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• perl hide system output

  - by Chris

  Using perl 5.8.8 on linux, need the output of a perl 'system' command to be hidden. The command in my code is : system("wget", "$url", "-Omy_folder/$date-$target.html", "--user-agent=$useragent"); I've tried using " /dev/null 2&1" in different places in the system command, like this- system("wget", "$url", "-Omy_folder/$date-$target.html", "--user-agent=$useragent"," /dev/null 2&1"); Can anyone help me with where the redirection to /dev/null should be?

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• How to solve package issues/dependencies

  - by Wolfgang Kuehne

  Background info I am trying to install Veins simulation environment by following the tutorial provided by the author. In step 1 it is required to install some packages in Linux, the tutorial suggest this commands to be executed on Terminal: sudo apt-get install build-essential gcc g++ bison flex perl tcl-dev tk-dev blt libxml2-dev zlib1g-dev default-jre doxygen graphviz libwebkitgtk-1.0-0 openmpi-bin libopenmpi-dev libpcap-dev autoconf automake libtool libxerces-c2-dev proj libgdal1-dev libfox-1.6-dev When I execute this command, I immediately get: E: Package 'proj' has no installation candidate Then I remove the proj from the command and execute it again without proj in it, next I get: The following packages have unmet dependencies: libgdal1-dev : Depends: libgdal-dev but it is not going to be installed E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages. So, I remove libgdal1-dev from the command as well. And it executes file, by downloading the remaining packages. To troubleshoot the problem with proj and libdgal1-dev I go to the Synaptic Package Manager. libgdal1-dev I search for libgdal1-dev in Synaptic Package Manager and I get an entry. I Mark for Installation and then Synaptic Package Manager suggests removing libxerces-c2-dev which is actually added via the initial command. Should I trust Synaptic Package Manager with this suggestion, and proceed further? proj What should I do about proj. There are some packages in Synaptic Package Manager such as proj-bin or libproj-dev. Should I install them? I think proj has to do with this and this What should I do to make sure that this simulation tool works fine?

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• CodePlex Daily Summary for Monday, June 07, 2010

