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• Is there a way to run CUDA applications with the CUDA device being a secondary adapter?

  - by Slartibartfast

  I've been trying to run a CUDA program on a remote computer which has Windows 7 installed. The GPU is GeForce GTX 480. One of the problems I've been facing is that, the computer has two adapters, 1) Standard VGA Adapter 2) NVIDIA GeForce GTX 480 Even though this shows in the device manager. The desktop uses the standard VGA Adapter. I'm assuming this is because the Standard VGA is the primary adapter. Also the device manager shows that the monitor is connected to the standard VGA Adapter. In this scenario if i try to run any CUDA application it fails to recognise a CUDA capable device. Is it necessary for the NVIDIA adapter to be the primary one? Or is there any way to use CUDA when the graphics card is a secondary adapter. I've seen a few posts in the NVIDIA forums on this before, one suggests using another low cost NVIDIA card as the primary adapter, but that is currently not an option. I couldn't find any other solutions. Thanks I tried running the deviceQuery test from the NVIDIA GPU Computing Samples. This was the result i obtained CUDA Device Query (Runtime API) version (CUDART static linking) cudaGetDeviceCount FAILED CUDA Driver and Runtime version may be mismatched FAILED The driver version I'm using is 263.06. The CUDA version is 3.2 I ran the same test on my desktop which also has windows 7 and a GeForce GTX 465. The CUDA toolkit version is 3.2. The driver version was the same and the test passed, although it failed with an older driver.

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• MySQL Master - Master Broken

  - by Recc

  I've Inherited a Mysql master master system, I've noticed the second master (lets call it slave from now on as it's running on a 'slave' machine) stopped getting its db's updated. I saw that Master: Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Slave: (with an error I truncated) Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: No Last_Errno: 1062 Last_Error: Error 'Duplicate entry '3' for key 'PRIMARY'' on [...] I don't know what caused it to process considering we cant get duplicate there. What's important is to resume normal operations; Right now I've stop slave; on the Master and stop slave; on the Slave because I saw that if I change records on the Slave the changes Do Get Propagated to Master which is in active use. How do I: Force sync EVERYTHING from master to slave without affecting data on master? Then hopefully have slave pickup replication as usual? UPDATE OK I Tried deleting all tables on slave then it complained in that error section that the 'table' doesnt exist. So i made a no data dump of Master, and made sure I have only empty tables in Secondary (slave). I start slave; on slave BUT now it's complaining about bloody alter table statements for instance: Last_Errno: 1060 Last_Error: Error 'Duplicate column name [...] Query: 'ALTER TABLE [...] How to skip the fracking alter statements I just want to replicate the bloody data and be done with it, my tables have the lates changes already FFS and now its complaining about changes made after the replication seized weeks ago How do I reset the log or something? OUTSTANDING Why would this start happening? The "Secondary" is propagating to "Primary". "Primary" is not propagating to "Secondary". But any fixes I tried to do left it in the same state Yes-Yes Yes-No with same Last_Error. I think around that time the server was taken off the network, could that confuse MySQL in some way?

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• Two servers, two domains, one ip. mod_proxy beginner

  - by Gutsav

  I run two virtual web servers (both running apache2 on debian). I have just one external IP, but two domains, and I want a domain going to each of the servers. I've understood that I need a Reverse Proxy, and I enabled both the mod_proxy and the mod_proxy_http modules on the "primary server". Do I need to enable anything on the "secondary server"? I also understood that I need to write some things in a virtual host file, but what? On the primary server, I have a virtual host file for one of the domains, and some for subdomains. I want domain1.tld to go to the primary server (port 80 is forwarded to it, so that works) and domain2.tld to go to the other server (internal ip 192.168.0.x). No ports needs to be forwarded to it, right? So, what to add and in which virtual host file? Or a new one? Other questions suggest adding ProxyPass and ProxyPassReverse, but I'm lost anyway, and I just don't understand the apache documentation. Thanks in advance

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• Proper end of day sequence to maintain monitor config

  - by WarmBeer

  I've got an HP EliteBook 6930p that travels from home, where it is connected to individual cables, and work where there is a docking station. At both locations I have an external monitor as the secondary monitor and like to have the laptop screen as the primary, i.e. with the task bar. At the end of the day I close the laptop, which is supposed to set it to standby. When I get home I plug in the power cord and the external monitor cord and open the computer. When heading into work I close the computer and unplug everything. Inevitably when I open the computer at the new location the monitors are reversed, i.e. the primary, task bar display is on the external monitor and the laptop shows the secondary, even though when i click identify the laptop has the 1. I then have to disable the secondary display, switch the primary to the laptop and re-enable the secondary. I've tried locking the computer before closing and occasionally that works to keep the setup in place but not always. Any suggestions for how to keep the config in place during transport? ed

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• Did my registrar screw up or is this how name server propagation works?

  - by Brad

  So my company has a number of domains with a large registrar that shall go unnamed. We are making some changes to our DNS infrastructure and the first of those is we are moving our secondary DNS from one server on site to four servers offsite. So we updated the name servers for each domain at the registrar by removing the entry for the old secondary name server and adding the four new ones. I monitored the old secondary server for requests and when I saw no new requests had been made for 24 hours I shut it down. That was this morning. I assumed at this point everything was good. Unfortunately this was my mistake. I should have gone and made sure name servers at large were returning the correct NS records. So this afternoon we were performing maintenance on our primary DNS server and we shut it down. This is when I started getting alerts from our external monitoring. I checked and sure enough, the DNS server used there reported the only NS record for our primary domain was the primary name server. The new secondary servers were not listed and neither was the old secondary. Is it unreasonable of me to have assumed that because the update was from ns1.mydomain.com ns2.mydomain.com to ns1.mydomain.com ns1.backupdns.com ns2.backupdns.com ns3.backupdns.com ns4.backupdns.com in one step at the registrar that there should be no intermediate state where the only NS record was for ns1.mydomain.com? Going forward to be safe obviously I will always leave the old name servers alone until after I'm 100% sure the new ones have propagated and only then remove the old name servers from the registrar. However, I'd still like to know if my registrar screwed up or if my expectation was unreasonable.

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• Routing public IPs (each a /32) through a VPN to another server

  - by Lee S

  Hopefully the title makes sense; I have a server currently in a colo facility, with many IP addresses routed to it. They are individual IPs and not in a contiguous block. Due to vastly improved connectivity (fibre) at home I am slowly bringing my infrastructure in-house for managability and eventually, cost savings. What I would like to do though is use the IP addresses allocated to my existing server, at home. I have an IP block allocated to me on my new ISP connection, but for a couple of reasons I'd like to make use of the colo ones for now: Ease of transition - lots of domains, dns, hard-coded IPs in programs, etc. Connectivity fallback. If my primary line goes down and switches to fallback 1 (dsl) or fallback 2 (4G), I lose access to the ISP-allocated IP block of IPs that are only presented on the primary WAN interface. What I'd like to achieve is my home virtualisation server (Proxmox/Debian-based) "dials in" to the colo server in the colo facility (also Proxmox/Debian) via VPN or similar, and gets to make use of the IP addresses that currently terminate on the colo box. If the primary connection to my ISP goes down and one of the fallback routes kicks in, the VPN tunnel will just time out and then be re-established on the backup connection instead. I'm sure this is doable, but I have no idea how. I'm not afraid to get my hands dirty, I just don't really know where to start?

