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• RHEL 6.x on Rackspace Cloud and Dedicated hardware experiencing Redis Timeouts

  - by zhallett

  I just recently set up a mixture of RHEL 6.1 Rackspace cloud hosts and RHEL 6.2 dedicated hosts using Rackconnect. I am experiencing intermittent Redis timeouts from within our Rails 3.2.8 app with Redis 2.4.16 running on the RHEL 6.2 dedicated hosts. There is no network latency or packet loss. Also there are no errors on any interfaces on our cloud or dedicated servers or on the managed firewall from Rackspace. When Redis timesout, there is nothing logged within redis even though it is set up to do debug logging. The only error we receive is from Airbrake saying there was a Redis timeout. Network topology: RHEL 6.1 cloud hosts <--> Alert logic IDS <--> Cisco ASA 5510 <--> RHEL 6.2 dedicated hosts (web nodes) (two way NAT) (db hosts running redis) Ping from db host to web host: 64 bytes from 10.181.230.180: icmp_seq=998 ttl=64 time=0.520 ms 64 bytes from 10.181.230.180: icmp_seq=999 ttl=64 time=0.579 ms 64 bytes from 10.181.230.180: icmp_seq=1000 ttl=64 time=0.482 ms --- web1.xxxxxx.com ping statistics --- 1000 packets transmitted, 1000 received, 0% packet loss, time 999007ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.359/0.535/5.684/0.200 ms Ping from web host to db host: 64 bytes from 192.168.100.26: icmp_seq=998 ttl=64 time=0.544 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.100.26: icmp_seq=999 ttl=64 time=0.452 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.100.26: icmp_seq=1000 ttl=64 time=0.529 ms --- data1.xxxxxx.com ping statistics --- 1000 packets transmitted, 1000 received, 0% packet loss, time 999017ms rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.358/0.499/6.120/0.201 ms Redis config: daemonize yes pidfile /var/run/redis/6379/redis_6379.pid port 6379 timeout 0 loglevel debug logfile /var/lib/redis/log syslog-enabled yes syslog-ident redis-6379 syslog-facility local0 databases 16 save 900 1 save 300 10 save 60 10000 rdbcompression yes dbfilename dump-6379.rdb dir /var/lib/redis maxclients 10000 maxmemory-policy volatile-lru maxmemory-samples 3 appendfilename appendonly-6379.aof appendfsync everysec no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100 auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb slowlog-log-slower-than 10000 slowlog-max-len 1024 vm-enabled no vm-swap-file /tmp/redis.swap vm-max-memory 0 vm-page-size 32 vm-pages 134217728 vm-max-threads 4 hash-max-zipmap-entries 512 hash-max-zipmap-value 64 list-max-ziplist-entries 512 list-max-ziplist-value 64 set-max-intset-entries 512 zset-max-ziplist-entries 128 zset-max-ziplist-value 64 activerehashing yes Redis-cli info: redis-cli info redis_version:2.4.16 redis_git_sha1:00000000 redis_git_dirty:0 arch_bits:64 multiplexing_api:epoll gcc_version:4.4.6 process_id:4174 uptime_in_seconds:79346 uptime_in_days:0 lru_clock:1064644 used_cpu_sys:13.08 used_cpu_user:19.81 used_cpu_sys_children:1.56 used_cpu_user_children:7.69 connected_clients:167 connected_slaves:0 client_longest_output_list:0 client_biggest_input_buf:0 blocked_clients:6 used_memory:15060312 used_memory_human:14.36M used_memory_rss:22061056 used_memory_peak:15265928 used_memory_peak_human:14.56M mem_fragmentation_ratio:1.46 mem_allocator:jemalloc-3.0.0 loading:0 aof_enabled:0 changes_since_last_save:166 bgsave_in_progress:0 last_save_time:1352823542 bgrewriteaof_in_progress:0 total_connections_received:286 total_commands_processed:507254 expired_keys:0 evicted_keys:0 keyspace_hits:1509 keyspace_misses:65167 pubsub_channels:0 pubsub_patterns:0 latest_fork_usec:690 vm_enabled:0 role:master db0:keys=6,expires=0 edit 1: add redis-cli info output

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• Cisco, How to do a subnetting scheme using VLSM and RIP-2?

  - by Andrei T. Ursan

  I'm studying for my CCNA exam and I have to create a VLSM scheme using RIP-2 for the following requirements: (this is an exercise) Use the class C network 192.168.1.0 network for your point-to-point connections Using the Class A network 10.0.0.0, plan for the following number of hosts in each location: New York: 1000 Chicago: 500 Los Angeles: 1000 On the LAN and point-to-point connections, select subnet masks that use the smallest ranges of IP addresses possible given the above requirements. In all cases, use the lowest possible subnet numbers. Subnet zero is allowed. My guess is the following: New York: S0/0 192.168.1.1 /24 Fa0/0 10.1.0.1 netmask 255.255.248.0 - because we need 1000 hosts Chicago: S0/0 192.168.1.2 /24 Fa0/0 10.2.0.1 netmask 255.255.252.0 (for 500 hosts) Los Angeles: S0/0 192.168.2.3 /24 Fa0/0 10.3.0.1 netmask 255.255.248.0 (for 1000 hosts) Is this a good configuration? I'm reading the CCNA book but not everything is very clear, so I said to do some exercises... Thank you!