  CodePlex Daily Summary for Monday, June 07, 2010New ProjectsAgile Personal Development Methodology: 本项目并不是软件开发项目，它是一个关注个人能力发展的项目，希望通过大家的积极参与和实践，在价值观、原则和最佳实践的基础上不断丰富和完善这些内容。我将主要从生活、工作和个人三个主要方面来指导个人如何快速地提高自己的能力。在工作方面，首先关注的是IT技术人员。 希望本方法论的不断完善，能够对不同阶...Altairis Mail Toolkit: Altairis Mail Toolkit is a component for .NET developers making easy to send templated and localized e-mail messages. Uses standard resource mechan...AmazonPriceTicker: AmazonPriceTicker ist ein kleines ASP.NET-Projekt für unser Studium.CC.Hearts Screen Saver: A complete screensaver that draws pretty hearts. Supports all standard screensaver functionality (preview window, options, multi-monitor). Written...Controle Financeiro com DDD: Projeto para fins de estudo das tencologias: - DDD - TDD - Asp Net MVCDebugWriterTextBox: This is modified TextBox which can catch up Debug.Write() and display log. Also it can write log data to file - all you need is to set up file name!DEIConsultingDev: DEI Consulting DEVEasy Augmented Reality Suite for Silverlight: Easy Augmented Reality Suite for SilverlightEvent Broker: Simple event broker with an hierarchical implementation.fleet It: A WPF Client for Team Space. Developed using WPF and C#. Various URL Shortening services integrated.Gest-Bus: Gest-BusHNV Project: Projects created by Hoàng, Ngọc, VũHotel Management System: Hotel Management System : concerned in making a complete website for a hotel every thing in hotel in just one web application : Finance , managemen...ISEN découverte majeure application mobile: ISEN découverte majeure application mobile contrôle d'un pc par un téléphone portable avec plateforme windows 7 LiveSequence: Based in the sequence diagramming control of Nauman Leghari.NHash: This is a simple project that integrates with Explorer and Computes MD5 and SHA1.NHibernate Sidekick Library: NHibernate Sidekick is a library intended to assist in the development of multi-tiered applications using the NHibernate ORM framework.ScrewTurn ASP.NET Proxy Membership Provider: Plugin for the ScrewTurn Wiki System to use Standard ASP.NET Membership and Role providers.Silverlight SNS: We are going to develop a SNS web application based on Silver lightSilverPoiMap: SilverPoiMap provides interactive searching and management of Points of Interest. It is a Facebook client application which allow you to connect to...Simple Resource Localization Editor: Simple editor that simplifies localization and synchronization of .NET resource files (.resx).SimpleBlog.NET MVC: A very simple blog engine developed in ASP.NET 3.5 MVC2 and C#.Siverlight Project: Hope that everybody continue to develop it.SpaceConquest: Incorporated standard design patterns to build a peer to peer game in Java. The game rules were similar in complexity to games like Civilization an...Yasts: Yasts - Yet Another Space Trading Sim - This is a learning environment project.New ReleasesAgile Personal Development Methodology: 敏捷个人－认识自我，管理自我.pdf: 去年我在blog上写了个人管理系列的一些blog，其中一些文章深受大家的喜欢。想到写这个系列是源于在实施敏捷Scrum方法时，对方法实施是否对人的水平需要高要求的一些思考。自组织团队是建立在敏捷个人之上的，没有个人就没有团队，实施Scrum对人要求不高，但想实施得好，那么对人的要求肯定不低。 ...Altairis Mail Toolkit: 1.0.0 RTM: Initial releaseAndrew's XNA Helpers: Andrew's Xna Helpers V1.1: Currently only supports X86 projects since portions of the code have to be reworked to work with the xbox. I do plan to code it for the 360 though....C#Mail: Higuchi.Mail.dll (2010.6.6 ver): Higuchi.Mail.dll (2010.4.30 ver)Community Forums NNTP bridge: Community Forums NNTP Bridge V31: Release of the Community Forums NNTP Bridge to access the social and anwsers MS forums with a single, open source NNTP bridge. This release has ad...Html Agility Pack: Experimental Xpath Updates: In efforts to update make Html Agility Packs Xpath support to be closer to the System.Xml.Xpath implementation I have updated HAP to have all nodes...imdb movie downloader: myImdb 0.9.2: myImdb 0.9.2 Fully changed...and added some more features.. working with XML movie list... Used Backgroundworker more clever results and guess m...InfoService: InfoService v1.6 - MPE1 or RAR Package: InfoService Release v1.6.0.136 Please read Plugin installation for installation instructions.ISEN découverte majeure application mobile: appli traitement d'image: but : capturer, redimensionner l'image de l'écran d'un pc.Jeremi Stadler: Clipboard Manager: Version 1.0.5.14 It's finally here! I have been working on this one the whole night but it's worth it ;) The program catches clipboard changes an...mesoBoard: mesoBoard 0.9 - Beta: mesoBoard version 0.9 beta Released under the New BSD License. http://mesoboard.codeplex.com/license http://mesoboard.comMiniTwitter: 1.13: MiniTwitter 1.13 変更内容 修正 ダイレクトメッセージの取得に失敗するバグを修正 タイムラインを編集すると落ちるバグを修正 リストのインポートで最初の 20 人しか取得できない問題を修正 追加 URL マウスオーバーでの画像のプレビュー機能を実装MiniTwitter: 1.13.1: MiniTwitter 1.13.1 更新内容 修正 タイムライン追加、編集ダイアログでキャンセルを選ぶと落ちるバグを修正MSTS Editors & Tools: Simis Editor v0.4: Simis Editor v0.4 Open and Save dialogs support full filename filters from BNFs (e.g. "tsection.dat"). Added statusbar and menu help text. Adde...NHibernate Sidekick Library: 0.6.0: v0.6.0 - Initial Release TODONLog - Advanced .NET Logging: Nightly Build 2010.06.06.001: Changes since the last build:2010-06-05 21:50:21 Jarek Kowalski fixed doc for ${document-uri} 2010-06-05 20:21:53 Jarek Kowalski removed Layout re...NQ - Component-oriented Framework: NQ Core 0.90: Main changes in 0.90 release: Introduction of an additional built-in component loader to load component and service information from XML files ins...PhluffyFotos: v4 Windows Azure: This release has been updated to Visual Studio 2010 as well as the latest StorageClient library. Make sure you run the Provision.cmd in order to b...RIA Services Essentials: Book Club Application (June 6, 2010): The initial release of the BookClub application based on the MIX presentation with a few changes: 1. Some bug fixes 2. Added the ability to Like a ...Samurai.Workflow: 1.1 Stable Release: Removed reference to WPF assemblies so non-WPF applications can use the workflow. For WPF apps, the workflow will use reflection to seek out UI thr...SilverPoiMap: SilverPoiMap Beta: Beta VersionSimple Resource Localization Editor: Release 1: First release.Siverlight Project: Auto Arrange Panel Project: Auto Arrange Panel ProjectSmart Voice: Smart Voice 0.2: Changelog: Corrected a few bugsSmart Voice: Smart Voice 0.2.1: Changelog: Fixed a major bug that was slowing the application Added opt in for usage data In order to contribute with user data, please change t...Spider Compiler: Release 0.1: Contains the setup for the spider compiler. This release includes the changeset #66980.Spider Compiler: Release 0.2: This release includes the changeset #67003.The Lounge Repository: Lounge Repo Binary Release: All in one binary download of the Lounge Repository. Improvements: -More tolerant towards schema changes -Bug fixed regarding array normalization ...UrzaGatherer: UrzaGatherer v2.0.1: This release integrate the support of the Full Database Backup.Web/Cloud Applications Development Framework | Visual WebGui: 6.4 beta 3: This is the last beta version before the official release of Visual WebGui, including support for Visual Studio 2010 and it is fully featured with ...WinGet: Alpha 2: This is the second release of WinGet (0.5.0.2). Is is alpha quality not suitable for use in a production environment and it has bugs (see Known Iss...WoW Character Viewer: WoW Viewer: Newly redesigned layout of the original WoW Character Viewer. Faster access, cleaner layout.Most Popular ProjectsCommunity Forums NNTP bridgeASP.NET MVC Time PlannerMoonyDesk (windows desktop widgets)NeatUploadOutSyncFileupload AJAXViperWorks IgnitionAgUnit - Silverlight unit testing with ReSharperSQL Nexus ToolSmith Async .NET Memcached ClientMost Active ProjectsCommunity Forums NNTP bridgepatterns & practices – Enterprise LibraryRawrGMap.NET - Great Maps for Windows Forms & PresentationStyleCopN2 CMSsmark C# LibraryFarseer Physics EngineIonics Isapi Rewrite FilterNB_Store - Free DotNetNuke Ecommerce Catalog Module

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• DENY select on sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats

