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  • How to Achieve Real-Time Data Protection and Availabilty....For Real

    - by JoeMeeks
    There is a class of business and mission critical applications where downtime or data loss have substantial negative impact on revenue, customer service, reputation, cost, etc. Because the Oracle Database is used extensively to provide reliable performance and availability for this class of application, it also provides an integrated set of capabilities for real-time data protection and availability. Active Data Guard, depicted in the figure below, is the cornerstone for accomplishing these objectives because it provides the absolute best real-time data protection and availability for the Oracle Database. This is a bold statement, but it is supported by the facts. It isn’t so much that alternative solutions are bad, it’s just that their architectures prevent them from achieving the same levels of data protection, availability, simplicity, and asset utilization provided by Active Data Guard. Let’s explore further. Backups are the most popular method used to protect data and are an essential best practice for every database. Not surprisingly, Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN) is one of the most commonly used features of the Oracle Database. But comparing Active Data Guard to backups is like comparing apples to motorcycles. Active Data Guard uses a hot (open read-only), synchronized copy of the production database to provide real-time data protection and HA. In contrast, a restore from backup takes time and often has many moving parts - people, processes, software and systems – that can create a level of uncertainty during an outage that critical applications can’t afford. This is why backups play a secondary role for your most critical databases by complementing real-time solutions that can provide both data protection and availability. Before Data Guard, enterprises used storage remote-mirroring for real-time data protection and availability. Remote-mirroring is a sophisticated storage technology promoted as a generic infrastructure solution that makes a simple promise – whatever is written to a primary volume will also be written to the mirrored volume at a remote site. Keeping this promise is also what causes data loss and downtime when the data written to primary volumes is corrupt – the same corruption is faithfully mirrored to the remote volume making both copies unusable. This happens because remote-mirroring is a generic process. It has no  intrinsic knowledge of Oracle data structures to enable advanced protection, nor can it perform independent Oracle validation BEFORE changes are applied to the remote copy. There is also nothing to prevent human error (e.g. a storage admin accidentally deleting critical files) from also impacting the remote mirrored copy. Remote-mirroring tricks users by creating a false impression that there are two separate copies of the Oracle Database. In truth; while remote-mirroring maintains two copies of the data on different volumes, both are part of a single closely coupled system. Not only will remote-mirroring propagate corruptions and administrative errors, but the changes applied to the mirrored volume are a result of the same Oracle code path that applied the change to the source volume. There is no isolation, either from a storage mirroring perspective or from an Oracle software perspective.  Bottom line, storage remote-mirroring lacks both the smarts and isolation level necessary to provide true data protection. Active Data Guard offers much more than storage remote-mirroring when your objective is protecting your enterprise from downtime and data loss. Like remote-mirroring, an Active Data Guard replica is an exact block for block copy of the primary. Unlike remote-mirroring, an Active Data Guard replica is NOT a tightly coupled copy of the source volumes - it is a completely independent Oracle Database. Active Data Guard’s inherent knowledge of Oracle data block and redo structures enables a separate Oracle Database using a different Oracle code path than the primary to use the full complement of Oracle data validation methods before changes are applied to the synchronized copy. These include: physical check sum, logical intra-block checking, lost write validation, and automatic block repair. The figure below illustrates the stark difference between the knowledge that remote-mirroring can discern from an Oracle data block and what Active Data Guard can discern. An Active Data Guard standby also provides a range of additional services enabled by the fact that it is a running Oracle Database - not just a mirrored copy of data files. An Active Data Guard standby database can be open read-only while it is synchronizing with the primary. This enables read-only workloads to be offloaded from the primary system and run on the active standby - boosting performance by utilizing all assets. An Active Data Guard standby can also be used to implement many types of system and database maintenance in rolling fashion. Maintenance and upgrades are first implemented on the standby while production runs unaffected at the primary. After the primary and standby are synchronized and all changes have been validated, the production workload is quickly switched to the standby. The only downtime is the time required for user connections to transfer from one system to the next. These capabilities further expand the expectations of availability offered by a data protection solution beyond what is possible to do using storage remote-mirroring. So don’t be fooled by appearances.  Storage remote-mirroring and Active Data Guard replication may look similar on the surface - but the devil is in the details. Only Active Data Guard has the smarts, the isolation, and the simplicity, to provide the best data protection and availability for the Oracle Database. Stay tuned for future blog posts that dive into the many differences between storage remote-mirroring and Active Data Guard along the dimensions of data protection, data availability, cost, asset utilization and return on investment. For additional information on Active Data Guard, see: Active Data Guard Technical White Paper Active Data Guard vs Storage Remote-Mirroring Active Data Guard Home Page on the Oracle Technology Network

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  • Getting molly-guard to work with sudo

    - by 0xC0000022L
    The program molly-guard is a brilliant little tool which will prompt you for a piece of information before you reboot or shut down a system. Usually it asks for the hostname. So when you work a lot via SSH, you won't end up taking down the wrong server, just because you were in the wrong tab or window. Now, this works all fine when you say reboot on the command line while you are already root. However, it won't work if you do sudo reboot (i.e. it won't even ask). How can I get it to work with sudo as well? System: Raspbian (latest, including updates), package molly-guard version 0.4.5-1.

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  • How to avoid locking key-guard in windows-mobile

    - by Solitaire
    Hi, Can any one please help me, How to avoid key-guard lock programmatically in windows mobile. i have an application in that after certain minutes key-guard gets lock. i don't want mobile to get locked when my application is running. please suggest me how to do programmatically.. Thanks Grabit

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  • Problem with include guard

    - by isurulucky
    When I add an include guard to my header file for a Visual C++ project, it gives me the following warning and error: warning C4603: '_MAPTEST_H' : macro is not defined or definition is different after precompiled header use Add macro to precompiled header instead of defining here .\MapTest.cpp(6) : use of precompiled header** // the precompiled header stdafx.h is included in this line .\MapTest.cpp(186) : fatal error C1020: unexpected #endif but when I add the precompiled header before the include guard, no warning or error is emitted. What is the reason for this?

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  • How to guard against memory leaks?