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• VMware vSphere 4.1: host performance graphs show "No data available", except the realtime view, which works fine

  - by Graeme Donaldson

  Here's our scenario: Site 1 has 3 hosts, and our vCenter server is here. Site 2 has 3 hosts. All hosts are ESXi 4.1 update 1. If I view the Performance tab for any host in Site 1, I can view realtime, 1 Day, etc., i.e. all the views give me graph data. For the hosts in Site 2, I can view the realtime graphs, 1 Day and 1 Week both say "No data available". 1 Month had mostly nothing, 1 Year shows that it was working fine for a long time and then started breaking. 1 Month view: 1 Year view: What would cause this loss of performance data?

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• Multiple VLANs in the same subnet

  - by A.J.

  Is it possible to have multiple VLANs in the same subnet, with the same gateway address (TMG)? I want to avoid having many Subnets (and vNIC's in TMG) just to isolate sets of a few hosts. IP: 10.0.0.1 (TMG server) VLAN:1 ~ 3 IP: 10.0.0.11 ~ 20 (Hosts group 1) VLAN:1 IP: 10.0.0.21 ~ 30 (Hosts group 2) VLAN:2 IP: 10.0.0.31 ~ 40 (Hosts group 3) VLAN:3 Note that I don't want them to connect to each other, so ARP/inter-vlan routing (within the subnet) is not required. The gateway is running in a VM within ESXi 5, I can pass the VLans to the VM using VGT or VLan Range, but I don't know how the OS/TMG should handle them.

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• ASA 5505 8.4 open ports for subnet

  - by fwrawx

  I have an ASA 5505 running 8.4 with its outside interface plugged into our internal network. I want to open up access to hosts on one of the vlans behind that ASA to hosts on our internal network. I was just starting to grasp NAT on our older PIX but the ASA 8.4 has me confused now. Given a clean ASA with an outside vlan of 10.0.0.1/24 and test vlan of 10.0.1.1/24 what's the basic configuration needed to allow any hosts on the outside network to have access to any of the hosts on the test network?

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• Local or public NTP servers?

  - by BeeOnRope

  For a relatively large network (thousands of hosts) - what are the arguments for and against running a locally managed (pool of) NTP server(s) (perhaps periodically set via some public NTP server) and having all other hosts on the network use that (pool of) NTP server(s) versus having all hosts simply use public NTP servers directly, say via ntp.pool.org? Aside from the pros and cons, What is typical best practice today?

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• Secure copy uucp style

  - by Alexander Janssen

  I often have the case that I have to make a lot of hops to the remote host, just because there is no direct routing between my client and the remote host. When I need to copy files from a remote host two or more hops away, I always have to: client$ ssh host1 host1$ ssh host2 host2$ scp host3:/myfile . host2$ exit host1$ scp host2:myfile . host1$ exit client$ scp host1:myfile . Back when uucp still was being used this would be as simple as a uucp host1!host2!host3 /myfile . I know that there's uucp over ssh, but unfortunately I don't have the proper privileges on those machines to set it up. Also, I'm not sure if I really want to fiddle around with customer's machines. Does anyone know of a method doing this tasks without the need to setup a lot of tunnels or deploying new software to remote hosts? Maybe some kind of recursive script which clones itself to all the remote hosts, doing the hard work for me? Assume that authentication takes place with public keys and that all hosts do SSH Agent Forwarding. Edit: I'm not looking for a way to automatically forwarding my interactive sesssion to the nexthop host. I want a solution to copy files bangpath-style using scp via multiple hops without the need to install uucp on any of those machines. I don't have the (legal) rights or the privileges to make permanent changes to the ssh-config. Also, I'm sharing this username and hosts with a lot of other people. I'm willing to hack up my own script, but I wanted to know if anyone knows something which already does it. Minimum-invasive changes to hosts on the bangpath, simple invocation from the client. Edit 2: To give you an impression of how it's properly been done in interactive sessions, have a look at the GXPC clustershell. This is basically a Python-script, which spwans itself over to all remote hosts which have connectivity and where your ssh-key is installed. The great thing about it is, that you can tell "I can reach HostC via HostB via HostA." It just works. I want to have this for scp.

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• AppFabric named cache, what happens if you lose a cache host?

  - by Liam

  I'm getting my head around how app fabric clustering works and there's something I'm not sure about. Given a structure where we have one named cache, with two lead hosts and (say) three cache hosts and high availability turned off and the lead host(s) performing the management role. When one cache host goes down do you loose the data that was on that cache host? In this MSDN article it states: Data on the non-lead hosts would be lost (assuming high availability was not enabled), but the rest of the cluster could continue serving and storing data But I was unsure if redundancy is built into the system. Would you loose x amount of data or would one of the other cache hosts store this data also and pick up the slack?

