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• Given a 2d array sorted in increasing order from left to right and top to bottom, what is the best w

  - by Phukab

  I was recently given this interview question and I'm curious what a good solution to it would be. Say I'm given a 2d array where all the numbers in the array are in increasing order from left to right and top to bottom. What is the best way to search and determine if a target number is in the array? Now, my first inclination is to utilize a binary search since my data is sorted. I can determine if a number is in a single row in O(log N) time. However, it is the 2 directions that throw me off. Another solution I could use, if I could be sure the matrix is n x n, is to start at the middle. If the middle value is less than my target, then I can be sure it is in the left square portion of the matrix from the middle. I then move diagnally and check again, reducing the size of the square that the target could potentially be in until I have honed in on the target number. Does anyone have any good ideas on solving this problem? Example array: Sorted left to right, top to bottom. 1 2 4 5 6 2 3 5 7 8 4 6 8 9 10 5 8 9 10 11

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• Data base design with Blob

  - by mmuthu

  Hi, I have a situation where i need to store the binary data into database as blob column. There are three different table exists in my database where in i need to store a blob data for each record. Not every record will have the blob data all the time. It is time and user based. The table one will have to store the *.doc files almost for all the record The table two will have to store the *.xml optionally. The table three will have to store images (not sure what is frequency, etc) Now my questions is whether it is a good idea to maintain a separate table to store the blob data pointing it to the respective table PK's (Yes, there will be no FK's and assuming program will maintain it). It will be some thing like below, BLOB|PK_ID|TABLE_NAME Alternatively, is it a good idea to keep the blob column in respective tables. As for as my application runtime is concerned, The table 2 will be read very frequently. Though the blob column will not be required. The table 2 record will gets deleted frequently. Similarly other blob data in respective table will not be accessed frequently. All of the blob content will be read on-demand basis. I'm thinking first approach will work better for me. What do you guys think? Btw, I'm using Oracle.

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• Fastest method to define whether a number is a triangular number

  - by psihodelia

  A triangular number is the sum of the n natural numbers from 1 to n. What is the fastest method to find whether a given positive integer number is a triangular one? I suppose, there must be a hidden pattern in a binary representation of such numbers (like if you need to find whether a number is even/odd you check its least significant bit). Here is a cut of the first 1200th up to 1300th triangular numbers, you can easily see a bit-pattern here (if not, try to zoom out): (720600, '10101111111011011000') (721801, '10110000001110001001') (723003, '10110000100000111011') (724206, '10110000110011101110') (725410, '10110001000110100010') (726615, '10110001011001010111') (727821, '10110001101100001101') (729028, '10110001111111000100') (730236, '10110010010001111100') (731445, '10110010100100110101') (732655, '10110010110111101111') (733866, '10110011001010101010') (735078, '10110011011101100110') (736291, '10110011110000100011') (737505, '10110100000011100001') (738720, '10110100010110100000') (739936, '10110100101001100000') (741153, '10110100111100100001') (742371, '10110101001111100011') (743590, '10110101100010100110') (744810, '10110101110101101010') (746031, '10110110001000101111') (747253, '10110110011011110101') (748476, '10110110101110111100') (749700, '10110111000010000100') (750925, '10110111010101001101') (752151, '10110111101000010111') (753378, '10110111111011100010') (754606, '10111000001110101110') (755835, '10111000100001111011') (757065, '10111000110101001001') (758296, '10111001001000011000') (759528, '10111001011011101000') (760761, '10111001101110111001') (761995, '10111010000010001011') (763230, '10111010010101011110') (764466, '10111010101000110010') (765703, '10111010111100000111') (766941, '10111011001111011101') (768180, '10111011100010110100') (769420, '10111011110110001100') (770661, '10111100001001100101') (771903, '10111100011100111111') (773146, '10111100110000011010') (774390, '10111101000011110110') (775635, '10111101010111010011') (776881, '10111101101010110001') (778128, '10111101111110010000') (779376, '10111110010001110000') (780625, '10111110100101010001') (781875, '10111110111000110011') (783126, '10111111001100010110') (784378, '10111111011111111010') (785631, '10111111110011011111') (786885, '11000000000111000101') (788140, '11000000011010101100') (789396, '11000000101110010100') (790653, '11000001000001111101') (791911, '11000001010101100111') (793170, '11000001101001010010') (794430, '11000001111100111110') (795691, '11000010010000101011') (796953, '11000010100100011001') (798216, '11000010111000001000') (799480, '11000011001011111000') (800745, '11000011011111101001') (802011, '11000011110011011011') (803278, '11000100000111001110') (804546, '11000100011011000010') (805815, '11000100101110110111') (807085, '11000101000010101101') (808356, '11000101010110100100') (809628, '11000101101010011100') (810901, '11000101111110010101') (812175, '11000110010010001111') (813450, '11000110100110001010') (814726, '11000110111010000110') (816003, '11000111001110000011') (817281, '11000111100010000001') (818560, '11000111110110000000') (819840, '11001000001010000000') (821121, '11001000011110000001') (822403, '11001000110010000011') (823686, '11001001000110000110') (824970, '11001001011010001010') (826255, '11001001101110001111') (827541, '11001010000010010101') (828828, '11001010010110011100') (830116, '11001010101010100100') (831405, '11001010111110101101') (832695, '11001011010010110111') (833986, '11001011100111000010') (835278, '11001011111011001110') (836571, '11001100001111011011') (837865, '11001100100011101001') (839160, '11001100110111111000') (840456, '11001101001100001000') (841753, '11001101100000011001') (843051, '11001101110100101011') (844350, '11001110001000111110') For example, can you also see a rotated normal distribution curve, represented by zeros between 807085 and 831405?

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• Passing huge amounts of data as an hexadecimal (0x123AB...) parameter of a clr stored procedure in s

  - by user193655

  I post this question has followup of This question, since the thread is not recieving more answers. I'm trying to understand if it is possible to pass as a parameter of a CLR stored procedure a large amount of data as "0x5352532F...". This is to avoid to send the data directly to the CLR stored procedure, instead of sending ti to a temporary DB field and from there passing it as varbinary(max) parmeter to the CLR stored procedure. I have a triple question: 1) is it possible, if yes how? Let's say i want to pass a pdf file to the CLR stored procedure (not the path, the full bits that make up the file). Something like: exec MyCLRStoredProcs.dbo.insertfile @file_remote_path ='c:\temp\test_file.txt' , @file_contents=0x4D5A90000300000004000.... --(this long list is the file content) where insertfile is a stored proc that writes to the server path (at file_remote_path) the binary data I pass as (file_contents). 2) is it there corruption risk of adopting this approach (or it is the same approach that sql server uses behind the scenes)? 3) how to convert the content of a file into the "0x23423..." hexadecimal representation

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• Why should I install Python packages into `~/.local`?

  - by Matthew Rankin

  Background I don't develop using OS X's system provided Python versions (on OS X 10.6 that's Python 2.5.4 and 2.6.1). I don't install anything in the site-packages directory for the OS provided versions of Python. (The only exception is Mercurial installed from a binary package, which installs two packages in the Python 2.6.1 site-packages directory.) I installed three versions of Python, all using the Mac OS X installer disk image: Python 2.6.6 Python 2.7 Python 3.1.2 I don't like polluting the site-packages directory for my Python installations. So I only install the following five base packages in the site-packages directory. For the actual method/commands used to install these, see SO Question 4324558. setuptools/ez_setup distribute pip virtualenv virtualenvwrapper All other packages are installed in virtualenvs. I am the only user of this MacBook. Questions Given the above background, why should I install the five base packages in ~/.local? Since I'm installing these base packages into the site-packages directories of Python distributions that I've installed, I'm isolated from the OS X's Python distributions. Using this method, should I be concerned about Glyph's comment that other things could potentially break (see his comment below)? Again, I'm only interested in where to install those five base packages. Related Questions/Info I'm asking because of Glyph's comment to my answer to SO question 4314376, which stated: NO. NEVER EVER do sudo python setup.py install whatever. Write a ~/.pydistutils.cfg that puts your pip installation into ~/.local or something. Especially files named ez_setup.py tend to suck down newer versions of things like setuptools and easy_install, which can potentially break other things on your operating system. Previously, I asked What's the proper way to install pip, virtualenv, and distribute for Python?. However, no one answered the "why" of using ~/.local.

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• How to approach socket programming between C# -> Java (Android)

  - by Alex

  I've recently knocked up a server/client app for Windows & Android that allows one to send a file from Windows to an android phone over a socket connection. It works great for a single file but trying to send multiple files over in a single stream is causing me problems. I've also realised that aside from the binary data, I will need to send messages over the socket to indicate error states and other application messages. I have little experience with network programming and and wondering what is the best way forward. Basically the C# server side of the app just goes into a listening state and uses Socket.SendFile to transmit the file. On Android I use the standard Java Socket.getInputStream() to receive the file. That works great for a single file transfer, but how should I handle multiple files and error/messaging information? Do I need to use a different socket for each file? Should I be using a higher level framework to handle this or can I send everything over the single socket? Any other suggestions for frameworks or learning materials?

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• How can I bind the second argument in a function but not the first (in an elegant way)?

  - by Frank Osterfeld

  Is there a way in Haskell to bind the second argument but not the first of a function without using lambda functions or defining another "local" function? Example. I have a binary function like: sub :: Int -> Int -> Int sub x y = x - y Now if I want to bind the first argument, I can do so easily using (sub someExpression): mapSubFrom5 x = map (sub 5) x *Main> mapSubFrom5 [1,2,3,4,5] [4,3,2,1,0] That works fine if I want to bind the first n arguments without "gap". If I want to bind the second argument but not the first, the two options I am aware of are more verbose: Either via another, local, function: mapSub5 x = map sub5 x where sub5 x = sub x 5 *Main> mapSub5 [1,2,3,4,5] [-4,-3,-2,-1,0] Or using lambda: mapSub5 x = map (\x -> sub x 5) x While both are working fine, I like the elegance of "sub 5" and wonder if there is a similarly elegant way to bind the n-th (n 1) argument of a function?

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• .Net file writing and string splitting issues

  - by sagar

  I have a requirement where the file should be split using a given character. Default splitting options are CRLF and LF In both these cases I am splitting the line by \r\n and \r respectively. Also I have requirement where any size of file should be processed. (Processing is basically inserting the given string in a file at given position). For this I am reading the file in chunk of 1024 bytes. Then I am applying the string.Split() method. Split() method gives options for ignoring white spaces and none. I have to add back these line break characters to the line. for this I am using a binary writer and I am writing the byte array to the new file. Issue:- 1) When line break is CRLF, and the split option is NONE, while spaces are also added in the splitted array. Second option is given (to ignore white spaces) CRLF works properly. 2)Bit ignoring white space option creates other problems, as I am reading the file byte by byte I can't ignore a white space. 3)When line break characters are other than default(e.g. '|', a null value is prepended to the resulting line. Can anybody give solution to my issues?

