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• Rejecting new HTTP requests when server reaches a certain throughput

  - by Sam

  I have a requirement to run an HTTP server that rejects new HTTP requests (with a 503, or similar) when the global transfer rate of current HTTP responses exceeds a certain level. For example, if the web server is transferring at 98Mbps, and a new HTTP request arrives, we would want to reject this (as we couldn't guarantee a good speed). I've had a look at mod_cband for Apache, limit_req for nginx, and lighttpd's rate limiting features, but none of them seem to handle my (rather contrived, granted) use case. I should add that I'm open to using pretty much any web server, and am open to implementing this in iptables rules if someone can craft such a rule! (Refusing the TCP connection is fine, it doesn't have to respond with an HTTP 503). Any suggestions?

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• sys.dm_exec_query_stats interaction with recompilation

  - by Sam Saffron

  We use sys.dm_exec_query_stats to track down slow queries and queries that are IO offenders. This works great, we get a lot of very insightful stats. It is clear this is not as accurate as running a profiler trace, as you have no idea when SQL Server will decide to chuck out a an execution plan. We have quite a few queries where the wrong execution plan is cached. For example queries like the following: SELECT TOP 30 a.Id FROM Posts a JOIN Posts q ON q.Id = a.ParentId JOIN PostTags pt ON q.Id = pt.PostId WHERE a.PostTypeId = 2 AND a.DeletionDate IS NULL AND a.CommunityOwnedDate IS NULL AND a.CreationDate @date AND LEN(a.Body) 300 AND pt.Tag = @tag AND a.Score 0 ORDER BY a.Score DESC The problem is that the ideal plan really depends on the date selected (screenshot of ideal plan): However if the wrong plan is cached, it totally chokes when the date range is big: (notice the big fat lines) To overcome this we were recommended to use either OPTION (OPTIMIZE FOR UNKNOWN) or OPTION (RECOMPILE) OPTIMIZE FOR UNKNOWN results in a slightly better plan, which is far from optimal. Executions are tracked in sys.dm_exec_query_stats. RECOMPILE results in the best plan being chosen, however no execution counts and stats are tracked in sys.dm_exec_query_stats. Is there another DMV we could use to track stats on queries with OPTION (RECOMPILE)? Is this behavior by-design? Is there another way we can for recompilation while keeping stats tracked in sys.dm_exec_query_stats? Note: the framework will always execute parameterized queries using sp_executesql

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• Multiple users writing to one Samba mount point in OSX

  - by Sam

  I have an OSX box containing a script which writes a unique file to a Samba share. The first part of the script mounts the share. On the machine are 2 users- UserA and UserB. Each requires to run this script at any given time however only the user who mounted the share is able to write to it. I really need both users to have rwx access. Here is what I have tried: Mounting then chmod'ing the mountpoint (no effect- overruled by Samba server?) chmod'ing the mountpoint then mounting (same as above) sudo mount_smbfs Both users have admin privileges. Ideally a solution would be executable by one of the users (contained in the script) and not rely on mounting at machine boot time. Any ideas appreciated, thanks!

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• Is it possible to use Linux to route between my office (which uses IPSec) and home network?

  - by Sam

  First of all, apologies if this seems vague - I'm not an admin of anything more than a home network. I have a Ubuntu box sitting on my network which does various odd tasks for me - svn serving, some file serving, Apache/MySQL/PHP which is all raring to go. I've started a new job and at the moment I'm using ShrewSoft VPN software to establish a VPN link to the office as I need it. I'd prefer to have something always running on my home network just for convenience. My home modem/router doesn't support holding a VPN connection open. What I would like to do is set up my Linux box to hold open a VPN connection to my office and keep it open permanently, and then all applicable traffic for the office be routed through this box. I'm not sure if this is possible, or how to configure the routing on the desktop PCs (Windows 7). Would appreciate any guides, etc that could help me out.