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• Wireless Access Point stopped working

  - by Alex Pritchard

  I have a simple LAN set up at home using a Linksys WRT54GSV4 as my primary router and an Encore ENHWI-2AN3 as an access point. I connect the Encore to the Linksys by running a cable from one of the Linksys LAN ports into the Encore WAN input. I originally configured this using the Encore setup wizard, setting the device up in AP Router Mode. It detected the input network and worked about as expected, creating a second network that used my primary network to connect to the internet. It worked fine for about 2 weeks, then abruptly cut out today. I checked to make sure the network was still live through the cable going into the Encore (provides internet when connected to a laptop directly) and that devices are still able to connect to the network being broadcast by the Encore. When I try to rerun the connection wizard on the Encore, I receive the message "No Services found in WAN port." The WAN Settings is no longer retrieving a dynamic ip from the line. I tried providing a static IP, assigning an IP address within the subnet range of my primary router that wasn't being used and pointing the Default Gateway to the Linksys IP, but this did not work either. When I plug the cable into the WAN port, an internet light comes on that is not lit when a live network is not connected. I've tried doing a hard reset on the Encore (held down the rest button until the lights flashed, reconfigured from scratch), but the WAN settings are still not detected. Also tried powering off and on the modem, linksys, and encore. Any suggestions would be appreciated!

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• Partition problem tyring to install window 7 starter

  - by ant2009

  Hello HP Mini 210 I am trying to install windows starter 7. Currently I have installed fedora 14 xfce. And I have allocated 24 GB NTFS for hard disk for the windows partition. My current partitions are as follows: /dev/sda2 97G 4.9G 91G 6% / tmpfs 494M 92K 494M 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 485M 68M 392M 15% /boot /dev/sda5 169G 26G 135G 16% /home I have created a boot USD to install windows starter 7. When the computer boots into the windows setup and I selected the partition I want to install windows on. I get the following message: "Setup was unable to create a new system partition or locate an existing system partition." This is setup displaying all my partitions: Disk 0 Partition 1 500MB 0 Primary Disk 0 Partition 2 97.7GB 0 Primary Disk 0 Partition 3 4GB 0 Primary Disk 0 Partition 4 171.3GB 0 Logical Disk 0 Partition 5 24.6GB 24.5 Logical <-- Trying install on this partition NTFS I have also tried to delete the partition in setup and create a new one. And also tried to format the partition. However, I still get the same error message. Many thanks for any advice,

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• Role of MBR in the booting process

  - by pg4421

  I am new to stack overflow. So please correct me if my question seems irrelevant or stupid. I read here in Booting Process : The job of the primary boot loader is to find and load the secondary boot loader (stage 2). It does this by looking through the partition table for an active partition. When it finds an active partition, it scans the remaining partitions in the table to ensure that they're all inactive. When this is verified, the active partition's boot record is read from the device into RAM and executed. The question is that I am having a Hard disk which has two Operating System images windows and ubuntu and hence both partitions in which they reside are active. Then why do we have only one active partition always? (I know that active partition is one of the primary partition but then why we are giving special reference to one primary partition? ) I am confused a bit. Please solve my query. Thank you so much.

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• How can I extend / create a new partition from the following setup?

  - by Kiada

  I'm a little unsure what to do in this situation. When I try to create a new simple volume from the unallocated space I get an error because I already have 4 partitions. I have no option to extend either my C:\ primary partition or the E:\ logical drive. C:\ - Gaming Win7 install. D:\ - Storage Unallocated Space - Would somehow like to install OSX on a partition from this space. E:\ - Software Development Win7 install. I:\ - Ignore this. It's an external 1TB HDD. Do I have any options that do not involve formatting / losing information on either C:\ or E:\? Thank you. Link to visual disk partitioning setup image. Edit: A bit more information regarding partitions. Firstly, the image linked above is a screenshot of Windows 7 partitioning tool, easier to read than text I guess! H:\ System Reserved: 100MB NTFS C:\ 244 GB NTFS Healthy (Page File, Primary Partition) D:\ 294 GB NTFS Healthy (Primary Partition) E:\ 100 GB NTFS Healthy (Boot, Page File, Crash Dump, Logical Drive) Unallocated 292 GB Hope this helps :)

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• SSH problems (ssh_exchange_identification: read: Connection reset by peer)

  - by kSiR

  I was running 11.10 and decided to do the full upgrade and come up to 12.04 after the update SSH (not SSHD) is now misbehaving when attempting to connect to other OpenSSH instances. I say OpenSSH as I am running a DropBear sshd on my router and I am able to connect to it. When attempting to connect to an OpenSSH server risk@skynet:~/.ssh$ ssh -vvv risk@someserver OpenSSH_5.9p1 Debian-5ubuntu1, OpenSSL 1.0.1 14 Mar 2012 debug1: Reading configuration data /home/risk/.ssh/config debug3: key names ok: [[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,ssh-rsa,ssh-dss] debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for * debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0 debug1: Connecting to someserver [someserver] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /home/risk/.ssh/id_rsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/risk/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/risk/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/risk/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1 debug3: Incorrect RSA1 identifier debug3: Could not load "/home/risk/.ssh/id_ecdsa" as a RSA1 public key debug1: identity file /home/risk/.ssh/id_ecdsa type 3 debug1: Checking blacklist file /usr/share/ssh/blacklist.ECDSA-521 debug1: Checking blacklist file /etc/ssh/blacklist.ECDSA-521 debug1: identity file /home/risk/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1 ssh_exchange_identification: read: Connection reset by peer risk@skynet:~/.ssh$ DropBear instance risk@skynet:~/.ssh$ ssh -vvv root@darkness OpenSSH_5.9p1 Debian-5ubuntu1, OpenSSL 1.0.1 14 Mar 2012 debug1: Reading configuration data /home/risk/.ssh/config debug3: key names ok: [[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,ssh-rsa,ssh-dss] debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: Applying options for * debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0 debug1: Connecting to darkness [192.168.1.1] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /home/risk/.ssh/id_rsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/risk/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/risk/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/risk/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1 debug3: Incorrect RSA1 identifier debug3: Could not load "/home/risk/.ssh/id_ecdsa" as a RSA1 public key debug1: identity file /home/risk/.ssh/id_ecdsa type 3 debug1: Checking blacklist file /usr/share/ssh/blacklist.ECDSA-521 debug1: Checking blacklist file /etc/ssh/blacklist.ECDSA-521 debug1: identity file /home/risk/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version dropbear_0.52 debug1: no match: dropbear_0.52 ... I have googled and ran most ALL fixes recommend both from the Debian and Arch sides and none of them seem to resolve my issue. Any ideas?

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• SQLAuthority News – SQL Server 2008 R2 Update for Developers Training Kit (March 2010 Update)

  - by pinaldave

  SQL Server 2008 R2 offers an impressive array of capabilities for developers that build upon key innovations introduced in SQL Server 2008. The SQL Server 2008 R2 Update for Developers Training Kit is ideal for developers who want to understand how to take advantage of the key improvements introduced in SQL [...]

