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• How to install new Intel Ethernet driver

  - by Alex Farber

  Ubuntu 12.04 x64 doesn't recognize newest Intel Ethernet adapter on my desktop (Intel Ethernet Connection i217-V). I downloaded required driver from Intel and compiled it using make. Now I have: alex@alex64-six:~$ find / -name 'e1000e.ko' 2>/dev/null /home/alex/Documents/IntelEthernetDriver/e1000e-3.0.4/src/e1000e.ko /lib/modules/3.2.0-64-generic/kernel/drivers/net/ethernet/intel/e1000e/e1000e.ko The first line is new driver compiled from Intel sources. The second line is probably existing driver from Ubuntu distribution, which doesn't recognize new Ethernet adapter. How can I apply the new driver instead of existing one? Any other solution is welcome. For now, I cannot upgrade to latest Ubuntu release, because I use some third-party products.

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• how get validation messages from mangomapper using rails console ?

  - by Alex

  Hi, I am basically teaching myself how to use RoR and MongoDB at the same time. I am following the very good book / tutorial : http://railstutorial.org/ I decided to replace Sqlite3 by MongoDB using the mongomapper gem. Everything works out about alright, but I am having some non-blocking little issues that I truly wish I could get rid of. In chapter 6, when working with validation I got 2 issues: - I don't know how to get the validations messages back like with Sqlite3. The "standard" code is: $ rails console --sandbox >> user = User.new(:name => "", :email => "[email protected]") >> user.save => false >> user.valid? => false >> user.errors.full_messages => ["Name can't be blank"] but if I try to do the same with MongoMapper, it throws an error saying that errors is undefined function. So does it mean that this is simply not implemented in mongomapper / mongo driver ? Or is there some other clever way to do this that I could not figure ? Additional, 2 things here: - I following the exemple in the book to the line, so I was expecting to be able to use the console in sandbox mode, but apparently that does not work either: (...)ruby-1.9.2-p136@rails3/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/console/sandbox.rb:1:in `<top (required)>': uninitialized constant ActiveRecord (NameError) from /Users/Alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p136@rails3/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/application.rb:226:in `initialize_console' from /Users/Alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p136@rails3/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/application.rb:153:in `load_console' from /Users/Alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p136@rails3/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/commands/console.rb:26:in `start' from /Users/Alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p136@rails3/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/commands/console.rb:8:in `start' from /Users/Alex/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p136@rails3/gems/railties-3.0.3/lib/rails/commands.rb:23:in `<top (required)>' from script/rails:6:in `require' from script/rails:6:in `<main>' Also, in the book they call "user" but I need to call "User" (note the capital U) why is that ? Is it like mangomapper does not follow the Ruby naming convention or something ? And finally, I am trying to validate the field email with a regex as shown in the tutorial. It does not throws any errors at the code, but whenever I try to insert it just won't ever accept it unless I comment out the :format option... class User include MongoMapper::Document key :name, String, :required => true, :length => { :maximum => 50 } key :email, String, :required => true, # :format => { :with => email_regex }, :uniqueness => { :case_sentitive => false} timestamps! end Any advices you can provide on those topics would help me a lot ! Thanks, Alex

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• Silverlight Cream for December 28, 2010 -- #1017

  - by Dave Campbell

  In this Issue: Davide Zordan, Alex Golesh, Michael S. Scherotter, Andrej Tozon, Alex Knight, Jeff Blankenburg(-2-), Jeremy Likness, and Laurent Bugnion. Above the Fold: Silverlight: "My “What’s new in Silverlight 4 demo” app" Andrej Tozon WP7: "Taking a screenshot from within a Silverlight #WP7 application" Laurent Bugnion Expression Blend: "PathListBox: getting started" Alex Knight Shoutouts: If you haven't seen this SurfCube app demo on YouTube yet... check it out now: SurfCube V1.0 Windows Phone 7 Browser Want to get a free WP7 class from Shawn Wildermuth? Check this out: Webinar: Writing your first Windows Phone 7 Application Koen Zwikstra announed the next preview of his great tool: Silverlight Spy Preview 2 From SilverlightCream.com: Using the Multi-Touch Behavior in a Windows Phone 7 Multi-Page application Davide Zordan has a post up responding to questions he receives about multi-touch on WP7 in applications spanning more than one page. Silverlight for Windows Phone 7 Quick Tip: Fix missing icons while using DatePicker/TimePicker controls Alex Golesh discusses the use of the DatePicker control from the WP7 toolkit and found an unpleasant surprise associated with the Done/Cancel icons in the ApplicationBar, and has a solution for us. Updated SMF Thumbnail Scrubbing Sample Code Michael S. Scherotter has a post up about an update he's done to Silverlight 4 of code that allows thumbnail views of a video while 'scrubbing' ... don't know what that is? read the post :) My “What’s new in Silverlight 4 demo” app Andrej Tozon admits he's a little behind with this post, but as he points out, it might be a good time to review Silverlight 4 features, on the eve of 5. PathListBox: getting started One half the Knight team -- Alex Knight this time, has the first post of a series on the PathListBox up ... some real Expression Blend goodness. What I Learned in WP7 – Issue #9 Two more from Jeff Blankenburg today, in his number 9, he starts off demonstrating passing data between pages when navigating and fnishes up with some excellent info for submitting apps to the marketplace. What I Learned in WP7 – #Issue 10 Jeff Blankenburg's number 10 elaborates on the query string data he discussed in number 9. Using Sterling in Windows Phone 7 Applications Who better than the author?? Jeremy Likness has an end-to-end WP7/Sterling app up on his blog... begin with downloading Sterling, discuss what's needed to support Tombstoning, even custom serialization. Taking a screenshot from within a Silverlight #WP7 application Laurent Bugnion has a post up describing something people have been looking for: getting a screenshot of a WP7 application's page. Stay in the 'Light! Twitter SilverlightNews | Twitter WynApse | WynApse.com | Tagged Posts | SilverlightCream Join me @ SilverlightCream | Phoenix Silverlight User Group Technorati Tags: Silverlight    Silverlight 3    Silverlight 4    Windows Phone MIX10

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• ubuntu 11.10 foreman error

  - by user1060759

  Like this post I am also trying to complete this heroku tutorial I have installed and used everything (node.js, npm, express) successfully until I got to Foreman. I installed Foreman by first installing Ruby: alex@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install ruby1.9.1 then installing Foreman. I am a newbie to Unix so I "sudo" perhaps unnecessarily here, but I got confirmation in the terminal that it had installed but also some errors: alex@ubuntu:~/NodeHelloWorld$ sudo gem install foreman Invalid gemspec in [/var/lib/gems/1.8/specifications/foreman-0.26.1.gemspec]: invalid date format in specification: "2011-11-10 00:00:00.000000000Z" Invalid gemspec in [/var/lib/gems/1.8/specifications/term-ansicolor-1.0.7.gemspec]: invalid date format in specification: "2011-10-13 00:00:00.000000000Z" Invalid gemspec in [/var/lib/gems/1.8/specifications/foreman-0.26.1.gemspec]: invalid date format in specification: "2011-11-10 00:00:00.000000000Z" Invalid gemspec in [/var/lib/gems/1.8/specifications/term-ansicolor-1.0.7.gemspec]: invalid date format in specification: "2011-10-13 00:00:00.000000000Z" Successfully installed term-ansicolor-1.0.7 Successfully installed foreman-0.26.1 Then when I try to start foreman I get similar: alex@ubuntu:~/NodeHelloWorld$ foreman start Invalid gemspec in [/var/lib/gems/1.8/specifications/foreman-0.26.1.gemspec]: invalid date format in specification: "2011-11-10 00:00:00.000000000Z" Invalid gemspec in [/var/lib/gems/1.8/specifications/term-ansicolor-1.0.7.gemspec]: invalid date format in specification: "2011-10-13 00:00:00.000000000Z" /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/1.8/rubygems.rb:926:in `report_activate_error': Could not find RubyGem foreman (>= 0) (Gem::LoadError) from /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/1.8/rubygems.rb:244:in `activate_dep' from /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/1.8/rubygems.rb:236:in `activate' from /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/1.8/rubygems.rb:1307:in `gem' from /usr/local/bin/foreman:18 Can anyone help me? I am a newbie to Unix after finally dumping windows as I found I could not get foreman-windows to work for me either I have found this post from someone with apparently the same issue. Does this mean my version of ruby could be wrong? I am running 1.9.1, though again new to ruby as well; alex@ubuntu:~/NodeHelloWorld$ ruby1.9.1 -v ruby 1.9.2p290 (2011-07-09 revision 32553) [i686-linux] Thanks

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• Is there an high quality natural text reader for the mac?

