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• How to Program AWS Spot Instances to Strategically Bid So the Auction is Never Lost Until a Competitor Beats the Maximum I'm Willing to Pay?

  - by Taal

  I believe I'm in the right section of stack exchange to ask this. If not, let me know. I only use Amazon Web Services for temporary type hosting services, so the spot instances are quite valuable to me. I would also just make an instance and start and stop it - but - that doesn't necessarily fit my bootstrapped budget sadly. Anyways, it really kills me when someone outbids me on a spot instance I have (I tend to go for the larger ones which there are fewer of available) and I get randomly kicked off. I know or at least I believe there is a way to program in something somehow to dynamically change your bidding price to beat a potential competitor's if their's is higher than yours. Now, I previously believed Amazon would just charge me for the highest price right above the next lowest competitor automatically (eliminating the need for this) - so if I bid too high, then I only pay what I would of needed to in order to win and keep the auction. Essentially, I thought my bid price was my max bid price. Apparently, according to my bills and several experiments I've done - this is not the case. They charge me for whatever I bid even when I know there is no one else around to counter bid me. I needed to clarify that, but let me get back to the main point: Let's say I'm bidding $0.50, competitor comes in and bids 0.55 cents. I get kicked off. I want to have it to where I'd set a maximum I'm willing to pay (let's say $1.00 here), and then when competitor comes in and tries to bid $.55, my bid is dynamically adjusted to beat his at $0.56 up until he breaks my $1.00 threshold. I've been reading the guides and although they are more or less straightforward, I feel like they leave a few holes in them that end up confusing me. Like, for instance, where do I input said command or when do I do it? Maybe I'm just tech illiterate and need help deciphering these guides. A good start for someone willing to answer/help me decipher this problem would be here: http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/spot-as-update-bid.html

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• How to point DNS records to Amazon AWS Elastic Beanstalk

  - by Lance

  I just created a new environment with AWS and uploaded a .zip file into elastic beanstalk. I used to have a friend's server host my site instead of GoDaddy so I changed my custom DNS name servers from pointing to my friend's server to GoDaddy's. AWS told me that I need I need to add a CNAME record on GoDaddy and I did. The alias is lance and the host is lance-env.elasticbeanstalk.com. I know that this change can take 24-48 hours to take effect but it's been a day already and when I go to my site, a default page from GoDaddy appears. I'm very new to AWS and would just like to find a way for AWS to host my site other than using Route53.

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• Windows 2008 R2 AWS CloudFormation Elastic beanstalk configuration

  - by Webmonger

  I'm looking for some configuration advice. I have a need for a load balanced windows environment with shared media across all instances that are hosting the app. The best explanation i can give is that there will be multiple Windows 2008 server with IIS hosting the app going through an ELB to load balance. Users must be able to upload content (images, video etc...) to the site that will be hosted. When a user uploads media it needs to be kept on a shared location so all windows IIS instances can access the files, I can't host the files on S3 because of the app architecture so they need to be in a place where all IIS server will have access. In addition I need to run an update each IIS server instance that updates a local memory cache when SQL data is updated. I was thinking of a configuration like this: [ELB] - [Win 2008 IIS (multiple servers)] - [Win 2008 File & SQL Server(possibly RDS?)] Does this configuration make sense? If not could you provide an idea of how I should configure it. Thanks in advance

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• Why can't I create an Alias Resource Record Set for an EC2 instance

  - by praterade

  I have been working with AWS for over a year, setting up EC2 instances, domains, ELBs, etc. When I want to assign a subdomain to an EC2 instance, I have to create an elastic IP (that I pay for), then assign a CNAME record to that elastic IP. When I want to assign a subdomain to an ELB (load balancer) instance, I just create an alias resource record set to the ELB. I've read over the docs and don't understand why AWS doesn't support aliasing to instances. Am I missing a key concept here? Wouldn't it be simpler to just alias EC2 instances and skip the whole elastic IP bit?

