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• Thoughts on GoGrid vs EC2

  - by Jason

  I am currently hosting my SaaS application at GoGrid (Microsoft stack). Here's what I have: Database Server - physical box, 12 GB RAM, 2 X Quad Core CPU (2.13 GHz Xeon E5506) 2 Web / App servers - cloud servers, 2 GB RAM, 2 VCPUs 300 GB monthly bandwidth I am paying around $900 / month for this. My web / app servers are busting at the seams and need to be upgraded to 4 GB of RAM. I also need a firewall, and GoGrid just added this service for an additional $200. After the upgrade, I will be paying around $1,400. I started looking at Amazon EC2, specifically this config: Database server - "High Memory Double Extra Large Instance" - 34 GB RAM, 13 EC2 compute units 2 Web / App servers - "Large Instance" - 7.5 GB RAM, 4 EC2 compute units If I go with 1 year reserved instances, my upfront cost would be $4,500 and my monthly would be $700. This comes to $1,075 / month when amortized. Amazon also includes a firewall for free. Here are my questions: Do any of you have experience running a database (especially SQL Server) on an EC2 instance? How did it perform compared to a dedicated machine? One of my major concerns is with disk I/O. Amazon's description of a compute unit is fairly vague. Any ideas on how the CPU performance on the database servers would compare? I am hoping that the Amazon solution will provide significantly better performance than my current or even improved GoGrid setup. Having a virtual database server would also be nice in terms of availability. Right now I would be in serious trouble if I had any hardware issues. Thanks for any insight...

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• Microsoft Training in .NET

  - by JD

  Hey guys, A quick question about training. My company are offering to put me through a 5 day course in .NET programming with C#, on the proviso that I work for them for a minimum 12 month period immediately after the training has been completed. IF I don't work for them for 12months I will be expected to pay them back teh cost of the training, minus the amount of months which I have stayed at the company (e.g. stay 6 months and only pay back half). The course will be $3,300 AUD - and will have no qualifications. I have been programming in C# for about 6 months, and in PHP for about 10 years - so I am getting the hang of .NET slowly but surely. Is it worth doing this? Or would I be best advised to learn from reading the MS books from Amazon for $40 and then sitting the 2 exams to get MS certified off my own back? The company are not willing to pay for my certification as well as 'they are not training me to get certified' and hence more employable... Thoughts? How do other companies deal with training? And stop people from taking off after becoming certified?

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• Scrum - Responding to traditional RFPs

  - by Todd Charron

  Hi all, I've seen many articles about how to put together Agile RFP's and negotiating agile contracts, but how about if you're responding to a more traditional RFP? Any advice on how to meet the requirements of the RFP while still presenting an agile approach? A lot of these traditional RFP's request specific technical implementations, timelines, and costs, while also requesting exact details about milestones and how the technical solutions will be implemented. While I'm sure in traditional waterfall it's normal to pretend that these things are facts, it seems wrong to commit to something like this if you're an agile organization just to get through the initial screening process. What methods have you used to respond to more traditional RFP's? Here's a sample one grabbed from google, http://www.investtoronto.ca/documents/rfp-web-development.pdf Particularly, "3. A detailed work plan outlining how they expect to achieve the four deliverables within the timeframe outlined. Plan for additional phases of development." and "8. The detailed cost structure, including per diem rates for team members, allocation of hours between team members, expenses and other out of pocket disbursements, and a total upset price."

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• Improving field get and set performance with ASM

  - by ng

  I would like to avoid reflection in an open source project I am developing. Here I have classes like the following. public class PurchaseOrder { @Property private Customer customer; @Property private String name; } I scan for the @Property annotation to determine what I can set and get from the PurchaseOrder reflectively. There are many such classes all using java.lang.reflect.Field.get() and java.lang.reflect.Field.set(). Ideally I would like to generate for each property an invoker like the following. public interface PropertyAccessor<S, V> { public void set(S source, V value); public V get(S source); } Now when I scan the class I can create a static inner class of PurchaseOrder like so. static class customer_Field implements PropertyAccessor<PurchaseOrder, Customer> { public void set(PurchaseOrder order, Customer customer) { order.customer = customer; } public Customer get(PurchaseOrder order) { return order.customer; } } With these I totally avoid the cost of reflection. I can now set and get from my instances with native performance. Can anyone tell me how I would do this. A code example would be great. I have searched the net for a good example but can find nothing like this. The ASM examples are pretty poor also. The key here is that I have an interface that I can pass around. So I can have various implementations, perhaps one with Java Reflection as a default, one with ASM, and maybe one with Javassist? Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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• Singleton Pattern combine with a Decorator