  - by Another Registered User

  I'm reading about 150 pages of text on screen, every day. I will have to read about 15.000 in the next upcoming months. No joke. Well, the problem is this: I suffer from a sort of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder which forces me to read every sentence up to 10 times until I really get it. Mac OS X Snow Leopard has a built-in text reader with the name "Alex". Although it is already pretty good quality, I know there are far better natural sounding voices out there. I have heard already voices that are absolutely amazing compared to Alex. They're so good, that you can't tell anymore the difference between a real person or a computer. Alex still has this "metal factor" in its voice, which makes my ears hurt after 8 hours of listening. The next problem with Alex is, that he never makes a break after a sentence. Also, it's not possible to think about a sentence and then continue reading. It's also not possible to have him repeat a sentence, without tedious text selection and shortcut usage. Actually, the best tool I can imagine would have the option to read a sentence and move on to the next one after pressing a special key, OR repeating the previously one after pressing a special key. That would help so much! And if that's even with one of those bell lab / AT&T / whatever super-natural voices, even better! But it would be already a great relief if there was just a better tool to control Alex. To let him make breaks after sentences or let him speak big chunks of text sentence-by-sentence with fine-grained control over repetition and moving on. Is there anything?

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• Postfix SMTP-relay server against Gmail on CentOS 6.4

  - by Alex

  I'm currently trying to setup an SMTP-relay server to Gmail with Postfix on a CentOS 6.4 machine, so I can send e-mails from my PHP scripts. I followed this tutorial but I get this error output when trying to do a sendmail alex[email protected] Output: tail -f /var/log/maillog Apr 16 01:25:54 ext-server-dev01 postfix/cleanup[3646]: 86C2D3C05B0: message-id=<[email protected]> Apr 16 01:25:54 ext-server-dev01 postfix/qmgr[3643]: 86C2D3C05B0: from=<[email protected]>, size=297, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Apr 16 01:25:56 ext-server-dev01 postfix/smtp[3648]: 86C2D3C05B0: to=<[email protected]>, relay=smtp.gmail.com[173.194.79.108]:587, delay=4.8, delays=3.1/0.04/1.5/0.23, dsn=5.5.1, status=bounced (host smtp.gmail.com[173.194.79.108] said: 530-5.5.1 Authentication Required. Learn more at 530 5.5.1 http://support.google.com/mail/bin/answer.py?answer=14257 qh4sm3305629pac.8 - gsmtp (in reply to MAIL FROM command)) Here is my main.cf configuration, I tried a number of different options but nothing seems to work: alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases command_directory = /usr/sbin config_directory = /etc/postfix daemon_directory = /usr/libexec/postfix data_directory = /var/lib/postfix debug_peer_level = 2 html_directory = no inet_interfaces = localhost inet_protocols = ipv4 mail_owner = postfix mailq_path = /usr/bin/mailq.postfix manpage_directory = /usr/share/man mydestination = $myhostname, localhost.$mydomain, localhost myhostname = host.local.domain myorigin = $myhostname newaliases_path = /usr/bin/newaliases.postfix queue_directory = /var/spool/postfix readme_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.6.6/README_FILES relayhost = [smtp.gmail.com]:587 sample_directory = /usr/share/doc/postfix-2.6.6/samples sendmail_path = /usr/sbin/sendmail.postfix setgid_group = postdrop smtp_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtp_sasl_password_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/sasl_passwd smtp_sasl_security_options = noanonymous smtp_sasl_tls_security_options = noanonymous smtp_sasl_type = cyrus smtp_tls_CAfile = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-bundle.crt smtp_use_tls = yes smtpd_sasl_path = smtpd unknown_local_recipient_reject_code = 550 In the /etc/postfix/sasl_passwd files (sasl_passwd & sasl_passwd.db) I got the following (removed the real password, and replaced it with "password"): [smtp.google.com]:587 [email protected]:password To create the sasl_passwd.db file, I did that by running this command: postmap hash:/etc/postfix/sasl_passwd Do anybody got an idea why I can't seem to send an e-mail from the server? Kind Regards Alex

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• Oracle Application Express (APEX) - Slides & Webcast replay

  - by Alex Blyth

  G'day everyone Thanks to those who attended yesterdays webcast on Oracle Application Express (APEX). A big thanks to Andrew Clarke for presenting on of Oracle's best kept secrets. You can download the slides here and the replay here.4. Oracle Application Express (APEX)View more presentations from Oracle Australia. Next time, Yasin Mohammed will talk to us about all things "Flashback". Details about this session will be posted in the next day or so. Regards Alex

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• Installing Sphinx on Ubuntu - install location

  - by Alex

  I have to install Sphinx on my Ubuntu 11.10 for it to work on a ruby app. I managed to install it through synaptics, however when I run my sphinx (rake ts:rebuild) I get an error message saying: Sphinx cannot be found on your system. You may need to configure the following settings in your config/sphinx.yml file: * bin_path * searchd_binary_name * indexer_binary_name I guess I just need to edit the sphinx.yml file with the right info but hey, i can't seem to find out where sphinx is. Any help? Thx Alex

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• No Android SDK, neither Java found

  - by Alex

  I have Java installed correctly, I did it by the manual http://www.wikihow.com/Install-Oracle-Java-on-Ubuntu-Linux I also installed Android SDK. However when I try to create a new Project IntelliJ Idea 12 and specify Project SDk choosing New - /home/alex/android-sdk-linux , it says me No Java SDK of appropriate version found. In addition to the Android SDK, you need to define a JSDK 1.5, 1.6 or 1.7 What did I miss?

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• links for 2010-03-30

  - by Bob Rhubart

  Antony Reynolds: How is Oracle SOA Suite 11g better than a lawn tractor? SOA author Antony Reynolds describes the correct order for cold-starting an Oracle SOA Suite 11g installation. (tags: otn oracle soasuite soa) Steven Chan: Business Continuity for EBS Using Oracle 11g Physical Standby DB Steven Chan reports shares links to two new documents covering the use of Oracle Data Guard to create physical standby databases for Oracle E-Business Suite environments. (tags: oracle otn ebusinesssuite database) @soatoday: Enterprise Architecture IS Arbitrary "Maybe my opinion is biased because I come from a Software background," says Oracle ACE Director Jordan Braunstein, "but I often think Enterprise Architecture is an Art that is trying to apply a Science." (tags: oracle otn oracleace entarch enterprisearchitecture)

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• Please help clean this loop

  - by Alex Angelini

  I do not code much in Javascript, but I have the following snippet which IMHO looks horrendous and I have to do this nested iteration quite often in my code. Does anyone have a prettier/easier to read solution? function addBrowse(data) { var list = $('<ul></ul>') for(i = 0; i < data.list.length; i++) { var file = list.append('<li class="toLeft">' + data.list[i].name + '</li>') for(j = 0; j < data.list[i].children.length; j++) { var db = file.append('<li>' + data.list[i].children[j].name + '</li>') for(k = 0; k < data.list[i].children[j].children.length; k++) db.append('<li class="toRight">' + data.list[i].children[j].children[k].name + '</li>') } } $('#browse').append(list).show()} Here is a sample data element {"file":"","db":"","tbl":"","page":"browse","list":[ { "name":"/home/alex/GoSource/test1.txt", "children":[ { "name":"go", "children":[ { "name":"validation1", "children":[ ] } ] } ] }, { "name":"/home/alex/GoSource/test2.txt", "children":[ { "name":"go", "children":[ { "name":"validation2", "children":[ ] } ] } ] }, { "name":"/home/alex/GoSource/test3.txt", "children":[ { "name":"go", "children":[ { "name":"validation3", "children":[ ] } ] } ] }]} Thanks a lot

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• How to configure emacs by using this file?