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• Assigning address to array from heap

  - by Schaltfehler

  I want to save the state of my structs as a binary file and load them again. My structs look like this: typedef struct { uint8_t pointerLength; uint8_t *pointer; uint8_t NumBla; uinT16 Bla[MAX_NUM_Bla]; ... } BAR_STRUCT, *BAR; typedef struct { int numBar; BAR bars[MAX_NUM_BAR]; } FOO_STRUCT, *FOO; Saving is no problem, but restoring the state. Iam at the point where the bytestring from the file is on the heap and a pointer is pointing to the first adress of this string. And I do as follows: const void* dataPointer //points to adress in heap unsigned char* bytePointer = (unsigned char*)dataPointer; FOO foo = (FOO_STRUCT*)bytePointer; bytePointer += sizeof(FOO_STRUCT); for (int i=0; i < MAX_NUM_BAR; i++) { foo->bars[i] = (BAR_STRUCT*)bytePointer; } The last assignment doesn't work and I get an EXC_BAD_ACCESS. Because bars is an array of pointers i need to correct the adresses of each element is pointing to. Because they are not valid anymore. So I try to assign the adress of the object I saved in the bytesteam to foo-bars[i]; But I can not change foo-bars[i] at all. Accessing works but but assigning a new adress doesn't. I wonder why.

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• Why is there a /etc/init.d/mysql file on this Slackware machine? How could it have gotten there?

