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Search found 45 results on 2 pages for 'squashfs'.

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• Can't boot in Ubuntu after windows upgrade

  - by VanceAnce

  After my lastest update for Ubuntu and Windows XP, I got a Grub error on booting the next day. ls lists the following (without () ): sd0 sd1, msdos sd2 sd5 sd6 When I tried to get into one with (sd0,xy)/ it doesn't detect system or unknown file system error. I tried to boot to a live session with a Knoppix live CD and found out that all data exists. I also tried to recover with TestDisk and it finds all systems. Here is the test disk result: Start End Size in sectors 1 * HPFS - NTFS 0 1 1 7079 254 63 113740137 2 E extended LBA 7080 0 1 12161 254 63 81642330 5 L HPFS - NTFS 7080 1 1 10266 254 63 51199092 [Schule] X extended 12031 30 1 12161 254 63 2102625 6 L Linux Swap 12031 31 33 12161 254 63 2102530 I've 1 winxp-home, 1x Ubuntu (ext3+swap) and 1 winxp prof and then I wrote on mbr with TestDisk but I always get the same errors with Grub. What should I do? I need both XP and Ubuntu. Help me please. more infos in answers below - sry for thos confusing style but im working on diff live system and browsers and have to reboot always the boot info script output is also down below maybe an advanced user can correct my fail posting - after i can solve my issuse i will register here thanx and pls help me with those weired issues ! as i still cant just comment my own answer or those on top i again has to put it here as a sepperate answer..... (or even edit - maybe an browser failur using the live cds ... cause this posti can edit) here the bootinfo script output - but the result is the same as with TestDisk ... but it looks worse - cause it also doesnt detect my old ubuntu ... but there wasnt a eares process or overwrite process visibile ending the last working session output: Boot Info Script 0.61 [1 April 2012] ============================= Boot Info Summary: =============================== = Syslinux MBR (4.04 and higher) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda. sda1: __________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows XP: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Windows XP Boot files: /boot.ini /ntldr /NTDETECT.COM sda2: __________________________________________ File system: Extended Partition Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: sda5: __________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows XP: NTFS Boot sector info: According to the info in the boot sector, sda5 starts at sector 63. Operating System: Windows XP Boot files: sda6: __________________________________________ File system: swap Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: ============================ Drive/Partition Info: ============================= Drive: sda _______________________________________ Disk /dev/sda: 100.0 GB, 100030242816 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 12161 cylinders, total 195371568 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sda1 * 63 113,740,199 113,740,137 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda2 113,740,200 195,382,529 81,642,330 f W95 Extended (LBA) /dev/sda5 113,740,263 164,939,354 51,199,092 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda6 193,280,000 195,382,529 2,102,530 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda2 ends after the last sector of /dev/sda /dev/sda6 ends after the last sector of /dev/sda "blkid" output: ____________________________________ Device UUID TYPE LABEL /dev/loop0 squashfs /dev/sda1 6596D86768011128 ntfs /dev/sda5 1300D3B7744EC141 ntfs Schule /dev/sda6 5b95f2a1-4145-43a5-ac51-41d7dd32b213 swap ================================ Mount points: ================================= Device Mount_Point Type Options /dev/loop0 /rofs squashfs (ro,noatime) /dev/sr0 /cdrom iso9660 (ro,noatime) ================================ sda1/boot.ini: ================================ [boot loader] timeout=30 default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS [operating systems] multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Microsoft Windows XP Home Edition" /fastdetect /NoExecute=OptOut multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(2)\WINDOWS="Microsoft Windows XP Professional" /fastdetect [spybotsd] timeout.old=30 the last part shows that i now use the windows boot loader so that i can acces at least one OS but shouldnt i also get acces to my ubuntu partitions with live-linux-cds ? or do i have to boot with grub to get to those files only ??

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• Lubuntu LiveCD disabling auto-mount.

  - by PxE Booter

  In cooperation with my IT teacher we want to boot all PC's in IT class with Lubuntu. I've successfully set up PXE server, but there is one thing that worries us. Harddrives shouldn't be accessible from booted Lubuntu(normal user only). Would adding to fstab something like: /dev/sda1 /Idk/What auto noauto work? I'd like to add that I can uncompress squashfs livecd filesystem. If no, what other solution is there, to block auto-mounting /dev/sda drive?

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• ISO booting with grub2 in Ubuntu on an Apple

  - by Robert Vila

  I have Ubuntu with grub2 installed in an Apple Macbook pro with dual boot (using rEFIt), and I would like to use grub2 to boot the LiveCD ISO image of a system based in Debian too (CrunchBang). The ISO image is saved in the same hard disk, same partition as Ubuntu. I can easily boot many other LiveCD ISO images, but I cannot boot this one, and I cannot boot the MacOS system, from the grub menu, either. The installation of Ubuntu left a couple of menu entries to boot MacOS, but they never worked. SO I don't know if it is possible to boot them, and how. I have tried many options, but the menuentry I am trying now to boot crunchBang is this one: menuentry "crunchbang-10-20120207-i386.iso" { set isofile="/home/user/Desktop/ISO/crunchbang-10-20120207-i386.iso" loopback loop (hd0,3)$isofile linux (loop)/live/vmlinuz1 iso-scan/filename=$isofile toram=filesystem.squashfs findiso=$isofile boot=live config -- initrd (loop)/live/initrd1.img } And I copied it from here: http://linux4netbook.blogspot.com.es/2012/08/due-crunchbang-e-un-pennino.html

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• Unable to install on a Samsung 305v5a

  - by Antony

  Have used Ubuntu for years now. Bought a Samsung 305v5a-so2 laptop yesterday. It runs an AMD A8 quadcore. I have a CD of 10.04 and as I am not clear about whether to install 32 or 64 bit I thought I would run the trial of ubuntu from the cd to see it. After about 30m started getting Authentification Failure messages. Squashfs-error Unable to read fragment cash entry Then a zillion Buffer Logical error messages like 17,000+ Should I go download 11.10, in 32bit or go and try the 64bit. Really don't want to screw the new laptop already but aint gonna wanna work with w7 either. Thanks for any help

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• 7-Zip - A Free alternative to other compression utilities

  - by TATWORTH

  At http://www.7-zip.org/download.html, there is a free alternative other compression utilities. It handles a wide variety of formats including RAR!Here is the description from its home page:License 7-Zip is open source software. Most of the source code is under the GNU LGPL license. The unRAR code is under a mixed license: GNU LGPL + unRAR restrictions. Check license information here: 7-Zip license. You can use 7-Zip on any computer, including a computer in a commercial organization. You don't need to register or pay for 7-Zip. The main features of 7-Zip High compression ratio in 7z format with LZMA and LZMA2 compressionSupported formats: Packing / unpacking: 7z, XZ, BZIP2, GZIP, TAR, ZIP and WIMUnpacking only: ARJ, CAB, CHM, CPIO, CramFS, DEB, DMG, FAT, HFS, ISO, LZH, LZMA, MBR, MSI, NSIS, NTFS, RAR, RPM, SquashFS, UDF, VHD, WIM, XAR and Z. For ZIP and GZIP formats, 7-Zip provides a compression ratio that is 2-10 % better than the ratio provided by PKZip and WinZipStrong AES-256 encryption in 7z and ZIP formatsSelf-extracting capability for 7z formatIntegration with Windows ShellPowerful File ManagerPowerful command line versionPlugin for FAR ManagerLocalizations for 79 languages

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• Is it possible to use the Raring install image as a package repo (like the old alternate CD)?