  - by Andy Leman

  From http://public.halogen-dg.com/browser/alex-emacs-settings/.emacs?rev=1346 I got: (setq load-path (cons "/home/alex/.emacs.d/" load-path)) (setq load-path (cons "/home/alex/.emacs.d/configs/" load-path)) (defconst emacs-config-dir "~/.emacs.d/configs/" "") (defun load-cfg-files (filelist) (dolist (file filelist) (load (expand-file-name (concat emacs-config-dir file))) (message "Loaded config file:%s" file) )) (load-cfg-files '("cfg_initsplit" "cfg_variables_and_faces" "cfg_keybindings" "cfg_site_gentoo" "cfg_conf-mode" "cfg_mail-mode" "cfg_region_hooks" "cfg_apache-mode" "cfg_crontab-mode" "cfg_gnuserv" "cfg_subversion" "cfg_css-mode" "cfg_php-mode" "cfg_tramp" "cfg_killbuffer" "cfg_color-theme" "cfg_uniquify" "cfg_tabbar" "cfg_python" "cfg_ack" "cfg_scpaste" "cfg_ido-mode" "cfg_javascript" "cfg_ange_ftp" "cfg_font-lock" "cfg_default_face" "cfg_ecb" "cfg_browser" "cfg_orgmode" ; "cfg_gnus" ; "cfg_cyrillic" )) ; enable disabled advanced features (put 'downcase-region 'disabled nil) (put 'scroll-left 'disabled nil) (put 'upcase-region 'disabled nil) ; narrow cursor ;(setq-default cursor-type 'hbar) (cua-mode) ; highlight current line (global-hl-line-mode 1) ; AV: non-aggressive scrolling (setq scroll-conservatively 100) (setq scroll-preserve-screen-position 't) (setq scroll-margin 0) (custom-set-variables ;; custom-set-variables was added by Custom. ;; If you edit it by hand, you could mess it up, so be careful. ;; Your init file should contain only one such instance. ;; If there is more than one, they won't work right. '(ange-ftp-passive-host-alist (quote (("redbus2.chalkface.com" . "on") ("zope.halogen-dg.com" . "on") ("85.119.217.50" . "on")))) '(blink-cursor-mode nil) '(browse-url-browser-function (quote browse-url-firefox)) '(browse-url-new-window-flag t) '(buffers-menu-max-size 30) '(buffers-menu-show-directories t) '(buffers-menu-show-status nil) '(case-fold-search t) '(column-number-mode t) '(cua-enable-cua-keys nil) '(user-mail-address "[email protected]") '(cua-mode t nil (cua-base)) '(current-language-environment "UTF-8") '(file-name-shadow-mode t) '(fill-column 79) '(grep-command "grep --color=never -nHr -e * | grep -v .svn --color=never") '(grep-use-null-device nil) '(inhibit-startup-screen t) '(initial-frame-alist (quote ((width . 80) (height . 40)))) '(initsplit-customizations-alist (quote (("tabbar" "configs/cfg_tabbar.el" t) ("ecb" "configs/cfg_ecb.el" t) ("ange\\-ftp" "configs/cfg_ange_ftp.el" t) ("planner" "configs/cfg_planner.el" t) ("dired" "configs/cfg_dired.el" t) ("font\\-lock" "configs/cfg_font-lock.el" t) ("speedbar" "configs/cfg_ecb.el" t) ("muse" "configs/cfg_muse.el" t) ("tramp" "configs/cfg_tramp.el" t) ("uniquify" "configs/cfg_uniquify.el" t) ("default" "configs/cfg_font-lock.el" t) ("ido" "configs/cfg_ido-mode.el" t) ("org" "configs/cfg_orgmode.el" t) ("gnus" "configs/cfg_gnus.el" t) ("nnmail" "configs/cfg_gnus.el" t)))) '(ispell-program-name "aspell") '(jabber-account-list (quote (("[email protected]")))) '(jabber-nickname "AVK") '(jabber-password nil) '(jabber-server "halogen-dg.com") '(jabber-username "alex") '(remember-data-file "~/Plans/remember.org") '(safe-local-variable-values (quote ((dtml-top-element . "body")))) '(save-place t nil (saveplace)) '(scroll-bar-mode (quote right)) '(semantic-idle-scheduler-idle-time 432000) '(show-paren-mode t) '(svn-status-hide-unmodified t) '(tool-bar-mode nil nil (tool-bar)) '(transient-mark-mode t) '(truncate-lines f) '(woman-use-own-frame nil)) ; ?? ????? ??????? y ??? n? (fset 'yes-or-no-p 'y-or-n-p) (custom-set-faces ;; custom-set-faces was added by Custom. ;; If you edit it by hand, you could mess it up, so be careful. ;; Your init file should contain only one such instance. ;; If there is more than one, they won't work right. '(compilation-error ((t (:foreground "tomato" :weight bold)))) '(cursor ((t (:background "red1")))) '(custom-variable-tag ((((class color) (background dark)) (:inherit variable-pitch :foreground "DarkOrange" :weight bold)))) '(hl-line ((t (:background "grey24")))) '(isearch ((t (:background "orange" :foreground "black")))) '(message-cited-text ((((class color) (background dark)) (:foreground "SandyBrown")))) '(message-header-name ((((class color) (background dark)) (:foreground "DarkGrey")))) '(message-header-other ((((class color) (background dark)) (:foreground "LightPink2")))) '(message-header-subject ((((class color) (background dark)) (:foreground "yellow2")))) '(message-separator ((((class color) (background dark)) (:foreground "thistle")))) '(region ((t (:background "brown")))) '(tooltip ((((class color)) (:inherit variable-pitch :background "IndianRed1" :foreground "black"))))) The above is a python emacs configure file. Where should I put it to use it? And, are there any other changes I need to make?

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• Linux Debian Security Breach - what now? [closed]

  - by user897075

  Possible Duplicate: My server's been hacked EMERGENCY I installed Debian (Squeeze) a while back in my home network to host some personal sites (thank god). During the installation it prompted me to enter a user other than root - so in a rush I used my name as user and pass (alex/alex for what its worth). I know it's horrible practice but during the setup of this server I'm always logged in as root to perform configurations, etc. Few days or a week passes and I forget to change the password. Then I finally get my web site finished and I open the port forwarding on my router and DynDNS to point to my server in my home. I've done this many times in the past never had issues but I use a cryptic root password and I guess disabled regular accounts. Today I reformat my Windows 7 and after spending all day tweaking and updating SP1 I look for cloning apps and find clonezilla and see it supports SSH cloning, so I go through the process only to discover I need a user, so I log into my web-server and see I have the user 'alex' already in and realize I don't know the password. So I change the password to something cryptic and visit the directory 'home' only to realize their are contents such as passfile, bengos, etc. My heart sinks, I've been hacked!!! Sure as hell there are all sort of scripts and password files. I run a 'last' command and it seems they last logged in april 3rd. Question: What can I do to see if they did anything destructive? Should I reformat and reinstall? How restrictive is Debian/Squeeze in terms of user permissions out of the box - all my personal website stuff was created using 'root' so changing files does not seem to have occured. How did they determine there was a user 'alex' on the machine? Can you query any machine and figure this out? What the users are? Looks like they tried to run a IP scan...other nodes on the network are running Windows 7. One of which seems a little wonky as of late - is it possible they buggered up that system? What corrective action can I take to avoid this from happening again? And figure out what might have changed or been hacked? I'm hoping debian out of box is fairly secure and at best he managed to read some of my source code. :p Regards, Alex