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• Cloud MBaaS : The Next Big Thing in Enterprise Mobility

  - by shiju

  In this blog post, I will take a look at Cloud Mobile Backend as a Service (MBaaS) and how we can leverage Cloud based Mobile Backend as a Service for building enterprise mobile apps. Today, mobile apps are incredibly significant in both consumer and enterprise space and the demand for the mobile apps is unbelievably increasing in day to day business. An enterprise can’t survive in business without a proper mobility strategy. A better mobility strategy and faster delivery of your mobile apps will give you an extra mileage for your business and IT strategy. So organizations and mobile developers are looking for different strategy for meeting this demand and adopting different development strategy for their mobile apps. Some developers are adopting hybrid mobile app development platforms, for delivering their products for multiple platforms, for fast time-to-market. Others are adopting a Mobile enterprise application platform (MEAP) such as Kony for their enterprise mobile apps for fast time-to-market and better business integration. The Challenges of Enterprise Mobility The real challenge of enterprise mobile apps, is not about creating the front-end environment or developing front-end for multiple platforms. The most important thing of enterprise mobile apps is to expose your enterprise data to mobile devices where the real pain is your business data might be residing in lot of different systems including legacy systems, ERP systems etc., and these systems will be deployed with lot of security restrictions. Exposing your data from the on-premises servers, is not a easy thing for most of the business organizations. Many organizations are spending too much time for their front-end development strategy, but they are really lacking for building a strategy on their back-end for exposing the business data to mobile apps. So building a REST services layer and mobile back-end services, on the top of legacy systems and existing middleware systems, is the key part of most of the enterprise mobile apps, where multiple mobile platforms can easily consume these REST services and other mobile back-end services for building mobile apps. For some mobile apps, we can’t predict its user base, especially for products where customers can gradually increase at any time. And for today’s mobile apps, faster time-to-market is very critical so that spending too much time for mobile app’s scalability, will not be worth. The real power of Cloud is the agility and on-demand scalability, where we can scale-up and scale-down our applications very easily. It would be great if we could use the power of Cloud to mobile apps. So using Cloud for mobile apps is a natural fit, where we can use Cloud as the storage for mobile apps and hosting mechanism for mobile back-end services, where we can enjoy the full power of Cloud with greater level of on-demand scalability and operational agility. So Cloud based Mobile Backend as a Service is great choice for building enterprise mobile apps, where enterprises can enjoy the massive scalability power of their mobile apps, provided by public cloud vendors such as Microsoft Windows Azure. Mobile Backend as a Service (MBaaS) We have discussed the key challenges of enterprise mobile apps and how we can leverage Cloud for hosting mobile backend services. MBaaS is a set of cloud-based, server-side mobile services for multiple mobile platforms and HTML5 platform, which can be used as a backend for your mobile apps with the scalability power of Cloud. The information below provides the key features of a typical MBaaS platform: Cloud based storage for your application data. Automatic REST API services on the application data, for CRUD operations. Native push notification services with massive scalability power. User management services for authenticate users. User authentication via Social accounts such as Facebook, Google, Microsoft, and Twitter. Scheduler services for periodically sending data to mobile devices. Native SDKs for multiple mobile platforms such as Windows Phone and Windows Store, Android, Apple iOS, and HTML5, for easily accessing the mobile services from mobile apps, with better security.  Typically, a MBaaS platform will provide native SDKs for multiple mobile platforms so that we can easily consume the server-side mobile services. MBaaS based REST APIs can use for integrating to enterprise backend systems. We can use the same mobile services for multiple platform so hat we can reuse the application logic to multiple mobile platforms. Public cloud vendors are building the mobile services on the top of their PaaS offerings. Windows Azure Mobile Services is a great platform for a MBaaS offering that is leveraging Windows Azure Cloud platform’s PaaS capabilities. Hybrid mobile development platform Titanium provides their own MBaaS services. LoopBack is a new MBaaS service provided by Node.js consulting firm StrongLoop, which can be hosted on multiple cloud platforms and also for on-premises servers. The Challenges of MBaaS Solutions If you are building your mobile apps with a new data storage, it will be very easy, since there is not any integration challenges you have to face. But most of the use cases, you have to extract your application data in which stored in on-premises servers which might be under VPNs and firewalls. So exposing these data to your MBaaS solution with a proper security would be a big challenge. The capability of your MBaaS vendor is very important as you have to interact with your legacy systems for many enterprise mobile apps. So you should be very careful about choosing for MBaaS vendor. At the same time, you should have a proper strategy for mobilizing your application data which stored in on-premises legacy systems, where your solution architecture and strategy is more important than platforms and tools.  Windows Azure Mobile Services Windows Azure Mobile Services is an MBaaS offerings from Windows Azure cloud platform. IMHO, Microsoft Windows Azure is the best PaaS platform in the Cloud space. Windows Azure Mobile Services extends the PaaS capabilities of Windows Azure, to mobile devices, which can be used as a cloud backend for your mobile apps, which will provide global availability and reach for your mobile apps. Windows Azure Mobile Services provides storage services, user management with social network integration, push notification services and scheduler services and provides native SDKs for all major mobile platforms and HTML5. In Windows Azure Mobile Services, you can write server-side scripts in Node.js where you can enjoy the full power of Node.js including the use of NPM modules for your server-side scripts. In the previous section, we had discussed some challenges of MBaaS solutions. You can leverage Windows Azure Cloud platform for solving many challenges regarding with enterprise mobility. The entire Windows Azure platform can play a key role for working as the backend for your mobile apps where you can leverage the entire Windows Azure platform for your mobile apps. With Windows Azure, you can easily connect to your on-premises systems which is a key thing for mobile backend solutions. Another key point is that Windows Azure provides better integration with services like Active Directory, which makes Windows Azure as the de facto platform for enterprise mobility, for enterprises, who have been leveraging Microsoft ecosystem for their application and IT infrastructure. Windows Azure Mobile Services  is going to next evolution where you can expect some exciting features in near future. One area, where Windows Azure Mobile Services should definitely need an improvement, is about the default storage mechanism in which currently it is depends on SQL Server. IMHO, developers should be able to choose multiple default storage option when creating a new mobile service instance. Let’s say, there should be a different storage providers such as SQL Server storage provider and Table storage provider where developers should be able to choose their choice of storage provider when creating a new mobile services project. I have been used Windows Azure and Windows Azure Mobile Services as the backend for production apps for mobile, where it performed very well. MBaaS Over MEAP Recently, many larger enterprises has been adopted Mobile enterprise application platform (MEAP) for their mobile apps. I haven’t worked on any production MEAP solution, but I heard that developers are really struggling with MEAP in different way. The learning curve for a proprietary MEAP platform is very high. I am completely against for using larger proprietary ecosystem for mobile apps. For enterprise mobile apps, I highly recommend to use native iOS/Android/Windows Phone or HTML5  for front-end with a cloud hosted MBaaS solution as the middleware. A MBaaS service can be consumed from multiple mobile apps where REST APIs are using to integrating with enterprise backend systems. Enterprise mobility should start with exposing REST APIs on the enterprise backend systems and these REST APIs can host on Cloud where we can enjoy the power of Cloud for our services. If you are having REST APIs for your enterprise data, then you can easily build mobile frontends for multiple platforms.   You can follow me on Twitter @shijucv

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• Earthquake Locator - Live Demo and Source Code