  - by jamadagni

  I use Kubuntu and recently upgraded to Raring directly from Precise. Until Precise, I always installed the OS using the alternate CD and not the desktop CD, because I could later on mount the image and use it as an offline package repo. For instance if I remove a package installed by the default installer and later I want to install it again, I can just install it from the ISO without needing to download it again. However, since Quantal the alternate CD no longer exists, so I am not sure how to set up the installed image as a local repo. I mean, doing find . -name "*.deb" inside the ISO tree after loopmounting it only shows a few packages like libc6 gcc and such and not the full set of packages that are actually installed -- I presume they are included in pre-installed form inside casper/filesystem.squashfs. Given this situation, is it or is it not possible to use the Raring install images as offline repos? If yes, how? Thank you!

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• No root file system is defined error after installation

  - by LearnCode

  I installed ubuntu through Wubi and once i rebooted I get no root file system defined error. here's the output of the boot_info_script.Could anyone point me out where the error is. Boot Info Script 0.60 from 17 May 2011 ============================= Boot Info Summary: =============================== => Windows is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda. => Windows is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdb. sda1: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7 Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Windows 7 Boot files: /bootmgr /Boot/BCD /Windows/System32/winload.exe /ntldr /ntdetect.com /wubildr /ubuntu/winboot/wubildr /wubildr.mbr /ubuntu/winboot/wubildr.mbr /ubuntu/disks/root.disk /ubuntu/disks/swap.disk sda1/Wubi: _____________________________________________________________________ File system: Boot sector type: Unknown Boot sector info: Mounting failed: mount: unknown filesystem type '' sda2: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: vfat Boot sector type: Unknown Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: /boot.ini /ntldr /NTDETECT.COM sdb1: __________________________________________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7 Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: ============================ Drive/Partition Info: ============================= Drive: sda _____________________________________________________________________ Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 240 heads, 63 sectors/track, 20673 cylinders, total 312581808 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sda1 * 63 301,250,879 301,250,817 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda2 301,250,943 312,575,759 11,324,817 c W95 FAT32 (LBA) GUID Partition Table detected, but does not seem to be used. Partition Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors System /dev/sda1 323,465,741,313,502,988275,962,973,585-323,465,465,350,529,402 - /dev/sda2 242,728,591,638,290,720578,721,383,108,845,578335,992,791,470,554,859 - /dev/sda3 1,827,498,311,425,204,2562,091,935,274,843,009,907264,436,963,417,805,652 - /dev/sda4 579,711,218,081,401,3572,006,665,459,744,645,1521,426,954,241,663,243,796 - /dev/sda11 270,286,346,402,038,1183,786,543,326,404,525,9543,516,256,980,002,487,837 - /dev/sda12 4,179,681,002,230,769,6684,179,389,374,010,033,387-291,628,220,736,280 - /dev/sda13 232,556,480,979,456,1311,160,152,593,793,119,235927,596,112,813,663,105 - /dev/sda14 98,342,784,050,266,9183,691,264,578,843,725,1953,592,921,794,793,458,278 - /dev/sda15 2,307,845,219,957,882,4961,850,841,032,955,276,350-457,004,187,002,606,145 - /dev/sda16 512,592,046,878,946,497368,458,231,024,779,444-144,133,815,854,167,052 - /dev/sda17 2,504,135,232,870,384,3923,665,087,872,719,320,8291,160,952,639,848,936,438 - /dev/sda18 3,783,181,605,270,691,304122,034,509,624,708,942-3,661,147,095,645,982,361 - /dev/sda19 3,519,661,520,275,829,5122,376,243,094,723,723,587-1,143,418,425,552,105,924 - /dev/sda20 3,867,920,076,859,0744,494,691,111,933,625,1044,490,823,191,856,766,031 - /dev/sda21 1,500,144,061,909,253,7612,511,182,033,846,676,3401,011,037,971,937,422,580 - /dev/sda22 13,035,625,499,900,0062,360,168,613,941,394,9472,347,132,988,441,494,942 - /dev/sda23 4,228,978,682,068,599,48813,159,423,631,648,263-4,215,819,258,436,951,224 - /dev/sda24 3,695,955,742,872,046,9084,561,928,726,501,845,776865,972,983,629,798,869 - /dev/sda25 1,297,460,286,683,948,0461,444,350,486,339,417,957146,890,199,655,469,912 - /dev/sda26 1,228,858,248,533,131,831 0-1,228,858,248,533,131,830 - /dev/sda121 3,189,184,846,146,487,1461,849,820,258,006,914,852-1,339,364,588,139,572,293 - /dev/sda122 1,226,215,547,991,800,578389,781,518,734,546,300-836,434,029,257,254,277 - /dev/sda123 3,851,660,168,574,583,4654,046,215,657,583,031,556194,555,489,008,448,092 - /dev/sda124 1,197,460,980,174,153,341699,103,965,005,093,246-498,357,015,169,060,094 - Drive: sdb _____________________________________________________________________ Disk /dev/sdb: 750.2 GB, 750153367552 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 91200 cylinders, total 1465143296 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sdb1 2,048 1,465,143,295 1,465,141,248 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS "blkid" output: ________________________________________________________________ Device UUID TYPE LABEL /dev/loop0 iso9660 Ubuntu 11.04 amd64 /dev/loop1 squashfs /dev/sda1 E814B55B14B52E06 ntfs /dev/sda2 01CD-023B vfat HP_RECOVERY /dev/sdb1 7836F22A36F1E8D0 ntfs Elements ================================ Mount points: ================================= Device Mount_Point Type Options /dev/loop0 /cdrom iso9660 (ro,noatime) /dev/loop1 /rofs squashfs (ro,noatime) /dev/sdb1 /mnt fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096) ================================ sda2/boot.ini: ================================ -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- [boot loader] timeout=0 default=C:\CMDCONS\BOOTSECT.DAT [operating systems] multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Microsoft Windows XP Professional" /fastdetect C:\CMDCONS\BOOTSECT.DAT="Microsoft Windows Recovery Console" /cmdcons -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ======================== Unknown MBRs/Boot Sectors/etc: ======================== Unknown GPT Partiton Type c104043000e9b9040dff24b580010100 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 46313020746f20737461727420746865 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 65727920706172746974696f6e207761 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 727920706172746974696f6e0d0a0000 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 000f84e5f7668b162404e82804744066 Unknown GPT Partiton Type ce01e8dc038bfe66391624047505e8d9 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 0345086603f0e881030bd2740333d240 Unknown GPT Partiton Type bece01e8db0287fec645041266895508 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 01f60634010175078b363b01e854f5e8 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 313825740ffec03865107408fec03824 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 02f60634014074088bfdbece01e85101 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 263401f9e894f30f858ef4e8e201e8ec Unknown GPT Partiton Type f7e960f35245434f5645525966606633 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 660faf1e00106603dac3668b0e001066 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 8bfd386d04740583c710e2f6c36660c6 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 04ebf132c0b91000f3aac3bf0c04ebf3 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 02662bc1660fb71e0e02662bc366031e Unknown GPT Partiton Type f4b40ebb0700b901003c08751381ff25 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 534f465448494e4b90653f62011b0100 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 0b050900027777772e68702e636f6d00 Unknown GPT Partiton Type d441a0f5030003000ecb744a08bb3746 Unknown GPT Partiton Type f8579a116b4a7aa931cde97a4b9b5c09 Unknown GPT Partiton Type 7229990415b77c0a1970e7e824237a3a Unknown GPT Partiton Type afb6e34d6b4bd8c7c0eada19a9786cc3 Unknown BootLoader on sda1/Wubi 00000000 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 |0000000000000000| * 00000200 Unknown BootLoader on sda2 00000000 e9 a7 00 52 45 43 4f 56 45 52 59 00 02 08 20 00 |...RECOVERY... .| 00000010 02 00 00 00 00 f8 00 00 3f 00 f0 00 7f b9 f4 11 |........?.......| 00000020 8c cd ac 00 1e 2b 00 00 00 00 00 00 02 00 00 00 |.....+..........| 00000030 01 00 06 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 |................| 00000040 80 00 29 3b 02 cd 01 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 |..);... | 00000050 20 20 46 41 54 33 32 20 20 20 8b d0 c1 e2 02 80 | FAT32 ......| 00000060 e6 01 66 c1 e8 07 66 3b 46 f8 74 2a 66 89 46 f8 |..f...f;F.t*f.F.| 00000070 66 03 46 f4 66 0f b6 5e 28 80 e3 0f 74 0f 3a 5e |f.F.f..^(...t.:^| 00000080 10 0f 83 90 00 66 0f af 5e 24 66 03 c3 bb e0 07 |.....f..^$f.....| 00000090 b9 01 00 e8 cf 00 8b da 66 8b 87 00 7e 66 25 ff |........f...~f%.| 000000a0 ff ff 0f 66 3d f8 ff ff 0f c3 33 c9 8e d9 8e c1 |...f=.....3.....| 000000b0 8e d1 66 bc f4 7b 00 00 bd 00 7c 66 0f b6 46 10 |..f..{....|f..F.| 000000c0 66 f7 66 24 66 0f b7 56 0e 66 03 56 1c 66 89 56 |f.f$f..V.f.V.f.V| 000000d0 f4 66 03 c2 66 89 46 fc 66 c7 46 f8 ff ff ff ff |.f..f.F.f.F.....| 000000e0 66 8b 46 2c 66 50 e8 af 00 bb 70 00 b9 01 00 e8 |f.F,fP....p.....| 000000f0 73 00 bf 00 07 b1 0b be a9 7d f3 a6 74 2a 03 f9 |s........}..t*..| 00000100 83 c7 15 81 ff 00 09 72 ec 66 40 4a 75 db 66 58 |[email protected]| 00000110 e8 47 ff 72 cf be b4 7d ac 84 c0 74 09 b4 0e bb |.G.r...}...t....| 00000120 07 00 cd 10 eb f2 cd 19 66 58 ff 75 09 ff 75 0f |........fX.u..u.| 00000130 66 58 bb 00 20 66 83 f8 02 72 da 66 3d f8 ff ff |fX.. f...r.f=...| 00000140 0f 73 d2 66 50 e8 50 00 0f b6 4e 0d e8 16 00 c1 |.s.fP.P...N.....| 00000150 e1 05 03 d9 66 58 53 e8 00 ff 5b 72 d8 8a 56 40 |....fXS...[r..V@| 00000160 ea 00 00 00 20 66 60 66 6a 00 66 50 53 6a 00 66 |.... f`fj.fPSj.f| 00000170 68 10 00 01 00 8b f4 b8 00 42 8a 56 40 cd 13 be |h........B.V@...| 00000180 c7 7d 72 94 67 83 44 24 06 20 66 67 ff 44 24 08 |.}r.g.D$. fg.D$.| 00000190 e2 e3 83 c4 10 66 61 c3 66 48 66 48 66 0f b6 56 |.....fa.fHfHf..V| 000001a0 0d 66 f7 e2 66 03 46 fc c3 4e 54 4c 44 52 20 20 |.f..f.F..NTLDR | 000001b0 20 20 20 20 0d 0a 4e 6f 20 53 79 73 74 65 6d 20 | ..No System | 000001c0 44 69 73 6b 20 6f 72 0d 0a 44 69 73 6b 20 49 2f |Disk or..Disk I/| 000001d0 4f 20 65 72 72 6f 72 0d 0a 50 72 65 73 73 20 61 |O error..Press a| 000001e0 20 6b 65 79 20 74 6f 20 72 65 73 74 61 72 74 0d | key to restart.| 000001f0 0a 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 aa |..............U.| 00000200 =============================== StdErr Messages: =============================== umount: /isodevice: device is busy. (In some cases useful info about processes that use the device is found by lsof(8) or fuser(1))

