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• Modify passed, nested dict/list

  - by Gerenuk

  I was thinking of writing a function to normalize some data. A simple approach is def normalize(l, aggregate=sum, norm_by=operator.truediv): aggregated=aggregate(l) for i in range(len(l)): l[i]=norm_by(l[i], aggregated) l=[1,2,3,4] normalize(l) l -> [0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4] However for nested lists and dicts where I want to normalize over an inner index this doesnt work. I mean I'd like to get l=[[1,100],[2,100],[3,100],[4,100]] normalize(l, ?? ) l -> [[0.1,100],[0.2,100],[0.3,100],[0.4,100]] Any ideas how I could implement such a normalize function? Maybe it would be crazy cool to write normalize(l[...][0]) Is it possible to make this work?? Or any other ideas? Also not only lists but also dict could be nested. Hmm... EDIT: I just found out that numpy offers such a syntax (for lists however). Anyone know how I would implement the ellipsis trick myself?

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• Python program to search for specific strings in hash values (coding help)

  - by Diego

  Trying to write a code that searches hash values for specific string's (input by user) and returns the hash if searchquery is present in that line. Doing this to kind of just learn python a bit more, but it could be a real world application used by an HR department to search a .csv resume database for specific words in each resume. I'd like this program to look through a .csv file that has three entries per line (id#;applicant name;resume text) I set it up so that it creates a hash, then created a string for the resume text hash entry, and am trying to use the .find() function to return the entire hash for each instance. What i'd like is if the word "gpa" is used as a search query and it is found in s['resumetext'] for three applicants(rows in .csv file), it prints the id, name, and resume for every row that has it.(All three applicants) As it is right now, my program prints the first row in the .csv file(print resume['id'], resume['name'], resume['resumetext']) no matter what the searchquery is, whether it's in the resumetext or not. lastly, are there better ways to doing this, by searching word documents, pdf's and .txt files in a folder for specific words using python (i've just started reading about the re module and am wondering if this may be the route, rather than putting everything in a .csv file.) def find_details(id2find): resumes_f=open("resume_data.csv") for each_line in resumes_f: s={} (s['id'], s['name'], s['resumetext']) = each_line.split(";") resumetext = str(s['resumetext']) if resumetext.find(id2find): return(s) else: print "No data matches your search query. Please try again" searchquery = raw_input("please enter your search term") resume = find_details(searchquery) if resume: print resume['id'], resume['name'], resume['resumetext']

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• Python + Expat: Error on &#0; entities

  - by clacke

  I have written a small function, which uses ElementTree and xpath to extract the text contents of certain elements in an xml file: #!/usr/bin/env python2.5 import doctest from xml.etree import ElementTree from StringIO import StringIO def parse_xml_etree(sin, xpath): """ Takes as input a stream containing XML and an XPath expression. Applies the XPath expression to the XML and returns a generator yielding the text contents of each element returned. >>> parse_xml_etree( ... StringIO('<test><elem1>one</elem1><elem2>two</elem2></test>'), ... '//elem1').next() 'one' >>> parse_xml_etree( ... StringIO('<test><elem1>one</elem1><elem2>two</elem2></test>'), ... '//elem2').next() 'two' >>> parse_xml_etree( ... StringIO('<test><null>&#0;</null><elem3>three</elem3></test>'), ... '//elem2').next() 'three' """ tree = ElementTree.parse(sin) for element in tree.findall(xpath): yield element.text if __name__ == '__main__': doctest.testmod(verbose=True) The third test fails with the following exception: ExpatError: reference to invalid character number: line 1, column 13 Is the � entity illegal XML? Regardless whether it is or not, the files I want to parse contain it, and I need some way to parse them. Any suggestions for another parser than Expat, or settings for Expat, that would allow me to do that?