  - by Bobby Diaz

  Quick Links Live Demo Source Code I finally got a live demo up and running!  I signed up for a shared hosting account over at discountasp.net so I could post a working version of the Earthquake Locator application, but ran into a few minor issues related to RIA Services.  Thankfully, Tim Heuer had already encountered and explained all of the problems I had along with solutions to these and other common pitfalls.  You can find his blog post here.  The ones that got me were the default authentication tag being set to Windows instead of Forms, needed to add the <baseAddressPrefixFilters> tag since I was running on a shared server using host headers, and finally the Multiple Authentication Schemes settings in the IIS7 Manager.   To get the demo application ready, I pulled down local copies of the earthquake data feeds that the application can use instead of pulling from the USGS web site.  I basically added the feed URL as an app setting in the web.config:       <appSettings>         <!-- USGS Data Feeds: http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/catalogs/ -->         <!--<add key="FeedUrl"             value="http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/catalogs/1day-M2.5.xml" />-->         <!--<add key="FeedUrl"             value="http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/catalogs/7day-M2.5.xml" />-->         <!--<add key="FeedUrl"             value="~/Demo/1day-M2.5.xml" />-->         <add key="FeedUrl"              value="~/Demo/7day-M2.5.xml" />     </appSettings> You will need to do the same if you want to run from local copies of the feed data.  I also made the following minor changes to the EarthquakeService class so that it gets the FeedUrl from the web.config:       private static readonly string FeedUrl = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["FeedUrl"];       /// <summary>     /// Gets the feed at the specified URL.     /// </summary>     /// <param name="url">The URL.</param>     /// <returns>A <see cref="SyndicationFeed"/> object.</returns>     public static SyndicationFeed GetFeed(String url)     {         SyndicationFeed feed = null;           if ( !String.IsNullOrEmpty(url) && url.StartsWith("~") )         {             // resolve virtual path to physical file system             url = System.Web.HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath(url);         }           try         {             log.Debug("Loading RSS feed: " + url);               using ( var reader = XmlReader.Create(url) )             {                 feed = SyndicationFeed.Load(reader);             }         }         catch ( Exception ex )         {             log.Error("Error occurred while loading RSS feed: " + url, ex);         }           return feed;     } You can now view the live demo or download the source code here, but be sure you have WCF RIA Services installed before running the application locally and make sure the FeedUrl is pointing to a valid location.  Please let me know if you have any comments or if you run into any issues with the code.   Enjoy!

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• SQLAuthority News SQL Server 2008 R2 Update for Developers Training Kit (March 2010 Update)

  SQL Server 2008 R2 offers an impressive array of capabilities for developers that build upon key innovations introduced in SQL Server 2008. The SQL Server 2008 R2 Update for Developers Training Kit is ideal for developers who want to understand how to take advantage of the key improvements introduced in SQL [...]...Did you know that DotNetSlackers also publishes .net articles written by top known .net Authors? We already have over 80 articles in several categories including Silverlight. Take a look: here.

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• OWB 11gR2 &ndash; Degenerate Dimensions

  - by David Allan

  Ever wondered how to build degenerate dimensions in OWB and get the benefits of slowly changing dimensions and cube loading? Now its possible through some changes in 11gR2 to make the dimension and cube loading much more flexible. This will let you get the benefits of OWB's surrogate key handling and slowly changing dimension reference when loading the fact table and need degenerate dimensions (see Ralph Kimball's degenerate dimensions design tip). Here we will see how to use the cube operator to load slowly changing, regular and degenerate dimensions. The cube and cube operator can now work with dimensions which have no surrogate key as well as dimensions with surrogates, so you can get the benefit of the cube loading and incorporate the degenerate dimension loading. What you need to do is create a dimension in OWB that is purely used for ETL metadata; the dimension itself is never deployed (its table is, but has not data) it has no surrogate keys has a single level with a business attribute the degenerate dimension data and a dummy attribute, say description just to pass the OWB validation. When this degenerate dimension is added into a cube, you will need to configure the fact table created and set the 'Deployable' flag to FALSE for the foreign key generated to the degenerate dimension table. The degenerate dimension reference will then be in the cube operator and used when matching. Create the degenerate dimension using the regular wizard. Delete the Surrogate ID attribute, this is not needed. Define a level name for the dimension member (any name). After the wizard has completed, in the editor delete the hierarchy STANDARD that was automatically generated, there is only a single level, no need for a hierarchy and this shouldn't really be created. Deploy the implementing table DD_ORDERNUMBER_TAB, this needs to be deployed but with no data (the mapping here will do a left outer join of the source data with the empty degenerate dimension table). Now, go ahead and build your cube, use the regular TIMES dimension for example and your degenerate dimension DD_ORDERNUMBER, can add in SCD dimensions etc. Configure the fact table created and set Deployable to false, so the foreign key does not get generated. Can now use the cube in a mapping and load data into the fact table via the cube operator, this will look after surrogate lookups and slowly changing dimension references.   If you generate the SQL you will see the ON clause for matching includes the columns representing the degenerate dimension columns. Here we have seen how this use case for loading fact tables using degenerate dimensions becomes a whole lot simpler using OWB 11gR2. I'm sure there are other use cases where using this mix of dimensions with surrogate and regular identifiers is useful, Fact tables partitioned by date columns is another classic example that this will greatly help and make the cube operator much more useful. Good to hear any comments.

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• Solaris X86 AESNI OpenSSL Engine