  - by Mike

  Attached is a classic Decorator pattern. My question is how would you modify the below code so that you can wrap zero or one of each topping on to the Pizza Right now I can have a Pepporini - Sausage -- Pepporini -- Pizza class driving the total cost up to $10, charging twice for Pepporini. I don't think I want to use the Chain of Responsibility pattern as order does not matter and not all toppings are used? Thank you namespace PizzaDecorator { public interface IPizza { double CalculateCost(); } public class Pizza: IPizza { public Pizza() { } public double CalculateCost() { return 8.00; } } public abstract class Topping : IPizza { protected IPizza _pizzaItem; public Topping(IPizza pizzaItem) { this._pizzaItem = pizzaItem; } public abstract double CalculateCost(); } public class Pepporini : Topping { public Pepporini(IPizza pizzaItem) : base(pizzaItem) { } public override double CalculateCost() { return this._pizzaItem.CalculateCost() + 0.50; } } public class Sausage : Topping { public Sausage(IPizza pizzaItem) : base(pizzaItem) { } public override double CalculateCost() { return this._pizzaItem.CalculateCost() + 1.00; } } public class Onions : Topping { public Onions(IPizza pizzaItem) : base(pizzaItem) { } public override double CalculateCost() { return this._pizzaItem.CalculateCost() + .25; } } }

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• How can I tackle 'profoundly found elsewhere' syndrome (inverse of NIH)?

  - by Alistair Knock

  How can I encourage colleagues to embrace small-scale innovation within our team(s), in order to get things done quicker and to encourage skills development? (the term 'profoundly found elsewhere' comes from Wikipedia, although it is scarcely used anywhere else apart from a reference to Proctor & Gamble) I've worked in both environments where there is a strong opposition to software which hasn't been developed in-house (usually because there's a large community of developers), and more recently (with far fewer central developers) where off-the-shelf products are far more favoured for the usual reasons: maintenance, total cost over product lifecycle, risk management and so on. I think the off the shelf argument works in the majority of cases for the majority of users, even though as a developer the product never quite does what I'd like it to do. However, in some cases there are clear gaps where the market isn't able to provide specifically what we would need, or at least it isn't able to without charging astronomical consultancy rates for a bespoke solution. These can be small web applications which provide a short-term solution to a particular need in one specific department, or could be larger developments that have the potential to serve a wider audience, both across the organisation and into external markets. The problem is that while development of these applications would be incredibly cheap in terms of developer hours, and delivered very quickly without the need for glacial consultation, the proposal usually falls flat because of risk: 'Who'll maintain the project tracker that hasn't had any maintenance for the past 7 years while you're on holiday for 2 weeks?' 'What if one of our systems changes and the connector breaks?' 'How can you guarantee it's secure/better/faster/cheaper/holier than Company X's?' With one developer behind these little projects, the answers are invariably: 'Nobody, but...' 'It will break, just like any other application would...' 'I, uh...' How can I better answer these questions and encourage people to take a little risk in order to stimulate creativity and fast-paced, short-lifecycle development instead of using that 6 months to consult about what tender process we might use?

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• How to choose light version of database system

  - by adopilot

  I am starting one POS (Point of sale) project. Targeting system is going to be written in C# .NET 2 WinForms and as main database server We are going to use MS-SQL Server. As we have a lot of POS devices in chain for one store I will love to have backend local data base system on each POS device. Scenario are following: When main server goes down!! POS application should continue working "off-line" with local database, until connection to main server come up again. Now I am in dilemma which local database is going to be most adoptable for me. Here is some notes for helping me point me in right direction: To be Light "My POS devices art usually old and suffering with performances" To be Free "I have a lot of devices and I do not wont additional cost beside main SQL serer" One day Ill love to try all that port on Mono and Linux OS. Here is what I've researched so far: Simple XML "Light but I am afraid of performance, My main table of items is average of 10K records" SQL-Express "I am afraid that my POS devices is poor with hardware for SQLExpress, and also hard to install on each device and configure" Less known Advantage Database Server have free distribution of offline ADT system. DBF with extended Library,"Respect for good old DBFs but that era is behind Me with clipper and DBFs" MS Access Sqlite "Mostly like for now, but I am afraid how it is going to pair with MS SQL do they have same Data types". I know that in this SO is a lot of subjective data, but at least can someone recommended some others lite database system, or things that I shod most take attention before I choice database.

