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  • Subsumption architecture vs. perceptual control theory

    - by Yasir G.
    I'm a new person to AI field and I have to research and compare 2 different architectures for a thesis I'm writing. Before you scream (homework thread), I've been reading on these 2 topics only to find that I'm confusing myself more.. let me first start with stating briefly what I know so far. Subsumption is based on the fact that targets of a system are different in sophistication, thus that requires them to be added as layers, each layer can suppress (modify) the command of the layers below it, and there are inhibitors to stop signals from execution lets say. PCT stresses on the fact that there are nodes to handle environmental changes (negative feedback), so the inputs coming from an environment go through a comparator node and then an action is generated by that node, HPCT or (Hierarchical PCT) is based on nesting these cycles inside each other so a small cycle to avoid crashing would be nested in a more sophisticated cycle that targets a certain location for example. My questions, am I getting this the right way? am I missing any critical understanding about these 2 models? also any idea where I can find simplified explanations for each theory (so far been struggling trying to understand the papers from Google scholar :< ) /Y

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  • Changing label color based on current label color in iPhone dev

    - by Matt Thomas
    I am having trouble figuring out the if statement code for changing the color of a UI label based on the current color of the label. For instance, if the label color is currently red and the correct button is pressed, I want the label color to change to black. If the label color is black I want the label color to change to blue. Many thanks for any tips.

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  • Operating systems theory -- using minimum number of semaphores

    - by stackuser
    This situation is prone to deadlock of processes in an operating system and I'd like to solve it with the minimum of semaphores. Basically there are three cooperating processes that all read data from the same input device. Each process, when it gets the input device, must read two consecutive data. I want to use mutual exclusion to do this. Semaphores should be used to synchronize: P1: P2: P3: input(a1,a2) input (b1,b2) input(c1,c2) Y=a1+c1 W=b2+c2 Z=a2+b1 Print (X) X=Z-Y+W The declaration and initialization that I think would work here are: semaphore s=1 sa1 = 0, sa2 = 0, sb1 = 0, sb2 = 0, sc1 = 0, sc2 = 0 I'm sure that any kernel programmers that happen on this can knock this out in a minute or 2. Diagram of cooperating Processes and one input device: It seems like P1 and P2 would start something like: wait(s) input (a1/b1, a2/b2) signal(s)

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  • Interface builder background color => clear color ?

    - by jchatard
    I've setup some background colors for my Labels in order to position them. Now that they are well in place, I vould like to reset their background color to none, or clearColor. But I don't find any way to achieve this in IB, I don't gind any "no color" color... Any way to do this without re-coding color at runtime? Thanks, Jérémy

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  • How do you deal with translating theory into practice?

    - by Mr. Shickadance
    Hello all! Being a computer scientist in a research field I am often tasked with working alongside professionals outside of the software domain (think math people, electrical engineer etc), and then translating their theories and ideas into real-world implementations. I often find it difficult when they present a theoretical problem which appears to be somewhat disconnected from reality. I am not saying that the theory is bogus, only that it is difficult to translate into real-world situations. For example, recently I have been working with software defined radios. We are exploring many different areas, but often the math specialists in my group would present a problem which is heavily grounded in theory (signal processing, physics, whatever). I often struggle at times where it is hard to draw direct parallels between the theory and the real-world implementation that I need to develop. Say we are working on an energy detector, the theory person in my group would say "you need to measure the noise variance with no signal present." This leads me to think "how the hell do I isolate noise from a signal in reality?" There are many examples, but I hope you see where I am going. So, my question is how does one deal with implementation of theoretical concepts when the theory seems detached from reality? Or at least when the connections are not so clear. Or perhaps, the person with the 'theory' may be ignorant of real restrictions? Note: I found this to be a hard question to ask - hopefully you are following me. If you have suggestions on how I could improve it, by all means let me know! Thanks for looking! EDIT: To be a bit more clear, I understand in situations like this that I must learn that specific domain myself to an extent (i.e. signal processing), but I am more concerned with when those theoretical concepts do not appear to be as grounded in practice as one would like.

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  • Using SDL to replace colors using SDL Color Keys