  - by danx

  Solaris X86 AESNI OpenSSL Engine Cryptography is a major component of secure e-commerce. Since cryptography is compute intensive and adds a significant load to applications, such as SSL web servers (https), crypto performance is an important factor. Providing accelerated crypto hardware greatly helps these applications and will help lead to a wider adoption of cryptography, and lower cost, in e-commerce and other applications. The Intel Westmere microprocessor has six new instructions to acclerate AES encryption. They are called "AESNI" for "AES New Instructions". These are unprivileged instructions, so no "root", other elevated access, or context switch is required to execute these instructions. These instructions are used in a new built-in OpenSSL 1.0 engine available in Solaris 11, the aesni engine. Previous Work Previously, AESNI instructions were introduced into the Solaris x86 kernel and libraries. That is, the "aes" kernel module (used by IPsec and other kernel modules) and the Solaris pkcs11 library (for user applications). These are available in Solaris 10 10/09 (update 8) and above, and Solaris 11. The work here is to add the aesni engine to OpenSSL. X86 AESNI Instructions Intel's Xeon 5600 is one of the processors that support AESNI. This processor is used in the Sun Fire X4170 M2 As mentioned above, six new instructions acclerate AES encryption in processor silicon. The new instructions are: aesenc performs one round of AES encryption. One encryption round is composed of these steps: substitute bytes, shift rows, mix columns, and xor the round key. aesenclast performs the final encryption round, which is the same as above, except omitting the mix columns (which is only needed for the next encryption round). aesdec performs one round of AES decryption aesdeclast performs the final AES decryption round aeskeygenassist Helps expand the user-provided key into a "key schedule" of keys, one per round aesimc performs an "inverse mixed columns" operation to convert the encryption key schedule into a decryption key schedule pclmulqdq Not a AESNI instruction, but performs "carryless multiply" operations to acclerate AES GCM mode. Since the AESNI instructions are implemented in hardware, they take a constant number of cycles and are not vulnerable to side-channel timing attacks that attempt to discern some bits of data from the time taken to encrypt or decrypt the data. Solaris x86 and OpenSSL Software Optimizations Having X86 AESNI hardware crypto instructions is all well and good, but how do we access it? The software is available with Solaris 11 and is used automatically if you are running Solaris x86 on a AESNI-capable processor. AESNI is used internally in the kernel through kernel crypto modules and is available in user space through the PKCS#11 library. For OpenSSL on Solaris 11, AESNI crypto is available directly with a new built-in OpenSSL 1.0 engine, called the "aesni engine." This is in lieu of the extra overhead of going through the Solaris OpenSSL pkcs11 engine, which accesses Solaris crypto and digest operations. Instead, AESNI assembly is included directly in the new aesni engine. Instead of including the aesni engine in a separate library in /lib/openssl/engines/, the aesni engine is "built-in", meaning it is included directly in OpenSSL's libcrypto.so.1.0.0 library. This reduces overhead and the need to manually specify the aesni engine. Since the engine is built-in (that is, in libcrypto.so.1.0.0), the openssl -engine command line flag or API call is not needed to access the engine—the aesni engine is used automatically on AESNI hardware. Ciphers and Digests supported by OpenSSL aesni engine The Openssl aesni engine auto-detects if it's running on AESNI hardware and uses AESNI encryption instructions for these ciphers: AES-128-CBC, AES-192-CBC, AES-256-CBC, AES-128-CFB128, AES-192-CFB128, AES-256-CFB128, AES-128-CTR, AES-192-CTR, AES-256-CTR, AES-128-ECB, AES-192-ECB, AES-256-ECB, AES-128-OFB, AES-192-OFB, and AES-256-OFB. Implementation of the OpenSSL aesni engine The AESNI assembly language routines are not a part of the regular Openssl 1.0.0 release. AESNI is a part of the "HEAD" ("development" or "unstable") branch of OpenSSL, for future release. But AESNI is also available as a separate patch provided by Intel to the OpenSSL project for OpenSSL 1.0.0. A minimal amount of "glue" code in the aesni engine works between the OpenSSL libcrypto.so.1.0.0 library and the assembly functions. The aesni engine code is separate from the base OpenSSL code and requires patching only a few source files to use it. That means OpenSSL can be more easily updated to future versions without losing the performance from the built-in aesni engine. OpenSSL aesni engine Performance Here's some graphs of aesni engine performance I measured by running openssl speed -evp $algorithm where $algorithm is aes-128-cbc, aes-192-cbc, and aes-256-cbc. These are using the 64-bit version of openssl on the same AESNI hardware, a Sun Fire X4170 M2 with a Intel Xeon E5620 @2.40GHz, running Solaris 11 FCS. "Before" is openssl without the aesni engine and "after" is openssl with the aesni engine. The numbers are MBytes/second. OpenSSL aesni engine performance on Sun Fire X4170 M2 (Xeon E5620 @2.40GHz) (Higher is better; "before"=OpenSSL on AESNI without AESNI engine software, "after"=OpenSSL AESNI engine) As you can see the speedup is dramatic for all 3 key lengths and for data sizes from 16 bytes to 8 Kbytes—AESNI is about 7.5-8x faster over hand-coded amd64 assembly (without aesni instructions). Verifying the OpenSSL aesni engine is present The easiest way to determine if you are running the aesni engine is to type "openssl engine" on the command line. No configuration, API, or command line options are needed to use the OpenSSL aesni engine. If you are running on Intel AESNI hardware with Solaris 11 FCS, you'll see this output indicating you are using the aesni engine: intel-westmere $ openssl engine (aesni) Intel AES-NI engine (no-aesni) (dynamic) Dynamic engine loading support (pkcs11) PKCS #11 engine support If you are running on Intel without AESNI hardware you'll see this output indicating the hardware can't support the aesni engine: intel-nehalem $ openssl engine (aesni) Intel AES-NI engine (no-aesni) (dynamic) Dynamic engine loading support (pkcs11) PKCS #11 engine support For Solaris on SPARC or older Solaris OpenSSL software, you won't see any aesni engine line at all. Third-party OpenSSL software (built yourself or from outside Oracle) will not have the aesni engine either. Solaris 11 FCS comes with OpenSSL version 1.0.0e. The output of typing "openssl version" should be "OpenSSL 1.0.0e 6 Sep 2011". 64- and 32-bit OpenSSL OpenSSL comes in both 32- and 64-bit binaries. 64-bit executable is now the default, at /usr/bin/openssl, and OpenSSL 64-bit libraries at /lib/amd64/libcrypto.so.1.0.0 and libssl.so.1.0.0 The 32-bit executable is at /usr/bin/i86/openssl and the libraries are at /lib/libcrytpo.so.1.0.0 and libssl.so.1.0.0. Availability The OpenSSL AESNI engine is available in Solaris 11 x86 for both the 64- and 32-bit versions of OpenSSL. It is not available with Solaris 10. You must have a processor that supports AESNI instructions, otherwise OpenSSL will fallback to the older, slower AES implementation without AESNI. Processors that support AESNI include most Westmere and Sandy Bridge class processor architectures. Some low-end processors (such as for mobile/laptop platforms) do not support AESNI. The easiest way to determine if the processor supports AESNI is with the isainfo -v command—look for "amd64" and "aes" in the output: $ isainfo -v 64-bit amd64 applications pclmulqdq aes sse4.2 sse4.1 ssse3 popcnt tscp ahf cx16 sse3 sse2 sse fxsr mmx cmov amd_sysc cx8 tsc fpu Conclusion The Solaris 11 OpenSSL aesni engine provides easy access to powerful Intel AESNI hardware cryptography, in addition to Solaris userland PKCS#11 libraries and Solaris crypto kernel modules.

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• How to install Windows 8 to dual boot with Windows 7/XP?

  - by Gopinath

  Microsoft released Windows 8 beta(customer preview) few days ago and yesterday I had a chance to install it on one of my home computers. My home PC is running on Windows 7 and I would like to install Windows 8 side by side so that I can dual boot. The installation process was pretty simple and with in 40 minutes my PC was up and running with beautiful Windows 8 OS along with Windows 7. In this post I want to share my experience and provide information for you to install Windows 8. 1. Identify a drive  with at least 20 GB of space – Identify one of the drives on your hard disk that can be used to install Windows 8. Delete all the files or preferably quick format it and make sure that it has at least 20 GB of free space. Rename the drive name to Windows 8 so that it will be helpful to identify the destination drive during installation process. 2. Download Windows 8 installer ISO– Go to Microsoft’s website and download Windows 8 ISO file which is approximately 2.5 GB file(32 bit English version). 3. Create Windows 8 bootable USB/DVD – Its advised to launch Windows 8 installer using a bootable USB or DVD for enabling dual boot instead of unzipping the ISO file and launching the setup from Windows 7 OS. Also consider creating bootable USB instead of bootable DVD to save a disc. To create bootable USB/DVD follow these steps Download and install the Windows 7 DVD / USB tool available at microsoftstore.com Launch the utility and follow the onscreen instructions where you would be asked to choose the ISO file(point to file downloaded in step 2) and choose a USB drive or DVD as destination. The onscreen instructions are very simple and you would be able to complete it in 20 minutes time. So now you have Windows 8 installation setup on your USB drive or DVD. 4. Change BIOS settings to boot from USB/DVD – Restart your PC and open BIOS configuration settings key by pressing F2 or  F12 or DELETE key (the key depends on your computer manufacturer). Go to boot sequence options and make sure that USB/DVD is ahead of hard disk in the boot sequence. Save the settings and restart the PC. 5. Install Windows 8 – After the restart you should be straight into Windows 8 installation screen. Follow the onscreen instructions and install Windows 8 on the drive that is identified during step 1. When prompted for product serial key enter NF32V-Q9P3W-7DR7Y-JGWRW-JFCK8. The installer would restart couple of times during the installation process. On the first restart, make sure that you remove USB/DVD. Windows 8 installation process is pretty simple and very quick. The complete process of creating bootable USB and installation should complete in 30 – 40 minutes time.

