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  • Using CSS3 media queries in HTML 5 pages

    - by nikolaosk
    This is going to be the seventh post in a series of posts regarding HTML 5. You can find the other posts here , here , here, here , here and here. In this post I will provide a hands-on example on how to use CSS 3 Media Queries in HTML 5 pages. This is a very important feature since nowadays lots of users view websites through their mobile devices. Web designers were able to define media-specific style sheets for quite a while, but have been limited to the type of output. The output could only be Screen, Print .The way we used to do things before CSS 3 was to have separate CSS files and the browser decided which style sheet to use. Please have a look at the snippet below - HTML 4 media queries <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="screen" href="styles.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="print" href="print-styles.css"> ?he browser determines which style to use. With CSS 3 we can have all media queries in one stylesheet. Media queries can determine the resolution of the device, the orientation of the device, the width and height of the device and the width and height of the browser window.We can also include CSS 3 media queries in separate stylesheets. In order to be absolutely clear this is not (and could not be) a detailed tutorial on HTML 5. There are other great resources for that.Navigate to the excellent interactive tutorials of W3School. Another excellent resource is HTML 5 Doctor. Two very nice sites that show you what features and specifications are implemented by various browsers and their versions are http://caniuse.com/ and http://html5test.com/. At this times Chrome seems to support most of HTML 5 specifications.Another excellent way to find out if the browser supports HTML 5 and CSS 3 features is to use the Javascript lightweight library Modernizr. In this hands-on example I will be using Expression Web 4.0.This application is not a free application. You can use any HTML editor you like.You can use Visual Studio 2012 Express edition. You can download it here. Before I go on with the actual demo I will use the (http://www.caniuse.com) to see the support for CSS 3 Media Queries from the latest versions of modern browsers. Please have a look at the picture below. We see that all the latest versions of modern browsers support this feature. We can see that even IE 9 supports this feature.   Let's move on with the actual demo.  This is going to be a rather simple demo.I create a simple HTML 5 page. The markup follows and it is very easy to use and understand.This is a page with a 2 column layout. <!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en">  <head>    <title>HTML 5, CSS3 and JQuery</title>    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" >    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css">       </head>  <body>    <div id="header">      <h1>Learn cutting edge technologies</h1>      <p>HTML 5, JQuery, CSS3</p>    </div>    <div id="main">      <div id="mainnews">        <div>          <h2>HTML 5</h2>        </div>        <div>          <p>            HTML5 is the latest version of HTML and XHTML. The HTML standard defines a single language that can be written in HTML and XML. It attempts to solve issues found in previous iterations of HTML and addresses the needs of Web Applications, an area previously not adequately covered by HTML.          </p>          <div class="quote">            <h4>Do More with Less</h4>            <p>             jQuery is a fast and concise JavaScript Library that simplifies HTML document traversing, event handling, animating, and Ajax interactions for rapid web development.             </p>            </div>          <p>            The HTML5 test(html5test.com) score is an indication of how well your browser supports the upcoming HTML5 standard and related specifications. Even though the specification isn't finalized yet, all major browser manufacturers are making sure their browser is ready for the future. Find out which parts of HTML5 are already supported by your browser today and compare the results with other browsers.                      The HTML5 test does not try to test all of the new features offered by HTML5, nor does it try to test the functionality of each feature it does detect. Despite these shortcomings we hope that by quantifying the level of support users and web developers will get an idea of how hard the browser manufacturers work on improving their browsers and the web as a development platform.</p>        </div>      </div>              <div id="CSS">        <div>          <h2>CSS 3 Intro</h2>        </div>        <div>          <p>          Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used for describing the presentation semantics (the look and formatting) of a document written in a markup language. Its most common application is to style web pages written in HTML and XHTML, but the language can also be applied to any kind of XML document, including plain XML, SVG and XUL.          </p>        </div>      </div>            <div id="CSSmore">        <div>          <h2>CSS 3 Purpose</h2>        </div>        <div>          <p>            CSS is designed primarily to enable the separation of document content (written in HTML or a similar markup language) from document presentation, including elements such as the layout, colors, and fonts.[1] This separation can improve content accessibility, provide more flexibility and control in the specification of presentation characteristics, enable multiple pages to share formatting, and reduce complexity and repetition in the structural content (such as by allowing for tableless web design).          </p>        </div>      </div>                </div>    <div id="footer">        <p>Feel free to google more about the subject</p>      </div>     </body>  </html>    The CSS code (style.css) follows  body{        line-height: 30px;        width: 1024px;        background-color:#eee;      }            p{        font-size:17px;    font-family:"Comic Sans MS"      }      p,h2,h3,h4{        margin: 0 0 20px 0;      }            #main, #header, #footer{        width: 100%;        margin: 0px auto;        display:block;      }            #header{        text-align: center;         border-bottom: 1px solid #000;         margin-bottom: 30px;      }            #footer{        text-align: center;         border-top: 1px solid #000;         margin-bottom: 30px;      }            .quote{        width: 200px;       margin-left: 10px;       padding: 5px;       float: right;       border: 2px solid #000;       background-color:#F9ACAE;      }            .quote :last-child{        margin-bottom: 0;      }            #main{        column-count:2;        column-gap:20px;        column-rule: 1px solid #000;        -moz-column-count: 2;        -webkit-column-count: 2;        -moz-column-gap: 20px;        -webkit-column-gap: 20px;        -moz-column-rule: 1px solid #000;        -webkit-column-rule: 1px solid #000;      } Now I view the page in the browser.Now I am going to write a media query and add some more rules in the .css file in order to change the layout of the page when the page is viewed by mobile devices. @media only screen and (max-width: 480px) {          body{            width: 480px;          }          #main{            -moz-column-count: 1;            -webkit-column-count: 1;          }        }   I am specifying that this media query applies only to screen and a max width of 480 px. If this condition is true, then I add new rules for the body element. I change the number of columns to one. This rule will not be applied unless the maximum width is 480px or less.  As I decrease the size-width of the browser window I see no change in the column's layout. Have a look at the picture below. When I resize the window and the width of the browser so the width is less than 480px, the media query and its respective rules take effect.We can scroll vertically to view the content which is a more optimised viewing experience for mobile devices. Have a look at the picture below Hope it helps!!!!