    - by just_wes
    I was recently interviewing for a C++ position, and I was asked how I guard against creating memory leaks. I know I didn't give a satisfactory answer to that question, so I'm throwing it to you guys. What are the best ways to guard against memory leaks? Thanks!

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  • Oracle 11g Data Guard over a WAN

    - by Dave LeJeune
    Hi - We are in process of looking at using Oracle's Data Guard to replicate our 11g instance from a colo facility in Washington DC to Chicago. To give some basics we have approximately 25TB of storage and a healthy transaction rate in the 1-2K/sec range. Also, because we are processing data in real-time we have a 24x7x365 requirement for processing data. We don't have any respites as far as volume except for system upgrades (once every few months) where we take the system offline but then course experience a spike in transactions when we bring the system back on-line. Ideally we would want the second instance in the DG configuration semi-online in a read-only fashion for reports/etc. We evaluated DG in 10g and were not overly impressed and research seemed to show that earlier versions had issues with replication over a WAN but I have heard good things about modifications the product has gone through w/ 11g. Can anyone confirm an instance of this size and transaction rate being replicated over a WAN and if so what is the general latency? An information or experiences with a DG implementation that is of this size and scope would really be helpful (or larger - I also realize we are still relatively small compared to many others out there). Many thanks in advance.

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  • Oracle Database 11g Underground Advice for Database Administrators, by April C. Sims

    - by alejandro.vargas
    Recently I received a request to review the book "Oracle Database 11g Underground Advice for Database Administrators" by April C. Sims I was happy to have the opportunity know some details about the author, she is an active contributor to the Oracle DBA community, through her blog "Oracle High Availability" . The book is a serious and interesting work, I think it provides a good study and reference guide for DBA's that want to understand and implement highly available environments. She starts walking over the more general aspects and skills required by a DBA and then goes on explaining the steps required to implement Data Guard, using RMAN, upgrading to 11g, etc.

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  • To SYNC or not to SYNC – Part 4

    - by AshishRay
    This is Part 4 of a multi-part blog article where we are discussing various aspects of setting up Data Guard synchronous redo transport (SYNC). In Part 1 of this article, I debunked the myth that Data Guard SYNC is similar to a two-phase commit operation. In Part 2, I discussed the various ways that network latency may or may not impact a Data Guard SYNC configuration. In Part 3, I talked in details regarding why Data Guard SYNC is a good thing, and the distance implications you have to keep in mind. In this final article of the series, I will talk about how you can nicely complement Data Guard SYNC with the ability to failover in seconds. Wait - Did I Say “Seconds”? Did I just say that some customers do Data Guard failover in seconds? Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus. Data Guard has an automatic failover capability, aptly called Fast-Start Failover. Initially available with Oracle Database 10g Release 2 for Data Guard SYNC transport mode (and enhanced in Oracle Database 11g to support Data Guard ASYNC transport mode), this capability, managed by Data Guard Broker, lets your Data Guard configuration automatically failover to a designated standby database. Yes, this means no human intervention is required to do the failover. This process is controlled by a low footprint Data Guard Broker client called Observer, which makes sure that the primary database and the designated standby database are behaving like good kids. If something bad were to happen to the primary database, the Observer, after a configurable threshold period, tells that standby, “Your time has come, you are the chosen one!” The standby dutifully follows the Observer directives by assuming the role of the new primary database. The DBA or the Sys Admin doesn’t need to be involved. And - in case you are following this discussion very closely, and are wondering … “Hmmm … what if the old primary is not really dead, but just network isolated from the Observer or the standby - won’t this lead to a split-brain situation?” The answer is No - It Doesn’t. With respect to why-it-doesn’t, I am sure there are some smart DBAs in the audience who can explain the technical reasons. Otherwise - that will be the material for a future blog post. So - this combination of SYNC and Fast-Start Failover is the nirvana of lights-out, integrated HA and DR, as practiced by some of our advanced customers. They have observed failover times (with no data loss) ranging from single-digit seconds to tens of seconds. With this, they support operations in industry verticals such as manufacturing, retail, telecom, Internet, etc. that have the most demanding availability requirements. One of our leading customers with massive cloud deployment initiatives tells us that they know about server failures only after Data Guard has automatically completed the failover process and the app is back up and running! Needless to mention, Data Guard Broker has the integration hooks for interfaces such as JDBC and OCI, or even for custom apps, to ensure the application gets automatically rerouted to the new primary database after the database level failover completes. Net Net? To sum up this multi-part blog article, Data Guard with SYNC redo transport mode, plus Fast-Start Failover, gives you the ideal triple-combo - that is, it gives you the assurance that for critical outages, you can failover your Oracle databases: very fast without human intervention, and without losing any data. In short, it takes the element of risk out of critical IT operations. It does require you to be more careful with your network and systems planning, but as far as HA is concerned, the benefits outweigh the investment costs. So, this is what we in the MAA Development Team believe in. What do you think? How has your deployment experience been? We look forward to hearing from you!

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  • VMware vSwitches and Dell PowerConnect BPDU guard

    - by dunxd
    I am using two Dell PowerConnect 6248 switches to connect a VMware host vSwitch. A discussion of config of Cisco switches for use with VMware advises to set physical ports connected to vSwitch with bpduguard and portfast. However, Dell switches don't have the bpduguard setting for individual ports. I can switch it off globally for all portfast ports, but I don't think I want to do that. Should I: Disable STP on the vSwitch connected ports? Leave STP on and enable portfast on the ports, and forget about bpduguard? Disable bpduguard on all portfast ports via global config Do something else? See also: VMware vSwitches and spanning tree

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  • La préversion de Visual Guard 5 disponible sur demande, l'outil de sécurisation et de gestion des rôles sortira officiellement le 30 juin

    La préversion de Visual Guard 5 disponible sur demande L'outil de sécurisation et de gestion des rôles sortira le 30 juin C'est officiel, Visual Guard 5 sortira le 30 juin 2012. Pour son éditeur, Novalys, il s'agit d'une version majeure qui doit « améliorer la facilité d'implémentation de l'outil dans des environnements hétérogènes ». Pour mémoire, Visual Guard (VG) est une solution modulaire flexible, « tout en un » (sic) qui propose de combiner authentification et permissions des utilisateurs (console d'administration centralisée, gestion des permissions et des rôles utilisateurs sans écrire de code, console web pour auditer les applis, etc.) La version 5 p...