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• Working with fields which can mutate or be new instances altogether

  - by dotnetdev

  Structs are usually used for immutable data, eg a phone number, which does not mutate, but instead you get a new one (eg the number 000 becoming 0001 would mean two seperate numbers). However, pieces of information like Name, a string, can either mutate (company abc changing its name to abcdef, or being given a new name like def). For fields like this, I assume they should reside in the mutable class and not an immutable structure? My way of structuring code is to have an immutable concept, like Address (any change is a new address completely), in a struct and then reference it from a class like Customer, since Customer always has an address. So I would put CompanyName, or Employer, in the class as it is mutable. But a name can either mutate and so be the same 1 instance, or a new name setup and while the company still owning the first name too. Would the correct pattern for assigning a new instance (eg a new company name but the old name still owned by the company) be?: string name = ""; string newName = new string(); newName = "new"; name = newName; And a mutation just the standard assignment pattern? Thanks

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• Removing a pattern from the beggining and end of a string in ruby

  - by seaneshbaugh

  So I found myself needing to remove <br /> tags from the beginning and end of strings in a project I'm working on. I made a quick little method that does what I need it to do but I'm not convinced it's the best way to go about doing this sort of thing. I suspect there's probably a handy regular expression I can use to do it in only a couple of lines. Here's what I got: def remove_breaks(text) if text != nil and text != "" text.strip! index = text.rindex("<br />") while index != nil and index == text.length - 6 text = text[0, text.length - 6] text.strip! index = text.rindex("<br />") end text.strip! index = text.index("<br />") while index != nil and index == 0 text = test[6, text.length] text.strip! index = text.index("<br />") end end return text end Now the "<br />" could really be anything, and it'd probably be more useful to make a general use function that takes as an argument the string that needs to be stripped from the beginning and end. I'm open to any suggestions on how to make this cleaner because this just seems like it can be improved.

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• How to check volume is mounted or not using python with a dynamic volume name

  - by SR query

  import subprocess def volumeCheck(volume_name): """This function will check volume name is mounted or not. """ volume_name = raw_input('Enter volume name:') volumeCheck(volume_name) print 'volume_name=',volume_name p = subprocess.Popen(['df', '-h'], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE) p1, err = p.communicate() pattern = p1 if pattern.find(volume_name): print 'volume found' else: print 'volume not found' While running i always got wrong result "volume found". root@sr-query:/# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on rootfs 938M 473M 418M 54% / /dev/md0 938M 473M 418M 54% / none 250M 4.9M 245M 2% /dev /dev/md2 9.7M 1.2M 8.0M 13% /usr/config /dev/md7 961M 18M 895M 2% /downloads tmpfs 250M 7.9M 242M 4% /var/volatile tmpfs 250M 0 250M 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 250M 0 250M 0% /media/ram **/dev/mapper/vg9-lv9 1016M 65M 901M 7% /VolumeData/sp /dev/mapper/vg10-lv10 1016M 65M 901M 7% /VolumeData/cp** root@sr-query:/# root@sr-query:/# root@sr-query:/# python volume_check.py Enter volume name:raid_10volume volume_name= raid_10volume **volume found** root@sr-query:/# I enterd raid_10volume its not listed here please check the df -h command out put(only 2 volume there sp and cp) , then how it reached else part. what is wrong in my code? Thanks in advance. is there any other way to do this work ! ?

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• autorelease object not confirming protocol does not give any warning

  - by Sahil Wasan

  I have a class "ABC" and its method which returns non autoreleases object of that class. @interface ABC:NSObject +(ABC *)aClassMethodReturnsObjectWhichNotAutoreleased; @end @implementation ABC +(ABC *)aClassMethodReturnsObjectWhichNotAutoreleased{ ABC *a = [[ABC alloc]init]; return a; } @end If I have a protocol Foo. @Protocol Foo @required -(void)abc; @end My ABC class is "not" confirming Foo protocols. 1st call id<Foo> obj = [ABC aClassMethodReturnsObjectWhichNotAutoreleased]; //show warning It shows warning "Non Compatible pointers.." thats good.Abc did not confirm protocol Foo BUT 2nd call id<Foo> obj = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"abc",@"def",nil]; // It will "not" show warning as it will return autorelease object.NSArray don't confirm protocol Foo In first call compiler gives warning and in second call compiler is not giving any warning.I think that is because i am not returning autorelease object. Why is compiler not giving warning in 2nd call as NSArray is also not confirming FOO Thanks in advance