  - by jasonspiro

  A client of my IT-consulting service owns a web-development shop. He's been having problems with a Slackware 12.0 server running MySQL 5.0.67. The machine was set up by the client's sysadmin, who left on bad terms. My client no longer employs a sysadmin. As far as I can tell, the only copy of MySQL that's installed is the one described in /var/log/packages/mysql-5.0.67-i486-1: PACKAGE NAME: mysql-5.0.67-i486-1 COMPRESSED PACKAGE SIZE: 16828 K UNCOMPRESSED PACKAGE SIZE: 33840 K PACKAGE LOCATION: /var/slapt-get/archives/./slackware/ap/mysql-5.0.67-i486-1.tgz PACKAGE DESCRIPTION: mysql: mysql (SQL-based relational database server) mysql: mysql: MySQL is a fast, multi-threaded, multi-user, and robust SQL mysql: (Structured Query Language) database server. It comes with a nice API mysql: which makes it easy to integrate into other applications. mysql: mysql: The home page for MySQL is http://www.mysql.com/ mysql: mysql: mysql: mysql: FILE LIST: ./ var/ var/lib/ var/lib/mysql/ var/run/ var/run/mysql/ install/ install/doinst.sh install/slack-desc usr/ usr/include/ usr/include/mysql/ usr/include/mysql/my_alloc.h usr/include/mysql/sql_common.h usr/include/mysql/my_dbug.h usr/include/mysql/errmsg.h usr/include/mysql/my_pthread.h usr/include/mysql/my_list.h usr/include/mysql/mysql.h usr/include/mysql/sslopt-vars.h usr/include/mysql/my_config.h usr/include/mysql/mysql_com.h usr/include/mysql/m_string.h usr/include/mysql/sslopt-case.h usr/include/mysql/my_xml.h usr/include/mysql/sql_state.h usr/include/mysql/my_global.h usr/include/mysql/my_sys.h usr/include/mysql/mysqld_ername.h usr/include/mysql/mysqld_error.h usr/include/mysql/sslopt-longopts.h usr/include/mysql/keycache.h usr/include/mysql/my_net.h usr/include/mysql/mysql_version.h usr/include/mysql/my_no_pthread.h usr/include/mysql/decimal.h usr/include/mysql/readline.h usr/include/mysql/my_attribute.h usr/include/mysql/typelib.h usr/include/mysql/my_dir.h usr/include/mysql/raid.h usr/include/mysql/m_ctype.h usr/include/mysql/mysql_embed.h usr/include/mysql/mysql_time.h usr/include/mysql/my_getopt.h usr/lib/ usr/lib/mysql/ usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.so.15.0.0 usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.la usr/lib/mysql/libmyisammrg.a usr/lib/mysql/libmystrings.a usr/lib/mysql/libmyisam.a usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.15.0.0 usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.a usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.a usr/lib/mysql/libheap.a usr/lib/mysql/libvio.a usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.la usr/lib/mysql/libmysys.a usr/lib/mysql/libdbug.a usr/bin/ usr/bin/comp_err usr/bin/my_print_defaults usr/bin/resolve_stack_dump usr/bin/msql2mysql usr/bin/mysqltestmanager-pwgen usr/bin/myisampack usr/bin/replace usr/bin/mysqld_multi usr/bin/mysqlaccess usr/bin/mysql_install_db usr/bin/innochecksum usr/bin/myisam_ftdump usr/bin/mysqlcheck usr/bin/mysqltest usr/bin/mysql_upgrade_shell usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation usr/bin/mysql_fix_extensions usr/bin/mysqld_safe usr/bin/mysql_explain_log usr/bin/mysqlimport usr/bin/myisamlog usr/bin/mysql_tzinfo_to_sql usr/bin/mysql_upgrade usr/bin/mysqltestmanager usr/bin/mysql_fix_privilege_tables usr/bin/mysql_find_rows usr/bin/mysql_convert_table_format usr/bin/mysqltestmanagerc usr/bin/mysqlhotcopy usr/bin/mysqldump usr/bin/mysqlshow usr/bin/mysqlbug usr/bin/mysql_config usr/bin/mysqldumpslow usr/bin/mysql_waitpid usr/bin/mysqlbinlog usr/bin/mysql_client_test usr/bin/perror usr/bin/mysql usr/bin/myisamchk usr/bin/mysql_setpermission usr/bin/mysqladmin usr/bin/mysql_zap usr/bin/mysql_tableinfo usr/bin/resolveip usr/share/ usr/share/mysql/ usr/share/mysql/errmsg.txt usr/share/mysql/swedish/ usr/share/mysql/swedish/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mysql_system_tables_data.sql usr/share/mysql/mysql.server usr/share/mysql/hungarian/ usr/share/mysql/hungarian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/norwegian/ usr/share/mysql/norwegian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/slovak/ usr/share/mysql/slovak/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/spanish/ usr/share/mysql/spanish/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/polish/ usr/share/mysql/polish/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/ukrainian/ usr/share/mysql/ukrainian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/danish/ usr/share/mysql/danish/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/romanian/ usr/share/mysql/romanian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/english/ usr/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/charsets/ usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin2.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/greek.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/koi8r.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin1.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp866.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/geostd8.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1250.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/koi8u.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp852.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/hebrew.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin7.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/README usr/share/mysql/charsets/ascii.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1251.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/macce.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin5.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/macroman.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1256.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/keybcs2.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/swe7.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/armscii8.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/dec8.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1257.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/hp8.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp850.xml usr/share/mysql/korean/ usr/share/mysql/korean/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/german/ usr/share/mysql/german/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mi_test_all.res usr/share/mysql/greek/ usr/share/mysql/greek/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/french/ usr/share/mysql/french/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mysql_fix_privilege_tables.sql usr/share/mysql/dutch/ usr/share/mysql/dutch/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/serbian/ usr/share/mysql/serbian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mysql_system_tables.sql usr/share/mysql/my-huge.cnf usr/share/mysql/portuguese/ usr/share/mysql/portuguese/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/japanese/ usr/share/mysql/japanese/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mysql_test_data_timezone.sql usr/share/mysql/russian/ usr/share/mysql/russian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/czech/ usr/share/mysql/czech/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/fill_help_tables.sql usr/share/mysql/estonian/ usr/share/mysql/estonian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf usr/share/mysql/norwegian-ny/ usr/share/mysql/norwegian-ny/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/my-small.cnf usr/share/mysql/mysql-log-rotate usr/share/mysql/italian/ usr/share/mysql/italian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/my-large.cnf usr/share/mysql/ndb-config-2-node.ini usr/share/mysql/binary-configure usr/share/mysql/mi_test_all usr/share/mysql/mysqld_multi.server usr/share/mysql/my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf usr/doc/ usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/ usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/README usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/Docs/ usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/Docs/INSTALL-BINARY usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/COPYING usr/info/ usr/info/mysql.info.gz usr/libexec/ usr/libexec/mysqld usr/libexec/mysqlmanager usr/man/ usr/man/man8/ usr/man/man8/mysqlmanager.8.gz usr/man/man8/mysqld.8.gz usr/man/man1/ usr/man/man1/mysql_zap.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_setpermission.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_tzinfo_to_sql.1.gz usr/man/man1/msql2mysql.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_tableinfo.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_explain_log.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlcheck.1.gz usr/man/man1/comp_err.1.gz usr/man/man1/my_print_defaults.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlbinlog.1.gz usr/man/man1/myisam_ftdump.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_upgrade.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_client_test.1.gz usr/man/man1/resolve_stack_dump.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_fix_extensions.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlmanagerc.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_config.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlshow.1.gz usr/man/man1/myisamlog.1.gz usr/man/man1/replace.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlmanager-pwgen.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqltest.1.gz usr/man/man1/innochecksum.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqladmin.1.gz usr/man/man1/perror.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_waitpid.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_convert_table_format.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlman.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlimport.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlbug.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_find_rows.1.gz usr/man/man1/myisampack.1.gz usr/man/man1/myisamchk.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_fix_privilege_tables.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql-stress-test.pl.1.gz usr/man/man1/resolveip.1.gz usr/man/man1/make_win_bin_dist.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlhotcopy.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqld_multi.1.gz usr/man/man1/safe_mysqld.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_secure_installation.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_install_db.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqldump.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql-test-run.pl.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqld_safe.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlaccess.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql.server.1.gz usr/man/man1/make_win_src_distribution.1.gz etc/ etc/rc.d/ etc/rc.d/rc.mysqld.new etc/my-huge.cnf etc/my-medium.cnf etc/my-small.cnf etc/my-large.cnf /etc/rc.d/rc.mysqld is an ordinary Slackware-type start/stop script: #!/bin/sh # Start/stop/restart mysqld. # # Copyright 2003 Patrick J. Volkerding, Concord, CA # Copyright 2003 Slackware Linux, Inc., Concord, CA # # This program comes with NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. # You may redistribute copies of this program under the terms of the # GNU General Public License. # To start MySQL automatically at boot, be sure this script is executable: # chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/rc.mysqld # Before you can run MySQL, you must have a database. To install an initial # database, do this as root: # # su - mysql # mysql_install_db # # Note that step one is becoming the mysql user. It's important to do this # before making any changes to the database, or mysqld won't be able to write # to it later (this can be fixed with 'chown -R mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysql'). # To allow outside connections to the database comment out the next line. # If you don't need incoming network connections, then leave the line # uncommented to improve system security. #SKIP="--skip-networking" # Start mysqld: mysqld_start() { if [ -x /usr/bin/mysqld_safe ]; then # If there is an old PID file (no mysqld running), clean it up: if [ -r /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid ]; then if ! ps axc | grep mysqld 1> /dev/null 2> /dev/null ; then echo "Cleaning up old /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid." rm -f /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid fi fi /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --pid-file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid $SKIP & fi } # Stop mysqld: mysqld_stop() { # If there is no PID file, ignore this request... if [ -r /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid ]; then killall mysqld # Wait at least one minute for it to exit, as we don't know how big the DB is... for second in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 \ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 60 ; do if [ ! -r /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid ]; then break; fi sleep 1 done if [ "$second" = "60" ]; then echo "WARNING: Gave up waiting for mysqld to exit!" sleep 15 fi fi } # Restart mysqld: mysqld_restart() { mysqld_stop mysqld_start } case "$1" in 'start') mysqld_start ;; 'stop') mysqld_stop ;; 'restart') mysqld_restart ;; *) echo "usage $0 start|stop|restart" esac But there's also an unexpected init script on the machine, named /etc/init.d/mysql: #!/bin/sh # Copyright Abandoned 1996 TCX DataKonsult AB & Monty Program KB & Detron HB # This file is public domain and comes with NO WARRANTY of any kind # MySQL daemon start/stop script. # Usually this is put in /etc/init.d (at least on machines SYSV R4 based # systems) and linked to /etc/rc3.d/S99mysql and /etc/rc0.d/K01mysql. # When this is done the mysql server will be started when the machine is # started and shut down when the systems goes down. # Comments to support chkconfig on RedHat Linux # chkconfig: 2345 64 36 # description: A very fast and reliable SQL database engine. # Comments to support LSB init script conventions ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: mysql # Required-Start: $local_fs $network $remote_fs # Should-Start: ypbind nscd ldap ntpd xntpd # Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $remote_fs # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: start and stop MySQL # Description: MySQL is a very fast and reliable SQL database engine. ### END INIT INFO # If you install MySQL on some other places than /usr, then you # have to do one of the following things for this script to work: # # - Run this script from within the MySQL installation directory # - Create a /etc/my.cnf file with the following information: # [mysqld] # basedir=<path-to-mysql-installation-directory> # - Add the above to any other configuration file (for example ~/.my.ini) # and copy my_print_defaults to /usr/bin # - Add the path to the mysql-installation-directory to the basedir variable # below. # # If you want to affect other MySQL variables, you should make your changes # in the /etc/my.cnf, ~/.my.cnf or other MySQL configuration files. # If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get # overwritten by settings in the MySQL configuration files. #basedir= #datadir= # Default value, in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting # for server start. # Value here is overriden by value in my.cnf. # 0 means don't wait at all # Negative numbers mean to wait indefinitely service_startup_timeout=900 # The following variables are only set for letting mysql.server find things. # Set some defaults pid_file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid server_pid_file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid use_mysqld_safe=1 user=mysql if test -z "$basedir" then basedir=/usr bindir=/usr/bin if test -z "$datadir" then datadir=/var/lib/mysql fi sbindir=/usr/sbin libexecdir=/usr/libexec else bindir="$basedir/bin" if test -z "$datadir" then datadir="$basedir/data" fi sbindir="$basedir/sbin" libexecdir="$basedir/libexec" fi # datadir_set is used to determine if datadir was set (and so should be # *not* set inside of the --basedir= handler.) datadir_set= # # Use LSB init script functions for printing messages, if possible # lsb_functions="/lib/lsb/init-functions" if test -f $lsb_functions ; then . $lsb_functions else log_success_msg() { echo " SUCCESS! $@" } log_failure_msg() { echo " ERROR! $@" } fi PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:$basedir/bin export PATH mode=$1 # start or stop shift other_args="$*" # uncommon, but needed when called from an RPM upgrade action # Expected: "--skip-networking --skip-grant-tables" # They are not checked here, intentionally, as it is the resposibility # of the "spec" file author to give correct arguments only. case `echo "testing\c"`,`echo -n testing` in *c*,-n*) echo_n= echo_c= ;; *c*,*) echo_n=-n echo_c= ;; *) echo_n= echo_c='\c' ;; esac parse_server_arguments() { for arg do case "$arg" in --basedir=*) basedir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` bindir="$basedir/bin" if test -z "$datadir_set"; then datadir="$basedir/data" fi sbindir="$basedir/sbin" libexecdir="$basedir/libexec" ;; --datadir=*) datadir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` datadir_set=1 ;; --user=*) user=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; --pid-file=*) server_pid_file=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; --service-startup-timeout=*) service_startup_timeout=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; --use-mysqld_safe) use_mysqld_safe=1;; --use-manager) use_mysqld_safe=0;; esac done } parse_manager_arguments() { for arg do case "$arg" in --pid-file=*) pid_file=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; --user=*) user=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; esac done } wait_for_pid () { verb="$1" manager_pid="$2" # process ID of the program operating on the pid-file i=0 avoid_race_condition="by checking again" while test $i -ne $service_startup_timeout ; do case "$verb" in 'created') # wait for a PID-file to pop into existence. test -s $pid_file && i='' && break ;; 'removed') # wait for this PID-file to disappear test ! -s $pid_file && i='' && break ;; *) echo "wait_for_pid () usage: wait_for_pid created|removed manager_pid" exit 1 ;; esac # if manager isn't running, then pid-file will never be updated if test -n "$manager_pid"; then if kill -0 "$manager_pid" 2>/dev/null; then : # the manager still runs else # The manager may have exited between the last pid-file check and now. if test -n "$avoid_race_condition"; then avoid_race_condition="" continue # Check again. fi # there's nothing that will affect the file. log_failure_msg "Manager of pid-file quit without updating file." return 1 # not waiting any more. fi fi echo $echo_n ".$echo_c" i=`expr $i + 1` sleep 1 done if test -z "$i" ; then log_success_msg return 0 else log_failure_msg return 1 fi } # Get arguments from the my.cnf file, # the only group, which is read from now on is [mysqld] if test -x ./bin/my_print_defaults then print_defaults="./bin/my_print_defaults" elif test -x $bindir/my_print_defaults then print_defaults="$bindir/my_print_defaults" elif test -x $bindir/mysql_print_defaults then print_defaults="$bindir/mysql_print_defaults" else # Try to find basedir in /etc/my.cnf conf=/etc/my.cnf print_defaults= if test -r $conf then subpat='^[^=]*basedir[^=]*=\(.*\)$' dirs=`sed -e "/$subpat/!d" -e 's//\1/' $conf` for d in $dirs do d=`echo $d | sed -e 's/[ ]//g'` if test -x "$d/bin/my_print_defaults" then print_defaults="$d/bin/my_print_defaults" break fi if test -x "$d/bin/mysql_print_defaults" then print_defaults="$d/bin/mysql_print_defaults" break fi done fi # Hope it's in the PATH ... but I doubt it test -z "$print_defaults" && print_defaults="my_print_defaults" fi # # Read defaults file from 'basedir'. If there is no defaults file there # check if it's in the old (depricated) place (datadir) and read it from there # extra_args="" if test -r "$basedir/my.cnf" then extra_args="-e $basedir/my.cnf" else if test -r "$datadir/my.cnf" then extra_args="-e $datadir/my.cnf" fi fi parse_server_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args mysqld server mysql_server mysql.server` # Look for the pidfile parse_manager_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args manager` # # Set pid file if not given # if test -z "$pid_file" then pid_file=$datadir/mysqlmanager-`/bin/hostname`.pid else case "$pid_file" in /* ) ;; * ) pid_file="$datadir/$pid_file" ;; esac fi if test -z "$server_pid_file" then server_pid_file=$datadir/`/bin/hostname`.pid else case "$server_pid_file" in /* ) ;; * ) server_pid_file="$datadir/$server_pid_file" ;; esac fi case "$mode" in 'start') # Start daemon # Safeguard (relative paths, core dumps..) cd $basedir manager=$bindir/mysqlmanager if test -x $libexecdir/mysqlmanager then manager=$libexecdir/mysqlmanager elif test -x $sbindir/mysqlmanager then manager=$sbindir/mysqlmanager fi echo $echo_n "Starting MySQL" if test -x $manager -a "$use_mysqld_safe" = "0" then if test -n "$other_args" then log_failure_msg "MySQL manager does not support options '$other_args'" exit 1 fi # Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script may # be overwritten at next upgrade. $manager --user=$user --pid-file=$pid_file >/dev/null 2>&1 & wait_for_pid created $!; return_value=$? # Make lock for RedHat / SuSE if test -w /var/lock/subsys then touch /var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager fi exit $return_value elif test -x $bindir/mysqld_safe then # Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script # may be overwritten at next upgrade. pid_file=$server_pid_file $bindir/mysqld_safe --datadir=$datadir --pid-file=$server_pid_file $other_args >/dev/null 2>&1 & wait_for_pid created $!; return_value=$? # Make lock for RedHat / SuSE if test -w /var/lock/subsys then touch /var/lock/subsys/mysql fi exit $return_value else log_failure_msg "Couldn't find MySQL manager ($manager) or server ($bindir/mysqld_safe)" fi ;; 'stop') # Stop daemon. We use a signal here to avoid having to know the # root password. # The RedHat / SuSE lock directory to remove lock_dir=/var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager # If the manager pid_file doesn't exist, try the server's if test ! -s "$pid_file" then pid_file=$server_pid_file lock_dir=/var/lock/subsys/mysql fi if test -s "$pid_file" then mysqlmanager_pid=`cat $pid_file` echo $echo_n "Shutting down MySQL" kill $mysqlmanager_pid # mysqlmanager should remove the pid_file when it exits, so wait for it. wait_for_pid removed "$mysqlmanager_pid"; return_value=$? # delete lock for RedHat / SuSE if test -f $lock_dir then rm -f $lock_dir fi exit $return_value else log_failure_msg "MySQL manager or server PID file could not be found!" fi ;; 'restart') # Stop the service and regardless of whether it was # running or not, start it again. if $0 stop $other_args; then $0 start $other_args else log_failure_msg "Failed to stop running server, so refusing to try to start." exit 1 fi ;; 'reload'|'force-reload') if test -s "$server_pid_file" ; then read mysqld_pid < $server_pid_file kill -HUP $mysqld_pid && log_success_msg "Reloading service MySQL" touch $server_pid_file else log_failure_msg "MySQL PID file could not be found!" exit 1 fi ;; 'status') # First, check to see if pid file exists if test -s "$server_pid_file" ; then read mysqld_pid < $server_pid_file if kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null ; then log_success_msg "MySQL running ($mysqld_pid)" exit 0 else log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but PID file exists" exit 1 fi else # Try to find appropriate mysqld process mysqld_pid=`pidof $sbindir/mysqld` if test -z $mysqld_pid ; then if test "$use_mysqld_safe" = "0" ; then lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager else lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/mysql fi if test -f $lockfile ; then log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but lock exists" exit 2 fi log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running" exit 3 else log_failure_msg "MySQL is running but PID file could not be found" exit 4 fi fi ;; *) # usage echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status} [ MySQL server options ]" exit 1 ;; esac exit 0 An unimportant aside: The previous users of the machine kept a messy home directory. Their home directory was /root. I've pasted a copy at http://www.pastebin.ca/2167496. My question: Why is there a /etc/init.d/mysql file on this Slackware machine? How could it have gotten there? P.S. This question is far from perfect. Please feel free to edit it.

