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  • Java: ArrayList bottleneck

    - by Jack
    Hello, while profiling a java application that calculates hierarchical clustering of thousands of elements I realized that ArrayList.get occupies like half of the CPU needed in the clusterization part of the execution. The algorithm searches the two more similar elements (so it is O(n*(n+1)/2) ), here's the pseudo code: int currentMax = 0.0f for (int i = 0 to n) for (int j = i to n) get content i-th and j-th if their similarity > currentMax update currentMax merge the two clusters So effectively there are a lot of ArrayList.get involved. Is there a faster way? I though that since ArrayList should be a linear array of references it should be the quickest way and maybe I can't do anything since there are simple too many gets.. but maybe I'm wrong. I don't think using a HashMap could work since I need to get them all on every iteration and map.values() should be backed by an ArrayList anyway.. Otherwise should I try other collection libraries that are more optimized? Like google's one, or apache one.. Thanks

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  • SQL bottleneck, how to fix

    - by masfenix
    This is related to my previous thread: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3069806/sql-query-takes-about-10-20-minutes However, I kinda figured out the problem. The problem (as described in the previous thread) is not the insert (while its still slow), the problem is looping through the data itself Consider the following code: Dim rs As DAO.Recordset Dim sngStart As Single, sngEnd As Single Dim sngElapsed As Single Set rs = CurrentDb().QueryDefs("select-all").OpenRecordset MsgBox "All records retreived" sngStart = Timer Do While Not rs.EOF rs.MoveNext Loop sngEnd = Timer sngElapsed = Format(sngEnd - sngStart, "Fixed") ' Elapsed time. MsgBox ("The query took " & sngElapsed _ & " seconds to run.") As you can see, this loop does NOTHING. You'd expect it to finish in seconds, however it takes about 857 seconds to run (or 15 minutes). I dont know why it is so slow. Maybe the lotusnotes sql driver? any other ideas? (java based solution, any other solution) What my goal is: To get all the data from remote server and insert into local access table

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  • Strange profiling results: definitely non-bottleneck method pops up

    - by jkff
    I'm profiling a program using sampling profiling in YourKit and JProfiler, and also "manually" (I launch it and press Ctrl-Break several times to get thread dumps). All three methods give me extremely strange results: some tens of percents of time spent in a 3-line method that does not even do any allocation or synchronization and doesn't have loops etc. Moreover, after I made this method into a NOP and even removed its invocation completely, the observable program performance didn't change at all (although it got a negligible memory leak, since it was a method for freeing a cheap resource). I'm thinking that this might be because of the constraints that JVM puts on the moments at which a thread's stacktrace may be taken, and it somehow turns out that in my program it is exactly the moments where this method is invoked, although there is absolutely nothing special about it or the context in which it is invoked. What can be the explanation for this phenomenon? What are the aforementioned constraints? What further measurements can I take to clarify the situation?

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  • Where is the bottleneck in this code?

    - by Mikhail
    I have the following tight loop that makes up the serial bottle neck of my code. Ideally I would parallelize the function that calls this but that is not possible. //n is about 60 for (int k = 0;k < n;k++) { double fone = z[k*n+i+1]; double fzer = z[k*n+i]; z[k*n+i+1]= s*fzer+c*fone; z[k*n+i] = c*fzer-s*fone; } Are there any optimizations that can be made such as vectorization or some evil inline that can help this code? I am looking into finding eigen solutions of tridiagonal matrices. http://www.cimat.mx/~posada/OptDoglegGraph/DocLogisticDogleg/projects/adjustedrecipes/tqli.cpp.html

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  • Server freeze (Disk I/O possibly)

    - by user973917
    I have a Windows Server 2008 machine that is resyncing disks after a powerloss. The issue is that the system becomes unresponsive after about 10 minutes. We've checked with resource monitor and found that the CPU's aren't maxed; but the disk I/O is well over 250MB/s. We've attempted copying data from 1 disk to another; bypassing syncing of disks and this too causes the machine to freeze after about 10 minutes of copying data. I have attempted to let the machine resync the disks for a few days with the machine on in this "frozen" state. By frozen I mean that NOTHING works on the machine, it's completely unresponsive; no mouse movement, etc. I want to know how I would go about definitively checking if this is Disk I/O that is freezing the system. I know that disk I/O can freeze a system; but what can I use to run tests to be sure?

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  • Hypervisor load on local disks

    - by Chris
    Hi, What is the I/O load on the local disk system for the host OS in XenServer ? I can't find this info anywhere. As we have a SAN for the VMs themselves, can we get away with cheap controller / SATA disk in raid-1 for the hypervisor ? We won't boot from the SAN as it seems prone to problems. Thanks, Chris

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  • The bottlenecks of any computer, what to look for?