  - by steveh99999

  Technorati Tags: security,DMV,permission,sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats I recently saw an interesting blog article by Paul Randal about the performance overhead of querying the sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats. So I was thinking, would it be possible to let non-sysadmin users query DMVs on a SQL server but stop them querying this I/O intensive DMV ? Yes it is, here’s how… 1. Create a new login for test purposes, with permissions to access AdventureWorks database only … CREATE LOGIN [test] WITH PASSWORD='xxxx', DEFAULT_DATABASE=[AdventureWorks] GO USE [AdventureWorks] GO CREATE USER [test] FOR LOGIN [test] WITH DEFAULT_SCHEMA=[dbo] GO 2.login as user test and issue command SELECT  * FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(DB_ID('AdventureWorks'),NULL,NULL,NULL,'DETAILED') gets error :-  Msg 297, Level 16, State 12, Line 1 The user does not have permission to perform this action. 3.As a sysadmin, issue command :- USE AdventureWorks GRANT VIEW DATABASE STATE TO [test] or GRANT VIEW SERVER STATE TO [test] if all databases can be queried via DMV. 4. Try again as user test to issue command SELECT * FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(DB_ID('AdventureWorks '),NULL,NULL,NULL,'DETAILED') -- now produces valid results from the DMV.. 5 now create the test user in master database, public role only USE master CREATE USER [test] FOR LOGIN [test] 6 issue command :- USE master DENY SELECT ON sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats TO [test] 7 Now go back to AdventureWorks using test login and try SELECT * FROM sys.dm_db_index_physical_stats(DB_ID('AdventureWorks’),NULL,NULL,NULL,’DETAILED') Now gets error... Msg 229, Level 14, State 5, Line 1 The SELECT permission was denied on the object 'dm_db_index_physical_stats', database 'mssqlsystemresource', schema 'sys'. but the user is still able to query all other non-IO-intensive DMVs. If the user attempts to view the index physical stats via a builtin management studio report  – see recent blog post by Pinal Dave they get an error also

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• svn: Syncing main source code with committed source code

  - by alam

  To manage my source code I have created SVN subversion server by using command svnadmin create /myrepos svn import /root/MySourceCode file:///myrepos I have created user and provided rw access to him. User can easily commit their changes in repository. How can I update my sourcecode (/root/MySourceCode) used in command svn import ? Is there any svn command to update my MySourceCode with commited code?

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• MySQL – Beginning Temporary Tables in MySQL

  - by Pinal Dave

  MySQL supports Temporary tables to store the resultsets temporarily for a given connection. Temporary tables are created with the keyword TEMPORARY along with the CREATE TABLE statement. Let us create the temporary table named Temp CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE TEMP (id INT); Now you can find out the column names using DESC command DESC TEMP; The above returns the following result This table can be accessed only for the current connection and it can be used like a permanent table and automatically dropped when the connection is closed. However, you can not find temporary tables using INFORMATION_SCHEMA. TABLES system view. It will only list out the permanent tables. MySQL usually stores the data of temporary tables in memory and processed by Memory Storage engine. But if the data size is too large MySQL automatically converts this to the on – disk table and use MyISAM engine. You can also create a permanent table with the same name of a temporary table in the same connection. However the structure of permanent table is visible only if the temporary table with the same name is dropped. Let us create a permanent table with the same name Temp as below CREATE TABLE TEMP (id INT, names VARCHAR(100)); Now running the following command stills gives you the structure of the temporary table temp created earlier. DESC TEMP; You can drop the temporary table using DROP TEMPORARY TABLE command; DROP TEMPORARY TABLE TEMP; After you executed the temporary table, run the following command DESC TEMP; Now you will see the structure of the permanent table named temp In summary – If there is a Temporary Table in MySQL it gets first priority over the permanent table in the session. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com)Filed under: MySQL, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL

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• Powershell import-module webadministration

  - by David

  Every time I execute this command invoke-command -computername REMOTEPC -scriptblock { import-module WebAdministration; new-item "$env:systemdrive\inetpub\testsite" -type directory; New-WebSite -Name TestSite -Port 81 -PhysicalPath "$env:systemdrive\inetpub\testsite" } I get the following error Invalid class string (Exception from HRESULT: 0x800401F3 (CO_E_CLASSSTRING)) + CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (:) [Get-ChildItem], COMException + FullyQualifiedErrorId : System.Runtime.InteropServices.COMException,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.GetChildItemCommand The website is created successfully as far as I can see. The following command gives the same error when enumerating the testsite Invoke-Command -computername REMOTEPC { import-module webadministration; dir -path IIS:\Sites\ } Name ID State Physical Path Bindings PSComputerName Default Web Site 1 Started http *:80: REMOTEPC Invalid class string (Exception from HRESULT: 0x800401F3 (CO_E_CLASSSTRING)) + CategoryInfo : NotSpecified: (:) [Get-ChildItem], COMException + FullyQualifiedErrorId : System.Runtime.InteropServices.COMException,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.GetChildItemCo mmand Any suggestions would be appreciated

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• Tip 16 : Open Multiple Documents within Single Application Instance Using C#

  - by StanleyGu

  1.       Using Microsoft Word 2007 as an example, you can open test1.docx and test2.docx at same time. The two documents are opened within single instance of the word application. World application supports command line argument of passing multiple documents. 2.       Again, Using Microsoft Word 2007 as an example, you can open test1.docx first and then test2.docx. The two documents are opened within single instance of the Word application. Word application supports Multiple Document Interface (MDI). 3.       Using Notepad as an example, you receive error message of “The filename, directory name, or volume label syntax is incorrect” if you want to open two documents at the same time. Notepad does not support command line argument of passing multiple documents 4.       Again, using Notepad as an example, you can open test1.txt first and then test2.txt. The two documents are opened to two different instances of Notepad application. Notepad does not support Multiple Document Interface (MDI). 5.       In conclusion, there is nothing you can do trying to rely on System.Diagnostics.Process class to open multiple documents within a single instance of an application because it is controlled by the application itself. The best approach is to read any developer or user guide of the application and make sure: 1. The application supports Multiple Document Interface (MDI) 2. The application provides command line argument of passing multiple documents. Then, you can use Process class and the command line argument syntax to open multiple documents for the application.  