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• Uwsgi starts from root but not as a service

  - by vittore

  I have nginx + uwsgi setup for flask website. thats my nginx server { listen 80; server_name _; location /static/ { alias /var/www/site/app/static/; } location / { uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:5080; include uwsgi_params; } } And here is my uwsgi config.xml <uwsgi> <socket>127.0.0.1:5080</socket> <autoload/> <daemonize>/var/log/uwsgi_webapp.log</daemonize> <pythonpath>/var/www/site/</pythonpath> <module>run:app</module> <plugins>python27</plugins> <virtualenv>/var/www/venv/</virtualenv> <processes>1</processes> <enable-threads/> <master /> <harakiri>60</harakiri> <max-requests>2000</max-requests> <limit-as>512</limit-as> <reload-on-as>256</reload-on-as> <reload-on-rss>192</reload-on-rss> <no-orphans/> <vacuum/> </uwsgi> When I trying to start uwsgi service (service uwsgi start) it says ok but there is no uwsgi process and I see the following in the log: *** Starting uWSGI 1.0.3-debian (64bit) on [Fri Oct 25 00:43:13 2013] *** compiled with version: 4.6.3 on 17 July 2012 02:26:54 current working directory: / writing pidfile to /run/uwsgi/app/gsk/pid detected binary path: /usr/bin/uwsgi-core setgid() to 33 setuid() to 33 limiting address space of processes... your process address space limit is 536870912 bytes (512 MB) your memory page size is 4096 bytes *** WARNING: you have enabled harakiri without post buffering. Slow upload could be rejected on post-unbuffered webservers *** uwsgi socket 0 bound to TCP address 127.0.0.1:5080 fd 6 bind(): Permission denied [socket.c line 107] However when I start uwsgi as a root uwsgi --socket 127.0.0.1:5080 --module run --callab app --harakiri 15 --harakiri-verbose --logto2 tmp/uwsgi.log It starts just fine and after restarting nginx I can access website. What can be an issue ?

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• IIS 7.5 FTPS external access - 534 Policy requires SSL

  - by markmnl

  I have setup a FTP site that requires SSL but when I try connect to it externally I get the error: 220 Microsoft FTP Service 534 Policy requires SSL. I know - I set it so! Why doesnt it fetch the SSL cert from the site and allow me to logon?! (Incidentally beware of all the tutorials that Allow but do not Require SSL - while that will solve the problem it will be because SSL is not being used!). I suspect it may be I need a client that supports FTPS (FTP over SSL) and Windows explorer just uses IE which does not. But trying FileZilla and WinSCP I get a little further but then it hangs on TLS/SSL negotiation expecting a response from the server.... UPDATE: I have tried (from: http://learn.iis.net/page.aspx/309/configuring-ftp-firewall-settings/): Configure the Passive Port Range for the FTP Service. Configure the external IPv4 Address for a Specific FTP Site. Configure the firewall to allow the FTP service to listen on all ports that it opens. Disabling stateful FTP filtering so that Windows Firewall will not block FTP traffic. And still I get (in FileZilla trying both Active and Passive): Status: Connecting to 203.x.x.x:21... Status: Connection established, waiting for welcome message... Response: 220 Microsoft FTP Service Command: AUTH TLS Response: 234 AUTH command ok. Expecting TLS Negotiation. Status: Initializing TLS... Error: Connection timed out Error: Could not connect to server The Windows firewall logs unhelpfully have nothing to say.. UPDATE2: Turning the firewall off does not resolve the problem. I cannot believe how difficult it is to get something so simple to work and even once following the documentation it does not work. UPDATE3: Running FileZilla locally connecting through the loopback works in Active mode, in Passive mode I get up to: Command: LIST Response: 150 Opening BINARY mode data connection. Error: GnuTLS error -53: Error in the push function. Turning the firewall off at both ends I can still not connect the client and get the same error as above.

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• VMware Workstation reboot 32-bit host when starting 32/64-bit guest using VT-x

  - by Powerman

  I'm trying to start 64-bit guest (MacOSX and Windows7) on 32-bit host (Hardened Gentoo Linux, kernel 2.6.28-hardened-r9) using VMware Workstation (6.5.3.185404 and 7.0.1.227600). If VT-X disabled in BIOS, VMware refuse to start 64-bit guest (as expected). If VT-X enabled in BIOS, VMware start guest without complaining, but then, in about a second (I suppose as soon as guest try to switch on 64-bit) my host reboots (actually, it's more like reset - normal reboot procedure skipped and BIOS POST start immediately). My hardware is Core 2 Duo 6600 on ASUS P5B-Deluxe with latest stable BIOS 1101. I've power-cycled system, then enabled Vanderpool in BIOS. My CPU doesn't support Trusted Execution Technology, and there no way to disable it in BIOS. I've rebooted several times after that, sometimes with power-cycled, and ensure Vandertool is enabled in BIOS. I've also run VMware-guest64check-5.5.0-18463 tool, and it report "This host is capable of running a 64-bit guest operating system under this VMware product.". About a year ago I tried to disable hardened in kernel to ensure this isn't because of PaX/GrSecurity, but that doesn't help. I have not checked 32-bit guests with VT-X enabled yet, but without VT-X they works ok. ASUS provide "beta" BIOS updates, but according to their descriptions these updates doesn't fix this issue, so I'm not sure is it good idea to try it. My best guess now it's motherboard/BIOS bug. Any ideas? Update 1: I've tried to boot vt.iso provided at http://communities.vmware.com/docs/DOC-8978 and here is it report: CPU 0: VT is enabled on this core CPU 1: VT is enabled on this core Update 2: I've just tried to boot 32-bit guests (Windows7, Ubuntu9.04 and Gentoo) using all possible virtualization modes. In Automatic, Automatic with Replay, Binary translation everything works, in Intel VT-x/EPT or AMD-V/RVI I got message "This host does not support EPT. Using software virtualization with a software MMU." and everything works. BUT in Intel VT-x or AMD-V mode all 32-bit guests reset host just like 64-bit guests! So, this issue is not specific to 64-bit guests. One more thing. Using Intel VT-x or AMD-V mode for both 32/64-bit guests my host reset right after starting VM, i.e. before VM BIOS POST and before guest even start booting. But using Intel VT-x/EPT or AMD-V/RVI VM BIOS runs ok, then 64-bit guests start booting (Windows7 completed "Loading files" progressbar), and only after that host reset.

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• Error 80073701 when installing Windows 7 Service Pack 1

  - by Wagner Maestrelli

  I tried to install the Windows 7 Service Pack 1 using Windows Update and I got an error (code 80073701 - unknown error). I tried it again, same thing. Rebooted and tried again, same error. Before I tried to install the SP1 I had installed all the previous updates. I have Windows 7 Ultimate 32-bits. Has anyone gone through the same problem? Any ideas of what might be happening? Thanks! UPDATE: I installed the System Update Readiness Tool. Then, I tried to install the SP1 again, but the installation failed again with the same error. As I thought I was running out of options, I downloaded the SP1 package (500+ MB) and tried to install manually. Before that, I reinstalled the SUR Update. Well, the manual installation of the SP1 failed again. Then I learned about the c:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CheckSUR.log file (thanks Patches!). I checked it out. As I installed the SUR Update multiple times, the older logs are kept in the c:\Windows\Logs\CBS\CheckSUR.persist.log file. In the first time the SUR update was installed there was an error, which is said to have been fixed. In the subsequent logs, no errors were detected. The log with the error: ================================= Checking System Update Readiness. Binary Version 6.1.7600.20593 Package Version 7.0 2010-03-19 09:57 Checking Windows Servicing Packages Checking Package Manifests and Catalogs (f) CBS MUM Corrupt 0x800B0100 servicing\Packages\Microsoft-Windows-Client-LanguagePack-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~x86~pt-BR~6.1.7600.16385.mum servicing\Packages\Microsoft-Windows-Client-LanguagePack-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~x86~pt-BR~6.1.7600.16385.cat Package manifest cannot be validated by the corresponding catalog (fix) CBS MUM Corrupt CBS File Replaced Microsoft-Windows-Client-LanguagePack-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~x86~pt-BR~6.1.7600.16385.mum from Cabinet: C:\Windows\CheckSur\v1.0\windows6.1-rtm-client-cab3-x86.cab. (fix) CBS Paired File CBS File also Replaced Microsoft-Windows-Client-LanguagePack-Package~31bf3856ad364e35~x86~pt-BR~6.1.7600.16385.cat from Cabinet: C:\Windows\CheckSur\v1.0\windows6.1-rtm-client-cab3-x86.cab. Checking Package Watchlist Checking Component Watchlist Checking Packages Checking Component Store Summary: Seconds executed: 224 Found 1 errors Fixed 1 errors CBS MUM Corrupt Total count: 1 Fixed: CBS MUM Corrupt. Total count: 1 Fixed: CBS Paired File. Total count: 1 It seems it has something to do with the Brazilian Portuguese Language Pack, which happens to be my native language. Problem is I can't uninstall the language pack since it is my system default language. And I haven't found any place to download it so I could reinstall it manually. Well, any ideas? Thanks!