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• Ruby shortest way to write rnd hex

  - by Whirlwin

  Hi. What I have is a method used to generate random hex values. E.g 666 or FF7 However, I don't think it looks simple/elegant at all.. What I want is to make it more simple which perhaps will make my code shorter as well, but I don't know how. That is why I need tips or hints Here is my code so far: def random_values random_values = Array.new letters = ['A','B','C','D','E','F'] for i in 1..15 if i <= 9 random_values << i else random_values << letters[i-10] end end return random_values.shuffle[0].to_s + random_values.shuffle[0].to_s + random_values.shuffle[0].to_s end As you probably see, I do not generate random numbers. I just shuffle the array containing the values I want, meaning all the numbers in the array are unique, which is not needed, but was the easiest solution for me when I wrote the code. I am most concerned about the return line.. If only it was possible to write like: return 3.times { random_values.shuffle[0] } or return random_values.shuffle[0].to_s *3 Thanks in advance!

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• Slightly different execution times between python2 and python3

  - by user557634

  Hi. Lastly I wrote a simple generator of permutations in python (implementation of "plain changes" algorithm described by Knuth in "The Art... 4"). I was curious about the differences in execution time of it between python2 and python3. Here is my function: def perms(s): s = tuple(s) N = len(s) if N <= 1: yield s[:] raise StopIteration() for x in perms(s[1:]): for i in range(0,N): yield x[:i] + (s[0],) + x[i:] I tested both using timeit module. My tests: $ echo "python2.6:" && ./testing.py && echo "python3:" && ./testing3.py python2.6: args time[ms] 1 0.003811 2 0.008268 3 0.015907 4 0.042646 5 0.166755 6 0.908796 7 6.117996 8 48.346996 9 433.928967 10 4379.904032 python3: args time[ms] 1 0.00246778964996 2 0.00656183719635 3 0.01419159912 4 0.0406293644678 5 0.165960511097 6 0.923101452814 7 6.24257639835 8 53.0099868774 9 454.540967941 10 4585.83498001 As you can see, for number of arguments less than 6, python 3 is faster, but then roles are reversed and python2.6 does better. As I am a novice in python programming, I wonder why is that so? Or maybe my script is more optimized for python2? Thank you in advance for kind answer :)

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• Python: problem with tiny script to delete files

  - by Rosarch

  I have a project that used to be under SVN, but now I'm moving it to Mercurial, so I want to clear out all the .svn files. It's a little too big to do it by hand, so I decided to write a python script to do it. But it isn't working. def cleandir(dir_path): print "Cleaning %s\n" % dir_path toDelete = [] files = os.listdir(dir_path) for filedir in files: print "considering %s" % filedir # continue if filedir == '.' or filedir == '..': print "skipping %s" % filedir continue path = dir_path + os.sep + filedir if os.path.isdir(path): cleandir(path) else: print "not dir: %s" % path if 'svn' in filedir: toDelete.append(path) print "Files to be deleted:" for candidate in toDelete: print candidate print "Delete all? [y|n]" choice = raw_input() if choice == 'y': for filedir in toDelete: if os.path.isdir(filedir): os.rmdir(filedir) else: os.unlink(filedir) exit() if __name__ == "__main__": cleandir(dir) The print statements show that it's only "considering" the filedirs whose names start with ".". However, if I uncomment the continue statement, all the filedirs are "considered". Why is this? Or is there some other utility that already exists to recursively de-SVN-ify a directory tree?