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  • C++ Header Guard issues

    - by JP
    I am making a small C++ framework, which contains many .h and .cpp. I have created a general include which include all my .h file such as: framework.h #include "A.h" #include "B.h" #include "C.h" each .h header are protected with include guard such as #ifndef A_HEADER #define A_HEADER ... #endif The issues is, I would like to be able to include "framework.h" inside all the sub .h such as, but it cause lots of compiler error: #ifndef A_HEADER #define A_HEADER #include "framework.h" ... #endif If instead I use the real header file for each sub header, and the framework.h for what ever use my framework it works fine.. I would just like to include the main header inside all my sub .h so I dont need to include all the dependency everytime. Thanks :)

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  • How to prepopulate an Outlook MailItem and avoiding a com Exception from the object model guard

    - by torrente
    Hi, I work for a company that develops a CRM tool and offers integration with MS Office(2003 & 2007) from windows XP to 7. (I'm working using Win7) My task is to call an Outlook instance (using C#) from this CRM tool when the user wants to send an email and prepopulate with data of the CRM tool (email, recipient, etc..) All of this already works just fine. The problem I'm having is that Outlook's "object model guard" is throwing com Exception (Operation aborted (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80004004 (E_ABORT))) the moment I try to read a protected value from the mailItem (such as mail.bodyHTML). Example Snippet: using MSOutlook = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Outlook; //untrusted Instance _outlook = new MSOutlook.Application(); MSOutlook.MailItem mail = (MSOutlook.MailItem)_outlook.CreateItem(MSOutlook.OlItemType.olMailItem); //this where the Exception occurs string outlookStdHTMLBody = mail.HTMLBody; I've done quite a bit of reading and know that my Outlook Instance (derived by using new Application) is considered untrusted and therefore the "omg" kicks in. I do have a workaround for development: I'm running VS2010 as Administrator and if I run Outlook as Administrator as well - all is good. I suppose this is due to them having the same integrity levels(high) and the UAC(?) is not complaining. But that just ain't the way to go for deployment. Now the question is: Is there a way to obtain a trusted instance of Outlook so that I can avoid this exception? I've already read that when developing an Office Add-In using VSTO one can obtain a trusted Instance from the OnComplete event and/or using "ThisAddin" But I "merely" want to start an outlook instance and preopulate it, and do not want to develop an Add-In since this is not the requirement. And to make it clear - I have no problem with pop ups informing the user that outlook is being accessed - I just want to get rid of the exception! So how can I get around this problem using code? Any help is highly appreciated! Thomas

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  • New Year's Resolution: Highest Availability at the Lowest Cost

    - by margaret.hamburger(at)oracle.com
    Don't miss this Webcast: Achieve 24/7 Cloud Availability Without Expensive Redundancy Event Date: 01/11/2011 10:00 AM Pacific Standard Time You'll learn how Oracle's Maximum Availability Architecture and Oracle Database 11g help you: Achieve the highest availability at the lowest cost Protect your systems from unplanned downtime Eliminate idle redundancy Register Now! var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ssl." : "http://www."); document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); try { var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-13185312-1"); pageTracker._trackPageview(); } catch(err) {}

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  • Spork doesnt reload code

    - by there-is-no-spoon
    I am using following gems and ruby-1.9.3-p194: rails 3.2.3 rspec-rails 2.9.0 spork 1.0.0rc2 guard-spork 0.6.1 Full list of used gems is available in this Gemfile.lock or Gemfile. And I am using this configuration files: Guardfile .rspec spec_helper.rb factories.rb If I modify any model (or custom validator in app/validators etc) reloading code doesnt works. I mean when I run specs (hit Enter on guard console) Spork contain "old code" and I got obsolete error messages. But when I manually restart Guard and Spork (CTRC-C CTRL-d guard) everything works fine. But it is getting tired after few times. Questions: Can somebody look at my config files please and fix error which block updating code. Or maybe this is an issue of newest Rails version? PS This problem repeats and repeats over some projects (and on some NOT). But I haven't figured out yet why this is happens. PS2 Perhaps this problem is something to do with ActiveAdmin? When I change file in app/admin code is reloaded.

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  • Errno::EACCES: Permission denied - ./tmp/rspec_guard_result

    - by Evgeniy Gatsalov
    Trying settup rspec-guard-spork for learning app from http://ruby.railstutorial.org/ Using Ruby 2.0, Rails 4.0 on Windows7 ( I know :( ) When starting guard, get: 23:02:51 - ERROR - Guard::RSpec failed to achieve its <run_on_modifications>, exception was: > [#] Errno::EACCES: Permission denied - ./tmp/rspec_guard_result ... All gemfile, guardfile etc are edited according tutorial. Except 1) deleting win32console gem from gemfile because it turned console-out into a crap and raised an error. Permissions for a file is "F"(ull) for all cattegories: D:\WebDevelop\sample_appcacls tmp\rspec_guard_result D:\WebDevelop\sample_app\tmp\rspec_guard_result BUILTIN\Users:(ID)F NT AUTHORITY\Authenticated:(ID)F BUILTIN\Administrators:(ID)F NT AUTHORITY\system:(ID)F What additional info should I provide here?

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  • Getting exc_bad_access error only when mallocguard is enabled

    - by Nareshkumar
    I have an app for iPhone in development which works properly when the Malloc guard is not enabled. However when i try to enable the malloc guard i get the following error after the app is loaded. #0 0x95f65684 in objc_msgSend () #1 0x30506515 in NSPopAutoreleasePool () #2 0x30901697 in _UIApplicationHandleEvent () #3 0x32046375 in PurpleEventCallback () #4 0x30245560 in CFRunLoopRunSpecific () #5 0x30244628 in CFRunLoopRunInMode () #6 0x308f930d in -[UIApplication _run] () #7 0x309021ee in UIApplicationMain () Now my problem is that i am not able to debug the exact location where its getting the error.. have tried malloc_error_break but didnt work out. Is it that malloc guard enabling auto releases some of the objects based on allocation??