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• RAID1 rebuild fails due to disk errors

  - by overlord_tm

  Quick info: Dell R410 with 2x500GB drives in RAID1 on H700 Adapter Recently one of drives in RAID1 array on server failed, lets call it Drive 0. RAID controller marked it as fault and put it offline. I replaced faulty disk with new one (same series and manufacturer, just bigger) and configured new disk as hot spare. Rebuild from Drive1 started immediately and after 1.5 hour I got message that Drive 1 failed. Server was unresponsive (kernel panic) and required reboot. Given that half hour before this error rebuild was at about 40%, I estimated that new drive is not in sync yet and tried to reboot just with Drive 1. RAID controller complained a bit about missing RAID arrays, but it found foreign RAID array on Drive 1 and I imported it. Server booted and it runs (from degraded RAID). Here is SMART data for disks. Drive 0 (the one that failed first) ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAGS VALUE WORST THRESH FAIL RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate POSR-K 200 200 051 - 1 3 Spin_Up_Time POS--K 142 142 021 - 3866 4 Start_Stop_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 12 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct PO--CK 200 200 140 - 0 7 Seek_Error_Rate -OSR-K 200 200 000 - 0 9 Power_On_Hours -O--CK 086 086 000 - 10432 10 Spin_Retry_Count -O--CK 100 253 000 - 0 11 Calibration_Retry_Count -O--CK 100 253 000 - 0 12 Power_Cycle_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 11 192 Power-Off_Retract_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 10 193 Load_Cycle_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 1 194 Temperature_Celsius -O---K 112 106 000 - 31 196 Reallocated_Event_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 0 197 Current_Pending_Sector -O--CK 200 200 000 - 0 198 Offline_Uncorrectable ----CK 200 200 000 - 0 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 0 200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate ---R-- 200 198 000 - 3 And Drive 1 (the drive which was reported healthy from controller until rebuild was attempted) ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAGS VALUE WORST THRESH FAIL RAW_VALUE 1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate POSR-K 200 200 051 - 35 3 Spin_Up_Time POS--K 143 143 021 - 3841 4 Start_Stop_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 12 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct PO--CK 200 200 140 - 0 7 Seek_Error_Rate -OSR-K 200 200 000 - 0 9 Power_On_Hours -O--CK 086 086 000 - 10455 10 Spin_Retry_Count -O--CK 100 253 000 - 0 11 Calibration_Retry_Count -O--CK 100 253 000 - 0 12 Power_Cycle_Count -O--CK 100 100 000 - 11 192 Power-Off_Retract_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 10 193 Load_Cycle_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 1 194 Temperature_Celsius -O---K 114 105 000 - 29 196 Reallocated_Event_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 0 197 Current_Pending_Sector -O--CK 200 200 000 - 3 198 Offline_Uncorrectable ----CK 100 253 000 - 0 199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count -O--CK 200 200 000 - 0 200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate ---R-- 100 253 000 - 0 In extended error logs from SMART I found: Drive 0 has only one error Error 1 [0] occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 10282 hours (428 days + 10 hours) When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle. After command completion occurred, registers were: ER -- ST COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC -- -- -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- 10 -- 51 00 18 00 00 00 6a 24 20 40 00 Error: IDNF at LBA = 0x006a2420 = 6956064 Commands leading to the command that caused the error were: CR FEATR COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name -- == -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- --------------- -------------------- 61 00 60 00 f8 00 00 00 6a 24 20 40 00 17d+20:25:18.105 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED 61 00 18 00 60 00 00 00 6a 24 00 40 00 17d+20:25:18.105 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED 61 00 80 00 58 00 00 00 6a 23 80 40 00 17d+20:25:18.105 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED 61 00 68 00 50 00 00 00 6a 23 18 40 00 17d+20:25:18.105 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED 61 00 10 00 10 00 00 00 6a 23 00 40 00 17d+20:25:18.104 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED But Drive 1 has 883 errors. I see only few last ones and all errors I can see look like this: Error 883 [18] occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 10454 hours (435 days + 14 hours) When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle. After command completion occurred, registers were: ER -- ST COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC -- -- -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- 01 -- 51 00 80 00 00 39 97 19 c2 40 00 Error: AMNF at LBA = 0x399719c2 = 966203842 Commands leading to the command that caused the error were: CR FEATR COUNT LBA_48 LH LM LL DV DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name -- == -- == -- == == == -- -- -- -- -- --------------- -------------------- 60 00 80 00 00 00 00 39 97 19 80 40 00 1d+00:25:57.802 READ FPDMA QUEUED 2f 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 10 40 00 1d+00:25:57.779 READ LOG EXT 60 00 80 00 00 00 00 39 97 19 80 40 00 1d+00:25:55.704 READ FPDMA QUEUED 2f 00 00 00 01 00 00 00 00 00 10 40 00 1d+00:25:55.681 READ LOG EXT 60 00 80 00 00 00 00 39 97 19 80 40 00 1d+00:25:53.606 READ FPDMA QUEUED Given those errors, is there any way I can rebuild RAID back, or should I make backup, shutdown server, replace disks with new ones and restore it? What about if I dd faulty disk to new one from linux running on USB/CD? Also, if anyone have more experiences, what could be causes for those errors? Crappy controller or disks? Disks are about 1 year old, but it is pretty unbelievable to me that both would die within so short timespan.