    - by WebDevHobo
    Whether it is a laptop or a desktop, any computer is made up of several pieces of hardware that communicate with each other. Sending data back and forth to ensure that the user gets the desired results. I have seen some theoretical stuff on computers & hardware, but I wonder how it all comes together. CPU RAM Graphics Card L1 CACHE L2 CACHE L3 CACHE FSB ... And all other things. Which is the biggest bottle neck? Why would a person not want/need a big value in one of those categories in certain situations? P.S.: when reading the specs of the i5 750 processor, I came across this description: In place of the FSB, one or more high speed, point-to-point buses called Quick Path Interconnect (QPI) are used, formerly known as Common Serial Interconnect Bus or CSI. QPI features higher bandwidth than the traditional FSB and is better suited to system scaling. What is this, and how does it compare to FSB? EDIT: I am not planning to buy a computer at all. The goal of this question is to understand the internal relation of various hardware pieces, their specific functions and how they work together. For instance, I have heard to a somewhat higher-than-usual amount of L2/L3 Cache can help speed up your computer. What's up with saying that? Also I forgot to mention Hard-disk RPM.

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  • Performance monitoring on Linux/Unix

    - by ervingsb
    I run a few Windows servers and (Debian and Ubuntu) Linux and AIX servers. I would like to continously monitor performance on these systems in order to easily identify bottlenecks as well as to have an overview of the general activity on the servers. On Windows, I use Windows Performance Monitor (perfmon) for this. I set up these counters: For bottlenecks: Processor utilization : System\Processor Queue Length Memory utilization : Memory\Pages Input/Sec Disk Utilization : PhysicalDisk\Current Disk Queue Length\driveletter Network problems: Network Interface\Output Queue Length\nic name For general activity: Processor utilization : Processor\% Processor Time_Total Memory utilization : Process\Working Set_Total (or per specific process) Memory utilization : Memory\Available MBytes Disk Utilization : PhysicalDisk\Bytes/sec_Total (or per process) Network Utilization : Network Interface\Bytes Total/Sec\nic name (More information on the choice of these counters on: http://itcookbook.net/blog/windows-perfmon-top-ten-counters ) This works really well. It allows me to look in one place and identify most common bottlenecks. So my question is, how can I do something equivalent (or just very similar) on Linux servers? I have looked a bit on nmon (http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/aix/library/au-analyze_aix/) which is a free performance monitoring tool developed for AIX but also availble for Linux. However, I am not sure if nmon allows me to set up the above counters. Maybe it is because Linux and AIX does not allow monitoring these exact same measures. Is so, which ones should I choose and why? If nmon is not the tool to use for this, then what do you recommend?

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  • Steps to diagnose performance bottlenecks on Mac OS X

    - by Dave Cahill
    If you wanted to track down performance issues on a machine running Mac OS X and find out what was causing slowdowns, which command-line or graphical tools would you use, and how would you use them? I'm interested in advice on the best tools, and explanations of how to use them - when a machine slows down or freezes up, I'd like to be able to dig down and understand what's going on, memory / disk / CPU-wise. Thanks.

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  • Please recommend tools for PC, browser, home network performance problems?

    - by mobibob
    My client is experiencing some odd response behavior in their browser for the past few days. Classic, "nothing has changed" so I am starting at ground zero. Browsing a website will timeout or take a ridiculous time to load -- other times, the same site and query is immediately responsive. Once a connection is established, video streams are uninterrupted. The home network hosts a website, but it is not experiencing any activity in Apache's 'access.log' I am using speedtest.net to check if the ISP through the internet is 'OK' -- which looks typical (average +/-). I have to suspect the home network is beaconing or something very abnormal, but I don't know where to start.

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  • NGiNX performance degrades over time.

    - by Rylea Stark
    So here's the situation, I run a small cluster, Dedicated box for MySQL, and a dedicated PHP-FPM/NGINX box, Nginx talks to php-fpm via socket, As far as i can tell the problem does not lie in php-fpm, it lies somewhere in my configuration. What happens, is the site loads instant for a few moments after starting and slowly starts to degrade to load times of greater than 2 seconds, eventually taking 12 seconds to complete a load, PHP is configured to close a child after 175 requests, and spawn 20 at start and have a max of 60. Not really sure where the bottle neck is, most of my code is optimized and works flawlessly, but these issues with nginx will most likely force me to switch back over to Apache, And I really dont want to do that, NGINX.conf configuration below. user www-data; worker_processes 4; worker_cpu_affinity 0001 0010 0100 1000; error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; pid /var/run/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 512; multi_accept on; use epoll; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log; resolver_timeout 5s; satisfy all; ## Size Limits limit_zone brainbug $binary_remote_addr 5m; client_body_buffer_size 8k; client_header_buffer_size 75M; client_max_body_size 1k; large_client_header_buffers 2 1k; ## Timeouts client_body_timeout 60; client_header_timeout 60; keepalive_timeout 60; send_timeout 60; ## General Options ignore_invalid_headers on; recursive_error_pages on; sendfile on; server_name_in_redirect off; server_tokens off; ## TCP options tcp_nodelay on; #tcp_nopush on; output_buffers 128 512k; gzip on; gzip_http_version 1.0; gzip_comp_level 7; gzip_proxied any; gzip_min_length 0; gzip_buffers 32 32k; gzip_types text/plain text/html text/css application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript image/jpeg image/png image/gif; ## Disable GZIP for MSIE 1-6 gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6].(?!.*SV1)"; ## Set a vary header so downstream proxies don't send cached gzipped content to IE6 gzip_vary on; include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf; include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*; }