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  • Header Guard Issues - Getting Swallowed Alive

    - by gjnave
    I'm totally at wit's end: I can't figure out how my dependency issues. I've read countless posts and blogs and reworked my code so many times that I can't even remember what almost worked and what didnt. I continually get not only redefinition errors, but class not defined errors. I rework the header guards and remove some errors simply to find others. I somehow got everything down to one error but then even that got broke while trying to fix it. Would you please help me figure out the problem? card.cpp #include <iostream> #include <cctype> #include "card.h" using namespace std; // ====DECL====== Card::Card() { abilities = 0; flavorText = 0; keywords = 0; artifact = 0; classType = new char[strlen("Card") + 1]; classType = "Card"; } Card::~Card (){ delete name; delete abilities; delete flavorText; artifact = NULL; } // ------------ Card::Card(const Card & to_copy) { name = new char[strlen(to_copy.name) +1]; // creating dynamic array strcpy(to_copy.name, name); type = to_copy.type; color = to_copy.color; manaCost = to_copy.manaCost; abilities = new char[strlen(to_copy.abilities) +1]; strcpy(abilities, to_copy.abilities); flavorText = new char[strlen(to_copy.flavorText) +1]; strcpy(flavorText, to_copy.flavorText); keywords = new char[strlen(to_copy.keywords) +1]; strcpy(keywords, to_copy.keywords); inPlay = to_copy.inPlay; tapped = to_copy.tapped; enchanted = to_copy.enchanted; cursed = to_copy.cursed; if (to_copy.type != ARTIFACT) artifact = to_copy.artifact; } // ====DECL===== int Card::equipArtifact(Artifact* to_equip){ artifact = to_equip; } Artifact * Card::unequipArtifact(Card * unequip_from){ Artifact * to_remove = artifact; artifact = NULL; return to_remove; // put card in hand or in graveyard } int Card::enchant( Card * to_enchant){ to_enchant->enchanted = true; cout << "enchanted" << endl; } int Card::disenchant( Card * to_disenchant){ to_disenchant->enchanted = false; cout << "Enchantment Removed" << endl; } // ========DECL===== Spell::Spell() { currPower = basePower; currToughness = baseToughness; classType = new char[strlen("Spell") + 1]; classType = "Spell"; } Spell::~Spell(){} // --------------- Spell::Spell(const Spell & to_copy){ currPower = to_copy.currPower; basePower = to_copy.basePower; currToughness = to_copy.currToughness; baseToughness = to_copy.baseToughness; } // ========= int Spell::attack( Spell *& blocker ){ blocker->currToughness -= currPower; currToughness -= blocker->currToughness; } //========== int Spell::counter (Spell *& to_counter){ cout << to_counter->name << " was countered by " << name << endl; } // ============ int Spell::heal (Spell *& to_heal, int amountOfHealth){ to_heal->currToughness += amountOfHealth; } // ------- Creature::Creature(){ summoningSick = true; } // =====DECL====== Land::Land(){ color = NON; classType = new char[strlen("Land") + 1]; classType = "Land"; } // ------ int Land::generateMana(int mana){ // ... // } card.h #ifndef CARD_H #define CARD_H #include <cctype> #include <iostream> #include "conception.h" class Artifact; class Spell; class Card : public Conception { public: Card(); Card(const Card &); ~Card(); protected: char* name; enum CardType { INSTANT, CREATURE, LAND, ENCHANTMENT, ARTIFACT, PLANESWALKER}; enum CardColor { WHITE, BLUE, BLACK, RED, GREEN, NON }; CardType type; CardColor color; int manaCost; char* abilities; char* flavorText; char* keywords; bool inPlay; bool tapped; bool cursed; bool enchanted; Artifact* artifact; virtual int enchant( Card * ); virtual int disenchant (Card * ); virtual int equipArtifact( Artifact* ); virtual Artifact* unequipArtifact(Card * ); }; // ------------ class Spell: public Card { public: Spell(); ~Spell(); Spell(const Spell &); protected: virtual int heal( Spell *&, int ); virtual int attack( Spell *& ); virtual int counter( Spell*& ); int currToughness; int baseToughness; int currPower; int basePower; }; class Land: public Card { public: Land(); ~Land(); protected: virtual int generateMana(int); }; class Forest: public Land { public: Forest(); ~Forest(); protected: int generateMana(); }; class Creature: public Spell { public: Creature(); ~Creature(); protected: bool summoningSick; }; class Sorcery: public Spell { public: Sorcery(); ~Sorcery(); protected: }; #endif conception.h -- this is an "uber class" from which everything derives class Conception{ public: Conception(); ~Conception(); protected: char* classType; }; conception.cpp Conception::Conception{ Conception(){ classType = new char[11]; char = "Conception"; } game.cpp -- this is an incomplete class as of this code #include <iostream> #include <cctype> #include "game.h" #include "player.h" Battlefield::Battlefield(){ card = 0; } Battlefield::~Battlefield(){ delete card; } Battlefield::Battlefield(const Battlefield & to_copy){ } // =========== /* class Game(){ public: Game(); ~Game(); protected: Player** player; // for multiple players Battlefield* root; // for battlefield getPlayerMove(); // ask player what to do addToBattlefield(); removeFromBattlefield(); sendAttack(); } */ #endif game.h #ifndef GAME_H #define GAME_H #include "list.h" class CardList(); class Battlefield : CardList{ public: Battlefield(); ~Battlefield(); protected: Card* card; // make an array }; class Game : Conception{ public: Game(); ~Game(); protected: Player** player; // for multiple players Battlefield* root; // for battlefield getPlayerMove(); // ask player what to do addToBattlefield(); removeFromBattlefield(); sendAttack(); Battlefield* field; }; list.cpp #include <iostream> #include <cctype> #include "list.h" // ========== LinkedList::LinkedList(){ root = new Node; classType = new char[strlen("LinkedList") + 1]; classType = "LinkedList"; }; LinkedList::~LinkedList(){ delete root; } LinkedList::LinkedList(const LinkedList & obj) { // code to copy } // --------- // ========= int LinkedList::delete_all(Node* root){ if (root = 0) return 0; delete_all(root->next); root = 0; } int LinkedList::add( Conception*& is){ if (root == 0){ root = new Node; root->next = 0; } else { Node * curr = root; root = new Node; root->next=curr; root->it = is; } } int LinkedList::remove(Node * root, Node * prev, Conception* is){ if (root = 0) return -1; if (root->it == is){ root->next = root->next; return 0; } remove(root->next, root, is); return 0; } Conception* LinkedList::find(Node*& root, const Conception* is, Conception* holder = NULL) { if (root==0) return NULL; if (root->it == is){ return root-> it; } holder = find(root->next, is); return holder; } Node* LinkedList::goForward(Node * root){ if (root==0) return root; if (root->next == 0) return root; else return root->next; } // ============ Node* LinkedList::goBackward(Node * root){ root = root->prev; } list.h #ifndef LIST_H #define LIST_H #include <iostream> #include "conception.h" class Node : public Conception { public: Node() : next(0), prev(0), it(0) { it = 0; classType = new char[strlen("Node") + 1]; classType = "Node"; }; ~Node(){ delete it; delete