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  • How to remotely open gedit with SFTP URL in Gnome through SSH?

    - by Álvaro Justen
    My setup is weird and I can't change it now. I have two machines: local-machine: it's my desktop running Ubuntu with Gnome remote-machine: it's one virtual machine, also running Ubuntu but without X In both machines I have my private and public SSH keys. I need to run SSH from remote-machine to local-machine and run gedit (in local-machine, under the default $DISPLAY) but openning a file in remote-machine throught SFTP. Something like this: myuser@remote-machine:~$ ssh local-machine "DISPLAY=:0.0 gedit sftp://remote-machine/some/file" The command above doesn't work. gedit shows this message: Could not open the file sftp://remote-machine/some/file. gedit cannot handle sftp: locations. Note that: /some/file exists on remote-machine. I can SSH normally from remote-machine to local-machine using my SSH key without any problems! I can run the command DISPLAY=:0.0 gedit sftp://remote-machine/some/file in a terminal on local-machine and gedit opens the file on remote-machine without any problems - but the terminal in which I executed the command is running in DISPLAY :0 (really, it's gnome-terminal). I also tried -t option of SSH client (to force pseudo-tty allocation) but it didn't work. If I try to run DISPLAY=:0.0 gedit sftp://remote-machine/some/file in local-machine but under a tty (for example in tty1, by pressing <Ctrl>+<Alt>+<F1>) it doesn't not work - I get the same error when running from remote-machine. I found that if I pass the environment variable DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS with a correct value, it works! So, if I do something like that: myuser@local-machine:~$ env | grep DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS > env.txt myuser@local-machine:~$ scp env.txt remote-machine: and then: myuser@remote-machine:~$ ssh local-machine "DISPLAY=:0.0 $(cat env.txt) gedit sftp://remote-machine/some/file" it works! The problem is that I'm not on local-machine so I can't get the correct value for this env variable. Is there any other way to make this work?

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  • Is there a way to tell SGE to run specific jobs as root on the execution node?

    - by Rick Reynolds
    The title kinda says it all... We're using SGE/OGE to submit jobs to a set of worker nodes that then do things with specific pieces of equipment. The programs and scripts that have been created that manipulate this equipment rely on running as root. I'd like SGE to handle allocation of resources in a way that is mindful of users, groups, projects, etc., but I also need the actual jobs to run with root permissions. I've read up on How can one run a prologue script as root in gridengine? to see if anything there was pertinent, but it seems that SGE is providing the "user@" kind of spec specifically for prolog and epilog kinds of actions. Is there any similar functionality for the job itself? I'm aware of su/sudo approaches, but that won't really work in this environment because the sudoers file isn't globally managed (i.e. I'd have to add a whole set of users to /etc/sudoers on lots of machines). I'm currently looking into a setuid kind of solution, but that would definitely be an unnecessary kind of work-around if SGE provides me a way to declare that a specific job (or jobs in a specific queue) always needs to run with a specific user's rights.

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  • Resizing a LUKS encrypted volume

    - by mgorven
    I have a 500GiB ext4 filesystem on top of LUKS on top of an LVM LV. I want to resize the LV to 100GiB. I know how to resize ext4 on top of an LVM LV, but how do I deal with the LUKS volume? mgorven@moab:~% sudo lvdisplay /dev/moab/backup --- Logical volume --- LV Name /dev/moab/backup VG Name moab LV UUID nQ3z1J-Pemd-uTEB-fazN-yEux-nOxP-QQair5 LV Write Access read/write LV Status available # open 1 LV Size 500.00 GiB Current LE 128000 Segments 1 Allocation inherit Read ahead sectors auto - currently set to 2048 Block device 252:3 mgorven@moab:~% sudo cryptsetup status backup /dev/mapper/backup is active and is in use. type: LUKS1 cipher: aes-cbc-essiv:sha256 keysize: 256 bits device: /dev/mapper/moab-backup offset: 3072 sectors size: 1048572928 sectors mode: read/write mgorven@moab:~% sudo tune2fs -l /dev/mapper/backup tune2fs 1.42 (29-Nov-2011) Filesystem volume name: backup Last mounted on: /srv/backup Filesystem UUID: 63877e0e-0549-4c73-8535-b7a81eb363ed Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53 Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic) Filesystem features: has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype extent flex_bg sparse_super large_file huge_file uninit_bg dir_nlink extra_isize Filesystem flags: signed_directory_hash Default mount options: (none) Filesystem state: clean with errors Errors behavior: Continue Filesystem OS type: Linux Inode count: 32768000 Block count: 131071616 Reserved block count: 0 Free blocks: 112894078 Free inodes: 32044830 First block: 0 Block size: 4096 Fragment size: 4096 Reserved GDT blocks: 992 Blocks per group: 32768 Fragments per group: 32768 Inodes per group: 8192 Inode blocks per group: 512 RAID stride: 128 RAID stripe width: 128 Flex block group size: 16 Filesystem created: Sun Mar 11 19:24:53 2012 Last mount time: Sat May 19 13:29:27 2012 Last write time: Fri Jun 1 11:07:22 2012 Mount count: 0 Maximum mount count: 100 Last checked: Fri Jun 1 11:03:50 2012 Check interval: 31104000 (12 months) Next check after: Mon May 27 11:03:50 2013 Lifetime writes: 118 GB Reserved blocks uid: 0 (user root) Reserved blocks gid: 0 (group root) First inode: 11 Inode size: 256 Required extra isize: 28 Desired extra isize: 28 Journal inode: 8 Default directory hash: half_md4 Directory Hash Seed: 383bcbc5-fde9-4720-b98e-2d6224713ecf Journal backup: inode blocks

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  • MAC addresses on dual-NIC mainboards

    - by Tom O'Connor
    Here's a weird problem. We've got a number of devices with dual-NIC mainboards. Some are Realtek NICs, which suck. Some are Intel e1000s, which don't. I've just noticed on 2 machines, one is an Intel NIC, one is a Realtek, that when I put the MAC address of one machine into the dhcpd.conf file on our DHCP server to get it to PXE boot the machine into a rebuild environment, initially everything is fine. The server gets a DHCP allocation, and PXE boots into the Ubuntu preseed enviroment. On one or two machines, it gets as far as Ubuntu's DHCP network configuration, and fails. If i pull up a busybox shell (on tty2 on the installing machine), and run ip link, I can see that the UP flag is set on the other NIC. Here's some stuff. host xeon16-ghz240-gb48-node1 { hardware ethernet BC:AE:C5:07:1F:18; filename "pxelinux.0"; next-server 192.168.123.80; } That's what's in dhcpd.conf This is what ip link on the evil machine looks like. Only one NIC is actually connected (deliberately). As you can see, the NIC that's in the dhcpd config, is not marked as UP, and the link that is UP, isn't the one in DHCP. So far I've seen this on two brands of dual-NIC configuration. Does anyone know 1) what's causing it, and b) What we can do about it?