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  • Intel Ethernet Bottlenecking Internet?

    - by Donald Darma
    I'm having trouble with my internet speeds. So I just recent build a pc and everything is fine. I installed the Intel drivers and connected to the internet. It connects but I'm only half the speed I should be getting. My normal speed is 20mbps but speedtest.net is only showing 10. It can't be my ISP (which is TWC if anyone is asking) because my other devices like my laptop and my smartphone are showing 20 down. Heres my system: CPU: i5 4430 HSF: Stock cooler Mobo: Gigabyte Z87MX-D3H GPU: x2 MSI R7950-3GD5/OC BE RAM: Crucial Ballistix Tactical Tracer 8GB dual channel PSU: Silencer High Performance Power Supply 750 Watt 80+ (It's a subdivision of OCZ) HDD: Seagate Barracuda 7200RPM 3TB SSD: Samsung 840 Evo 120 GB Case: Corsair Obsidian 350D Edit: I am using the stock adapter that is on the motherboard. I know for a fact that the cable is good because I used it on my laptop and it ran fine. Its a CAT5E cable. I also ran IPERF and its giving me the same results, 10 mbps.

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  • cygwin rsync over ssh very slow

    - by Waleed Hamra
    I have 2 machines running Windows Xp SP3. I have cygwin installed on both, version 1.7. I have rsync and ssh installed on both, and configured using default settings as per ssh-host-config and ssh-user-config programs provided. I moved the public keys into their respective locations, and basically ssh is working fine. i began an rsync operation, using: rsync -av --delete --hard-links local_dir username@other_machine:/some_dir well... on both machines, the processor is running near idle, no heavy usage. I checked IO using process explorer on both machines, and that too is at normal levels (1~2 MB/s), so I can't see where the bottlenecks are, because network performance is aweful. I'm not going over 1MB/s... when a normal file copy using windows sharing achieves some ~10 MB/s.. What could be wrong?

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  • At what point does the performance gap between GPU & CPU become so great that the CPU is holding back a system?

    - by Matthew Galloway
    I know that generally speaking for gaming performance the GPU is the primary factor which holds back performance, with everything else such as RAM/motherboard/PSU/CPU being secondary in importance to the graphics card. But at some point the other components ARE going to be significant in holding back the whole system! For instance nobody would be silly enough to play modern games with 512MB RAM and the very latest graphics cards (such as an HD7970) as I bet the performance increase over such a system with only 512MB but a mid range card would be non-existent! Thus it would be a "waste" for such a person to buy any high end graphics card without resolving first the system's other problems. The same point applies to other components, such as if it only had a Pentium II a current high end graphics card would be wasted on it! So my core question is how do you determine at what point for your system is spending on extra GPU power be completely "wasted"? (also, a slightly more nuanced question is trying work out at what point might the extra graphics power not be "wasted" but would be "sub optimal" value for money, when the expenditure should then be split around graphics card and other components. As obviously a gamer shouldn't always just spend on upgrading the graphics card! But needs to balance it out)

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  • Concurrent Generation of Sequential Keys