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• Understanding Oracle: Demystifying OpenWorld

  - by mseika

  Seminar: Wednesday 24th October 2012: Avnet, Bracknell Oracle OpenWorld is the world's largest event dedicated to helping enterprises harness the power of technology, during a full week in October. Oracle Corporation always uses Oracle OpenWorld to make its most important product announcements, and this year is no exception. We realise that not all our partners can attend this prestigious event in San Francisco, primarily due to time and cost pressures. Oracle OpenWorld is the only conference that goes this deep and wide with Oracle technology, providing thousands of sessions and hundreds of demonstrations geared toward helping partners and customers get better results with the technology it has —and plan strategically for the technology it will need to keep ahead of the competition in the years to come. With the sheer number of announcements planned, it is sometimes difficult to find your way through the fog and identify the opportunities relevant to your business to take advantage of, this coming year. So why not engage with the Oracle's UK team via Avnet and get the announcements shared with you face-to-face, in the UK? As a key Value Added Distributor of Oracle Applications, Technology and Hardware solutions, Avnet has been attending Oracle OpenWorld for a number of years and invites our partners to attend a half day summary event which will share the keynote announcements. We will also help prioritise for you the announcements of greatest interest and business opportunity for the UK channel. Agenda Time Module 12:00-13:15 Registration and lunch 13:15-14:00 Introductions and Key Hardware announcements Discover how Oracle's complete and integrated application-aware virtualization solutions, including virtualization for SPARC and x86 architectures, can help you gain better efficiencies across your business. Get updates on how Oracle storage products and solutions can accelerate database performance, improve application responsiveness, and meet your data protection needs. 14:00-14:15 Q&A and Break 14:15-15:00 Key Technology announcements Technology products, encompassing Oracle's Database 12c and Middleware, are revolutionizing the industry with record-breaking performance, helping customers consolidate onto private clouds and achieve high returns on investment. 15:00-15:15 Q&A and Break 15:15-16:00 Key Applications announcements Presentations focused on Oracle's strategy and vision for its applications business, including Oracle E-Business Suite; Oracle's PeopleSoft, JD Edwards, Siebel, Hyperion, and Agile products; and the newly available Oracle Fusion Applications. 16:00-16:30 Oracle-on-Oracle announcements & business opportunities with Avnet Learn about Oracle's cloud computing and Oracle-on-Oracle strategies and find out more about Oracle's engineered systems for the broad market 16:30 Close * Please note agenda may be subject to change What do you need to do now Register now or for more information email our Oracle events team at [email protected]. N.B. Places are limited, so please register early to avoid disappointment.

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• Quartz.Net Windows Service Configure Logging

  - by Tarun Arora

  In this blog post I’ll be covering, Logging for Quartz.Net Windows Service 01 – Why doesn’t Quartz.Net Windows Service log by default 02 – Configuring Quartz.Net windows service for logging to eventlog, file, console, etc 03 – Results: Logging in action If you are new to Quartz.Net I would recommend going through, A brief Introduction to Quartz.net Walkthrough of Installing & Testing Quartz.Net as a Windows Service Writing & Scheduling your First HelloWorld job with Quartz.Net   01 – Why doesn’t Quartz.Net Windows Service log by default If you are trying to figure out why… The Quartz.Net windows service isn’t logging The Quartz.Net windows service isn’t writing anything to the event log The Quartz.Net windows service isn’t writing anything to a file How do I configure Quartz.Net windows service to use log4Net How do I change the level of logging for Quartz.Net Look no further, This blog post should help you answer these questions. Quartz.NET uses the Common.Logging framework for all of its logging needs. If you navigate to the directory where Quartz.Net Windows Service is installed (I have the service installed in C:\Program Files (x86)\Quartz.net, you can find out the location by looking at the properties of the service) and open ‘Quartz.Server.exe.config’ you’ll see that the Quartz.Net is already set up for logging to ConsoleAppender and EventLogAppender, but only ‘ConsoleAppender’ is set up as active. So, unless you have the console associated to the Quartz.Net service you won’t be able to see any logging. <log4net> <appender name="ConsoleAppender" type="log4net.Appender.ConsoleAppender"> <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%d [%t] %-5p %l - %m%n" /> </layout> </appender> <appender name="EventLogAppender" type="log4net.Appender.EventLogAppender"> <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%d [%t] %-5p %l - %m%n" /> </layout> </appender> <root> <level value="INFO" /> <appender-ref ref="ConsoleAppender" /> <!-- uncomment to enable event log appending --> <!-- <appender-ref ref="EventLogAppender" /> --> </root> </log4net> Problem: In the configuration above Quartz.Net Windows Service only has ConsoleAppender active. So, no logging will be done to EventLog. More over the RollingFileAppender isn’t setup at all. So, Quartz.Net will not log to an application trace log file. 02 – Configuring Quartz.Net windows service for logging to eventlog, file, console, etc Let’s change this behaviour by changing the config file… In the below config file, I have added the RollingFileAppender. This will configure Quartz.Net service to write to a log file. (<appender name="GeneralLog" type="log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender">) I have specified the location for the log file (<arg key="configFile" value="Trace/application.log.txt"/>) I have enabled the EventLogAppender and RollingFileAppender to be written to by Quartz. Net windows service Changed the default level of logging from ‘Info’ to ‘All’. This means all activity performed by Quartz.Net Windows service will be logged. You might want to tune this back to ‘Debug’ or ‘Info’ later as logging ‘All’ will produce too much data to the logs. (<level value="ALL"/>) Since I have changed the logging level to ‘All’, I have added applicationSetting to remove logging log4Net internal debugging. (<add key="log4net.Internal.Debug" value="false"/>) <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <configuration> <configSections> <section name="quartz" type="System.Configuration.NameValueSectionHandler, System, Version=1.0.5000.0,Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" /> <section name="log4net" type="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler, log4net" /> <sectionGroup name="common"> <section name="logging" type="Common.Logging.ConfigurationSectionHandler, Common.Logging" /> </sectionGroup> </configSections> <common> <logging> <factoryAdapter type="Common.Logging.Log4Net.Log4NetLoggerFactoryAdapter, Common.Logging.Log4net"> <arg key="configType" value="INLINE" /> <arg key="configFile" value="Trace/application.log.txt"/> <arg key="level" value="ALL" /> </factoryAdapter> </logging> </common> <appSettings> <add key="log4net.Internal.Debug" value="false"/> </appSettings> <log4net> <appender name="ConsoleAppender" type="log4net.Appender.ConsoleAppender"> <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%d [%t] %-5p %l - %m%n" /> </layout> </appender> <appender name="EventLogAppender" type="log4net.Appender.EventLogAppender"> <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%d [%t] %-5p %l - %m%n" /> </layout> </appender> <appender name="GeneralLog" type="log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender"> <file value="Trace/application.log.txt"/> <appendToFile value="true"/> <maximumFileSize value="1024KB"/> <rollingStyle value="Size"/> <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%d{HH:mm:ss} [%t] %-5p %c - %m%n"/> </layout> </appender> <root> <level value="ALL" /> <appender-ref ref="ConsoleAppender" /> <appender-ref ref="EventLogAppender" /> <appender-ref ref="GeneralLog"/> </root> </log4net> </configuration>   Note – Please ensure you restart the Quartz.Net Windows service for the config changes to be picked up by the service   03 – Results: Logging in action Once you start the Quartz.Net Windows Service up, the logging should be initiated to write all activities in the Console, EventLog and File… See screen shots below… Figure – Quartz.Net Windows Service logging all activity to the event log Figure – Quartz.Net Windows Service logging all activity to the application log file Where is the output from log4Net ConsoleAppender? As a default behaviour, the console isn't available in windows services, web services, windows forms. The output will simply be dismissed. Unless you are running the process interactively. Which you can do by firing up Quartz.Server.exe –i to see the output   This was fourth in the series of posts on enterprise scheduling using Quartz.net, in the next post I’ll be covering troubleshooting why a scheduled task hasn’t fired on Quartz.net windows service. All Quartz.Net specific blog posts can listed here. Thank you for taking the time out and reading this blog post. If you enjoyed the post, remember to subscribe to http://feeds.feedburner.com/TarunArora. Stay tuned!