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  • OpenGL directional light creating black spots

    - by AnonymousDeveloper
    I probably ought to start by saying that I suspect the problem is that one of my vectors is not in the correct "space", but I don't know for sure. I am having a strange problem with a directional light. When I move the camera away from (0.0, 0.0, 0.0) it creates tiny black spots that grow larger as the distance increases. I apologize ahead of time for the length of the code. Vertex shader: #version 410 core in vec3 vf_normal; in vec3 vf_bitangent; in vec3 vf_tangent; in vec2 vf_textureCoordinates; in vec3 vf_vertex; out vec3 tc_normal; out vec3 tc_bitangent; out vec3 tc_tangent; out vec2 tc_textureCoordinates; out vec3 tc_vertex; uniform mat3 vf_m_normal; uniform mat4 vf_m_model; uniform mat4 vf_m_mvp; uniform mat4 vf_m_projection; uniform mat4 vf_m_view; uniform float vf_te_inner; uniform float vf_te_outer; void main() { tc_normal = vf_normal; tc_bitangent = vf_bitangent; tc_tangent = vf_tangent; tc_textureCoordinates = vf_textureCoordinates; tc_vertex = vf_vertex; gl_Position = vf_m_mvp * vec4(vf_vertex, 1.0); } Tessellation Control shader: #version 410 core layout (vertices = 3) out; in vec3 tc_normal[]; in vec3 tc_bitangent[]; in vec3 tc_tangent[]; in vec2 tc_textureCoordinates[]; in vec3 tc_vertex[]; out vec3 te_normal[]; out vec3 te_bitangent[]; out vec3 te_tangent[]; out vec2 te_textureCoordinates[]; out vec3 te_vertex[]; uniform float vf_te_inner; uniform float vf_te_outer; uniform vec4 vf_l_color; uniform vec3 vf_l_position; uniform mat4 vf_m_depthBias; uniform mat4 vf_m_model; uniform mat4 vf_m_mvp; uniform mat4 vf_m_projection; uniform mat4 vf_m_view; uniform sampler2D vf_t_diffuse; uniform sampler2D vf_t_normal; uniform sampler2DShadow vf_t_shadow; uniform sampler2D vf_t_specular; #define ID gl_InvocationID float getTessLevelInner(float distance0, float distance1) { float avgDistance = (distance0 + distance1) / 2.0; return clamp((vf_te_inner - avgDistance), 1.0, vf_te_inner); } float getTessLevelOuter(float distance0, float distance1) { float avgDistance = (distance0 + distance1) / 2.0; return clamp((vf_te_outer - avgDistance), 1.0, vf_te_outer); } void main() { te_normal[gl_InvocationID] = tc_normal[gl_InvocationID]; te_bitangent[gl_InvocationID] = tc_bitangent[gl_InvocationID]; te_tangent[gl_InvocationID] = tc_tangent[gl_InvocationID]; te_textureCoordinates[gl_InvocationID] = tc_textureCoordinates[gl_InvocationID]; te_vertex[gl_InvocationID] = tc_vertex[gl_InvocationID]; float eyeToVertexDistance0 = distance(vec3(0.0), vec4(vf_m_view * vec4(tc_vertex[0], 1.0)).xyz); float eyeToVertexDistance1 = distance(vec3(0.0), vec4(vf_m_view * vec4(tc_vertex[1], 1.0)).xyz); float eyeToVertexDistance2 = distance(vec3(0.0), vec4(vf_m_view * vec4(tc_vertex[2], 1.0)).xyz); gl_TessLevelOuter[0] = getTessLevelOuter(eyeToVertexDistance1, eyeToVertexDistance2); gl_TessLevelOuter[1] = getTessLevelOuter(eyeToVertexDistance2, eyeToVertexDistance0); gl_TessLevelOuter[2] = getTessLevelOuter(eyeToVertexDistance0, eyeToVertexDistance1); gl_TessLevelInner[0] = getTessLevelInner(eyeToVertexDistance2, eyeToVertexDistance0); } Tessellation Evaluation shader: #version 410 core layout (triangles, equal_spacing, cw) in; in vec3 te_normal[]; in vec3 te_bitangent[]; in vec3 te_tangent[]; in vec2 te_textureCoordinates[]; in vec3 te_vertex[]; out vec3 g_normal; out vec3 g_bitangent; out vec4 g_patchDistance; out vec3 g_tangent; out vec2 g_textureCoordinates; out vec3 g_vertex; uniform float vf_te_inner; uniform float vf_te_outer; uniform vec4 vf_l_color; uniform vec3 vf_l_position; uniform mat4 vf_m_depthBias; uniform mat4 vf_m_model; uniform mat4 vf_m_mvp; uniform mat3 vf_m_normal; uniform mat4 vf_m_projection; uniform mat4 vf_m_view; uniform sampler2D vf_t_diffuse; uniform sampler2D vf_t_displace; uniform sampler2D vf_t_normal; uniform sampler2DShadow vf_t_shadow; uniform sampler2D vf_t_specular; vec2 interpolate2D(vec2 v0, vec2 v1, vec2 v2) { return vec2(gl_TessCoord.x) * v0 + vec2(gl_TessCoord.y) * v1 + vec2(gl_TessCoord.z) * v2; } vec3 interpolate3D(vec3 v0, vec3 v1, vec3 v2) { return vec3(gl_TessCoord.x) * v0 + vec3(gl_TessCoord.y) * v1 + vec3(gl_TessCoord.z) * v2; } float amplify(float d, float scale, float offset) { d = scale * d + offset; d = clamp(d, 0, 1); d = 1 - exp2(-2*d*d); return d; } float getDisplacement(vec2 t0, vec2 t1, vec2 t2) { float displacement = 0.0; vec2 textureCoordinates = interpolate2D(t0, t1, t2); vec2 vector = ((t0 + t1 + t2) / 3.0); float sampleDistance = sqrt((vector.x * vector.x) + (vector.y * vector.y)); sampleDistance /= ((vf_te_inner + vf_te_outer) / 2.0); displacement += texture(vf_t_displace, textureCoordinates).x; displacement += texture(vf_t_displace, textureCoordinates + vec2(-sampleDistance, -sampleDistance)).x; displacement += texture(vf_t_displace, textureCoordinates + vec2(-sampleDistance, sampleDistance)).x; displacement += texture(vf_t_displace, textureCoordinates + vec2( sampleDistance, sampleDistance)).x; displacement += texture(vf_t_displace, textureCoordinates + vec2( sampleDistance, -sampleDistance)).x; return (displacement / 5.0); } void main() { g_normal = normalize(interpolate3D(te_normal[0], te_normal[1], te_normal[2])); g_bitangent = normalize(interpolate3D(te_bitangent[0], te_bitangent[1], te_bitangent[2])); g_patchDistance = vec4(gl_TessCoord, (1.0 - gl_TessCoord.y)); g_tangent = normalize(interpolate3D(te_tangent[0], te_tangent[1], te_tangent[2])); g_textureCoordinates = interpolate2D(te_textureCoordinates[0], te_textureCoordinates[1], te_textureCoordinates[2]); g_vertex = interpolate3D(te_vertex[0], te_vertex[1], te_vertex[2]); float displacement = getDisplacement(te_textureCoordinates[0], te_textureCoordinates[1], te_textureCoordinates[2]); float d2 = min(min(min(g_patchDistance.x, g_patchDistance.y), g_patchDistance.z), g_patchDistance.w); d2 = amplify(d2, 50, -0.5); g_vertex += g_normal * displacement * 0.1 * d2; gl_Position = vf_m_mvp * vec4(g_vertex, 1.0); } Geometry shader: #version 410 core layout (triangles) in; layout (triangle_strip, max_vertices = 3) out; in vec3 g_normal[3]; in vec3 g_bitangent[3]; in vec4 g_patchDistance[3]; in vec3 g_tangent[3]; in vec2 g_textureCoordinates[3]; in vec3 g_vertex[3]; out vec3 f_tangent; out vec3 f_bitangent; out vec3 f_eyeDirection; out vec3 f_lightDirection; out vec3 f_normal; out vec4 f_patchDistance; out vec4 f_shadowCoordinates; out vec2 f_textureCoordinates; out vec3 f_vertex; uniform vec4 vf_l_color; uniform vec3 vf_l_position; uniform mat4 vf_m_depthBias; uniform mat4 vf_m_model; uniform mat4 vf_m_mvp; uniform mat3 vf_m_normal; uniform mat4 vf_m_projection; uniform mat4 vf_m_view; uniform sampler2D vf_t_diffuse; uniform sampler2D vf_t_normal; uniform sampler2DShadow vf_t_shadow; uniform sampler2D vf_t_specular; void main() { int index = 0; while (index < 3) { vec3 vertexNormal_cameraspace = vf_m_normal * normalize(g_normal[index]); vec3 vertexTangent_cameraspace = vf_m_normal * normalize(f_tangent); vec3 vertexBitangent_cameraspace = vf_m_normal * normalize(f_bitangent); mat3 TBN = transpose(mat3( vertexTangent_cameraspace, vertexBitangent_cameraspace, vertexNormal_cameraspace )); vec3 eyeDirection = -(vf_m_view * vf_m_model * vec4(g_vertex[index], 1.0)).xyz; vec3 lightDirection = normalize(-(vf_m_view * vec4(vf_l_position, 1.0)).xyz); f_eyeDirection = TBN * eyeDirection; f_lightDirection = TBN * lightDirection; f_normal = normalize(g_normal[index]); f_patchDistance = g_patchDistance[index]; f_shadowCoordinates = vf_m_depthBias * vec4(g_vertex[index], 1.0); f_textureCoordinates = g_textureCoordinates[index]; f_vertex = (vf_m_model * vec4(g_vertex[index], 1.0)).xyz; gl_Position = gl_in[index].gl_Position; EmitVertex(); index ++; } EndPrimitive(); } Fragment shader: #version 410 core in vec3 f_bitangent; in vec3 f_eyeDirection; in vec3 f_lightDirection; in vec3 f_normal; in vec4 f_patchDistance; in vec4 f_shadowCoordinates; in vec3 f_tangent; in vec2 f_textureCoordinates; in vec3 f_vertex; out vec4 fragColor; uniform vec4 vf_l_color; uniform vec3 vf_l_position; uniform mat4 vf_m_depthBias; uniform mat4 vf_m_model; uniform mat4 vf_m_mvp; uniform mat4 vf_m_projection; uniform mat4 vf_m_view; uniform sampler2D vf_t_diffuse; uniform sampler2D vf_t_normal; uniform sampler2DShadow vf_t_shadow; uniform sampler2D vf_t_specular; vec2 poissonDisk[16] = vec2[]( vec2(-0.94201624, -0.39906216), vec2( 0.94558609, -0.76890725), vec2(-0.09418410, -0.92938870), vec2( 0.34495938, 0.29387760), vec2(-0.91588581, 0.45771432), vec2(-0.81544232, -0.87912464), vec2(-0.38277543, 0.27676845), vec2( 0.97484398, 0.75648379), vec2( 0.44323325, -0.97511554), vec2( 0.53742981, -0.47373420), vec2(-0.26496911, -0.41893023), vec2( 0.79197514, 0.19090188), vec2(-0.24188840, 0.99706507), vec2(-0.81409955, 0.91437590), vec2( 0.19984126, 0.78641367), vec2( 0.14383161, -0.14100790) ); float random(vec3 seed, int i) { vec4 seed4 = vec4(seed,i); float dot_product = dot(seed4, vec4(12.9898, 78.233, 45.164, 94.673)); return fract(sin(dot_product) * 43758.5453); } float amplify(float d, float scale, float offset) { d = scale * d + offset; d = clamp(d, 0, 1); d = 1 - exp2(-2.0 * d * d); return d; } void main() { vec3 lightColor = vf_l_color.xyz; float lightPower = vf_l_color.w; vec3 materialDiffuseColor = texture(vf_t_diffuse, f_textureCoordinates).xyz; vec3 materialAmbientColor = vec3(0.1, 0.1, 0.1) * materialDiffuseColor; vec3 materialSpecularColor = texture(vf_t_specular, f_textureCoordinates).xyz; vec3 n = normalize(texture(vf_t_normal, f_textureCoordinates).rgb * 2.0 - 1.0); vec3 l = normalize(f_lightDirection); float cosTheta = clamp(dot(n, l), 0.0, 1.0); vec3 E = normalize(f_eyeDirection); vec3 R = reflect(-l, n); float cosAlpha = clamp(dot(E, R), 0.0, 1.0); float visibility = 1.0; float bias = 0.005 * tan(acos(cosTheta)); bias = clamp(bias, 0.0, 0.01); for (int i = 0; i < 4; i ++) { float shading = (0.5 / 4.0); int index = i; visibility -= shading * (1.0 - texture(vf_t_shadow, vec3(f_shadowCoordinates.xy + poissonDisk[index] / 3000.0, (f_shadowCoordinates.z - bias) / f_shadowCoordinates.w))); }\n" fragColor.xyz = materialAmbientColor + visibility * materialDiffuseColor * lightColor * lightPower * cosTheta + visibility * materialSpecularColor * lightColor * lightPower * pow(cosAlpha, 5); fragColor.w = texture(vf_t_diffuse, f_textureCoordinates).w; } The following images should be enough to give you an idea of the problem. Before moving the camera: Moving the camera just a little. Moving it to the center of the scene.