    - by GenTiradentes
    I'm working on a project which generates a very large number of sequential text strings, in a very tight loop. My application makes heavy use of SIMD instruction set extensions like SSE and MMX, in other parts of the program, but the key generator is plain C++. The way my key generator works is I have a keyGenerator class, which holds a single char array that stores the current key. To get the next key, there is a function called "incrementKey," which treats the string as a number, adding one to the string, carrying where necessary. Now, the problem is, the keygen is somewhat of a bottleneck. It's fast, but it would be nice if it were faster. One of the biggest problems is that when I'm generating a set of sequential keys to be processed using my SSE2 code, I have to have the entire set stored in an array, which means I have to sequentially generate and copy 12 strings into an array, one by one, like so: char* keys[12]; for(int i = 0; i < 12; i++) { keys[i] = new char[16]; strcmp(keys[i], keygen++); } So how would you efficiently generate these plaintext strings in order? I need some ideas to help move this along. Concurrency would be nice; as my code is right now, each successive key depends on the previous one, which means that the processor can't start work on the next key until the current one has been completely generated. Here is the code relevant to the key generator: KeyGenerator.h class keyGenerator { public: keyGenerator(unsigned long long location, characterSet* charset) : location(location), charset(charset) { for(int i = 0; i < 16; i++) key[i] = 0; charsetStr = charset->getCharsetStr(); integerToKey(); } ~keyGenerator() { } inline void incrementKey() { register size_t keyLength = strlen(key); for(register char* place = key; place; place++) { if(*place == charset->maxChar) { // Overflow, reset char at place *place = charset->minChar; if(!*(place+1)) { // Carry, no space, insert char *(place+1) = charset->minChar; ++keyLength; break; } else { continue; } } else { // Space available, increment char at place if(*place == charset->charSecEnd[0]) *place = charset->charSecBegin[0]; else if(*place == charset->charSecEnd[1]) *place = charset->charSecBegin[1]; (*place)++; break; } } } inline char* operator++() // Pre-increment { incrementKey(); return key; } inline char* operator++(int) // Post-increment { memcpy(postIncrementRetval, key, 16); incrementKey(); return postIncrementRetval; } void integerToKey() { register unsigned long long num = location; if(!num) { key[0] = charsetStr[0]; } else { num++; while(num) { num--; unsigned int remainder = num % charset->length; num /= charset->length; key[strlen(key)] = charsetStr[remainder]; } } } inline unsigned long long keyToInteger() { // TODO return 0; } inline char* getKey() { return key; } private: unsigned long long location; characterSet* charset; std::string charsetStr; char key[16]; // We need a place to store the key for the post increment operation. char postIncrementRetval[16]; }; CharacterSet.h struct characterSet { characterSet() { } characterSet(unsigned int len, int min, int max, int charsec0, int charsec1, int charsec2, int charsec3) { init(length, min, max, charsec0, charsec1, charsec2, charsec3); } void init(unsigned int len, int min, int max, int charsec0, int charsec1, int charsec2, int charsec3) { length = len; minChar = min; maxChar = max; charSecEnd[0] = charsec0; charSecBegin[0] = charsec1; charSecEnd[1] = charsec2; charSecBegin[1] = charsec3; } std::string getCharsetStr() { std::string retval; for(int chr = minChar; chr != maxChar; chr++) { for(int i = 0; i < 2; i++) if(chr == charSecEnd[i]) chr = charSecBegin[i]; retval += chr; } return retval; } int minChar, maxChar; // charSec = character set section int charSecEnd[2], charSecBegin[2]; unsigned int length; };

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  • Network bandwidth bottleneck for sorting of mapreduce intermediate keys?

    - by Zubair
    I have been learning the mapreduce algorithm and how it can potentially scale to millions of machines, but I don't understand how the sorting of the intermediate keys after the map phase can scale, as there will be: 1,000,000 x 1,000,000 : potential machines communicating small key / value pairs of the intermediate results with each other? Isn't this a bottleneck?

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  • Does using a single cable to connect two switches create a bottleneck?

    - by Nick
    I realise this may be a stupid question for some, but it's something I've always wondered about. Let's say we have two gigabit switches and all of the devices on the network are also gigabit. If 10 computers connected to switch A need to transfer large amounts of data to a server on Switch B (at the same time), is the maximum transfer speed of each connection limited by the bandwidth of the connection between the two switches? In other words, would each computer only be able to transfer at a speed of one gigabit divided by the 10 machines trying to use the "bridge" between switches? If so, are there any workarounds so that every device can use it's maximum speed from point to point?

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  • How can I pin point a USB file transfer bottleneck in Unix?

    - by HankHendrix
    I'm experiencing very slow data transfer speeds over USB 2.0 on my nix box and was wondering how I can pin-point the cause of the problem. I've looked into iotop and top but the cpu and mem figures look normal (compared to guides I have checked). The box which is affected is Ubuntu 12.04 32bit Server running on an Asus EEE 701 2G model and I am transferring from the OS over USB 2.0 to an external HDD (which transfers at 30MB/s+ on Windows 7 on other machine). I get rsync write speeds of 1MB/s from OS to USB HDD which seems ridiculously slow. These speeds are consistent with other USB HDDs and sticks.

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  • Is the XP VMM a bottleneck on a multi core machine?

    - by JeffV
    I have a dual Xeon hex core machine running an IO intensive application. (WinXP 32) I am seeing a hardware driver (1/2 user mode, 1/2 kernel, streaming data) that is using 6k delta page faults per second. When other applications load or allocate large amounts of memory the driver's hardware buffer gets an underrun (application not feeding it fast enough). Could this be because the kernel is only using one core to service page fault interrupts?

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