next; delete prev; } Node* next; Node* prev; Conception* it; // generic object }; // ---------------------- class LinkedList : public Conception { public: LinkedList(); ~LinkedList(); LinkedList(const LinkedList&); friend bool operator== (Conception& thing_1, Conception& thing_2 ); protected: virtual int delete_all(Node*); virtual int add( Conception*& ); // virtual Conception* find(Node *&, const Conception*, Conception* ); // virtual int remove( Node *, Node *, Conception* ); // removes question with keyword int display_all(node*& ); virtual Node* goForward(Node *); virtual Node* goBackward(Node *); Node* root; // write copy constrcutor }; // ============= class CircularLinkedList : public LinkedList { public: // CircularLinkedList(); // ~CircularLinkedList(); // CircularLinkedList(const CircularLinkedList &); }; class DoubleLinkedList : public LinkedList { public: // DoubleLinkedList(); // ~DoubleLinkedList(); // DoubleLinkedList(const DoubleLinkedList &); protected: }; // END OF LIST Hierarchy #endif player.cpp #include <iostream> #include "player.h" #include "list.h" using namespace std; Library::Library(){ root = 0; } Library::~Library(){ delete card; } // ====DECL========= Player::~Player(){ delete fname; delete lname; delete deck; } Wizard::~Wizard(){ delete mana; delete rootL; delete rootH; } // =====Player====== void Player::changeName(const char[] first, const char[] last){ char* backup1 = new char[strlen(fname) + 1]; strcpy(backup1, fname); char* backup2 = new char[strlen(lname) + 1]; strcpy(backup1, lname); if (first != NULL){ fname = new char[strlen(first) +1]; strcpy(fname, first); } if (last != NULL){ lname = new char[strlen(last) +1]; strcpy(lname, last); } return 0; } // ========== void Player::seeStats(Stats*& to_put){ to_put->wins = stats->wins; to_put->losses = stats->losses; to_put->winRatio = stats->winRatio; } // ---------- void Player::displayDeck(const LinkedList* deck){ } // ================ void CardList::findCard(Node* root, int id, NodeCard*& is){ if (root == NULL) return; if (root->it.id == id){ copyCard(root->it, is); return; } else findCard(root->next, id, is); } // -------- void CardList::deleteAll(Node* root){ if (root == NULL) return; deleteAll(root->next); root->next = NULL; } // --------- void CardList::removeCard(Node* root, int id){ if (root == NULL) return; if (root->id = id){ root->prev->next = root->next; // the prev link of root, looks back to next of prev node, and sets to where root next is pointing } return; } // --------- void CardList::addCard(Card* to_add){ if (!root){ root = new Node; root->next = NULL; root->prev = NULL; root->it = &to_add; return; } else { Node* original = root; root = new Node; root->next = original; root->prev = NULL; original->prev = root; } } // ----------- void CardList::displayAll(Node*& root){ if (root == NULL) return; cout << "Card Name: " << root->it.cardName; cout << " || Type: " << root->it.type << endl; cout << " --------------- " << endl; if (root->classType == "Spell"){ cout << "Base Power: " << root->it.basePower; cout << " || Current Power: " << root->it.currPower << endl; cout << "Base Toughness: " << root->it.baseToughness; cout << " || Current Toughness: " << root->it.currToughness << endl; } cout << "Card Type: " << root->it.currPower; cout << " || Card Color: " << root->it.color << endl; cout << "Mana Cost" << root->it.manaCost << endl; cout << "Keywords: " << root->it.keywords << endl; cout << "Flavor Text: " << root->it.flavorText << endl; cout << " ----- Class Type: " << root->it.classType << " || ID: " << root->it.id << " ----- " << endl; cout << " ******************************************" << endl; cout << endl; // ------- void CardList::copyCard(const Card& to_get, Card& put_to){ put_to.type = to_get.type; put_to.color = to_get.color; put_to.manaCost = to_get.manaCost; put_to.inPlay = to_get.inPlay; put_to.tapped = to_get.tapped; put_to.class = to_get.class; put_to.id = to_get.id; put_to.enchanted = to_get.enchanted; put_to.artifact = to_get.artifact; put_to.class = to_get.class; put.to.abilities = new char[strlen(to_get.abilities) +1]; strcpy(put_to.abilities, to_get.abilities); put.to.keywords = new char[strlen(to_get.keywords) +1]; strcpy(put_to.keywords, to_get.keywords); put.to.flavorText = new char[strlen(to_get.flavorText) +1]; strcpy(put_to.flavorText, to_get.flavorText); if (to_get.class = "Spell"){ put_to.baseToughness = to_get.baseToughness; put_to.basePower = to_get.basePower; put_to.currToughness = to_get.currToughness; put_to.currPower = to_get.currPower; } } // ---------- player.h #ifndef player.h #define player.h #include "list.h" // ============ class CardList() : public LinkedList(){ public: CardList(); ~CardList(); protected: virtual void findCard(Card&); virtual void addCard(Card* ); virtual void removeCard(Node* root, int id); virtual void deleteAll(); virtual void displayAll(); virtual void copyCard(const Conception*, Node*&); Node* root; } // --------- class Library() : public CardList(){ public: Library(); ~Library(); protected: Card* card; int numCards; findCard(Card&); // get Card and fill empty template } // ----------- class Deck() : public CardList(){ public: Deck(); ~Deck(); protected: enum deckColor { WHITE, BLUE, BLACK, RED, GREEN, MIXED }; char* deckName; } // =============== class Mana(int amount) : public Conception { public: Mana() : displayTotal(0), classType(0) { displayTotal = 0; classType = new char[strlen("Mana") + 1]; classType = "Mana"; }; protected: int accrued; void add(); void remove(); int displayTotal(); } inline Mana::add(){ accrued += 1; } inline Mana::remove(){ accrued -= 1; } inline Mana::displayTotal(){ return accrued; } // ================ class Stats() : public Conception { public: friend class Player; friend class Game; Stats() : wins(0), losses(0), winRatio(0) { wins = 0; losses = 0; if ( (wins + losses != 0) winRatio = wins / (wins + losses); else winRatio = 0; classType = new char[strlen("Stats") + 1]; classType = "Stats"; } protected: int wins; int losses; float winRatio; void int getStats(Stats*& ); } // ================== class Player() : public Conception{ public: Player() : wins(0), losses(0), winRatio(0) { fname = NULL; lname = NULL; stats = NULL; CardList = NULL; classType = new char[strlen("Player") + 1]; classType = "Player"; }; ~Player(); Player(const Player & obj); protected: // member variables char* fname; char* lname; Stats stats; // holds previous game statistics CardList* deck[]; // hold multiple decks that player might use - put ll in this private: // member functions void changeName(const char[], const char[]); void shuffleDeck(int); void seeStats(Stats*& ); void displayDeck(int); chooseDeck(); } // -------------------- class Wizard(Card) : public Player(){ public: Wizard() : { mana = NULL; rootL = NULL; rootH = NULL}; ~Wizard(); protected: playCard(const Card &); removeCard(Card &); attackWithCard(Card &); enchantWithCard(Card &); disenchantWithCard(Card &); healWithCard(Card &); equipWithCard(Card &); Mana* mana[]; Library* rootL; // Library Library* rootH; // Hand } #endif