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• OSX 10.6.6 SSH md5 break-in check

  - by Alex

  Information Recently one of the linux servers that I access was compromised to steal passwords and ssh keys using a modified ssh binary. This lead me to question if the attacker had compromised my OSX Laptop which had ssh access turned on. A sophos virus scan turned up nothing, and I did not have rkhunter installed before the attack, so I could not compare hashes of the system binaries to be sure. However because OSX is relatively standard for each of their major releases, I asked fiends for md5 hashes md5 /usr/bin/ssh and md5 /usr/sbin/sshd as a basic first check to see if there was anything different about my machine. A few emails later I have found the following data: Version (Arch) [N] MD5 (/usr/bin/ssh) MD5 (/usr/sbin/sshd) OSX 10.5.8 (PPC) [3] 1e9fd483eef23464ec61c815f7984d61 9d32a36294565368728c18de466e69f1 OSX 10.5.8 (intel) [5] 1e9fd483eef23464ec61c815f7984d61 9d32a36294565368728c18de466e69f1 OSX 10.6.x (intel) [7] 591fbe723011c17b6ce41c537353b059 e781fad4fc86cf652f6df22106e0bf0e OSX 10.6.x (intel) [4] 58be068ad5e575c303ec348a1c71d48b 33dafd419194b04a558c8404b484f650 Mine 10.6.6 (intel) df344cc00a294c91230c65e8b7332a79 b5094ccf4cd074aaf573d4f5df75906a where N is the number of machines with with that MD5, and the last row is my laptop. The sample is relatively heterogeneous spaning a few years of different makes and models of Apples, and different versions of 10.6.x. The different hash for my system made me worried that these binaries might have been compromised. So I made sure that my backup for the week was good, and dived into formatting my system and reinstalling OSX. After reinstalling OSX from the manufacturer DVD, I found that the MD5 hash did not change for either ssh, or sshd. Goal Make sure that my system is does not have any malicious software. Should I be worried that this base install of OSX (with no other software installed) has been compromised? I have also updated my system to 10.6.6 and found no change as well. Other Information I am not sure if this is helpful information, but my laptop is a i7 15 inch MacBook Pro bought in Nov 2010, and here is some output from system_profiler: System Software Overview: System Version: Mac OS X 10.6.6 (10J567) Kernel Version: Darwin 10.6.0 64-bit Kernel and Extensions: No Time since boot: 1:37 Hardware: Hardware Overview: Model Name: MacBook Model Identifier: MacBook6,2 Processor Name: Intel Core i7 Processor Speed: 2.66 GHz Number Of Processors: 1 Total Number Of Cores: 2 L2 Cache (per core): 256 KB L3 Cache: 4 MB Memory: 4 GB Processor Interconnect Speed: 4.8 GT/s Boot ROM Version: MBP61.0057.B0C SMC Version (system): 1.58f16 Sudden Motion Sensor: State: Enabled On the laptop, I find: $ codesign -vvv /usr/bin/ssh /usr/bin/ssh: valid on disk /usr/bin/ssh: satisfies its Designated Requirement $ codesign -vvv /usr/sbin/sshd /usr/sbin/sshd: valid on disk /usr/sbin/sshd: satisfies its Designated Requirement $ ls -la /usr/bin/ssh -rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 1001520 Feb 11 2010 /usr/bin/ssh $ ls -la /usr/sbin/sshd -rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 1304800 Feb 11 2010 /usr/sbin/sshd $ ls -la /sbin/md5 -r-xr-xr-x 1 root wheel 65232 May 18 2009 /sbin/md5 Update So far I have not gotten an answer about this question, but if you could help by increasing the number of hashes that I can compare against, that would be great. To get hashes, and version numbers, run the following on osx: md5 /usr/bin/ssh md5 /usr/sbin/sshd ssh -V sw_vers

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• Veewee, Vagrant, Puppet, Erlang and RabbitMQ

  - by Tobias

  I am kinda stuck with a problem I am trying to wrap my head around for days now. Here is what I am doing: By using Veewee, I am creating a VirtualBox image and then I create a Vagrant box from it. See here, here Finally I run puppet from Vagrant to install RabbitMQ, see here. Veewee, Vagrant and VirtualBox all run on MacOS X 10.7.4. The vagrant box itself is CentOS 6.2. This worked fine for quite some time until I was recreating the VirtualBox image a couple of days ago. During installation of the rabbitmq-plugins during my puppet run I now get the following error: /Stage[main]/Rabbitmq/Exec[rabbitmq-plugins]/returns: erlexec: HOME must be set My RabbitMQ puppet configuration can be found on my GitHub repo for that project, but here is the most important part: $version = "2.8.7" $url = "http://www.rabbitmq.com/releases/rabbitmq-server/v${version}/rabbitmq-server-${version}-1.noarch.rpm" package{"erlang": ensure => "present", } package{"rabbitmq-server": provider => "rpm", source => $url, require => Package["erlang"] } exec{"rabbitmq-plugins": path => "/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin", command => "rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management", require => Package["rabbitmq-server"] } My additional repositories, e.g. epel, are defined in veewees postinstall.sh right at the top of the file. Finally, this is what I get when I do '/etc/init.d/rabbitmq-server status' [{pid,2834}, {running_applications,[{rabbit,"RabbitMQ","2.8.7"}, {ssl,"Erlang/OTP SSL application","4.1.6"}, {public_key,"Public key infrastructure","0.13"}, {crypto,"CRYPTO version 2","2.0.4"}, {mnesia,"MNESIA CXC 138 12","4.5"}, {os_mon,"CPO CXC 138 46","2.2.7"}, {sasl,"SASL CXC 138 11","2.1.10"}, {stdlib,"ERTS CXC 138 10","1.17.5"}, {kernel,"ERTS CXC 138 10","2.14.5"}]}, {os,{unix,linux}}, {erlang_version,"Erlang R14B04 (erts-5.8.5) [source] [64-bit] [rq:1] [async-threads:30] [kernel-poll:true]\n"}, {memory,[{total,24993120}, {processes,10328496}, {processes_used,10321296}, {system,14664624}, {atom,1175905}, {atom_used,1143841}, {binary,17192}, {code,11416020}, {ets,766168}]}, {vm_memory_high_watermark,0.4}, {vm_memory_limit,205851852}, {disk_free_limit,1000000000}, {disk_free,7089795072}, {file_descriptors,[{total_limit,924}, {total_used,4}, {sockets_limit,829}, {sockets_used,2}]}, {processes,[{limit,1048576},{used,131}]}, {run_queue,0}, {uptime,6}] Sources in the web suggest, that I have to set HOME. Of course I was logging into the box if HOME was set, for user vagrant it was '/home/vagrant' and for root it was 'root'. As always, any hints/ideas/suggestions/assumptions are more than welcome. Thanks a lot! Cheers, Tobi

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• Elasticsearch won't start anymore

  - by Oleander

  I restarted my elasticsearch instance 5 days ago and I haven't manage to start it since then. I get no output in the log file /var/log/elasticsearch/ nor does the elasticsearch binary print any information when running at using elasticsearch -f. I once manage to get this output. [2012-11-15 22:51:18,427][INFO ][node ] [Piper] {0.19.11}[29584]: initializing ... [2012-11-15 22:51:18,433][INFO ][plugins ] [Piper] loaded [], sites [] Running curl http://localhost:9200 resulted in curl: (7) couldn't connect to host. I've tried increasing the memory from 3gb to 10gb, but that didn't make any diffrence. Running /etc/init.d/elasticsearch start takes 30 seconds. ps aux | grep elasticsearch results in this output. /usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/exec/elasticsearch-linux-x86-64 /usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/elasticsearch.conf wrapper.syslog.ident=elasticsearch wrapper.pidfile=/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/./elasticsearch.pid wrapper.name=elasticsearch wrapper.displayname=ElasticSearch wrapper.daemonize=TRUE wrapper.statusfile=/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/./elasticsearch.status wrapper.java.statusfile=/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/./elasticsearch.java.status wrapper.script.version=3.5.14 /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-openjdk-amd64/jre/bin/java -Delasticsearch-service -Des.path.home=/usr/local/share/elasticsearch -Xss256k -XX:+UseParNewGC -XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC -XX:CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction=75 -XX:+UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly -XX:+HeapDumpOnOutOfMemoryError -Djava.awt.headless=true -Xms1024m -Xmx1024m -Djava.library.path=/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/lib -classpath /usr/local/share/elasticsearch/bin/service/lib/wrapper.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/elasticsearch-0.19.11.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/elasticsearch-0.19.11.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/jna-3.3.0.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/log4j-1.2.17.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/lucene-analyzers-3.6.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/lucene-core-3.6.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/lucene-highlighter-3.6.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/lucene-memory-3.6.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/lucene-queries-3.6.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/snappy-java-1.0.4.1.jar:/usr/local/share/elasticsearch/lib/sigar/sigar-1.6.4.jar -Dwrapper.key=k7r81VpK3_Bb3N_5 -Dwrapper.port=32000 -Dwrapper.jvm.port.min=31000 -Dwrapper.jvm.port.max=31999 -Dwrapper.disable_console_input=TRUE -Dwrapper.pid=23888 -Dwrapper.version=3.5.14 -Dwrapper.native_library=wrapper -Dwrapper.service=TRUE -Dwrapper.cpu.timeout=10 -Dwrapper.jvmid=1 org.tanukisoftware.wrapper.WrapperSimpleApp org.elasticsearch.bootstrap.ElasticSearchF My current system: ElasticSearch Version: 0.19.11, JVM: 23.2-b09 Ubuntu 12.04 LTS I've tried re-install elasticsearch, removing old directories. Why can't I get it to start?

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• radvd is not assigning prefix

  - by Samik

  I'm currently trying to setup IPv6 address auto-configuration with router advertisement daemon (radvd) on a virtual machine running CentOS 6.5. But the eth0 interface is not obtaining that prefix. I've obtained the ULA prefix from here. Contents of /etc/sysctl.conf # Kernel sysctl configuration file for Red Hat Linux # # For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and # sysctl.conf(5) for more details. # Controls IP packet forwarding net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0 net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1 # Controls source route verification net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1 # Do not accept source routing net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0 # Controls the System Request debugging functionality of the kernel kernel.sysrq = 0 # Controls whether core dumps will append the PID to the core filename. # Useful for debugging multi-threaded applications. kernel.core_uses_pid = 1 # Controls the use of TCP syncookies net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1 # Disable netfilter on bridges. net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0 # Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queue kernel.msgmnb = 65536 # Controls the maximum size of a message, in bytes kernel.msgmax = 65536 # Controls the maximum shared segment size, in bytes kernel.shmmax = 68719476736 # Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pages kernel.shmall = 4294967296 Contents of /etc/radvd.conf # NOTE: there is no such thing as a working "by-default" configuration file. # At least the prefix needs to be specified. Please consult the radvd.conf(5) # man page and/or /usr/share/doc/radvd-*/radvd.conf.example for help. # # interface eth0 { AdvSendAdvert on; MinRtrAdvInterval 3; MaxRtrAdvInterval 10; AdvDefaultPreference low; AdvHomeAgentFlag off; prefix fd8a:8d9d:808f:1::/64 { AdvOnLink on; AdvAutonomous on; AdvRouterAddr on; }; }; Contents of /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 HWADDR=52:54:00:74:d7:46 TYPE=Ethernet UUID=af5db1cb-e809-4098-be1a-5a74dbb767b1 ONBOOT=yes NM_CONTROLLED=no BOOTPROTO=dhcp IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes I've also enabled radvd at startup through chkconfig. Though I noticed that radvd is starting after interfaces are brought up. I've tried restarting the network service afterwards but still I get the following link-local address only #ip -6 addr show 1: lo: mtu 16436 inet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: mtu 1500 qlen 1000 inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe74:d746/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever Edit: Based on the answer given by Sander Steffann I still need clarification on some points but I'm posting here what worked. Contents of /etc/sysconfig/network NETWORKING=yes HOSTNAME=syslog-ng-server NETWORKING_IPV6=yes IPV6FORWARDING=yes Contents of /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 HWADDR=52:54:00:74:d7:46 TYPE=Ethernet UUID=af5db1cb-e809-4098-be1a-5a74dbb767b1 ONBOOT=yes NM_CONTROLLED=no BOOTPROTO=dhcp IPV6INIT=yes IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes IPV6FORWARDING=no Removed following line from /etc/sysctl.conf net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding = 1 Contents of /etc/radvd.conf is as previous.