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• Compressed filesystem inside a file in Linux [migrated]

  - by Doc

  I have a flash drive which is FAT32 formatted. I want to put a linux filesystem on the drive inside a file. I know I can do this by creating a file and formatting is with ext3 (or any other file system) and then mounting it with the -o loop option. What I would like is that the above filesystem be compressed. Essentially something like a read-write squashfs. Is there something that exits that I can use? Additional bonus if the file can be stored as sparse, i.e. the file re-sizes as data is written or deleted.

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• FULL LIST Difference Edubuntu over Ubuntu

  - by Richard Kemp

  I have always used Edubuntu rather than Ubuntu because I have many children including home educated ones who casually use the education offerings. I appreciate many but not all of the extra offerings. I never got beyond 8.04.4 LTS, so am considering updating. I note now with Edubuntu 12.04 it is 2GB i.e.4 times bigger, even apparently using squashfs. I do now have to consider whether the extra resources are worth it in each computer in my household. I am sick of reading over and over again 'Edubuntu is Unbuntu with extras such as blah blah', and in a different place the same thing but with a different blah blah. I downloaded Edubuntu 12.04 and ran it 'live'. Can't say I got on at all with the Unity Interface (this can be changed when installed), but the apparent education stuff seemed quite small and pathetic, I am obviously not finding it. Is there anywhere a FULL LIST of what Edubuntu has pre-installed has over Ubuntu, so a sensible decision can be made whether to go for it, or just add packages that look relevant to me to Ubuntu. Is there truly no other difference between Unbuntu/Edubuntu but the extra educational packages? (I for example have no school server, but if I understood exactly what is involved, with the number of computers in the house, it may be worth creating one!) Please advise. Thank You.

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• How to customize the initrd embedded in or coming with the kernel image

  - by STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED

  I would like to add some tools and not just kernel modules into the initrd (initramfs-based). Now I'm aware of how to unpack and how to pack the initrd with cpio and have even written a hook for /etc/initramfs-tools/hooks in the past to integrate a third-party kernel module. However, while the available script libraries seem to be geared towards the integration of modules, none of them seems to be for integration of other entities (in particular programs and their dependencies). What options do I have to automate the integration of some useful tools for recovery into the initrd? I'm talking about the "rescue" system that the system drops into if it is unable to mount the root drive given to it by the boot loader. Please note that I don't want the SquashFS approach as is used for Live-CDs because for the issue at hand it will be by far sufficient to include some relatively small tools that aid in recovery of the system (when it gets stuck in initrd and can't boot further). Also, the machines when they run into the issue that we have had in the past tend to boot into the rescue system, but there a few tools are missing to kick the system back on trail ...