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• Blackberry Access to Powered Down Exchange

  - by Sam Cogan

  I work with a company (it's more of a charity really) who have a single Exchange Server, with a few Blackberry users, who download emails via POP3 or IMAP. They are in a developing country and so every night they turn off the Exchange server to save power. However, they now want the Blackberry users to be able to get mail at night. They have a Linux server (a rented VPS), so they are considering having the mail delivered here and then pulling this mail via a POP connector into Exchange. Therefore at night, the BES users (who will now be pulling their POP email from the Linux server) can still get their mail. Can anyone think of a better solution to this problem that I may have missed? Unfortunately there is no convincing the company to leave the machine on overnight.

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• Excel chart won't update, based on calculated cells

  - by sam SJL

  I have an Excel document (2007) with a chart (Clustered Column) that gets its Data Series from cells containing calculated values The calculated values never change directly, but only as a result of other cells in the sheet changing When I change other cells in the sheet, the Data Series cells are recalculated, and show new values - but the Chart based on this Data Series refuses to update automatically I can get the Chart to update by saving/closing, or toggling one of the settings (such as reversing x/y axis and then putting it back), or by re-selecting the Data Series Every solution I have found online doesn't work - I have Calculation set to automatic - Ctrl+Alt+F9 updates everything fine, EXCEPT the chart - I have recreated the chart several times, and on different computers - I have tried VBA scripts like: Application.Calculate Application.CalculateFull Application.CalculateFullRebuild ActiveWorkbook.RefreshAll DoEvents None of these update or refresh the chart I do notice that if I type over my Data Series, actual numbers instead of calculations, it will update the chart - it's as if Excel doesn't want to recognize changes in the calculations Has anyone experienced this before or know what I might do to fix the problem? Thank you

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• External HDD incorrectly detected as internal - how change to enable hot swap/eject?

  - by Sam

  I have win 7 x64 Home Prem. The HDD is a seagate barracuda, 7200.7 ST3120827AS. 3.5", Serial: 3ms006n6, Firmware: 3.42 (no further updates) NexStar CX External case (drivers installed). I have three drives: WD320 with OS installed WD750 data storage (internal) seagate 120 (external) - connected via esata board connected to sata on motherboard (MSI p43 neo) Tried uninstalling HDD in device manager to no effect. Also the internal WD750 is detected as an external drive and win taskbar icon allows for it to be ejected (unlike the seagate). All drives are configured - Online, Simple, Basic, NTFS, Active, Primary Partition (except c drive). The seagate was previously used as a primary disk with XP operating system so I deleted the volume and created/reformatted (not quick). HDD is no longer "Active". But did not fix problem. Background Originally, I installed win 7 with the bios set to IDE and forgot to install the chipset drivers. Then I changed win 7 to install the AHCI drivers, changed the bios to AHCI and rebooted. Win 7 loaded drivers but WD HDD gave problems/crashed. I installed chipset drivers and latest intell storage matrix software thingie (in safe mode). Everything worked fine after that except for the problem of not corrrectly detecting the external drive] I have noticed that under the driver properties (and similarly in the registry) the two drives are configured differently (e.g. in driver details property capabilities for the WD the value is set to 0000006, CM_DEVCAP_REMOVABLE & EJECTSUPPORTED - whereas the seagate shows 0000080 & CM_DEVCAP_SURPRISEREMOVALOK). Any easy way to configure things? I tried physically swapping the sata connections on the mainboard without success So far I have found that a solution to my problem might be to perform some reg changes: How do I remove the option to eject SATA drives from the Windows 7 tray icon?

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• HAProxy and Intermediate SSL Certificate Issue

  - by Sam K

  We are currently experiencing an issue with verifying a Comodo SSL certificate on an Ubuntu AWS cluster. Browsers are displaying the site/content fine and showing all the relevant certificate information (at least, all the ones we've checked), but certain network proxies and the online SSL checkers are showing we have an incomplete chain. We have tried the following to try to resolve this: Upgraded haproxy to the latest 1.5.3 Created a concatenated ".pem" file containing all the certificate (site, intermediate, w/ and w/out root) Added an explicit "ca-file" attribute to the "bind" line in our haproxy.cfg file. The ".pem" file verifies OK using openssl. The various intermediate and root certificates are installed and showing in /etc/ssl/certs. But the checks still come back with an incomplete chain. Can anyone advise about anything else we can check or any other changes we can make to try to fix this? Many thanks in advance... UPDATE: The only relevant line from the haproxy.cfg (I believe), is this one: bind *:443 ssl crt /etc/ssl/domainaname.com.pem