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• How can I create multiple identical AWS EC2 server instances with large amounts of persistent data?

  - by mojones

  I have a CPU-intensive data-processing application that I want to run across many (~100,000) input files. The application needs a large (~20GB) data file in order to run. What I would like to do is create an EC2 machine image that has my application and associated data files installed boot up a large number (e.g. 100) of instances of this image split my input files up into 100 batches and send one batch to be processed on each instance I am having trouble figuring out the best way to ensure that each instance has access to the large data file. The data file is too big to fit on the root filesystem of an AMI. I could use Block Storage, but a given Block Storage volume can only be attached to a single instance, so I would need 100 clones. Is there some way to create a custom image that has more space on the root filsystem so that I can include my large data file? Or is there a better way to tackle this problem?

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• Which AMI to to use for Java/Tomcat/MySQL in Amazon EC2?

  - by Justin

  I originally posted this on stackoverflow.com and it was suggested serverfault.com might be a better place to ask this question. So here goes: I'm trying to determine which Amazon Machine Image (AMI) to use as my Virtual Server in Amazon's EC2. For now, I'll need to choose an AMI that complies with the AWS Free Usage Tier. I want to deploy a Java app that I've been developing using Eclipse on Windows XP, Tomcat 7 and MySQL 5.5. I'm aware that I can choose the Basic 32-bit Amazon Linux AMI. Then I'd manually install Tomcat and MySQL (does MySQL get installed on the image or separately on an Elastic Block Store (EBS)?). Here's the rub, I'm a bit of a Linux noob. I can start Tomcat and tail the logs and such on Linux but I'm not familiar with the install process for Tomcat and MySQL on Linux and commands like sudo and chmod. I'm happy to get more hands on with Linux but I'm short on time right now. Are there AMI's that already have Tomcat and MySQL bundled? The Request Instance Wizard shows 805 Community AMI's that are Free Tier Eligible. 51 of the Free Tier Eligible AMI's have "Tomcat" in their name. I'm willing to consider using Elastic Beanstalk but my research thus far hasn't found any discussion of using MySQL with Beanstalk. The discussions all seem to use Amazon's SimpleDB. Any advice is greatly appreciated.

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• Amazon EC2 - network issues

  - by Algorist

  Hi, We are launching hadoop cluster on amazon ec2 and recently we are having network issues like master unable to connect to slave. We thought the reason is due to amazon throttling the network connections over a limit. So, we tried to establish a connection after a random delay from each slave node. But, that didn't help. Are there any other suggestions? Thank you Bala

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• Is it better to have AWS EC2 and RDS is the same Availability Zone?

  - by Dan

  I run a web app in an AWS EC2 instance and the database for the app in an RDS instance both in Amazon Web Services Region East-1. However, one of them is in Availability Zone 1a and the other is in 1d. Am I getting all the speed benefits of having both instances in the same "data center" (East-1) even if they are in different Availability Zones, or can I optimize by moving them to the same Availability Zone?

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• Amazon AWS S3 to Force Download Mp3 File instead of Stream It

  - by Calua

  Hi everybody, I'm using Amazon AWS S3 to put the mp3 file then allow our site visitor to download the mp3 from Amazon AWS. I use S3Fox to manage the file, everything seems working fine until recently we got many complaints from visitor that the mp3 was streamed via the browser instead of displaying browser save dialog. I try for some mp3 and notice that for some mp3, the save dialog box is appear, and for some others they're streamed via browser. What can I do to force that the Mp3 file will be downloaded instead of streamed via web browser.... Any help would be much appreciated. Thanks

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• How to set IP address of Amazon EC2 instance to its Elastic IP?