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• Invitation: WebCenter Implementation Specialist Exam Preparation Webcasts

  - by rituchhibber

  Oracle Partner Network would like to invite you to Refresh Courses for WebCenter Content and WebCenter Portal, to help partners to prepare for the WebCenter Implementation Specialist EXAMS.This is a 3 hours intensive refresher partner-only training session, providing attendees with an overview of WebCenter Content and WebCenter Portal functions and related topics. After the refresher part you will be able to take the relevant Implementation Specialist EXAM depending on your personal focus. NOTE: This is only suitable for experienced WebCenter Content or WebCenter Portal practitioners Who should attend?Partner Consultants who want to become an Oracle WebCenter Content or a WebCenter Portal Certified Implementation Specialist or both, that will help them to differentiate themselves in front of customers and support their Companies to become Specialized. Webcast Details: Date Topic Speaker  Web Call Details  Intercall Details  December 14th WebCenter Content RefreshCourse Markus Neubauer, SilburyWebCenter Content Specialized Partner Join Webcast Dial-in numbers:CC/SP: 1579222/9221 Time: 12:00 -15:00 CET Break around 13:30 Conference ID/Key: 9249533/1412 Date Topic Speaker Web Call Details Intercall Details January 10th                  WebCenter Portal    Refresh Course                   Yannick Ongena, InfoMentumWebCenter Portal Specialized Partner                     Join Webcast Dial-in numbers:CC/SP: 1579222/9221 Time: 12:00 -15:00 CET Break around 13:30 Conference ID/Key: 9249375/1001 Date Topic Speaker Web Call Details Intercall Details February 22nd                WebCenter Content  RefreshCourse Markus Neubauer, SilburyWebCenter Content Specialized Partner    Join Webcast Dial-in numbers:CC/SP: 1579222/9221 Time: 12:00 -15:00 CET Break around13:30 Conference ID/Key: 9249541/2202 Date Topic Speaker Web Call Details Intercall Details  March 13th                WebCenter Portal   Refresh     Course      Yannick Ongena, InfoMentumWebCenter Portal Specialized Partner    Join Webcast Dial-in numbers:CC/SP: 1579222/9221 Time: 12:00 -15:00 CET Break around 13:30 Conference ID/Key: 9249549/1303 Local dial-in numbers can be found here . Next Steps:After the Webcast you will receive the Training material and FREE Vouchers to book and take the: Oracle ECM 11g Certified Implementation Specialist EXAM Oracle WebCenter 11g Essentials EXAM Booking with Voucher can be done on www.pearsonvue.com. Note: FREE Vouchers will be send after attending the webcast.

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• Solaris X86 AESNI OpenSSL Engine