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• Nagios remote monitoring: NRPE Vs. SSH

  - by sam

  We use Nagios to monitor quite a few (~130) servers. We monitor CPU, Disk, RAM and a few other things on each server. I've always used SSH to run the remote commands, purely because it requires little to no additional config on the remote server, just install nagios-plugins, create the nagios user and add the SSH key, all of which I've automated into a shell script. I've never actually considered the performance implications of using SSH over NRPE. I'm not too bothered about the load hit on the Nagios server (It's probably over-speced for what it does, it's never been over 10% CPU), but we run each remote check every 30 seconds and each server has 5 different checks performed. I assume SSH requires more resources for each check but is there a huge difference? (I.E. enough of a difference to warrant the switch to NRPE). If it's any help, we monitor a mix of physical servers (Normally with 8, 12 or 16 physical cores) and Amazon EC2 medium/large instances.

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• linux intrusion detection software

  - by Sam Hammamy

  I have an Ubuntu VPS that I use for practice and deploying prototypes as I am a python developer. I recently started teaching my self sys admin tasks, like installing OpenLDAP. I happened to turn off the ufw firewall for just a minute, and when I ran an netstat command, I saw a foreign ip connected to ssh that I traced to china. I'd like to know a few things: 1) Is there any good network intrusion detection software, such that if any IP that's outside a specific range connects to the VPN, I can be notified? -- I am thinking about scripting this, but I'm pretty sure there's something useful out there and I believe in the wisdom of crowds. 2) How did this person gain access to my server? Is it because my firewall was down? Or is it because they browsed my LDAP directory and from there figured out a way to connect (there was a clear text password in the tree but it wasn't one used by the server's sshd)?

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• Why is Windows 7 so slow to log-on when my Wireless USB dongle is plugged in?

  - by Sam

  I'm using an Edimax Wireless USB dongle (model EW-7711UTN) on Windows 7 64-bit. The dongle works brilliantly (it was truly plug-and-play) except for one thing. I've noticed that if the dongle is plugged in whilst I'm logging on to Windows it introduces a massive delay - after I type in my password and hit enter, Windows shows the "Welcome" screen, then the screen goes black for 2 minutes or so (with just the cursor showing) before finally displaying my desktop. If I unplug the dongle before I enter my password, Windows goes straight to my desktop. Even though the dongle didn't appear to need drivers for Windows 7, I did try downloading the latest ones from the Edimax website, but that made no difference.

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• Open file in local text editor from within an SSH connection

  - by Sam

  I'm not a vim guy. I'd like to be able to open log files in Sublime Text when in an SSH connection from within Terminal. Is there a way I could do this? I'm thinking there must be a command or something that could copy the file over to a temporary directory in OS X and then open it in Sublime Text, and when I save it, it'll copy back to the original location through SSH; similar to how FileZilla does it. I'm on Mac OS X MT. The server I SSH into is running Ubuntu. I'm using Terminal.

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• How can I prepare a TortoiseSVN installer to use the serf HTTP library instead of neon?

  - by Sam Johnson

  I'm going to be distributing instructions on how to access our new Subversion repository with TortoiseSVN. Because it's hosted on Windows, and we have some large files in the repository, we have to use the Serf HTTP library instead of neon. This is normally specified by manually editing the Subversion "servers" file on the client machine and adding the line http-library=serf Is there a way I can customize the TortoiseSVN installer to do this automatically? I'm just trying to get it up and running as easy as possible for our new SVN users.

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• Where is the used memory in Task Manager & Resource Monitor coming from?

