability that two elements yi and yj (ji) will be compared? Answer (from book): yi and yj will be compared if either yi or yj will be selected as pivot in first draw from sequence (yi,yi+1,...,yj-1,yj). So the probablity is: 2/(y-i+1). The problem for me is initial claim: for example, picking up yi in the first draw from the whole list will cause the comparison with yj (and vice-versa) and the probability is 2/n. So, rather the "reverse" claim is true -- none of the (yi+1,...,yj-1) elements can be selected beforeyi or yj, but the "pool" size is not fixed (in first draw it is n for sure, but on the second it is smaller). Could someone please explain this, how the authors come up with such simplified conclusion? Thank you in advance

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• F# Async problem.

  - by chrisdew

  Hi, I've written a dummy http server as an exercise in F#. I'm using Mono 2.4.4 on Ubuntu 10.04 x86_64, with MonoDevelop. The following code fails to compile with the error: Error FS0039: The field, constructor or member 'Spawn' is not defined (FS0039) Could someone try this in VisualStudio please, I don't know whether this is a Mono problem, or my problem. I have tried several Async examples from the F# book, and they also all produce similar messages about Async.* methods. Thanks, Chris. #light open System open System.IO open System.Threading open System.Net open System.Net.Sockets open Microsoft.FSharp.Control.CommonExtensions printfn "%s" "Hello World!" let headers = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\nContent-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\r\nContent-Length: 37\r\nDate: Sun, 13 Jun 2010 05:30:00 GMT\r\nServer: FSC/0.0.1\r\n\r\n") let content = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("<html><body>Hello World</body></html>") let serveAsync (client : TcpClient) = async { let out = client.GetStream() do! out.AsyncWrite(headers) do! Async.Sleep 3000 do! out.AsyncWrite(content) do out.Close() } let http_server (ip, port) = let server = new TcpListener(IPAddress.Parse(ip),port) server.Start() while true do let client = server.AcceptTcpClient() printfn "new client" Async.Spawn (serveAsync client) http_server ("0.0.0.0", 1234)

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• why does b'(and sometimes b' ') show up when I split some HTML source[Python]

  - by Oliver

  I'm fairly new to Python and programming in general. I have done a few tutorials and am about 2/3 through a pretty good book. That being said I've been trying to get more comfortable with Python and proggramming by just trying things in the std lib out. that being said I have recently run into a wierd quirk that I'm sure is the result of my own incorrect or un-"pythonic" use of the urllib module(with Python 3.2.2) import urllib.request HTML_source = urllib.request.urlopen(www.somelink.com).read() print(HTML_source) when this bit is run through the active interpreter it returns the HTML source of somelink, however it prefixes it with b' for example b'<HTML>\r\n<HEAD> (etc). . . . if I split the string into a list by whitespace it prefixes every item with the b' I'm not really trying to accomplish something specific just trying to familiarize myself with the std lib. I would like to know why this b' is getting prefixed also bonus -- Is there a better way to get HTML source WITHOUT using a third party module. I know all that jazz about not reinventing the wheel and what not but I'm trying to learn by "building my own tools" Thanks in Advance!

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• Default template parameters with forward declaration

  - by Seth Johnson

  Is it possible to forward declare a class that uses default arguments without specifying or knowing those arguments? For example, I would like to declare a boost::ptr_list< TYPE > in a Traits class without dragging the entire Boost library into every file that includes the traits. I would like to declare namespace boost { template<class T> class ptr_list< T >; }, but that doesn't work because it doesn't exactly match the true class declaration: template < class T, class CloneAllocator = heap_clone_allocator, class Allocator = std::allocator<void*> > class ptr_list { ... }; Are my options only to live with it or to specify boost::ptr_list< TYPE, boost::heap_clone_allocator, std::allocator<void*> in my traits class? (If I use the latter, I'll also have to forward declare boost::heap_clone_allocator and include <memory>, I suppose.) I've looked through Stroustrup's book, SO, and the rest of the internet and haven't found a solution. Usually people are concerned about not including STL, and the solution is "just include the STL headers." However, Boost is a much more massive and compiler-intensive library, so I'd prefer to leave it out unless I absolutely have to.