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• fink hangs while compiling Octave on OS X

  - by Mark Bennett

  Disclaimer: I'm totally new to Fink. I'm trying to install Octave (Matlab open source clone) on Mountain Lion using Fink, following instructions at http://wiki.octave.org/Octave_for_MacOS_X It's a new installation of Fink, and I've also installed X11 per instructions. I'm using this command (which I believe is correct since everything's 64 bit now): sudo fink install octave-atlas It's hanging after a while, showing this as it's last output: ... Setting up xft2-dev (2.2.0-2) ... Clearing dependency_libs of .la files being installed Reading buildlock packages... All buildlocks accounted for. /sw/bin/dpkg-lockwait -i /sw/fink/dists/stable/main/binary-darwin-x86_64/x11/xinitrc_1.5-1_darwin-x86_64.deb (Reading database ... 14871 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to replace xinitrc 1.5-1 (using .../xinitrc_1.5-1_darwin-x86_64.deb) ... Unpacking replacement xinitrc ... Setting up xinitrc (1.5-1) ... I did notice the process name on the terminal's tab was "sort", so the second time I hit this I tried Control-D (End-of-File), and this did seem to unstick it. I'm wondering if there's some misformed command and sort was trying to read from stdin? Questions: 1: Has anybody else seen this? Google wasn't helpful 2: Fink outputs a LOT of warnings and errors.... is that normal? 3: wondering if anybody's got Fink to compile Octave on Mountain Lion specifically? And whether they used just "octave" or "octave-atlas". Or if you got it working with MacPorts or Homebrew? 4: later Fink failed with "Failed: phase compiling: gnuplot-minimal-4.6.1-1 failed". I haven't started googling that yet... but wondering if anybody's see that? Also tried MacPorts but got other errors with Octave. And reading online it looks like HomeBrew also has issues with Octave on Mountain Lion. 5: Generally looking for anybody who's got Octave running on Mountain Lion with any of the package managers. I've been at this for a couple days ;-)

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• How do I protect a low budget network from rogue DHCP servers?

  - by Kenned

  I am helping a friend manage a shared internet connection in an apartment buildling with 80 apartments - 8 stairways with 10 apartments in each. The network is laid out with the internet router at one end of the building, connected to a cheap non-managed 16 port switch in the first stairway where the first 10 apartments are also connected. One port is connected to another 16 port cheapo switch in the next stairway, where those 10 apartments are connected, and so forth. Sort of a daisy chain of switches, with 10 apartments as spokes on each "daisy". The building is a U-shape, approximately 50 x 50 meters, 20 meters high - so from the router to the farthest apartment it’s probably around 200 meters including up-and-down stairways. We have a fair bit of problems with people hooking up wifi-routers the wrong way, creating rogue DHCP servers which interrupt large groups of the users and we wish to solve this problem by making the network smarter (instead of doing a physical unplugging binary search). With my limited networking skills, I see two ways - DHCP-snooping or splitting the entire network into separate VLANS for each apartment. Separate VLANS gives each apartment their own private connection to the router, while DHCP snooping will still allow LAN gaming and file sharing. Will DHCP snooping work with this kind of network topology, or does that rely on the network being in a proper hub-and-spoke-configuration? I am not sure if there are different levels of DHCP snooping - say like expensive Cisco switches will do anything, but inexpensive ones like TP-Link, D-Link or Netgear will only do it in certain topologies? And will basic VLAN support be good enough for this topology? I guess even cheap managed switches can tag traffic from each port with it’s own VLAN tag, but when the next switch in the daisy chain receives the packet on it’s “downlink” port, wouldn’t it strip or replace the VLAN tag with it’s own trunk-tag (or whatever the name is for the backbone traffic). Money is tight, and I don’t think we can afford professional grade Cisco (I have been campaigning for this for years), so I’d love some advice on which solution has the best support on low-end network equipment and if there are some specific models that are recommended? For instance low-end HP switches or even budget brands like TP-Link, D-Link etc. If I have overlooked another way to solve this problem it is due to my lack of knowledge. :)

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• Having trouble Getting "RTSP over HTTP"

  - by Muhammad Adeel Zahid

  There is an axis camera that is connected to our site (camba.tv) through axis one click connection component (which acts as proxy). We can communicate with this camera only through http by setting the proxy to our OCCC server's address. If we want to get RTSP streams (h.264) we are only left with "RTSP over HTTP" option. For this I have followed axis VAPIX 3 documentation section 3.3. I issue requests through fiddler but don't get any response. But when i put the URL (axrtsphttp://1.00408CBEA38B/axis-media/media.amp) in windows media player (with proxy set to OCCC server 212.78.237.156:3128) the player is able to get RTSP stream over HTTP after logging in. I have created a request trace of communication between camera and windows media player through wireshark and the request that brings the stream looks like http://1.00408cbea38b/axis-media/media.amp HTTP/1.1 x-sessioncookie: 619 User-Agent: Axis AMC Host: 1.00408CBEA38B Proxy-Connection: Keep-Alive Pragma: no-cache Authorization: Digest username="root",realm="AXIS_00408CBEA38B",nonce="000a8b40Y0100409c13ac7e6cceb069289041d8feb1691",uri="/axis-media/media.amp",cnonce="9946e2582bd590418c9b70e1b17956c7",nc=00000001,response="f3cab86fc84bfe33719675848e7fdc0a",qop="auth" HTTP/1.0 200 OK Content-Type: application/x-rtsp-tunnelled Date: Tue, 02 Nov 2010 11:45:23 GMT RTSP/1.0 200 OK CSeq: 1 Content-Type: application/sdp Content-Base: rtsp://1.00408CBEA38B/axis-media/media.amp/ Date: Tue, 02 Nov 2010 11:45:23 GMT Content-Length: 410 v=0 o=- 1288698323798001 1288698323798001 IN IP4 1.00408CBEA38B s=Media Presentation e=NONE c=IN IP4 0.0.0.0 b=AS:50000 t=0 0 a=control:* a=range:npt=0.000000- m=video 0 RTP/AVP 96 b=AS:50000 a=framerate:30.0 a=transform:1,0,0;0,1,0;0,0,1 a=control:trackID=1 a=rtpmap:96 H264/90000 a=fmtp:96 packetization-mode=1; profile-level-id=420029; sprop-parameter-sets=Z0IAKeNQFAe2AtwEBAaQeJEV,aM48gA== RTSP/1.0 200 OK CSeq: 2 Session: 3F4763D8; timeout=60 Transport: RTP/AVP/TCP;unicast;interleaved=0-1;ssrc=060922C6;mode="PLAY" Date: Tue, 02 Nov 2010 11:45:24 GMT RTSP/1.0 200 OK CSeq: 3 Session: 3F4763D8 Range: npt=0- RTP-Info: url=rtsp://1.00408CBEA38B/axis-media/media.amp/trackID=1;seq=7392;rtptime=4190934902 Date: Tue, 02 Nov 2010 11:45:24 GMT [Binary Stream Content] But when i copy this request to fiddler, I only get 200 status code with content-type set to application/x-rtsp-tunneled and there is no stream data. The only thing i do different with stream is to use Basic in authorization header instead of Digest and I do not get 401 (Un authorized) status code. Can anyone explain what's happening here? How can I write request sequences to get stream in fiddler? If it is needed, I can upload the wireshark request dump somewhere.

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• Disable .htaccess from apache allowoverride none, still reads .htaccess files