  - by Sam Adams

  On a Windows 7, the working set memory usage plus private memory does not add up to the total used memory in Task Manager and Windows 7 Resource Monitor. How do you find out where the used memory is coming from? The cached memory can't be part of it because sometimes the total cache is greater than the total in use. The commit memory plus the working set also doesn't add up to the total in use - but even that shouldn't be significant if it did, since commit is virtual.

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• Is it possible to install a bootable version of Windows 7 onto a flash stick?

  - by sam

  I'm thinking of changing to a new laptop that only comes with a 256gb SSD. It's not tons of room, but not inadequate either. One thing I have on my HD at the moment that takes up a lot of room but is rarely used is a partition with a bootable version of Windows 7 (I'm on a mac). Would it be possible to install a bootable copy of Windows 7 onto a flash drive? I was thinking of using a 64gb Sandisk Cruzer USB 2.0, so that when I need to dip into Windows every now and again I could just plug in the flash drive.

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• How to fix high Load_Cycle_Count laptop drive (TOSHIBA MK6006GAH in Vaio TX1XP)?

  - by Sam Brightman

  Hoping someone knows exactly what's going on here. It seems this drive has some combination of aggressive power saving settings and Ubuntu defaults that has massively increased the Load_Cycle_Count for the drive: https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DanielHahler/Bug59695 So the drive is now so slow that it cannot boot because it takes long enough to access the data that the kernel will not recognise it properly. I'm not worried about the data on the drive, but would really like to keep the laptop functioning. There is some indication that this is possible because the figure is still low 200,000s and most drives supposedly go to 600,000. Additionally, SMART tests pass and consider the drive healthy and without errors. But the really surprising thing was when I ran mhdd... Every single read came up red (slow) until I pressed 'R' for reset drive. I noticed the next read was normal speed, so held down 'R'. Magically the drive read perfectly for as long as I held the key BUT resumed slow (and noisy) seeking/reading after releasing. I don't think the source code to mhdd is available, so I'm not exactly sure what this means (besides, I don't know enough low-level HDD stuff either). It seems like the drive should be able to work, but is stuck trying to power save or something. There are no BIOS options on the laptop. Does anyone know how I can stop the drive from doing extremely slow/noisy operations like this? Or is constantly resetting the drive also damanging, and only causing it to work well by luck (i.e. not a suggestion that it's fixable)?

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• Would requiring .Net 4.0 act as a bar to adopting our software in a corporate environment?

  - by Sam

  We are developing a software product in .Net targeting large corporates. The product has both server and desktop client components. We anticipate that our product will be used by a small subset of workers in the corporation - probably those in the Finance function. We currently require .Net 3.5 but are considering moving to .Net 4. Could anyone with experience of managing IT in such an environment tell us whether requiring .Net 4.0 at this stage would be a bar to adopting our software? What attitudes prevail regarding the use of frameworks like .Net?

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• wireless dropping out

  - by Sam

  My wireless network connection is dropping out and its driving me nuts. It is weird because it happens at totally random intervals and other devices work while my computer has been dropped. Both my USB dongle and wifi card randomly disconnect from the router and I am unable to connect for a couple of minutes. It is especially irritating because two different adapters are failing at the same time, sounds like a software problem to me, but where? Both my laptop and iPod remain connected when the connection drops. What on earth is happening? I doubt its the router because the other devices would disconnect as well.

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• Grub rescue, unknown file system. Can't boot into Windows 7

  - by Sam J

  So, I'm confused, so I'm also going to use this question to get clarification and fix my computer. So, some background: I had Windows 7 on a 1 TB HDD and decided to partition my hard drive into two ~500 GB, one for Windows 7 and one for Ubuntu or whatever flavour I desired (like a sandbox partition...) I installed Ubuntu but the installation had issues so I decided to uninstall. Note before uninstallation I had to press f12 when I turned on to boot from my primary HDD, then choose what OS I wanted to use. Undesirable, but it worked. Anyway, after I decided to uninstall Ubuntu I went into Windows 7 Start Computer Manage and deleted the EXT4 filesystem (Ubuntu parition) giving me 4xx GB of free space. However when I restarted Windows 7, I am now unable to boot Windows. When I DON'T hit f12, I see a blank screen with a flashing underscore. When I DO hit f12, I choose my primary HDD, and then I get a GRUB error: Unknown filesystem: grub rescue _ Something I'm unclear of: GRUB boots linux partitions, right? What boots Windows? Is GRUB "overwriting" the Windows bootloader? How can I completely get Windows back to normal? (IE, It boots automatically without hitting f12.) Thanks for any help, I'm on a live CD version of Ubuntu right now until I can get back on Windows.

