Search Results

Search found 168 results on 7 pages for 'strcmp'.

Page 2/7 | < Previous Page | 1 2 3 4 5 6 7  | Next Page >

  • a program similar to ls with some modifications

    - by Bond
    Hi, here is a simple puzzle I wanted to discuss. A C program to take directory name as command line argument and print last 3 directories and 3 files in all subdirectories without using api 'system' inside it. suppose directory bond0 contains bond1, di2, bond3, bond4, bond5 and my_file1, my_file2, my_file3, my_file4, my_file5, my_file6 and bond1 contains bond6 my_file7 my_file8 my_file9 my_file10 program should output - bond3, bond4, bond5, my_file4, my_file5, my_file6, bond6, my_file8, my_file9, my_file10 My code for the above problem is here #include<dirent.h> #include<unistd.h> #include<string.h> #include<sys/stat.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<stdio.h> char *directs[20], *files[20]; int i = 0; int j = 0; int count = 0; void printdir(char *); int count_dirs(char *); int count_files(char *); int main() { char startdir[20]; printf("Scanning user directories\n"); scanf("%s", startdir); printdir(startdir); } void printdir(char *dir) { printf("printdir called %d directory is %s\n", ++count, dir); DIR *dp = opendir(dir); int nDirs, nFiles, nD, nF; nDirs = 0; nFiles = 0; nD = 0; nF = 0; if (dp) { struct dirent *entry = 0; struct stat statBuf; nDirs = count_dirs(dir); nFiles = count_files(dir); printf("The no of subdirectories in %s is %d \n", dir, nDirs); printf("The no of files in %s is %d \n", dir, nFiles); while ((entry = readdir(dp)) != 0) { if (strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") == 0 || strcmp(entry->d_name, "..") == 0) { continue; } char *filepath = malloc(strlen(dir) + strlen(entry->d_name) + 2); if (filepath) { sprintf(filepath, "%s/%s", dir, entry->d_name); if (lstat(filepath, &statBuf) != 0) { } if (S_ISDIR(statBuf.st_mode)) { nD++; if ((nDirs - nD) < 3) { printf("The directory is %s\n",entry->d_name); } } else { nF++; if ((nFiles - nF) < 3) { printf("The files are %s\n", entry->d_name); } //if } //else free(filepath); } //if(filepath) } //while while ((entry = readdir(dp)) != 0) { if (strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") == 0 || strcmp(entry->d_name, "..") == 0) { continue; } printf("In second while loop *entry=%s\n",entry->d_name); char *filepath = malloc(strlen(dir) + strlen(entry->d_name) + 2); if (filepath) { sprintf(filepath, "%s/%s", dir, entry->d_name); if (lstat(filepath, &statBuf) != 0) { } if (S_ISDIR(statBuf.st_mode)) { printdir(entry->d_name); } } //else free(filepath); } //2nd while closedir(dp); } else { fprintf(stderr, "Error, cannot open directory %s\n", dir); } } //printdir int count_dirs(char *dir) { DIR *dp = opendir(dir); int nD; nD = 0; if (dp) { struct dirent *entry = 0; struct stat statBuf; while ((entry = readdir(dp)) != 0) { if (strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") == 0 || strcmp(entry->d_name, "..") == 0) { continue; } char *filepath = malloc(strlen(dir) + strlen(entry->d_name) + 2); if (filepath) { sprintf(filepath, "%s/%s", dir, entry->d_name); if (lstat(filepath, &statBuf) != 0) { fprintf(stderr, "File Not found? %s\n", filepath); } if (S_ISDIR(statBuf.st_mode)) { nD++; } else { continue; } free(filepath); } } closedir(dp); } else { fprintf(stderr, "Error, cannot open directory %s\n", dir); } return nD; } int count_files(char *dir) { DIR *dp = opendir(dir); int nF; nF = 0; if (dp) { struct dirent *entry = 0; struct stat statBuf; while ((entry = readdir(dp)) != 0) { if (strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") == 0 || strcmp(entry->d_name, "..") == 0) { continue; } char *filepath = malloc(strlen(dir) + strlen(entry->d_name) + 2); if (filepath) { sprintf(filepath, "%s/%s", dir, entry->d_name); if (lstat(filepath, &statBuf) != 0) { fprintf(stderr, "File Not found? %s\n", filepath); } if (S_ISDIR(statBuf.st_mode)) { continue; } else { nF++; } free(filepath); } } closedir(dp); } else { fprintf(stderr, "Error, cannot open file %s\n", dir); } return nF; } The above code I wrote is a bit not functioning correctly can some one help me to understand the error which is coming.So that I improve it further.There seems to be some small glitch which is not clear to me right now.

    Read the article

  • Matlab: Optimization by perturbing variable

    - by S_H
    My main script contains following code: %# Grid and model parameters nModel=50; nModel_want=1; nI_grid1=5; Nth=1; nRow.Scale1=5; nCol.Scale1=5; nRow.Scale2=5^2; nCol.Scale2=5^2; theta = 90; % degrees a_minor = 2; % range along minor direction a_major = 5; % range along major direction sill = var(reshape(Deff_matrix_NthModel,nCell.Scale1,1)); % variance of the coarse data matrix of size nRow.Scale1 X nCol.Scale1 %# Covariance computation % Scale 1 for ihRow = 1:nRow.Scale1 for ihCol = 1:nCol.Scale1 [cov.Scale1(ihRow,ihCol),heff.Scale1(ihRow,ihCol)] = general_CovModel(theta, ihCol, ihRow, a_minor, a_major, sill, 'Exp'); end end % Scale 2 for ihRow = 1:nRow.Scale2 for ihCol = 1:nCol.Scale2 [cov.Scale2(ihRow,ihCol),heff.Scale2(ihRow,ihCol)] = general_CovModel(theta, ihCol/(nCol.Scale2/nCol.Scale1), ihRow/(nRow.Scale2/nRow.Scale1), a_minor, a_major, sill/(nRow.Scale2*nCol.Scale2), 'Exp'); end end %# Scale-up of fine scale values by averaging [covAvg.Scale2,var_covAvg.Scale2,varNorm_covAvg.Scale2] = general_AverageProperty(nRow.Scale2/nRow.Scale1,nCol.Scale2/nCol.Scale1,1,nRow.Scale1,nCol.Scale1,1,cov.Scale2,1); I am using two functions, general_CovModel() and general_AverageProperty(), in my main script which are given as following: function [cov,h_eff] = general_CovModel(theta, hx, hy, a_minor, a_major, sill, mod_type) % mod_type should be in strings angle_rad = theta*(pi/180); % theta in degrees, angle_rad in radians R_theta = [sin(angle_rad) cos(angle_rad); -cos(angle_rad) sin(angle_rad)]; h = [hx; hy]; lambda = a_minor/a_major; D_lambda = [lambda 0; 0 1]; h_2prime = D_lambda*R_theta*h; h_eff = sqrt((h_2prime(1)^2)+(h_2prime(2)^2)); if strcmp(mod_type,'Sph')==1 || strcmp(mod_type,'sph') ==1 if h_eff<=a cov = sill - sill.*(1.5*(h_eff/a_minor)-0.5*((h_eff/a_minor)^3)); else cov = sill; end elseif strcmp(mod_type,'Exp')==1 || strcmp(mod_type,'exp') ==1 cov = sill-(sill.*(1-exp(-(3*h_eff)/a_minor))); elseif strcmp(mod_type,'Gauss')==1 || strcmp(mod_type,'gauss') ==1 cov = sill-(sill.*(1-exp(-((3*h_eff)^2/(a_minor^2))))); end and function [PropertyAvg,variance_PropertyAvg,NormVariance_PropertyAvg]=... general_AverageProperty(blocksize_row,blocksize_col,blocksize_t,... nUpscaledRow,nUpscaledCol,nUpscaledT,PropertyArray,omega) % This function computes average of a property and variance of that averaged % property using power averaging PropertyAvg=zeros(nUpscaledRow,nUpscaledCol,nUpscaledT); %# Average of property for k=1:nUpscaledT, for j=1:nUpscaledCol, for i=1:nUpscaledRow, sum=0; for a=1:blocksize_row, for b=1:blocksize_col, for c=1:blocksize_t, sum=sum+(PropertyArray((i-1)*blocksize_row+a,(j-1)*blocksize_col+b,(k-1)*blocksize_t+c).^omega); % add all the property values in 'blocksize_x','blocksize_y','blocksize_t' to one variable end end end PropertyAvg(i,j,k)=(sum/(blocksize_row*blocksize_col*blocksize_t)).^(1/omega); % take average of the summed property end end end %# Variance of averageed property variance_PropertyAvg=var(reshape(PropertyAvg,... nUpscaledRow*nUpscaledCol*nUpscaledT,1),1,1); %# Normalized variance of averageed property NormVariance_PropertyAvg=variance_PropertyAvg./(var(reshape(... PropertyArray,numel(PropertyArray),1),1,1)); Question: Using Matlab, I would like to optimize covAvg.Scale2 such that it matches closely with cov.Scale1 by perturbing/varying any (or all) of the following variables 1) a_minor 2) a_major 3) theta Thanks.