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• Allow Incoming Responses from Curl On Ubuntu 11.10 - Curl

  - by Daniel Adarve

  I'm trying to get a Curl Response from an outside server, however I noticed I cant neither PING the server in question nor connect to it. I tried disabling the iptables firewall but I had no success. My server is running behind a Cisco Linksys WRTN310N Router with the DD-wrt firmware Installed. In which I already disabled the firewall. Here are my network settings: Ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:26:b9:76:73:6b inet addr:192.168.1.120 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::226:b9ff:fe76:736b/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:49713 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:30987 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:52829022 (52.8 MB) TX bytes:5438223 (5.4 MB) Interrupt:16 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:341 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:341 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:27604 (27.6 KB) TX bytes:27604 (27.6 KB) /etc/resolv.conf nameserver 192.168.1.1 /etc/nsswitch.com passwd: compat group: compat shadow: compat hosts: files dns networks: files protocols: db files services: db files ethers: db files rpc: db files netgroup: nis /etc/host.conf order hosts,bind multi on /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost 127.0.0.1 callcenter # The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts ::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback fe00::0 ip6-localnet ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix ff02::1 ip6-allnodes ff02::2 ip6-allrouters /etc/network/interfaces # The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback # The primary network interface auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.1.120 netmask 255.255.255.0 network 192.168.1.1 broadcast 192.168.1.255 gateway 192.168.1.1 The Url to which im trying to get a connection to is https://www.veripayment.com/integration/index.php When I ping it on terminal heres what I get daniel@callcenter:~$ ping www.veripayment.com PING www.veripayment.com (69.172.200.5) 56(84) bytes of data. --- www.veripayment.com ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 0 received, 100% packet loss, time 1007ms Thanks in Advance

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• WCF - Automatically create ServiceHost for multiple services

  - by Rajesh Pillai

  WCF - Automatically create ServiceHost for multiple services Welcome back readers!  This blog post is about a small tip that may make working with WCF servicehost a bit easier, if you have lots of services and you need to quickly host them for testing. Recently I was encountered a situation where we were faced to create multiple service host quickly for testing.  Here is the code snippet which is pretty self explanatory.  You can put this code in your service host which in this case is  a console application. class Program   {       static void Main(string[] args)       { // Stores all hosts           List<ServiceHost> hosts = new List<ServiceHost>();           try           { // Get the services element from the serviceModel element in the config file               var section = ConfigurationManager.GetSection("system.serviceModel/services") as ServicesSection;               if (section != null)               {                   foreach (ServiceElement element in section.Services)                   { // NOTE : If the assembly is in another namespace, provide a fully qualified name here in the form // <typename, namespace> // For e.g. Business.Services.CustomerService, Business.Services                       var serviceType = Type.GetType(element.Name); // Get the typeName                        var host = new ServiceHost(serviceType);                       hosts.Add(host); // Add to the host collection                       host.Open(); // Open the host                   }               }               Console.ReadLine();           }           catch (Exception e)           {               Console.WriteLine(e.Message);               Console.ReadLine();           }           finally           {               foreach (ServiceHost host in hosts)               {                   if (host.State == CommunicationState.Opened)                   {                       host.Close();                   }                   else                   {                       host.Abort();                   }               }           }       }   } I hope you find this useful.  You can make this as a windows service if required.

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• How to set up VirtualBox Bridged Network on Windows 7 Host?

  - by Tong Wang

  I have virtualbox running on a Windows 2008 server, with a guest running ubuntu 10.04. The ubuntu guest is given a static IP of 192.168.1.4, which also has openssh installed. The guest has bridged network setup, I can ping 192.168.1.4 from any machine in the LAN, the ubuntu guest can also access the LAN. However, when I try to PuTTY into the ubuntu machine, I always get "connection refused". Below are some setup details: ubuntu IP: 192.168.1.4 hosts.allow sshd : 192.168.1.38 hosts.deny ALL : ALL when I the following command, I can see that sshd is listening on port 22: lsof -i tcp:22 Any idea? EDIT: It turned out to be a wrong VirtualBox Bridged Network setup. I give the Ubuntu guest a static IP of 192.168.1.4 (assigned to eth0). Then in the Windows 7 host, in the Network and Sharing Center, there is a new connection named "VirtualBox Host-Only Network" after the bridge is setup, that connection is again given the same static IP of 192.168.1.4. Once I change the "VirtualBox Host-Only Network" to automatically obtain an IP address, it's getting a different IP address of 169.254.249.70(Tentative). And now I can SSH into 192.168.1.4 with no problem, even without touching hosts.allow and hosts.deny. I've also noticed that in the properties windows (see screenshot below) of the "VirtualBox Host-Only Network", the second checkbox, "VirtualBox Bridged Networking Driver" is unchecked. While the same checkbox of the physical NIC (that is bridged to) is checked. So my further question is: is this how VBox bridged networking supposed to be setup? Any rationale behind this? I'd appreciate if someone could provide some explaination on VBox bridged networking setup on Windows host and I'll accept it as an answer.