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  • refactoring my code. My headers (Header Guard Issues)

    - by numerical25
    I had a post similar to this awhile ago based on a error I was getting. I was able to fix it but since then I been having trouble doing things because headers keep blocking other headers from using code. Honestly, these headers are confusing me and if anyone has any resources that will address these types of issues, that will be helpful. What I essentially want to do is be able to have rModel.h be included inside RenderEngine.h. every time I add rModel.h to RenderEngine.h, rModel.h is no longer able to use RenderEngine.h. (rModel.h has a #include of RenderEngine.h as well). So in a nutshell, RenderEngine and rModel need to use each others functionalities. On top of all this confusion, the Main.cpp needs to use RenderEngine. stdafx.h #include "targetver.h" #define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN // Exclude rarely-used stuff from Windows headers // Windows Header Files: #include <windows.h> // C RunTime Header Files #include <stdlib.h> #include <malloc.h> #include <memory.h> #include <tchar.h> #include "resource.h" main.cpp #include "stdafx.h" #include "RenderEngine.h" #include "rModel.h" // Global Variables: RenderEngine go; rModel *g_pModel; ...code........... rModel.h #ifndef _MODEL_H #define _MODEL_H #include "stdafx.h" #include <vector> #include <string> #include "rTri.h" #include "RenderEngine.h" ........Code RenderEngine.h #pragma once #include "stdafx.h" #include "d3d10.h" #include "d3dx10.h" #include "dinput.h" #include "rModel.h" .......Code......

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  • Problem with hadoop start-dfs.sh