  - by John Magnolia

  I have moved all of our .htaccess config into <Directory> blocks and set AllowOverride None in the default and default-ssl. Although after restarting apache it is still reading the .htaccess files. How can I completely turn off reading these files? Update of all files with "AllowOverride" /etc/apache2/mods-available/userdir.conf <IfModule mod_userdir.c> UserDir public_html UserDir disabled root <Directory /home/*/public_html> AllowOverride FileInfo AuthConfig Limit Indexes Options MultiViews Indexes SymLinksIfOwnerMatch IncludesNoExec <Limit GET POST OPTIONS> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Limit> <LimitExcept GET POST OPTIONS> Order deny,allow Deny from all </LimitExcept> </Directory> </IfModule> /etc/apache2/mods-available/alias.conf <IfModule alias_module> # # Aliases: Add here as many aliases as you need (with no limit). The format is # Alias fakename realname # # Note that if you include a trailing / on fakename then the server will # require it to be present in the URL. So "/icons" isn't aliased in this # example, only "/icons/". If the fakename is slash-terminated, then the # realname must also be slash terminated, and if the fakename omits the # trailing slash, the realname must also omit it. # # We include the /icons/ alias for FancyIndexed directory listings. If # you do not use FancyIndexing, you may comment this out. # Alias /icons/ "/usr/share/apache2/icons/" <Directory "/usr/share/apache2/icons"> Options Indexes MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </IfModule> /etc/apache2/httpd.conf # # Directives to allow use of AWStats as a CGI # Alias /awstatsclasses "/usr/share/doc/awstats/examples/wwwroot/classes/" Alias /awstatscss "/usr/share/doc/awstats/examples/wwwroot/css/" Alias /awstatsicons "/usr/share/doc/awstats/examples/wwwroot/icon/" ScriptAlias /awstats/ "/usr/share/doc/awstats/examples/wwwroot/cgi-bin/" # # This is to permit URL access to scripts/files in AWStats directory. # <Directory "/usr/share/doc/awstats/examples/wwwroot"> Options None AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> Alias /awstats-icon/ /usr/share/awstats/icon/ <Directory /usr/share/awstats/icon> Options None AllowOverride None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl <IfModule mod_ssl.c> <VirtualHost _default_:443> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/ssl_access.log combined # SSL Engine Switch: # Enable/Disable SSL for this virtual host. SSLEngine on # A self-signed (snakeoil) certificate can be created by installing # the ssl-cert package. See # /usr/share/doc/apache2.2-common/README.Debian.gz for more info. # If both key and certificate are stored in the same file, only the # SSLCertificateFile directive is needed. SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key # Server Certificate Chain: # Point SSLCertificateChainFile at a file containing the # concatenation of PEM encoded CA certificates which form the # certificate chain for the server certificate. Alternatively # the referenced file can be the same as SSLCertificateFile # when the CA certificates are directly appended to the server # certificate for convinience. #SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/apache2/ssl.crt/server-ca.crt # Certificate Authority (CA): # Set the CA certificate verification path where to find CA # certificates for client authentication or alternatively one # huge file containing all of them (file must be PEM encoded) # Note: Inside SSLCACertificatePath you need hash symlinks # to point to the certificate files. Use the provided # Makefile to update the hash symlinks after changes. #SSLCACertificatePath /etc/ssl/certs/ #SSLCACertificateFile /etc/apache2/ssl.crt/ca-bundle.crt # Certificate Revocation Lists (CRL): # Set the CA revocation path where to find CA CRLs for client # authentication or alternatively one huge file containing all # of them (file must be PEM encoded) # Note: Inside SSLCARevocationPath you need hash symlinks # to point to the certificate files. Use the provided # Makefile to update the hash symlinks after changes. #SSLCARevocationPath /etc/apache2/ssl.crl/ #SSLCARevocationFile /etc/apache2/ssl.crl/ca-bundle.crl # Client Authentication (Type): # Client certificate verification type and depth. Types are # none, optional, require and optional_no_ca. Depth is a # number which specifies how deeply to verify the certificate # issuer chain before deciding the certificate is not valid. #SSLVerifyClient require #SSLVerifyDepth 10 # Access Control: # With SSLRequire you can do per-directory access control based # on arbitrary complex boolean expressions containing server # variable checks and other lookup directives. The syntax is a # mixture between C and Perl. See the mod_ssl documentation # for more details. #<Location /> #SSLRequire ( %{SSL_CIPHER} !~ m/^(EXP|NULL)/ \ # and %{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_O} eq "Snake Oil, Ltd." \ # and %{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_OU} in {"Staff", "CA", "Dev"} \ # and %{TIME_WDAY} >= 1 and %{TIME_WDAY} <= 5 \ # and %{TIME_HOUR} >= 8 and %{TIME_HOUR} <= 20 ) \ # or %{REMOTE_ADDR} =~ m/^192\.76\.162\.[0-9]+$/ #</Location> # SSL Engine Options: # Set various options for the SSL engine. # o FakeBasicAuth: # Translate the client X.509 into a Basic Authorisation. This means that # the standard Auth/DBMAuth methods can be used for access control. The # user name is the `one line' version of the client's X.509 certificate. # Note that no password is obtained from the user. Every entry in the user # file needs this password: `xxj31ZMTZzkVA'. # o ExportCertData: # This exports two additional environment variables: SSL_CLIENT_CERT and # SSL_SERVER_CERT. These contain the PEM-encoded certificates of the # server (always existing) and the client (only existing when client # authentication is used). This can be used to import the certificates # into CGI scripts. # o StdEnvVars: # This exports the standard SSL/TLS related `SSL_*' environment variables. # Per default this exportation is switched off for performance reasons, # because the extraction step is an expensive operation and is usually # useless for serving static content. So one usually enables the # exportation for CGI and SSI requests only. # o StrictRequire: # This denies access when "SSLRequireSSL" or "SSLRequire" applied even # under a "Satisfy any" situation, i.e. when it applies access is denied # and no other module can change it. # o OptRenegotiate: # This enables optimized SSL connection renegotiation handling when SSL # directives are used in per-directory context. #SSLOptions +FakeBasicAuth +ExportCertData +StrictRequire <FilesMatch "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php)$"> SSLOptions +StdEnvVars </FilesMatch> <Directory /usr/lib/cgi-bin> SSLOptions +StdEnvVars </Directory> # SSL Protocol Adjustments: # The safe and default but still SSL/TLS standard compliant shutdown # approach is that mod_ssl sends the close notify alert but doesn't wait for # the close notify alert from client. When you need a different shutdown # approach you can use one of the following variables: # o ssl-unclean-shutdown: # This forces an unclean shutdown when the connection is closed, i.e. no # SSL close notify alert is send or allowed to received. This violates # the SSL/TLS standard but is needed for some brain-dead browsers. Use # this when you receive I/O errors because of the standard approach where # mod_ssl sends the close notify alert. # o ssl-accurate-shutdown: # This forces an accurate shutdown when the connection is closed, i.e. a # SSL close notify alert is send and mod_ssl waits for the close notify # alert of the client. This is 100% SSL/TLS standard compliant, but in # practice often causes hanging connections with brain-dead browsers. Use # this only for browsers where you know that their SSL implementation # works correctly. # Notice: Most problems of broken clients are also related to the HTTP # keep-alive facility, so you usually additionally want to disable # keep-alive for those clients, too. Use variable "nokeepalive" for this. # Similarly, one has to force some clients to use HTTP/1.0 to workaround # their broken HTTP/1.1 implementation. Use variables "downgrade-1.0" and # "force-response-1.0" for this. BrowserMatch "MSIE [2-6]" \ nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \ downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0 # MSIE 7 and newer should be able to use keepalive BrowserMatch "MSIE [17-9]" ssl-unclean-shutdown </VirtualHost> </IfModule> /etc/apache2/sites-available/default <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options -Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> Alias /delboy /usr/share/phpmyadmin <Directory /usr/share/phpmyadmin> # Restrict phpmyadmin access Order Deny,Allow Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> </VirtualHost> /etc/apache2/conf.d/security # # Disable access to the entire file system except for the directories that # are explicitly allowed later. # # This currently breaks the configurations that come with some web application # Debian packages. # #<Directory /> # AllowOverride None # Order Deny,Allow # Deny from all #</Directory> # Changing the following options will not really affect the security of the # server, but might make attacks slightly more difficult in some cases. # # ServerTokens # This directive configures what you return as the Server HTTP response # Header. The default is 'Full' which sends information about the OS-Type # and compiled in modules. # Set to one of: Full | OS | Minimal | Minor | Major | Prod # where Full conveys the most information, and Prod the least. # #ServerTokens Minimal ServerTokens OS #ServerTokens Full # # Optionally add a line containing the server version and virtual host # name to server-generated pages (internal error documents, FTP directory # listings, mod_status and mod_info output etc., but not CGI generated # documents or custom error documents). # Set to "EMail" to also include a mailto: link to the ServerAdmin. # Set to one of: On | Off | EMail # #ServerSignature Off ServerSignature On # # Allow TRACE method # # Set to "extended" to also reflect the request body (only for testing and # diagnostic purposes). # # Set to one of: On | Off | extended # TraceEnable Off #TraceEnable On /etc/apache2/apache2.conf # # Based upon the NCSA server configuration files originally by Rob McCool. # # This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the # configuration directives that give the server its instructions. # See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/ for detailed information about # the directives. # # Do NOT simply read the instructions in here without understanding # what they do. They're here only as hints or reminders. If you are unsure # consult the online docs. You have been warned. # # The configuration directives are grouped into three basic sections: # 1. Directives that control the operation of the Apache server process as a # whole (the 'global environment'). # 2. Directives that define the parameters of the 'main' or 'default' server, # which responds to requests that aren't handled by a virtual host. # These directives also provide default values for the settings # of all virtual hosts. # 3. Settings for virtual hosts, which allow Web requests to be sent to # different IP addresses or hostnames and have them handled by the # same Apache server process. # # Configuration and logfile names: If the filenames you specify for many # of the server's control files begin with "/" (or "drive:/" for Win32), the # server will use that explicit path. If the filenames do *not* begin # with "/", the value of ServerRoot is prepended -- so "foo.log" # with ServerRoot set to "/etc/apache2" will be interpreted by the # server as "/etc/apache2/foo.log". # ### Section 1: Global Environment # # The directives in this section affect the overall operation of Apache, # such as the number of concurrent requests it can handle or where it # can find its configuration files. # # # ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's # configuration, error, and log files are kept. # # NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network) # mounted filesystem then please read the LockFile documentation (available # at <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/mod/mpm_common.html#lockfile>); # you will save yourself a lot of trouble. # # Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path. # #ServerRoot "/etc/apache2" # # The accept serialization lock file MUST BE STORED ON A LOCAL DISK. # LockFile ${APACHE_LOCK_DIR}/accept.lock # # PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process # identification number when it starts. # This needs to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars # PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE} # # Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out. # Timeout 300 # # KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than # one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate. # KeepAlive On # # MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow # during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount. # We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance. # MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 # # KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the # same client on the same connection. # KeepAliveTimeout 4 ## ## Server-Pool Size Regulation (MPM specific) ## # prefork MPM # StartServers: number of server processes to start # MinSpareServers: minimum number of server processes which are kept spare # MaxSpareServers: maximum number of server processes which are kept spare # MaxClients: maximum number of server processes allowed to start # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_prefork_module> StartServers 5 MinSpareServers 5 MaxSpareServers 10 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 500 </IfModule> # worker MPM # StartServers: initial number of server processes to start # MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections # MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare # MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare # ThreadLimit: ThreadsPerChild can be changed to this maximum value during a # graceful restart. ThreadLimit can only be changed by stopping # and starting Apache. # ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_worker_module> StartServers 2 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxClients 150 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> # event MPM # StartServers: initial number of server processes to start # MaxClients: maximum number of simultaneous client connections # MinSpareThreads: minimum number of worker threads which are kept spare # MaxSpareThreads: maximum number of worker threads which are kept spare # ThreadsPerChild: constant number of worker threads in each server process # MaxRequestsPerChild: maximum number of requests a server process serves <IfModule mpm_event_module> StartServers 2 MaxClients 150 MinSpareThreads 25 MaxSpareThreads 75 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 25 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> # These need to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars User ${APACHE_RUN_USER} Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP} # # AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory # for additional configuration directives. See also the AllowOverride # directive. # AccessFileName .htaccess # # The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being # viewed by Web clients. # <Files ~ "^\.ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy all </Files> # # DefaultType is the default MIME type the server will use for a document # if it cannot otherwise determine one, such as from filename extensions. # If your server contains mostly text or HTML documents, "text/plain" is # a good value. If most of your content is binary, such as applications # or images, you may want to use "application/octet-stream" instead to # keep browsers from trying to display binary files as though they are # text. # DefaultType text/plain # # HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses # e.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off). # The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people # had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that # each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the # nameserver. # HostnameLookups Off # ErrorLog: The location of the error log file. # If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost> # container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be # logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost> # container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here. # ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log # # LogLevel: Control the number of messages logged to the error_log. # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. # LogLevel warn # Include module configuration: Include mods-enabled/*.load Include mods-enabled/*.conf # Include all the user configurations: Include httpd.conf # Include ports listing Include ports.conf # # The following directives define some format nicknames for use with # a CustomLog directive (see below). # If you are behind a reverse proxy, you might want to change %h into %{X-Forwarded-For}i # LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent # Include of directories ignores editors' and dpkg's backup files, # see README.Debian for details. # Include generic snippets of statements Include conf.d/ # Include the virtual host configurations: Include sites-enabled/

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• Does VMware_ThinApp_4.0.3_169725.msi contain Trojan.Win32.Vapsup in it? [closed]