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• Django forms I cannot save picture file

  - by dana

  i have the model: class OpenCv(models.Model): created_by = models.ForeignKey(User, blank=True) first_name = models.CharField(('first name'), max_length=30, blank=True) last_name = models.CharField(('last name'), max_length=30, blank=True) url = models.URLField(verify_exists=True) picture = models.ImageField(help_text=('Upload an image (max %s kilobytes)' %settings.MAX_PHOTO_UPLOAD_SIZE),upload_to='jakido/avatar',blank=True, null= True) bio = models.CharField(('bio'), max_length=180, blank=True) date_birth = models.DateField(blank=True,null=True) domain = models.CharField(('domain'), max_length=30, blank=True, choices = domain_choices) specialisation = models.CharField(('specialization'), max_length=30, blank=True) degree = models.CharField(('degree'), max_length=30, choices = degree_choices) year_last_degree = models.CharField(('year last degree'), max_length=30, blank=True,choices = year_last_degree_choices) lyceum = models.CharField(('lyceum'), max_length=30, blank=True) faculty = models.ForeignKey(Faculty, blank=True,null=True) references = models.CharField(('references'), max_length=30, blank=True) workplace = models.ForeignKey(Workplace, blank=True,null=True) objects = OpenCvManager() the form: class OpencvForm(ModelForm): class Meta: model = OpenCv fields = ['first_name','last_name','url','picture','bio','domain','specialisation','degree','year_last_degree','lyceum','references'] and the view: def save_opencv(request): if request.method == 'POST': form = OpencvForm(request.POST, request.FILES) # if 'picture' in request.FILES: file = request.FILES['picture'] filename = file['filename'] fd = open('%s/%s' % (MEDIA_ROOT, filename), 'wb') fd.write(file['content']) fd.close() if form.is_valid(): new_obj = form.save(commit=False) new_obj.picture = form.cleaned_data['picture'] new_obj.created_by = request.user new_obj.save() return HttpResponseRedirect('.') else: form = OpencvForm() return render_to_response('opencv/opencv_form.html', { 'form': form, }, context_instance=RequestContext(request)) but i don't seem to save the picture in my database... something is wrong, and i can't figure out what :(

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• ActiveModel::MassAssignmentSecurity::Error in CustomersController#create (attr_accessible is set)

  - by megabga

  In my controller, I've got error when create action and try create model [can't mass-assignment], but in my spec, my test of mass-assignment model its pass!?! My Model: class Customer < ActiveRecord::Base attr_accessible :doc, :doc_rg, :name, :birthday, :name_sec, :address, :state_id, :city_id, :district_id, :customer_pj, :is_customer, :segment_id, :activity_id, :person_type, :person_id belongs_to :person , :polymorphic => true, dependent: :destroy has_many :histories has_many :emails def self.search(search) if search conditions = [] conditions << ['name LIKE ?', "%#{search}%"] find(:all, :conditions => conditions) else find(:all) end end end I`ve tired set attr_accessible in controller too, in my randomized way. the Controller: class CustomersController < ApplicationController include ActiveModel::MassAssignmentSecurity attr_accessible :doc, :doc_rg, :name, :birthday, :name_sec, :address, :state_id, :city_id, :district_id, :customer_pj, :is_customer autocomplete :business_segment, :name, :full => true autocomplete :business_activity, :name, :full => true [...] end The test, my passed test describe "accessible attributes" do it "should allow access to basics fields" do expect do @customer.save end.should_not raise_error(ActiveModel::MassAssignmentSecurity::Error) end end The error: ActiveModel::MassAssignmentSecurity::Error in CustomersController#create Can't mass-assign protected attributes: doc, doc_rg, name_sec, address, state_id, city_id, district_id, customer_pj, is_customer https://github.com/megabga/crm 1.9.2p320 Rails 3.2 MacOS pg

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• Faster quadrature decoder loops with Python code

