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  • Fitch Format Proofs - any resources around?

    - by devoured elysium
    I am currently studying Fitch Format first order logic proofs. My lecturer follows closely Language, Proof and Logic by Jon Barwise. I am trying to do some proofs but I am having some trouble getting to understand how to do these proofs. As I have already read what Language Proof and Logic has to offer, I'd like to know if there are any other books or resources around that use the Fitch format for their formal proofs. Plus, having solved exercises would be of great(!) help. Thanks

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  • Java multiline string

    - by skiphoppy
    Coming from Perl, I sure am missing the "here-document" means of creating a multi-line string in source code: $string = <<"EOF" # create a three line string text text text EOF In Java I have to have cumbersome quotes and plus signs on every line as I concatenate my multiline string from scratch. What are some better alternatives? Define my string in a properties file? Edit: Two answers say StringBuilder.append() is preferable to the plus notation. Could anyone elaborate as to why they think so? It doesn't look more preferable to me at all. I'm looking for away around the fact that multiline strings are not a first-class language construct, which means I definitely don't want to replace a first-class language construct (string concatenation with plus) with method calls. Edit: To clarify my question further, I'm not concerned about performance at all. I'm concerned about maintainability and design issues.

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  • russian characters not accepted in php / phpmyadmin ?

    - by Bob Deckx
    I have a website in 3 languages: english, dutch and russian. There's a little CMS where the user can update the text on the website. everything works good, except for the russian text.. If I enter any russian text in the form in the CMS, I get "????" in the phpmyadmin database and on the website. I am completely new to charsets, it's the first time I am building a website in a language that is not supported like in this case.. Could someone please tell me what's the problem here? and what I have to do to make this work in russian language?

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  • Does the <script> tag position in HTML affects performance of the webpage?

    - by Rahul Joshi
    If the script tag is above or below the body in a HTML page, does it matter for the performance of a website? And what if used in between like this: <body> ..blah..blah.. <script language="JavaScript" src="JS_File_100_KiloBytes"> function f1() { .. some logic reqd. for manipulating contents in a webpage } </script> ... some text here too ... </body> Or is this better?: <script language="JavaScript" src="JS_File_100_KiloBytes"> function f1() { .. some logic reqd. for manipulating contents in a webpage } </script> <body> ..blah..blah.. ..call above functions on some events like onclick,onfocus,etc.. </body> Or this one?: <body> ..blah..blah.. ..call above functions on some events like onclick,onfocus,etc.. <script language="JavaScript" src="JS_File_100_KiloBytes"> function f1() { .. some logic reqd. for manipulating contents in a webpage } </script> </body> Need not tell everything is again in the <html> tag!! How does it affect performance of webpage while loading? Does it really? Which one is the best, either out of these 3 or some other which you know? And one more thing, I googled a bit on this, from which I went here: Best Practices for Speeding Up Your Web Site and it suggests put scripts at the bottom, but traditionally many people put it in <head> tag which is above the <body> tag. I know it's NOT a rule but many prefer it that way. If you don't believe it, just view source of this page! And tell me what's the better style for best performance.

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  • Festival TTS showing SIOD:ran out off storage message

    - by Peeyush
    Hello i am designing a front end for Festival TTS using it's C++ API Everything is working fine in my programme but i have a problem that i am giving a drop down option to user to select other languages when user select a language from drop down then festival tts shows a message on console saying: SIOD:ran out of storage This message only shows if the text given to festival TTS is greater then 5 or 6 lines. i think this message comes because SIOD's heap is not free when i am going to call a new language. So please tell me the solution of this problem. Thanks

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  • Portable Programming IDE

    - by Click Ok
    Frequently I'm brainstormed with programming ideas that I would like to directly code. More or less like "Wow, that algorithm will rock! I need to write it now!". For this kind of "impulse" to write, I use http://www.jarte.com/ that is a cool portable text editor. If I'm near a cybecafe or a friend computer, I just plug the usb pen drive and start to write... So, I would like: 1) a portable minimalist IDE 2) with minimal OS requirement (ie.: I want run from XP, Vista, etc...) 3) any modern language (I can learn a new language if needed. I just want write/test the algoritm) 4) Syntax Highlight/intellisense is good, but not required 5) Free Is there something like this?

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  • Tutorial/resource for implementing VM

    - by zaharpopov
    Hello, I want self-education purpose implement a simple virtual machine for a dynamic language, prefer in C language. Something like the Lua VM, or Parrot, or Python VM, but simpler. Are there any good resources/tutorials on achieving this, apart from looking at code and design documentations of the existing VMs? Thanks in advance for your answers and ideas Edit: why close vote? I don't understand - is this not programming. Please comment if there is specific problem with my question.

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  • C# Speech Recognition - Is this what the user said?