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• What Javascript graphing package will let me plot points against a user-selected coordinate system?

  - by wes

  My customer has some specific requirements for a graph to show in our web app. We use HighCharts elsewhere in the app for more traditional graphing, but it doesn't seem to work for this situation. Their requirements: Allow the user to select a background image, set the scale and origin of the coordinate system. We'll graph our points against the user-defined coordinates. Points can be color coded Mouse-over boxes show more detail about the points Support for zooming and panning, scaling the background appropriately Less importantly: Support for drawing vectors off the points Some of this seems basic, but looking around at different graph packages, I was unable to find any with an example of this kind of usage. I've entertained the thought of just hacking it together in canvas myself, but I've never worked with canvas before so I don't think it would be cost effective. The basics of plotting points with a scaled coordinate system against an image background wouldn't be too hard, but the mouse-over details, zooming and panning sound much more daunting to me. More info: Right now we use jQuery, HighCharts, and ExtJS for our app. We tried flot in the past but switched to HighCharts after flot didn't meet our needs.

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• Performance impact when using XML columns in a table with MS SQL 2008

  - by Sam Dahan

  I am using a simple table with 6 columns, 3 of which are of XML type, not schema-constrained. When the table reaches a size around 120,000 or 150,000 rows, I see a dramatic performance cost in doing any query in the table. For comparison, I have another table, which grows in size at about the same rate, but only contain scalar types (int, datetime, a few float columns). That table performs perfectly fine even after 200,000 rows. And by the way, I am not using XQuery on the xml columns, i am only using regular SQL query statements. Some specifics: both tables contain a DateTime field called SampleTime. a statement like (it's in a stored procedure but I show you the actual statement) SELECT MAX(sampleTime) SampleTime FROM dbo.MyRecords WHERE PlacementID=@somenumber takes 0 seconds on the table without xml columns, and anything from 13 to 20 seconds on the table with XML columns. That depends on which drive I set my database on. At the moment it sits on a different spindle (not C:) and it takes 13 seconds. Has anyone seen this behavior before, or have any hint at what I am doing wrong? I tried this with SQL 2008 EXPRESS and the full-blown SQL Server 2008, that made no difference. Oh, one last detail: I am doing this from a C# application, .NET 3.5, using SqlConnection, SqlReader, etc.. I'd appreciate some insight into that, thanks! Sam

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• CM and Agile validation process of merging to the Trunk?

  - by LoneCM

  Hello All, We are a new Agile shop and we are encountering an issue that I hope others have seen. In our process, the Trunk is considered an integration branch; it does not have to be releasable, but it does have to be stable and functional for others to branch off of. We create Feature branches of the Trunk for new development. All work and testing occurs in these branches. An individual branch pulls up as needed to stay integrated with the Trunk as other features that are accepted and are committed. But now we have numerous feature branches. Each are focused, have a short life cycle, and are pushed to the trunk as they are completed, so we not debating the need for the branches and trying very much to be Agile. My issue comes in here: I require that the branches pull up from the Trunk at the end of their life cycle and complete the validation, regression testing and handle all configuration issues before pushing to the trunk. Once reintegrated into the Trunk, I ask for at least a build and an automated smoke test. However, I am now getting push back on the Trunk validation. The argument is that the developers can merge the code and not need the QA validation steps because they already complete the work in the feature branch. Therefore, the extra testing is not needed. I have attempted to remind management of the numerous times "brainless" merges have failed. Thier solution is to instead of build and regression testing to have the developer diff the Feature branch and the newly merged Trunk. That process in thier mind would replace the regression testing I asked for. So what do you require when you reintegrate back to the Trunk? What are the issues that we will encounter if we remove this step and replace with the diff? Is the cost of staying Agile the additional work of the intergration of the branches? Thanks for any input. LoneCM

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• ISO/IEC Website and Charging for C and C++ Standards