    Read the article

  • Why does my token return NULL and how can I fix it?(c++)

    - by Van
    I've created a program to get a string input from a user and parse it into tokens and move a robot according to the input. The program is supposed to recognize these inputs(where x is an integer): "forward x" "back x" "turn left x" "turn right x" and "stop". The program does what it's supposed to for all commands except for "stop". When I type "stop" the program prints out "whats happening?" because I've written a line which states: if(token == NULL) { cout << "whats happening?" << endl; } Why does token get NULL, and how can I fix this so it will read "stop" properly? here is the code: bool stopper = 0; void Navigator::manualDrive() { VideoStream video(&myRobot, 0);//allows user to see what robot sees video.startStream(); const int bufSize = 42; char uinput[bufSize]; char delim[] = " "; char *token; while(stopper == 0) { cout << "Enter your directions below: " << endl; cin.getline(uinput,bufSize); Navigator::parseInstruction(uinput); } } /* parseInstruction(char *c) -- parses cstring instructions received * and moves robot accordingly */ void Navigator::parseInstruction(char * uinput) { char delim[] = " "; char *token; // cout << "Enter your directions below: " << endl; // cin.getline (uinput, bufSize); token=strtok(uinput, delim); if(token == NULL) { cout << "whats happening?" << endl; } if(strcmp("forward", token) == 0) { int inches; token = strtok(NULL, delim); inches = atoi (token); double value = fabs(0.0735 * fabs(inches) - 0.0550); myRobot.forward(1, value); } else if(strcmp("back",token) == 0) { int inches; token = strtok(NULL, delim); inches = atoi (token); double value = fabs(0.0735 * fabs(inches) - 0.0550); myRobot.backward(1/*speed*/, value/*time*/); } else if(strcmp("turn",token) == 0) { int degrees; token = strtok(NULL, delim); if(strcmp("left",token) == 0) { token = strtok(uinput, delim); degrees = atoi (token); double value = fabs(0.00467 * degrees - 0.04); myRobot.turnLeft(1/*speed*/, value/*time*/); } else if(strcmp("right",token) == 0) { token = strtok(uinput, delim); degrees = atoi (token); double value = fabs(0.00467 * degrees - 0.04); myRobot.turnRight(1/*speed*/, value/*time*/); } } else if(strcmp("stop",token) == 0) { stopper = 1; } else { std::cerr << "Unknown command '" << token << "'\n"; } } /* autoDrive() -- reads in file from ifstream, parses * and moves robot according to instructions in file */ void Navigator::autoDrive(string filename) { const int bufSize = 42; char fLine[bufSize]; ifstream infile; infile.open("autodrive.txt", fstream::in); while (!infile.eof()) { infile.getline(fLine, bufSize); Navigator::parseInstruction(fLine); } infile.close(); } I need this to break out of the while loop and end manualDrive because in my driver program the next function called is autoDrive.

    Read the article

  • AVL tree in C language

    - by I_S_W
    Hey all; i am currently doing a project that requires the use of AVL trees , the insert function i wrote for the avl does not seem to be working , it works for 3 or 4 nodes at maximum ; i would really appreciate your help The attempt is below enter code here Tree insert(Tree t,char name[80],int num) { if(t==NULL) { t=(Tree)malloc(sizeof(struct node)); if(t!=NULL) { strcpy(t->name,name); t->num=num; t->left=NULL; t->right=NULL; t->height=0; } } else if(strcmp(name,t->name)<0) { t->left=insert(t->left,name,num); if((height(t->left)-height(t->right))==2) if(strcmp(name,t->left->name)<0) { t=s_rotate_left(t);} else{ t=d_rotate_left(t);} } else if(strcmp(name,t-name)0) { t-right=insert(t-right,name,num); if((height(t-right)-height(t-left))==2) if(strcmp(name,t-right-name)0){ t=s_rotate_right(t); } else{ t=d_rotate_right(t);} } t-height=max(height(t-left),height(t-right))+1; return t; }

    Read the article

  • NSIS: Access values of combo box of custom page?

    - by Xinus
    I have added custom page to NSIS installer using ini files, here is a code . . . ; Welcome page !insertmacro MUI_PAGE_WELCOME Page custom customPage "" ": custom page" . . . Function customPage GetTempFileName $R0 File /oname=$R0 customPage.ini InstallOptions::dialog $R0 Pop $R1 StrCmp $R1 "cancel" done StrCmp $R1 "back" done StrCmp $R1 "success" done error: MessageBox MB_OK|MB_ICONSTOP "InstallOptions error:$\r$\n$R1" done: FunctionEnd . . . Here is a customPage.ini file ; Ini file generated by the HM NIS Edit IO designer. [Settings] NumFields=2 [Field 1] Type=Label Text=Select Version: Left=4 Right=53 Top=16 Bottom=26 [Field 2] Type=Combobox Text=Combobox ListItems= Left=53 Right=138 Top=14 Bottom=107 I want to set values of combobox dynamically using NSIS script, how can I access combobox in nsis?

    Read the article

  • Crash Report in Ubuntu... hardware problem?

    - by Andrew
    Got this on my machine. I was just browsing the web on Chrome and my computer froze. I recently just built this machine. I have a feeling it is a hardware problem... Possibly one of my parts arrived broken in some way.... Starting anac(h)ronistic cron Stopping anac(h)ronistic cron Stopping cold plug devices Stopping log initial device creation Starting enable remaining boot-time encrypted block devices Starting configure network device security Starting configure virtual network devices Starting save udev log and update rules Stopping configure virtual network devices Stopping save udev log and update rules Checking battery state... Stopping System V runlevel compatibility Stopping enable remaining boot-time encrypted block devices Stopping Mount filesystems on boot 91.573384] BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at (null) 91.573437] IP: [<ffffffff81313514>] strcmp+0x14/0x30 91.573470] PGD 1f7822067 PUD 1ed7a6067 PMD 0 91.573498] Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP 91.573519] CPU 3 91.573531] Modules linked in: dm_crypt bnep snd_hda_codec_realtek rfcomm bluetooth parport_pc ppdev arc4 fglrx(P) rt2800usb rt2800lib crc_ccitt rt2x00usb rt2x00lib mac0021 cfg80211 psmouse snd_hda_intel snd_hda_codec snd_hwdep snd_pcm snd_seq_midi snd_rawmidi snd_seq_midi_event snd_seq snd_timer send_seq_device snd joydev mac_hid mei(C) soundcore serio_raw snd_page_alloc lp parport ses enclosure usbhid hid i915 drm_kms_helper drm i2c_algo_bit mxm_umi tg_video wmi usb_storage 91.573826] 91.573837] Pid: 2297, comm: update-notifier Tainted: P C O 3.2.0-29-generic #46-Ubuntu To Be Filled By O.E.M. To Be Filled By O.E.M./Z77 Extreme4 91.573912] RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff81313514>] [<ffffffff81313514>] strcmp+0x14/0x30 91.573954] RSP: 0018:ffff8801f83f5bb8 EFLAGS: 00010246 91.573982] RAX: 0000000000000000 RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 0000000000000000 91.574019] RDX: 0000000000000069 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffff88021adb26f8 91.574056] RBP: ffff8801f83f5bb8 R08: ffff88022f2d6e80 R09: 0000000000000000 91.574093] R10: ffff88021e7dbf00 R11: 0000000000000003 R12: ffff88021c10eb40 91.574130] R13: 0000000000000000 R14: ffff88021adb26f8 R15: ffff8801f83f5d40 91.574168] FS: 00007f958cf53940(0000) GS:ffff88022f2c0000(0000) kn1GS:0000000000000000 91.574210] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 91.574240] CR2: 0000000000000000 CR3: 000000021f6d7000 CR4: 00000000000406e0 91.574277] DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 91.574314] DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000000 91.574351] Process update-notifier (pid: 2297, threadinfo ffff801f83f4000, task ffff880208fe2e00) 91.574397] Stack: 91.574409] ffff8801f83f5be8 ffffffff811ed509 ffff88021adb26c0 ffff88021b8b7020 91.574453] ffff88021b461c60 fffffffffffffffe ffff8801f83f5c18 ffffffff811ed61f 91.574496] ffff88021adb26c0 ffff88021b8b7020 ffff8801f83f5dc8 0000000000000001 91.574539] Call Trace: 91.574558] [<ffffffff811ed509] sysfs_find_dirent+0x59/0x110 91.574591] [<ffffffff811ed61f] sysfs_lookup+0x5f/0x110 91.574621] [<ffffffff81182745] d_alloc_and_lookup+0x45/0x90 91.574654] [<ffffffff8118fe65] ? d_lookup+0x35/0x60 91.574683] [<ffffffff811848d2] do_lookup+0x202/0x310 91.574712] [<ffffffff8118660c] path_lookupat+0x11c/0x750 91.574744] [<ffffffff81318db7] ? __strncpy_from_user+0x27/0x60 91.574778] [<ffffffff81186c71] do_path_lookup+0x31/0xc0 91.574809] [<ffffffff81187779] user_path_at_empty+0x59/0xa0 91.574842] [<ffffffff81187822] ? do_filp_open+0x42/0xa0 91.574872] [<ffffffff811877d1] user_path_at+0x11/0x20 91.574902] [<ffffffff8117c80a] vfs_fstatat+0x3a/0x70 91.574933] [<ffffffff81161cff] ? kmem_cache_free+0x2f/0x110 91.574965] [<ffffffff8117c85e] vfs_lstat+-x31/0x70 91.574993] [<ffffffff8117c9fa] sys_newlstat+0x1a/0x40 91.575022] [<ffffffff81176ee1] ? do_sys_open+0x171/0x220 91.575053] [<ffffffff8117cb1a] ? sys_readlinkat+0x7a/0xb0 91.575086] [<ffffffff81661ec2] system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b 91.575118] Code: 83 c1 01 40 84 ff 75 ef 5d c3 66 66 66 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 00 55 31 c0 48 89 e5 66 2e 0f 1f 84 00 00 00 00 00 0f b6 14 07 <3a> 14 06 75 0f 48 83 c0 01 84 d2 75 ef 31 c0 5d c3 0f 1f 00 19 91.577243] RIP [<ffffffff81313514>] strcmp+0x14/0x30 91.579314] RSP <ffff8801f83f5bb8> 91.581385] CR2: 0000000000000000

    Read the article

  • assign member based on string value

    - by Aperion
    I need start off with code because I am not sure what terminology to use. Lets say I have the following code: class Node { public: void Parse(rapidxml::xml_node<> *node) { for (rapidxml::xml_attribute<> *attr = node->first_attribute(); attr; attr = attr->next_attribute()) { std::stringstream converter; converter << attr->value(); if( !strcmp(attr->name(), "x") ) converter >> x; else if( !strcmp(attr->name(),"y") ) converter >> y; else if( !strcmp(attr->name(), "z") ) converter >> z; } } private: float x; float y; float z; }; What I can't stand is the repetition of if( !strcmp(attr-name(), "x") ) converter x; I feel that this is error prone and monotonous, but I cannot think of another way to map a string value to a member assignment. What are some other approaches one can take to avoid code such as this? The only other possible alternative I could think of was to use a hashmap, but that runs into problems with callbacks This is the best I could up with but it's not as flexible as I'd like: class Node { Node() : x(0.0f), y(0.0f), z(0.0f) { assignmentMap["x"] = &x; assignmentMap["y"] = &y; assignmentMap["z"] = &z; } public: void Parse(rapidxml::xml_node<> *node) { for (rapidxml::xml_attribute<> *attr = node->first_attribute(); attr; attr = attr->next_attribute()) { if( !attr->name() ) continue; std::stringstream converter; converter << attr->value(); converter >> *assignmentMap[attr->name()]; } } private: float x; float y; float z; std::map<std::string, float*> assignmentMap; };

    Read the article

  • Why should main() be short?