  - by danx

  Solaris X86 AESNI OpenSSL Engine Cryptography is a major component of secure e-commerce. Since cryptography is compute intensive and adds a significant load to applications, such as SSL web servers (https), crypto performance is an important factor. Providing accelerated crypto hardware greatly helps these applications and will help lead to a wider adoption of cryptography, and lower cost, in e-commerce and other applications. The Intel Westmere microprocessor has six new instructions to acclerate AES encryption. They are called "AESNI" for "AES New Instructions". These are unprivileged instructions, so no "root", other elevated access, or context switch is required to execute these instructions. These instructions are used in a new built-in OpenSSL 1.0 engine available in Solaris 11, the aesni engine. Previous Work Previously, AESNI instructions were introduced into the Solaris x86 kernel and libraries. That is, the "aes" kernel module (used by IPsec and other kernel modules) and the Solaris pkcs11 library (for user applications). These are available in Solaris 10 10/09 (update 8) and above, and Solaris 11. The work here is to add the aesni engine to OpenSSL. X86 AESNI Instructions Intel's Xeon 5600 is one of the processors that support AESNI. This processor is used in the Sun Fire X4170 M2 As mentioned above, six new instructions acclerate AES encryption in processor silicon. The new instructions are: aesenc performs one round of AES encryption. One encryption round is composed of these steps: substitute bytes, shift rows, mix columns, and xor the round key. aesenclast performs the final encryption round, which is the same as above, except omitting the mix columns (which is only needed for the next encryption round). aesdec performs one round of AES decryption aesdeclast performs the final AES decryption round aeskeygenassist Helps expand the user-provided key into a "key schedule" of keys, one per round aesimc performs an "inverse mixed columns" operation to convert the encryption key schedule into a decryption key schedule pclmulqdq Not a AESNI instruction, but performs "carryless multiply" operations to acclerate AES GCM mode. Since the AESNI instructions are implemented in hardware, they take a constant number of cycles and are not vulnerable to side-channel timing attacks that attempt to discern some bits of data from the time taken to encrypt or decrypt the data. Solaris x86 and OpenSSL Software Optimizations Having X86 AESNI hardware crypto instructions is all well and good, but how do we access it? The software is available with Solaris 11 and is used automatically if you are running Solaris x86 on a AESNI-capable processor. AESNI is used internally in the kernel through kernel crypto modules and is available in user space through the PKCS#11 library. For OpenSSL on Solaris 11, AESNI crypto is available directly with a new built-in OpenSSL 1.0 engine, called the "aesni engine." This is in lieu of the extra overhead of going through the Solaris OpenSSL pkcs11 engine, which accesses Solaris crypto and digest operations. Instead, AESNI assembly is included directly in the new aesni engine. Instead of including the aesni engine in a separate library in /lib/openssl/engines/, the aesni engine is "built-in", meaning it is included directly in OpenSSL's libcrypto.so.1.0.0 library. This reduces overhead and the need to manually specify the aesni engine. Since the engine is built-in (that is, in libcrypto.so.1.0.0), the openssl -engine command line flag or API call is not needed to access the engine—the aesni engine is used automatically on AESNI hardware. Ciphers and Digests supported by OpenSSL aesni engine The Openssl aesni engine auto-detects if it's running on AESNI hardware and uses AESNI encryption instructions for these ciphers: AES-128-CBC, AES-192-CBC, AES-256-CBC, AES-128-CFB128, AES-192-CFB128, AES-256-CFB128, AES-128-CTR, AES-192-CTR, AES-256-CTR, AES-128-ECB, AES-192-ECB, AES-256-ECB, AES-128-OFB, AES-192-OFB, and AES-256-OFB. Implementation of the OpenSSL aesni engine The AESNI assembly language routines are not a part of the regular Openssl 1.0.0 release. AESNI is a part of the "HEAD" ("development" or "unstable") branch of OpenSSL, for future release. But AESNI is also available as a separate patch provided by Intel to the OpenSSL project for OpenSSL 1.0.0. A minimal amount of "glue" code in the aesni engine works between the OpenSSL libcrypto.so.1.0.0 library and the assembly functions. The aesni engine code is separate from the base OpenSSL code and requires patching only a few source files to use it. That means OpenSSL can be more easily updated to future versions without losing the performance from the built-in aesni engine. OpenSSL aesni engine Performance Here's some graphs of aesni engine performance I measured by running openssl speed -evp $algorithm where $algorithm is aes-128-cbc, aes-192-cbc, and aes-256-cbc. These are using the 64-bit version of openssl on the same AESNI hardware, a Sun Fire X4170 M2 with a Intel Xeon E5620 @2.40GHz, running Solaris 11 FCS. "Before" is openssl without the aesni engine and "after" is openssl with the aesni engine. The numbers are MBytes/second. OpenSSL aesni engine performance on Sun Fire X4170 M2 (Xeon E5620 @2.40GHz) (Higher is better; "before"=OpenSSL on AESNI without AESNI engine software, "after"=OpenSSL AESNI engine) As you can see the speedup is dramatic for all 3 key lengths and for data sizes from 16 bytes to 8 Kbytes—AESNI is about 7.5-8x faster over hand-coded amd64 assembly (without aesni instructions). Verifying the OpenSSL aesni engine is present The easiest way to determine if you are running the aesni engine is to type "openssl engine" on the command line. No configuration, API, or command line options are needed to use the OpenSSL aesni engine. If you are running on Intel AESNI hardware with Solaris 11 FCS, you'll see this output indicating you are using the aesni engine: intel-westmere $ openssl engine (aesni) Intel AES-NI engine (no-aesni) (dynamic) Dynamic engine loading support (pkcs11) PKCS #11 engine support If you are running on Intel without AESNI hardware you'll see this output indicating the hardware can't support the aesni engine: intel-nehalem $ openssl engine (aesni) Intel AES-NI engine (no-aesni) (dynamic) Dynamic engine loading support (pkcs11) PKCS #11 engine support For Solaris on SPARC or older Solaris OpenSSL software, you won't see any aesni engine line at all. Third-party OpenSSL software (built yourself or from outside Oracle) will not have the aesni engine either. Solaris 11 FCS comes with OpenSSL version 1.0.0e. The output of typing "openssl version" should be "OpenSSL 1.0.0e 6 Sep 2011". 64- and 32-bit OpenSSL OpenSSL comes in both 32- and 64-bit binaries. 64-bit executable is now the default, at /usr/bin/openssl, and OpenSSL 64-bit libraries at /lib/amd64/libcrypto.so.1.0.0 and libssl.so.1.0.0 The 32-bit executable is at /usr/bin/i86/openssl and the libraries are at /lib/libcrytpo.so.1.0.0 and libssl.so.1.0.0. Availability The OpenSSL AESNI engine is available in Solaris 11 x86 for both the 64- and 32-bit versions of OpenSSL. It is not available with Solaris 10. You must have a processor that supports AESNI instructions, otherwise OpenSSL will fallback to the older, slower AES implementation without AESNI. Processors that support AESNI include most Westmere and Sandy Bridge class processor architectures. Some low-end processors (such as for mobile/laptop platforms) do not support AESNI. The easiest way to determine if the processor supports AESNI is with the isainfo -v command—look for "amd64" and "aes" in the output: $ isainfo -v 64-bit amd64 applications pclmulqdq aes sse4.2 sse4.1 ssse3 popcnt tscp ahf cx16 sse3 sse2 sse fxsr mmx cmov amd_sysc cx8 tsc fpu Conclusion The Solaris 11 OpenSSL aesni engine provides easy access to powerful Intel AESNI hardware cryptography, in addition to Solaris userland PKCS#11 libraries and Solaris crypto kernel modules.

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• Stairway to SQL Server Indexes: Step 1, Introduction to Indexes

  Indexes are the database objects that enable SQL Server to satisfy each data access request from a client application with the minimum amount of effort, resulting in the maximum performance of individual requests while also reducing the impact of one request upon another. Prerequisites: Familiarity with the following relational database concepts: Table, row, primary key, foreign key Join SQL Backup’s 35,000+ customers to compress and strengthen your backups "SQL Backup will be a REAL boost to any DBA lucky enough to use it." Jonathan Allen. Download a free trial now.

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• How to share two keyboard on the same laptop, french iso layout and usa ansi layout keyboard with usb?

  - by reyman64

  I recently buy a "noppoo choc mini" with this specific ANSI US-INTERNATIONAL pc84 layout. This specific keyboard have only 84 key , a 60% (compact tenkeyless) reduced layout My problem is simple, there is no keyboard layout into Ubuntu 12.04 which correspond to this usa normal ansi layout ... so it's the same problem with reduced version and only 84 key .. I search a template of normal ANSI US-INTERNATIONAL for xmodmap/xkb, and after i can try to manually map the other key. I search on google, and i don't find any other user which have same problem, so it's seem i have not the good keywoard to search this information.. Edit 1 : Here you can see there is probably a bug in ubuntu, because the layout for USA with dead key is not correct ! I have this : http://minus.com/lEdKMrsNAwkVA And other users have this for the same layout : http://i.stack.imgur.com/p52XG.png EDIT 2 It seems after a "sudo dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration" : french standard keyboard pc105 + precision M65 keyboard from dell laptop Now i can see the good us layout in parameters, but i cannot have the iso layout for french usage... EDIT 3 Ok, after reboot i understand the probleme, i explain. I have one laptop with integrated french keyboard, and i want to use my usb keyboard which use a usa ANSI layout. It seem it's impossible in ubuntu and "dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration" to share two different physical layout (ANSI and EU ISO) on the same computer ... EDIT4 Ok, it seems i can switch the physical layout (ISO <- ANSI) with this command in terminal : setxkbmap -layout us setxkbmap -layout us -variant alt-intl an setxkbmap -layout fr It's very complicated qnd it seem ubuntu 12.04 have big problem with keyboard manager ... because all works great with these two commands, without ANY change into the system parameters keyboard !!! Second bug ? The image of the layout for fr is buggy, the layout is not ISO, but i can press on the letter "< " at the left of right shift without any problem ! You can see the image here (french alternative with ANSI layout ? it's crazy ?) : http: //minus.com/lXsDJwoeyWAfF Can you help me on this point ? I'm lost with xkb, and manual mapping is very complicated ... Thanks a lot, SR

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• So which null equals this null, that null? maybe this null, or is it this null?

  - by GrumpyOldDBA

  Tuning takes many routes and I get into some interesting situations and often make some exciting finds, see http://sqlblogcasts.com/blogs/grumpyolddba/archive/2010/05/17/just-when-you-thought-it-was-safe.aspx for an example. Today I encountered a multitude of Foreign Key constraints on a table, now FKs are often candidates for indexes and as none of the defined keys had an index it required a closer look. I view foreign key constraints as somewhat of a pain, excessive keys can cause excessive related...(read more)

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