  - by Kelei

  I'm working with a BeagleBone Black and using Adafruit's IO Python library. Wrote a simple quadrature decoding function and it works perfectly fine when the motor runs at about 1800 RPM. But when the motor runs at higher speeds, the code starts missing some of the interrupts and the encoder counts start to accumulate errors. Do you guys have any suggestions as to how I can make the code more efficient or if there are functions which can cycle the interrupts at a higher frequency. Thanks, Kel Here's the code: # Define encoder count function def encodercount(term): global counts global Encoder_A global Encoder_A_old global Encoder_B global Encoder_B_old global error Encoder_A = GPIO.input('P8_7') # stores the value of the encoders at time of interrupt Encoder_B = GPIO.input('P8_8') if Encoder_A == Encoder_A_old and Encoder_B == Encoder_B_old: # this will be an error error += 1 print 'Error count is %s' %error elif (Encoder_A == 1 and Encoder_B_old == 0) or (Encoder_A == 0 and Encoder_B_old == 1): # this will be clockwise rotation counts += 1 print 'Encoder count is %s' %counts print 'AB is %s %s' % (Encoder_A, Encoder_B) elif (Encoder_A == 1 and Encoder_B_old == 1) or (Encoder_A == 0 and Encoder_B_old == 0): # this will be counter-clockwise rotation counts -= 1 print 'Encoder count is %s' %counts print 'AB is %s %s' % (Encoder_A, Encoder_B) else: #this will be an error as well error += 1 print 'Error count is %s' %error Encoder_A_old = Encoder_A # store the current encoder values as old values to be used as comparison in the next loop Encoder_B_old = Encoder_B # Initialize the interrupts - these trigger on the both the rising and falling GPIO.add_event_detect('P8_7', GPIO.BOTH, callback = encodercount) # Encoder A GPIO.add_event_detect('P8_8', GPIO.BOTH, callback = encodercount) # Encoder B # This is the part of the code which runs normally in the background while True: time.sleep(1)

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• Python refuses text.replace() in one environment

  - by gx

  Hi fellow programmers, I've been mocking about with the following bit of dirty support-code for a pylons app, which works fine in a python-shell, a separate python file, or when running in paster. Now, we've put the application on-line through mod_wsgi and apache and this specific piece of code stopped working completely. First off, the code itself: def fixStyle(self, text): t = text.replace('<p>', '<p style="%s">' % (STYLEDEF,)) t = t.replace('class="wide"', 'style="width: 125px; %s"' % (DEFSTYLE,)) t = t.replace('<td>', '<td style="%s">' % (STYLEDEF,)) t = t.replace('<a ', '<a style="%s" ' % (LINKSTYLE,)) return t It seems pretty straightforward, and to be honest, it is. So what happens when I put a piece of text in it, for example: <table><tr><td>Test!</td></tr></table> The output should be: <table><tr><td style="stuff-from-styledef">Test!</td></tr></table> and it is, on most systems. When we put it through the app on Apache/mod_wsgi though, the following happens: <table><tr><td>Test!</td></tr></table> You guessed it. I'm currently at a loss and have no idea where to go next. Googling doesn't really work out, so I'm hoping on you guys to help out and perhaps point out a fundamental issue with using whatever-is-causing-this. If anything is missing I'll edit it in.

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• Rails: include index with fields_for form helper

  - by Patrick Oscity

  i'm trying to build two models from one form by using the fields_for method. my code looks like this: <% for scale in @event.scales %> <% f.fields_for "scale[]", scale do |scale_form| %> <p> Scale<br /> <%= scale_form.label :name %> <%= scale_form.text_field :name %> <%= scale_form.label :price %> <%= scale_form.text_field :price %> </p> <% end %> <% end %> but unfortunately the output html is missing the id's of the scales: <p> Scale<br /> <label for="event_scale__name">Name</label> <input id="event_scale__name" name="event[scale][][name]" size="30" type="text" /> <label for="event_scale__price">Price</label> <input id="event_scale__price" name="event[scale][][price]" size="30" type="text" /> </p> ... here's the corresponding controller and model: class EventsController < ApplicationController ... def new @event = Event.new @providers = Provider.find(:all, :order => :name) 3.times { @event.scales.build } respond_to do |format| format.html end end ... end class Event < ActiveRecord::Base has_many :scales ... end what am i doing wrong?