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• Applying policy based design question

  - by Arthur

  I've not read the Modern C++ Design book but have found the idea of behavior injection through templates interesting. I am now trying to apply it myself. I have a class that has a logger that I thought could be injected as a policy. The logger has a log() method which takes an std::string or std::wstring depending on its policy: // basic_logger.hpp template<class String> class basic_logger { public: typedef String string_type; void log(const string_type & s) { ... } }; typedef basic_logger<std::string> logger; typedef basic_logger<std::wstring> wlogger; // reader.hpp template<class Logger = logger> class reader { public: typedef Logger logger_type; void read() { _logger.log("Reading..."); } private: logger_type _logger; }; Now the questing is, should the reader take a Logger as an argument, like above, or should it take a String and then instantiate a basic_logger as an instance variable? Like so: template<class String> class reader { public: typedef String string_type; typedef basic_logger<string_type> logger_type; // ... private: logger_type _logger; }; What is the right way to go?

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• How to change attribute on Scala XML Element

  - by Dave

  I have an XML file that I would like to map some attributes of in with a script. For example: <a> <b attr1 = "100" attr2 = "50"> </a> might have attributes scaled by a factor of two: <a> <b attr1 = "200" attr2 = "100"> </a> This page has a suggestion for adding attributes but doesn't detail a way to map a current attribute with a function (this way would make that very hard): http://www.scalaclass.com/book/export/html/1 What I've come up with is to manually create the XML (non-scala) linked-list... something like: // a typical match case for running thru XML elements: case Elem(prefix, e, attributes, scope, children @ _*) => { var newAttribs = attributes for(attr <- newAttribs) attr.key match { case "attr1" => newAttribs = attribs.append(new UnprefixedAttribute("attr1", (attr.value.head.text.toFloat * 2.0f).toString, attr.next)) case "attr2" => newAttribs = attribs.append(new UnprefixedAttribute("attr2", (attr.value.head.text.toFloat * 2.0f).toString, attr.next)) case _ => } Elem(prefix, e, newAttribs, scope, updateSubNode(children) : _*) // set new attribs and process the child elements } Its hideous, wordy, and needlessly re-orders the attributes in the output, which is bad for my current project due to some bad client code. Is there a scala-esque way to do this?

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• How can I catch an invalid fgetpos call as a C++ exception on Windows?

  - by Brent Arias

  In Visual C++ 2008, I want to "catch" an exception generated as shown here: try { int foo = 20; ::fgetpos(0, (fpos_t*)&foo); } //... Here are adjustments I've made to attempt a successful catch: SEH is activated (/eha) I've added a catch(...) I've added a _set_se_translator vector. I've added/adjusted to SEH syntax: __try / __except(EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER) In short, I've tried "everything in the book" and I still can't catch the exception. If I replace the call to ::fgetpos with int hey = foo / 0 then suddenly all of the above techniques work as expected. So the exception I'm dealing with from ::fgetpos is somehow "extra special." Can someone explain why this ::fgetpos error seems uncatchable, and how to work around it? update When executed in the VS IDE, the output window doesn't name an exception. All it says is this: Microsoft Visual Studio C Runtime Library has detected a fatal error in MyProgram.exe. Not very helpful. When I run the console app from the command line, I get a crash dialogue. The "problem details" section of the dialogue includes this information: Problem Event Name: BEX Exception Offset:0002fd30 Exception Code: c0000417 Exception Data: 00000000 Additional Information 1:69ad Additional Information 2:69addfb19767b2221c8e3e7a5cd2f4ae Additional Information 3:b1ff Additional Information 4:b1ffca30cadddc78c19f19b6d150997f

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• What are the useful UNIX functions that MS doesn't implement? And why? [closed]

  - by prosseek

  When programming with Python, I came across some functions that are not implemented on Windows. os.fork() may be one of them. UNIX came before WinNT, so the WinNT developers (most notably Dave Cutler) must knew about the features and functions of the UNIX. But, to me, it seems that MS didn't like UNIX so much that they mistakenly/intentionally skipped or distorted some of the useful UNIX functions/features; i.e. /abc/def in UNIX, \abc\def in Windows as an easy example. And when I read the Windows System Programming book, I felt uncomfortable as the Windows system functions seem nothing more than a tweak from UNIX. (I might be wrong.) What are those functions/features that MS OSes don't have, but UNIX origninated? Is there any reason for this? Do they just want to differentiate from UNIX world? Or do they think some of the UNIX functions are unnecessary? Is Windows a tweak from UNIX? Or, is there any great OS features that were invented in MS to make Windows better than UNIX?