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• How do I make a subdomain of a subdomain?

  - by joe

  I have a server that hosts mydomain.com. Then I have a server that hosts subdomain1.mydomain.com. On the subdomain1.mydomain.com server, how do I make subdomains? For instance I want to create subdomain2.subdomain1.mydomain.com I have my subdomain1.mydomain.com site in /home/USER/public_html and it is working just fine. But When I try to create subdomain2.subdomain1.mydomain.com, it says Server not found in the browser. I have tried so many configurations in my /etc/hosts and /etc/apache2/sites-available/subdomain2.subdomain1.mydomain.com, without any luck Can I get some detailed instructions maybe? I have looked everywhere and every place tells you different, with no luck. Ubuntu Server 11.10 w/ the Lamp Stack option

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• virtual host not working in windows7 xampp

  - by K.B Panamaldeniya-littletipz

  hi i am using windows7 and xampp , i want to create a virtual host . so i added 127.0.0.1 myawesomeproject to my C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts like this # Copyright (c) 1993-2009 Microsoft Corp. # # This is a sample HOSTS file used by Microsoft TCP/IP for Windows. # # This file contains the mappings of IP addresses to host names. Each # entry should be kept on an individual line. The IP address should # be placed in the first column followed by the corresponding host name. # The IP address and the host name should be separated by at least one # space. # # Additionally, comments (such as these) may be inserted on individual # lines or following the machine name denoted by a '#' symbol. # # For example: # # 102.54.94.97 rhino.acme.com # source server # 38.25.63.10 x.acme.com # x client host # localhost name resolution is handled within DNS itself. 127.0.0.1 localhost 127.0.0.1 myawesomeproject ::1 localhost and i added some lines to C:\xampp\apache\conf\extra\httpd-vhosts.conf like this # # Virtual Hosts # # If you want to maintain multiple domains/hostnames on your # machine you can setup VirtualHost containers for them. Most configurations # use only name-based virtual hosts so the server doesn't need to worry about # IP addresses. This is indicated by the asterisks in the directives below. # # Please see the documentation at # <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.2/vhosts/> # for further details before you try to setup virtual hosts. # # You may use the command line option '-S' to verify your virtual host # configuration. # # Use name-based virtual hosting. # NameVirtualHost *:80 # # VirtualHost example: # Almost any Apache directive may go into a VirtualHost container. # The first VirtualHost section is used for all requests that do not # match a ServerName or ServerAlias in any <VirtualHost> block. # ##<VirtualHost *:80> ##ServerAdmin [email protected] ##DocumentRoot "C:/xampp/htdocs/dummy-host.localhost" ##ServerName dummy-host.localhost ##ServerAlias www.dummy-host.localhost ##ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host.localhost-error.log" ##CustomLog "logs/dummy-host.localhost-access.log" combined ##</VirtualHost> ##<VirtualHost *:80> ##ServerAdmin [email protected] ##DocumentRoot "C:/xampp/htdocs/dummy-host2.localhost" ##ServerName dummy-host2.localhost ##ServerAlias www.dummy-host2.localhost ##ErrorLog "logs/dummy-host2.localhost-error.log" ##CustomLog "logs/dummy-host2.localhost-access.log" combined ##</VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *> DocumentRoot "C:\xampp\htdocs" ServerName localhost </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *> <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot c:\myawesomeproject ServerName localhost <Directory "c:\myawesomeproject"> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> i created a folder called myawesomeproject in my c drive . when i type http://myawesomeproject it is rederecting to http://myawesomeproject/xampp i added another folder 'test' inside myawesomeproject . so the path to 'test' is C:/myawesomeproject/test . the problem is when i type http://myawesomeproject/test it gives an error. it says Object not found! The requested URL was not found on this server. If you entered the URL manually please check your spelling and try again. If you think this is a server error, please contact the webmaster. Error 404 myawesomeproject 8/22/2011 4:30:29 PM Apache/2.2.17 (Win32) mod_ssl/2.2.17 OpenSSL/0.9.8o PHP/5.3.4 mod_perl/2.0.4 Perl/v5.10.1 why is this . how can i create a virtual host........................ :(

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• Usng Rails ActiveRecord relationships

  - by Brian Goff

  I'm a newbie programmer, been doing shell scripting for years but have recently taken on OOP programming using Ruby and am creating a Rails application. I'm having a hard time getting my head wrapped around how to use my defined model relationships. I've tried searching Google, but all I can come up with are basically cheat sheets for what has_many, belongs_to, etc all mean. This stuff is easy to define & understand, especially since I've done a lot of work directly with SQL. What I don't understand is how to actually used those defined relationships. In my case I have 3 models: Locations Hosts Services Relationships (not actual code, just for shortening it): Services belongs_to :hosts Hosts has_many :services belongs_to :locations Locations has_many :hosts In this case I want to be able to display a column from Locations while working with Services. In SQL this is a simple join, but I want to do it the Rails/Ruby way, and also not use SQL in my code or redefine my joins.