  - by Michael Aaron Safyan

  The ISO C Standard (ISO/IEC 9899) and the ISO C++ Standard (ISO/IEC 14882) are not published online; instead, one must purchase the PDF for each of those standards. I am wondering what the rationale is behind this... is it not detrimental to both the C and C++ programming languages that the authoritative specification for these languages is not made freely available and searchable online? Doesn't this encourage the use of possibly inaccurate, non-authoritative sources for information regarding these standards? While I understand that much time and effort has gone into developing the C and C++ standards, I am still somewhat puzzled by the choice to charge for the specification. The OpenGroup Base Specification, for example, is available for free online; they make money buy charging for certification. Does anyone know why the ISO standards committees don't make their revenue in certifying standards compliance, instead of charging for these documents? Also, does anyone know if the ISO standards committee's atrociously looking website is intentionally made to look that way? It's as if they don't want people visiting and buying the spec. One last thing... the C and C++ standards are generally described as "open standards"... while I realize that this means that anyone is permitted to implement the standard, should that definition of "open" be revised? Charging for the standard rather than making it openly available seems contrary to the spirit of openness. P.S. I do have a copy of the ISO/IEC 9899:1999 and ISO/IEC 14882:2003, so please no remarks about being cheap or anything... although if you are tempted to say such things, you might want to consider the high school, undergraduate, and graduate students who might not have all that much extra cash. Also, you might want to consider the fact that the ISO website is really sketchy and they don't even tell you the cost until you proceed to the checkout... doesn't really encourage one to go and get a copy, now does it?

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• Postgre database ignoring created index ?!

  - by drasto

  I have an Postgre database and a table called my_table. There are 4 columns in that table (id, column1, column2, column3). The id column is primary key, there are no other constrains or indexes on columns. The table has about 200000 rows. I want to print out all rows which has value of column column2 equal(case insensitive) to 'value12'. I use this: SELECT * FROM my_table WHERE column2 = lower('value12') here is the execution plan for this statement(result of set enable_seqscan=on; EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM my_table WHERE column2 = lower('value12')): Seq Scan on my_table (cost=0.00..4676.00 rows=10000 width=55) Filter: ((column2)::text = 'value12'::text) I consider this to be to slow so I create an index on column column2 for better prerformance of searches: CREATE INDEX my_index ON my_table (lower(column2)) Now I ran the same select: SELECT * FROM my_table WHERE column2 = lower('value12') and I expect it to be much faster because it can use index. However it is not faster, it is as slow as before. So I check the execution plan and it is the same as before(see above). So it still uses sequential scen and it ignores the index! Where is the problem ?

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• invasive vs non-invasive ref-counted pointers in C++

  - by anon

  For the past few years, I've generally accepted that if I am going to use ref-counted smart pointers invasive smart pointers is the way to go -- However, I'm starting to like non-invasive smart pointers due to the following: I only use smart pointers (so no Foo* lying around, only Ptr) I'm starting to build custom allocators for each class. (So Foo would overload operator new). Now, if Foo has a list of all Ptr (as it easily can with non-invasive smart pointers). Then, I can avoid memory fragmentation issues since class Foo move the objects around (and just update the corresponding Ptr). The only reason why this Foo moving objects around in non-invasive smart pointers being easier than invasive smart pointers is: In non-invasive smart pointers, there is only one pointer that points to each Foo. In invasive smart pointers, I have no idea how many objects point to each Foo. Now, the only cost of non-invasive smart pointers ... is the double indirection. [Perhaps this screws up the caches]. Does anyone have a good study of expensive this extra layer of indirection is?

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• Return unordered list from hierarchical sql data

  - by Milan

  I have table with pageId, parentPageId, title columns. Is there a way to return unordered nested list using asp.net, cte, stored procedure, UDF... anything? Table looks like this: PageID ParentId Title 1 null Home 2 null Products 3 null Services 4 2 Category 1 5 2 Category 2 6 5 Subcategory 1 7 5 SubCategory 2 8 6 Third Level Category 1 ... Result should look like this: Home Products Category 1 SubCategory 1 Third Level Category 1 SubCategory 2 Category 2 Services Ideally, list should contain <a> tags as well, but I hope I can add it myself if I find a way to create <ul> list. EDIT 1: I thought that already there is a solution for this, but it seems that there isn't. I wanted to keep it simple as possible and to escape using ASP.NET menu at any cost, because it uses tables by default. Then I have to use CSS Adapters etc. Even if I decide to go down the "ASP.NET menu" route I was able to find only this approach: http://aspalliance.com/822 which uses DataAdapter and DataSet :( Any more modern or efficient way?