  - by TWord

  Hi, I have an Amazon EC2 instance running and I am installing a program on it that needs to know what the machine's IP address is. Can I set the Elastic IP address to the IP address within the EC2 instance? Its okay if it reroutes data packets somewhere 'outside' and then back to itself, but the software NEEDs me to specify an IP address of the machine its on. I proceeded with the software installation using the "local IP" (10.xx.xx.xx) within the software installation. I don't know if this is the reason why the application is not visible publicly (as I'm trying to determine in the question http://serverfault.com/questions/166946/allowing-web-access-to-an-amazon-ec2-windows-server-2008-instance-running-tomcat)

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• FFMPEG Install on EC2 - Amazon Linux

  - by Oliver Holmberg

  Hello Serverfault friends, I am about two days into attempting to install FFMPEG with dependencies on an AWS EC2 instance running the Amazon Linux AMI. I've installed FFMPEG on Ubuntu and Fedora systems with no problems in the past, and have read reportedly successful instructions on installing on Red Hat/Fedora. I have followed a number of tutorials and forum articles to do so, but have had no luck yet. As far as I can tell, the main problems are as followed: The amazon linux (Most similar to red-hat/centos) yum repositories don't have ffmpeg available. I have found instructions to update the repositories to include the required packages, but adding these repositories cause yum to fail in updating packages. (Also, I've read some cautionary tales about adding redhat/centos repositories to amazon linux that lead me to believe it may be a bad idea) (https://forums.aws.amazon.com/thread.jspa?messageID=229166) I have tried a more complicated method of downloading the source tarball, compiling, and installing, but this always fails due to missing dependencies and other errors. On to my question: Has anyone successfully installed FFMPEG on Amazon Linux? Is there a fundamental incompatibility? If anyone could share specific instructions on installing ffmpeg on amazon linux I would be greatly appreciative. Any other insights/experiences would also be appreciated. Thanks in advance, Oliver

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• Hadoop on Amazon EC2 : Job tracker not starting properly

  - by Algorist

  Hi, We are running Hadoop on Amazon EC2 cluster. We start the master, slaves and attach the ebs volumes and finally waiting for hadoop jobtracker, tasktracker etc to start and we have timeout of 3600 seconds. We are noticing 50% of the time that job tracker is not able to start before the timeout. Reason being, hdfs is not initialized properly and still in safemode and job tracker is unable to start. I noticed few connectivity issues between nodes on EC2 as I tried manually pinging slaves. Did anyone face similar issue and know how to solve this? Thank you Bala

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• What is the difference between a plain Amazon ec2 instance and beanstalk?

  - by Alex Ford

  I am a solo developer and the sites I'm deploying are very small, usually hobby sites and I have a few questions about the Amazon services. Is there a reason for me to use beanstalk or should I just stick with a single ec2 instance? Should I use RDS for database? I heard someone say that I could just install a database on my ec2 instance, making it cheaper. I'm trying to keep everything as cheap as possible. I need to point custom domains to my sites. Pretty sure that means I have to deal with elastic IPs. Do those work with beanstalk or only with individual ec2 instances? Thanks in advance!

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• Amazon EC2 instance was not available for few minutes (amazon showed that everything ok)

  - by Salvador Dali

  Few minutes ago my amazon Ec2 instance was unavailable for a few minutes. During this time neither I was able to connect to web-site with http, nor I was able to ssh to it. Also I was not able to connect to my amazon management console for some time (less than amount of unavailability of my instance). When I was able to connect to management console, it was showing me that everything is running smoothly (but I still was not able to connect to instance in any way for a minute or two). During this time I have checked their status page just to see that there is no issues (my instance is in Ireland and there is nothing wrong there today). After that I was able to log in. I checked my logins with last to see that no one except me was logging in. I also looked in apache logs and there was no errors or warnings during this time. Right now when I see my amazon monitor, I see a small spike in CPU in last 15 minutes (but this is from 10% to like 20%) I have no idea what can it be (I have never experienced anything like this before) and therefore I have no idea how scared should I be or what else should I look for. Can anyone give me a hint what my actions should be in such situation?

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• Setup of high-end web server and DB server cluster on Amazon EC2: Is this how it's done?