    - by Shawn B
    Hey, I am working an a simple Roguelike game, and using SDL as the display. The Graphics for the game is an image of Codepage 437, with the background being black, and the font white. Instead of using many seperate image files that are already colored, I want to use one image file, and replace the colors when it is being loaded into memory. The code to split the codepage into a sprite sheet works properly, but when attempting to print in color, everything comes out in white. I had it working the past, but somehow I broke the code when changing it from change the color at print, to change the color on load. Here is the code to load the image: SDL_Surface *Screen,*Font[2]; SDL_Rect Character[256]; Uint8 ScreenY,ScreenX; Uint16 PrintX,PrintY,ScreenSizeY,ScreenSizeX; Uint32 Color[2]; void InitDisplay() { if(SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) == -1) { printf("SDL Init failed\n"); return; } ScreenSizeY = 600; ScreenSizeX = 800; Screen = SDL_SetVideoMode(ScreenSizeX,ScreenSizeY,32,SDL_HWSURFACE | SDL_RESIZABLE); SDL_WM_SetCaption("Alpha",NULL); SDL_Surface *Load; Load = IMG_Load("resource/font.png"); Font[0] = SDL_DisplayFormat(Load); SDL_FreeSurface(Load); Color[0] = SDL_MapRGB(Font[0]->format,255,255,255); Color[1] = SDL_MapRGB(Font[0]->format,255,0,0); Uint8 i,j,k = 0; PrintX = 0; PrintY = 0; for(i = 0; i < 16; i++) { for(j = 0; j < 16; j++) { Character[k].x = PrintX; Character[k].y = PrintY; Character[k].w = 8; Character[k].h = 12; k++; PrintX += 8; } PrintX = 0; PrintY += 12; } PrintX = 0; PrintY = 0; for(i = 1; i < 2; i++) { Font[i] = SDL_DisplayFormat(Font[0]); SDL_SetColorKey(Font[i],SDL_SRCCOLORKEY,Color[i]); SDL_FillRect(Font[i],&Font[i]->clip_rect,Color[i]); SDL_BlitSurface(Font[0],NULL,Font[i],NULL); SDL_SetColorKey(Font[0],0,Color[0]); } } The problem is with the last for loop above. I can't figure out why it isn't working. Any help is greatly appreciated!

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  • Determining your websites color scheme

    - by Steve Hayes
    One of the biggest issues I have, from a UI standpoint, when building a new website is figuring out what colors I will use and of those colors, do they actually work well together. I found this site that has really helped me out and I figured I would share it with all of you and also get some responses back about either sites similar or other ways that you get/figure out your color schemes. Here is the site that I currently use: http://kuler.adobe.com/ With Adobe Kuler, you can chose a base color and it will suggest 5 colors, including your color, that go well with one another. You can, of course, modify the colors it chooses. Also,one of the main features I use, is the image color matching. You can upload an image and it will determine a color scheme based on the colors of the image. So if you have a logo and want to use the colors of the logo, then this works perfectly for you. Thank you and I look forward to your feedback!

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  • Color scheme: Smooth Dark

    - by xsl
    As requested by James McNellis I exported my Visual Studio color scheme and posted it here. It is basically the default Visual Studio color scheme with a dark background and slightly modified colors. Visual Studio 2010 Download: http://www.file-upload.net/download-2588083/Smooth-Dark.vssettings.html Installation: Select Tools > Import and Export Settings. Choose Import Selected Environment Settings. Select the file you downloaded. Import only the color settings. Click Finish. Console2 Installation In the file console.xml replace the color element with: <colors> <color id="0" r="23" g="27" b="32"/> <color id="1" r="120" g="150" b="180"/> <color id="2" r="139" g="163" b="137"/> <color id="3" r="119" g="181" b="181"/> <color id="4" r="181" g="122" b="119"/> <color id="5" r="186" g="141" b="183"/> <color id="6" r="168" g="171" b="129"/> <color id="7" r="182" g="182" b="182"/> <color id="8" r="114" g="114" b="114"/> <color id="9" r="120" g="150" b="180"/> <color id="10" r="139" g="163" b="137"/> <color id="11" r="119" g="181" b="181"/> <color id="12" r="181" g="122" b="119"/> <color id="13" r="186" g="141" b="183"/> <color id="14" r="168" g="171" b="129"/> <color id="15" r="255" g="255" b="255"/> </colors>

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  • Generate Color Gradient in C#

    - by Ngu Soon Hui
    My question here is similar to the question here, except that I am working with C#. I have two colors, and I have a predefine steps. How to retrieve a list of Colors that are the gradients between the two? This is an approach that I tried, which didn't work: int argbMax = Color.Chocolate.ToArgb(); int argbMin = Color.Blue.ToArgb(); var colorList = new List<Color>(); for(int i=0; i<size; i++) { var colorAverage= argbMin + (int)((argbMax - argbMin) *i/size); colorList.Add(Color.FromArgb(colorAverage)); } If you try the above code, you will find that a gradual increase in argb doesn't correspond to a visual gradual increase in the color. Any idea on this?

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  • Are there any formalized/mathematical theories of software testing?

    - by Erik Allik
    Googling "software testing theory" only seems to give theories in the soft sense of the word; I have not been able to find anything that would classify as a theory in the mathematical, information theoretical or some other scientific field's sense. What I'm looking for is something that formalizes what testing is, the notions used, what a test case is, the feasibility of testing something, the practicality of testing something, the extent to which something should be tested, formal definition/explanation of code coverage, etc. UPDATE: Also, I'm not sure, intuitively, about the connection between formal verification and what I asked, but there's clearly some sort of connection.