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  • Integrating CKFinder with InnovaStudio WYSIWYG Editor

    - by Sonny
    I use InnovaStudio WYSIWYG Editor, and I am trying to replace InnovaStudio's Asset Manager with CKFinder. There's a line in the editor configuration for what URL to use for the asset manager. I have pointed it at CKFinder. The part I can't get to work is getting the field to populate with the double-clicked file's path from CKFinder. It appears to use the 'func' parameter to specify the callback function. The URL I'm calling is: /common/ckfinder/ckfinder.html?action=js&func=setAssetValue The InnovaStudio WYSIWYG Editor provides the setAssetValue(v) callback function for setting the field value. The v parameter should hold the URL. CKFinder pops up as expected when it's invoked, but neither double-clicking the thumbnails nor using the "select" option in the context menu works. The normal/expected behavior is that CKFinder closes and the target field is populated with the URL for the selected asset. Additional Info: The InnovaStudio WYSIWYG Editor has a "popup" for adding an image or flash file to the content. This pop-up is in an iframe. When it calls CKFinder (or it's own asset manager), that is also in an iframe. It appears that CKFinder is looking in the scope of the main window rather than the image/flash iframe that actually contains the field that needs to be populated.

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  • TransactionScope won't work with DB2 provider

    - by Florin
    Hi Everyone, I've been trying to use TransactionScope with a DB2 database (using DB2 .Net provider v 9.0.0.2 and c# 2.0) which SHOULD be supported according to IBM. I have tried all the advice i could find on the IBM forums (such as here) to no avail. I have enabled XA transactions on my XP Sp2 machine, tried also from a Win 2003 Server machine but i consistently get the infamous error: ERROR [58005] [IBM][DB2/NT] SQL0998N Error occurred during transaction or heuristic processing. Reason Code = "16". Subcode = "2-80004005". SQLSTATE=58005 The windows event log says: The XA Transaction Manager attempted to load the XA resource manager DLL. The call to LOADLIBRARY for the XA resource manager DLL failed: DLL=C:\APPS\IBM\DB2v95fp2\SQLLIB\BIN\DB2APP.DLL File=d:\comxp_sp2\com\com1x\dtc\dtc\xatm\src\xarmconn.cpp Line=2467. Also, granted the NETWORK SERVICE user full rights to the folder and dll. Here's the MSDTC startup message MS DTC started with the following settings: Security Configuration (OFF = 0 and ON = 1): Network Administration of Transactions = 0, Network Clients = 0, Inbound Distributed Transactions using Native MSDTC Protocol = 0, Outbound Distributed Transactions using Native MSDTC Protocol = 0, Transaction Internet Protocol (TIP) = 0, XA Transactions = 1 Any help would be much appreciated! Thanks, Florin

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  • Web application creation in IIS7 via MS.Web.Admin

    - by Jon Ownbey
    I am attempting to create seperate workflow instances as applications in IIS7 using the Microsoft.Web.Administration dll. When it attempts to add the Application to the Site ApplicationsCollection I get a COM error: "Invalid application path\r\n" using (ServerManager manager = new ServerManager()) { var site = manager.Sites.Where(x => x.Name == Properties.Settings.Default.WorkflowWebsiteName).Single(); StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder() .Append(m_workflowDefinition.AccountId) .Append("/") .Append(m_workflowDefinition.WorkflowDefinitionId) .Append("/") .Append(m_workflowDefinition.Version) .Append("/"); string virtualPath = stringBuilder.ToString(); string physicalPath = Properties.Settings.Default.ApplicationPoolString + virtualPath.Replace("/", "\\"); if (!Directory.Exists(physicalPath)) Directory.CreateDirectory(physicalPath); //Create the workflow service definition file using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(Path.Combine(physicalPath, m_workflowDefinition.WorkflowName + WORKFLOW_FILE_EXTENSION))) { writer.Write(m_workflowDefinition.Definition); } //Copy dependencies string dependencyPath = m_workflowDefinition.DependenciesPath; CopyAll(new DirectoryInfo(dependencyPath), new DirectoryInfo(physicalPath)); //Create a new IIS application for the workflow var apps = site.Applications.Where(x => x.Path == virtualPath); if (apps.Count() > 0) { site.Applications.Remove(apps.Single()); } Application app = site.Applications.Add(virtualPath, physicalPath); app.ApplicationPoolName = "Workflow AppPool"; app.EnabledProtocols = PROTOCOLS; manager.CommitChanges(); } The value assigned to virtualPath is like: "something/something/something" and for physicalPath it is "c:\inetpub\wwwroot\Workflow\something\something\something". Any ideas? Any help is greatly appreciated.