  - by user1086584

  Amazon is so technical, I want to confirm that my understanding is correct. We have a large 500 GB database. (OrientDB.) We will have it mirrored to one another in the same Availability Zone. We believe the database size will grow rapidly. The plan is: Get 4 large instances that are compatible types with Placement Groups (as well as ideally, Enhanced Networking) (2 for web, 2 for DB.) We use an EBS-backed instances to store our operating system. Discussion here: http://alestic.com/2012/01/ec2-ebs-boot-recommended We can set up ephemeral SSD instance storage as swap space. (But it is lost after even a reboot. I hear its hard to add ephemeral storage if booting from EBS, but possible.) For offsite backup, we will take periodic snapshots and store them on S3. Obviously we need to ensure the database is in a safe state when that snapshot happens to avoid corruption. (Any hints here, aside from shutting down the DB?) If the database gets too big, we need to create a EBS volume that's larger. We can use RAID to break the 1 TB limit: http://alestic.com/2009/06/ec2-ebs-raid Static assets on web servers will be stored on S3. Is that correct? Or am I missing something?

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• Amazon EC2 EBS volume scheduled backup/snapshots using puppet

  - by Ehrann Mehdan

  I am not a Linux admin, although I wish I was, and I have seen these questions Amazon EC2 Backup Strategy Amazon EC2 + EBS:: Regular backup plan? Simple Backup Strategy for Amazon EC2 instances / volumes? And this suggestion http://alestic.com/2009/09/ec2-consistent-snapshot I tried using command line + crontab (the command line works, but crontab for some reason, doesn't) But I'm still pretty lost, all I want is an automated, rolling backup of my amazon EC2 (EBS) data (by rolling I mean keep 3-4 weeks back, but delete old snapshots as new ones come for cost control) And as things usually go, if there is something that is hard and painful, someone creates a solution for it. My question is simple, is there a way using a tool like Puppet to do it without a painful learning curve? (or via other tools like http://ylastic.com) If yes, how?

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• Amazon EC2 EBS volume scheduled backup/snapshots using puppet / similar tools

  - by Ehrann Mehdan

  I am not a Linux admin, although I wish I was, and I have seen these questions Amazon EC2 Backup Strategy Amazon EC2 + EBS:: Regular backup plan? Simple Backup Strategy for Amazon EC2 instances / volumes? And this suggestion http://alestic.com/2009/09/ec2-consistent-snapshot I tried using command line + crontab (the command line works, but crontab for some reason, doesn't) But I'm still pretty lost, all I want is an automated, rolling backup of my amazon EC2 (EBS) data (by rolling I mean keep 3-4 weeks back, but delete old snapshots as new ones come for cost control) And as things usually go, if there is something that is hard and painful, someone creates a solution for it. My question is simple, is there a way using a tool like Puppet to do it without a painful learning curve? (or via other tools like http://ylastic.com) If yes, how?

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• How to secure a group of Amazon EC2 instances

  - by ks78

  I have several Amazon EC2 instances running Ubuntu 10.04 and I've recently started using Amazon's Route 53 as my DNS. The purpose of doing that was to allow the instances to refer to each other by name rather than private IP (which can change). I've pointed my domain name (via GoDaddy) to Amazon's name servers, allowing me to access my EC2 webservers. However, I noticed I can now access the EC2 instances which I don't want to be public, such as the dedicated MySQL Server. I was thinking Amazon's Security Groups would still be in effect when using Route 53, but that doesn't seem to be the case. Before I started using Route 53, I was thinking of having one instance run a reverse proxy, which would help protect the web servers behind it. Then IP-restrict all the other instances. I know IP restricting can be done using the firewall within each instance, but should I ever need to access them from another IP address, I'd need a way in. Amazon's control panel made it a breeze to open a port when necessary. Does anyone have any suggestions for keeping EC2 instances secure, but also accessible to their administrator? Also, what's the best topology for a group of EC2 instances, consisting of web servers and a dedicated database server, from a security perspective? Does having a reverse proxy server even make sense?