    - by Stargazer712
    I've been programming for over 9 years, and according to the advice of my first programming teacher, I always keep my main() function extremely short. At first I had no idea why. I just obeyed without understanding, much to the delight of my professors. After gaining experience, I realized that if I designed my code correctly, having a short main() function just sortof happened. Writing modularized code and following the single responsibility principle allowed my code to be designed in "bunches", and main() served as nothing more than a catalyst to get the program running. Fast forward to a few weeks ago, I was looking at Python's souce code, and I found the main() function: /* Minimal main program -- everything is loaded from the library */ ... int main(int argc, char **argv) { ... return Py_Main(argc, argv); } Yay Python. Short main() function == Good code. Programming teachers were right. Wanting to look deeper, I took a look at Py_Main. In its entirety, it is defined as follows: /* Main program */ int Py_Main(int argc, char **argv) { int c; int sts; char *command = NULL; char *filename = NULL; char *module = NULL; FILE *fp = stdin; char *p; int unbuffered = 0; int skipfirstline = 0; int stdin_is_interactive = 0; int help = 0; int version = 0; int saw_unbuffered_flag = 0; PyCompilerFlags cf; cf.cf_flags = 0; orig_argc = argc; /* For Py_GetArgcArgv() */ orig_argv = argv; #ifdef RISCOS Py_RISCOSWimpFlag = 0; #endif PySys_ResetWarnOptions(); while ((c = _PyOS_GetOpt(argc, argv, PROGRAM_OPTS)) != EOF) { if (c == 'c') { /* -c is the last option; following arguments that look like options are left for the command to interpret. */ command = (char *)malloc(strlen(_PyOS_optarg) + 2); if (command == NULL) Py_FatalError( "not enough memory to copy -c argument"); strcpy(command, _PyOS_optarg); strcat(command, "\n"); break; } if (c == 'm') { /* -m is the last option; following arguments that look like options are left for the module to interpret. */ module = (char *)malloc(strlen(_PyOS_optarg) + 2); if (module == NULL) Py_FatalError( "not enough memory to copy -m argument"); strcpy(module, _PyOS_optarg); break; } switch (c) { case 'b': Py_BytesWarningFlag++; break; case 'd': Py_DebugFlag++; break; case '3': Py_Py3kWarningFlag++; if (!Py_DivisionWarningFlag) Py_DivisionWarningFlag = 1; break; case 'Q': if (strcmp(_PyOS_optarg, "old") == 0) { Py_DivisionWarningFlag = 0; break; } if (strcmp(_PyOS_optarg, "warn") == 0) { Py_DivisionWarningFlag = 1; break; } if (strcmp(_PyOS_optarg, "warnall") == 0) { Py_DivisionWarningFlag = 2; break; } if (strcmp(_PyOS_optarg, "new") == 0) { /* This only affects __main__ */ cf.cf_flags |= CO_FUTURE_DIVISION; /* And this tells the eval loop to treat BINARY_DIVIDE as BINARY_TRUE_DIVIDE */ _Py_QnewFlag = 1; break; } fprintf(stderr, "-Q option should be `-Qold', " "`-Qwarn', `-Qwarnall', or `-Qnew' only\n"); return usage(2, argv[0]); /* NOTREACHED */ case 'i': Py_InspectFlag++; Py_InteractiveFlag++; break; /* case 'J': reserved for Jython */ case 'O': Py_OptimizeFlag++; break; case 'B': Py_DontWriteBytecodeFlag++; break; case 's': Py_NoUserSiteDirectory++; break; case 'S': Py_NoSiteFlag++; break; case 'E': Py_IgnoreEnvironmentFlag++; break; case 't': Py_TabcheckFlag++; break; case 'u': unbuffered++; saw_unbuffered_flag = 1; break; case 'v': Py_VerboseFlag++; break; #ifdef RISCOS case 'w': Py_RISCOSWimpFlag = 1; break; #endif case 'x': skipfirstline = 1; break; /* case 'X': reserved for implementation-specific arguments */ case 'U': Py_UnicodeFlag++; break; case 'h': case '?': help++; break; case 'V': version++; break; case 'W': PySys_AddWarnOption(_PyOS_optarg); break; /* This space reserved for other options */ default: return usage(2, argv[0]); /*NOTREACHED*/ } } if (help) return usage(0, argv[0]); if (version) { fprintf(stderr, "Python %s\n", PY_VERSION); return 0; } if (Py_Py3kWarningFlag && !Py_TabcheckFlag) /* -3 implies -t (but not -tt) */ Py_TabcheckFlag = 1; if (!Py_InspectFlag && (p = Py_GETENV("PYTHONINSPECT")) && *p != '\0') Py_InspectFlag = 1; if (!saw_unbuffered_flag && (p = Py_GETENV("PYTHONUNBUFFERED")) && *p != '\0') unbuffered = 1; if (!Py_NoUserSiteDirectory && (p = Py_GETENV("PYTHONNOUSERSITE")) && *p != '\0') Py_NoUserSiteDirectory = 1; if ((p = Py_GETENV("PYTHONWARNINGS")) && *p != '\0') { char *buf, *warning; buf = (char *)malloc(strlen(p) + 1); if (buf == NULL) Py_FatalError( "not enough memory to copy PYTHONWARNINGS"); strcpy(buf, p); for (warning = strtok(buf, ","); warning != NULL; warning = strtok(NULL, ",")) PySys_AddWarnOption(warning); free(buf); } if (command == NULL && module == NULL && _PyOS_optind < argc && strcmp(argv[_PyOS_optind], "-") != 0) { #ifdef __VMS filename = decc$translate_vms(argv[_PyOS_optind]); if (filename == (char *)0 || filename == (char *)-1) filename = argv[_PyOS_optind]; #else filename = argv[_PyOS_optind]; #endif } stdin_is_interactive = Py_FdIsInteractive(stdin, (char *)0); if (unbuffered) { #if defined(MS_WINDOWS) || defined(__CYGWIN__) _setmode(fileno(stdin), O_BINARY); _setmode(fileno(stdout), O_BINARY); #endif #ifdef HAVE_SETVBUF setvbuf(stdin, (char *)NULL, _IONBF, BUFSIZ); setvbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL, _IONBF, BUFSIZ); setvbuf(stderr, (char *)NULL, _IONBF, BUFSIZ); #else /* !HAVE_SETVBUF */ setbuf(stdin, (char *)NULL); setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL); setbuf(stderr, (char *)NULL); #endif /* !HAVE_SETVBUF */ } else if (Py_InteractiveFlag) { #ifdef MS_WINDOWS /* Doesn't have to have line-buffered -- use unbuffered */ /* Any set[v]buf(stdin, ...) screws up Tkinter :-( */ setvbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL, _IONBF, BUFSIZ); #else /* !MS_WINDOWS */ #ifdef HAVE_SETVBUF setvbuf(stdin, (char *)NULL, _IOLBF, BUFSIZ); setvbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL, _IOLBF, BUFSIZ); #endif /* HAVE_SETVBUF */ #endif /* !MS_WINDOWS */ /* Leave stderr alone - it should be unbuffered anyway. */ } #ifdef __VMS else { setvbuf (stdout, (char *)NULL, _IOLBF, BUFSIZ); } #endif /* __VMS */ #ifdef __APPLE__ /* On MacOS X, when the Python interpreter is embedded in an application bundle, it gets executed by a bootstrapping script that does os.execve() with an argv[0] that's different from the actual Python executable. This is needed to keep the Finder happy, or rather, to work around Apple's overly strict requirements of the process name. However, we still need a usable sys.executable, so the actual executable path is passed in an environment variable. See Lib/plat-mac/bundlebuiler.py for details about the bootstrap script. */ if ((p = Py_GETENV("PYTHONEXECUTABLE")) && *p != '\0') Py_SetProgramName(p); else Py_SetProgramName(argv[0]); #else Py_SetProgramName(argv[0]); #endif Py_Initialize(); if (Py_VerboseFlag || (command == NULL && filename == NULL && module == NULL && stdin_is_interactive)) { fprintf(stderr, "Python %s on %s\n", Py_GetVersion(), Py_GetPlatform()); if (!Py_NoSiteFlag) fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", COPYRIGHT); } if (command != NULL) { /* Backup _PyOS_optind and force sys.argv[0] = '-c' */ _PyOS_optind--; argv[_PyOS_optind] = "-c"; } if (module != NULL) { /* Backup _PyOS_optind and force sys.argv[0] = '-c' so that PySys_SetArgv correctly sets sys.path[0] to '' rather than looking for a file called "-m". See tracker issue #8202 for details. */ _PyOS_optind--; argv[_PyOS_optind] = "-c"; } PySys_SetArgv(argc-_PyOS_optind, argv+_PyOS_optind); if ((Py_InspectFlag || (command == NULL && filename == NULL && module == NULL)) && isatty(fileno(stdin))) { PyObject *v; v = PyImport_ImportModule("readline"); if (v == NULL) PyErr_Clear(); else Py_DECREF(v); } if (command) { sts = PyRun_SimpleStringFlags(command, &cf) != 0; free(command); } else if (module) { sts = RunModule(module, 1); free(module); } else { if (filename == NULL && stdin_is_interactive) { Py_InspectFlag = 0; /* do exit on SystemExit */ RunStartupFile(&cf); } /* XXX */ sts = -1; /* keep track of whether we've already run __main__ */ if (filename != NULL) { sts = RunMainFromImporter(filename); } if (sts==-1 && filename!=NULL) { if ((fp = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL) { fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open file '%s': [Errno %d] %s\n", argv[0], filename, errno, strerror(errno)); return 2; } else if (skipfirstline) { int ch; /* Push back first newline so line numbers remain the same */ while ((ch = getc(fp)) != EOF) { if (ch == '\n') { (void)ungetc(ch, fp); break; } } } { /* XXX: does this work on Win/Win64? (see posix_fstat) */ struct stat sb; if (fstat(fileno(fp), &sb) == 0 && S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) { fprintf(stderr, "%s: '%s' is a directory, cannot continue\n", argv[0], filename); fclose(fp); return 1; } } } if (sts==-1) { /* call pending calls like signal handlers (SIGINT) */ if (Py_MakePendingCalls() == -1) { PyErr_Print(); sts = 1; } else { sts = PyRun_AnyFileExFlags( fp, filename == NULL ? "<stdin>" : filename, filename != NULL, &cf) != 0; } } } /* Check this environment variable at the end, to give programs the * opportunity to set it from Python. */ if (!Py_InspectFlag && (p = Py_GETENV("PYTHONINSPECT")) && *p != '\0') { Py_InspectFlag = 1; } if (Py_InspectFlag && stdin_is_interactive && (filename != NULL || command != NULL || module != NULL)) { Py_InspectFlag = 0; /* XXX */ sts = PyRun_AnyFileFlags(stdin, "<stdin>", &cf) != 0; } Py_Finalize(); #ifdef RISCOS if (Py_RISCOSWimpFlag) fprintf(stderr, "\x0cq\x0c"); /* make frontend quit */ #endif #ifdef __INSURE__ /* Insure++ is a memory analysis tool that aids in discovering * memory leaks and other memory problems. On Python exit, the * interned string dictionary is flagged as being in use at exit * (which it is). Under normal circumstances, this is fine because * the memory will be automatically reclaimed by the system. Under * memory debugging, it's a huge source of useless noise, so we * trade off slower shutdown for less distraction in the memory * reports. -baw */ _Py_ReleaseInternedStrings(); #endif /* __INSURE__ */ return sts; } Good God Almighty...it is big enough to sink the Titanic. It seems as though Python did the "Intro to Programming 101" trick and just moved all of main()'s code to a different function called it something very similar to "main". Here's my question: Is this code terribly written, or are there other reasons reasons to have a short main function? As it stands right now, I see absolutely no difference between doing this and just moving the code in Py_Main() back into main(). Am I wrong in thinking this?