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  • Given a RGB color x, how to find the most contrasting color y?

    - by Arthur Wulf White
    I have to mark a certain item in a way that will make it stick-out in the background. I need it to be surrounded with the color that contrasts the background as much as possible so it will pop out and easily noticeable by the player. Lets say I know the background is color 'x', how do I find 'y' such that it will be very contrasting to 'x' and easy to notice in a background where 'x' is a dominant color? I first thought about inverting color 'x' and then I noticed that when 'x' is a medium shade of gray, if I invert 'x' to get 'y', then 'y' is also a medium shade of gray which does not work.

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  • Emacs color-theme suitable for maximum readability when projected [closed]

    - by Julien Chastang
    I will be giving a lisp talk in a few days at a meetup I regularly attend. Attendees have complained in the past about my emacs color theme not being readable when projected. What is a emacs color-theme suitable for maximum readability when projected? Post "Q & A" update I did some experimentation and found these color themes to be acceptable for projection Blue Mood blackOnGray Dark Blue 2

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  • 2-components color model

    - by Cyan
    RGB is the natural color model for OpenGL. But a lot of other color models exist. For example, CMY(K) for printers, YUV for JPEG, the little cousins YCbCr and YCoCg, HSL & HSV from the 70's, and so on. All these models tend to share a common property : they are based on 3 components. Therefore my question is : Does it exist a 2-components color model ? I'm surprised to not find any. I was expecting something along the line of Hue+light could exist. I guess it cannot be as "complete" as a true 3-components color model, but a fine-enough approximation will be good for my usecase. The end objective is to store the 2 components into a single BC5 texture (GL_COMPRESSED_RED_GREEN_RGTC2 in OpenGL). The 3rd component requires a second fetch into a second texture, which hurts performance.

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  • Should I embed the sRGB color profile in JPEG files?

    - by basic6
    I have a large (growing) collection of scanned images. They are TIFF files, mostly 48 bit with the Adobe RGB color space. This color profile is integrated in the files. When such a file is opened in IrfanView (with plugins), it says (Image - Information) Adobe RGB 1998. "Normal images", like the JPG files from a digital camera, do not (necessarily) have a color profile integrated in the file. I understand that it's necessary to include the Adobe RGB profile in an image file which uses the Adobe RGB space, so the color values can be interpreted correctly. Here's a test image with a completely different color profile, programs that ignore the included profile (like MSIE8 or Gwenview) will render it as sRGB (?): I'm planning to convert my TIF files to JPG, so I'm wondering if there's anything wrong with using IrfanView that would save them as sRGB without embedding the sRGB profile. I've heard that images should always be saved with the color profile included. Since every image seems to be interpreted as sRGB by default (by software without color management), I don't understand why the sRGB profile should be included?

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  • CSS Validation Warning: Same colors for color and background-color in two contexts

    - by TankDriver
    I am getting a ton of warnings like the ones listed below when I do a CSS validation check via http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/validator?uri=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamefriction.com%2FCoded&profile=css21&usermedium=all&warning=1&lang=en > 513 Same colors for color and > background-color in two contexts > #blue_module and #red_module_top 513 Same colors for color and > background-color in two contexts > .content ul li and #red_module_top 513 > Same colors for color and > background-color in two contexts > #footer_container and #red_module_top 513 Same colors for color and > background-color in two contexts > ul.tabs li a.active and > #red_module_top 513 Same colors for color and background-color in two > contexts #content_960 and > #red_module_top 513 Same colors for color and background-color in two > contexts #content_main and > #red_module_top 513 Same colors for color and background-color in two > contexts .content and #red_module_top > 513 Same colors for color and > background-color in two contexts > #league_module select option and #red_module_top 513 Same colors for color and background-color in two > contexts #red_module and > #red_module_top Any ideas how to fix this? CSS file: gamefriction.com/Coded/css/style.css

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  • Why do some programmers think there is a contrast between theory and practice?

    - by Giorgio
    Comparing software engineering with civil engineering, I was surprised to observe a different way of thinking: any civil engineer knows that if you want to build a small hut in the garden you can just get the materials and go build it whereas if you want to build a 10-storey house you need to do quite some maths to be sure that it won't fall apart. In contrast, speaking with some programmers or reading blogs or forums I often find a wide-spread opinion that can be formulated more or less as follows: theory and formal methods are for mathematicians / scientists while programming is more about getting things done. What is normally implied here is that programming is something very practical and that even though formal methods, mathematics, algorithm theory, clean / coherent programming languages, etc, may be interesting topics, they are often not needed if all one wants is to get things done. According to my experience, I would say that while you do not need much theory to put together a 100-line script (the hut), in order to develop a complex application (the 10-storey building) you need a structured design, well-defined methods, a good programming language, good text books where you can look up algorithms, etc. So IMO (the right amount of) theory is one of the tools for getting things done. So my question is why do some programmers think that there is a contrast between theory (formal methods) and practice (getting things done)? Is software engineering (building software) perceived by many as easy compared to, say, civil engineering (building houses)? Or are these two disciplines really different (apart from mission-critical software, software failure is much more acceptable than building failure)?