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• Organizations &amp; Architecture UNISA Studies &ndash; Chap 7

  - by MarkPearl

  Learning Outcomes Name different device categories Discuss the functions and structure of I/.O modules Describe the principles of Programmed I/O Describe the principles of Interrupt-driven I/O Describe the principles of DMA Discuss the evolution characteristic of I/O channels Describe different types of I/O interface Explain the principles of point-to-point and multipoint configurations Discuss the way in which a FireWire serial bus functions Discuss the principles of InfiniBand architecture External Devices An external device attaches to the computer by a link to an I/O module. The link is used to exchange control, status, and data between the I/O module and the external device. External devices can be classified into 3 categories… Human readable – e.g. video display Machine readable – e.g. magnetic disk Communications – e.g. wifi card I/O Modules An I/O module has two major functions… Interface to the processor and memory via the system bus or central switch Interface to one or more peripheral devices by tailored data links Module Functions The major functions or requirements for an I/O module fall into the following categories… Control and timing Processor communication Device communication Data buffering Error detection I/O function includes a control and timing requirement, to coordinate the flow of traffic between internal resources and external devices. Processor communication involves the following… Command decoding Data Status reporting Address recognition The I/O device must be able to perform device communication. This communication involves commands, status information, and data. An essential task of an I/O module is data buffering due to the relative slow speeds of most external devices. An I/O module is often responsible for error detection and for subsequently reporting errors to the processor. I/O Module Structure An I/O module functions to allow the processor to view a wide range of devices in a simple minded way. The I/O module may hide the details of timing, formats, and the electro mechanics of an external device so that the processor can function in terms of simple reads and write commands. An I/O channel/processor is an I/O module that takes on most of the detailed processing burden, presenting a high-level interface to the processor. There are 3 techniques are possible for I/O operations Programmed I/O Interrupt[t I/O DMA Access Programmed I/O When a processor is executing a program and encounters an instruction relating to I/O it executes that instruction by issuing a command to the appropriate I/O module. With programmed I/O, the I/O module will perform the requested action and then set the appropriate bits in the I/O status register. The I/O module takes no further actions to alert the processor. I/O Commands To execute an I/O related instruction, the processor issues an address, specifying the particular I/O module and external device, and an I/O command. There are four types of I/O commands that an I/O module may receive when it is addressed by a processor… Control – used to activate a peripheral and tell it what to do Test – Used to test various status conditions associated with an I/O module and its peripherals Read – Causes the I/O module to obtain an item of data from the peripheral and place it in an internal buffer Write – Causes the I/O module to take an item of data form the data bus and subsequently transmit that data item to the peripheral The main disadvantage of this technique is it is a time consuming process that keeps the processor busy needlessly I/O Instructions With programmed I/O there is a close correspondence between the I/O related instructions that the processor fetches from memory and the I/O commands that the processor issues to an I/O module to execute the instructions. Typically there will be many I/O devices connected through I/O modules to the system – each device is given a unique identifier or address – when the processor issues an I/O command, the command contains the address of the address of the desired device, thus each I/O module must interpret the address lines to determine if the command is for itself. When the processor, main memory and I/O share a common bus, two modes of addressing are possible… Memory mapped I/O Isolated I/O (for a detailed explanation read page 245 of book) The advantage of memory mapped I/O over isolated I/O is that it has a large repertoire of instructions that can be used, allowing more efficient programming. The disadvantage of memory mapped I/O over isolated I/O is that valuable memory address space is sued up. Interrupts driven I/O Interrupt driven I/O works as follows… The processor issues an I/O command to a module and then goes on to do some other useful work The I/O module will then interrupts the processor to request service when is is ready to exchange data with the processor The processor then executes the data transfer and then resumes its former processing Interrupt Processing The occurrence of an interrupt triggers a number of events, both in the processor hardware and in software. When an I/O device completes an I/O operations the following sequence of hardware events occurs… The device issues an interrupt signal to the processor The processor finishes execution of the current instruction before responding to the interrupt The processor tests for an interrupt – determines that there is one – and sends an acknowledgement signal to the device that issues the interrupt. The acknowledgement allows the device to remove its interrupt signal The processor now needs to prepare to transfer control to the interrupt routine. To begin, it needs to save information needed to resume the current program at the point of interrupt. The minimum information required is the status of the processor and the location of the next instruction to be executed. The processor now loads the program counter with the entry location of the interrupt-handling program that will respond to this interrupt. It also saves the values of the process registers because the Interrupt operation may modify these The interrupt handler processes the interrupt – this includes examination of status information relating to the I/O operation or other event that caused an interrupt When interrupt processing is complete, the saved register values are retrieved from the stack and restored to the registers Finally, the PSW and program counter values from the stack are restored. Design Issues Two design issues arise in implementing interrupt I/O Because there will be multiple I/O modules, how does the processor determine which device issued the interrupt? If multiple interrupts have occurred, how does the processor decide which one to process? Addressing device recognition, 4 general categories of techniques are in common use… Multiple interrupt lines Software poll Daisy chain Bus arbitration For a detailed explanation of these approaches read page 250 of the textbook. Interrupt driven I/O while more efficient than simple programmed I/O still requires the active intervention of the processor to transfer data between memory and an I/O module, and any data transfer must traverse a path through the processor. Thus is suffers from two inherent drawbacks… The I/O transfer rate is limited by the speed with which the processor can test and service a device The processor is tied up in managing an I/O transfer; a number of instructions must be executed for each I/O transfer Direct Memory Access When large volumes of data are to be moved, an efficient technique is direct memory access (DMA) DMA Function DMA involves an additional module on the system bus. The DMA module is capable of mimicking the processor and taking over control of the system from the processor. It needs to do this to transfer data to and from memory over the system bus. DMA must the bus only when the processor does not need it, or it must force the processor to suspend operation temporarily (most common – referred to as cycle stealing). When the processor wishes to read or write a block of data, it issues a command to the DMA module by sending to the DMA module the following information… Whether a read or write is requested using the read or write control line between the processor and the DMA module The address of the I/O device involved, communicated on the data lines The starting location in memory to read from or write to, communicated on the data lines and stored by the DMA module in its address register The number of words to be read or written, communicated via the data lines and stored in the data count register The processor then continues with other work, it delegates the I/O operation to the DMA module which transfers the entire block of data, one word at a time, directly to or from memory without going through the processor. When the transfer is complete, the DMA module sends an interrupt signal to the processor, this the processor is involved only at the beginning and end of the transfer. I/O Channels and Processors Characteristics of I/O Channels As one proceeds along the evolutionary path, more and more of the I/O function is performed without CPU involvement. The I/O channel represents an extension of the DMA concept. An I/O channel ahs the ability to execute I/O instructions, which gives it complete control over I/O operations. In a computer system with such devices, the CPU does not execute I/O instructions – such instructions are stored in main memory to be executed by a special purpose processor in the I/O channel itself. Two types of I/O channels are common A selector channel controls multiple high-speed devices. A multiplexor channel can handle I/O with multiple characters as fast as possible to multiple devices. The external interface: FireWire and InfiniBand Types of Interfaces One major characteristic of the interface is whether it is serial or parallel parallel interface – there are multiple lines connecting the I/O module and the peripheral, and multiple bits are transferred simultaneously serial interface – there is only one line used to transmit data, and bits must be transmitted one at a time With new generation serial interfaces, parallel interfaces are becoming less common. In either case, the I/O module must engage in a dialogue with the peripheral. In general terms the dialog may look as follows… The I/O module sends a control signal requesting permission to send data The peripheral acknowledges the request The I/O module transfers data The peripheral acknowledges receipt of data For a detailed explanation of FireWire and InfiniBand technology read page 264 – 270 of the textbook