    Read the article

  • Why should main() be short?

    - by Stargazer712
    I've been programming for over 9 years, and according to the advice of my first programming teacher, I always keep my main() function extremely short. At first I had no idea why. I just obeyed without understanding, much to the delight of my professors. After gaining experience, I realized that if I designed my code correctly, having a short main() function just sortof happened. Writing modularized code and following the single responsibility principle allowed my code to be designed in "bunches", and main() served as nothing more than a catalyst to get the program running. Fast forward to a few weeks ago, I was looking at Python's souce code, and I found the main() function: /* Minimal main program -- everything is loaded from the library */ ... int main(int argc, char **argv) { ... return Py_Main(argc, argv); } Yay python. Short main() function == Good code. Programming teachers were right. Wanting to look deeper, I took a look at Py_Main. In its entirety, it is defined as follows: /* Main program */ int Py_Main(int argc, char **argv) { int c; int sts; char *command = NULL; char *filename = NULL; char *module = NULL; FILE *fp = stdin; char *p; int unbuffered = 0; int skipfirstline = 0; int stdin_is_interactive = 0; int help = 0; int version = 0; int saw_unbuffered_flag = 0; PyCompilerFlags cf; cf.cf_flags = 0; orig_argc = argc; /* For Py_GetArgcArgv() */ orig_argv = argv; #ifdef RISCOS Py_RISCOSWimpFlag = 0; #endif PySys_ResetWarnOptions(); while ((c = _PyOS_GetOpt(argc, argv, PROGRAM_OPTS)) != EOF) { if (c == 'c') { /* -c is the last option; following arguments that look like options are left for the command to interpret. */ command = (char *)malloc(strlen(_PyOS_optarg) + 2); if (command == NULL) Py_FatalError( "not enough memory to copy -c argument"); strcpy(command, _PyOS_optarg); strcat(command, "\n"); break; } if (c == 'm') { /* -m is the last option; following arguments that look like options are left for the module to interpret. */ module = (char *)malloc(strlen(_PyOS_optarg) + 2); if (module == NULL) Py_FatalError( "not enough memory to copy -m argument"); strcpy(module, _PyOS_optarg); break; } switch (c) { case 'b': Py_BytesWarningFlag++; break; case 'd': Py_DebugFlag++; break; case '3': Py_Py3kWarningFlag++; if (!Py_DivisionWarningFlag) Py_DivisionWarningFlag = 1; break; case 'Q': if (strcmp(_PyOS_optarg, "old") == 0) { Py_DivisionWarningFlag = 0; break; } if (strcmp(_PyOS_optarg, "warn") == 0) { Py_DivisionWarningFlag = 1; break; } if (strcmp(_PyOS_optarg, "warnall") == 0) { Py_DivisionWarningFlag = 2; break; } if (strcmp(_PyOS_optarg, "new") == 0) { /* This only affects __main__ */ cf.cf_flags |= CO_FUTURE_DIVISION; /* And this tells the eval loop to treat BINARY_DIVIDE as BINARY_TRUE_DIVIDE */ _Py_QnewFlag = 1; break; } fprintf(stderr, "-Q option should be `-Qold', " "`-Qwarn', `-Qwarnall', or `-Qnew' only\n"); return usage(2, argv[0]); /* NOTREACHED */ case 'i': Py_InspectFlag++; Py_InteractiveFlag++; break; /* case 'J': reserved for Jython */ case 'O': Py_OptimizeFlag++; break; case 'B': Py_DontWriteBytecodeFlag++; break; case 's': Py_NoUserSiteDirectory++; break; case 'S': Py_NoSiteFlag++; break; case 'E': Py_IgnoreEnvironmentFlag++; break; case 't': Py_TabcheckFlag++; break; case 'u': unbuffered++; saw_unbuffered_flag = 1; break; case 'v': Py_VerboseFlag++; break; #ifdef RISCOS case 'w': Py_RISCOSWimpFlag = 1; break; #endif case 'x': skipfirstline = 1; break; /* case 'X': reserved for implementation-specific arguments */ case 'U': Py_UnicodeFlag++; break; case 'h': case '?': help++; break; case 'V': version++; break; case 'W': PySys_AddWarnOption(_PyOS_optarg); break; /* This space reserved for other options */ default: return usage(2, argv[0]); /*NOTREACHED*/ } } if (help) return usage(0, argv[0]); if (version) { fprintf(stderr, "Python %s\n", PY_VERSION); return 0; } if (Py_Py3kWarningFlag && !Py_TabcheckFlag) /* -3 implies -t (but not -tt) */ Py_TabcheckFlag = 1; if (!Py_InspectFlag && (p = Py_GETENV("PYTHONINSPECT")) && *p != '\0') Py_InspectFlag = 1; if (!saw_unbuffered_flag && (p = Py_GETENV("PYTHONUNBUFFERED")) && *p != '\0') unbuffered = 1; if (!Py_NoUserSiteDirectory && (p = Py_GETENV("PYTHONNOUSERSITE")) && *p != '\0') Py_NoUserSiteDirectory = 1; if ((p = Py_GETENV("PYTHONWARNINGS")) && *p != '\0') { char *buf, *warning; buf = (char *)malloc(strlen(p) + 1); if (buf == NULL) Py_FatalError( "not enough memory to copy PYTHONWARNINGS"); strcpy(buf, p); for (warning = strtok(buf, ","); warning != NULL; warning = strtok(NULL, ",")) PySys_AddWarnOption(warning); free(buf); } if (command == NULL && module == NULL && _PyOS_optind < argc && strcmp(argv[_PyOS_optind], "-") != 0) { #ifdef __VMS filename = decc$translate_vms(argv[_PyOS_optind]); if (filename == (char *)0 || filename == (char *)-1) filename = argv[_PyOS_optind]; #else filename = argv[_PyOS_optind]; #endif } stdin_is_interactive = Py_FdIsInteractive(stdin, (char *)0); if (unbuffered) { #if defined(MS_WINDOWS) || defined(__CYGWIN__) _setmode(fileno(stdin), O_BINARY); _setmode(fileno(stdout), O_BINARY); #endif #ifdef HAVE_SETVBUF setvbuf(stdin, (char *)NULL, _IONBF, BUFSIZ); setvbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL, _IONBF, BUFSIZ); setvbuf(stderr, (char *)NULL, _IONBF, BUFSIZ); #else /* !HAVE_SETVBUF */ setbuf(stdin, (char *)NULL); setbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL); setbuf(stderr, (char *)NULL); #endif /* !HAVE_SETVBUF */ } else if (Py_InteractiveFlag) { #ifdef MS_WINDOWS /* Doesn't have to have line-buffered -- use unbuffered */ /* Any set[v]buf(stdin, ...) screws up Tkinter :-( */ setvbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL, _IONBF, BUFSIZ); #else /* !MS_WINDOWS */ #ifdef HAVE_SETVBUF setvbuf(stdin, (char *)NULL, _IOLBF, BUFSIZ); setvbuf(stdout, (char *)NULL, _IOLBF, BUFSIZ); #endif /* HAVE_SETVBUF */ #endif /* !MS_WINDOWS */ /* Leave stderr alone - it should be unbuffered anyway. */ } #ifdef __VMS else { setvbuf (stdout, (char *)NULL, _IOLBF, BUFSIZ); } #endif /* __VMS */ #ifdef __APPLE__ /* On MacOS X, when the Python interpreter is embedded in an application bundle, it gets executed by a bootstrapping script that does os.execve() with an argv[0] that's different from the actual Python executable. This is needed to keep the Finder happy, or rather, to work around Apple's overly strict requirements of the process name. However, we still need a usable sys.executable, so the actual executable path is passed in an environment variable. See Lib/plat-mac/bundlebuiler.py for details about the bootstrap script. */ if ((p = Py_GETENV("PYTHONEXECUTABLE")) && *p != '\0') Py_SetProgramName(p); else Py_SetProgramName(argv[0]); #else Py_SetProgramName(argv[0]); #endif Py_Initialize(); if (Py_VerboseFlag || (command == NULL && filename == NULL && module == NULL && stdin_is_interactive)) { fprintf(stderr, "Python %s on %s\n", Py_GetVersion(), Py_GetPlatform()); if (!Py_NoSiteFlag) fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", COPYRIGHT); } if (command != NULL) { /* Backup _PyOS_optind and force sys.argv[0] = '-c' */ _PyOS_optind--; argv[_PyOS_optind] = "-c"; } if (module != NULL) { /* Backup _PyOS_optind and force sys.argv[0] = '-c' so that PySys_SetArgv correctly sets sys.path[0] to '' rather than looking for a file called "-m". See tracker issue #8202 for details. */ _PyOS_optind--; argv[_PyOS_optind] = "-c"; } PySys_SetArgv(argc-_PyOS_optind, argv+_PyOS_optind); if ((Py_InspectFlag || (command == NULL && filename == NULL && module == NULL)) && isatty(fileno(stdin))) { PyObject *v; v = PyImport_ImportModule("readline"); if (v == NULL) PyErr_Clear(); else Py_DECREF(v); } if (command) { sts = PyRun_SimpleStringFlags(command, &cf) != 0; free(command); } else if (module) { sts = RunModule(module, 1); free(module); } else { if (filename == NULL && stdin_is_interactive) { Py_InspectFlag = 0; /* do exit on SystemExit */ RunStartupFile(&cf); } /* XXX */ sts = -1; /* keep track of whether we've already run __main__ */ if (filename != NULL) { sts = RunMainFromImporter(filename); } if (sts==-1 && filename!=NULL) { if ((fp = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL) { fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open file '%s': [Errno %d] %s\n", argv[0], filename, errno, strerror(errno)); return 2; } else if (skipfirstline) { int ch; /* Push back first newline so line numbers remain the same */ while ((ch = getc(fp)) != EOF) { if (ch == '\n') { (void)ungetc(ch, fp); break; } } } { /* XXX: does this work on Win/Win64? (see posix_fstat) */ struct stat sb; if (fstat(fileno(fp), &sb) == 0 && S_ISDIR(sb.st_mode)) { fprintf(stderr, "%s: '%s' is a directory, cannot continue\n", argv[0], filename); fclose(fp); return 1; } } } if (sts==-1) { /* call pending calls like signal handlers (SIGINT) */ if (Py_MakePendingCalls() == -1) { PyErr_Print(); sts = 1; } else { sts = PyRun_AnyFileExFlags( fp, filename == NULL ? "<stdin>" : filename, filename != NULL, &cf) != 0; } } } /* Check this environment variable at the end, to give programs the * opportunity to set it from Python. */ if (!Py_InspectFlag && (p = Py_GETENV("PYTHONINSPECT")) && *p != '\0') { Py_InspectFlag = 1; } if (Py_InspectFlag && stdin_is_interactive && (filename != NULL || command != NULL || module != NULL)) { Py_InspectFlag = 0; /* XXX */ sts = PyRun_AnyFileFlags(stdin, "<stdin>", &cf) != 0; } Py_Finalize(); #ifdef RISCOS if (Py_RISCOSWimpFlag) fprintf(stderr, "\x0cq\x0c"); /* make frontend quit */ #endif #ifdef __INSURE__ /* Insure++ is a memory analysis tool that aids in discovering * memory leaks and other memory problems. On Python exit, the * interned string dictionary is flagged as being in use at exit * (which it is). Under normal circumstances, this is fine because * the memory will be automatically reclaimed by the system. Under * memory debugging, it's a huge source of useless noise, so we * trade off slower shutdown for less distraction in the memory * reports. -baw */ _Py_ReleaseInternedStrings(); #endif /* __INSURE__ */ return sts; } Good God Almighty...it is big enough to sink the Titanic. It seems as though Python did the "Intro to Programming 101" trick and just moved all of main()'s code to a different function called it something very similar to "main". Here's my question: Is this code terribly written, or are there other reasons to have a short main function? As it stands right now, I see absolutely no difference between doing this and just moving the code in Py_Main() back into main(). Am I wrong in thinking this?