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  • Need a VM for running a PHP Sandbox

    - by Phani
    I am working on Web application honeypot. It collects PHP files it receives (as part of an RFI attack) and runs them in order to return the result back to the attacker. The aim is to coax the bad guy into going further into his attack. Based on the answers to my SO question, I am looking at using VMs for running the PHP Sandbox. The honeypot itself consists of Python code and will be running in a Linux environment (preferably Ubuntu-like). These are some of the requirements: The VM should be a light weight as possible. We are going to distribute the code around and many people are going to use the VM along with the Python based honeypot. So, the installation and configuration should not be too difficult. The guest system would also be Linux as we are going to distribute the VM image around. It should be possible for the Python code outside to talk to the guest system. It would be passing on the PHP file to the guest system and will get the output result from it. It should be possible to automate the initial configuration of the VM (such as allocation of RAM etc.) I would like to randomize these settings in order to make the sandbox less 'fingerprintable' I have looked at OpenVZ and KVM so far. Are there any other VMs that I might look at? What do you recommend?

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  • Xen dom0 reports incorrect amount of RAM with dom0_mem set

    - by xen_amnesiac
    I've done a fair bit of searching about this, but have found nothing that answers my question. I have a system with 6GB of RAM which acts as a Xen server. For reference, it runs Ubuntu 12.04. I've set the kernel parameter dom0_mem:512M,max:512M in /etc/default/grub as follows: GRUB_CMDLINE_XEN_DEFAULT="dom0_mem=min:512M,max:512M" I've tried variations of that, with the same result. My question is this: With the above set, the dom0 reports in all applications a RAM amount of 422M. cat /proc/meminfo gives the following: $ cat /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 432472 kB MemFree: 54144 kB Buffers: 17640 kB Cached: 220104 kB SwapCached: 30172 kB Active: 136500 kB Inactive: 167780 kB Active(anon): 6156 kB Inactive(anon): 60516 kB Active(file): 130344 kB Inactive(file): 107264 kB Unevictable: 52 kB Mlocked: 52 kB SwapTotal: 1794044 kB SwapFree: 1682012 kB Dirty: 0 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 39572 kB Mapped: 8048 kB Shmem: 136 kB Slab: 44324 kB SReclaimable: 22012 kB SUnreclaim: 22312 kB KernelStack: 1280 kB PageTables: 3840 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB WritebackTmp: 0 kB CommitLimit: 2010280 kB Committed_AS: 329192 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 313988 kB VmallocChunk: 34359417340 kB HardwareCorrupted: 0 kB AnonHugePages: 0 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB DirectMap4k: 524696 kB DirectMap2M: 0 kB top, htop, free -m, and byobu's RAM monitor all report the same amount. At first I thought this was because of the onboard graphics borrowing some memory, but have now switched to a dedicated GPU and it persists. Is this normal behavior, or has something gone amiss? It's just about 100MB of RAM that's "gone", and I have no idea where it went. I understand that it's normal that not all RAM is available for allocation, but does the system really take an amount relatively high to the amount of RAM available?

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  • Initial Cisco ASA 5510 Config

    - by Brendan ODonnell
    Fair warning, I'm a but of a noob so please bear with me. I'm trying to set up a new ASA 5510. I have a pretty simple set up with one /24 on the inside NATed to a DHCP address on the outside. Everything on the inside works and I can ping the outside interface from external devices. No matter what I do I can't get anything internal to route across the border to the outside and back. To try and eliminate ACL issues as a possibility I added permit any any rules to the incoming access lists on the inside and outside interfaces. I'd appreciate any help I can get. Here's the sh run. : Saved : ASA Version 8.4(3) ! hostname gateway domain-name xxx.local enable password xxx encrypted passwd xxx encrypted names ! interface Ethernet0/0 nameif outside security-level 0 ip address dhcp setroute ! interface Ethernet0/1 nameif inside security-level 100 ip address 10.x.x.x 255.255.255.0 ! interface Ethernet0/2 shutdown no nameif no security-level no ip address ! interface Ethernet0/3 shutdown no nameif no security-level no ip address ! interface Management0/0 nameif management security-level 100 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 management-only ! ftp mode passive dns domain-lookup inside dns server-group DefaultDNS name-server 10.x.x.x domain-name xxx.local same-security-traffic permit inter-interface same-security-traffic permit intra-interface object network inside-network subnet 10.x.x.x 255.255.255.0 object-group protocol TCPUDP protocol-object udp protocol-object tcp access-list outside_access_in extended permit ip any any access-list inside_access_in extended permit ip any any pager lines 24 logging enable logging buffered informational logging asdm informational mtu management 1500 mtu inside 1500 mtu outside 1500 no failover icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1 icmp permit any inside icmp permit any outside no asdm history enable arp timeout 14400 ! object network inside-network nat (any,outside) dynamic interface access-group inside_access_in in interface inside access-group outside_access_in in interface outside timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout pat-xlate 0:00:30 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02 timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00 timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00 timeout sip-provisional-media 0:02:00 uauth 0:05:00 absolute timeout tcp-proxy-reassembly 0:01:00 timeout floating-conn 0:00:00 dynamic-access-policy-record DfltAccessPolicy user-identity default-domain LOCAL aaa authentication ssh console LOCAL aaa authentication http console LOCAL http server enable http 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 management http 10.x.x.x 255.255.255.0 inside http authentication-certificate management http authentication-certificate inside no snmp-server location no snmp-server contact snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart warmstart telnet timeout 5 ssh 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 management ssh 10.x.x.x 255.255.255.0 inside ssh timeout 5 ssh version 2 console timeout 0 dhcp-client client-id interface outside dhcpd address 192.168.1.2-192.168.1.254 management dhcpd enable management ! threat-detection basic-threat threat-detection statistics access-list no threat-detection statistics tcp-intercept webvpn username xxx password xxx encrypted ! class-map inspection_default match default-inspection-traffic ! ! policy-map type inspect dns preset_dns_map parameters message-length maximum client auto message-length maximum 512 policy-map global_policy class inspection_default inspect dns preset_dns_map inspect ftp inspect h323 h225 inspect h323 ras inspect rsh inspect rtsp inspect esmtp inspect sqlnet inspect skinny inspect sunrpc inspect xdmcp inspect sip inspect netbios inspect tftp inspect ip-options inspect icmp ! service-policy global_policy global prompt hostname context no call-home reporting anonymous Cryptochecksum:fe19874e18fe7107948eb0ada6240bc2 : end no asdm history enable