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• Generating a field setter and getter with ASM

  - by ng

  I would like to avoid reflection in an open source project I am developing. Here I have classes like the following. public class PurchaseOrder { @Property private Customer customer; @Property private String name; } I scan for the @Property annotation to determine what I can set and get from the PurchaseOrder reflectively. There are many such classes all using java.lang.reflect.Field.get() and java.lang.reflect.Field.set(). Ideally I would like to generate for each property an invoker like the following. public interface PropertyAccessor<S, V> { public void set(S source, V value); public V get(S source); } Now when I scan the class I can create a static inner class of PurchaseOrder like so. static class customer_Field implements PropertyAccessor<PurchaseOrder, Customer> { public void set(PurchaseOrder order, Customer customer) { order.customer = customer; } public Customer get(PurchaseOrder order) { return order.customer; } } With these I totally avoid the cost of reflection. I can now set and get from my instances with native performance. Can anyone tell me how I would do this. A code example would be great. I have searched the net for a good example but can find nothing like this. The ASM examples are pretty poor also. The key here is that I have an interface that I can pass around. So I can have various implementations, perhaps one with Java Reflection as a default, one with ASM, and maybe one with Javassist? Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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• BCrypt says long, similar passwords are equivalent - problem with me, the gem, or the field of crypt

  - by PreciousBodilyFluids

  I've been experimenting with BCrypt, and found the following. If it matters, I'm running ruby 1.9.2dev (2010-04-30 trunk 27557) [i686-linux] require 'bcrypt' # bcrypt-ruby gem, version 2.1.2 @long_string_1 = 'f287ed6548e91475d06688b481ae8612fa060b2d402fdde8f79b7d0181d6a27d8feede46b833ecd9633b10824259ebac13b077efb7c24563fce0000670834215' @long_string_2 = 'f6ebeea9b99bcae4340670360674482773a12fd5ef5e94c7db0a42800813d2587063b70660294736fded10217d80ce7d3b27c568a1237e2ca1fecbf40be5eab8' def salted(string) @long_string_1 + string + @long_string_2 end encrypted_password = BCrypt::Password.create(salted('password'), :cost => 10) puts encrypted_password #=> $2a$10$kNMF/ku6VEAfLFEZKJ.ZC.zcMYUzvOQ6Dzi6ZX1UIVPUh5zr53yEu password = BCrypt::Password.new(encrypted_password) puts password.is_password?(salted('password')) #=> true puts password.is_password?(salted('passward')) #=> true puts password.is_password?(salted('75747373')) #=> true puts password.is_password?(salted('passwor')) #=> false At first I thought that once the passwords got to a certain length, the dissimilarities would just be lost in all the hashing, and only if they were very dissimilar (i.e. a different length) would they be recognized as different. That didn't seem very plausible to me, from what I know of hash functions, but I didn't see a better explanation. Then, I tried shortening each of the long_strings to see where BCrypt would start being able to tell them apart, and I found that if I shortened each of the long strings to 100 characters or so, the final attempt ('passwor') would start returning true as well. So now I don't know what to think. What's the explanation for this?

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• Visual studio erroneous errors when building a website?

  - by Curtis White

  Visual Studio 2008 shows a lot of erroneous errors when building a website (not a web project) in the errors list. These errors are usually corrected (removed) when I rebuild the site a couple times but they cost me wasted time. Is there anyway to hide the erroneous errors? Update: I've decided to look into this to see if I could reproduce it. This is the exact behavior I am seeing, using the website model, I type some invalid syntax on a page. The errors list fills up with errors. I correct the error and the errors list does not update. I build the project and the errors list still shows the errors but the build shows as build completed. I build the project a second time and the errors list is cleared. My question is there anyway to make the errors list clear on the first build? I thought it might have something to do with page build vs website build but it seems to make no difference. I am not using any third party dlls on this website.

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• architecture and tools for a remote control application?

  - by slothbear

  I'm working on the design of a remote control application. From my iPhone or a web browser, I'll send a few commands. Soon my home computer will perform the commands and send back results. I know there are remote desktop apps, but I want something programmable, something simpler, and something that I wrote. My current direction is to use Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS) as the message bus. The iPhone places some messages in a queue. My local Java/JRuby program notices the messages on the queue, performs the work and sends back status via a different queue. This will be a very low-volume application. At $1.00 for a million requests (plus a handful of data transfer charges), Amazon SQS looks a lot more affordable than having my own server of any type. And super reliable, that's important for me too. Are there better/standard toolkits or architectures for this kind of remote control? Cost is not a big issue, but I prefer the tons I learn by doing it myself. I'm moderately concerned about security, but doubt it will be a problem. The list of commands recognized will be very short, and only recognized in specific contexts. No "erase hard drive" stuff. update: I'll probably distribute these programs to some other people who want the same function, but who don't have Amazon SQS accounts. For now, they'll use anonymous access to my queues, with random 80-character queue names.