    Read the article

  • Streamed mp3 only plays for 1 second

    - by angel6
    Hi, I'm using the plaympeg.c (modified) code of smpeg as a media player. I've got ffserver running as a streaming server. I'm a streaming an mp3 file over http. But when I run plaympeg.c, it plays the streamed file only for a second. When I run plaympeg again, it starts off from where it left and plays for 1 second. Does anyone know why this happens an how to fix it? I've tested it out on WMP and it plays the entire file in one go. So, i guess it's not a problem with the streaming or ffserver.conf include include include include /* #ifdef unix */ include include include include include include include define NET_SUPPORT /* General network support */ define HTTP_SUPPORT /* HTTP support */ ifdef NET_SUPPORT include include include include endif include "smpeg.h" ifdef NET_SUPPORT int tcp_open(char * address, int port) { struct sockaddr_in stAddr; struct hostent * host; int sock; struct linger l; memset(&stAddr,0,sizeof(stAddr)); stAddr.sin_family = AF_INET ; stAddr.sin_port = htons(port); if((host = gethostbyname(address)) == NULL) return(0); stAddr.sin_addr = *((struct in_addr *) host-h_addr_list[0]) ; if((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP)) < 0) return(0); l.l_onoff = 1; l.l_linger = 5; if(setsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_LINGER, (char*) &l, sizeof(l)) < 0) return(0); if(connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *) &stAddr, sizeof(stAddr)) < 0) return(0); return(sock); } ifdef HTTP_SUPPORT int http_open(char * arg) { char * host; int port; char * request; int tcp_sock; char http_request[1024]; char c; printf("\nin http_open passed parameter = %s\n",arg); /* Check for URL syntax */ if(strncmp(arg, "http://", strlen("http://"))) return(0); /* Parse URL */ port = 80; host = arg + strlen("http://"); if((request = strchr(host, '/')) == NULL) return(0); request++ = 0; if(strchr(host, ':') != NULL) / port is specified */ { port = atoi(strchr(host, ':') + 1); *strchr(host, ':') = 0; } /* Open a TCP socket */ if(!(tcp_sock = tcp_open(host, port))) { perror("http_open"); return(0); } /* Send HTTP GET request */ sprintf(http_request, "GET /%s HTTP/1.0\r\n" "User-Agent: Mozilla/2.0 (Win95; I)\r\n" "Pragma: no-cache\r\n" "Host: %s\r\n" "Accept: /\r\n" "\r\n", request, host); send(tcp_sock, http_request, strlen(http_request), 0); /* Parse server reply */ do read(tcp_sock, &c, sizeof(char)); while(c != ' '); read(tcp_sock, http_request, 4*sizeof(char)); http_request[4] = 0; if(strcmp(http_request, "200 ")) { fprintf(stderr, "http_open: "); do { read(tcp_sock, &c, sizeof(char)); fprintf(stderr, "%c", c); } while(c != '\r'); fprintf(stderr, "\n"); return(0); } return(tcp_sock); } endif endif void update(SDL_Surface *screen, Sint32 x, Sint32 y, Uint32 w, Uint32 h) { if ( screen-flags & SDL_DOUBLEBUF ) { SDL_Flip(screen); } } /* Flag telling the UI that the movie or song should be skipped */ int done; void next_movie(int sig) { done = 1; } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { int use_audio, use_video; int fullscreen; int scalesize; int scale_width, scale_height; int loop_play; int i, pause; int volume; Uint32 seek; float skip; int bilinear_filtering; SDL_Surface *screen; SMPEG *mpeg; SMPEG_Info info; char *basefile; SDL_version sdlver; SMPEG_version smpegver; int fd; char buf[32]; int status; printf("\nchecking command line options "); /* Get the command line options */ use_audio = 1; use_video = 1; fullscreen = 0; scalesize = 1; scale_width = 0; scale_height = 0; loop_play = 0; volume = 100; seek = 0; skip = 0; bilinear_filtering = 0; fd = 0; for ( i=1; argv[i] && (argv[i][0] == '-') && (argv[i][1] != 0); ++i ) { if ( strcmp(argv[i], "--fullscreen") == 0 ) { fullscreen = 1; } else if ((strcmp(argv[i], "--seek") == 0)||(strcmp(argv[i], "-S") == 0)) { ++i; if ( argv[i] ) { seek = atol(argv[i]); } } else if ((strcmp(argv[i], "--volume") == 0)||(strcmp(argv[i], "-v") == 0)) { ++i; if (i >= argc) { fprintf(stderr, "Please specify volume when using --volume or -v\n"); return(1); } if ( argv[i] ) { volume = atoi(argv[i]); } if ( ( volume < 0 ) || ( volume 100 ) ) { fprintf(stderr, "Volume must be between 0 and 100\n"); volume = 100; } } else { fprintf(stderr, "Warning: Unknown option: %s\n", argv[i]); } } printf("\nuse video = %d, use audio = %d\n",use_video, use_audio); printf("\ngoing to check input parameters\n"); if defined(linux) || defined(FreeBSD) /* Plaympeg doesn't need a mouse */ putenv("SDL_NOMOUSE=1"); endif /* Play the mpeg files! */ status = 0; for ( ; argv[i]; ++i ) { /* Initialize SDL */ if ( use_video ) { if ((SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO) < 0) || !SDL_VideoDriverName(buf, 1)) { fprintf(stderr, "Warning: Couldn't init SDL video: %s\n", SDL_GetError()); fprintf(stderr, "Will ignore video stream\n"); use_video = 0; } printf("\ninitialised video\n"); } if ( use_audio ) { if ((SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_AUDIO) < 0) || !SDL_AudioDriverName(buf, 1)) { fprintf(stderr, "Warning: Couldn't init SDL audio: %s\n", SDL_GetError()); fprintf(stderr, "Will ignore audio stream\n"); use_audio = 0; } } /* Allow Ctrl-C when there's no video output */ signal(SIGINT, next_movie); printf("\nchecking defined supports\n"); /* Create the MPEG stream */ ifdef NET_SUPPORT printf("\ndefined NET_SUPPORT\n"); ifdef HTTP_SUPPORT printf("\ndefined HTTP_SUPPORT\n"); /* Check if source is an http URL */ printf("\nabout to call http_open\n"); printf("\nhere we go\n"); if((fd = http_open(argv[i])) != 0) mpeg = SMPEG_new_descr(fd, &info, use_audio); else endif endif { if(strcmp(argv[i], "-") == 0) /* Use stdin for input */ mpeg = SMPEG_new_descr(0, &info, use_audio); else mpeg = SMPEG_new(argv[i], &info, use_audio); } if ( SMPEG_error(mpeg) ) { fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n", argv[i], SMPEG_error(mpeg)); SMPEG_delete(mpeg); status = -1; continue; } SMPEG_enableaudio(mpeg, use_audio); SMPEG_enablevideo(mpeg, use_video); SMPEG_setvolume(mpeg, volume); /* Print information about the video */ basefile = strrchr(argv[i], '/'); if ( basefile ) { ++basefile; } else { basefile = argv[i]; } if ( info.has_audio && info.has_video ) { printf("%s: MPEG system stream (audio/video)\n", basefile); } else if ( info.has_audio ) { printf("%s: MPEG audio stream\n", basefile); } else if ( info.has_video ) { printf("%s: MPEG video stream\n", basefile); } if ( info.has_video ) { printf("\tVideo %dx%d resolution\n", info.width, info.height); } if ( info.has_audio ) { printf("\tAudio %s\n", info.audio_string); } if ( info.total_size ) { printf("\tSize: %d\n", info.total_size); } if ( info.total_time ) { printf("\tTotal time: %f\n", info.total_time); } /* Set up video display if needed */ if ( info.has_video && use_video ) { const SDL_VideoInfo *video_info; Uint32 video_flags; int video_bpp; int width, height; /* Get the "native" video mode */ video_info = SDL_GetVideoInfo(); switch (video_info->vfmt->BitsPerPixel) { case 16: case 24: case 32: video_bpp = video_info->vfmt->BitsPerPixel; break; default: video_bpp = 16; break; } if ( scale_width ) { width = scale_width; } else { width = info.width; } width *= scalesize; if ( scale_height ) { height = scale_height; } else { height = info.height; } height *= scalesize; video_flags = SDL_SWSURFACE; if ( fullscreen ) { video_flags = SDL_FULLSCREEN|SDL_DOUBLEBUF|SDL_HWSURFACE; } video_flags |= SDL_ASYNCBLIT; video_flags |= SDL_RESIZABLE; screen = SDL_SetVideoMode(width, height, video_bpp, video_flags); if ( screen == NULL ) { fprintf(stderr, "Unable to set %dx%d video mode: %s\n", width, height, SDL_GetError()); continue; } SDL_WM_SetCaption(argv[i], "plaympeg"); if ( screen->flags & SDL_FULLSCREEN ) { SDL_ShowCursor(0); } SMPEG_setdisplay(mpeg, screen, NULL, update); SMPEG_scaleXY(mpeg, screen->w, screen->h); } else { SDL_QuitSubSystem(SDL_INIT_VIDEO); } /* Set any special playback parameters */ if ( loop_play ) { SMPEG_loop(mpeg, 1); } /* Seek starting position */ if(seek) SMPEG_seek(mpeg, seek); /* Skip seconds to starting position */ if(skip) SMPEG_skip(mpeg, skip); /* Play it, and wait for playback to complete */ SMPEG_play(mpeg); done = 0; pause = 0; while ( ! done && ( pause || (SMPEG_status(mpeg) == SMPEG_PLAYING) ) ) { SDL_Event event; while ( use_video && SDL_PollEvent(&event) ) { switch (event.type) { case SDL_VIDEORESIZE: { SDL_Surface *old_screen = screen; SMPEG_pause(mpeg); screen = SDL_SetVideoMode(event.resize.w, event.resize.h, screen->format->BitsPerPixel, screen->flags); if ( old_screen != screen ) { SMPEG_setdisplay(mpeg, screen, NULL, update); } SMPEG_scaleXY(mpeg, screen-w, screen-h); SMPEG_pause(mpeg); } break; case SDL_KEYDOWN: if ( (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_ESCAPE) || (event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_q) ) { // Quit done = 1; } else if ( event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RETURN ) { // toggle fullscreen if ( event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_ALT ) { SDL_WM_ToggleFullScreen(screen); fullscreen = (screen-flags & SDL_FULLSCREEN); SDL_ShowCursor(!fullscreen); } } else if ( event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_UP ) { // Volume up if ( volume < 100 ) { if ( event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_SHIFT ) { // 10+ volume += 10; } else if ( event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_CTRL ) { // 100+ volume = 100; } else { // 1+ volume++; } if ( volume 100 ) volume = 100; SMPEG_setvolume(mpeg, volume); } } else if ( event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_DOWN ) { // Volume down if ( volume 0 ) { if ( event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_SHIFT ) { volume -= 10; } else if ( event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_CTRL ) { volume = 0; } else { volume--; } if ( volume < 0 ) volume = 0; SMPEG_setvolume(mpeg, volume); } } else if ( event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_PAGEUP ) { // Full volume volume = 100; SMPEG_setvolume(mpeg, volume); } else if ( event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_PAGEDOWN ) { // Volume off volume = 0; SMPEG_setvolume(mpeg, volume); } else if ( event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_SPACE ) { // Toggle play / pause if ( SMPEG_status(mpeg) == SMPEG_PLAYING ) { SMPEG_pause(mpeg); pause = 1; } else { SMPEG_play(mpeg); pause = 0; } } else if ( event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_RIGHT ) { // Forward if ( event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_SHIFT ) { SMPEG_skip(mpeg, 100); } else if ( event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_CTRL ) { SMPEG_skip(mpeg, 50); } else { SMPEG_skip(mpeg, 5); } } else if ( event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_LEFT ) { // Reverse if ( event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_SHIFT ) { } else if ( event.key.keysym.mod & KMOD_CTRL ) { } else { } } else if ( event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_KP_MINUS ) { // Scale minus if ( scalesize > 1 ) { scalesize--; } } else if ( event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_KP_PLUS ) { // Scale plus scalesize++; } else if ( event.key.keysym.sym == SDLK_f ) { // Toggle filtering on/off if ( bilinear_filtering ) { SMPEG_Filter *filter = SMPEGfilter_null(); filter = SMPEG_filter( mpeg, filter ); filter-destroy(filter); bilinear_filtering = 0; } else { SMPEG_Filter *filter = SMPEGfilter_bilinear(); filter = SMPEG_filter( mpeg, filter ); filter-destroy(filter); bilinear_filtering = 1; } } break; case SDL_QUIT: done = 1; break; default: break; } } SDL_Delay(1000/2); } SMPEG_delete(mpeg); } SDL_Quit(); if defined(HTTP_SUPPORT) if(fd) close(fd); endif return(status); }