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  • DHCP and DNS services configuration for VOIP system, windows domain, etc

    - by Stemen
    My company has numerous physical offices (for purposes of this discussion, 15 buildings). Some of them are well-connected to our primary data center via fiber. Others will be connected to the data center by P2P T1. We are in the beginning stages of implementing an Avaya VOIP telephone system, and we will be replacing a significant portion of our network infrastructure in the process. In tandem with the phone system implementation, we are going to be re-addressing some of our networks, and consolidating most of our Windows domains into one (not all domains, just most). We currently have quite a few Windows domains, and they of course each have their own DNS zones. A few of those networks currently use DHCP, but the majority use static IP assignments for every device. I'm tired of managing static assignments -- I want to use DHCP configuration on everything except servers. Printers and etc will have DHCP reservations. The new IP phones will need to get IP addresses from DHCP, though they need to be in a separate VLAN from the computers/printers/etc. The computers and printers need to be registered in DNS. That's currently handled by the Windows DHCP servers on each of the respective domains. We need to place a priority on DHCP and DNS being available on a per-site basis (in case something were to interrupt the WAN connection) for computers and (primarily) phones. Smaller locations (which will have IP phones but not be a member of any Windows domain) will not have any Windows DNS/DHCP server(s) available. We also are looking for the easiest way to replace a part if it were to fail. That is to say, if a server/appliance/router hosting DHCP were to crash hard, and we couldn't extremely quickly recover the DHCP reservations and leases (and subsequently restore them onto a cold spare), we anticipate that bad things could happen. What is the best idea for how to re-implement DNS and DHCP keeping all of the above in mind? Some thoughts that have been raised (by myself or my coworkers): Use Windows DNS and DHCP servers, where they exist, and use IP helpers to route DHCP requests to some other Windows server if necessary. May not be acceptable if the WAN goes down and clients don't get a DHCP response. Use Windows DNS (everywhere, over WAN in some cases) and a mix of Windows DHCP and DHCP provided by Cisco routers. Every site would be covered for DHCP, but from what I've read, Cisco routers can't handle dynamic registration of DHCP clients to Windows DNS servers, which might create a problem where Cisco routers are used for DHCP. Use Windows DNS (everywhere, over WAN in some cases) and a mix of Windows DHCP and DHCP provided by some service running on an extremely low-price linux server. Is there any such software that would allow DHCP leases granted by these linux boxes to be dynamically registered on the Windows DNS servers? Come up with a Linux solution for both DNS and DHCP, and deploy low-price linux servers to every site. Requirements would be that the DNS zone be multi-master (like Windows DNS integrated with Active Directory), that DHCP be able to make dynamic DNS registrations in that zone, for every lease (where a hostname is provided and is thus possible), and that multiple servers be either authoritative for the same DHCP scope or at least receiving a real-time copy / replication / sync of the leases table so that if one server dies, we still know which MAC has what address. Purchase dedicated DNS/DHCP appliances, deploying to all sites. From what I read/see, this solves all of our technical problems. Then come the financial problems... I don't have a ton of money to spend on this. Or, some other solution that we've thus far overlooked and will consider upon recommendation. Can Cisco routers or Windows servers sync DHCP lease tables so that multiple servers can be authoritative (or active/passive for all I care) for the same scope, in case one of the partners were to fail? I've read online (repeatedly) that ISC's DHCP is able to maintain the same lease table across multiple servers, in order to solve this problem. Does anyone have any experience or advice to regarding that?

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  • Cannot push to GitHub from Amazon EC2 Linux instance

    - by Eli
    Having the worst luck push files to a repo from EC2 to GitHub. I have my ssh key setup and added to Github. Here are the results of ssh -v [email protected] OpenSSH_5.3p1, OpenSSL 1.0.0g-fips 18 Jan 2012 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: Applying options for * debug1: Connecting to github.com [207.97.227.239] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: permanently_set_uid: 0/0 debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/identity type -1 debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_rsa type 1 debug1: identity file /root/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-5github2 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-5github2 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.3 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug1: Host 'github.com' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /root/.ssh/known_hosts:1 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/identity debug1: Offering public key: /root/.ssh/id_rsa debug1: Remote: Forced command: gerve eliperelman 81:5f:8a:b2:42:6d:4e:8c:2d:ba:9a:8a:2b:9e:1a:90 debug1: Remote: Port forwarding disabled. debug1: Remote: X11 forwarding disabled. debug1: Remote: Agent forwarding disabled. debug1: Remote: Pty allocation disabled. debug1: Server accepts key: pkalg ssh-rsa blen 277 debug1: Trying private key: /root/.ssh/id_dsa debug1: No more authentication methods to try. Permission denied (publickey).

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  • Can't get network bridging to work