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• Good practices - database programming, unit testing

  - by Piotr Rodak

  Jason Brimhal wrote today on his blog that new book, Defensive Database Programming , written by Alex Kuznetsov ( blog ) is coming to bookstores. Alex writes about various techniques that make your code safer to run. SQL injection is not the only one vulnerability the code may be exposed to. Some other include inconsistent search patterns, unsupported character sets, locale settings, issues that may occur during high concurrency conditions, logic that breaks when certain conditions are not met. The...(read more)

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• Modifying Contiguous Time Periods in a History Table

  Alex Kuznetsov is credited with a clever technique for creating a history table for SQL that is designed to store contiguous time periods and check that these time periods really are contiguous, using nothing but constraints. This is now increasingly useful with the DATE data type in SQL Server. The modification of data in this type of table isn't always entirely intuitive so Alex is on hand to give a brief explanation of how to do it.

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• Security in OBIEE 11g, Part 2

  - by Rob Reynolds

  Continuing the series on OBIEE 11g, our guest blogger this week is Pravin Janardanam. Here is Part 2 of his overview of Security in OBIEE 11g. OBIEE 11g Security Overview, Part 2 by Pravin Janardanam In my previous blog on Security, I discussed the OBIEE 11g changes regarding Authentication mechanism, RPD protection and encryption. This blog will include a discussion about OBIEE 11g Authorization and other Security aspects. Authorization: Authorization in 10g was achieved using a combination of Users, Groups and association of privileges and object permissions to users and Groups. Two keys changes to Authorization in OBIEE 11g are: Application Roles Policies / Permission Groups Application Roles are introduced in OBIEE 11g. An application role is specific to the application. They can be mapped to other application roles defined in the same application scope and also to enterprise users or groups, and they are used in authorization decisions. Application roles in 11g take the place of Groups in 10g within OBIEE application. In OBIEE 10g, any changes to corporate LDAP groups require a corresponding change to Groups and their permission assignment. In OBIEE 11g, Application roles provide insulation between permission definitions and corporate LDAP Groups. Permissions are defined at Application Role level and changes to LDAP groups just require a reassignment of the Group to the Application Roles. Permissions and privileges are assigned to Application Roles and users in OBIEE 11g compared to Groups and Users in 10g. The diagram below shows the relationship between users, groups and application roles. Note that the Groups shown in the diagram refer to LDAP Groups (WebLogic Groups by default) and not OBIEE application Groups. The following screenshot compares the permission windows from Admin tool in 10g vs 11g. Note that the Groups in the OBIEE 10g are replaced with Application Roles in OBIEE 11g. The same is applicable to OBIEE web catalog objects.    The default Application Roles available after OBIEE 11g installation are BIAdministrator, BISystem, BIConsumer and BIAuthor. Application policies are the authorization policies that an application relies upon for controlling access to its resources. An Application Role is defined by the Application Policy. The following screenshot shows the policies defined for BIAdministrator and BISystem Roles. Note that the permission for impersonation is granted to BISystem Role. In OBIEE 10g, the permission to manage repositories and Impersonation were assigned to “Administrators” group with no control to separate these permissions in the Administrators group. Hence user “Administrator” also had the permission to impersonate. In OBI11g, BIAdministrator does not have the permission to impersonate. This gives more flexibility to have multiple users perform different administrative functions. Application Roles, Policies, association of Policies to application roles and association of users and groups to application roles are managed using Fusion Middleware Enterprise Manager (FMW EM). They reside in the policy store, identified by the system-jazn-data.xml file. The screenshots below show where they are created and managed in FMW EM. The following screenshot shows the assignment of WebLogic Groups to Application Roles. The following screenshot shows the assignment of Permissions to Application Roles (Application Policies). Note: Object level permission association to Applications Roles resides in the RPD for repository objects. Permissions and Privilege for web catalog objects resides in the OBIEE Web Catalog. Wherever Groups were used in the web catalog and RPD has been replaced with Application roles in OBIEE 11g. Following are the tools used in OBIEE 11g Security Administration: ·       Users and Groups are managed in Oracle WebLogic Administration console (by default). If WebLogic is integrated with other LDAP products, then Users and Groups needs to managed using the interface provide by the respective LDAP vendor – New in OBIEE 11g ·       Application Roles and Application Policies are managed in Oracle Enterprise Manager - Fusion Middleware Control – New in OBIEE 11g ·       Repository object permissions are managed in OBIEE Administration tool – Same as 10g but the assignment is to Application Roles instead of Groups ·       Presentation Services Catalog Permissions and Privileges are managed in OBI Application administration page - Same as 10g but the assignment is to Application Roles instead of Groups Credential Store: Credential Store is a single consolidated service provider to store and manage the application credentials securely. The credential store contains credentials that either user supplied or system generated. Credential store in OBIEE 10g is file based and is managed using cryptotools utility. In 11g, Credential store can be managed directly from the FMW Enterprise Manager and is stored in cwallet.sso file. By default, the Credential Store stores password for deployed RPDs, BI Publisher data sources and BISystem user. In addition, Credential store can be LDAP based but only Oracle Internet Directory is supported right now. As you can see OBIEE security is integrated with Oracle Fusion Middleware security architecture. This provides a common security framework for all components of Business Intelligence and Fusion Middleware applications.

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• Gone With the Wind?