    Read the article

  • C -Segmentation fault !

    - by FILIaS
    It seems at least weird to me... The program runs normally.But after I call the enter() function for the 4th time,there is a segmentation fault!I would appreciate any help. With the following function enter() I wanna add user commands' datas to a list. [Some part of the code is already posted on another question of me, but I think I should post it again...as it's a different problem I'm facing now.] /* struct for all the datas that user enters on file*/ typedef struct catalog { char short_name[50]; char surname[50]; signed int amount; char description[1000]; struct catalog *next; }catalog,*catalogPointer; catalogPointer current; catalogPointer head = NULL; void enter(void) //user command: i <name> <surname> <amount> <description> { int n,j=2,k=0; char temp[1500]; char *short_name,*surname,*description; signed int amount; char* params = strchr(command,' ') + 1; //strchr returns a pointer to the 1st space on the command.U want a pointer to the char right after that space. strcpy(temp, params); //params is saved as temp. char *curToken = strtok(temp," "); //strtok cuts 'temp' into strings between the spaces and saves them to 'curToken' printf("temp is:%s \n",temp); printf("\nWhat you entered for saving:\n"); for (n = 0; curToken; ++n) //until curToken ends: { if (curToken) { short_name = malloc(strlen(curToken) + 1); strncpy(short_name, curToken, sizeof (short_name)); } printf("Short Name: %s \n",short_name); curToken = strtok(NULL," "); if (curToken) { surname = malloc(strlen(curToken) + 1); strncpy(surname, curToken,sizeof (surname)); } printf("SurName: %s \n",surname); curToken = strtok(NULL," "); if (curToken) { //int * amount= malloc(sizeof (signed int *)); char *chk; amount = (int) strtol(curToken, &chk, 10); if (!isspace(*chk) && *chk != 0) fprintf(stderr,"Warning: expected integer value for amount, received %s instead\n",curToken); } printf("Amount: %d \n",amount); curToken = strtok(NULL,"\0"); if (curToken) { description = malloc(strlen(curToken) + 1); strncpy(description, curToken, sizeof (description)); } printf("Description: %s \n",description); break; } if (findEntryExists(head, surname,short_name) != NULL) //call function in order to see if entry exists already on the catalog printf("\nAn entry for <%s %s> is already in the catalog!\nNew entry not entered.\n",short_name,surname); else { printf("\nTry to entry <%s %s %d %s> in the catalog list!\n",short_name,surname,amount,description); newEntry(&head,short_name,surname,amount,description); printf("\n**Entry done!**\n"); } // Maintain the list in alphabetical order by surname. } catalogPointer findEntryExists (catalogPointer head, char num[],char first[]) { catalogPointer p = head; while (p != NULL && strcmp(p->surname, num) != 0 && strcmp(p->short_name,first) != 0) { p = p->next; } return p; } catalogPointer newEntry (catalog** headRef,char short_name[], char surname[], signed int amount, char description[]) { catalogPointer newNode = (catalogPointer)malloc(sizeof(catalog)); catalogPointer first; catalogPointer second; catalogPointer tmp; first=head; second=NULL; strcpy(newNode->short_name, short_name); strcpy(newNode->surname, surname); newNode->amount=amount; strcpy(newNode->description, description); while (first!=NULL) { if (strcmp(surname,first->surname)>0) second=first; else if (strcmp(surname,first->surname)==0) { if (strcmp(short_name,first->short_name)>0) second=first; } first=first->next; } if (second==NULL) { newNode->next=head; head=newNode; } else //SEGMENTATION APPEARS WHEN IT GETS HERE! { tmp=second->next; newNode->next=tmp; first->next=newNode; } } UPDATE: SegFault appears only when it gets on the 'else' loop of InsertSort() function. I observed that segmentation fault appears when i try to put on the list names that are after it. For example, if in the list exists: [Name:b Surname:b Amount:6 Description:b] [Name:c Surname:c Amount:5 Description:c] [Name:d Surname:d Amount:4 Description:d] [Name:e Surname:e Amount:3 Description:e] [Name:g Surname:g Amount:2 Description:g] [Name:x Surname:x Amount:1 Description:x] and i put: " x z 77 gege" there is a segmentation but if i put "x a 77 gege" it continues normally....