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• Using Amazon's EBS for MySQL hot backup

  - by flybywire

  What are your experiences using Amazons EBS snapshot features for MySql hot backups. I have a database running a batch processing job in ec2. I backup with EBS snapshot. So far the backups looks consistent. But I am afraid they "will stop being consistent as soon as I stop checking" (Uncertainty principle). What are your experiences with backuping relational databases (and mysql in particular) with ebs snapshot?

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• Amazon Web Services : Fault tolerant solution

  - by Algorist

  Hi, I am using Boto library to write scripts for automating our jobs on AWS. My script actually starts a hadoop cluster using cloudera scripts and then does some customization. I am having a problem with retries. Seems like very command in my script fails once couple of days. I started adding retry to all the commands, but then the code is very clumsy and difficult to maintain. what do people do in general. Thank you Bala

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• (Newbie) Amazon Web Services Apache Server

  - by Samnsparky

  Hello! I am trying to get a feel for the costs imposed by running apache on AWS continually. Assuming that the service is scarcely used, does anyone know how many cpu hours that would eat up in a month just by sitting there and running? I understand that this is slightly impractical but I am trying to figure out what the cost of entry is to deploy an application on this platform (as compared to GAE). I suspect it to be small but I would like to know. Thank you for your help, Sam

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• Amazon Web Services Apache Server

  - by Samnsparky

  I am trying to get a feel for the costs imposed by running apache on AWS continually. Assuming that the service is scarcely used, does anyone know how many cpu hours that would eat up in a month just by sitting there and running? I understand that this is slightly impractical but I am trying to figure out what the cost of entry is to deploy an application on this platform (as compared to GAE). I suspect it to be small but I would like to know.

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• Amazon EC2: possible to use elastic load balancing across web servers in multiple regions based on location of client?

  - by Tony

  Related to an another question I asked. This question seems similar but I'm wondering if there are any updates. To support a single site that has users all over the world, I will create EC2 web servers in the US, Asia and Europe regions. The web server instances in the US and Asia regions will be backed by RDS replicas. Is it possible to load balance across these three regions? So when a customer from Spain goes to example.com, she should be routed to the EC2 instances in Europe region, a customer in Miami should be sent to the instance in Eastern US region, etc. Is this possible to do this with just AWS features? Are there docs on how to set this up?

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• Understanding where an amazon ec2 instance run?

  - by kenzo450D

  I am currently using the aws api from my local desktop. I can successfully take backups of my amazon volumes, and even create an ami from it. Now when i wanted to run the instance to be built from this ami, where does the instance run? In their Elastic Cloud or the computer from which the command was issued. Suppose I want to create the new instance in a new region? (locations as defined in ec2-describe-regions) How would I do that? It seems i have a bad knowledge about how the relation between amazon volumes and instances? Please explain it. I am only allowed to use the CLI tools to do all of my work. I made a new snapshot of the existing instance, made an ami using ec2-register, made a keypair, and then followed these steps, http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/launching-an-instance.html#launching-an-instance-cli but i got an error as this Client.InvalidParameterValue: The requested instance type's architecture (i386) does not match the architecture in the manifest for aki-fc37bacc (x86_64) my local computer is 32bit. But I do not want to load instance on the local computer but on amazon servers?

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• Amazon EC2, fastest way to get a node into an existing cluster

  - by imaginative

  I'm new to Amazon AWS. A lot of the time I hear about people folks spawning instances and almost instantly putting them behind a load balancer and into an existing cluster. In the traditional world of managed machines, this would include provisioning hardware, installing an OS, configuring the network on the machine and once the network is available, use a tool of your choice such as CFengine, Puppet or Chef to bootstrap the machine based on its class. It seems like there are "shortcuts" that are able to get a server of a particular class up and running in Amazon EC2. If I have a particular stack running on my server, such as erlang, tomcat6 etc.. what's the fastest way to get these up and running and hooked into Amazon's load balancer? From network, to software stack to kernel tuning? Is it a combination of creating an AMI then running a tool like Puppet against the new instance? Any idea

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