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• mac hostname problem

  - by codeshepherd

  my hostname is newton ...when I set "127.0.0.1 Newton" in /etc/hosts .. parallels stops working.. when I set "127.0.0.1 localhost" in /etc/hosts apache installed via ports stops working.. when I add both '"127.0.0.1 localhost", and "127.0.0.1 newton" to hosts file.. parallels network doesnt work

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• python script argument misinterpreted in Hudson Execute Shell step

  - by chz

  When I run my python script in the shell terminal, it works sudo myscript.py --version=22 --base=252 --hosts="{'hostA':[1],'hostB':[22]}" But when I run in Hudson and Jenkins, using Execute Shell step, somehow, the string --hosts="{'hostA':[1],'hostB':[22]}" is interpreted as sudo myscript.py --version=22 --base=252 '--hosts="{'hostA':[1],'hostB':[22]}"' How do we overcome this so that our script would run in Jenkins and Hudson ? Thank you. Sincerely

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• VMware vSphere cluster design for site redundancy

  - by Stefan Radovanovici

  I have a question about the best design for site redudancy when using vSphere clusters. A bit of background info about our situation first though. We are a medium-sized company with two main offices, located in different countries. Our networks are linked by a Layer2 150Mbps leased line which is currently underused. We have a variety of services running for internal use within the company, some on physycal servers and some on existing vSphere clusters. In our department we also run several services (almost all running under various forms of Linux) like NTP, Syslog, jump servers, monitoring servers and so on. We have now the requirement that those servers need to be redundant within each location (which they are not at the moment) and also site redudant (which they are to some extent, the servers are duplicated in the 2nd location with configurations kept in sync via various methods at the application layer). There is no SAN available for us, at least not something that we can use at the moment. Cost is also an issue. While we do have some budget available for this, we can't afford to buy SANs for both locations for example. I looked at the VSA feature and it seems that this could be something for us but I am unsure how to solve the site-redudancy requirement. At the moment for testing purposes I am setting up in a lab a vSphere 5 with VSA on two ESXi hosts. I am currently using the Essentials Plus kit with VSA license, which allows me to build a VSA cluster on up to 3 hosts, together with a vCenter license to manage them. The hosts each have two dual-port network cards and two 600GB drives, running in Raid1. Hardware-wise this will be enough for us to run the all the services we need as VMs and will provide redundandcy within the site. At the moment I see only two option to have site redundancy: build an identical VSA cluter in the second location and keep the various services sync'ed at application layer (database sync, rsync and so on). simply move one of the hosts from the existing cluster to the second location, basically having the VSA cluster span the 150Mbps link between the sites. I would very much prefer the second option but I am unsure how well it'll work, if it can work at all. Technically it should, we can span the needed VLANs across the leased line and have them available in the second location. The advantage would be that we don't need to worry at all about sync'ing databases and the like. But I have the feeling that the bandwidth will not be enough, I have no way of knowing how much traffic will the VSA cluster generate between the hosts. I realize that this will most likely depend on the individual usage of the VMs but still, I have no idea how VSA replicates data between the ESXi hosts. Are these my only options or can my goals be achieved in some other way ? Is there perhaps a way to have some sort of "cold stand by" cluster in the second location where the VMs would be sync'ed once per night from the main location ? The idea is that in case the first site becomes unavailable, we would be able to bring all those VMs online there. We would be ok with the data being 1 day old. Any answers are appreciated. Best regards, Stefan

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• VirtualBox 4.2.14 is now available