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• 12.04 upgrade broke grub? (not wubi related)

  - by kaare

  I just updated from 11.10 to 12.04, with no major problems (it took a while to get past a request to restart ssh, mysql and some other services, but I did no fiddling by myself, everything was done by the installer). However, after restarting, grub can't do anything. Picking the new linux installation (first entry), I just get error: no such partition error: no such partition error: no such partition and picking the recovery-version just gives 5 lines instead of 3. I have windows 7 installed on a different drive, and can run it by booting from that drive instead. Picking it from the grub menu gives the same error as above (can't remember how many lines, though). I'll be honest and say that I don't remember if win 7 could be booted from grub before the update, though. In short, nothing on the grub menu works. any solutions? The grub menu changed appearance - before it was on a purple background, small letters, now it's white-on-black, big letters, looking very basic. The original installation was from a usb-drive, and I hadn't heard about wubi until I started googling this problem, so I doubt there's any connection. I really hope there are some grub-savvy people out there :) EDIT: ok. so, I made a bootable usb, and am running from that right now. when I ran the bootinfoscript, it warned me that "gawk" could not be found, using "busybox awk" instead. This may lead to unreliable results. just so you know. The contents of RESULTS.txt are: Boot Info Script 0.61 [1 April 2012] ============================= Boot Info Summary: =============================== => Windows is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda. => Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdb and looks at sector 1 of the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks for (,msdos3)/boot/grub on this drive. => Syslinux MBR (4.04 and higher) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdc. sda1: __________________________________________ File system: vfat Boot sector type: Dell Utility: FAT16 Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: /DELLBIO.BIN /DELLRMK.BIN /COMMAND.COM sda2: __________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: sda3: __________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Windows 7 Boot files: /bootmgr /Boot/BCD /Windows/System32/winload.exe sda4: __________________________________________ File system: Extended Partition Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: sda5: __________________________________________ File system: vfat Boot sector type: Windows 7: FAT32 Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Windows XP Boot files: /boot.ini /bootmgr /ntldr /NTDETECT.COM sdb1: __________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows XP: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: sdb2: __________________________________________ File system: swap Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: sdb3: __________________________________________ File system: ext4 Boot sector type: Grub2 (v1.99) Boot sector info: Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the boot sector of sdb3 and looks at sector 375893584 of the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks for (,msdos3)/boot/grub on this drive. Operating System: Ubuntu 12.04 LTS Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab /boot/grub/core.img sdb4: __________________________________________ File system: ext4 Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: Operating System: Boot files: sdc1: __________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: SYSLINUX 4.06 4.06-pre1 Boot sector info: Syslinux looks at sector 4649656 of /dev/sdc1 for its second stage. SYSLINUX is installed in the directory. The integrity check of the ADV area failed. No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /syslinux/syslinux.cfg /ldlinux.sys ============================ Drive/Partition Info: ============================= Drive: sda _______________________________________ Disk /dev/sda: 250.1 GB, 250059350016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 30401 cylinders, total 488397168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sda1 63 240,974 240,912 de Dell Utility /dev/sda2 241,664 21,213,183 20,971,520 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda3 * 21,213,184 483,151,863 461,938,680 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sda4 483,151,872 488,394,751 5,242,880 f W95 Extended (LBA) /dev/sda5 483,153,920 488,394,751 5,240,832 dd Dell Media Direct Drive: sdb _______________________________________ Disk /dev/sdb: 250.1 GB, 250059350016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 30401 cylinders, total 488397168 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sdb1 63 345,886,749 345,886,687 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS /dev/sdb2 345,888,768 361,510,911 15,622,144 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sdb3 * 361,510,912 390,807,786 29,296,875 83 Linux /dev/sdb4 390,809,600 488,394,751 97,585,152 83 Linux Drive: sdc _______________________________________ Disk /dev/sdc: 8015 MB, 8015282176 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 974 cylinders, total 15654848 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sdc1 * 2,048 15,652,863 15,650,816 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS "blkid" output: ____________________________________ Device UUID TYPE LABEL /dev/loop0 squashfs /dev/sda1 07D8-0411 vfat DellUtility /dev/sda2 E2765BBC765B9061 ntfs RECOVERY /dev/sda3 98DC5E54DC5E2D2E ntfs OS /dev/sda5 7061-9DF5 vfat MEDIADIRECT /dev/sdb1 01CBBB4C3374C3B0 ntfs Data1 /dev/sdb2 1ca45f3f-f888-43d1-8137-02699597189a swap /dev/sdb3 6bc1b599-ad4b-403c-a155-a5bc81211f5e ext4 /dev/sdb4 58e2b257-8608-4b11-b20b-dc162bb80b62 ext4 /dev/sdc1 0C02B64402B63316 ntfs PENDRIVE ================================ Mount points: ================================= Device Mount_Point Type Options /dev/loop0 /rofs squashfs (ro,noatime) /dev/sdb4 /media/58e2b257-8608-4b11-b20b-dc162bb80b62 ext4 (rw,nosuid,nodev,uhelper=udisks) /dev/sdc1 /cdrom fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096) ================================ sda5/boot.ini: ================================ [boot loader] timeout=0 default=multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS [operating systems] multi(0)disk(0)rdisk(0)partition(1)\WINDOWS="Microsoft Windows XP Embedded" /fastdetect /KERNEL=NTOSBOOT.EXE /maxmem=1024 =========================== sdb3/boot/grub/grub.cfg: =========================== -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- # # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE # # It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates # from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub # ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ### if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then set have_grubenv=true load_env fi set default="0" if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}" save_env saved_entry set prev_saved_entry= save_env prev_saved_entry set boot_once=true fi function savedefault { if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then saved_entry="${chosen}" save_env saved_entry fi } function recordfail { set recordfail=1 if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi } function load_video { insmod vbe insmod vga insmod video_bochs insmod video_cirrus } insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd1,msdos3)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bc1b599-ad4b-403c-a155-a5bc81211f5e if loadfont /usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2 ; then set gfxmode=auto load_video insmod gfxterm insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd1,msdos3)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bc1b599-ad4b-403c-a155-a5bc81211f5e set locale_dir=($root)/boot/grub/locale set lang=en_US insmod gettext fi terminal_output gfxterm if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ]; then set timeout=-1 else set timeout=10 fi ### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### set menu_color_normal=white/black set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray if background_color 44,0,30; then clear fi ### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### function gfxmode { set gfxpayload="$1" if [ "$1" = "keep" ]; then set vt_handoff=vt.handoff=7 else set vt_handoff= fi } if [ ${recordfail} != 1 ]; then if [ -e ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt ]; then if hwmatch ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt 3; then if [ ${match} = 0 ]; then set linux_gfx_mode=keep else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi else set linux_gfx_mode=keep fi else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi export linux_gfx_mode if [ "$linux_gfx_mode" != "text" ]; then load_video; fi menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.2.0-24-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd1,msdos3)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bc1b599-ad4b-403c-a155-a5bc81211f5e linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-24-generic root=UUID=6bc1b599-ad4b-403c-a155-a5bc81211f5e ro quiet splash $vt_handoff initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-24-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.2.0-24-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd1,msdos3)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bc1b599-ad4b-403c-a155-a5bc81211f5e echo 'Loading Linux 3.2.0-24-generic ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-24-generic root=UUID=6bc1b599-ad4b-403c-a155-a5bc81211f5e ro recovery nomodeset echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-24-generic } submenu "Previous Linux versions" { menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.0.0-19-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd1,msdos3)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bc1b599-ad4b-403c-a155-a5bc81211f5e linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.0.0-19-generic root=UUID=6bc1b599-ad4b-403c-a155-a5bc81211f5e ro quiet splash $vt_handoff initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.0.0-19-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.0.0-19-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd1,msdos3)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bc1b599-ad4b-403c-a155-a5bc81211f5e echo 'Loading Linux 3.0.0-19-generic ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.0.0-19-generic root=UUID=6bc1b599-ad4b-403c-a155-a5bc81211f5e ro recovery nomodeset echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.0.0-19-generic } } ### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd1,msdos3)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bc1b599-ad4b-403c-a155-a5bc81211f5e linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin } menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd1,msdos3)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6bc1b599-ad4b-403c-a155-a5bc81211f5e linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin console=ttyS0,115200n8 } ### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### menuentry "Windows 7 (loader) (on /dev/sda3)" --class windows --class os { insmod part_msdos insmod ntfs set root='(hd0,msdos3)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 98DC5E54DC5E2D2E chainloader +1 } menuentry "Microsoft Windows XP Embedded (on /dev/sda5)" --class windows --class os { insmod part_msdos insmod fat set root='(hd0,msdos5)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 7061-9DF5 drivemap -s (hd0) ${root} chainloader +1 } ### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### # This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the # menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change # the 'exec tail' line above. ### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### if [ -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then source $prefix/custom.cfg; fi ### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### =============================== sdb3/etc/fstab: ================================ # /etc/fstab: static file system information. # # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5). # # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass> proc /proc proc nodev,noexec,nosuid 0 0 # / was on /dev/sdb3 during installation UUID=6bc1b599-ad4b-403c-a155-a5bc81211f5e / ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1 # /home was on /dev/sdb4 during installation UUID=58e2b257-8608-4b11-b20b-dc162bb80b62 /home ext4 defaults,user_xattr 0 2 # swap was on /dev/sdb2 during installation UUID=1ca45f3f-f888-43d1-8137-02699597189a none swap sw 0 0 =================== sdb3: Location of files loaded by Grub: ==================== GiB - GB File Fragment(s) = boot/grub/core.img 1 = boot/grub/grub.cfg 1 = boot/initrd.img-3.0.0-19-generic 2 = boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-24-generic 2 = boot/vmlinuz-3.0.0-19-generic 2 = boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-24-generic 1 = vmlinuz 1 = vmlinuz.old 2 =========================== sdc1/boot/grub/grub.cfg: =========================== if loadfont /boot/grub/font.pf2 ; then set gfxmode=auto insmod efi_gop insmod efi_uga insmod gfxterm terminal_output gfxterm fi set menu_color_normal=white/black set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray menuentry "Try Ubuntu without installing" { set gfxpayload=keep linux /casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper quiet splash -- initrd /casper/initrd.lz } menuentry "Install Ubuntu" { set gfxpayload=keep linux /casper/vmlinuz file=/cdrom/preseed/ubuntu.seed boot=casper only-ubiquity quiet splash -- initrd /casper/initrd.lz } menuentry "Check disc for defects" { set gfxpayload=keep linux /casper/vmlinuz boot=casper integrity-check quiet splash -- initrd /casper/initrd.lz } ========================= sdc1/syslinux/syslinux.cfg: ========================== # D-I config version 2.0 include menu.cfg default vesamenu.c32 prompt 0 timeout 50 # If you would like to use the new menu and be presented with the option to install or run from USB at startup, remove # from the following line. This line was commented out (by request of many) to allow the old menu to be presented and to enable booting straight into the Live Environment! # ui gfxboot bootlogo =================== sdc1: Location of files loaded by Grub: ==================== GiB - GB File Fragment(s) ?? = ?? boot/grub/grub.cfg 0 ================= sdc1: Location of files loaded by Syslinux: ================== GiB - GB File Fragment(s) ?? = ?? ldlinux.sys 1 ?? = ?? syslinux/chain.c32 1 ?? = ?? syslinux/gfxboot.c32 1 ?? = ?? syslinux/syslinux.cfg 0 ?? = ?? syslinux/vesamenu.c32 1 ============== sdc1: Version of COM32(R) files used by Syslinux: =============== syslinux/chain.c32 : COM32R module (v4.xx) syslinux/gfxboot.c32 : COM32R module (v4.xx) syslinux/vesamenu.c32 : COM32R module (v4.xx) =============================== StdErr Messages: =============================== xz: (stdin): Compressed data is corrupt xz: (stdin): Compressed data is corrupt awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in awk: cmd. line:36: Math support is not compiled in ./bootinfoscript: line 1646: [: 2.73495e+09: integer expression expected