  - by antony.reynolds

  Where Have All the Composites Gone? I was just asked to help out with an interesting problem at a customer.  All their composites had disappeared from the EM console, none of them showed as loading in the log files and there was an ominous error message in the logs. Symptoms After a server restart the customer noticed that none of his composites were available, they didn’t show in the EM console and in the log files they saw this error message: SEVERE: WLSFabricKernelInitializer.getCompositeList Error during parsing and processing of deployed-composites.xml file This indicates some sort of problem when parsing the deployed-composites.xml file.  This is very bad because the deployed-composites.xml file is basically the table of contents that tells SOA Infrastructure what composites to load and where to find them in MDS.  If you can’t read this file you can’t load any composites and your SOA Server now has all the utility of a chocolate teapot. Verification We can look at the deployed-composites.xml file from MDS either by connecting JDeveloper to MDS, exporting the file using WLST or exporting the whole soa-infra MDS partition by using EM->SOA->soa-infra->Administration->MDS Configuration.  Exporting via EM is probably the easiest because it then prepares you to fix the problem later.  After exporting the partition to local storage on the SOA Server I then ran an XSLT transform across the file deployed-composites/deployed-composites.xml. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <xsl:stylesheet version="2.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">     <xsl:output indent="yes"/>     <xsl:template match="/">         <testResult>             <composite-series>                 <xsl:attribute name="elementCount"><xsl:value-of select="count(deployed-composites/composite-series)"/></xsl:attribute>                 <xsl:attribute name="nameAttributeCount"><xsl:value-of select="count(deployed-composites/composite-series[@name])"/></xsl:attribute>                 <xsl:attribute name="defaultAttributeCount"><xsl:value-of select="count(deployed-composites/composite-series[@default])"/></xsl:attribute>                 <composite-revision>                     <xsl:attribute name="elementCount"><xsl:value-of select="count(deployed-composites/composite-series/composite-revision)"/></xsl:attribute>                     <xsl:attribute name="dnAttributeCount"><xsl:value-of select="count(deployed-composites/composite-series/composite-revision[@dn])"/></xsl:attribute>                     <xsl:attribute name="stateAttributeCount"><xsl:value-of select="count(deployed-composites/composite-series/composite-revision[@state])"/></xsl:attribute>                     <xsl:attribute name="modeAttributeCount"><xsl:value-of select="count(deployed-composites/composite-series/composite-revision[@mode])"/></xsl:attribute>                     <xsl:attribute name="locationAttributeCount"><xsl:value-of select="count(deployed-composites/composite-series/composite-revision[@location])"/></xsl:attribute>                     <composite>                         <xsl:attribute name="elementCount"><xsl:value-of select="count(deployed-composites/composite-series/composite-revision/composite)"/></xsl:attribute>                         <xsl:attribute name="dnAttributeCount"><xsl:value-of select="count(deployed-composites/composite-series/composite-revision/composite[@dn])"/></xsl:attribute>                         <xsl:attribute name="deployedTimeAttributeCount"><xsl:value-of select="count(deployed-composites/composite-series/composite-revision/composite[@deployedTime])"/></xsl:attribute>                     </composite>                 </composite-revision>                 <xsl:apply-templates select="deployed-composites/composite-series"/>             </composite-series>         </testResult>     </xsl:template>     <xsl:template match="composite-series">             <xsl:if test="not(@name) or not(@default) or composite-revision[not(@dn) or not(@state) or not(@mode) or not(@location)]">                 <ErrorNode>                     <xsl:attribute name="elementPos"><xsl:value-of select="position()"/></xsl:attribute>                     <xsl:copy-of select="."/>                 </ErrorNode>             </xsl:if>     </xsl:template> </xsl:stylesheet> The output from this is not pretty but it shows any <composite-series> tags that are missing expected attributes (name and default).  It also shows how many composites are in the file (111) and how many revisions of those composites (115). <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <testResult xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">    <composite-series elementCount="111" nameAttributeCount="110" defaultAttributeCount="110">       <composite-revision elementCount="115" dnAttributeCount="114" stateAttributeCount="115"                           modeAttributeCount="115"                           locationAttributeCount="114">          <composite elementCount="115" dnAttributeCount="114" deployedTimeAttributeCount="115"/>       </composite-revision>       <ErrorNode elementPos="82">          <composite-series xmlns="">             <composite-revision state="on" mode="active">                <composite deployedTime="2010-12-15T11:50:16.067+01:00"/>             </composite-revision>          </composite-series>       </ErrorNode>    </composite-series> </testResult> From this I could see that one of the <composite-series> elements (number 82 of 111) seemed to be corrupt. Having found the problem I now needed to fix it. Fixing the Problem The solution was really quite easy.  First for safeties sake I took a backup of the exported MDS partition.  I then edited the deployed-composites/deployed-composites.xml file to remove the offending <composite-series> tag. Finally I restarted the SOA domain and was rewarded by seeing that the deployed composites were now visible. Summary One possible cause of not being able to see deployed composites after a SOA 11g system restart is a corrupt deployed-composites.xml file.  Retrieving this file from MDS, repairing it, and replacing it back into MDS can solve the problem.  This still leaves the problem of how did this file become corrupt!

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• Cold Start

  - by antony.reynolds

  Well we had snow drifts 3ft deep on Saturday so it must be spring time.  In preparation for Spring we decided to move the lawn tractor.  Of course after sitting in the garage all winter it refused to start.  I then come into the office and need to start my 11g SOA Suite installation.  I thought about this and decided my tractor might be cranky but at least I can script the startup of my SOA Suite 11g installation. So with this in mind I created 6 scripts.  I created them for Linux but they should translate to Windows without too many problems.  This is left as an exercise to the reader, note you will have to hardcode more than I did in the Linux scripts and create separate script files for the sqlplus and WLST sections. Order to start things I believe there should be order in all things, especially starting the SOA Suite.  So here is my preferred order. Start Database This is need by EM and the rest of SOA Suite so best to start it before the Admin Server and managed servers. Start Node Manager on all machines This is needed if you want the scripts to work across machines. Start Admin Server Once this is done in theory you can manually stat the managed servers using WebLogic console.  But then you have to wait for console to be available.  Scripting it all is quicker and easier way of starting. Start Managed Servers & Clusters Best to start them one per physical machine at a time to avoid undue load on the machines.  Non-clustered install will have just soa_server1 and bam_serv1 by default.  Clusters will have at least SOA and BAM clusters that can be started as a group or individually.  I have provided scripts for standalone servers, but easy to change them to work with clusters. Starting Database I have provided a very primitive script (available here) to start the database, the listener and the DB console.  The section highlighted in red needs to match your database name. #!/bin/sh echo "##############################" echo "# Setting Oracle Environment #" echo "##############################" . oraenv <<-EOF orcl EOF echo "#####################" echo "# Starting Database #" echo "#####################" sqlplus / as sysdba <<-EOF startup exit EOF echo "#####################" echo "# Starting Listener #" echo "#####################" lsnrctl start echo "######################" echo "# Starting dbConsole #" echo "######################" emctl start dbconsole read -p "Hit <enter> to continue" Starting SOA Suite My script for starting the SOA Suite (available here) breaks the task down into five sections. Setting the Environment First set up the environment variables.  The variables highlighted in red probably need changing for your environment. #!/bin/sh echo "###########################" echo "# Setting SOA Environment #" echo "###########################" export MW_HOME=~oracle/Middleware11gPS1 export WL_HOME=$MW_HOME/wlserver_10.3 export ORACLE_HOME=$MW_HOME/Oracle_SOA export DOMAIN_NAME=soa_std_domain export DOMAIN_HOME=$MW_HOME/user_projects/domains/$DOMAIN_NAME Starting the Node Manager I start node manager with a nohup to stop it exiting when the script terminates and I redirect the standard output and standard error to a file in a logs directory. cd $DOMAIN_HOME echo "#########################" echo "# Starting Node Manager #" echo "#########################" nohup $WL_HOME/server/bin/startNodeManager.sh >logs/NodeManager.out 2>&1 & Starting the Admin Server I had problems starting the Admin Server from Node Manager so I decided to start it using the command line script.  I again use nohup and redirect output. echo "#########################" echo "# Starting Admin Server #" echo "#########################" nohup ./startWebLogic.sh >logs/AdminServer.out 2>&1 & Starting the Managed Servers I then used WLST (WebLogic Scripting Tool) to start the managed servers.  First I waited for the Admin Server to come up by putting a connect command in a loop.  I could have put the WLST commands into a separate script file but I wanted to reduce the number of files I was using and so used redirected input (here syntax). $ORACLE_HOME/common/bin/wlst.sh <<-EOF import time sleep=time.sleep print "#####################################" print "# Waiting for Admin Server to Start #" print "#####################################" while True:   try:     connect(adminServerName="AdminServer")     break   except:     sleep(10) I then start the SOA server and tell WLST to wait until it is started before returning.  If starting a cluster then the start command would be modified accordingly to start the SOA cluster. print "#######################" print "# Starting SOA Server #" print "#######################" start(name="soa_server1", block="true") I then start the BAM server in the same way as the SOA server. print "#######################" print "# Starting BAM Server #" print "#######################" start(name="bam_server1", block="true") EOF Finally I let people know the servers are up and wait for input in case I am running in a separate window, in which case the result would be lost without the read command. echo "#####################" echo "# SOA Suite Started #" echo "#####################" read -p "Hit <enter> to continue" Stopping the SOA Suite My script for shutting down the SOA Suite (available here)  is basically the reverse of my startup script.  After setting the environment I connect to the Admin Server using WLST and shut down the managed servers and the admin server.  Again the script would need modifying for a cluster. Stopping the Servers If I cannot connect to the Admin Server I try to connect to the node manager, in case the Admin Server is down but the managed servers are up. #!/bin/sh echo "###########################" echo "# Setting SOA Environment #" echo "###########################" export MW_HOME=~oracle/Middleware11gPS1 export WL_HOME=$MW_HOME/wlserver_10.3 export ORACLE_HOME=$MW_HOME/Oracle_SOA export DOMAIN_NAME=soa_std_domain export DOMAIN_HOME=$MW_HOME/user_projects/domains/$DOMAIN_NAME cd $DOMAIN_HOME $MW_HOME/Oracle_SOA/common/bin/wlst.sh <<-EOF try:   print("#############################")   print("# Connecting to AdminServer #")   print("#############################")   connect(username='weblogic',password='welcome1',url='t3://localhost:7001') except:   print "#########################################"   print "#   Unable to connect to Admin Server   #"   print "# Attempting to connect to Node Manager #"   print "#########################################"   nmConnect(domainName=os.getenv("DOMAIN_NAME")) print "#######################" print "# Stopping BAM Server #" print "#######################" shutdown('bam_server1') print "#######################" print "# Stopping SOA Server #" print "#######################" shutdown('soa_server1') print "#########################" print "# Stopping Admin Server #" print "#########################" shutdown('AdminServer') disconnect() nmDisconnect() EOF Stopping the Node Manager I stopped the node manager by searching for the java node manager process using the ps command and then killing that process. echo "#########################" echo "# Stopping Node Manager #" echo "#########################" kill -9 `ps -ef | grep java | grep NodeManager |  awk '{print $2;}'` echo "#####################" echo "# SOA Suite Stopped #" echo "#####################" read -p "Hit <enter> to continue" Stopping the Database Again my script for shutting down the database is the reverse of my start script.  It is available here.  The only change needed might be to the database name. #!/bin/sh echo "##############################" echo "# Setting Oracle Environment #" echo "##############################" . oraenv <<-EOF orcl EOF echo "######################" echo "# Stopping dbConsole #" echo "######################" emctl stop dbconsole echo "#####################" echo "# Stopping Listener #" echo "#####################" lsnrctl stop echo "#####################" echo "# Stopping Database #" echo "#####################" sqlplus / as sysdba <<-EOF shutdown immediate exit EOF read -p "Hit <enter> to continue" Cleaning Up Cleaning SOA Suite I often run tests and want to clean up all the log files.  The following script (available here) does this for the WebLogic servers in a given domain on a machine.  After setting the domain I just remove all files under the servers logs directories.  It also cleans up the log files I created with my startup scripts.  These scripts could be enhanced to copy off the log files if you needed them but in my test environments I don’t need them and would prefer to reclaim the disk space. #!/bin/sh echo "###########################" echo "# Setting SOA Environment #" echo "###########################" export MW_HOME=~oracle/Middleware11gPS1 export WL_HOME=$MW_HOME/wlserver_10.3 export ORACLE_HOME=$MW_HOME/Oracle_SOA export DOMAIN_NAME=soa_std_domain export DOMAIN_HOME=$MW_HOME/user_projects/domains/$DOMAIN_NAME echo "##########################" echo "# Cleaning SOA Log Files #" echo "##########################" cd $DOMAIN_HOME rm -Rf logs/* servers/*/logs/* read -p "Hit <enter> to continue" Cleaning Database I also created a script to clean up the dump files of an Oracle database instance and also the EM log files (available here).  This relies on the machine name being correct as the EM log files are stored in a directory that is based on the hostname and the Oracle SID. #!/bin/sh echo "##############################" echo "# Setting Oracle Environment #" echo "##############################" . oraenv <<-EOF orcl EOF echo "#############################" echo "# Cleaning Oracle Log Files #" echo "#############################" rm -Rf $ORACLE_BASE/admin/$ORACLE_SID/*dump/* rm -Rf $ORACLE_HOME/`hostname`_$ORACLE_SID/sysman/log/* read -p "Hit <enter> to continue" Summary Hope you find the above scripts useful.  They certainly stop me hanging around waiting for things to happen on my test machine and make it easy to run a test, change parameters, bounce the SOA Suite and clean the logs between runs so I can see exactly what is happening. Now I need to get that mower started…