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• Replacing words in string

  - by abkai

  Okay, so I have the following little function: def swap(inp): inp = inp.split() out = "" for item in inp: ind = inp.index(item) item = item.replace("i am", "you are") item = item.replace("you are", "I am") item = item.replace("i'm", "you're") item = item.replace("you're", "I'm") item = item.replace("my", "your") item = item.replace("your", "my") item = item.replace("you", "I") item = item.replace("my", "your") item = item.replace("i", "you") inp[ind] = item for item in inp: ind = inp.index(item) item = item + " " inp[ind] = item return out.join(inp) Which, while it's not particularly efficient gets the job done for shorter sentences. Basically, all it does is swaps pronoun etc. perspectives. This is fine when I throw a string like "I love you" at it, it returns "you love me" but when I throw something like: you love your version of my couch because I love you, and you're a couch-lover. I get: I love your versyouon of your couch because I love I, and I'm a couch-lover. I'm confused as to why this is happening. I explicitly split the string into a list to avoid this. Why would it be able to detect it as being a part of a list item, rather than just an exact match? Also, slightly deviating to avoid having to post another question so similar; if a solution to this breaks this function, what will happen to commas, full stops, other punctuation? It made some very surprising mistakes. My expected output is: I love my version of your couch because you love I, and I'm a couch-lover. The reason I formatted it like this, is because I eventually hope to be able to replace the item.replace(x, y) variables with words in a database.

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• Writing functions of tuples conveniently in Scala

  - by Alexey Romanov

  Quite a few functions on Map take a function on a key-value tuple as the argument. E.g. def foreach(f: ((A, B)) ? Unit): Unit. So I looked for a short way to write an argument to foreach: > val map = Map(1 -> 2, 3 -> 4) map: scala.collection.immutable.Map[Int,Int] = Map(1 -> 2, 3 -> 4) > map.foreach((k, v) => println(k)) error: wrong number of parameters; expected = 1 map.foreach((k, v) => println(k)) ^ > map.foreach({(k, v) => println(k)}) error: wrong number of parameters; expected = 1 map.foreach({(k, v) => println(k)}) ^ > map.foreach(case (k, v) => println(k)) error: illegal start of simple expression map.foreach(case (k, v) => println(k)) ^ I can do > map.foreach(_ match {case (k, v) => println(k)}) 1 3 Any better alternatives?

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• Ruby: counters, counting and incrementing

  - by Shyam

  Hi, If you have seen my previous questions, you'd already know I am a big nuby when it comes to Ruby. So, I discovered this website which is intended for C programming, but I thought whatever one can do in C, must be possible in Ruby (and more readable too). The challenge is to print out a bunch of numbers. I discovered this nifty method .upto() and I used a block (and actually understanding its purpose). However, in IRb, I got some unexpected behavior. class MyCounter def run 1.upto(10) { |x| print x.to_s + " " } end end irb(main):033:0> q = MyCounter.new => #<MyCounter:0x5dca0> irb(main):034:0> q.run 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 => 1 I have no idea where the = 1 comes from :S Should I do this otherwise? I am expecting to have this result: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Thank you for your answers, comments and feedback!

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• Rails problem with Delayed_Job and Active Record