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• No GRUB Screen or recovery mode on Boot after 12.04 Upgrade

  - by Nick

  I tried the live boot CD and boot-repair, also loaded the Desktop install CD, and it looks like all partitions check out OK. However, when I try to boot Linux (the only bootable partition on the computer) I get a blank screen. Every so often the screen give me something akin to: Assuming write through cache Asking for cache data failed it appears to start booting, then hangs. Ctrl+Alt+Delete shuts down the machine The last message during boot is "STarting TiMidity++ ALSA midi emulation... [OK]" I used boot-repair to generate a boot info report. One thing looks odd to me- it reports a missing core.img on /dev/sda1. Here is the full info: Boot Info Script 0.61.full + Boot-Repair extra info [Boot-Info August 2nd 2012] ============================= Boot Info Summary: =============================== = Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks at sector 1 of the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks for (,msdos1)/boot/grub on this drive. = Windows is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdb. sda1: __________________________________________ File system: ext4 Boot sector type: Grub2 (v1.99) Boot sector info: Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the boot sector of sda1 and looks at sector 18406911 of the same hard drive for core.img, but core.img can not be found at this location. Operating System: Ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab /boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf /boot/grub/core.img sda2: __________________________________________ File system: Extended Partition Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: sda5: __________________________________________ File system: swap Boot sector type: - Boot sector info: sdb1: __________________________________________ File system: ntfs Boot sector type: Windows XP: NTFS Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block. Operating System: Boot files: ============================ Drive/Partition Info: ============================= Drive: sda _______________________________________ Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders, total 312581808 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sda1 * 63 307,339,514 307,339,452 83 Linux /dev/sda2 307,339,515 312,576,704 5,237,190 5 Extended /dev/sda5 307,339,578 312,576,704 5,237,127 82 Linux swap / Solaris Drive: sdb _______________________________________ Disk /dev/sdb: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders, total 625142448 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System /dev/sdb1 2,048 625,142,447 625,140,400 7 NTFS / exFAT / HPFS "blkid" output: ____________________________________ Device UUID TYPE LABEL /dev/loop0 squashfs /dev/sda1 11b4d633-7863-40b2-a6ca-da5f82c3ad0b ext4 /dev/sda5 cb8d65f4-8cf9-4088-b804-e3dea2151033 swap /dev/sdb1 349E7C109E7BC8BE ntfs Personal1 ================================ Mount points: ================================= Device Mount_Point Type Options /dev/sdb1 /media/Personal1 fuseblk (rw,nosuid,nodev,allow_other,blksize=4096,default_permissions) /dev/sr0 /live/image iso9660 (ro,noatime) ...(a bunch of config file info- let me know if anyone wants to see it!) But usually I just get "Cannot Display This Video Mode", which I know means the video output is not usable by the monitor. I'm looking for a way to get into a recovery mode.I'd really like to avoid wiping the drive. Any thoughts?

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• WRTU54G-TM router with 3rd party firmware; Can custom firmware include stock binary portions?

  - by dlamblin

  I've been doing a lot of reading online about the Linksys WRTU54G-TM router model that I now own. It seems getting a custom firmware onto it is not a problem. But no one is talking about retaining the Voip features (yet). So far they're all disappointed that it's not a SIP machine and used GSM over IPSec. Personally I don't care about using it with non-t-mobile. If I take the original firmware, shouldn't I be able to extract it, and it's SquashFS image, and then move all of the t-mobile specific binaries for enabling the calling features over to a custom firmware installation (maybe OpenWRT)? You might ask why, and the reason is, that if I do this I could retain my calling features, which I do want, and ssh to the router and use it to run additional software, as any OpenWRT router could do. Does anyone know if this can be done, and how the firmware's binaries could be gotten at and installed correctly? Update I have found someone working on 3rd party WRTU54G-TM firmware. I am still interested in my second part of the questions, that is can't the stock firmware images be pulled apart and have the close-source, if any, binary kernel modules moved into another more flexible custom firmware?