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• Oracle for PCI-DSS Security Webcast

  - by Alex Blyth

  Thanks to everyone who attended the Oracle for PCI-DSS security webcast today. It was good to see how the products we talked about last week can be used to address the PCI standard requirements. A big thanks to Chris Pickett for presenting a great session and running us through a very cool demo showing how the data is protected through out its life. The replay of the session can be downloaded here. Slides and be down loaded here. Oracle for PCI-DSS Security Compliance View more presentationsfrom Oracle Australia. Next week we resume our regular schedule with Andrew Clarke taking us through Oracle Application Express (APEX) - one of the best kept secrets in the Oracle Database. Enroll for this session here (and now :) ) Till next week Cheers Alex

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• Slides from Upgrade webcast

  - by Alex Blyth

  Thanks everyone for attending the webcast on "Upgrading to Oracle 11g". I hope there were some useful tips for everyone. My apologies for the issue with the audio streaming - Ill re-record the session later this week and hopefully have it available soon there after. As I mentioned, the next session - on Oracle VM and Oracle Enterprise Linux is on April 28 2010.Please click here to enroll. As for the slides... here they are: You can download the slides here. Upgrade to Oracle 11g View more presentations from Oracle Australia. Thanks again Cheers Alex

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• Begin the Clone Wars Have!