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  • BGR Color Space

    - by updateraj
    I understand RGB --- value (0-255)Red,(0-255)Green,(0-255)Blue to form a color. What is exactly BGR color space ? How is it different from RGB color space ?

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  • GUI design for color blindness

    - by Phillip Ngan
    It is common to represent status of an item in a GUI using the colors: red, yellow, green, to mean error, warning, and OK (or something equivalent). However, 7-10% of men have difficulty distinguishing between red and green because of color blindness. So far I've looked at Color Scheme Designer which simulates how people with different color blindnesses would perceive a set of colors, but I'm interested in hearing how you have approached this problem and how successful it was.

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  • How to make selection color be "on top" when background color for any text element is set in Visual

    - by Confused Developer
    Faced problem while setting background color for any element in Visual Studio 2010 editor. Selection color doesn't override this background color. So then it's very inconvenient to work with selections in editor. Case when only string literal is selected it's almost impossible to distinguish colors and see what part of string is selected. Is there any possibility to fix the problem by changing some options? Or it's a Visual Studio bug?

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  • Colorize with a given color a texture

    - by Pacha
    I have a texture and I want to "colorize" it with a given color, lets say cyan (#00ffff) or purple (#800080). What I want to do, is get all the pixel values from the texture, and remove the color and keep the "brightness" and "saturation" and apply to the desired color. There is a tool in GIMP to do this called Colorize (Colors -> Colorize.. while editing), I made an example below. This is will all be done in a shader (GLSL), although this is probably a general algorithm.

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  • Color Picking Troubles - LWJGL/OpenGL

    - by Tom Johnson
    I'm attempting to check which object the user is hovering over. While everything seems to be just how I'd think it should be, I'm not able to get the correct color due to the second time I draw (without picking colors). Here is my rendering code: public void render() { glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glLoadIdentity(); camera.applyTranslations(); scene.pick(); glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glLoadIdentity(); camera.applyTranslations(); scene.render(); } And here is what gets called on each block/tile on "scene.pick()": public void pick() { glColor3ub((byte) pickingColor.x, (byte) pickingColor.y, (byte) pickingColor.z); draw(); glReadBuffer(GL_FRONT); ByteBuffer buffer = BufferUtils.createByteBuffer(4); glReadPixels(Mouse.getX(), Mouse.getY(), 1, 1, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, buffer); int r = buffer.get(0) & 0xFF; int g = buffer.get(1) & 0xFF; int b = buffer.get(2) & 0xFF; if(r == pickingColor.x && g == pickingColor.y && b == pickingColor.z) { hovered = true; } else { hovered = false; } } I believe the problem is that in the method of each tile/block called by scene.pick(), it is reading the color from the regular drawing state, after that method is called somehow. I believe this because when I remove the "glReadBuffer(GL_FRONT)" line from the pick method, it seems to almost fix it, but then it will also select blocks behind the one you are hovering as it is not only looking at the front. If you have any ideas of what to do, please be sure to reply!/ EDIT: Adding scene.render(), tile.render(), and tile.draw() scene.render: public void render() { for(int x = 0; x < tiles.length; x++) { for(int z = 0; z < tiles.length; z++) { tiles[x][z].render(); } } } tile.render: public void render() { glColor3f(color.x, color.y, color.z); draw(); if(hovered) { glColor3f(1, 1, 1); glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_LINE); draw(); glPolygonMode(GL_FRONT_AND_BACK, GL_FILL); } } tile.draw: public void draw() { float x = position.x, y = position.y, z = position.z; //Top glBegin(GL_QUADS); glVertex3f(x, y + size, z); glVertex3f(x + size, y + size, z); glVertex3f(x + size, y + size, z + size); glVertex3f(x, y + size, z + size); glEnd(); //Left glBegin(GL_QUADS); glVertex3f(x, y, z); glVertex3f(x + size, y, z); glVertex3f(x + size, y + size, z); glVertex3f(x, y + size, z); glEnd(); //Right glBegin(GL_QUADS); glVertex3f(x + size, y, z); glVertex3f(x + size, y + size, z); glVertex3f(x + size, y + size, z + size); glVertex3f(x + size, y, z + size); glEnd(); } (The game is like an isometric game. That's why I only draw 3 faces.)

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