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  • SSIS Intermittent variable error: The system cannot find the file specified

    - by Ben
    Our SSIS pacakges a structured as one Control package and many child packages (about 30) that are invoked from the control package. The child packages are invoked with Execute Package Task. There is one Execute Package Task per child package. Each Execute Package Task uses File Connection Manager to specify path to the child package dtsx file. There is one File Connection Manager per child package. Each File Connection Manager has an expression defined for ConnectionString property. This expression looks like this: @[Template::FolderPackages]+"MyPackage.dtsx", the file name is different for each package. The variable (FolderPackages) is specified in the SSIS package configuration file. The error that is generated during run time is "Error 0x80070002 while loading package file "MyPackage.dtsx". The system cannot find the file specified." The package that fails is different from run to run and sometimes no packages fail at all. This is when run on exactly the same environment/data etc. I ran FileMon during this error and found out that when the error happens SSIS tries to read the dtsx file from a wrong place, namely from system32. I checked that this is identical to what would happen if @[Template::FolderPackages] variable were empty, but because the very same variable is used for every child package and works for some but doesn't work sometimes for others, I have no expalnation to this fact. Anything obvious, or time to raise a support call with Microsoft?

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  • Content management recommendations for website?

    - by Travis
    Hello I am working on a website that has a wide range of content. (News, FAQs, tutorials, blog, articles, product pages etc.) Currently a lot of this content is static or uses special-purpose scripts. I would like to move most of it under the wing of a single content manager. I have not used out of the box content management software previously so am hoping for some recommendations on what options there are and what might be best suited to a project like this. Whether the manager is open source or commercial, and what language it is written in, are not so important. I can customize the environment as necessary. The most important things are: 1) The ability to manage a wide variety of content. 2) The ability to create highly customized templates for a single page of content or entire category of content. 3) Flexibility. ie The ability to integrate managed content with other pages not controlled by the content manager. Thanks in advance for your help, Travis

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  • OWL: get Class from an existent Antology

    - by Gabriele
    How can I get an existent Class from an Ontology with owlAPI? This is a fragment of my ontology: ... <owl:Class rdf:ID="StringDocu"> <owl:equivalentClass> <owl:Restriction> <owl:someValuesFrom rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string"/> <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="#hasContent"/> </owl:Restriction> </owl:equivalentClass> <rdfs:label rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string" >String Docu</rdfs:label> <rdfs:subClassOf rdf:resource="#Docu"/> <owl:disjointWith rdf:resource="#URIDocu"/> <rdfs:comment rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string" >This class concerns a docu with the content specified as common text.</rdfs:comment> </owl:Class> ... I start whit this code: String ontologyUri = "http://mysite.com/my_ontology.owl"; OWLOntologyManager manager = OWLManager.createOWLOntologyManager(); OWLOntology ontology = manager.createOntology(IRI.create(ontologyUri)); OWLDataFactory factory = manager.getOWLDataFactory(); and now I want to retrieve the "StringDocu" class. How can I get this?

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  • Setting corelocation results to NSNumber object parameters

    - by Dan Ray
    This is a weird one, y'all. - (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didUpdateToLocation:(CLLocation *)newLocation fromLocation:(CLLocation *)oldLocation { CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate = newLocation.coordinate; self.mark.longitude = [NSNumber numberWithDouble:coordinate.longitude]; self.mark.latitude = [NSNumber numberWithDouble:coordinate.latitude]; NSLog(@"Got %f %f, set %f %f", coordinate.latitude, coordinate.longitude, self.mark.latitude, self.mark.longitude); [manager stopUpdatingLocation]; manager.delegate = nil; if (self.waitingForLocation) { [self completeUpload]; } } The latitude and longitude in that "mark" object are synthesized parameters referring to NSNumber iVars. In the simulator, my NSLog output for that line in the middle there reads: 2010-05-28 15:08:46.938 EverWondr[8375:207] Got 37.331689 -122.030731, set 0.000000 -44213283338325225829852024986561881455984640.000000 That's a WHOLE lot further East than 1 Infinite Loop! The numbers are different on the device, but similar--lat is still zero and long is a very unlikely high negative number. Elsewhere in the controller I'm accepting a button press and uploading a file (an image I just took with the camera) with its geocoding info associated, and I need that self.waitingForLocation to inform the CLLocationManager delegate that I already hit that button and once its done its deal, it should go ahead and fire off the upload. Thing is, up in the button-click-receiving method, I test see if CL is finished by testing self.mark.latitude, which seems to be getting set zero...

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  • Blackberry: How to properly handle focus traversal in custom field?

    - by DaveJohnston
    I am writing an app for Blackberry and I have the following problem: I have implemented a custom field by extending the Manager class. The field is quite simple, it consists of a label and two check boxes, yes and no. The fields are laid out so that the label is on the left and uses as much space as it can while still allowing room for the check boxes which are positioned next to each other at the right and vertically centred compared to the label (if it spans more than one line). So it looks like this: This is a question? O Yes O No Everything is fine so far in terms of laying out the fields. But now I am trying to handle focus traversal. First of all the default behaviour when the user scrolls up or down is to move between the yes and no options. I want to move to the next field above or below when up or down is pressed, so I did this: protected int moveFocus(int amount, int status, int time) { if (status == 537001984 || status == -1610481664) { // Up or down was pressed // Don't move focus between yes and no when up or down is pressed. return amount; } return super.moveFocus(amount, status, time); } And that seems to work. The next thing I would like to do is to remember which option last had the focus when the field loses focus, then on gaining focus again (regardless of which direction the focus comes from) set this field to have the focus. I tried overriding onUnfocus and onFocus so that onUnfocus I note which field was focussed then onFocus setFocus to that field. But I get a StackOverflowError, I guess because the call to setFocus on a field within the manager actually calls onFocus for the manager itself again?? So does anyone know how I should be doing this? I checked the DateField and it has the exact behaviour I am looking for, i.e. it remembers if you were last on the day, month or year field and sets this field to focus when the field itself gets the focus.

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  • Multiple undo managers for a text view

    - by Rui Pacheco
    Hi, I've a text view that gets its content from an attributed string stored in a model object. I list several of these model objects in a drawer and when the user clicks on one the text view swaps its content. I now need to also swap the undo manager for the text view. I initialise an undo manager on my model object and use undoManagerForTextView to return it to the text view, but something's not quite right. Strategically placed logging statements show me that everything's working as planned: on startup a new model object is initialised correctly and a non-null undo manager is always pulled by the text view. But when it comes to actually doing undo, I just can't get the behaviour I want. I open a window, type something and press cmd+z, and undo works. I open a window, type something, select a new model on the table, type something, go back to the first model and try to undo and all I get is a beep. Something on the documentation made me raise an eyebrow, as it would mean that I can't have undo with several model objects: The default undo and redo behavior applies to text fields and text in cells as long as the field or cell is the first responder (that is, the focus of keyboard actions). Once the insertion point leaves the field or cell, prior operations cannot be undone.