  - by Antony Reynolds

  Creating a New Virtual Machine from an Existing Virtual Disk In previous posts I described how I set up an OEL6 machine under VirtualBox that can run an 11gR2 database and FMW 11.1.1.5.  That is great if you want the DB and FMW running in the same virtual image and it has served me well for some proof of concepts and also for some testing of different JVMs.  However I also wanted to run some testing of FMW with the database running on a separate physical machine.  So in this post I will show how to take a VirtualBox image and create a new image based on the disks from that original image. What are my Options? There is more than one way to skin a cat, or in this case to create two separate VMs that can run on different hardware.  Some of the options include: Create new virtual disk images for each new VM. Clone the existing disk images and point the new VM at the cloned images. Point the new VM at the existing snapshots. #1 is too much like hard work, install OEL twice, install a database again, install FMW again, run RCU again!  Life is too short! #2 is probably the safest way of doing things.  VirtualBox allows you to clone a disk image for use in a separate machine.  However this of course duplicates the disk and means that it is now occupying 3 times the space, once for the original disk and twice more for the two clones I would need. #3 is the most space efficient way of doing things.  It does mean however that I can only run the new “cloned” images if I have access to the original image because that is where the base snapshots reside.  However this is not a problem for me as long as I remember to keep all threee images together.  So this is the approach we will follow. Snapshot, What Snapshot? As we are going to create new virtual machines based on existing snapshots we need to figure out which snapshot to use.  We do this by opening the “Media Manager” from within VirtualBox and moving the mouse over the snapshot images until we find the snapshots we want – the snapshot name is identified in the “Attached to:” comment.  In my case I wanted the FMW installed snapshot because that had a database configured for FMW alongside the FMW software.  I made a note of the filename of that snapshot (actually I just noted the first 5 characters as that was all that was needed to uniquely identify the snapshot file). When we create the new machines we will point them at the snapshot filename we have just checked. Network or NotWork? Because we want the two new machines to communicate with each other when hosted in different physical machines we can’t use the default NAT networking mode without a lot of hassle.  But at the same time we need them to have fixed IP addresses relative to each other so that they can see each other whilst also being able to see the outside world. To achieve all these requirements I created two network adapters for each machine.  Adapter 1 was a standard NAT mapping.  This will allow each machine to get a dynamic IP address (10.0.2.15 by default) that can be used to access the external world through the VBox provided NAT gateway.  This is the same as the existing configuration. The second adapter I created as a bridged adapter.  This gives the virtual machine direct access to the host network card and by using fixed IP addresses each machine can see the other.  It is important to choose fixed IP addresses that are not routable across your internal network so you don’t get any clashes with other machines on your network.  Of course you could always get proper fixed IP addresses from your network people, but I have serveral people using my images and as long as I don’t have two instances of the same VM on the same network segment this is easier and avoids reconfiguring the network every time someone wants a copy of my VM.  If it is available I would suggest using the 10.0.3.* network as 10.0.2.* is the default NAT network.  You can check availability by pinging 10.0.3.1 and 10.0.3.2 from your host machine.  If it times out then you are probably safe to use that. Creating the New VMs Now that I had collected the data that I needed I went ahead and created the new VMs. When asked for a “Boot Hard Disk” I used the “Choose a virtual hard disk file…” link to find the snapshot I had previously selected and set that to be the existing hard disk.  I chose the previously existing SOA 11.1.1.5 install for both the new DB and FMW machines because that snapshot had the database with the RCU completed that I wanted for my DB machine and it had the SOA software installed which I wanted for my FMW machine. After the initial creation of the virtual machine go into the network setting section and enable a second adapter which will be bridged.  Make a note of the MAC addresses (the last four digits should be sufficient) of the two adapters so that you can later set the bridged adapter to use fixed IP and the NAT adapter to use DHCP. We are now ready to start the VMs and reconfigure Linux. Reconfiguring Linux Because I now have two new machines I need to change their network configuration.  In particular I need to change the hostname, update the hosts file and change the network settings. Changing the Hostname I renamed both hosts by running the hostname command as root: hostname vboxfmw.oracle.com I also edited the /etc/sysconfig file and set the correct hostname in there. HOSTNAME=vboxfmw.oracle.com Changing the Network Settings I needed to change the network configuration to give the bridged network a fixed IP address.  I first explicitly set the MAC addresses of the two adapters, because the order of the virtual adapters in the VirtualBox Manager is not necessarily the same as the order of the adapters in the guest OS.  So I went in to the System->Preferences->Network Connections screen and explicitly set the “Device MAC address” for the two adapters. Having correctly mapped the Linux adapters to the VirtualBox adapters I then set the Bridged adapter to use fixed IP addressing rather than DHCP.  There is no need for additional routing or default gateways because we expect the two machine to be on the same LAN segment. Updating the Hosts File Having renamed the machines and reconfigured the network I then updated the /etc/hosts file to refer to the new machine name add a new line to the hosts file to provide an additional IP address for my server (the new fixed IP address) add a new line for the fixed IP address of the other virtual machine 10.0.3.101      vboxdb.oracle.com       vboxdb  # Added by NetworkManager 10.0.2.15       vboxdb.oracle.com       vboxdb  # Added by NetworkManager 10.0.3.102      vboxfmw.oracle.com      vboxfmw # Added by NetworkManager 127.0.0.1       localhost.localdomain   localhost ::1     vboxdb.oracle.com       vboxdb  localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6 To make sure everything takes effect I restarted the server. Reconfiguring the Database on the DB Machine Because we changed the hostname the listener and the EM console no longer start so I need to modify the listener.ora to use the new hostname and I also need to rebuild the EM configuration because it also relies on the hostname. I edited the $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora and changed the listening address to the new hostname:       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = vboxdb.oracle.com)(PORT = 1521)) After changing the listener.ora I was able to start the listener using: lsnrctl start I also had to reconfigure the EM database control.  I first deconfigured it using the command: emca -deconfig dbcontrol db -repos drop This drops the repository and removes any existing registered dbcontrols. I then re-configured it using the following command: emca -config dbcontrol db -repos create This creates the EM repository and then configures and starts dbcontrol. Now my database machine is ready so I can close it down and take a snapshot. Disabling the Database on the FMW Machine I set up the database to start automatically by creating a service called “dbora”.  On the FMW machine I do not need the database running so I can prevent it auto-starting by running the following command: chkconfig –del dbora Note that because I am using a snapshot it is not a waste of disk space to have the DB installed but not used.  As long as I don’t run it, it won’t cost me anything. I can now close the FMW machine down and take a snapshot. Creating a New Domain The FMW machine is now ready to create a new domain.  When creating the domain I can point it at the second machine which is running the database.  I can potentially run these machines on two separate physical machines as long as I have the original virtual machine available to both of the physical machines. Gotchas in Snapshotting VirtualBox does not support the concept of linked machines in a network like some virtualization technologies so when creating a snapshot it is a good idea to shut both VMs down and then take a snapshot on both of them.  This is because we want to keep the database in sync with the middleware.  One way to make sure that this happens would be to place all the domain configuration files on the database server via an NFS share, this would mean that all we would need to snapshot would be the database machine because that would hold all the state and configuration. The Sky’s the Limit We have covered a simple case of having just two machines.  I have a more complicated configuration in which two machine run a RAC database off the same base OS image, and two more machines run a SOA cluster based on the same OS image.  Just remember what machine holds state and what are the consequences of taking a snapshot.

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• Following the Thread in OSB