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• How to do a database backup in DB2 in Vista?

  - by Daziplqa

  How to do a database backup in DB2 in Vista? Whenever I issued this command (login in Vista as Administrator): restore database myDB from D: taken at 20081013134446 the command line processor return the following error message: SQL1092N "ADMINISTRATOR" does not have the authority to perform the requested command. SQLSTATE=00000 So, How can I solve this problem?

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• SFTP only works occasionally

  - by 82din

  I suddenly get this error using SFTP: Status: Connecting to example.com... Response: fzSftp started Command: open "[email protected]" 22 Command: Pass: ********* Status: Connected to example.com Status: Retrieving directory listing... Command: pwd Response: Current directory is: "/root" Command: ls Status: Listing directory /root Error: Connection timed out Error: Failed to retrieve directory listing I tried using FileZila, Cyberduck, Shell (Terminal), same result. However, it worked fine today (just a few seconds) in Passive mode. I guess something changed in my network, so I have tried both: Active and Passive mode: Connecting to probe.filezilla-project.org Response: 220 FZ router and firewall tester ready USER FileZilla Response: 331 Give any password. PASS 3.6.0.2 Response: 230 logged on. Checking for correct external IP address Retrieving external IP address from http://checkip.dyndns.org:8245/ Checking for correct external IP address IP <external IP> big-bf-ccc-f Response: 200 OK PREP 49565 Response: 200 Using port 49565, data token 380352881 PORT 186,15,222,5,193,157 Response: 200 PORT command successful LIST Response: 150 opening data connection Response: 503 Failure of data connection. Server sent unexpected reply. Connection closed Because I'm working behind a router, I get my external IP from http://checkip.dyndns.org:8245/ I also tested different range of ports.

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• How to change Windows admin password from guest user

  - by John Smiith

  How to gain access of admin account of Windows, I activated a guest user and I want to change the admin password from the command line. When I type: net user administrator password the response is System error 5 has occurred. Access is denied I am using winxp pro sp2 I am running this command from cdm.exe and I am running this command from guest user. I actually want to change my admin password from guest user.

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• How to install virtio balloon driver in Windows Server 2008 Std x64

  - by javano

  I am trying to run the install command in the INF file that comes on the virtio drivers ISO, after having downloaded devcon.exe from Microsoft's website. I am getting the following error and I don't know how to progress; C:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\ADM64>devcon install BALLOON.inf PCI\VEN_1AF4&DEV_1002&SUBSYS_00051AF4&REV_00 devcon.exe failed. 'DEV_1002' is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file. 'SUBSYS_00051AF4' is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file. 'REV_00' is not recognized as an internal or external command, operable program or batch file. Thank you.

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• emacs, writing custom commands which use term-mode

  - by valya

  Hello, I'm using Emacs and M-x term for a terminal. Since my typical workflow looks like this: edit some code C-x C-o to the terminal buffer (or C-x b term[Enter] or something) press Up key to use the last command press Enter to run it C-x C-o to go back I want to bind all of these (except the first step... maybe) to one command, I believe Emacs is awesome enough to do that :-) So, a command must: go to the buffer with terminal (maybe it shouldn't change any windows at all, maybe it should split the window vertially (if it weren't split already) and use the right sid) run a last command what've been run there go back to the last buffer/part of the screen Thank you! I'm not really used to the Emacs scripting system, and I hope someone will help me and someone else will be able to use the answer to improve his workflow, since I believe this is a pretty common one Examples of commands: python manage.py test python manage.py test stats python solve.py # for project-euler puzzles :-) the first and the second runs over a ssh (in a terminal) sometimes (I like developing with vagrant) I understand that it's easy to bind the first and the third ones, but the second changes too often - I'd just like to "run last command"