    Read the article

  • C -Segmentation fault after the 4th call of the function!

    - by FILIaS
    It seems at least weird to me... The program runs normally.But after I call the enter() function for the 4th time,there is a segmentation fault!I would appreciate any help. With the following function enter() I wanna add user commands' datas to a list. [Some part of the code is already posted on another question of me, but I think I should post it again...as it's a different problem I'm facing now.] /* struct for all the datas that user enters on file*/ typedef struct catalog { char short_name[50]; char surname[50]; signed int amount; char description[1000]; struct catalog *next; }catalog,*catalogPointer; catalogPointer current; catalogPointer head = NULL; void enter(void) //user command: i <name> <surname> <amount> <description> { int n,j=2,k=0; char temp[1500]; char *short_name,*surname,*description; signed int amount; char* params = strchr(command,' ') + 1; //strchr returns a pointer to the 1st space on the command.U want a pointer to the char right after that space. strcpy(temp, params); //params is saved as temp. char *curToken = strtok(temp," "); //strtok cuts 'temp' into strings between the spaces and saves them to 'curToken' printf("temp is:%s \n",temp); printf("\nWhat you entered for saving:\n"); for (n = 0; curToken; ++n) //until curToken ends: { if (curToken) { short_name = malloc(strlen(curToken) + 1); strncpy(short_name, curToken, sizeof (short_name)); } printf("Short Name: %s \n",short_name); curToken = strtok(NULL," "); if (curToken) { surname = malloc(strlen(curToken) + 1); strncpy(surname, curToken,sizeof (surname)); } printf("SurName: %s \n",surname); curToken = strtok(NULL," "); if (curToken) { //int * amount= malloc(sizeof (signed int *)); char *chk; amount = (int) strtol(curToken, &chk, 10); if (!isspace(*chk) && *chk != 0) fprintf(stderr,"Warning: expected integer value for amount, received %s instead\n",curToken); } printf("Amount: %d \n",amount); curToken = strtok(NULL,"\0"); if (curToken) { description = malloc(strlen(curToken) + 1); strncpy(description, curToken, sizeof (description)); } printf("Description: %s \n",description); break; } if (findEntryExists(head, surname,short_name) != NULL) //call function in order to see if entry exists already on the catalog printf("\nAn entry for <%s %s> is already in the catalog!\nNew entry not entered.\n",short_name,surname); else { printf("\nTry to entry <%s %s %d %s> in the catalog list!\n",short_name,surname,amount,description); newEntry(&head,short_name,surname,amount,description); printf("\n**Entry done!**\n"); } // Maintain the list in alphabetical order by surname. } catalogPointer findEntryExists (catalogPointer head, char num[],char first[]) { catalogPointer p = head; while (p != NULL && strcmp(p->surname, num) != 0 && strcmp(p->short_name,first) != 0) { p = p->next; } return p; } catalogPointer newEntry (catalog** headRef,char short_name[], char surname[], signed int amount, char description[]) { catalogPointer newNode = (catalogPointer)malloc(sizeof(catalog)); catalogPointer first; catalogPointer second; catalogPointer tmp; first=head; second=NULL; strcpy(newNode->short_name, short_name); strcpy(newNode->surname, surname); newNode->amount=amount; strcpy(newNode->description, description); //SEGMENTATION ON THE 4TH RUN OF PROGRAM STOPS HERE depending on the names each time it gets! while (first!=NULL) { if (strcmp(surname,first->surname)>0) second=first; else if (strcmp(surname,first->surname)==0) { if (strcmp(short_name,first->short_name)>0) second=first; } first=first->next; } if (second==NULL) { newNode->next=head; head=newNode; } else { tmp=second->next; newNode->next=tmp; first->next=newNode; } }

    Read the article

  • Why is 0 false?

    - by Morwenn
    This question may sound dumb, but why does 0 evaluates to false and any other [integer] value to true is most of programming languages? String comparison Since the question seems a little bit too simple, I will explain myself a little bit more: first of all, it may seem evident to any programmer, but why wouldn't there be a programming language - there may actually be, but not any I used - where 0 evaluates to true and all the other [integer] values to false? That one remark may seem random, but I have a few examples where it may have been a good idea. First of all, let's take the example of strings three-way comparison, I will take C's strcmp as example: any programmer trying C as his first language may be tempted to write the following code: if (strcmp(str1, str2)) { // Do something... } Since strcmp returns 0 which evaluates to false when the strings are equal, what the beginning programmer tried to do fails miserably and he generally does not understand why at first. Had 0 evaluated to true instead, this function could have been used in its most simple expression - the one above - when comparing for equality, and the proper checks for -1 and 1 would have been done only when needed. We would have considered the return type as bool (in our minds I mean) most of the time. Moreover, let's introduce a new type, sign, that just takes values -1, 0 and 1. That can be pretty handy. Imagine there is a spaceship operator in C++ and we want it for std::string (well, there already is the compare function, but spaceship operator is more fun). The declaration would currently be the following one: sign operator<=>(const std::string& lhs, const std::string& rhs); Had 0 been evaluated to true, the spaceship operator wouldn't even exist, and we could have declared operator== that way: sign operator==(const std::string& lhs, const std::string& rhs); This operator== would have handled three-way comparison at once, and could still be used to perform the following check while still being able to check which string is lexicographically superior to the other when needed: if (str1 == str2) { // Do something... } Old errors handling We now have exceptions, so this part only applies to the old languages where no such thing exist (C for example). If we look at C's standard library (and POSIX one too), we can see for sure that maaaaany functions return 0 when successful and any integer otherwise. I have sadly seen some people do this kind of things: #define TRUE 0 // ... if (some_function() == TRUE) { // Here, TRUE would mean success... // Do something } If we think about how we think in programming, we often have the following reasoning pattern: Do something Did it work? Yes -> That's ok, one case to handle No -> Why? Many cases to handle If we think about it again, it would have made sense to put the only neutral value, 0, to yes (and that's how C's functions work), while all the other values can be there to solve the many cases of the no. However, in all the programming languages I know (except maybe some experimental esotheric languages), that yes evaluates to false in an if condition, while all the no cases evaluate to true. There are many situations when "it works" represents one case while "it does not work" represents many probable causes. If we think about it that way, having 0 evaluate to true and the rest to false would have made much more sense. Conclusion My conclusion is essentially my original question: why did we design languages where 0 is false and the other values are true, taking in account my few examples above and maybe some more I did not think of? Follow-up: It's nice to see there are many answers with many ideas and as many possible reasons for it to be like that. I love how passionate you seem to be about it. I originaly asked this question out of boredom, but since you seem so passionate, I decided to go a little further and ask about the rationale behind the Boolean choice for 0 and 1 on Math.SE :)

    Read the article

  • Problem when reading input in C

    - by gcx
    I've made a Linked List. Its elements keep both previous and next items' address. It gets commands from an input file. It detects the command and uses the following statement as a parameter. (text: add_to_front john - means: add_to_front(john)) Code: http://pastebin.com/KcAm1y3L When I try to give the commands from an input file it gives me same output over and over. However, if I write inputs in main() manually, it works. For ex input file: add_to_front john add_to_back jane add_to_back jane print (unfortunately) the output is: >add_to_front john >add_to_back jane >add_to_back jane >print jane jane jane Although, if I write add_to_front(john); add_to_back(jane); add_to_back(jane); print(); instead of this command check: while (scanf("%s",command)!=EOF) { if (strcmp(command,"add_to_front")==0) { gets(parameter); add_to_front(parameter); } else if (strcmp(command,"add_to_back")==0) { gets(parameter); add_to_back(parameter); } else if (strcmp(command,"remove_from_back")==0) remove_from_back(parameter); ... printf(" HUH?\n"); } } in main() it gives the correct output. I know it's a lot to ask but this thing is bothering me for 2 days. What do you think i'm doing wrong?

    Read the article

  • Better code for accessing fields in a matlab structure array?

    - by John
    I have a matlab structure array Modles1 of size (1x180) that has fields a, b, c, ..., z. I want to understand how many distinct values there are in each of the fields. i.e. max(grp2idx([foo(:).a])) The above works if the field a is a double. {foo(:).a} needs to be used in the case where the field a is a string/char. Here's my current code for doing this. I hate having to use the eval, and what is essentially a switch statement. Is there a better way? names = fieldnames(Models1); for ix = 1 : numel(names) className = eval(['class(Models1(1).',names{ix},')']); if strcmp('double', className) || strcmp('logical',className) eval([' values = [Models1(:).',names{ix},'];']); elseif strcmp('char', className) eval([' values = {Models1(:).',names{ix},'};']); else disp(['Unrecognized class: ', className]); end % this line requires the statistics toolbox. [g, gn, gl] = grp2idx(values); fprintf('%30s : %4d\n',names{ix},max(g)); end

    Read the article

  • Help with simple linux shell implementation

    - by nunos
    I am implementing a simple version of a linux shell in c. I have succesfully written the parser, but I am having some trouble forking out the child process. However, I think the problem is due to arrays, pointers and such, because just started C with this project and am not still very knowledgable with them. I am getting a segmentation fault and don't know where from. Any help is greatly appreciated. #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <string.h> #include <sys/wait.h> #include <sys/types.h> #define MAX_COMMAND_LENGTH 250 #define MAX_ARG_LENGTH 250 typedef enum {false, true} bool; typedef struct { char **arg; char *infile; char *outfile; int background; } Command_Info; int parse_cmd(char *cmd_line, Command_Info *cmd_info) { char *arg; char *args[MAX_ARG_LENGTH]; int i = 0; arg = strtok(cmd_line, " "); while (arg != NULL) { args[i] = arg; arg = strtok(NULL, " "); i++; } int num_elems = i; if (num_elems == 0) return -1; cmd_info->infile = NULL; cmd_info->outfile = NULL; cmd_info->background = 0; int iarg = 0; for (i = 0; i < num_elems-1; i++) { if (!strcmp(args[i], "<")) { if (args[i+1] != NULL) cmd_info->infile = args[++i]; else return -1; } else if (!strcmp(args[i], ">")) { if (args[i+1] != NULL) cmd_info->outfile = args[++i]; else return -1; } else cmd_info->arg[iarg++] = args[i]; } if (!strcmp(args[i], "&")) cmd_info->background = true; else cmd_info->arg[iarg++] = args[i]; cmd_info->arg[iarg] = NULL; return 0; } void print_cmd(Command_Info *cmd_info) { int i; for (i = 0; cmd_info->arg[i] != NULL; i++) printf("arg[%d]=\"%s\"\n", i, cmd_info->arg[i]); printf("arg[%d]=\"%s\"\n", i, cmd_info->arg[i]); printf("infile=\"%s\"\n", cmd_info->infile); printf("outfile=\"%s\"\n", cmd_info->outfile); printf("background=\"%d\"\n", cmd_info->background); } void get_cmd(char* str) { fgets(str, MAX_COMMAND_LENGTH, stdin); str[strlen(str)-1] = '\0'; //apaga o '\n' do fim } pid_t exec_simple(Command_Info *cmd_info) { pid_t pid = fork(); if (pid < 0) { perror("Fork Error"); return -1; } if (pid == 0) { execvp(cmd_info->arg[0], cmd_info->arg); perror(cmd_info->arg[0]); exit(1); } return pid; } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { while (true) { char cmd_line[MAX_COMMAND_LENGTH]; Command_Info cmd_info; printf(">>> "); get_cmd(cmd_line); if ( (parse_cmd(cmd_line, &cmd_info) == -1) ) return -1; parse_cmd(cmd_line, &cmd_info); if (!strcmp(cmd_info.arg[0], "exit")) exit(0); pid_t pid = exec_simple(&cmd_info); waitpid(pid, NULL, 0); } return 0; } Thanks.