  - by Joe

  Today I ran a full system scan using Online Armor++. It detected Trojans in the installer. I have had this installer on the computer for many months and I do not remember if I ever installed it on this PC or not. For some reason I unpacked the installer with 7zip though. I was probably going to attempt to make it portable. Anyway so I had the installer in a folder, and another folder next to it with all of the installers files unpacked. The VMwareVS.cab file that was extracted from the installer, also had its files extracted into another folder. This was all done many months ago. OA++ did not detect the installer itself as as Trojan VMwareVS.cab, but it did detect 4 of the files that I had unpacked as Trojans. Here are the details of what the scan detected on my PC today. Note: I uploaded these files to VirusTotal....the Ikarus and A-squared engines(the engines from Online Armor++) are not detecting anything. But some of the other engines are detecting the same Trojan that OA++ detected(Trojan.Win32.Vapsup). C:\Downloads\VMware_ThinApp_4.0.3_169725.msi [This file was not detected by the Virus Scan as infected] CRC-32: 50189335 MD5: 9e32e3272d2637fb6e0759a604879e6f SHA-1: 19ef5a6d586ddcc5b9222ba57b0f14159655f3f8 C:\Downloads\VMware_ThinApp_4.0.3_169725\VMwareVS.cab [This file was not detected by the Virus Scan as infected] CRC-32: d3a9694a MD5: ddc278a8fe0a25486277d9800e6af85a SHA-1: 456b731c8b6fdb7a1d7bcff3d1fbe9df58ccc73a Online Armor++ Virus Scan Results: Detected Trojan.Win32.Vapsup.vee!A2 C:\Downloads\VMware_ThinApp_4.0.3_169725\Binary.ThinstallProcess CRC-32: 4888b13c MD5: 4884cb4622278c0835b9a5dcd2ae0473 SHA-1: ed879ae65147805dd69e1355c17df814b9d434ce Detected Trojan.Win32.Vapsup.vef!A2 C:\Downloads\VMware_ThinApp_4.0.3_169725\VMwareVS\AppSync.exe CRC-32: fd20b378 MD5: cbdcdd590f7ffc52b6ce68fa11f2bda4 SHA-1: aebf685e02d6693df9eaa92c67dc5746792b5ecf Detected Trojan.Win32.Vapsup.veg!A2 C:\Downloads\VMware_ThinApp_4.0.3_169725\VMwareVS\logging.dll CRC-32: 8adee5d5 MD5: 56ff9b83f58ba8eacb6e939aa4759bf0 SHA-1: b52fa38765a25fe6a2c4f60d76545a4dd64904eb Detected Trojan.Win32.Vapsup.vek!A2 C:\Downloads\VMware_ThinApp_4.0.3_169725\VMwareVS\thinreg.exe CRC-32: 423c5652 MD5: c436feff8d9096e7475c84a6bca6096c SHA-1: 685b84af796132ce144aacd6ff23379e17ddf1a7 Are these files indeed infected by this Trojan, or is it just a false positive? Does anybody have the same version of the original installer, who could find out if the Checksums of the installer and unpacked files match? Should I be worried about whether this Trojan has spread and infected my machine? Thanks in advance for any help!

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• php crashes with no core file and this message : apc_mmap failed

  - by greg0ire

  Description of the problem Regularly, cron php processes crash on our production server, which result in mails with the following body : PHP Fatal error: PHP Startup: apc_mmap: mmap failed: in Unknown on line 0 Segmentation fault (core dumped) I think the Segmentation fault (core dumped) should result in core files being handled by apport and then written in /var/crashes, but the files I can see there are there since yesterday, although the last crash occured today : -rw-r----- 1 root whoopsie 1138528 mai 22 04:09 _usr_bin_php5.0.crash -rw-r----- 1 frontoffice whoopsie 1166373 mai 20 18:00 _usr_bin_php5.1005.crash -rw-r----- 1 frontoffice whoopsie 81622658 mai 22 00:05 _usr_sbin_php5-fpm.1005.crash I tried to download the last one anyway, and ran gdb /usr/sbin/php5-fpm /tmp/_usr_sbin_php5-fpm.1005.crash, only to be told that the file is not a core file (its format was not recognized). Here is the server's apc configuration : cat /etc/php5/cli/conf.d/20-apc.ini extension=apc.so apc.shm_size=512M apc.ttl=3600 apc.user_ttl=3600 apc.enable_cli=1 I'm mostly worried about the apc.shm_size… isn't it too high or too low ? I understand it has to do with the size of memory segments. Question(s) What could be the problem ? How can I troubleshoot it (how can I get a valid core file ?) ? System information free total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 5081296 4354684 726612 0 374744 959968 -/+ buffers/cache: 3019972 2061324 Swap: 522236 516888 5348 cat /etc/lsb-release DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu DISTRIB_RELEASE=12.04 DISTRIB_CODENAME=precise DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 12.04.2 LTS" php -v PHP 5.4.17-1~precise+1 (cli) (built: Jul 17 2013 18:14:06) Copyright (c) 1997-2013 The PHP Group Zend Engine v2.4.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2013 Zend Technologies php -i excerpt : Configuration apc APC Support => enabled Version => 3.1.13 APC Debugging => Disabled MMAP Support => Enabled MMAP File Mask => Locking type => pthread mutex Locks Serialization Support => php Revision => $Revision: 327136 $ Build Date => Nov 20 2012 18:41:36 Directive => Local Value => Master Value apc.cache_by_default => On => On apc.canonicalize => On => On apc.coredump_unmap => Off => Off apc.enable_cli => On => On apc.enabled => On => On apc.file_md5 => Off => Off apc.file_update_protection => 2 => 2 apc.filters => no value => no value apc.gc_ttl => 3600 => 3600 apc.include_once_override => Off => Off apc.lazy_classes => Off => Off apc.lazy_functions => Off => Off apc.max_file_size => 1M => 1M apc.mmap_file_mask => no value => no value apc.num_files_hint => 1000 => 1000 apc.preload_path => no value => no value apc.report_autofilter => Off => Off apc.rfc1867 => Off => Off apc.rfc1867_freq => 0 => 0 apc.rfc1867_name => APC_UPLOAD_PROGRESS => APC_UPLOAD_PROGRESS apc.rfc1867_prefix => upload_ => upload_ apc.rfc1867_ttl => 3600 => 3600 apc.serializer => default => default apc.shm_segments => 1 => 1 apc.shm_size => 512M => 512M apc.shm_strings_buffer => 4M => 4M apc.slam_defense => On => On apc.stat => On => On apc.stat_ctime => Off => Off apc.ttl => 3600 => 3600 apc.use_request_time => On => On apc.user_entries_hint => 4096 => 4096 apc.user_ttl => 3600 => 3600 apc.write_lock => On => On php -m [PHP Modules] apc bcmath bz2 calendar Core ctype curl date dba dom ereg exif fileinfo filter ftp gd gettext hash iconv imagick intl json ldap libxml mbstring memcache memcached mhash mysql mysqli openssl pcntl pcre PDO pdo_mysql pdo_pgsql pdo_sqlite pgsql Phar posix Reflection session shmop SimpleXML soap sockets SPL sqlite3 standard sysvmsg sysvsem sysvshm tidy tokenizer wddx xml xmlreader xmlwriter zip zlib [Zend Modules] ulimit -a core file size (blocks, -c) 0 data seg size (kbytes, -d) unlimited scheduling priority (-e) 0 file size (blocks, -f) unlimited pending signals (-i) 39531 max locked memory (kbytes, -l) 64 max memory size (kbytes, -m) unlimited open files (-n) 1024 pipe size (512 bytes, -p) 8 POSIX message queues (bytes, -q) 819200 real-time priority (-r) 0 stack size (kbytes, -s) 8192 cpu time (seconds, -t) unlimited max user processes (-u) 39531 virtual memory (kbytes, -v) unlimited file locks (-x) unlimited

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• l2tp server always 'sent [CCP ResetReq id=0x3]' when got compressed data request

  - by wilbur

  I have built a xl2tpd/ipsec server on my ubuntu 12.04.3, and I managed to make a l2tp vpn connection to the xl2tpd server from my android phone. The xl2tpd log said xl2tpd[10828]: Enabling IPsec SAref processing for L2TP transport mode SAs xl2tpd[10828]: IPsec SAref does not work with L2TP kernel mode yet, enabling forceuserspace=yes xl2tpd[10828]: setsockopt recvref[22]: Protocol not available xl2tpd[10828]: This binary does not support kernel L2TP. xl2tpd[10828]: xl2tpd version xl2tpd-1.2.8 started on atime.me PID:10828 xl2tpd[10828]: Written by Mark Spencer, Copyright (C) 1998, Adtran, Inc. xl2tpd[10828]: Forked by Scott Balmos and David Stipp, (C) 2001 xl2tpd[10828]: Inherited by Jeff McAdams, (C) 2002 xl2tpd[10828]: Forked again by Xelerance (www.xelerance.com) (C) 2006 xl2tpd[10828]: Listening on IP address 0.0.0.0, port 1701 xl2tpd[10828]: control_finish: Peer requested tunnel 39154 twice, ignoring second one. xl2tpd[10828]: Connection established to 117.136.8.59, 43149. Local: 25339, Remote: 39154 (ref=0/0). LNS session is 'default' However I cannot access the web in my browser. The pppd log said rcvd [Compressed data] 00 1d 82 c4 7c 04 d8 09 ... sent [CCP ResetReq id=0x7] I have googled a lot and found that this was mostly caused by a mppe decompression error. I have disabled BSD-Compress compression with nobsdcomp in /etc/ppp/xl2tpd-options but it did not work. I used openswan-2.6.33 and xl2tpd-1.2.8 which were built from source. And my configurations: /etc/ipsec.conf version 2.0 config setup nat_traversal=yes virtual_private=%v4:10.0.0.0/8,%v4:192.168.0.0/16,%v4:172.16.0.0/12 oe=off protostack=netkey conn L2TP-PSK-NAT rightsubnet=vhost:%priv also=L2TP-PSK-noNAT conn L2TP-PSK-noNAT authby=secret pfs=no auto=add keyingtries=3 rekey=no ikelifetime=8h keylife=1h type=transport left=106.186.121.214 leftprotoport=17/1701 right=%any rightprotoport=17/%any /etc/xl2tpd/xl2tpd.conf [global] ipsec saref = yes [lns default] local ip = 10.10.11.1 ip range = 10.10.11.2-10.10.11.245 refuse chap = yes refuse pap = yes require authentication = yes ppp debug = yes pppoptfile = /etc/ppp/xl2tpd-options length bit = yes /etc/ppp/xl2tpd-options require-mschap-v2 ms-dns 8.8.8.8 ms-dns 8.8.4.4 asyncmap 0 auth crtscts lock hide-password modem name l2tpd proxyarp lcp-echo-interval 30 lcp-echo-failure 4 debug nobsdcomp Any suggestions? Thanks in advance.

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