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• How do I implement the bg, &, and bg commands functionaliity in my custom unix shell program written in C

  - by user1631009

  I am trying to extend the functionality of my custom unix shell which I earlier wrote as part of my lab assignment. It currently supports all commands through execvp calls, in-built commands like pwd, cd, history, echo and export, and also redirection and pipes. Now I wanted to add the support for running a command in background e.g. $ls -la& Now I also want to implement bg and fg job control commands. I know this can be achieved if I execute the command by forking a new child process and not waiting for it in the parent process. But how do I again bring this command to foreground using fg? I have the idea of entering each background command in a list assigning each of them a serial number. But I don't know how do I make the processes execute in the background, then bring them back to foreground. I guess wait() and waitpid() system calls would come handy but I am not that comfortable with them. I tried reading the man pages but still am in the dark. Can someone please explain in a layman's language how to achieve this in UNIX system programming? And does it have something to do with SIGCONT and SIGSTP signals?

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• check_snmp with snmpv3 protocol giving "Unkown Report message" error

  - by John

  I'm trying to add a nagios command to use snmpv3 for monitoring printer status messages. When using the check_snmp command, I get the following error: External command error: snmpget: Unknown Report message Here is the command I'm typing in: ./check_snmp -P 3 -H <hostname> -L authPriv -U snmpuser -A snmppassword -X snmppassword -o 1.3.6.1.4.1.11.2.4.3.1.2.0 -C public -d "STRING:" -a MD5 These values for auth key, private key, username, etc all work when using snmpwalk. Can someone enlighten me as to what that error message really means? EDIT: It looks like check_snmp isn't taking my v3 credentials when passing over to snmpget. Here is my input with the verbose option: ./check_snmp -H <hostname> -o 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.10.1 -C public -m ALL -P 3 -L authPriv -U snmpuser -a MD5 -A snmppassword -x DES -X snmppassword -v And here is the output: /usr/bin/snmpget -t 1 -r 5 -m ALL -v 3 [authpriv] <hostname>:161 1.3.6.1.2.1.2.2.1.10.1 External command error: snmpget: Unknown Report message So I guess now my question would be: why isn't check_snmp passing all the commandline options to snmpget?

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• Nagios - NagWin - Send notification with gmail

  - by Attila Bujáki

  I would like to send Nagios notifications using my gmail account. I have already set up my hosts I want to monitor and services also. What is the most simple way to accomplish this using NagWin on a Windows Server 2012 installation? As far as I know I must change some of these configuration settings: # 'notify-host-by-email' command definition define command{ command_name notify-host-by-email command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\nHost: $HOSTNAME$\nState: $HOSTSTATE$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nInfo: $HOSTOUTPUT$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n" | /bin/blat - -to $CONTACTEMAIL$ -f nagios@localhost -subject "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Host Alert: $HOSTNAME$ is $HOSTSTATE$ **" -server ??? } # 'notify-service-by-email' command definition define command{ command_name notify-service-by-email command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\n\nService: $SERVICEDESC$\nHost: $HOSTALIAS$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nState: $SERVICESTATE$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n\nAdditional Info:\n\n$SERVICEOUTPUT$\n" | /bin/blat - -to $CONTACTEMAIL$ -f nagios@localhost -subject "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Service Alert: $HOSTALIAS$/$SERVICEDESC$ is $SERVICESTATE$ **" -server ??? } What should I use for smtp server? Is it possible to directly send my notifications to the Gmail server?

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• Bash Completion Script Help

  - by inxilpro

  So I'm just starting to learn about bash completion scripts, and I started to work on one for a tool I use all the time. First I built the script using a set list of options: _zf_comp() { local cur prev actions COMPREPLY=() cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" prev="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}" actions="change configure create disable enable show" COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "${actions}" -- ${cur})) return 0 } complete -F _zf_comp zf This works fine. Next, I decided to dynamically create the list of available actions. I put together the following command: zf | grep "Providers and their actions:" -A 100 | grep -P "^\s*\033\[36m\s*zf" | awk '{gsub(/[[:space:]]*/, "", $3); print $3}' | sort | uniq | awk '{sub("\-", "\\-", $1); print $1}' | tr \\n " " | sed 's/^ *\(.*\) *$/\1/' Which basically does the following: Grabs all the text in the "zf" command after "Providers and their actions:" Grabs all the lines that start with "zf" (I had to do some fancy work here 'cause the ZF command prints in color) Grab the second piece of the command and remove any spaces from it (the spaces part is probably not needed any more) Sort the list Get rid of any duplicates Escape dashes (I added this when trying to debug the problem—probably not needed) Trim all new lines Trim all leading and ending spaces The above command produces: $ zf | grep "Providers and their actions:" -A 100 | grep -P "^\s*\033\[36m\s*zf" | awk '{gsub(/[[:space:]]*/, "", $3); print $3}' | sort | uniq | awk '{sub("\-", "\\-", $1); print $1}' | tr \\n " " | sed 's/^ *\(.*\) *$/\1/' change configure create disable enable show $ So it looks to me like it's producing the exact same string as I had in my original script. But when I do: _zf_comp() { local cur prev actions COMPREPLY=() cur="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}" prev="${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}" actions=`zf | grep "Providers and their actions:" -A 100 | grep -P "^\s*\033\[36m\s*zf" | awk '{gsub(/[[:space:]]*/, "", $3); print $3}' | sort | uniq | awk '{sub("\-", "\\-", $1); print $1}' | tr \\n " " | sed 's/^ *\(.*\) *$/\1/'` COMPREPLY=($(compgen -W "${actions}" -- ${cur})) return 0 } complete -F _zf_comp zf My autocompletion starts acting up. First, it won't autocomplete anything with an "n" in it, and second, when it does autocomplete ("zf create" for example) it won't let me backspace over my completed command. The first issue I'm completely stumped on. The second I'm thinking might have to do with escape characters from the colored text. Any ideas? It's driving me crazy!