    - by Antonis Christofides
    I'm trying to make network bridging to work on a Debian squeeze (I'm experimenting in order to make a QEMU/KVM virtual machine that will be visible to the outside network as if it were a distinct machine). The problem is that when I type brctl addif br0 eth0 then I lose connectivity to the network until I type brctl delif br0 eth0. More specifically, here's how my machine looks like before I do anything (essentially eth0 is listening on 147.102.160.153): root@laura:/home/anthony# ip addr show 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 8c:73:6e:db:1c:1b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 147.102.160.153/24 brd 147.102.160.255 scope global eth0 inet6 2001:648:2000:a0:8e73:6eff:fedb:1c1b/64 scope global dynamic valid_lft 2591848sec preferred_lft 604648sec inet6 fe80::8e73:6eff:fedb:1c1b/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 3: wlan0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state DOWN qlen 1000 link/ether 4c:ed:de:8e:44:d7 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 4: vboxnet0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000 link/ether 0a:00:27:00:00:00 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 5: pan0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN link/ether ee:7c:88:59:d0:e8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff Now let me add the bridge: root@laura:/home/anthony# brctl addbr br0 root@laura:/home/anthony# ip tuntap add dev tap0 mode tap root@laura:/home/anthony# ip link set tap0 up root@laura:/home/anthony# brctl addif br0 tap0 Until here everything continues to work normally. Finally, I try to add eth0 to the bridge: root@laura:/home/anthony# brctl addif br0 eth0 At this point, I no longer have a network connection. If I try to ping something, it tells "Destination Host Unreachable". The output of ip addr show seems normal: root@laura:/home/anthony# ip addr show 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether 8c:73:6e:db:1c:1b brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 147.102.160.153/24 brd 147.102.160.255 scope global eth0 inet6 2001:648:2000:a0:8e73:6eff:fedb:1c1b/64 scope global dynamic valid_lft 2591908sec preferred_lft 604708sec inet6 fe80::8e73:6eff:fedb:1c1b/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever [snip wlan0, vboxnet0 and pan0, which are down and irrelevant] 8: br0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN link/ether 16:30:f2:67:ab:75 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff 9: tap0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UNKNOWN qlen 500 link/ether 16:30:f2:67:ab:75 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet6 fe80::1430:f2ff:fe67:ab75/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever Also: root@laura:/home/anthony# route -n Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 147.102.160.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 1 0 0 eth0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1000 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 147.102.160.200 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 I can't understand what I'm doing wrong. I want the machine to continue to listen on 147.102.160.153 on eth0, and in addition to that I want to have a tap0 interface, bridged to eth0, that will be available to the guest machine so that the latter listens on another ip address (say 147.102.160.205). (If there's another way to achieve what I want, I'm also interested.)

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  • How to configure DNS Server on Fedora

    - by user863873
    I want to learn how to configure my home PC server into a web server with domain and host. My IP is 109.99.141.133 and now points to a phpinfo page host on my home server. My registed domain is: anunta-anunturi.ro I searched for a tutorial and I've read that I have to configure /etc/named.conf and the file sources for the new zone that I create. So, from the tutorials, my /etc/named.conf looks like this: // // named.conf // // Provided by Red Hat bind package to configure the ISC BIND named(8) DNS // server as a caching only nameserver (as a localhost DNS resolver only). // // See /usr/share/doc/bind*/sample/ for example named configuration files. // options { listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; }; listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; }; directory "/var/named"; dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"; statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"; memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt"; allow-query { localhost; }; recursion yes; dnssec-enable yes; dnssec-validation yes; dnssec-lookaside auto; /* Path to ISC DLV key */ bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key"; managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic"; }; logging { channel default_debug { file "data/named.run"; severity dynamic; }; }; zone "anunta-anunturi.ro" IN { type master; file "/etc/anunta-anunturi.db"; }; zone "." IN { type hint; file "named.ca"; }; include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones"; include "/etc/named.root.key"; My /etc/anunta-anunturi.db file looks like this — I'm not sure if this is okay, or if it's the easy one. $TTL 86400 anunta-anunturi.ro. IN SOA serveur.anunta-anunturi.ro. root.serveur.anunta-anunturi.ro. ( 1997022700 ; Serial 28800 ; Refresh 14400 ; Retry 3600000 ; Expire 86400 ) ; Minumun IN NS serveur.anunta-anunturi.ro. IN MX 10 mail.anunta-anunturi.ro. serveur.anunta-anunturi.ro. IN A 192.168.1.37 www.anunta-anunturi.ro. IN A 192.168.1.37 mail.anunta-anunturi.ro. IN A 192.168.1.37 Extra info: At home I receive internet from my ISP through a router. My home PC and server recieve their IP automatically from the router when I start/restart. In my local home network, my server receives the IP 192.168.1.37 from the router. When I enter 109.99.141.133 in my browser, it points to the rooter that forwards port 80 to local IP 192.168.1.37 (my home server) Questions: Are my two files good? What/where is my nameserver that I need to copy/paste to my top level domain (where I registered my domain: rotld.ro)?

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  • Fedora, ssh and sudo

    - by Ricky Robinson
    I have to run a script remotely on several Fedora machines through ssh. Since the script requires root priviliges, I do: $ ssh me@remost_host "sudo touch test_sudo" #just a simple example sudo: no tty present and no askpass program specified The remote machines are configured in such a way that the password for sudo is never asked for. For the above error, the most common fix is to allocate a pseudo-terminal with the -t option in ssh: $ ssh -t me@remost_host "sudo touch test_sudo" sudo: no tty present and no askpass program specified Let's try to force this allocation with -t -t: $ ssh -t -t me@remost_host "sudo touch test_sudo" sudo: no tty present and no askpass program specified Nope, it doesn't work. In /etc/sudoers of course I have this line: #Defaults requiretty ... but I can't manually change it on tens of remote machines. Am I missing something here? Is there an easy fix? EDIT: Here is the sudoers file of a host where ssh me@host "sudo stat ." works. Here is the sudoers file of a host where it doesn't work. EDIT 2: Running tty on a host where it works: $ ssh me@host_ok tty not a tty $ ssh -t me@host_ok tty /dev/pts/12 Connection to host_ok closed. $ ssh -t -t me@host_ok tty /dev/pts/12 Connection to host_ok closed. Now on a host where it doesn't work: $ ssh me@host_ko tty not a tty $ ssh -t me@host_ko tty not a tty Connection to host_ko closed. $ ssh -t -t me@host_ko tty not a tty Connection to host_ko closed.

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  • What configuration changes can I make to speed up extremely slow Windows VM's in ESXi 4.0.