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• How can a software agency deliver quality software/win projects?

  - by optician

  I currently work for a bespoke software agency. Does anyone have any experience of how to win well priced work? It seems there is so much competition from offshore/bedroom program teams, that cost is extremely competetive these days. I feel that it is very different compared to a software product company or an internal it department, in terms of budget. As someone else said before, we only ever really get to version 1.0 of a lot of our software, unless the client is big enough. In which case it doesn't make business sense to spend ages making the software the best we can. Its like we are doing the same quality of work of internal it. Also a Lot of our clients are not technically minded and so therefor will not pay for things they don't understand. As our company does not have the money to turn down work it often goes that we take on complicated work for far too little money. I have got a lot better at managing change and keeping tight specs etc. It is still hard.

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• How can I determine PerlLogHandler performance impact?

  - by Timmy

  I want to create a custom Apache2 log handler, and the template that is found on the apache site is: #file:MyApache2/LogPerUser.pm #--------------------------- package MyApache2::LogPerUser; use strict; use warnings; use Apache2::RequestRec (); use Apache2::Connection (); use Fcntl qw(:flock); use File::Spec::Functions qw(catfile); use Apache2::Const -compile => qw(OK DECLINED); sub handler { my $r = shift; my ($username) = $r->uri =~ m|^/~([^/]+)|; return Apache2::Const::DECLINED unless defined $username; my $entry = sprintf qq(%s [%s] "%s" %d %d\n), $r->connection->remote_ip, scalar(localtime), $r->uri, $r->status, $r->bytes_sent; my $log_path = catfile Apache2::ServerUtil::server_root, "logs", "$username.log"; open my $fh, ">>$log_path" or die "can't open $log_path: $!"; flock $fh, LOCK_EX; print $fh $entry; close $fh; return Apache2::Const::OK; } 1; What is the performance cost of the flocks? Is this logging process done in parallel, or in serial with the HTTP request? In parallel the performance would not matter as much, but I wouldn't want the user to wait another split second to add something like this.

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• Interchange structured data between Haskell and C

  - by Eonil

  First, I'm a Haskell beginner. I'm planning integrating Haskell into C for realtime game. Haskell does logic, C does rendering. To do this, I have to pass huge complexly structured data (game state) from/to each other for each tick (at least 30 times per second). So the passing data should be lightweight. This state data may laid on sequential space on memory. Both of Haskell and C parts should access every area of the states freely. In best case, the cost of passing data can be copying a pointer to a memory. In worst case, copying whole data with conversion. I'm reading Haskell's FFI(http://www.haskell.org/haskellwiki/FFICookBook#Working_with_structs) The Haskell code look specifying memory layout explicitly. I have a few questions. Can Haskell specify memory layout explicitly? (to be matched exactly with C struct) Is this real memory layout? Or any kind of conversion required? (performance penalty) If Q#2 is true, Any performance penalty when the memory layout specified explicitly? What's the syntax #{alignment foo}? Where can I find the document about this? If I want to pass huge data with best performance, how should I do that? *PS Explicit memory layout feature which I said is just C#'s [StructLayout] attribute. Which is specifying in-memory position and size explicitly. http://www.developerfusion.com/article/84519/mastering-structs-in-c/ I'm not sure Haskell has matching linguistic construct matching with fields of C struct.

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• C++: is it safe to work with std::vectors as if they were arrays?

  - by peoro

  I need to have a fixed-size array of elements and to call on them functions that require to know about how they're placed in memory, in particular: functions like glVertexPointer, that needs to know where the vertices are, how distant they are one from the other and so on. In my case vertices would be members of the elements to store. to get the index of an element within this array, I'd prefer to avoid having an index field within my elements, but would rather play with pointers arithmetic (ie: index of Element *x will be x - & array[0]) -- btw, this sounds dirty to me: is it good practice or should I do something else? Is it safe to use std::vector for this? Something makes me think that an std::array would be more appropriate but: Constructor and destructor for my structure will be rarely called: I don't mind about such overhead. I'm going to set the std::vector capacity to size I need (the size that would use for an std::array, thus won't take any overhead due to sporadic reallocation. I don't mind a little space overhead for std::vector's internal structure. I could use the ability to resize the vector (or better: to have a size chosen during setup), and I think there's no way to do this with std::array, since its size is a template parameter (that's too bad: I could do that even with an old C-like array, just dynamically allocating it on the heap). If std::vector is fine for my purpose I'd like to know into details if it will have some runtime overhead with respect to std::array (or to a plain C array): I know that it'll call the default constructor for any element once I increase its size (but I guess this won't cost anything if my data has got an empty default constructor?), same for destructor. Anything else?