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• WRTU54G-TM router with 3rd party firmware; Can custom firmware include stock binary portions?

  - by dlamblin

  I've been doing a lot of reading online about the Linksys WRTU54G-TM router model that I now own. It seems getting a custom firmware onto it is not a problem. But no one is talking about retaining the Voip features (yet). So far they're all disappointed that it's not a SIP machine and used GSM over IPSec. Personally I don't care about using it with non-t-mobile. If I take the original firmware, shouldn't I be able to extract it, and it's SquashFS image, and then move all of the t-mobile specific binaries for enabling the calling features over to a custom firmware installation (maybe OpenWRT)? You might ask why, and the reason is, that if I do this I could retain my calling features, which I do want, and ssh to the router and use it to run additional software, as any OpenWRT router could do. Does anyone know if this can be done, and how the firmware's binaries could be gotten at and installed correctly? Update I have found someone working on 3rd party WRTU54G-TM firmware. I am still interested in my second part of the questions, that is can't the stock firmware images be pulled apart and have the close-source, if any, binary kernel modules moved into another more flexible custom firmware?

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• Bootable GRUB partition

  - by MA1

  I have a customized live fedora 12 USB which is working fine. What i want to do is to make a partition of my hard disk bootable so that my customized fedora can be run from hard disk. To accomplish this i did the following steps: Created a primary partition(/dev/sda2) and format it as ext3 and set it as active. Copy all the files in the live usb to /dev/sda2. Following are the live usb contents(all directories): a. boot b. EFI c. LiveOS d. syslinux Then i installed the GRUB in boot/grub Created the grub.conf in boot/grub Following are the contents of each directory in the USB: syslinux/ boot.cat isolinux.bin splash.jpg vesamenu.c32 initrd0.img ldlinux.sys syslinux.cfg vmlinuz0 LiveOS/ livecd-iso-to-disk osmin.img squashfs.img EFI/ boot/ boot.conf grub.conf boot.efi bootia32.conf bootia32.efi splash.jpg splash.xpm.gz vesamenu.c32 initrd0.img isolinux.bin isolinux.cfg vmlinuz0 boot/grub/ core GRUB files grub.conf olpc.fth Following are contents of grub.conf default=0 splashimage=/EFI/boot/splash.xpm.gz timeout 2 hiddenmenu title funLinux kernel /EFI/boot/vmlinuz0 root=live:LABEL=myFun rootfstype=auto ro liveimg quiet ssb.blacklist=1 selinux=0 vga=normal nomodeset rhgb initrd /EFI/boot/initrd0.img Now when i try to boot from the hard disk it shows the grub menu and fedora starting to load but during loading it said No root device found Boot has failed, sleeping forever So, where is the problem? what i am doing wrong?

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• Random-access archive for Unix use

  - by tylerl

  I'm looking for a good format for archiving entire file-systems of old Linux computers. TAR.GZ The tar.gz format is great for archiving files with UNIX-style attributes, but since the compression is applied across the entire archive, the design precludes random-access. Instead, if you want to access a file at the end of the archive, you have to start at the beginning and decompress the whole file (which could be several hundred GB) up to the point where you find the entry you're looking for. ZIP Conversely, one selling point of the ZIP format is that it stores an index of the archive: filenames are stored separately with pointers to the location within the archive were to find the data. If I want to extract a file at the end, I look up the position of that file by name, seek to the location, and extract the data. However, it doesn't store file attributes such as ownership, permissions, symbolic links, etc. Other options? I've tried using squashfs, but it's not really designed for this purpose. The file format is not consistent between versions, and building the archive takes a lot of time and space. What other options might suit this purpose better?

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• How do I install on an UEFI Asus 1215b netbook?

  - by Tarek

  I'm trying to install Ubuntu 11.10 on a UEFI netbook Asus 1215b using an USB stick. I created a fat32 efi partition of 100MB, 2GB swap, and 2 ext4 partitions (for root (/ ) and /home, respectively). While installing, Ubuntu switches to CLI and starts running efibootmgr. After a few commands (sadly I don't have a screen grab), it stops displaying text but it's still running judging by the HDD led. Then, there's a weird graphic glitch and the screen turns off (HDD led still indicating activity). Finally, it just stops, but doesn't turn off. Not even a hard reboot works (holding down the power button a few secs). I have to plug the netbook off and remove the battery. After that, it still doesn't boot Ubuntu... Anyway, what can I do? I'm considering following the footsteps here and here. Edit: here is the syslog $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] BUG: unable to handle kernel paging request at 00000000ffe1867c $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] IP: [<ffff880066d44c1f>] 0xffff880066d44c1e $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] PGD 14ecc067 PUD 0 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] CPU 0 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] Modules linked in: cryptd aes_x86_64 ufs qnx4 hfsplus hfs minix ntfs msdos xfs reiserfs jfs bnep parport_pc rfcomm dm_crypt ppdev bluetooth lp parport joydev eeepc_wmi asus_wmi sparse_keymap uvcvideo videodev v4l2_compat_ioctl32 snd_hda_codec_realtek snd_seq_midi snd_hda_codec_hdmi snd_hda_intel snd_hda_codec arc4 snd_rawmidi snd_hwdep psmouse snd_pcm snd_seq_midi_event ath9k serio_raw sp5100_tco i2c_piix4 k10temp snd_seq mac80211 snd_timer ath9k_common ath9k_hw snd_seq_device ath snd cfg80211 soundcore snd_page_alloc binfmt_misc squashfs overlayfs nls_iso8859_1 nls_cp437 vfat fat dm_raid45 xor dm_mirror dm_region_hash dm_log btrfs zlib_deflate libcrc32c usb_storage uas radeon video ahci libahci ttm drm_kms_helper drm wmi i2c_algo_bit atl1c $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] Pid: 28432, comm: efibootmgr Not tainted 3.0.0-12-generic #20-Ubuntu ASUSTeK Computer INC. 1215B/1215B $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] RIP: 0010:[<ffff880066d44c1f>] [<ffff880066d44c1f>] 0xffff880066d44c1e $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] RSP: 0018:ffff88005e2cbab0 EFLAGS: 00010082 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] RAX: 00000000ffe1867c RBX: 0000000000000009 RCX: 00000000ffe1867c $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: ffff88005e2cbbea RDI: ffff88005e2cbb40 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] RBP: 00000000ffe1867c R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 0000000000000084 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] R10: ffffc9001101ff83 R11: ffffc90011018685 R12: 0000000000000001 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] R13: 0000000000000000 R14: ffffc9001101867c R15: ffff88005e2cbbe1 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] FS: 00007f9cdde13720(0000) GS:ffff880066a00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] CR2: 00000000ffe1867c CR3: 000000002dace000 CR4: 00000000000006f0 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] Process efibootmgr (pid: 28432, threadinfo ffff88005e2ca000, task ffff880014f0dc80) $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] Stack: $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] ffffc90011010000 ffff88005e2cbac8 0000000000010000 ffff880066d4401d $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] 000000000000007c ffff880009e84400 0000000000000090 ffff880066d45738 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] ffffc9001101867c ffff880066d4331c 0000000000000009 ffffc9001101867b $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] Call Trace: $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff815e9efe>] ? _raw_spin_lock+0xe/0x20 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff811d9c2d>] ? open+0x10d/0x1b0 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff8116554b>] ? __dentry_open+0x2bb/0x320 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff811d9b20>] ? bin_vma_open+0x70/0x70 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff815e9efe>] ? _raw_spin_lock+0xe/0x20 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff811849ee>] ? vfsmount_lock_local_unlock+0x1e/0x30 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff8104303b>] ? efi_call5+0x4b/0x80 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff81042a7f>] ? virt_efi_set_variable+0x2f/0x40 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff814bb125>] ? efivar_create+0x1e5/0x280 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff811d9d63>] ? write+0x93/0x190 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff811d9de4>] ? write+0x114/0x190 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff81167813>] ? vfs_write+0xb3/0x180 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff81167b3a>] ? sys_write+0x4a/0x90 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] [<ffffffff815f22c2>] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] Code: ec 01 75 f0 41 bc 01 00 00 00 e8 e5 fb ff ff e8 e4 fc ff ff 33 c0 44 0f b7 c0 66 3b c3 73 20 41 0f b7 c0 41 0f b7 d0 03 c5 8b c8 <8a> 00 42 38 04 3a 75 0a 66 45 03 c4 66 44 3b c3 72 e2 33 c0 66 $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] RIP [<ffff880066d44c1f>] 0xffff880066d44c1e $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] RSP <ffff88005e2cbab0> $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] CR2: 00000000ffe1867c $Oct 21 01:05:17 ubuntu kernel: [ 1220.544009] ---[ end trace 493844b002da4787 ]---