    - by Shawn Anderson
    I've recently moved from VMWare Server to ESXi 4.0. Running on Dell T310. My VM's have been restored but they are running dog slow compared to VMWare Server. I loaded ESXi 4.0 using only default values. Where are some areas where I can tweak the performance? Even logging onto the VM's can be extremely sluggish. Trying to install software on any of them is a new experience in pain. Dell PowerEdge T310 Xeon X3460 2.80 GHz 32 GB RAM 1 HD (2 TB) I have 16 VM's on this server, but only six or so will be running during my testing. I keep an eye on the Resource Allocation and Performance tabs for the host and I never see CPU or RAM getting anywhere close to pegged. Events tab does show some notices for video RAM issues and some hints on Windows activation issues, but nothing that would point to the sort of sluggishness that I'm experiencing. 1 Windows Server 2008 R2 (64-bit) - 4 GB RAM 1 Windows 7 (32-bit) - 2 GB RAM 1 Vista (32-bit) - 1 GB RAM 3 XP (32-bit) - 1 GB RAM Over to you! Thanks - Shawn

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  • Tomcat web application intermittent freeze

    - by tinny
    I have a Grails web application (just a standard war file) deployed on a Ubuntu 10.10 server running on tomcat 6. My database is postgresql. The problem is that every so often (once or twice a day after inactivity) when I try to log into this web application it just freezes. I can navigate to the login page but when I try and login (first time the DB is hit, might be a clue..?) the application just freezes indefinitely, no 500 response code... the browser just waits and waits. I followed the instructions detailed here because the problem described sounded the same as mine. My GC logging showed no long running GC, all sub sec. When the application freezes a jmap heap output is... using parallel threads in the new generation. using thread-local object allocation. Concurrent Mark-Sweep GC Heap Configuration: MinHeapFreeRatio = 40 MaxHeapFreeRatio = 70 MaxHeapSize = 536870912 (512.0MB) NewSize = 21757952 (20.75MB) MaxNewSize = 87228416 (83.1875MB) OldSize = 65404928 (62.375MB) NewRatio = 7 SurvivorRatio = 8 PermSize = 21757952 (20.75MB) MaxPermSize = 85983232 (82.0MB) Heap Usage: New Generation (Eden + 1 Survivor Space): capacity = 19595264 (18.6875MB) used = 11411976 (10.883308410644531MB) free = 8183288 (7.804191589355469MB) 58.23843965562291% used Eden Space: capacity = 17432576 (16.625MB) used = 9249296 (8.820816040039062MB) free = 8183280 (7.8041839599609375MB) 53.05754009046053% used From Space: capacity = 2162688 (2.0625MB) used = 2162680 (2.0624923706054688MB) free = 8 (7.62939453125E-6MB) 99.99963008996212% used To Space: capacity = 2162688 (2.0625MB) used = 0 (0.0MB) free = 2162688 (2.0625MB) 0.0% used concurrent mark-sweep generation: capacity = 101556224 (96.8515625MB) used = 83906080 (80.01907348632812MB) free = 17650144 (16.832489013671875MB) 82.62032270912317% used Perm Generation: capacity = 85983232 (82.0MB) used = 62866832 (59.95448303222656MB) free = 23116400 (22.045516967773438MB) 73.1152232100324% used Anyone know what "From Space:" is? Any ideas on further fault finding ideas? I dont have much experience with this type of fault finding.

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  • Best practices for settings for Oracle database creation

    - by Gary
    When installing an Oracle Database, what non-default settings would you normally apply (or consider applying) ? I'm not after hardware dependent setting (eg memory allocation) or file locations, but more general items. Similarly anything that is a particular requirement for a specific application rather than generally applicable isn't really useful. Do you separate out code/API schemas (PL/SQL owners) from data schemes (table owners) ? Do you use default or non-default roles, and if the latter, do you password protect the role ? I'm also interested in whether there's any places where you do a REVOKE of a GRANT that is installed by default. That may be version dependent as 11g seems more locked down for its default install. These are ones I used in a recent setup. I'd like to know whether I missed anything or where you disagree (and why). Database Parameters Auditing (AUDIT_TRAIL to DB and AUDIT_SYS_OPERATIONS to YES) DB_BLOCK_CHECKSUM and DB_BLOCK_CHECKING (both to FULL) GLOBAL_NAMES to true OPEN_LINKS to 0 (did not expect them to be used in this environment) Character set - AL32UTF8 Profiles I created an amended password verify function that used the apex dictionary table (FLOWS_030000.wwv_flow_dictionary$) as an extra check to prevent simple passwords. Developer logins CREATE PROFILE profile_dev LIMIT FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS 8 PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME 32 PASSWORD_REUSE_TIME 366 PASSWORD_REUSE_MAX 12 PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME 6 PASSWORD_GRACE_TIME 8 PASSWORD_VERIFY_FUNCTION verify_function_11g SESSIONS_PER_USER unlimited CPU_PER_SESSION unlimited CPU_PER_CALL unlimited PRIVATE_SGA unlimited CONNECT_TIME 1080 IDLE_TIME 180 LOGICAL_READS_PER_SESSION unlimited LOGICAL_READS_PER_CALL unlimited; Application login CREATE PROFILE profile_app LIMIT FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS 3 PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME 999 PASSWORD_REUSE_TIME 999 PASSWORD_REUSE_MAX 1 PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME 999 PASSWORD_GRACE_TIME 999 PASSWORD_VERIFY_FUNCTION verify_function_11g SESSIONS_PER_USER unlimited CPU_PER_SESSION unlimited CPU_PER_CALL unlimited PRIVATE_SGA unlimited CONNECT_TIME unlimited IDLE_TIME unlimited LOGICAL_READS_PER_SESSION unlimited LOGICAL_READS_PER_CALL unlimited; Privileges for a standard schema owner account CREATE CLUSTER CREATE TYPE CREATE TABLE CREATE VIEW CREATE PROCEDURE CREATE JOB CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW CREATE SEQUENCE CREATE SYNONYM CREATE TRIGGER

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  • Raid-5 Performance per spindle scaling

    - by Bill N.
    So I am stuck in a corner, I have a storage project that is limited to 24 spindles, and requires heavy random Write (the corresponding read side is purely sequential). Needs every bit of space on my Drives, ~13TB total in a n-1 raid-5, and has to go fast, over 2GB/s sort of fast. The obvious answer is to use a Stripe/Concat (Raid-0/1), or better yet a raid-10 in place of the raid-5, but that is disallowed for reasons beyond my control. So I am here asking for help in getting a sub optimal configuration to be as good as it can be. The array built on direct attached SAS-2 10K rpm drives, backed by a ARECA 18xx series controller with 4GB of cache. 64k array stripes and an 4K stripe aligned XFS File system, with 24 Allocation groups (to avoid some of the penalty for being raid 5). The heart of my question is this: In the same setup with 6 spindles/AG's I see a near disk limited performance on the write, ~100MB/s per spindle, at 12 spindles I see that drop to ~80MB/s and at 24 ~60MB/s. I would expect that with a distributed parity and matched AG's, the performance should scale with the # of spindles, or be worse at small spindle counts, but this array is doing the opposite. What am I missing ? Should Raid-5 performance scale with # of spindles ? Many thanks for your answers and any ideas, input, or guidance. --Bill Edit: Improving RAID performance The other relevant thread I was able to find, discusses some of the same issues in the answers, though it still leaves me with out an answer on the performance scaling.