  - by user12611829

  The VirtualBox development team has just released version 4.2.14, and it is now available for download. This is a maintenance release for version 4.2 and contains quite a few fixes. Here is the list from the official Changelog. VMM: another TLB invalidation fix for non-present pages VMM: fixed a performance regression (4.2.8 regression; bug #11674) GUI: fixed a crash on shutdown GUI: prevent stuck keys under certain conditions on Windows hosts (bugs #2613, #6171) VRDP: fixed a rare crash on the guest screen resize VRDP: allow to change VRDP parameters (including enabling/disabling the server) if the VM is paused USB: fixed passing through devices on Mac OS X host to a VM with 2 or more virtual CPUs (bug #7462) USB: fixed hang during isochronous transfer with certain devices (4.1 regression; Windows hosts only; bug #11839) USB: properly handle orphaned URBs (bug #11207) BIOS: fixed function for returning the PCI interrupt routing table (fixes NetWare 6.x guests) BIOS: don't use the ENTER / LEAVE instructions in the BIOS as these don't work in the real mode as set up by certain guests (e.g. Plan 9 and QNX 4) DMI: allow to configure DmiChassisType (bug #11832) Storage: fixed lost writes if iSCSI is used with snapshots and asynchronous I/O (bug #11479) Storage: fixed accessing certain VHDX images created by Windows 8 (bug #11502) Storage: fixed hang when creating a snapshot using Parallels disk images (bug #9617) 3D: seamless + 3D fixes (bug #11723) 3D: version 4.2.12 was not able to read saved states of older versions under certain conditions (bug #11718) Main/Properties: don't create a guest property for non-running VMs if the property does not exist and is about to be removed (bug #11765) Main/Properties: don't forget to make new guest properties persistent after the VM was terminated (bug #11719) Main/Display: don't lose seamless regions during screen resize Main/OVF: don't crash during import if the client forgot to call Appliance::interpret() (bug #10845) Main/OVF: don't create invalid appliances by stripping the file name if the VM name is very long (bug #11814) Main/OVF: don't fail if the appliance contains multiple file references (bug #10689) Main/Metrics: fixed Solaris file descriptor leak Settings: limit depth of snapshot tree to 250 levels, as more will lead to decreased performance and may trigger crashes VBoxManage: fixed setting the parent UUID on diff images using sethdparentuuid Linux hosts: work around for not crashing as a result of automatic NUMA balancing which was introduced in Linux 3.8 (bug #11610) Windows installer: force the installation of the public certificate in background (i.e. completely prevent user interaction) if the --silent command line option is specified Windows Additions: fixed problems with partial install in the unattended case Windows Additions: fixed display glitch with the Start button in seamless mode for some themes Windows Additions: Seamless mode and auto-resize fixes Windows Additions: fixed trying to to retrieve new auto-logon credentials if current ones were not processed yet Windows Additions installer: added the /with_wddm switch to select the experimental WDDM driver by default Linux Additions: fixed setting own timed out and aborted texts in information label of the lightdm greeter Linux Additions: fixed compilation against Linux 3.2.0 Ubuntu kernels (4.2.12 regression as a side effect of the Debian kernel build fix; bug #11709) X11 Additions: reduced the CPU load of VBoxClient in drag'and'drop mode OS/2 Additions: made the mouse wheel work (bug #6793) Guest Additions: fixed problems copying and pasting between two guests on an X11 host (bug #11792) The full changelog can be found here. You can download binaries for Solaris, Linux, Windows and MacOS hosts at http://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads Technocrati Tags: Oracle Virtualization VirtualBox

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• June 23, 1983: First Successful Test of the Domain Name System [Geek History]

  - by Jason Fitzpatrick

  Nearly 30 years ago the first Domain Name System (DNS) was tested and it changed the way we interacted with the internet. Nearly impossible to remember number addresses became easy to remember names. Without DNS you’d be browsing a web where numbered addresses pointed to numbered addresses. Google, for example, would look like http://209.85.148.105/ in your browser window. That’s assuming, of course, that a numbers-based web every gained enough traction to be popular enough to spawn a search giant like Google. How did this shift occur and what did we have before DNS? From Wikipedia: The practice of using a name as a simpler, more memorable abstraction of a host’s numerical address on a network dates back to the ARPANET era. Before the DNS was invented in 1983, each computer on the network retrieved a file called HOSTS.TXT from a computer at SRI. The HOSTS.TXT file mapped names to numerical addresses. A hosts file still exists on most modern operating systems by default and generally contains a mapping of the IP address 127.0.0.1 to “localhost”. Many operating systems use name resolution logic that allows the administrator to configure selection priorities for available name resolution methods. The rapid growth of the network made a centrally maintained, hand-crafted HOSTS.TXT file unsustainable; it became necessary to implement a more scalable system capable of automatically disseminating the requisite information. At the request of Jon Postel, Paul Mockapetris invented the Domain Name System in 1983 and wrote the first implementation. The original specifications were published by the Internet Engineering Task Force in RFC 882 and RFC 883, which were superseded in November 1987 by RFC 1034 and RFC 1035.Several additional Request for Comments have proposed various extensions to the core DNS protocols. Over the years it has been refined but the core of the system is essentially the same. When you type “google.com” into your web browser a DNS server is used to resolve that host name to the IP address of 209.85.148.105–making the web human-friendly in the process. Domain Name System History [Wikipedia via Wired] What is a Histogram, and How Can I Use it to Improve My Photos?How To Easily Access Your Home Network From Anywhere With DDNSHow To Recover After Your Email Password Is Compromised

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• sudo: unable to resolve host ubuntu-server

  - by Manfred Van de Waarsenburg

  I have a problem with sudo. Every time when I trying to use sudo I got this problem: sudo: unable to resolve host ubuntu-server My /etc/hosts file: 127.0.0.1 localhost 127.0.1.1 ubuntu-server # The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts ::1 ip6-localhost ip6-loopback fe00::0 ip6-localnet ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix ff02::1 ip6-allnodes FF02::2 ip6-allrouters /etc/hostname gives: ubuntu-server I think there is some other setting that causes the unable to resole host, but I cannot find these.