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• Templates, and C++ operator for logic: B contained by set A

  - by James Morris

  In C++, I'm looking to implement an operator for selecting items in a list (of type B) based upon B being contained entirely within A. In the book "the logical design of digital computers" by Montgomery Phister jr (published 1958), p54, it says: F11 = A + ~B has two interesting and useful associations, neither of them having much to do with computer design. The first is the logical notation of implication... The second is notation of inclusion... This may be expressed by a familiar looking relation, B < A; or by the statement "B is included in A"; or by the boolean equation F11= A + ~B = 1. My initial implementation was in C. Callbacks were given to the list to use for such operations. An example being a list of ints, and a struct containting two ints, min and max, for selection purposes. There, selection would be based upon B = A-min && B <= A-max. Using C++ and templates, how would you approach this after having implemented a generic list in C using void pointers and callbacks? Is using < as an over-ridden operator for such purposes... <ugh> evil? </ugh> (or by using a class B for the selection criteria, implementing the comparison by overloading ?)

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• Javascript "this" variable confusion

  - by Assaf M

  Hi I am currently reading the book "Javascript: The Good Parts" and was playing with Functions. I produced a test script to test some properties and I am somewhat confused by the results. Here is the code: <h3>Object</h3> <div style="padding-left: 10px;"> <script type="text/javascript"> function outterF() { document.writeln("outterF.this = " + this + "<br>"); function innerF() { document.writeln("innerF.this = " + this + "<br>"); return this; }; var inner = innerF(); return this; } document.writeln("<b>From Inside:</b><br>"); var outF = outterF(); var inF = outF.inner; document.writeln("<br>"); document.writeln("<b>From Outside:</b><br>"); document.writeln("outterF.this = " + outF + "<br>"); document.writeln("innerF.this = " + inF + "<br>"); </script> </div> Result is: Object From Inside: outterF.this = [object Window] innerF.this = [object Window] From Outside: outterF.this = [object Window] innerF.this = undefined Notice that outF.inner returns "undefined", is that some kind of a language bug? Obviously, outF.inner points to Window object that has nothing to do with my object but shouldn't it be at least pointing to a Function object instead? Thanks -Assaf

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• should variable be released or not? iphone-sdk

  - by psebos

  Hi, In the following piece of code (from a book) data is an NSDictionary *data; defined in the header (no property). In the viewDidLoad of the controller the following occurs: - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; NSArray *keys = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"home", @"work", nil]; NSArray *homeDVDs = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"Thomas the Builder", nil]; NSArray *workDVDs = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"Intro to Blender", nil]; NSArray *values = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:homeDVDs, workDVDs, nil]; data = [[NSDictionary alloc] initWithObjects:values forKeys:keys]; } Since I am really new to objective-c can someone explain to me why I do not have to retain the variables keys,homeDVDs,workDVDs and values prior exiting the function? I would expect prior the data allocation something like: [keys retain]; [homeDVDs retain]; [workDVDs retain]; [values retain]; or not? Does InitWithObjects copies (recursively) all objects into a new table? Assuming we did not have the last line (data allocation) should we release all the NSArrays prior exiting the function (or we could safely assumed that all NSArrays will be autoreleased since there is no alloc for each one?) Thanks!!!!

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• Alternative to Galileo GWS

  - by Anton Gogolev

  Please note that this Galileo is absolutely not related to Java. Galileo is basically a set of web services which can be used to book airline tickets. Originally, it was supposed to be used via Galileo Desktop, whereby operators would enter various commands to perform required operations. For example, SA*AZ610J20JULFCOJFK will "Display seat availability map for specified flight and class". Granted, humans can get used to it and be very efficient, but here comes a problem of integrating this with other systems. For that, folks at TravelPort basically slapped a SOAP interface to this system (which must have been written in COBOL or something), without even thinking about actually embracing XML. For example, it can contain <Ind1>N</Ind1> <Ind2>N</Ind2> <Ind3>N</Ind3> ... <Ind72>N</Ind72> <!-- Yes! 72! --> or, better yet <Text>P/RU/4xxx24528/RU/11MAY67/M/23DEC12/AxxxxxxV/MxxxM</Text> In light of this, my question is as follows: are there any sane airline tickets booking systems we can integrate with? Or are there companies which have products that can abstract away all this?

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• R: How to remove outliers from a smoother in ggplot2?