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  • Find out the type of an automounted device

    - by Steve Bennett
    I'm working on a system (Ubuntu Precise) with a mount defined in /etc/fstab as follows: /dev/vdb /mnt auto defaults,nobootwait,comment=cloudconfig 0 2 Originally I just wanted to find out if it's NFS (due to potential MySQL locking issues). Judging from man mount, it's not: If no -t option is given, or if the auto type is specified, mount will try to guess the desired type. Mount uses the blkid library for guessing the filesystem type; if that does not turn up anything that looks familiar, mount will try to read the file /etc/filesystems, or, if that does not exist, /proc/filesystems. All of the filesystem types listed there will be tried, except for those that are labeled "nodev" (e.g., devpts, proc and nfs). If /etc/filesystems ends in a line with a single * only, mount will read /proc/filesystems afterwards. But, out of curiosity now, how can I find out more about what type of device it actually is? (For context, this is a VM running on OpenStack. The device is a 60Gb allocation mounted from somewhere - but I don't know how.)` EDIT Including answers here: $ mount /dev/vdb on /mnt type ext3 (rw,_netdev) $ df -T /dev/vdb ext3 61927420 2936068 55845624 5% /mnt

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  • java max heap size, how much is too much

    - by brad
    I'm having issues with a JRuby (rails) app running in tomcat. Occasionally page requests can take up to a minute to return (even though the rails logs processed the request in seconds so it's obviously a tomcat issue). I'm wondering what settings are optimal for the java heap size. I know there's no definitive answer, but I thought maybe someone could comment on my setup. I'm on a small EC2 instance which has 1.7g ram. I have the following JAVA_OPTS: -Xmx1536m -Xms256m -XX:MaxPermSize=256m -XX:+CMSClassUnloadingEnabled My first thought is that Xmx is too high. If I only have 1.7gb and I allocated 1.5gb to java, i feel like I'll get a lot of paging. Typically my java process shows (in top) 1.1g res memory and 2g virtual. I also read somewhere that setting the Xms and Xmx to the same size will help as it eliminates time spend on memory allocation. I'm not a java person but I've been tasked with figuring out this problem and I'm trying to find out where to start. Any tips are greatly appreciated!! update I've started analyzing the garbage collection dumps using -XX:+PrintGCDetails When i notice these occasional long load times, the gc logs go nuts. the last one I did (which took 25s to complete) I had gc log lines such as: 1720.267: [GC 1720.267: [DefNew: 27712K->16K(31104K), 0.0068020 secs] 281792K->254096K(444112K), 0.0069440 secs] 1720.294: [GC 1720.294: [DefNew: 27728K->0K(31104K), 0.0343340 secs] 281808K->254080K(444112K), 0.0344910 secs] about 300 of them on a single request!!! Now, I don't totally understand why it's always GC'ng from ~28m down to 0 over and over.

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  • Emails sent to outlook.com not being delivered

    - by imukcedup
    I'm having an issue that is a little strange. I have a cPanel webserver that I own and have root. I was testing out emailing and noticed some issues. When I send an email to outlook.com address the email sends ok but nothing is recieved at the outlook mailbox. I also dont get an 'email delivery failure notification' in any mailbox. 2014-06-12 09:53:47 SMTP connection from [127.0.0.1]:45334 (TCP/IP connection count = 1) 2014-06-12 09:53:47 1Wv5Rr-0003rA-2K <= [email protected] H=localhost (ourdomain.com) [127.0.0.1]:45334 P=esmtpa A=dovecot_login:joe S=667 [email protected] T="This is a test message" for [email protected] 2014-06-12 09:53:47 SMTP connection from localhost (ourdomain.com) [127.0.0.1]:45334 closed by QUIT 2014-06-12 09:53:50 cwd=/var/spool/MailScanner/incoming/1029481 5 args: /usr/sbin/exim -C /etc/exim_outgoing.conf -Mc 1Wv5Rr-0003rA-2K 2014-06-12 09:53:50 1Wv5Rr-0003rA-2K SMTP connection outbound 1402581230 1Wv5Rr-0003rA-2K ourdomain.com [email protected] 2014-06-12 09:53:50 1Wv5Rr-0003rA-2K => Test Account <[email protected]> R=archive_outgoing_email T=archiver_outgoing 2014-06-12 09:53:52 1Wv5Rr-0003rA-2K => [email protected] R=dkim_lookuphost T=dkim_remote_smtp H=mx1.hotmail.com [65.54.188.110] X=UNKNOWN:AES128-SHA256:128 C="250 <[email protected]> Queued mail for delivery" 2014-06-12 09:53:52 1Wv5Rr-0003rA-2K Completed I have checked the outlook.com's spam folders and its not in there either. This is a new IP address allocation from our ISP and there was a block on gmail addresses, so we know it was used for spam. But with gmail we got a notifaction of failure and I know outlook/microsoft also send out notification. Does anyone know what could be happening here? Thanks

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  • Is Apache 2.2.22 able to sustain 1.000 simultaneous connected clients?