    - by user288501
    I installed and configured hadoop on my Ubuntu 14.04 server, virtualized inside of hyper-v, however I am getting an issue when i run start-dfs.sh root@sUbuntu01:/var/log# start-dfs.sh 14/06/04 15:27:08 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable Starting namenodes on [OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM warning: You have loaded library /usr/local/hadoop/lib/native/libhadoop.so.1.0.0 which might have disabled stack guard. The VM will try to fix the stack guard now. It's highly recommended that you fix the library with 'execstack -c <libfile>', or link it with '-z noexecstack'. localhost] sed: -e expression #1, char 6: unknown option to `s' -c: Unknown cipher type 'cd' localhost: Ubuntu 14.04 LTS localhost: starting namenode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-namenode-sUbuntu01.out noexecstack'.: ssh: Could not resolve hostname noexecstack'.: Name or service not known '-z: ssh: Could not resolve hostname '-z: Name or service not known 'execstack: ssh: Could not resolve hostname 'execstack: Name or service not known disabled: ssh: Could not resolve hostname disabled: Name or service not known with: ssh: Could not resolve hostname with: Name or service not known have: ssh: Could not resolve hostname have: Name or service not known VM: ssh: Could not resolve hostname vm: Name or service not known stack: ssh: Could not resolve hostname stack: Name or service not known guard: ssh: Could not resolve hostname guard: Name or service not known fix: ssh: Could not resolve hostname fix: Name or service not known VM: ssh: Could not resolve hostname vm: Name or service not known the: ssh: Could not resolve hostname the: Name or service not known to: ssh: Could not resolve hostname to: Name or service not known warning:: ssh: Could not resolve hostname warning:: Name or service not known it: ssh: Could not resolve hostname it: Name or service not known now.: ssh: Could not resolve hostname now.: Name or service not known library: ssh: Could not resolve hostname library: Name or service not known will: ssh: Could not resolve hostname will: Name or service not known link: ssh: Could not resolve hostname link: Name or service not known or: ssh: Could not resolve hostname or: Name or service not known It's: ssh: Could not resolve hostname it's: Name or service not known <libfile>',: ssh: Could not resolve hostname <libfile>',: Name or service not known which: ssh: connect to host which port 22: Connection timed out have: ssh: connect to host have port 22: Connection timed out you: ssh: connect to host you port 22: Connection timed out try: ssh: connect to host try port 22: Connection timed out the: ssh: connect to host the port 22: Connection timed out highly: ssh: connect to host highly port 22: Connection timed out might: ssh: connect to host might port 22: Connection timed out loaded: ssh: connect to host loaded port 22: Connection timed out You: ssh: connect to host you port 22: Connection timed out guard.: ssh: connect to host guard. port 22: Connection timed out library: ssh: connect to host library port 22: Connection timed out Server: ssh: connect to host server port 22: Connection timed out fix: ssh: connect to host fix port 22: Connection timed out The: ssh: connect to host the port 22: Connection timed out recommended: ssh: connect to host recommended port 22: Connection timed out that: ssh: connect to host that port 22: Connection timed out stack: ssh: connect to host stack port 22: Connection timed out OpenJDK: ssh: connect to host openjdk port 22: Connection timed out 64-Bit: ssh: connect to host 64-bit port 22: Connection timed out with: ssh: connect to host with port 22: Connection timed out localhost: Ubuntu 14.04 LTS localhost: starting datanode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-sUbuntu01.out localhost: OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM warning: You have loaded library /usr/local/hadoop/lib/native/libhadoop.so.1.0.0 which might have disabled stack guard. The VM will try to fix the stack guard now. localhost: It's highly recommended that you fix the library with 'execstack -c <libfile>', or link it with '-z noexecstack'. Starting secondary namenodes [OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM warning: You have loaded library /usr/local/hadoop/lib/native/libhadoop.so.1.0.0 which might have disabled stack guard. The VM will try to fix the stack guard now. It's highly recommended that you fix the library with 'execstack -c <libfile>', or link it with '-z noexecstack'. 0.0.0.0] sed: -e expression #1, char 6: unknown option to `s' warning:: ssh: Could not resolve hostname warning:: Name or service not known -c: Unknown cipher type 'cd' It's: ssh: Could not resolve hostname it's: Name or service not known 'execstack: ssh: Could not resolve hostname 'execstack: Name or service not known '-z: ssh: Could not resolve hostname '-z: Name or service not known 0.0.0.0: Ubuntu 14.04 LTS 0.0.0.0: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /usr/local/hadoop/logs/hadoop-root-secondarynamenode-sUbuntu01.out 0.0.0.0: OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM warning: You have loaded library /usr/local/hadoop/lib/native/libhadoop.so.1.0.0 which might have disabled stack guard. The VM will try to fix the stack guard now. 0.0.0.0: It's highly recommended that you fix the library with 'execstack -c <libfile>', or link it with '-z noexecstack'. noexecstack'.: ssh: Could not resolve hostname noexecstack'.: Name or service not known <libfile>',: ssh: Could not resolve hostname <libfile>',: Name or service not known link: ssh: Could not resolve hostname link: No address associated with hostname it: ssh: Could not resolve hostname it: No address associated with hostname to: ssh: connect to host to port 22: Connection timed out or: ssh: connect to host or port 22: Connection timed out you: ssh: connect to host you port 22: Connection timed out guard.: ssh: connect to host guard. port 22: Connection timed out VM: ssh: connect to host vm port 22: Connection timed out stack: ssh: connect to host stack port 22: Connection timed out library: ssh: connect to host library port 22: Connection timed out Server: ssh: connect to host server port 22: Connection timed out might: ssh: connect to host might port 22: Connection timed out stack: ssh: connect to host stack port 22: Connection timed out You: ssh: connect to host you port 22: Connection timed out now.: ssh: connect to host now. port 22: Connection timed out disabled: ssh: connect to host disabled port 22: Connection timed out have: ssh: connect to host have port 22: Connection timed out will: ssh: connect to host will port 22: Connection timed out The: ssh: connect to host the port 22: Connection timed out have: ssh: connect to host have port 22: Connection timed out try: ssh: connect to host try port 22: Connection timed out the: ssh: connect to host the port 22: Connection timed out guard: ssh: connect to host guard port 22: Connection timed out the: ssh: connect to host the port 22: Connection timed out recommended: ssh: connect to host recommended port 22: Connection timed out with: ssh: connect to host with port 22: Connection timed out library: ssh: connect to host library port 22: Connection timed out 64-Bit: ssh: connect to host 64-bit port 22: Connection timed out fix: ssh: connect to host fix port 22: Connection timed out which: ssh: connect to host which port 22: Connection timed out VM: ssh: connect to host vm port 22: Connection timed out OpenJDK: ssh: connect to host openjdk port 22: Connection timed out fix: ssh: connect to host fix port 22: Connection timed out highly: ssh: connect to host highly port 22: Connection timed out that: ssh: connect to host that port 22: Connection timed out with: ssh: connect to host with port 22: Connection timed out loaded: ssh: connect to host loaded port 22: Connection timed out 14/06/04 15:36:02 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable Any advice?

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  • To SYNC or not to SYNC – Part 3