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• How to get nested chain of objects in Linq and MVC2 application?

  - by Anders Svensson

  I am getting all confused about how to solve this problem in Linq. I have a working solution, but the code to do it is way too complicated and circular I think: I have a timesheet application in MVC 2. I want to query the database that has the following tables (simplified): Project Task TimeSegment The relationships are as follows: A project can have many tasks and a task can have many timesegments. I need to be able to query this in different ways. An example is this: A View is a report that will show a list of projects in a table. Each project's tasks will be listed followed by a Sum of the number of hours worked on that task. The timesegment object is what holds the hours. Here's the View: <%@ Page Title="" Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Views/Shared/Report.Master" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewPage<Tidrapportering.ViewModels.MonthlyReportViewModel>" %> <asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="TitleContent" runat="server"> Månadsrapport </asp:Content> <asp:Content ID="Content2" ContentPlaceHolderID="MainContent" runat="server"> <h1> Månadsrapport</h1> <div style="margin-top: 20px;"> <span style="font-weight: bold">Kund: </span> <%: Model.Customer.CustomerName %> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 20px"> <span style="font-weight: bold">Period: </span> <%: Model.StartDate %> - <%: Model.EndDate %> </div> <div style="margin-bottom: 20px"> <span style="font-weight: bold">Underlag för: </span> <%: Model.Employee %> </div> <table class="mainTable"> <tr> <th style="width: 25%"> Projekt </th> <th> Specifikation </th> </tr> <% foreach (var project in Model.Projects) { %> <tr> <td style="vertical-align: top; padding-top: 10pt; width: 25%"> <%:project.ProjectName %> </td> <td> <table class="detailsTable"> <tr> <th> Aktivitet </th> <th> Timmar </th> <th> Ex moms </th> </tr> <% foreach (var task in project.CurrentTasks) {%> <tr class="taskrow"> <td class="task" style="width: 40%"> <%: task.TaskName %> </td> <td style="width: 30%"> <%: task.TaskHours.ToString()%> </td> <td style="width: 30%"> <%: String.Format("{0:C}", task.Cost)%> </td> </tr> <% } %> </table> </td> </tr> <% } %> </table> <table class="summaryTable"> <tr> <td style="width: 25%"> </td> <td> <table style="width: 100%"> <tr> <td style="width: 40%"> Totalt: </td> <td style="width: 30%"> <%: Model.TotalHours.ToString() %> </td> <td style="width: 30%"> <%: String.Format("{0:C}", Model.TotalCost)%> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> </table> <div class="price"> <table> <tr> <td>Moms: </td> <td style="padding-left: 15px;"> <%: String.Format("{0:C}", Model.VAT)%> </td> </tr> <tr> <td>Att betala: </td> <td style="padding-left: 15px;"> <%: String.Format("{0:C}", Model.TotalCostAndVAT)%> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </asp:Content> Here's the action method: [HttpPost] public ActionResult MonthlyReports(FormCollection collection) { MonthlyReportViewModel vm = new MonthlyReportViewModel(); vm.StartDate = collection["StartDate"]; vm.EndDate = collection["EndDate"]; int customerId = Int32.Parse(collection["Customers"]); List<TimeSegment> allTimeSegments = GetTimeSegments(customerId, vm.StartDate, vm.EndDate); vm.Projects = GetProjects(allTimeSegments); vm.Employee = "Alla"; vm.Customer = _repository.GetCustomer(customerId); vm.TotalCost = vm.Projects.SelectMany(project => project.CurrentTasks).Sum(task => task.Cost); //Corresponds to above foreach vm.TotalHours = vm.Projects.SelectMany(project => project.CurrentTasks).Sum(task => task.TaskHours); vm.TotalCostAndVAT = vm.TotalCost * 1.25; vm.VAT = vm.TotalCost * 0.25; return View("MonthlyReport", vm); } And the "helper" methods: public List<TimeSegment> GetTimeSegments(int customerId, string startdate, string enddate) { var timeSegments = _repository.TimeSegments .Where(timeSegment => timeSegment.Customer.CustomerId == customerId) .Where(timeSegment => timeSegment.DateObject.Date >= DateTime.Parse(startdate) && timeSegment.DateObject.Date <= DateTime.Parse(enddate)); return timeSegments.ToList(); } public List<Project> GetProjects(List<TimeSegment> timeSegments) { var projectGroups = from timeSegment in timeSegments group timeSegment by timeSegment.Task into g group g by g.Key.Project into pg select new { Project = pg.Key, Tasks = pg.Key.Tasks }; List<Project> projectList = new List<Project>(); foreach (var group in projectGroups) { Project p = group.Project; foreach (var task in p.Tasks) { task.CurrentTimeSegments = timeSegments.Where(ts => ts.TaskId == task.TaskId).ToList(); p.CurrentTasks.Add(task); } projectList.Add(p); } return projectList; } Again, as I mentioned, this works, but of course is really complex and I get confused myself just looking at it even now that I'm coding it. I sense there must be a much easier way to achieve what I want. Basically you can tell from the View what I want to achieve: I want to get a collection of projects. Each project should have it's associated collection of tasks. And each task should have it's associated collection of timesegments for the specified date period. Note that the projects and tasks selected must also only be the projects and tasks that have the timesegments for this period. I don't want all projects and tasks that have no timesegments within this period. It seems the group by Linq query beginning the GetProjects() method sort of achieves this (if extended to have the conditions for date and so on), but I can't return this and pass it to the view, because it is an anonymous object. I also tried creating a specific type in such a query, but couldn't wrap my head around that either... I hope there is something I'm missing and there is some easier way to achieve this, because I need to be able to do several other different queries as well eventually. I also don't really like the way I solved it with the "CurrentTimeSegments" properties and so on. These properties don't really exist on the model objects in the first place, I added them in partial classes to have somewhere to put the filtered results for each part of the nested object chain... Any ideas?