    - by Fnux
    For an article in a news paper, I'm benchmarking 5 different web servers (Apache2, Cherokee, Lighttpd, Monkey and Nginx). The tests made consist of measuring the execution times as well as different parameters such as the number of request served per second, the amount of RAM, the CPU used, during a growing load of simultaneous clients (from 1 to 1.000 with a step of 10) each client sending 1.000.000 requets of a small fixed file, then of a medium fixed file, then a small dynamic content (hello.php) and finally a complex dynamic content (the computation of the reimbursment of a loan). All the web servers are able to sustain such a load (up to 1.000 clients) but Apache2 which always stops to respond when the test reach 450 to 500 simultaneous clients. My configuration is : CPU: AMD FX 8150 8 cores @ 4.2 GHz RAM: 32 Gb. SSD: 2 x Crucial 240 Gb SATA6 OS: Ubuntu 12.04.3 64 bit WS: Apache 2.2.22 My Apache2 configuration is as follows: /etc/apache2/apache2.conf LockFile ${APACHE_LOCK_DIR}/accept.lock PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE} Timeout 30 KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests 1000000 KeepAliveTimeout 2 ServerName "fnux.net" <IfModule mpm_prefork_module> StartServers 16 MinSpareServers 16 MaxSpareServers 16 ServerLimit 2048 MaxClients 1024 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> User ${APACHE_RUN_USER} Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP} AccessFileName .htaccess <Files ~ "^\.ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy all </Files> DefaultType None HostnameLookups Off ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log LogLevel emerg Include mods-enabled/*.load Include mods-enabled/*.conf Include httpd.conf Include ports.conf LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent Include conf.d/ Include sites-enabled/ /etc/apache2/ports.conf NameVirtualHost *:8180 Listen 8180 <IfModule mod_ssl.c> Listen 443 </IfModule> <IfModule mod_gnutls.c> Listen 443 </IfModule> /etc/apache2/mods-available <IfModule mod_fastcgi.c> AddHandler php5-fcgi .php Action php5-fcgi /cgi-bin/php5.external <Location "/cgi-bin/php5.external"> Order Deny,Allow Deny from All Allow from env=REDIRECT_STATUS </Location> </IfModule> /etc/apache2/sites-available/default <VirtualHost *:8180> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www/apache2 <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log LogLevel emerg ##### CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> <IfModule mod_fastcgi.c> AddHandler php5-fcgi .php Action php5-fcgi /php5-fcgi Alias /php5-fcgi /usr/lib/cgi-bin/php5-fcgi FastCgiExternalServer /usr/lib/cgi-bin/php5-fcgi -host 127.0.0.1:9000 -pass-header Authorization </IfModule> </VirtualHost> /etc/security/limits.conf * soft nofile 1000000 * hard nofile 1000000 So, I would trully appreciate your advice to setup Apache2 to make it able to sustain 1.000 simultaneous clients, if this is even possible. TIA for your help. Cheers.

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  • dns server bind is not work

    - by milad
    I just installed bind on RHEL 6 and point a domain to that server. but actually when i ping domain it returns error 1214: Here is my named.conf: // // named.conf // // Provided by Red Hat bind package to configure the ISC BIND named(8) DNS // server as a caching only nameserver (as a localhost DNS resolver only). // // See /usr/share/doc/bind*/sample/ for example named configuration files. // options { listen-on port 53 { any; }; listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; }; directory "/var/named"; dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db"; statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt"; memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt"; allow-query { any; }; recursion yes; dnssec-enable yes; dnssec-validation yes; dnssec-lookaside auto; /* Path to ISC DLV key */ bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key"; managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic"; }; logging { channel default_debug { file "data/named.run"; severity dynamic; }; }; zone "." IN { type hint; file "named.ca"; }; include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones"; include "/etc/named.root.key"; zone "mydomain.com"{ type master; file "/var/named/data/named.mydomain.com"; allow-update { none; }; };` AND The content of "/var/named/data/named.mydomain.com": $TTL 38400 mydomain.com. IN SOA ns1.mydomain.com. milad.yahoo.com. ( 2012101201 ; serial number YYMMDDNN 28800 ; Refresh 7200 ; Retry 864000 ; Expire 38400 ; Min TTL ) mydomain.com. IN A 1.2.3.4 www IN A 1.2.3.4 ns1.mydomain.com. IN A 1.2.3.4 ns2.mydomain.com. IN A 1.2.3.4 mydomain.com. IN NS ns1.mydomain.com. mydomain.com. IN NS ns2.mydomain.com. AND i'm sure the named service is running: [root@server ~]# service named status version: 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.10.rc1.el6_3.3 CPUs found: 8 worker threads: 8 number of zones: 20 debug level: 0 xfers running: 0 xfers deferred: 0 soa queries in progress: 0 query logging is OFF recursive clients: 0/0/1000 tcp clients: 0/100 server is up and running named (pid 26299) is running... Thanks for your answers. i know that the ping is not the job of bind, i use it just to check whether domain is pointed to host or not.(ping is open in my server as i got reply in pinging ip) i use network-tools.com to ping domain. here the output of dig utility: dig mydomain.com ; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.10.rc1.el6_3.3 <<>> mydomain.com ;; global options: +cmd ;; Got answer: ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: SERVFAIL, id: 6806 ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0 ;; QUESTION SECTION: ;mydomain.com. IN A ;; Query time: 321 msec ;; SERVER: 5.6.7.8#53(5.6.7.8)##note that 5.6.7.8 is my idc dns ip ;; WHEN: Sun Oct 14 23:53:47 2012

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  • php-fpm + persistent sockets = 502 bad gateway

    - by leeoniya
    Put on your reading glasses - this will be a long-ish one. First, what I'm doing. I'm building a web-app interface for some particularly slow tcp devices. Opening a socket to them takes 200ms and an fwrite/fread cycle takes another 300ms. To reduce the need for both of these actions on each request, I'm opening a persistent tcp socket which reduces the response time by the aforementioned 200ms. I was hoping PHP-FPM would share the persistent connections between requests from different clients (and indeed it does!), but there are some issues which I havent been able to resolve after 2 days of interneting, reading logs and modifying settings. I have somewhat narrowed it down though. Setup: Ubuntu 13.04 x64 Server (fully updated) on Linode PHP 5.5.0-6~raring+1 (fpm-fcgi) nginx/1.5.2 Relevent config: nginx worker_processes 4; php-fpm/pool.d pm = dynamic pm.max_children = 2 pm.start_servers = 2 pm.min_spare_servers = 2 Let's go from coarse to fine detail of what happens. After a fresh start I have 4x nginx processes and 2x php5-fpm processes waiting to handle requests. Then I send requests every couple seconds to the script. The first take a while to open the socket connection and returns with the data in about 500ms, the second returns data in 300ms (yay it's re-using the socket), the third also succeeds in about 300ms, the fourth request = 502 Bad Gateway, same with the 5th. Sixth request once again returns data, except now it took 500ms again. The process repeats for several cycles after which every 4 requests result in 2x 502 Bad Gateways and 2x 500ms Data responses. If I double all the fpm pool values and have 4x php-fpm processes running, the cycles settles in with 4x successful 500ms responses followed by 4x Bad Gateway errors. If I don't use persistent sockets, this issue goes away but then every request is 500ms. What I suspect is happening is the persistent socket keeps each php-fpm process from idling and ties it up, so the next one gets chosen until none are left and as they error out, maybe they are restarted and become available on the next round-robin loop ut the socket dies with the process. I haven't yet checked the 'slowlog', but the nginx error log shows lots of this: *188 recv() failed (104: Connection reset by peer) while reading response header from upstream, client:... All the suggestions on the internet regarding fixing nginx/php-fpm/502 bad gateway relate to high load or fcgi_pass misconfiguration. This is not the case here. Increasing buffers/sizes, changing timeouts, switching from unix socket to tcp socket for fcgi_pass, upping connection limits on the system....none of this stuff applies here. I've had some other success with setting pm = ondemand rather than dynamic, but as soon as the initial fpm-process gets killed off after idling, the persistent socket is gone for all subsequent php-fpm spawns. For the php script, I'm using stream_socket_client() with a STREAM_CLIENT_PERSISTENT flag. A while/stream_select() loop to detect socket data and fread($sock, 4096) to grab the data. I don't call fclose() obviously. If anyone has some additional questions or advice on how to get a persistent socket without tying up the php-fpm processes beyond the request completion, or maybe some other things to try, I'd appreciate it. some useful links: Nginx + php-fpm - recv() error Nginx + php-fpm "504 Gateway Time-out" error with almost zero load (on a test-server) Nginx + PHP-FPM "error 104 Connection reset by peer" causes occasional duplicate posts http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/programming-9/php-pfsockopen-552084/ http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14268018/concurrent-use-of-a-persistent-php-socket http://devzone.zend.com/303/extension-writing-part-i-introduction-to-php-and-zend/#Heading3 http://stackoverflow.com/questions/242316/how-to-keep-a-php-stream-socket-alive http://php.net/manual/en/install.fpm.configuration.php https://www.google.com/search?q=recv%28%29+failed+%28104:+Connection+reset+by+peer%29+while+reading+response+header+from+upstream+%22502%22&ei=mC1XUrm7F4WQyAHbv4H4AQ&start=10&sa=N&biw=1920&bih=953&dpr=1