    - by RichieACC
    I have need to write an application which uses a speech recognition engine -- either the built in vista one, or a third party one -- that can display a word or phrase, and recognise when the user reads it (or an approximation of it). I also need to be able to switch quickly between languages, without changing the language of the operating system. The users will be using the system for very short periods. The application needs to work without the requirement of first training the recognition engine to the users' voices. It would also be fantastic if this could work on Windows XP or lesser versions of Windows Vista. Optionally, the system needs to be able to read information on the screen back to the user, in the user's selected language. I can work around this specification using pre-recorded voice-overs, but the preferred method would be to use a text-to-speech engine. Can anyone recommend something for me?

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  • What's wrong with this jQuery example?

    - by Sven Larson
    The following jQuery example should put some text into the div, but it doesn't. I tried Firefox, Google Chrome and Internet Explorer. <html> <head> <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.4.2/jquery.min.js" language="javascript"></script> <script language="javascript"> $(window).load(function() { $('adiv').html('<p>hello world</p>'); alert('done'); }); </script> </head> <body> <div id="adiv"> </div> </body> </html> Sorry, this might be stupid, but I'm stuck.

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  • Android-iPhone single codebase

    - by Lorenzo
    Is there a way, apart from using HTML and JavaScript on a web control, to have an (almost) single codebase for an application that should run on iOS and Android? The big issue is of course that they use a different language (Java for Android, Objective-C for iOS) for application development. It would be nice to have some sort of meta-language that will be translated in Java and in Objective-C. What about Flash? Adobe wasn't supposed to release a tool to create flash-based apps in iOS?

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  • Assembly Programming on Mac

    - by ida
    I am on a Mac with Snow Leopard (10.6.3). I hear that the assembly language I work with has to be valid with the chipset that you use. I am completely new to this I have a basic background in C and Objective-C programming and an almost strong background in PHP. I have always wanted to see what assembly is all about. The tutorial I'll be looking at is by VTC [link]. What I want to know is: are the tutorials that I'm about to do compatible with the assembly version on the Mac that I have? Sorry I am completely new to this language although I do recall studying some of it way, way back in the day. I do have xcode and what I'm wondering is what kind of document would I open in xcode to work with assembly and does the Mac have a built in hex editor (when it comes time to needing it)? thanks

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  • Haskell: variant of `show` that doesn't wrap String and Char in quotes

    - by Joey Adams
    I'd like a variant of show (let's call it label) that acts just like show, except that it doesn't wrap Strings in " " or Chars in ' '. Examples: > label 5 "5" > label "hello" "hello" > label 'c' "c" I tried implementing this manually, but I ran into some walls. Here is what I tried: {-# LANGUAGE FlexibleInstances #-} {-# LANGUAGE UndecidableInstances #-} module Label where class (Show a) => Label a where label :: a -> String instance Label [Char] where label str = str instance Label Char where label c = [c] -- Default case instance Show a => Label a where label x = show x However, because the default case's class overlaps instance Label [Char] and instance Label Char, those types don't work with the label function. Is there a library function that provides this functionality? If not, is there a workaround to get the above code to work?

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  • Which machine learning library to use

    - by Space_C0wb0y
    I am looking for a library that, ideally, has the following features: implements hierarchical clustering of multidimensional data (ideally on similiarity or distance matrix) implements support vector machines is in C++ is somewhat documented (this one seems to be hardest) I would like this to be in C++, as I am most comfortable with that language, but I will also use any other language if the library is worth it. I have googled and found some, but I do not really have the time to try them all out, so I want hear what other people had for experiences. Please only answer if you have some experience with the library you recommend. P.S.: I could also use different libraries for the clustering and the SVM.

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  • Genetic programming in c++, library suggestions?

    - by shuttle87
    I'm looking to add some genetic algorithms to an Operations research project I have been involved in. Currently we have a program that aids in optimizing some scheduling and we want to add in some heuristics in the form of genetic algorithms. Are there any good libraries for generic genetic programming/algorithms in c++? Or would you recommend I just code my own? I should add that while I am not new to c++ I am fairly new to doing this sort of mathematical optimization work in c++ as the group I worked with previously had tended to use a proprietary optimization package. We have a fitness function that is fairly computationally intensive to evaluate and we have a cluster to run this on so parallelized code is highly desirable. So is c++ a good language for this? If not please recommend some other ones as I am willing to learn another language if it makes life easier. thanks!

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  • Why doesn't C have rotate left/right operators?

    - by icepack
    A bit of a philosophical question, I suppose. Hope it belongs here. C language has the standard set of bit-wise operations, including OR, AND, XOR, SHIFT LEFT/RIGHT, NOT. Anyone has an idea why rotate left/rotate right isn't included in the language? These operators are of the same complexity as other bit-wise operators and normally require a single assembly instruction, like the others. Besides, I can think of a lot of uses for rotate operator, probably not less than, say, xor operator - so it sounds a bit strange to me that they aren't included in C along with the rest. Edit: Please stop suggesting implementations of rotation operators. I know how to do that and it's not what the question about.