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• Design: How to declare a specialized memory handler class

  - by Michael Dorgan

  On an embedded type system, I have created a Small Object Allocator that piggy backs on top of a standard memory allocation system. This allocator is a Boost::simple_segregated_storage< class and it does exactly what I need - O(1) alloc/dealloc time on small objects at the cost of a touch of internal fragmentation. My question is how best to declare it. Right now, it's scope static declared in our mem code module, which is probably fine, but it feels a bit exposed there and is also now linked to that module forever. Normally, I declare it as a monostate or a singleton, but this uses the dynamic memory allocator (where this is located.) Furthermore, our dynamic memory allocator is being initialized and used before static object initialization occurs on our system (as again, the memory manager is pretty much the most fundamental component of an engine.) To get around this catch 22, I added an extra 'if the small memory allocator exists' to see if the small object allocator exists yet. That if that now must be run on every small object allocation. In the scheme of things, this is nearly negligable, but it still bothers me. So the question is, is there a better way to declare this portion of the memory manager that helps decouple it from the memory module and perhaps not costing that extra isinitialized() if statement? If this method uses dynamic memory, please explain how to get around lack of initialization of the small object portion of the manager.

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• array of structures, or structure of arrays?

  - by Jason S

  Hmmm. I have a table which is an array of structures I need to store in Java. The naive don't-worry-about-memory approach says do this: public class Record { final private int field1; final private int field2; final private long field3; /* constructor & accessors here */ } List<Record> records = new ArrayList<Record>(); If I end up using a large number ( 106 ) of records, where individual records are accessed occasionally, one at a time, how would I figure out how the preceding approach (an ArrayList) would compare with an optimized approach for storage costs: public class OptimizedRecordStore { final private int[] field1; final private int[] field2; final private long[] field3; Record getRecord(int i) { return new Record(field1[i],field2[i],field3[i]); } /* constructor and other accessors & methods */ } edit: assume the # of records is something that is changed infrequently or never I'm probably not going to use the OptimizedRecordStore approach, but I want to understand the storage cost issue so I can make that decision with confidence. obviously if I add/change the # of records in the OptimizedRecordStore approach above, I either have to replace the whole object with a new one, or remove the "final" keyword. kd304 brings up a good point that was in the back of my mind. In other situations similar to this, I need column access on the records, e.g. if field1 and field2 are "time" and "position", and it's important for me to get those values as an array for use with MATLAB, so I can graph/analyze them efficiently.

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