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• Unable to boot: Missing Operating system

  - by Vivek S Panicker

  i had installed Ubuntu 11.10 along with the another Ubuntu 11.10 which already installed in my netbook. Later I formatted the partition I newly installed. Next time when I boot it went to Grub Rescue menu. I boot my system again with Ubuntu USB stick, Then I installed Boot repair package in USB and restored MBR and GRUB menu in hard disk. Now when I am restarting, I am getting a message Missing operating system, press any key to continue. Can somebody help me on this? Below is the output for sudo fdisk -l omitting empty partition (7) Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders, total 312581808 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00058a60 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 204072287 102035120 83 Linux /dev/sda2 204072958 312580095 54253569 5 Extended /dev/sda5 310507520 312580095 1036288 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda6 308432896 310503423 1035264 82 Linux swap / Solaris Partition table entries are not in disk order Disk /dev/sdb: 4006 MB, 4006608896 bytes 124 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1017 cylinders, total 7825408 sectors Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0004d3df Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 * 62 7818695 3909317 b W95 FAT32 Below is the output for sudo blkid /dev/loop0: TYPE="squashfs" /dev/loop1: LABEL="casper-rw" UUID="533defb1-f073-254a-b46f-7ca0ac1f4e0c" TYPE="ext2" /dev/sda1: LABEL="Ubuntu" UUID="6a141040-3ba8-457a-9de5-ad06e6057084" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sda5: UUID="3a7f62d6-9c65-4d12-a3b6-5d62b9710f7d" TYPE="swap" /dev/sda6: UUID="274da115-cec2-4418-a1af-88fe921e3670" TYPE="swap" /dev/sdb1: LABEL="PENDRIVE" UUID="EC22-6BE4" TYPE="vfat" File /boot/grub/grub.cfg # # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE # # It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates # from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub # ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ### if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then set have_grubenv=true load_env fi set default="0" if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}" save_env saved_entry set prev_saved_entry= save_env prev_saved_entry set boot_once=true fi function savedefault { if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then saved_entry="${chosen}" save_env saved_entry fi } function recordfail { set recordfail=1 if [ -n "${have_grubenv}" ]; then if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi } function load_video { insmod vbe insmod vga insmod video_bochs insmod video_cirrus } insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6a141040-3ba8-457a-9de5-ad06e6057084 if loadfont /usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2 ; then set gfxmode=auto load_video insmod gfxterm insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6a141040-3ba8-457a-9de5-ad06e6057084 set locale_dir=($root)/boot/grub/locale set lang=en_US insmod gettext fi terminal_output gfxterm if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ]; then set timeout=10 else set timeout=10 fi ### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### set menu_color_normal=white/black set menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray if background_color 44,0,30; then clear fi ### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### if [ ${recordfail} != 1 ]; then if [ -e ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt ]; then if hwmatch ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt 3; then if [ ${match} = 0 ]; then set linux_gfx_mode=keep else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi else set linux_gfx_mode=keep fi else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi export linux_gfx_mode if [ "$linux_gfx_mode" != "text" ]; then load_video; fi menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.0.0-12-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail set gfxpayload=$linux_gfx_mode insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6a141040-3ba8-457a-9de5-ad06e6057084 linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.0.0-12-generic root=UUID=6a141040-3ba8-457a-9de5-ad06e6057084 ro quiet splash vt.handoff=7 initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.0.0-12-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.0.0-12-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os { recordfail insmod gzio insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6a141040-3ba8-457a-9de5-ad06e6057084 echo 'Loading Linux 3.0.0-12-generic ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.0.0-12-generic root=UUID=6a141040-3ba8-457a-9de5-ad06e6057084 ro recovery nomodeset echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...' initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.0.0-12-generic } ### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6a141040-3ba8-457a-9de5-ad06e6057084 linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin } menuentry "Memory test (memtest86+, serial console 115200)" { insmod part_msdos insmod ext2 set root='(hd0,msdos1)' search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root 6a141040-3ba8-457a-9de5-ad06e6057084 linux16 /boot/memtest86+.bin console=ttyS0,115200n8 } ### END /etc/grub.d/20_memtest86+ ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### ### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### # This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the # menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change # the 'exec tail' line above. ### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ### ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### if [ -f $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then source $prefix/custom.cfg; fi ### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###

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• how to adjust the size of the root partition on live arch linux system (/dev/mapper/arch_root-image)