  - by Michael Waxman

  I'm using Delayed_Job to grab a Twitter user's data from the API, but it's not saving it in the model for some reason! Please help! (code below) class BandJob < Struct.new(:band_id, :band_username) #parameter def perform require 'json' require 'open-uri' band = Band.find_by_id(band_id) t = JSON.parse(open("http://twitter.com/users/show/#{band_username}.json").read) band.screen_name = t['screen_name'] band.profile_background_image = t['profile_background_image_url'] band.url = 'http://' + band_username + '.com' band.save! end end To clarify, I'm actually not getting any errors, it's just not saving. Here's what my log looks like: * [JOB] acquiring lock on BandJob [4;36;1mDelayed::Job Update (3.1ms)[0m [0;1mUPDATE "delayed_jobs" SET locked_at = '2009-11-09 18:59:45', locked_by = 'host:dhcp128036151228.central.yale.edu pid:2864' WHERE (id = 10442 and (locked_at is null or locked_at < '2009-11-09 14:59:45') and (run_at <= '2009-11-09 18:59:45')) [0m [4;35;1mBand Load (1.5ms)[0m [0mSELECT * FROM "bands" WHERE ("bands"."id" = 34) LIMIT 1[0m [4;36;1mBand Update (0.6ms)[0m [0;1mUPDATE "bands" SET "updated_at" = '2009-11-09 18:59:45', "profile_background_image" = 'http://a3.twimg.com/profile_background_images/38193417/fbtile4.jpg', "url" = 'http://Coldplay.com', "screen_name" = 'coldplay' WHERE "id" = 34[0m [4;35;1mDelayed::Job Destroy (0.5ms)[0m [0mDELETE FROM "delayed_jobs" WHERE "id" = 10442[0m * [JOB] BandJob completed after 0.5448 1 jobs processed at 1.8011 j/s, 0 failed ... Thanks!

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• Rails load path questions

  - by HelpMe

  Say I have some custom classes that don't belong in models, controllers etc, I should put this in /lib correct? In rails < 3 I would add this directory to my loadpath and in rails 3+ I would add this to my autoload_path. Is this correct? Now say I have some classes that extends already defined classes. Where should I put this so its run on startup. Forexample say I want to add the method 'foo' on String. class String def foo 'foo; end end Where should I put this class so it's defined on startup? Another weird bug I have is when I try to namespace classes in lib. module MyProject class Foo end end Now in a console: ruby-1.9.2-p136 :004 Bags::Foo LoadError: Expected /Users/me/workspace/my_project/lib/foo.rb to define Foo from /Users/rob/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p136/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:492:in `load_missing_constant' from /Users/rob/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p136/gems/activesupport-3.0.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:183:in `block in const_missing' I keep getting this error. How can I load this file? Thanks in advance for any help!

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• Django Datetime field question

  - by Shehzad009

  Hello I have been having a problem with django while trying to work with datetime. In my webapp I have a table like so when I run server. ID Owing 1 -100 (All the same value) 2 -100 3 -100 . . . . . . It has in one column Invoice id and the other owing. One-one relationship as well. sow for example owing value for 1 is 100. Unfortunately, this is where it all goes wrong because throughout column (Owing), it is giving me the owing value for ID=1. I want each ID to give me their owing value. Here is my view. I also wonder if I may need a for loop somewhere as well. def homepage(request): invoices_list = Invoice.objects.all() invoice_name = invoices_list[0].client_contract_number.client_number.name invoice_gross = invoices_list[0].invoice_gross payment_date = invoices_list[0].payment_date if payment_date <= datetime.now(): owing = invoice_gross if payment_date > datetime.now(): owing = 0 else: owing= 0 return render_to_response(('index.html', locals()), {'invoices_list': invoices_list ,'invoice_number':invoice_number, 'invoice_name':invoice_name, 'invoice_gross':invoice_gross, 'payment_date':payment_date, 'owing': owing}, context_instance=RequestContext(request)) EDIT: Here is my template. The thing is the function owing is not in my models so saying {{invoices.owing}} wont work. {% for invoices in invoices_list %} <tr> <td>{{invoices.invoice_number}}</td> <td>{{invoices.invoice_contact}}</td> <td>{{invoices.client_contract_number}}</td> <td>{{invoices.payment_date|date:"d M Y"}}</td> <td>{{invoices.invoice_gross}}</td> <td>{{owing}}</td> {% endfor %}

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• can I put my sqlite connection and cursor in a function?