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  • Pentaho - Reporting Tool - Is the .prpt file (report template file) contains datasource information

    - by Yatendra Goel
    I am new Pentaho Reporting Tool. I have the following question: When I created a report using Pentaho Report Designer, it output a report file having .prpt extension. After that I found an example on internet where the following code were used to display the report in html format:| protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { ResourceManager manager = new ResourceManager(); manager.registerDefaults(); String reportPath = "file:" + this.getServletContext().getRealPath("sampleReport.prpt"); try { Resource res = manager.createDirectly(new URL(reportPath), MasterReport.class); MasterReport report = (MasterReport) res.getResource(); HtmlReportUtil.createStreamHTML(report, response.getOutputStream()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } And the report got printed successfully. So as we haven't specified any datasource information here, I think that the .prpt file contains that information in it. If that's true than Isn't Jasper is better Reporting tool than Pentaho because when we display Jasper reports, we have to provide datasource details also so in that way our report is flexible and is not bound to any particular database.

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  • optimizing an sql query using inner join and order by

    - by Sergio B
    I'm trying to optimize the following query without success. Any idea where it could be indexed to prevent the temporary table and the filesort? EXPLAIN SELECT SQL_NO_CACHE `groups`.* FROM `groups` INNER JOIN `memberships` ON `groups`.id = `memberships`.group_id WHERE ((`memberships`.user_id = 1) AND (`memberships`.`status_code` = 1 AND `memberships`.`manager` = 0)) ORDER BY groups.created_at DESC LIMIT 5;` +----+-------------+-------------+--------+--------------------------+---------+---------+---------------------------------------------+------+----------------------------------------------+ | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +----+-------------+-------------+--------+--------------------------+---------+---------+---------------------------------------------+------+----------------------------------------------+ | 1 | SIMPLE | memberships | ref | grp_usr,grp,usr,grp_mngr | usr | 5 | const | 5 | Using where; Using temporary; Using filesort | | 1 | SIMPLE | groups | eq_ref | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 4 | sportspool_development.memberships.group_id | 1 | | +----+-------------+-------------+--------+--------------------------+---------+---------+---------------------------------------------+------+----------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) +--------+------------+-----------------------------------+--------------+-----------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+ | Table | Non_unique | Key_name | Seq_in_index | Column_name | Collation | Cardinality | Sub_part | Packed | Null | Index_type | Comment | +--------+------------+-----------------------------------+--------------+-----------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+ | groups | 0 | PRIMARY | 1 | id | A | 6 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | | groups | 1 | index_groups_on_name | 1 | name | A | 6 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | | groups | 1 | index_groups_on_privacy_setting | 1 | privacy_setting | A | 6 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | | groups | 1 | index_groups_on_created_at | 1 | created_at | A | 6 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | | groups | 1 | index_groups_on_id_and_created_at | 1 | id | A | 6 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | | groups | 1 | index_groups_on_id_and_created_at | 2 | created_at | A | 6 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | +--------+------------+-----------------------------------+--------------+-----------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+ +-------------+------------+----------------------------------------------------------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+ | Table | Non_unique | Key_name | Seq_in_index | Column_name | Collation | Cardinality | Sub_part | Packed | Null | Index_type | Comment | +-------------+------------+----------------------------------------------------------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+ | memberships | 0 | PRIMARY | 1 | id | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | | memberships | 0 | grp_usr | 1 | group_id | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | | memberships | 0 | grp_usr | 2 | user_id | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | | memberships | 1 | grp | 1 | group_id | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | | memberships | 1 | usr | 1 | user_id | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | | memberships | 1 | grp_mngr | 1 | group_id | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | | memberships | 1 | grp_mngr | 2 | manager | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | | memberships | 1 | complex_index | 1 | group_id | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | | memberships | 1 | complex_index | 2 | user_id | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | | memberships | 1 | complex_index | 3 | status_code | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | | memberships | 1 | complex_index | 4 | manager | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | | memberships | 1 | index_memberships_on_user_id_and_status_code_and_manager | 1 | user_id | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | | memberships | 1 | index_memberships_on_user_id_and_status_code_and_manager | 2 | status_code | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | | memberships | 1 | index_memberships_on_user_id_and_status_code_and_manager | 3 | manager | A | 2 | NULL | NULL | YES | BTREE | | +-------------+------------+----------------------------------------------------------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+

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  • Can Django admin handle a one-to-many relationship via related_name?

    - by Mat
    The Django admin happily supports many-to-one and many-to-many relationships through an HTML <SELECT> form field, allowing selection of one or many options respectively. There's even a nice Javascript filter_horizontal widget to help. I'm trying to do the same from the one-to-many side through related_name. I don't see how it's much different from many-to-many as far as displaying it in the form is concerned, I just need a multi-select SELECT list. But I cannot simply add the related_name value to my ModelAdmin-derived field list. Does Django support one-to-many fields in this way? My Django model something like this (contrived to simplify the example): class Person(models.Model): ... manager = models.ForeignKey('self', related_name='staff', null=True, blank=True, ) From the Person admin page, I can easily get a <SELECT> list showing all possible staff to choose this person's manager from. I also want to display a multiple-selection <SELECT> list of all the manager's staff. I don't want to use inlines, as I don't want to edit the subordinates details; I do want to be able to add/remove people from the list. (I'm trying to use django-ajax-selects to replace the SELECT widget, but that's by-the-by.)