  - by leon

  Summary: I created a bootable usb drive with a live Bridge linux (ARCH based) on it. Everything works fine. The live system mounts a device called /dev/mapper/arch_root-image as its ext4 root partition (/ mount point). The problem is that I dont know how to control the size of this partition. This is not a Bridge specific issue (also happens with Archbang) Detail: My usb drive has a dos partition table with 2 ext2 partitions $ fdisk -l /dev/sdb Disk /dev/sdb: 29,8 GiB, 32006733824 bytes, 62513152 sectors Unités : secteur de 1 × 512 = 512 octets Taille de secteur (logique / physique) : 512 octets / 512 octets taille d'E/S (minimale / optimale) : 512 octets / 512 octets Type d'étiquette de disque : dos Identifiant de disque : 0x0007b7e2 Périphérique Amorçage Début Fin Blocs Id Système /dev/sdb1 * 2048 2002943 1000448 83 Linux /dev/sdb2 2002944 32258047 15127552 83 Linux sdb1 is approx 1GB and sdb2 is 14GB. The live system is on sdb1. sdb2 is empty. Now when I boot the live system, its filesystem looks like this: $ mount proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) sys on /sys type sysfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) dev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=505272k,nr_inodes=126318,mode=755) run on /run type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,mode=755) /dev/sda1 on /run/archiso/bootmnt type ext2 (ro,relatime) cowspace on /run/archiso/cowspace type tmpfs (rw,relatime,size=772468k,mode=755) /dev/loop0 on /run/archiso/sfs/root-image type squashfs (ro,relatime) /dev/mapper/arch_root-image on / type ext4 (rw,relatime) securityfs on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000) tmpfs on /sys/fs/cgroup type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,mode=755) cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,xattr,release_agent=/usr/lib/systemd/systemd-cgroups-agent,name=systemd) pstore on /sys/fs/pstore type pstore (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime) cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpuset) cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpuacct,cpu) cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/memory type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,memory) cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/devices type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,devices) cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,freezer) cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,net_cls) cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup/blkio type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,blkio) mqueue on /dev/mqueue type mqueue (rw,relatime) debugfs on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw,relatime) hugetlbfs on /dev/hugepages type hugetlbfs (rw,relatime) configfs on /sys/kernel/config type configfs (rw,relatime) systemd-1 on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type autofs (rw,relatime,fd=36,pgrp=1,timeout=300,minproto=5,maxproto=5,direct) tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw) tmpfs on /etc/pacman.d/gnupg type tmpfs (rw,relatime,mode=755) As we can see, the root partition is from the device /dev/mapper/arch_root-image and my problem is that the live system recognizes it as a 3.9GB drive $ df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/arch_root-image 3.9G 1.9G 2.1G 48% / dev 494M 0 494M 0% /dev run 503M 23M 481M 5% /run /dev/sda1 962M 590M 324M 65% /run/archiso/bootmnt cowspace 755M 32M 723M 5% /run/archiso/cowspace /dev/loop0 520M 520M 0 100% /run/archiso/sfs/root-image tmpfs 503M 132K 503M 1% /dev/shm tmpfs 503M 0 503M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup tmpfs 503M 360K 503M 1% /tmp tmpfs 503M 896K 503M 1% /etc/pacman.d/gnupg My question is how is this size controled? I suspect this is related to the content of the aitab file which is part of the Bridge iso image: $ cat aitab # <img> <mnt> <arch> <sfs_comp> <fs_type> <fs_size> root-image / i686 xz ext4 50% I have read https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/archiso#aitab but found no clue

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• Build and migrated to software raid (mdadm) on GPT disk, now can't assemble array

  - by John H

  mdadm, gpt issues, unrecognized partitions. Simplified question: How do I get mdadm to recognize GPT partitions? I have been attempting to convert/copy my Ubuntu 11.10 OS from a single drive to software raid 1. I have done similar in the past, but in this case, I was adding in a drive that has been configured for GPT and I tried to work with that without fully looking into the implications. Currently, I have a non-booting mdadm RAID 1 array of /dev/md127 (the OS assigned that and it keeps picking up). I am booting off of live USB keys, currently System Rescue CD from sysresccd. While gdisk and parted can see all the partitions, most of the OS utilities do not, including mdadm. My main goal is just to make the raid array accessible so I can get pull the data and start fresh (without using GPT). /dev/md127 /dev/sda /dev/sda1 <- GPT type partition /dev/sda1 <- exists within the GPT part, member of md127 /dev/sda2 <- exists within the GPT part, empty /dev/sdb /dev/sdb1 <- GPT type partition /dev/sdb1 <- exists within the GPT part, member of md127 History: POINT A: The original OS was install on sda (actually /dev/sda6). I used a the Ubuntu live usb to add sdb. I got warning from fdisk about GPT so I used gdisk to create a raid partition (sdb1) and mdadm to create a raid1 mirror with a missing drive. I had many issues getting this working (including being unable to get grub to install) but I eventually got it to boot using grub on sda and /dev/md127 off of sdb. So at point A, I had copied my OS from sda6 to md127 on sdb. I then booted into a rescue mode and attempted to get a bootloader onto sdb, which failed. I then discovered my mistake: I had installed the raid onto sdb instead of sdb1, essentially overwriting the sdb1 partition. POINT B: I now had two copies of my data- one on md127/sdb, and one on sda. I destroyed data on sda and created a new GPT table on sda. I then created sda1 for the raid array, and sda2 for a scratch partition. I added sda1 into the raid array and let it rebuild. md127 now covered /dev/sdb and /dev/sda1 as fully active and synced. POINT C: I rebooted onto linux rescue again and was still able to access the raid array. I then removed /dev/sdb from the array and created /dev/sdb1 for the raid. I added sdb1 to the array and let it sync. I was able to mount and access /dev/md127 without issues. Once it completed, both /dev/sda1 and /dev/sdb1 were GPT partitions and actively syncing. POINT D (current): I rebooted again to test if the array would boot and grub failed to load. I booted off of my live thumb drive and found that I can no longer assemble the raid array. mdadm doesn't see the required partitions. -- root@freshdesk /root % uname -a Linux freshdesk 3.0.24-std251-amd64 #2 SMP Sat Mar 17 12:08:55 UTC 2012 x86_64 AMD Athlon(tm) II X4 645 Processor AuthenticAMD GNU/Linux === /proc/partitions and parted look good: root@freshdesk /root % cat /proc/partitions major minor #blocks name 7 0 301788 loop0 8 0 976762584 sda 8 1 732579840 sda1 8 2 244181703 sda2 8 16 732574584 sdb 8 17 732573543 sdb1 8 32 7876607 sdc 8 33 7873349 sdc1 (parted) print all Model: ATA ST31000528AS (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 1000GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1049kB 750GB 750GB ext4 2 750GB 1000GB 250GB Linux/Windows data Model: ATA SAMSUNG HD753LJ (scsi) Disk /dev/sdb: 750GB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1049kB 750GB 750GB ext4 Linux RAID raid Model: SanDisk SanDisk Cruzer (scsi) Disk /dev/sdc: 8066MB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: msdos Number Start End Size Type File system Flags 1 31.7kB 8062MB 8062MB primary fat32 boot, lba === # no sda2, and I double the sdb1 is the one shown in parted root@freshdesk /root % blkid /dev/loop0: TYPE="squashfs" /dev/sda1: UUID="75dd6c2d-f0a8-4302-9da4-792cc7d72355" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sdc1: LABEL="PENDRIVE" UUID="1102-3720" TYPE="vfat" /dev/sdb1: UUID="2dd89f15-65bb-ff88-e368-bf24bd0fce41" TYPE="linux_raid_member" root@freshdesk /root % mdadm -E /dev/sda1 mdadm: No md superblock detected on /dev/sda1. # this is probably a result of me attempting to force the array up, putting superblocks on the GPT partition root@freshdesk /root % mdadm -E /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb1: Magic : a92b4efc Version : 0.90.00 UUID : 2dd89f15:65bbff88:e368bf24:bd0fce41 Creation Time : Fri Mar 30 19:25:30 2012 Raid Level : raid1 Used Dev Size : 732568320 (698.63 GiB 750.15 GB) Array Size : 732568320 (698.63 GiB 750.15 GB) Raid Devices : 2 Total Devices : 2 Preferred Minor : 127 Update Time : Sat Mar 31 12:39:38 2012 State : clean Active Devices : 1 Working Devices : 2 Failed Devices : 1 Spare Devices : 1 Checksum : a7d038b3 - correct Events : 20195 Number Major Minor RaidDevice State this 2 8 17 2 spare /dev/sdb1 0 0 8 1 0 active sync /dev/sda1 1 1 0 0 1 faulty removed 2 2 8 17 2 spare /dev/sdb1 === root@freshdesk /root % mdadm -A /dev/md127 /dev/sda1 /dev/sdb1 mdadm: no recogniseable superblock on /dev/sda1 mdadm: /dev/sda1 has no superblock - assembly aborted root@freshdesk /root % mdadm -A /dev/md127 /dev/sdb1 mdadm: cannot open device /dev/sdb1: Device or resource busy mdadm: /dev/sdb1 has no superblock - assembly aborted

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