  - by steini

  I was thinking I'd try to make my sqlite db connection a function instead of copy/pasting the ~6 lines needed to connect and execute a query all over the place. I'd like to make it versatile so I can use the same function for create/select/insert/etc... Below is what I have tried. The 'INSERT' and 'CREATE TABLE' queries are working, but if I do a 'SELECT' query, how can I work with the values it fetches outside of the function? Usually I'd like to print the values it fetches and also do other things with them. When I do it like below I get an error Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\steini\Desktop\py\database\test3.py", line 15, in <module> for row in connection('testdb45.db', "select * from users"): ProgrammingError: Cannot operate on a closed database. So I guess the connection needs to be open so I can get the values from the cursor, but I need to close it so the file isn't always locked. Here's my testing code: import sqlite3 def connection (db, arg): conn = sqlite3.connect(db) conn.execute('pragma foreign_keys = on') cur = conn.cursor() cur.execute(arg) conn.commit() conn.close() return cur connection('testdb.db', "create table users ('user', 'email')") connection('testdb.db', "insert into users ('user', 'email') values ('joey', 'foo@bar')") for row in connection('testdb45.db', "select * from users"): print row How can I make this work?

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• Django: returning a selection of fields from a model based on their values?

  - by AP257

  I am working with some data over which I have little control. I'd like to return ONLY the fields of my model that aren't certain 'uninteresting' values (e.g. '0', 'X' or '-'), and access them individually in the template. My model is like this: class Manors(models.Model): structidx = models.IntegerField(primary_key=True, verbose_name="ID") hills = models.CharField(max_length=100, null=True, blank=True, verbose_name="Number of fields") In my template, I return a QuerySet of Manors, and I'd like to output something like this if the hills field isn't uninteresting: {% for manor in manors %} {% if manor.hills %}<li>Hills blah blah: {{ manor.hills }}</li>{% endif %} {% endfor %} I want to avoid too much logic in the template. Ideally, the manor object would simply not return with the uninteresting fields attached, then I could just do {% if manor.hills %}. I tried writing a model method that returns a dictionary of the interesting values, like this: def get_field_dictionary(self): interesting_fields = {} for field in Manors._meta.fields: if field.value_to_string(self) != "N" and field.value_to_string(self) != "0" and field.value_to_string(self) != "-" and field.value_to_string(self) != "X": interesting_fields[field.name] = field.value_to_string(self) return interesting_fields But I don't know how to access individual values of the dictionary in the template: {% if manor.get_field_dictionary['hills'] %}<li>Hills blah blah: {{ manor.get_field_dictionary['hills'] }}</li>{% endif %} gives a TemplateSyntaxError. Is there a better way to do this?

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• cython setup.py gives .o instead of .dll

  - by alok1974

  Hi, I am a newbie to cython, so pardon me if I am missing something obvious here. I am trying to build c extensions to be used in python for enhanced performance. I have fc.py module with a bunch of function and trying to generate a .dll through cython using dsutils and running on win64: c:\python26\python c:\cythontest\setup.py build_ext --inplace I have the dsutils.cfg in C:\Python26\Lib\distutils. As required the disutils.cfg has the following config settings: [build] compiler = mingw32 My startup.py looks like this: from distutils.core import setup from distutils.extension import Extension from Cython.Distutils import build_ext ext_modules = [Extension('fc', [r'C:\cythonTest\fc.pyx'])] setup( name = 'FC Extensions', cmdclass = {'build_ext': build_ext}, ext_modules = ext_modules ) I have latest version mingw for target/host amdwin64 type builds. I have the latest version of cython for python26 for win64. Cython does give me an fc.c without errors, only a few warning for type conversions, which I will handle once I have it right. Further it produces fc.def an fc.o files Instead of giving a .dll. I get no errors. I find on threads that it will create the .so or .dll automatically as required, which is not happening.

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• generating XML in rails

  - by PeterWong

  I created a controller having an action: def gen_books_xml @books = Book.find(:all, :conditions => {:owner_id => 1}) respond_to do |format| format.xml { render :xml => @books.to_xml(:root => "Books", :skip_types=>true) } end end How could I implement the to_xml method in the Book model sa that it can generate the following format? <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <Books> <Owner>1</Owner> <Book><title>some title</title></Book> <Book><title>some title</title></Book> <Book><title>some title</title></Book> ... </Books> where there is only 1 Owner element and many Book elements I can only output the Book elements but cannot output the one Owner in the same level of Books. Please HELP!!!

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