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  • Virtual Fileserver

    - by Sergei
    Hi, We are planning to move our production servers to the datacenter and virtualize remaining servers in the process.Datacenter will have HP blades with vSphere on top.Currentliy we are using Celerra NS20 as fileserver.Since datacenter is using HP kit and EVA 4400 as SAN, we cannot have Celerra there, as EMC supoprt for Celerra does not work for non EMC array. I have searched for possible options and one of them was to have HP NAS blade X3800sb instead of Celerra.However this seems like overkill for me.We are only using Celerra for about 100 users and 50 servers and I think having X3800sb could be waste of resources. The other option would be to have a virtual fileserver as a part of vmware environment in datacenter.We only need CIFS to be provided.The only option I can think of is Windows Storage server.We had a bad expirience with Windows servers used as fileservers ( memory leaks one thing) in the past and this was one of the reasons we moved to Celerra. What are the other options?We need something as reliable as Celerra with as many options as possible.For example , Celerra has per folder quotas, deduplication, dynamic volume allocation, automatic failover, VTLU, replication. Also we would need to replicate NAS data to the failover site.We could use block level replication , SAN-to-SAN, but this would mean wasted bandwidth, as we need only subset of folders to be replicated.We used CA XSoft for windows servers in the past and Celerra has option for Celerra replication. Thank you very much in advance, Please ask me if I missed any details!

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  • Windows, why 8 GB of RAM feel like a few MB?

    - by Desmond Hume
    I'm on Windows 7 x64 with 4-core Intel i7 and 8 GB of RAM, but lately it feels like my computer's "RAM" is located solely on the hard drive. Here is what the task manager shows: The total amount of memory used by the processes in the list is just about 1 GB. And what is happening on my computer for a few days now is that one program (Cataloger.exe) is continually processing large quantities of (rather big) files, repeatedly opening and reading them for the purposes of cataloging. But it doesn't grow too much in memory and stays about that size, about 90 MB. However, the amount of data it processes in, say, 30 minutes can be measured in gigabytes. So my guess was that Windows file caching has something to do with it. And after some research on the topic, I came across this program, called RamMap, that displays detailed info on a computer's RAM. Here is the screenshot: So to me it looks like Windows keeps in RAM huge amounts of data that is no longer needed, redirecting any RAM allocation requests to the pagefile on the hard drive. Even when I close Cataloger.exe, the RamMap reports the size of the mapped file as about the same for a long time on. And it's not just this particular program. Earlier I noticed that similar slowdown occurred after some massive file operations with other programs. So it's really not an exception. Whatever it is, it slows down the computer by like 50 times. Opening a new tab in Chrome takes 20-30 seconds, opening a new program can take up to a minute. Due to the slowdown, some programs even crash. So what do you think, is the problem hiding in file caching or somewhere else? How do I solve it?

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  • FastGate A20 Line And Himem.sys Issue With Updating BIOS

    - by Boris_yo
    I have been persistent with a thought to perform my first BIOS update ever through MS-DOS but have been postponing this task until today. Despite people telling me any bootable ISO will do it either through CD-ROM or RAMDRIVE, I am still having problems. First is the problem with CD-ROM driver trying to make it work with 4 driver files (cd1.SYS, cd2.SYS, cd3.SYS, cd4.SYS) as well as starting RAMDISK proved to be failure: CD-ROM XMS Allocation Error RAMDISK XMS Allocaton Error (X: and R: drives not working) This A20 line seemed to be the obstacle which then after a couple of searches pointed me to this article on Microsoft website. It seems that FastGate is the culprit which takes over A20 line and conflicts with himem.sys which should be handling it causing the driver to be unable to allocate memory resources. Albeit article suggests 2 workarounds which is disabling FastGate option or adding switch, I read that the former workaround could cause problems which involves later tinkering BIOS, disabling shadow copy etc. while the latter workaround can just hang system as stated in the link above. I assume it just hangs the boot process from image file though. Summing up the above, I am cautious and think it is risky to follow both workarounds because disabling FastGate or trying adding switch by trying available switches from 1-14 or 16, could crash the BIOS update process by itself. I could do this without the need for himem.sys with bootable USB thumbdrive by making it to be seen as USB-HDD, but some time ago I read that it is never a good idea to update BIOS from hard drive so even thought it is simulation, who knows... Maybe it will deactivate hard drive in the middle of the BIOS update process or even USB thumbdrive per se? One forum discussion was about updating BIOS and somebody suggested to not load himem.sys for some reason, but now that I think of it, what if BIOS update needs upper memory?

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