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  • Getting error while opening form in visual studio 2005

    - by Ravisha
    i am getting below excetion on opening a form on visual studio work bench Its not always but sometime it opens without any problem Does anyone has a solution for this? The path is not of a legal form. Hide at System.IO.Path.NormalizePathFast(String path, Boolean fullCheck) at System.IO.Path.NormalizePath(String path, Boolean fullCheck) at System.IO.Path.GetFullPathInternal(String path) at System.Reflection.AssemblyName.GetAssemblyName(String assemblyFile) at Microsoft.VisualStudio.Design.VSTypeResolutionService.AddProjectDependencies(Project project) at Microsoft.VisualStudio.Design.VSTypeResolutionService.AssemblyEntry.get_Assembly() at Microsoft.VisualStudio.Design.VSTypeResolutionService.AssemblyEntry.Search(String fullName, String typeName, Boolean ignoreTypeCase, Assembly& assembly, String description) at Microsoft.VisualStudio.Design.VSTypeResolutionService.SearchProjectEntries(AssemblyName assemblyName, String typeName, Boolean ignoreTypeCase, Assembly& assembly) at Microsoft.VisualStudio.Design.VSTypeResolutionService.GetType(String typeName, Boolean throwOnError, Boolean ignoreCase, ReferenceType refType) at Microsoft.VisualStudio.Design.Serialization.CodeDom.AggregateTypeResolutionService.GetType(String name, Boolean throwOnError, Boolean ignoreCase) at Microsoft.VisualStudio.Design.Serialization.CodeDom.AggregateTypeResolutionService.GetType(String name, Boolean throwOnError) at System.ComponentModel.Design.Serialization.CodeDomSerializerBase.GetType(ITypeResolutionService trs, String name, Dictionary2 names) at System.ComponentModel.Design.Serialization.CodeDomSerializerBase.FillStatementTable(IDesignerSerializationManager manager, IDictionary table, Dictionary2 names, CodeStatementCollection statements, String className) at System.ComponentModel.Design.Serialization.TypeCodeDomSerializer.Deserialize(IDesignerSerializationManager manager, CodeTypeDeclaration declaration) at System.ComponentModel.Design.Serialization.CodeDomDesignerLoader.PerformLoad(IDesignerSerializationManager manager) at Microsoft.VisualStudio.Design.Serialization.CodeDom.VSCodeDomDesignerLoader.PerformLoad(IDesignerSerializationManager serializationManager) at Microsoft.VisualStudio.Design.Serialization.CodeDom.VSCodeDomDesignerLoader.DeferredLoadHandler.Microsoft.VisualStudio.TextManager.Interop.IVsTextBufferDataEvents.OnLoadCompleted(Int32 fReload)

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  • How to check for mutual existence of Fields in same table in Two columns

    - by ranabra
    I tried using "Exist" and "IN". Not only did I not succeed, it didn't seem as an efficient solution. Here is a simplified example: TblMyTable WorkerUserName  -  WorkerDegree  -  ManagerUserName  -  ManagerDegree I need a query where there is a mutual connection / existence. What I mean is only where the worker, ex. "John" has a manager named "Mary", and where Mary the manager has a worker named "John". John the worker can have several managers and Mary the manager can have several workers. So the result will be (the order doesn't matter) ideally in one line: John - BSc  --  Mary - M.A. or Mary - M.A.  --  John - BSc The punchline is it's only one table. it is not really managers and workers, this is just a simplification of the situation. In the real situation both are equal, in a Table of names of users working with other users. Database is SQL 2005. Many thanx in advance  

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  • How to use Common Table Expression and check no duplication in sqlserver

    - by vodkhang
    I have a table references to itself. User table: id, username, managerid and managerid links back to id Now, I want to get all the managers including direct manager, manager of direct manager, so on and so forth... The problem is that I do not want to have a unstop recursive sql. So, I want to check if an id alreay in a list, I will not include it anymore. Here is my sql for that: with --the relation for all the subparts of ozsolar including itself all_managers (id, username, managerid, idlist) as ( --seed that is the ozsola part select u1.id, u1.username, u1.managerid, ' ' from users u1, users u2 where u1.id = u2.managerid and u2.id = 6 UNION ALL select u.id, u.username, u.managerid, idlist + ' ' + u.id from all_managers a, users u where a.managerid = u.id and charindex(cast(u.id as nvarchar(5)), idlist) != 0 ) --select the total number of subparts and group by subpart select id, username from all_managers; The problem is that in this line: select u1.id, u1.username, u1.managerid, ' ' The sqlserver complains with me that I can not put ' ' as the initialized for idlist. nvarchar(40) does not work as well. I do not know how to declare it inside a common table expression like this one. Usually, in db2, I can just put varchar(40)

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  • Question about WeakReferences

    - by Impz0r
    Hey there, I've got a question regarding WeakReferences. I'm right now in the process of writing a "Resource Manager" who hast to keep references to created texture objects. I have a Dictionary like: Dictionary<uint, WeakReference> Where the first is, as you allready may guessed, the Resource Id and the second param is a WeakReference to the Resource itself. Right now my Resources do have a method to free themselfes from their Owner (i.e. Resource Manager). They do so in calling a method at the Resource Manger while passing a this reference to it. The ResMgr does lookup if it is a resource he keeps bookmark of and if so, does something like this: WeakReference result; if (m_Resources.TryGetValue(ResourceId, out result)) { if (result.IsAlive) return; (result.Target as Resource).free(); // free for good m_Resources.Remove(ResourceId); } The Problem I'm having is that the part after: if (result.IsAlive) is never reached because there are still leftover references to the Resource. The thing is, I do only have one Reference of the Resource in question and it releases itself like: resource.free(); // calls internally its owner (i.e. ResMgr) resource = null; I guess the left over reference would be the "resource" variable, but I cannot set it to null, because I do have to call free first. Quite a dilema... Well what I wanted to achive with this is a Resource Manager who keeps references to its owning Resources and release them ONLY if there is no reference left to not screw up something. Any idea how I may solve this in a clean fashion? Thanks in advance! Mfg Imp

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  • Create chart using dynamic interactive ranges to select the series in Excel 2007

    - by jhc
    I would like to create a non-VBA based solution to the following question: How do I create a multi-series chart that will allow a user to select from a dropdown to change the data being graphed? I can do this already when the data series is contiguous; however, I'd like to be able to do it for non-contiguous data. Is this possible? My data look something like this: ID Salary Sal Min Sal Mid Sal Max Division Job Grade Job Subgrade Job XXX 10000 5000 15000 25000 North 13 1 Programmer XXX 12000 5000 15000 25000 North 13 1 Programmer XXX 14000 5000 15000 25000 South 13 1 Analyst XXX 11000 5000 15000 25000 South 13 1 Analyst XXX 20000 5000 15000 25000 North 14 1 Super Programmer XXX 25000 5000 15000 25000 North 14 1 Super Programmer XXX 22000 5000 15000 25000 North 14 1 Manager XXX 17000 5000 15000 25000 South 14 1 Manager XXX 19000 5000 15000 25000 South 14 1 Manager I would like to display Salary, Sal Min, Sal Mid, and Sal Max using a line graph. I would like the user to be able to select Job Grade, Division, and/or Job to determine what is charted. Is this possible? Would I somehow be able to do this if I used a pivottable or converted my data into a datatable? Thanks.