  - by John

  I have the following data set that I am trying to plot with ggplot2, it is a time series of three experiments A1, B1 and C1 and each experiment had three replicates. I am trying to add a stat which detects and removes outliers before returning a smoother (mean and variance?). I have written my own outlier function (not shown) but I expect there is already a function to do this, I just have not found it. I've looked at stat_sum_df("median_hilow", geom = "smooth") from some examples in the ggplot2 book, but I didn't understand the help doc from Hmisc to see if it removes outliers or not. Is there a function to remove outliers like this in ggplot, or where would I amend my code below to add my own function? library (ggplot2) data = data.frame (day = c(1,3,5,7,1,3,5,7,1,3,5,7,1,3,5,7,1,3,5,7,1,3,5,7,1,3,5,7,1,3,5,7,1,3,5,7), od = c( 0.1,1.0,0.5,0.7 ,0.13,0.33,0.54,0.76 ,0.1,0.35,0.54,0.73 ,1.3,1.5,1.75,1.7 ,1.3,1.3,1.0,1.6 ,1.7,1.6,1.75,1.7 ,2.1,2.3,2.5,2.7 ,2.5,2.6,2.6,2.8 ,2.3,2.5,2.8,3.8), series_id = c( "A1", "A1", "A1","A1", "A1", "A1", "A1","A1", "A1", "A1", "A1","A1", "B1", "B1","B1", "B1", "B1", "B1","B1", "B1", "B1", "B1","B1", "B1", "C1","C1", "C1", "C1", "C1","C1", "C1", "C1", "C1","C1", "C1", "C1"), replicate = c( "A1.1","A1.1","A1.1","A1.1", "A1.2","A1.2","A1.2","A1.2", "A1.3","A1.3","A1.3","A1.3", "B1.1","B1.1","B1.1","B1.1", "B1.2","B1.2","B1.2","B1.2", "B1.3","B1.3","B1.3","B1.3", "C1.1","C1.1","C1.1","C1.1", "C1.2","C1.2","C1.2","C1.2", "C1.3","C1.3","C1.3","C1.3")) > data day od series_id replicate 1 1 0.10 A1 A1.1 2 3 1.00 A1 A1.1 3 5 0.50 A1 A1.1 4 7 0.70 A1 A1.1 5 1 0.13 A1 A1.2 6 3 0.33 A1 A1.2 7 5 0.54 A1 A1.2 8 7 0.76 A1 A1.2 9 1 0.10 A1 A1.3 10 3 0.35 A1 A1.3 11 5 0.54 A1 A1.3 12 7 0.73 A1 A1.3 13 1 1.30 B1 B1.1 This is what I have so far and is working nicely, but outliers are not removed: r <- ggplot(data = data, aes(x = day, y = od)) r + geom_point(aes(group = replicate, color = series_id)) + # add points geom_line(aes(group = replicate, color = series_id)) + # add lines geom_smooth(aes(group = series_id)) # add smoother, average of each replicate

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• Concurrency and Coordination Runtime (CCR) Learning Resources

  - by Harry

  I have recently been learning the in's and out's of the Concurrency and Coordination Runtime (CCR). Finding good learning resources for this relatively new technology has been quite difficult. (A quick google search brings up "Creedence Clearwater Revival" as the top result!) Some of the resources I have found: Free e-book chapter from WROX on the Robotics Developer Studio Good Article/post on InfoQ Robotic's Member blog Very active MSDN CCR Forum - Got plenty of help from here! Great MSDN Magazine by Jeffrey Richter Official CCR User Guide - Didn't find this very helpful Great blogging series on CCR iodyner CCR Related Blog - Update: Moved to here Eight or so Videos on Channel9.msdn.com CCR Patterns page on MS Robotics Studio - I haven't read this yet 4 x CCR Questions on Stackoverflow - Most of the questions have been Mine! LOL CCR and DSS toolkit has now been released to MSDN Members Do you have any good learning resources for the CCR? I really hope that Microsoft will publish more material, so far it has been too Robotics specific. I believe that MS needs to acknowledge that most people are using the CCR in issolation from the DSS and Robotics Studio. Update The Mix 2010 conference had a presentation by Myspace about how they have used the CCR framework in their middle tier. They also open sourced the code base. MySpace DataRelay Mix Video Presentation

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• Java (or possibly other languages) learning path

  - by bgo

  I am familiar (as a self-learner) with C, python and php such that i can solve some problems involving simple steps (for example, i easily do calculations for physics lab reports with python which normally would take 4x-5x times longer with a calculator). The point here is, as doing such things, i learnt the idea / concepts of programming language and problem solving along with oop or fuctional programming etc. Recently i have started Java and, with the familiarity of other languages, i am doing well for starters but i need guidence. -I am thinking of learning syntax from sun java tutorials and then practicing with codingbat.com or similar sites. I need a reference book that i can study deeper aspects of the topics i am learning. What do you suggest about these? -The problem is (and always have been) the lack of practice. I need coding and problem-solving practices sources. I stuck at the point where i can't figure out what to do next. Can you suggest any source (possibly like codingbat)? If i could plan a learning trail, i can progress faster and efficiently. So i need ideas, comments, suggestions. Thanks in advance.