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  • Open source C compiler in C#?

    - by Dinah
    I've been getting into compiler creation. I've found some terrific beginner stuff and advanced stuff but nothing in the middle. I've created 3 different simple proof-of-concept compilers for toy languages but I want to expose myself to something real. The most straight forward real language in terms of syntax seems to be C. Since the language I'm most comfortable with right now is C#, I'd love to study the source code of a real non-tutorial C compiler written in C#. Does one (with source code available) exist?

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  • How to replace for-loops with a functional statement in C#?

    - by Lernkurve
    A colleague once said that God is killing a kitten every time I write a for-loop. When asked how to avoid for-loops, his answer was to use a functional language. However, if you are stuck with a non-functional language, say C#, what techniques are there to avoid for-loops or to get rid of them by refactoring? With lambda expressions and LINQ perhaps? If so, how? Questions So the question boils down to: Why are for-loops bad? Or, in what context are for-loops to avoid and why? Can you provide C# code examples of how it looks before, i.e. with a loop, and afterwards without a loop?

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  • C# programmer - necessary to learn C or C++?

    - by Kurresmack
    Hey, I have been programming now for a couple of years. But never any low level language. I started off with some java and some VB. Then I went over to VB.NET and now for a while I have been writing C#. As you see, I have never written any low level language where I had to deal with memory management. Is this something I should do, like a route of passage that every programmer should go through? I am a bit keen on trying to perhaps writing in assembler directly. This would suit me personally good as I have 2 parents that have been writing assembler for ages. Is it necessary for a professional programmer these days to know how to manually manage memory?

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  • How to get methods list in scala

    - by skyde
    In language like python and ruby to ask the language what index-related methods its string class supports (which methods’ names contain the word “index”) you can do “”.methods.sort.grep /index/i And in java List results = new ArrayList(); Method[] methods = String.class.getMethods(); for (int i = 0; i < methods.length; i++) { Method m = methods[i]; if (m.getName().toLowerCase().indexOf(“index”) != -1) { results.add(m.getName()); } } String[] names = (String[]) results.toArray(); Arrays.sort(names); return names; How would you do the same thing in Scala?

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  • What production software have you written in F# in the past year or so that you would previously hav

    - by Peter McGrattan
    Over the last few years F# has evolved into one of Microsoft's fully supported languages employing many ideas incubated in OCaml, ML and Haskell. Over the last several years C# has extended it's general purpose features by introducing more and more functional language features: LINQ (list comprehension), Lamdas, Closures, Anonymous Delegates and more... Given C#'s adoption of these functional features and F#'s taxonomy as an impure functional language (it allows YOU to access framework libraries or change shared state when a function is called if you want to) there is a strong similarity between the two languages although each has it's own polar opposite primary emphasis. I'm interested in any successful models employing these two languages in your production polyglot programs and also the areas within production software (web apps, client apps, server apps) you have written in F# in the past year or so that you would previously have written in C#.

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  • Will PHP Die In Web Page Development World?

    - by Morgan Cheng
    I know that PHP is still the most popular web programming language in the world. This question just want to bring some of my concerns about PHP. PHP is naturally bound to C10K problem. Since PHP (generally run in Apache) cannot be event-driven or asynchronous, each HTTP request will occupy at least one thread or process. This makes it resistant to be more scalable. Currently, a lot of web sites (like Facebook) with high performance and scalability still depends on PHP in their front end servers. I suppose it is due to legacy reason. Is it possible that PHP will be replaced by language more suitable for C10K?

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  • Advanced example-driven C book with a lot of code.

    - by Inso Reiges
    Hello, I am looking for a book on advanced C programming that: Teaches how to effectively express one's solution in C when one already knows the language in depth. Shows some common design idioms expressed in C, like encapsulation, modularity and that kind of thing. Is example-driven with a lot of good-quality code. I already know the language itself so books like otherwise wonderful "Expert C Programming" by Peter van der Linden is not really what i am looking for. What i need is a book on how to express my design in C, what are the common idioms, best practices, etc. I would also like to note that i am primarily interested in C, not C++, C#, Objective-C or any other languages inspired by C-like syntax. Thank you.

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  • Is automated source translation seen as beneficial and/or necessary?

    - by busybutwantmore
    I have recently spent several years translating legacy FORTRAN into Java. Prior to that, I found myself translating FORTRAN into C (for which I wrote a simple translation tool). After all this work, I find myself wondering how many others are doing similar language-to-language translations and whether an automated way of doing so would be beneficial. I know about F2C, For_C, F2J and others, as well as some of the translation sites, but none seem to be all that successful. Having seen output from For_C, I can see why it just hasn't taken off. While it is technically correct, it is very difficult to maintain. So, I guess what I am wondering is if there were are tool that produced more maintainable, more grok-able code than the code I have seen, would developers use it? Or are developers as jaded as many posts seem to indicate and unwilling to use generated code as it could never be as good as their manually translated code?

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