  - by Antony Reynolds

  Threading in OSB The Scenario I recently led an OSB POC where we needed to get high throughput from an OSB pipeline that had the following logic: 1. Receive Request 2. Send Request to External System 3. If Response has a particular value   3.1 Modify Request   3.2 Resend Request to External System 4. Send Response back to Requestor All looks very straightforward and no nasty wrinkles along the way.  The flow was implemented in OSB as follows (see diagram for more details): Proxy Service to Receive Request and Send Response Request Pipeline   Copies Original Request for use in step 3 Route Node   Sends Request to External System exposed as a Business Service Response Pipeline   Checks Response to Check If Request Needs to Be Resubmitted Modify Request Callout to External System (same Business Service as Route Node) The Proxy and the Business Service were each assigned their own Work Manager, effectively giving each of them their own thread pool. The Surprise Imagine our surprise when, on stressing the system we saw it lock up, with large numbers of blocked threads.  The reason for the lock up is due to some subtleties in the OSB thread model which is the topic of this post.   Basic Thread Model OSB goes to great lengths to avoid holding on to threads.  Lets start by looking at how how OSB deals with a simple request/response routing to a business service in a route node. Most Business Services are implemented by OSB in two parts.  The first part uses the request thread to send the request to the target.  In the diagram this is represented by the thread T1.  After sending the request to the target (the Business Service in our diagram) the request thread is released back to whatever pool it came from.  A multiplexor (muxer) is used to wait for the response.  When the response is received the muxer hands off the response to a new thread that is used to execute the response pipeline, this is represented in the diagram by T2. OSB allows you to assign different Work Managers and hence different thread pools to each Proxy Service and Business Service.  In out example we have the “Proxy Service Work Manager” assigned to the Proxy Service and the “Business Service Work Manager” assigned to the Business Service.  Note that the Business Service Work Manager is only used to assign the thread to process the response, it is never used to process the request. This architecture means that while waiting for a response from a business service there are no threads in use, which makes for better scalability in terms of thread usage. First Wrinkle Note that if the Proxy and the Business Service both use the same Work Manager then there is potential for starvation.  For example: Request Pipeline makes a blocking callout, say to perform a database read. Business Service response tries to allocate a thread from thread pool but all threads are blocked in the database read. New requests arrive and contend with responses arriving for the available threads. Similar problems can occur if the response pipeline blocks for some reason, maybe a database update for example. Solution The solution to this is to make sure that the Proxy and Business Service use different Work Managers so that they do not contend with each other for threads. Do Nothing Route Thread Model So what happens if there is no route node?  In this case OSB just echoes the Request message as a Response message, but what happens to the threads?  OSB still uses a separate thread for the response, but in this case the Work Manager used is the Default Work Manager. So this is really a special case of the Basic Thread Model discussed above, except that the response pipeline will always execute on the Default Work Manager.   Proxy Chaining Thread Model So what happens when the route node is actually calling a Proxy Service rather than a Business Service, does the second Proxy Service use its own Thread or does it re-use the thread of the original Request Pipeline? Well as you can see from the diagram when a route node calls another proxy service then the original Work Manager is used for both request pipelines.  Similarly the response pipeline uses the Work Manager associated with the ultimate Business Service invoked via a Route Node.  This actually fits in with the earlier description I gave about Business Services and by extension Route Nodes they “… uses the request thread to send the request to the target”. Call Out Threading Model So what happens when you make a Service Callout to a Business Service from within a pipeline.  The documentation says that “The pipeline processor will block the thread until the response arrives asynchronously” when using a Service Callout.  What this means is that the target Business Service is called using the pipeline thread but the response is also handled by the pipeline thread.  This implies that the pipeline thread blocks waiting for a response.  It is the handling of this response that behaves in an unexpected way. When a Business Service is called via a Service Callout, the calling thread is suspended after sending the request, but unlike the Route Node case the thread is not released, it waits for the response.  The muxer uses the Business Service Work Manager to allocate a thread to process the response, but in this case processing the response means getting the response and notifying the blocked pipeline thread that the response is available.  The original pipeline thread can then continue to process the response. Second Wrinkle This leads to an unfortunate wrinkle.  If the Business Service is using the same Work Manager as the Pipeline then it is possible for starvation or a deadlock to occur.  The scenario is as follows: Pipeline makes a Callout and the thread is suspended but still allocated Multiple Pipeline instances using the same Work Manager are in this state (common for a system under load) Response comes back but all Work Manager threads are allocated to blocked pipelines. Response cannot be processed and so pipeline threads never unblock – deadlock! Solution The solution to this is to make sure that any Business Services used by a Callout in a pipeline use a different Work Manager to the pipeline itself. The Solution to My Problem Looking back at my original workflow we see that the same Business Service is called twice, once in a Routing Node and once in a Response Pipeline Callout.  This was what was causing my problem because the response pipeline was using the Business Service Work Manager, but the Service Callout wanted to use the same Work Manager to handle the responses and so eventually my Response Pipeline hogged all the available threads so no responses could be processed. The solution was to create a second Business Service pointing to the same location as the original Business Service, the only difference was to assign a different Work Manager to this Business Service.  This ensured that when the Service Callout completed there were always threads available to process the response because the response processing from the Service Callout had its own dedicated Work Manager. Summary Request Pipeline Executes on Proxy Work Manager (WM) Thread so limited by setting of that WM.  If no WM specified then uses WLS default WM. Route Node Request sent using Proxy WM Thread Proxy WM Thread is released before getting response Muxer is used to handle response Muxer hands off response to Business Service (BS) WM Response Pipeline Executes on Routed Business Service WM Thread so limited by setting of that WM.  If no WM specified then uses WLS default WM. No Route Node (Echo functionality) Proxy WM thread released New thread from the default WM used for response pipeline Service Callout Request sent using proxy pipeline thread Proxy thread is suspended (not released) until the response comes back Notification of response handled by BS WM thread so limited by setting of that WM.  If no WM specified then uses WLS default WM. Note this is a very short lived use of the thread After notification by callout BS WM thread that thread is released and execution continues on the original pipeline thread. Route/Callout to Proxy Service Request Pipeline of callee executes on requestor thread Response Pipeline of caller executes on response thread of requested proxy Throttling Request message may be queued if limit reached. Requesting thread is released (route node) or suspended (callout) So what this means is that you may get deadlocks caused by thread starvation if you use the same thread pool for the business service in a route node and the business service in a callout from the response pipeline because the callout will need a notification thread from the same thread pool as the response pipeline.  This was the problem we were having. You get a similar problem if you use the same work manager for the proxy request pipeline and a business service callout from that request pipeline. It also means you may want to have different work managers for the proxy and business service in the route node. Basically you need to think carefully about how threading impacts your proxy services. References Thanks to Jay Kasi, Gerald Nunn and Deb Ayers for helping to explain this to me.  Any errors are my own and not theirs.  Also thanks to my colleagues Milind Pandit and Prasad Bopardikar who travelled this road with me. OSB Thread Model Great Blog Post on Thread Usage in OSB

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• Greetings!!!!

  - by [email protected]

  Greetings everyone!If you're reading this, hopefully it's because you have been following our series of webcasts on Oracle 11gR2 that we've been hosting on Wordpress. If you found us some other way, well that's even better - the more the merrier as they say.In either case, welcome to our new blog!!! Over the next few days, Ill move the old posts from wordpress to here its all in the one location.Right! Who are we? The authors of this blog are the ANZ Inside Consulting Team.Currently, this is made of of:Tom JurcicYasin MohammedAndrew ClarkeRene Poels and me - Alex BlythBasically, our role in Oracle is to help users of our technologies get the most of their existing investments as well as what's new, old, blue, what have you...Ideally, this is all going to be technical in nature and not of a marketing nature (we'll leave the marketing up to others).For now, there's obviously not much here. But that won't last too long. In the mean time, those who are interested can find replays and slides of our previous webcasts on the "Oracle 11g Webcasts" page.Till next timeAlex

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• Don’t miss the Oracle Webcast: Enabling Effective Decision Making with “One Source of the Truth” at BB&T

  - by Rob Reynolds

  Webcast Date:  September 17th, 2012  -  9 a.m. PT / 12 p.m. ET  BB&T Corporation (NYSE: BBT) is one of the largest financial services holding companies in the United States. One of their IT goals is to provide “one source of truth” to enable more effective decision making at the corporate and local level. By using Oracle’s Hyperion Enterprise Planning Suite and Oracle Essbase, BB&T streamlined their planning and financial reporting processes. Large volumes of data were consolidated into a single reporting solution giving stakeholders more timely and accurate information. By providing a central and automated collaboration tool, BB&T is able to prepare more accurate financial forecasts, rapidly consolidate large amounts of data, and make more informed decisions. Join us on September 17th for a live webcast to hear BB&T’s journey to achieve “One Source of Truth” and learn how Oracle’s Hyperion Planning Suite and Oracle’s Essbase allows you to: Adopt best practices like rolling forecasts and driver-based planning Reduce the time and effort dedicated to the annual budget process Reduce the time and effort dedicated to the annual budget process Remove forecasting uncertainty with predictive modeling capabilities Rapidly analyze shifting market conditions with a powerful calculation engine Prioritize resources effectively with complete visibility into all potential risks Link strategy and execution with integrated strategic, financial and operational planning Register here.

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• New Exadata Book Available Soon

  - by Rob Reynolds

  Oracle Press is set to released the first book on data warehouse performance and Exadata on March 14th. Achieving Extreme Performance with Oracle Exadata , by my colleagues Rick Greenwald, Robert Stackowiak, Maqsood Alam, and Mans Bhuller will be available at your favorite booksellers next week. I've seen a sneak peak of the content in this book and its a great way to fully grasp the power of Exadata and how to best apply it to achieve extreme data warehouse performance. From the publisher's description: Achieving Extreme Performance with Oracle Exadata and the Sun Oracle Database Machine is filled with best practices for deployments, hardware sizing, architecting the database machine environments for maximum availability, and backup and recovery. Oracle Database 11gR2 features used within these offerings, as well as migration options and paths for Oracle and non-Oracle databases to Oracle Exadata are covered. This Oracle Press guide also discusses architecture, administration, maintenance, monitoring, and tuning of Oracle Exadata Storage Servers and the Sun Oracle Database Machine. If your company is considering Exadata, or if you need more horsepower out of your data warehouse, I highly recommend grabbing a copy of this book next week.

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