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• iPhone Rendering Question

  - by slythic

  Hi all, I'm new to iPhone/Objective-C development. I "jumped the gun" and started reading and implementing some chapters from O'Reilly's iPhone Development. I was following the ebook's code exactly and my code was generating the following error: CGContextSetFillColorWithColor: invalid context CGContextFillRects: invalid context CGContextSetFillColorWithColor: invalid context CGContextGetShouldSmoothFonts: invalid context However, when I downloaded the sample code for the same chapter the code is different. Book Code: - (void) Render { CGContextRef g = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext(); //fill background with gray CGContextSetFillColorWithColor(g, [UIColor grayColor].CGColor); CGContextFillRect(g, CGRectMake(0, 0, self.frame.size.width, self.frame.size.height)); //draw text in black. CGContextSetFillColorWithColor(g, [UIColor blackColor].CGColor); [@"O'Reilly Rules!" drawAtPoint:CGPointMake(10.0, 20.0) withFont:[UIFont systemFontOfSize:[UIFont systemFontSize]]]; } Actual Project Code from the website (works): - (void) Render { [self setNeedsDisplay]; //this sets up a deferred call to drawRect. } - (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect { CGContextRef g = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext(); //fill background with gray CGContextSetFillColorWithColor(g, [UIColor grayColor].CGColor); CGContextFillRect(g, CGRectMake(0, 0, self.frame.size.width, self.frame.size.height)); //draw text in black. CGContextSetFillColorWithColor(g, [UIColor blackColor].CGColor); [@"O'Reilly Rules!" drawAtPoint:CGPointMake(10.0, 20.0) withFont:[UIFont systemFontOfSize:[UIFont systemFontSize]]]; } What is it about these lines of code that make the app render correctly? - (void) Render { [self setNeedsDisplay]; //this sets up a deferred call to drawRect. } - (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect { Thanks in advance for helping out a newbie!

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• how to do these in visio 2007?

  - by user285825

  I am very annoyed with this software. I am unable to do many things with this software. In the book 'UML distilled' many features of UML are discussed which I am not sure how to accomplish with visio 2007. For instance, 1) I can't find the unary association. In the UML static structure under shapes panel on left, there are a lot of components like package, class, blah, blah, binary association, blah, blah, association class. But where is unary association. 2) For sequence diagram, I created a message (any of sync, async, call type message, ordinary message). The I tried to incorporate some parameter information. I went to the properties. There were a category called arguments. But selecting that shows a table where arguments are supposed to be shown. But all are diasbled. 3) For sequence diagram, there is no component delete (the big X) in the UML Sequence. 4) For class diagram, there is supposed to be a comment compartment where comments like mentioning the responsibilities are allowed using a comment prefixed with "--". But I am not sure how to accomplish them. 5) there is also supposed to be a way to indicate static properties of a class. But I am not sure how to do that in visio. 6) there is supposed to be a stereotype for class <. But in the stereotype drop down there is no stereotype. 7) where is the ball and socket component?

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• Defining < for STL sort algorithm - operator overload, functor or standalone function?

  - by Andy

  I have a stl::list containing Widget class objects. They need to be sorted according to two members in the Widget class. For the sorting to work, I need to define a less-than comparator comparing two Widget objects. There seems to be a myriad of ways to do it. From what I can gather, one can either: a. Define a comparison operator overload in the class: bool Widget::operator< (const Widget &rhs) const b. Define a standalone function taking two Widgets: bool operator<(const Widget& lhs, const Widget& rhs); And then make the Widget class a friend of it: class Widget { // Various class definitions ... friend bool operator<(const Widget& lhs, const Widget& rhs); }; c. Define a functor and then include it as a parameter when calling the sort function: class Widget_Less : public binary_function<Widget, Widget, bool> { bool operator()(const Widget &lhs, const Widget& rhs) const; }; Does anybody know which method is better? In particular I am interested to know if I should do 1 or 2. I searched the book Effective STL by Scott Meyer but unfortunately it does not have anything to say about this. Thank you for your reply.