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• Connecting multiple ColdFusion 10 instances to a single Apache 2.2 server

  - by Adam Cameron

  This is on Windows 7 Home Premium edition. I have got two ColdFusion 10 (updater 2) instances: "cfusion" (the default one), and "scratch". I have got a single instance of Apache 2.2 running. Within Apache, I have set up two virtual hosts, each of which needs to be served by a different ColdFusion instance. Each of the CF instances serves files fine via Tomcat's internal web server. Apache serves vanilla HTML files fine too. So both CF instances, and both virtual hosts separately work OK. I can get wsconfig.exe to connect either one of the CF instances to the Apache server, and serve CF files via Apache & that instance. However I cannot find a way of connecting the second CF instance to Apache as well, so that both CF instances are conected, each serving one of the virtual hosts. WSConfig doesn't seem to understand the notion of "multiple CF instances", and the changes it makes to the httpd.conf (via mod_jk.conf) does not seem to be implemented in such a way as to accommodate multiple CF instances talking to a single Apache instance, or multiple virtual hosts. I freely admit to not being confident enough with how mod_jk (or even really httpd.conf) works to be able to guess if I can change stuff to make it work. If I try to add the second CF instance using WSConfig, I just get a message "the web server is already configured for ColdFusion". Be that as it may... not the instance of ColdFusion I want to connect it to! If I remove the existing connector to whichever instance is already connected, I can then connect the other one no problems. Not that this helps, but it demonstrates that the CF instance can connect to Apache. This all used to be fairly straight fwd under older versions of CF and JRun :-( The only docs I have found are on the "Connect multiple Apache virtual hosts on a web server to a single ColdFusion server" page, but that specifically only deals with a single CF instance. There is no equivalent page for multiple CF instances. I'm kinda hoping I can move some of the mod_jk config into my virtual host entries in httpd-vhosts.conf (this is how it used to work for JRun), but I've no idea what to put where. I think I've covered all the necessary info here? If not, sing out and I'll add more. Thanks. PS: tried to specifically tag this as "ColdFusion-10" as the answer will be different from previous CF versions, but it won't let me cos my rep on this site is too low (odd how it doesn't consider my rep from other S/O sites...). If someone with sufficient rep can add it, that'd be cool: it's probably a valid tag to have. Ta.

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• Linux bonded Interfaces hanging periodically

  - by David

  I've several hosts that are showing problems with connectivity. When working from the command line, for example, typing is frozen for a second or so, then recovers - then it does it again. The most egregious example host would freeze (input) for 15-30 seconds, then recover and go out 5 seconds later. Switching cables didn't do anything - but removing one of the physical cables caused everything to clear up instantly (which why I think this is a network problem). Looking at the network I couldn't see any packets floating that would explain this. These ethernet interfaces (Gigabit Dell) were working normally previously, but since we moved the systems - and put them on a new set of switches - this has been a problem on multiple theoretically identically-configured hosts. The original switches were an HP Procurve 1810-24G and an HP Procurve 1800-24G connected with LLDP; the new switches are both Cisco SG 200-26, which I understand are rebranded Linksys switches. Is this caused by a problem with the switches? Is it the switch configurations? Are the Cisco switches incapable of handling this? I don't see where the configuration is located; I searched the usual /etc/sysconfig/network/devices but there's nothing in there about options (like mii polling) and nothing about the method of balancing the two. Searching scripts, I can't find anything in /etc/init.d/network either. The hosts are almost all Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.x systems (5.6, 5.7) but some are Ubuntu Server 10.04.3 Lucid Lynx. I need help with both if it comes to that. UPDATE: We're also seeing some problems with servers on the original switches. The HP switches and the Cisco switches are also interconnected (temporarily); there is a cable run from one switch to the next. Pings on any of these hosts show about one ICMP packet out of every 5-6 getting dropped (timed out). Could there be an interaction between the two switches? Oh, and the hosts are using bonding with Balance-RR as the method.

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• All internet requests in Windows time out

  - by Brandon

  So, I've run into a very strange problem with my home wireless network. Previously, at seemingly random times, the router seemed to disconnect all wireless hosts and cause all of the wired hosts to have a "limited connection" according to windows. In order to fix this, I had to unplug all of the wired hosts from the router, unplug the modem from the router, and power cycle the router. This seemed to solve the problem for a while until the exact same thing happened a day later and I had to go through the same process again. That's where I noticed something weird happening. There was one wireless host (a Windows Vista laptop) that seemed to be causing the router to disconnect the other hosts whenever it connected. When this happened, only that laptop was able to use the wireless from the router. When this happened, I disconnected it from the wireless (by disabling the wireless adapter) then reconnected it (by re-enabling it) and now it, like the other hosts, couldn't connect. I've never really seen anything this strange happen on our network before. So, I restored the router to factory settings and the problem seems to have vanished except one crucial problem. There's another host (a Windows 7 laptop) that was perfectly able to connect before all of the router issues and even in between the crashing and power-cycling events but now says its connected and says it's able to reach the Internet, but all requests time out. In any browser I've tried, the tab says connecting to [site]... for a solid minute and then tells me the request timed out. When I try to ping google.com in cmd it also says request timed out. In frustration, I booted into a dual-boot Ubuntu installation on the Windows 7 host and the connection works fine, to my surprise, as ubuntu is where I am now typing this rather long question. I haven't looked through the event log in windows but will post anything I find in an edit I haven't tried connecting (in Windows 7) to any other wireless network, since The fact that it works in Ubuntu suggests its Windows and not the router but I didn't change any wireless settings in windows before it being able to reach the Internet and not. Does anyone have any clue what could have happened. I opened to buying another router as this one is almost a year old :) but I would like to know whats going on here. Thanks in Advance! P.S. Sorry for how long my question is, I'm a little anxious (:

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• Setting up Apache 2.2 + FastCGI + SuExec + PHP-FPM on Centos 6

  - by mr1031011

  I'm trying to follow this very detailed instruction here, I simply changed from www-data user to apache user, and is using /var/www/hosts/sitename/public_html instead of /home/user/public_html However, I spent the whole day trying to figure out why the php file content is displayed without being parsed correctly. I just cant's seem to figure this out. Below is my current config: /etc/httpd/conf.d/fastcgi.conf User apache Group apache LoadModule fastcgi_module modules/mod_fastcgi.so # dir for IPC socket files FastCgiIpcDir /var/run/mod_fastcgi # wrap all fastcgi script calls in suexec FastCgiWrapper On # global FastCgiConfig can be overridden by FastCgiServer options in vhost config FastCgiConfig -idle-timeout 20 -maxClassProcesses 1 # sample PHP config # see /usr/share/doc/mod_fastcgi-2.4.6 for php-wrapper script # don't forget to disable mod_php in /etc/httpd/conf.d/php.conf! # # to enable privilege separation, add a "SuexecUserGroup" directive # and chown the php-wrapper script and parent directory accordingly # see also http://www.brandonturner.net/blog/2009/07/fastcgi_with_php_opcode_cache/ # FastCgiServer /var/www/www-data/php5-fcgi #AddType application/x-httpd-php .php AddHandler php-fcgi .php Action php-fcgi /fcgi-bin/php5-fcgi Alias /fcgi-bin/ /var/www/www-data/ #FastCgiExternalServer /usr/lib/cgi-bin/php5-fcgi -socket /tmp/php5-fpm.sock -pass-header Authorization #DirectoryIndex index.php # <Location /fcgi-bin/> # Order Deny,Allow # Deny from All # Allow from env=REDIRECT_STATUS SetHandler fcgid-script Options +ExecCGI </Location> /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost.conf <VirtualHost> DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.shtml index.cgi SuexecUserGroup www.mysite.com mygroup Alias /fcgi-bin/ /var/www/www-data/www.mysite.com/ DocumentRoot /var/www/hosts/mysite.com/w/w/w/www/ <Directory /var/www/hosts/mysite.com/w/w/w/www/> Options -Indexes FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> PS: 1. Also, with PHP5.5, do I even need FPM or is it already included? 2. I'm using mod_fastcgi, not sure if this is the problem and it I should switch to mod_fcgid? There seems to be conflicting records on the internet considering which one is better. I have many virtual hosts running on the machine and hope to be able to provide each user with their own opcache

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• Ubuntu 12.04 cloud edition on Amazon - Apache2 - /etc

  - by jdog

  I have setup a web server on Amazon with 3 Virtual hosts. For some reason I can't get any of the sites going on it, they all show a 404 error. /var/log/apache2/error.log shows "File does not exist: /etc/apache2/htdocs" I have checked: a2ensite all my virtual hosts actually checked softlinks in sites-enabled access rights in /var/www to 777, in case user is not www-data grep -r htdocs /etc/apache2 (returns nothing) ports.conf has NameVirtualHost directive exactly matching Virtual Hosts What else could this be? ports.conf # If you just change the port or add more ports here, you will likely also # have to change the VirtualHost statement in # /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default # This is also true if you have upgraded from before 2.2.9-3 (i.e. from # Debian etch). See /usr/share/doc/apache2.2-common/NEWS.Debian.gz and # README.Debian.gz NameVirtualHost 107.20.169.163:80 Listen 80 <IfModule mod_ssl.c> # If you add NameVirtualHost *:443 here, you will also have to change # the VirtualHost statement in /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl # to <VirtualHost *:443> # Server Name Indication for SSL named virtual hosts is currently not # supported by MSIE on Windows XP. Listen 443 </IfModule> <IfModule mod_gnutls.c> Listen 443 </IfModule> sites-available/www.seleconlight.com <VirtualHost 107.20.169.163:80> ServerName www.seleconlight.com DocumentRoot /var/www/www.seleconlight.com CustomLog /var/log/apache2/www.seleconlight.com-access.log combined ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/www.seleconlight.com-error.log </VirtualHost>

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