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• Can't mount hard drive. Ubuntu 12.04

  - by Sam

  I am trying to recover some pictures on my 320 GB Hard Disk, so I put in a Live Ubuntu CD and am in that right now. In the devices list, it shows my USB drive, but not my 320 GB Hard Disk. I can see the disk in Disk Utility (it says it's on /dev/sda), but it's not mounted, and it says it has a few bad sectors but it is OK. In Disk Usage Analyzer, it says my maximum capacity is 13.4 GB, so it's definitely not using the 320 GB Hard Disk. I tried the following: sudo mkdir /media/newhd (worked) sudo mount /dev/sda /media/newhd (didn't work. it says I must specify the filesystem type) I then tried: fsck.ext4 -f /dev/sda (didn't work. Said: Superblock invalid, trying to backup blocks. then: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sda. The superblock could not be read or does not describe a correct ext2 filesystem. If the device is valid and it contains an ext2 filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock) Does anyone have any ideas? The whole problem started when my Windows Vista said "Can't find operating system". Any ideas on how I can get on to my hard drive at /dev/sda?

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• Computer powers off then tries to start up but resets repeatedly.

  - by Sam Holder

  My machine has started shutting itself off after a few minutes on, everything goes off. A few seconds (3-5) after everything has stopped the lights come back on, the cpu fan and gfx card come on again. They spin for a second, then everything goes off again. A few seconds later same things happens again, light come back on, fans spin for a few seconds then go off. This repeats seemingly forever. If I leave it for a while I can power the machine back on for a while and it will boot again. It will then stay on for a little while again before power off. Rinse and repeat. Is this likely to be power supply or something else? The machine has been up and running for a couple of years before this.

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• Wireless N extend G range?

  - by Sam

  I've searched all over the internet for an answer to this and I can't find one. If I purchase a wireless N router, with greater range than my current G router will the range of the wireless G signal go as far as the wireless N signal? I say this because Wireless N routers are supposed to be compatible with wireless G devices. Is the wireless G a lesser signal coming out of the router? Sorry if I confused you, I am a little confused myself.

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• nginx php-fpm keeps downloading files

  - by Sam Williams

  vhost: server { listen *:8080; location / { root /var/www/default/pub; index index.php; # if file exists return it right away if (-f $request_filename) { break; } if (!-e $request_filename) { rewrite ^(.+)$ /index.php$1 last; break; } } # serve static files directly location ~* \.(jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js|ico|html)$ { access_log off; expires max; } location ~* \.php$ { # By all means use a different server for the fcgi processes if you need to fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_script_name; include /usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi_params; } location ~ /\.ht { deny all; } } http://192.168.135.128/index.php loads just fine... http://192.168.135.128/public_/html/index.php downloads...

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• what is the best wireless router?

  - by sam

  what is the best wireless router out there? performance compatibility

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• Is there a way of disabled byte-range requests in Apache?

  - by Sam Minnée

  I have a web page with a link to a PDF file (target="_blank"). If I click the link, the PDF reader just shows a grey screen within the Firefox browser. If I copy that link and manually open it in a new tab, the PDF will display correctly, and subsequent requests made by clicking the original link now work, suggesting that the problem occurs when loading the file into the cache. It appears as though the Adobe PDF reader plugin is making byte-range requests (I see lots of 206 responses) and I suspect that this may be the cause of the issue. I am running an Apache webserver. Has anyone had problems with Apache and Adobe's byte-range requests? Are there any workarounds? Perhaps a way of configuring Apache to ignore byte-range requests on PDFs?

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