    - by AshishRay
    I can't believe it has been almost a year since my last blog post. I know, that's an absolute no-no in the blogosphere. And I know that "I have been busy" is not a good excuse. So - without trying to come up with an excuse - let me state this - my apologies for taking such a long time to write the next Part. Without further ado, here goes. This is Part 3 of a multi-part blog article where we are discussing various aspects of setting up Data Guard synchronous redo transport (SYNC). In Part 1 of this article, I debunked the myth that Data Guard SYNC is similar to a two-phase commit operation. In Part 2, I discussed the various ways that network latency may or may not impact a Data Guard SYNC configuration. In this article, I will talk in details regarding why Data Guard SYNC is a good thing. I will also talk about distance implications for setting up such a configuration. So, Why Good? Why is Data Guard SYNC a good thing? Because, at the end of the day, this gives you the assurance of zero data loss - it doesn’t matter what outage may befall your primary system. Befall! Boy, that sounds theatrical. But seriously - think about this - it minimizes your data risks. That’s a big deal. Whether you have an outage due to bad disks, faulty hardware components, hardware / software bugs, physical data corruptions, power failures, lightning that takes out significant part of your data center, fire that melts your assets, water leakage from the cooling system, human errors such as accidental deletion of online redo log files - it doesn’t matter - you can have that “Om - peace” look on your face and then you can failover to the standby system, without losing a single bit of data in your Oracle database. You will be a hero, as shown in this not so imaginary conversation: IT Manager: Well, what’s the status? You: John is doing the trace analysis on the storage array. IT Manager: So? How long is that gonna take? You: Well, he is stuck, waiting for a response from <insert your not-so-favorite storage vendor here>. IT Manager: So, no root cause yet? You: I told you, he is stuck. We have escalated with their Support, but you know how long these things take. IT Manager: Darn it - the site is down! You: Not really … IT Manager: What do you mean? You: John is stuck, but Sreeni has already done a failover to the Data Guard standby. IT Manager: Whoa, whoa - wait! Failover means we lost some data, why did you do this without letting the Business group know? You: We didn’t lose any data. Remember, we had set up Data Guard with SYNC? So now, any problems on the production – we just failover. No data loss, and we are up and running in minutes. The Business guys don’t need to know. IT Manager: Wow! Are we great or what!! You: I guess … Ok, so you get it - SYNC is good. But as my dear friend Larry Carpenter says, “TANSTAAFL”, or "There ain't no such thing as a free lunch". Yes, of course - investing in Data Guard SYNC means that you have to invest in a low-latency network, you have to monitor your applications and database especially in peak load conditions, and you cannot under-provision your standby systems. But all these are good and necessary things, if you are supporting mission-critical apps that are supposed to be running 24x7. The peace of mind that this investment will give you is priceless, especially if you are serious about HA. How Far Can We Go? Someone may say at this point - well, I can’t use Data Guard SYNC over my coast-to-coast deployment. Most likely - true. So how far can you go? Well, we have customers who have deployed Data Guard SYNC over 300+ miles! Does this mean that you can also deploy over similar distances? Duh - no! I am going to say something here that most IT managers don’t like to hear - “It depends!” It depends on your application design, application response time / throughput requirements, network topology, etc. However, because of the optimal way we do SYNC, customers have been able to stretch Data Guard SYNC deployments over longer distances compared to traditional, storage-centric ways of doing this. The MAA Database 10.2 best practices paper Data Guard Redo Transport & Network Configuration, and Oracle Database 11.2 High Availability Best Practices Manual talk about some of these SYNC-related metrics. For example, a test deployment of Data Guard SYNC over 330 miles with 10ms latency showed an impact less than 5% for a busy OLTP application. Even if you can’t deploy Data Guard SYNC over your WAN distance, or if you already have an ASYNC standby located 1000-s of miles away, here’s another nifty way to boost your HA. Have a local standby, configured SYNC. How local is “local”? Again - it depends. One customer runs a local SYNC standby across the campus. Another customer runs it across 15 miles in another data center. Both of these customers are running Data Guard SYNC as their HA standard. If a localized outage affects their primary system, no problem! They have all the data available on the standby, to which they can failover. Very fast. In seconds. Wait - did I say “seconds”? Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus. But you have to wait till the next blog article to find out more. I assure you tho’ that this time you won’t have to wait for another year for this.

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  • Auto-needed classes?

    - by fsdfa
    Suppose I have a class A and a class B. The .h of A, needs the .h of B, and the .h of B needs the .h of A. (need = #include). All .h have the guards: #ifndef _classX_ #define _classX_ ... ... #endif But if I compile the .cpp of A, then when it includes the .h of B, the B class cannot include the .h of A class because the A class has already use the guard. How can i solve this?

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  • Is it reasonable to null guard every single dereferenced pointer?

    - by evadeflow
    At a new job, I've been getting flagged in code reviews for code like this: PowerManager::PowerManager(IMsgSender* msgSender) : msgSender_(msgSender) { } void PowerManager::SignalShutdown() { msgSender_->sendMsg("shutdown()"); } I'm told that last method should read: void PowerManager::SignalShutdown() { if (msgSender_) { msgSender_->sendMsg("shutdown()"); } } i.e., I must put a NULL guard around the msgSender_ variable, even though it is a private data member. It's difficult for me to restrain myself from using expletives to describe how I feel about this piece of 'wisdom'. When I ask for an explanation, I get a litany of horror stories about how some junior programmer, some-year, got confused about how a class was supposed to work and accidentally deleted a member he shouldn't have (and set it to NULL afterwards, apparently), and things blew up in the field right after a product release, and we've "learned the hard way, trust us" that it's better to just NULL check everything. To me, this feels like cargo cult programming, plain and simple. A few well-meaning colleagues are earnestly trying to help me 'get it' and see how this will help me write more robust code, but... I can't help feeling like they're the ones who don't get it. Is it reasonable for a coding standard to require that every single pointer dereferenced in a function be checked for NULL first—even private data members? (Note: To give some context, we make a consumer electronics device, not an air traffic control system or some other 'failure-equals-people-die' product.) EDIT: In the above example, the msgSender_ collaborator isn't optional. If it's ever NULL, it indicates a bug. The only reason it is passed into the constructor is so PowerManager can be tested with a mock IMsgSender subclass.

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  • Programming style: should you return early if a guard condition is not satisfied?

    - by John Topley
    One thing I've sometimes wondered is which is the better style out of the two shown below (if any)? Is it better to return immediately if a guard condition hasn't been satisfied, or should you only do the other stuff if the guard condition is satisfied? For the sake of argument, please assume that the guard condition is a simple test that returns a boolean, such as checking to see if an element is in a collection, rather than something that might affect the control flow by throwing an exception. // Style 1 public SomeType aMethod() { SomeType result = null; if (!guardCondition()) { return result; } doStuffToResult(result); doMoreStuffToResult(result); return result; } // Style 2 public SomeType aMethod() { SomeType result = null; if (guardCondition()) { doStuffToResult(result); doMoreStuffToResult(result); } return result; }

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  • Control statements in Haskell?

    - by Nathan
    I am just beginning Haskell, but from all the online tutorials I've found I can't seem to find if there is one accepted way to do a conditional control statement. I have seen if-else, guards, and pattern matching, but they all seem to accomplish the same thing. Is there one generally accepted/faster/more efficient way than the rest?

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