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• Patterns for non-layered applications

  - by Paul Stovell

  In Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture, Martin Fowler writes: This book is thus about how you decompose an enterprise application into layers and how those layers work together. Most nontrivial enterprise applications use a layered architecture of some form, but in some situations other approaches, such as pipes and filters, are valuable. I don't go into those situations, focussing instead on the context of a layered architecture because it's the most widely useful. What patterns exist for building non-layered applications/parts of an application? Take a statistical modelling engine for a financial institution. There might be a layer for data access, but I expect that most of the code would be in a single layer. Would you still expect to see Gang of Four patterns in such a layer? How about a domain model? Would you use OO at all, or would it be purely functional? The quote mentions pipes and filters as alternate models to layers. I can easily imagine a such an engine using pipes as a way to break down the data processing. What other patterns exist? Are there common patterns for areas like task scheduling, results aggregation, or work distribution? What are some alternatives to MapReduce?

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• How do I write test code to exercise a C# generic Pair<TKey, TValue> ?

  - by Scott Davies

  Hi, I am reading through Jon Skeet's "C# in Depth", first edition (which is a great book). I'm in section 3.3.3, page 84, "Implementing Generics". Generics always confuse me, so I wrote some code to exercise the sample. The code provided is: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; public sealed class Pair<TFirst, TSecond> : IEquatable<Pair<TFirst, TSecond>> { private readonly TFirst first; private readonly TSecond second; public Pair(TFirst first, TSecond second) { this.first = first; this.second = second; } ...property getters... public bool Equals(Pair<TFirst, TSecond> other) { if (other == null) { return false; } return EqualityComparer<TFirst>.Default.Equals(this.First, other.First) && EqualityComparer<TSecond>.Default.Equals(this.Second, other.Second); } My code is: class MyClass { public static void Main (string[] args) { // Create new pair. Pair thePair = new Pair(new String("1"), new String("1")); // Compare a new pair to previous pair by generating a second pair. if (thePair.Equals(new Pair(new string("1"), new string("1")))) System.Console.WriteLine("Equal"); else System.Console.WriteLine("Not equal"); } } The compiler complains: "Using the generic type 'ManningListing36.Paie' requires 2 type argument(s) CS0305" What am I doing wrong ? Thanks, Scott

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• Why does the add() method in PHP-GTK cause 2 parent-set signals to be emmitted?

  - by JW

  I am going through the book PHP-GTK and trying out listing 4-1 One thing I notice is that with the following code some odd output occurs: <?php //listing4-1b.php function setParentFunction($widget) { //get the widgets parent $parent = $widget->get_parent(); //echo a mssg about the widget echo 'The ' . get_class($widget) .' has '; if (isset($parent)) { //ech the class of the parent widget echo 'a '. get_class($parent); } else { //the widget does not have a parent echo 'no'; } echo " parent. \n"; } //start with widgets $frame = new GtkFrame('i am a frame'); $button = new GtkButton('i am a button'); //connect the event to our test function $button->connect('parent-set', 'setParentFunction'); $frame->add($button); ?> The output is: # php listing4-1b.php The GtkButton has a GtkFrame parent. The GtkButton has no parent. Now, I can understand why the first signal is getting emitted and causing the first line of output: The GtkButton has a GtkFrame parent. But, I don't understand why the 2nd 'parent change' is reported to have happened: The GtkButton has no parent. I expected only to see the signal getting emitted / and handled only once in this short script. Does this 2nd signal get emmitted when the script closes down?

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• svnserve not strictly required?

  - by Kev

  I was reading the Red Bean book and noticed this paragraph: Do not be seduced by the simple idea of having all of your users access a repository directly via file:// URLs. Even if the repository is readily available to everyone via a network share, this is a bad idea. It removes any layers of protection between the users and the repository: users can accidentally (or intentionally) corrupt the repository database, it becomes hard to take the repository offline for inspection or upgrade, and it can lead to a mess of file permission problems (see the section called “Supporting Multiple Repository Access Methods”). Note that this is also one of the reasons we warn against accessing repositories via svn+ssh:// URLs—from a security standpoint, it's effectively the same as local users accessing via file://, and it can entail all the same problems if the administrator isn't careful. I realized that, since I'm the only one accessing the repository, ever, none of these caveats seem to apply. Can I safely down svnserve then and only ever have to worry about upgrading my TortoiseSVN client, not both the client and the server whenever there's a new version out? (I've tried it already--just needed to use the Relocate feature to switch from svn:// to file://--but I wanted to make sure something wouldn't be sneaking up on me if I left it this way.)

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