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• Why doesn't environment variable get updated in cmd without restart?

  - by John Nevermore

  CMD commands: setx SOMEVARIABLE "newpath" /M setx SOMEVARIABLE "%SOMEVARIABLE%;newpath2" /M Expected output on ECHO %SOMEVARIABLE%: newpath;newpath2 Actual output: %SOMEVARIABLE% Actual value stored (From System Properties-Environment Variables GUI): %SOMEVARIABLE%;newpath2 The only way i can get the expected output is, if i restart the command prompt every time i modify the environment variable. I'm using this command to automate environment variable value appending multiple times during the same process. Why doesn't environment variable get updated in cmd without restart? Is it possible to get the updated value of %SOMEVARIABLE% without restarting the command prompt?

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• How to Share Links Between Any Browser and Any Smartphone

  - by Justin Garrison

  It happens all the time, you find an article to read but then nature calls. Do you take your laptop with you? With site to phone you can share links between any browser and any smartphone with a single click. If you have Android you may be familiar with this functionality with Google’s Chrome to phone, or with webOS’ Neato! But what if you have an iPhone, Blackberry or Windows Phone 7 device? That is where site to phone comes in handy. It not only supports every major mobile smartphone operating system, but it also supports every major web browser Latest Features How-To Geek ETC The Complete List of iPad Tips, Tricks, and Tutorials The 50 Best Registry Hacks that Make Windows Better The How-To Geek Holiday Gift Guide (Geeky Stuff We Like) LCD? LED? Plasma? The How-To Geek Guide to HDTV Technology The How-To Geek Guide to Learning Photoshop, Part 8: Filters Improve Digital Photography by Calibrating Your Monitor These 8-Bit Mario Wood Magnets Put Video Games on Your Fridge Christmas Themes 4 Pack for Chrome and Iron Browser Enjoy the First Total Lunar Eclipse in 372 Years This Evening Gmail’s Free Calling Extended Through 2011 Voice Search Brings Android-Style Voice Search to Google Chrome X-Mas Origins: Santa – Fun X-Men and Santa Mashup [Video]

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• Autotune Ventrillo

  - by Dan

  How do I autotune my voice before it gets sent over ventrillo (with free software only)?

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• Using schtasks in interactive mode

  - by CFP

  Hello! I'd like to create a scheduled task from the command line, in interactive mode. The at hh:mm /interactive program command fails, stating that security policies do not allow interactive execution. I'd therefore like to use the schtasks command. But when I type something like schtasks /Create /TN MyTask /SC DAILY /ST "13:10" /TR "notepad.exe" /V1 /F I get a message asking for my password, although I haven't set a password for my session. And when I leave the field blank, the command line answers that the task won't be able to run. How can I fix this problem? And how can I make the task interactive? Using /RU SYSTEM prevents the task from being run in interactive mode. Thanks! CFP.

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• Browsers ignoring hosts file

  - by madkris

  Until recently my browsers started to ignore my hosts file. I have Windows 7 operating system installed. 192.168.0.5 livesite.com I have tried: Clearing browser cache Issued "ipconfig /flushdns" from the command line Issued "ping livesite.com" from the command line (response was "Reply from 192.168.0.5: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=128") Restarting unit Backing up original hosts file and making a new one Checking lmhosts.sam (everything is commented out) Connecting directly to modem using cable Checked \HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\DataBasePath Tried it on another laptop with exactly the specs as I have Then I tried Changing entry to "127.0.0.1 livesite.com" (ping ok, browser ok) Changing entry to "192.168.0.5 livesite.com" (ping ok, browser ok but only for a sec) Issued "ipconfig /flushdns" from the command line (ping ok, browser not ok) Changing entry to "127.0.0.1 livesite.com" (ping ok, browser ok) Changing entry to "192.168.0.5 livesite.com" (ping ok, browser not ok) Issued "ipconfig /flushdns" from the command line (ping ok, browser not ok) Any idea why it worked for a moment? Or better yet anything I havent tried or some error I may have overlooked?

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• Launching Installer Via Powershell and WinRM and Nothing Happens

  - by Nick DeMayo

  I'm currently working on a Powershell script to run some Microsoft Hotfix installers remotely on several Windows Server 2008 R2 servers that I manage. Basically, the script copies all the appropriate files up to the server, and then runs the installer via Invoke-Command, like so: function InstallCU { Write-Host "Installing June 2013 CU..." Invoke-Command -ComputerName $ServerName -ScriptBlock { Start-Process "c:\aaa\prjcusp2\ubersrvprj2010-kb2817530-fullfile-x64-glb.exe" -ArgumentList "/passive" } } If I run the "Start-Process" command locally on the server, the installer runs properly. However, when trying to run it remotely, nothing happens (actually, I can see the installer start up in Task Manager, but it closes a couple seconds later and doesn't run). I've attempted giving the Invoke-Command -Credentials, I've turned off UAC on the server, and I've ensured that my WinRM settings (running 'winrm quickconfig' and setting TrustedHosts to *) are correct. I've also tried having the Invoke-Command script run a local Powershell script to run the installer and changing the Argument from '/passive' to 'quiet' (in case it can't remotely launch something that has a UI), but again, no dice. Is there anything else I can try, or am I just not going to be able to do this?

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