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  • blackberry implement audio player

    - by Prasad
    Hi, I am developing an application which let users to hear songs online. And I used Blackberry Player and Manager APIs. My application works fine and I can play songs. Now I wan't to add more controls to it. As an example I want pause, play songs. Mute the sound, Control the volume. Display the progress of the play back. Display the current time position of the song like that. I started research on that. And I tried to do that with PlayerListener. But unfortunately all the time I am getting IllegalStateException. So I can't go ahead with that research. As a help can someone please tell me how can I implement above kind of controls for a player. Appreciate if someone can post a sample code to do that. Further I will put my playback source code here. public void run() { try { p = Manager.createPlayer(requestedSong + SystemSettings.strNetwork); p.setLoopCount(1); p.start(); } catch (IOException ioe) { } catch (MediaException me) { } } public void run() { try { p = Manager.createPlayer(strSongURL); p.setLoopCount(1); p.start(); } catch (IOException ioe) { } catch (MediaException me) { } } Thank you very much. Prasad

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  • Perl - Read XML

    - by chinna_82
    XML <?xml version='1.0'?> <employee> <name>Smith</name> <age>43</age> <sex>M</sex> <department role='manager'>Operations</department> </employee> Perl use XML::Simple; use Data::Dumper; $xml = new XML::Simple; foreach my $data1 ($data = $xml->XMLin("test.xml")) { print Dumper($data1); } Above code managed to all the xml value like this. Output $VAR1 = { 'department' => { 'content' => 'Operations', 'role' => 'manager' }, 'name' => 'John Doe', 'sex' => 'M', 'age' => '43' }; How do I do, if I only want to get the role value. For this example I need to get Role = manager. Any advice or reference link is highly appreciated.

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  • Transfer data between C++ classes efficiently

    - by David
    Hi, Need help... I have 3 classes, Manager which holds 2 pointers. One to class A another to class B . A does not know about B and vise versa. A does some calculations and at the end it puts 3 floats into the clipboard. Next, B pulls from clipboard the 3 floats, and does it's own calculations. This loop is managed by the Manager and repeats many times (iteration after iteration). My problem: Now class A produces a vector of floats which class B needs. This vector can have more than 1000 values and I don't want to use the clipboard to transfer it to B as it will become time consumer, even bottleneck, since this behavior repeats step by step. Simple solution is that B will know A (set a pointer to A). Other one is to transfer a pointer to the vector via Manager But I'm looking for something different, more object oriented that won't break the existent separation between A and B Any ideas ? Many thanks David

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  • User Management: Managing users in user-defined "groups", database schema and logistics

    - by Kevin Brown
    I'm a noob, development wise and logistically-wise. I'm developing a site that lets people take a test... My client wants the ability for a user with the roll/privledge "admin" (a step below a super-admin) to be allowed to create users and only see/edit the users that they create... The users created in that "category" or group need some information that their superior provides. For example, I log in as a "manager", I have the ability to invite people to take the test, and manage those people. Before adding those people, I will have filled out a short survey about myself... Right now, the users that are invited will be asked some of the same questions as the manager. I'd like to cut down the redundancy by using the information put into the database by the manager and apply it to the invited users. How do I set up my database to work with this criterion? I'm a little confused about how to do this! Let me know if I can add more details... (This is a mysql and php app)

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  • Django: Paginator + raw SQL query

    - by Silver Light
    Hello! I'm using Django Paginator everywhere on my website and even wrote a special template tag, to make it more convenient. But now I got to a state, where I need to make a complex custom raw SQL query, that without a LIMIT will return about 100K records. How can I use Django Pagintor with custom query? Simplified example of my problem: My model: class PersonManager(models.Manager): def complicated_list(self): from django.db import connection #Real query is much more complex cursor.execute("""SELECT * FROM `myapp_person`"""); result_list = [] for row in cursor.fetchall(): result_list.append(row[0]); return result_list class Person(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=255); surname = models.CharField(max_length=255); age = models.IntegerField(); objects = PersonManager(); The way I use pagintation with Django ORM: all_objects = Person.objects.all(); paginator = Paginator(all_objects, 10); try: page = int(request.GET.get('page', '1')) except ValueError: page = 1 try: persons = paginator.page(page) except (EmptyPage, InvalidPage): persons = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages) This way, Django get very smart, and adds LIMIT to a query when executing it. But when I use custom manager: all_objects = Person.objects.complicated_list(); all data is selected, and only then python list is sliced, which is VERY slow. How can I make my custom manager behave similar like built in one?

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  • Users Hierarchy Logic

    - by user342944
    Hi guys, I am writing a user security module using SQLServer 2008 so threfore need to design a database accordingly. Formally I had Userinfo table with UserID, Username and ParentID to build a recursion and populated tree to represent hierarchy but now I have following criteria which I need to develop. I have now USERS, ADMINISTRATORS and GROUPS. Each node in the user hierarchy is either a user, administrator or group. User Someone who has login access to my application Administrator A user who may also manage all their child user accounts (and their children etc) This may include creating new users and assigning permissions to those users. There is no limit to the number of administrators in user structure. The higher up in the hierarchy that I go administrators have more child accounts to manage which include other child administrators. Group A user account can be designated as a group. This will be an account which is used to group one or more users together so that they can be manage as a unit. But no one can login to my application using a group account. This is how I want to create structure Super Administrator administrator ------------------------------------------------------------- | | | Manager A Manager B Manager C (adminstrator) (administrator) (administrator) | ----------------------------------------- | | | Employee A Employee B Sales Employees (User) (User) (Group) | ------------------------ | | | Emp C Emp D Emp E (User) (User) (User) Now how to build the table structure to achieve this. Do I need to create Users table alongwith Group table or what? Please guide I would really appreciate.

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