    Read the article

  • Reading In A String and comparing it C

    - by ahref
    Im trying to create a C based string menu where a user inputs a command and then a block of code runs. Whatever i do the conditional is never true: char *input= ""; fgets(input, 50, stdin); printf("%s",input); printf("%d",strcmp( input,"arrive\0")); if(strcmp( input,"arrive\0")==0){.... Im fairly new to c and am finding strings really annoying. What am i doing wrong?

    Read the article

  • NSIS Check Textbox empty not working

    - by Hernán
    I'm trying to display a page in NSIS to obtain two different values. I want both to be not empty. The page actually displays altough I can't get my page leave function to check properly for empty fields. Function CCInstallOpts ReserveFile "cc_installopt.ini" !insertmacro MUI_INSTALLOPTIONS_EXTRACT "cc_installopt.ini" !insertmacro MUI_INSTALLOPTIONS_DISPLAY "cc_installopt.ini" FunctionEnd My page leave function where I validate fields (4 and 5 ) is : Function CCInstallOptsLeave Push $R0 Push $R1 !insertmacro MUI_INSTALLOPTIONS_READ $R0 "cc_installopt.ini" "Field4" "State" !insertmacro MUI_INSTALLOPTIONS_READ $R1 "cc_installopt.ini" "Field5" "State" StrCmp $R0 "" mustcomplete StrCmp $R1 "" mustcomplete StrCpy $CC_CyberID $R0 StrCpy $CC_VCode $R1 goto exitfunc mustcomplete: MessageBox MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION "Empty not allowed" Abort exitfunc: Pop $R1 Pop $R0 FunctionEnd Note that I want to store the entered values into $CC_VCode and $CC_CyberID variables to be later used on different files (I've defined both as:) Var /GLOBAL CC_VCode Var /GLOBAL CC_CyberID Thanks in advance.

    Read the article

  • pthread and recursively calling execvp in C

    - by eduke
    To begin I'm sorry for my english :) I looking for a way to create a thread each time my program finds a directory, in order to call the program itself but with a new argv[2] argument (which is the current dir). I did it successfully with fork() but with pthread I've some difficulties. I don't know if I can do something like that : #include <unistd.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <sys/wait.h> #include <dirent.h> int main(int argc, char **argv) { pthread_t threadID[10] = {0}; DIR * dir; struct dirent * entry; struct stat status; pthread_attr_t attr; pthread_attr_init(&attr); int i = 0; char *res; char *tmp; char *file; if(argc != 3) { printf("Usage : %s <file> <dir>\n", argv[0]); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } if(stat(argv[2],&status) == 0) { dir = opendir(argv[2]); file = argv[1]; } else exit(EXIT_FAILURE); while ((entry = readdir(dir))) { if (strcmp(entry->d_name, ".") && strcmp(entry->d_name, "..")) { tmp = malloc(strlen(argv[2]) + strlen(entry->d_name) + 2); strcpy(tmp, argv[2]); strcat(tmp, "/"); strcat(tmp, entry->d_name); stat(tmp, &status); if (S_ISDIR(status.st_mode)) { argv[2] = tmp; pthread_create( &threadID[i], &attr, execvp(argv[0], argv), NULL); printf("New thread created : %d", i); i++; } else if (!strcmp(entry->d_name, file)) { printf(" %s was found - Thread number = %d\n",tmp, i); break; } free(tmp); } } pthread_join( threadID[i] , &res ); exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); } Actually it doesn't works : pthread_create( &threadID[i], &attr, execvp(argv[0], argv), NULL); I have no runtime error, but when the file to find is in another directory, the thread is not created and so execvp(argv[0], argv) is not called... Thank you for you help, Simon

    Read the article

  • Calling cdecl Functions That Have Different Number of Arguments

    - by KlaxSmashing
    I have functions that I wish to call based on some input. Each function has different number of arguments. In other words, if (strcmp(str, "funcA") == 0) funcA(a, b, c); else if (strcmp(str, "funcB") == 0) funcB(d); else if (strcmp(str, "funcC") == 0) funcC(f, g); This is a bit bulky and hard to maintain. Ideally, these are variadic functions (e.g., printf-style) and can use varargs. But they are not. So exploiting the cdecl calling convention, I am stuffing the stack via a struct full of parameters. I'm wondering if there's a better way to do it. Note that this is strictly for in-house (e.g., simple tools, unit tests, etc.) and will not be used for any production code that might be subjected to malicious attacks. Example: #include <stdio.h> typedef struct __params { unsigned char* a; unsigned char* b; unsigned char* c; } params; int funcA(int a, int b) { printf("a = %d, b = %d\n", a, b); return a; } int funcB(int a, int b, const char* c) { printf("a = %d, b = %d, c = %s\n", a, b, c); return b; } int funcC(int* a) { printf("a = %d\n", *a); *a *= 2; return 0; } typedef int (*f)(params); int main(int argc, char**argv) { int val; int tmp; params myParams; f myFuncA = (f)funcA; f myFuncB = (f)funcB; f myFuncC = (f)funcC; myParams.a = (unsigned char*)100; myParams.b = (unsigned char*)200; val = myFuncA(myParams); printf("val = %d\n", val); myParams.c = (unsigned char*)"This is a test"; val = myFuncB(myParams); printf("val = %d\n", val); tmp = 300; myParams.a = (unsigned char*)&tmp; val = myFuncC(myParams); printf("a = %d, val = %d\n", tmp, val); return 0; } Output: gcc -o func func.c ./func a = 100, b = 200 val = 100 a = 100, b = 200, c = This is a test val = 200 a = 300 a = 600, val = 0

    Read the article

  • C++: conjunction of binds?

    - by Helltone
    Suppose the following two functions: #include <iostream> #include <cstdlib> // atoi #include <cstring> // strcmp #include <boost/bind.hpp> bool match1(const char* a, const char* b) { return (strcmp(a, b) == 0); } bool match2(int a, const char* b) { return (atoi(b) == a); } Each of these functions takes two arguments, but can be transformed into a callable object that takes only one argument by using (std/boost)bind. Something along the lines of: boost::bind(match1, "a test"); boost::bind(match2, 42); I want to be able to obtain, from two functions like these that take one argument and return bool, a callable object that takes two arguments and returns the && of the bools. The type of the arguments is arbitrary. Something like an operator&& for functions that return bool.

    Read the article

  • How to compare string with const char*?

    - by arzeth
    #include <stdlib.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <iostream> #include <string.h> using namespace std; int main() { string cmd; while(strcmp(cmd.c_str(),"exit")==0 && strcmp(cmd.c_str(),"\exit")==0) { cin>>cmd; cout<<cmd; } return 0; } I am stuck.

    Read the article

  • Why my shell program wont open the file got as argument in function "cat"

    - by anna karenina
    I included the code below, sorry to bother you with so much code. Argument parsing is ok, i checked it out with watches. I've put some printfs to check out where the problem may be and it seems that it wont open the file cat receives as argument. i called from shell like "cat -b file" #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <string.h> #define TRUE 0 #define FALSE 1 void yes(int argc, char *argv[]); int cat(int argc, char *argv[]); //#include "cat.h" //#include "yes.h" //#include"tee.h" char buf[50],c[10], *p2,*p, *pch; int count; char *matrix[20]; void yes(int argc, char *argv[]) { int i; // if (argc >= 2 && *argv[1] == '-') // { //printf("ERROR!"); //} //if (argc == 1) // { while (1) if (puts("y") == EOF) { perror("yes"); exit(FALSE); } // } while (1) for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) if (fputs(argv[i], stdout) == EOF || putchar(i == argc - 1 ? '\n' : ' ') == EOF) { perror("yes"); exit(FALSE); } //exit(TRUE); } int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { //p=(char *)malloc(sizeof(char)*50); do { fprintf (stderr, "$ "); fgets (buf,50,stdin); p=buf; fprintf (stderr, "Comanda primita de la tastatura: "); fputs (buf, stderr); int i=0,j=0; //strcpy(p,buf); strcpy(c,"\0"); while (buf[i] == ' ') { i++; p++; } if (buf[i] == '#') fprintf (stderr, "Nici o comanda, ci e un comentariu!\n"); else { j=0; while (buf[i] != ' ' && buf[i] != '\n') { i++; j++; } strncpy (c,p,j); fprintf (stderr, "%s\n",c); if (strcmp (c,"yes") == 0) { p2 = p+j+1; pch = strtok (p2," "); count = 0; while (pch != NULL) { //printf ("%s\n",pch); matrix[count] = strdup(pch); pch = strtok (NULL, " "); count++; } yes(count, matrix); fprintf (stderr, "Aici se va executa comanda yes\n"); } else if (strcmp (c,"cat") == 0) { p2 = p+j+1; pch = strtok (p2," "); count = 0; while (pch != NULL) { //printf ("%s\n",pch); matrix[count] = strdup(pch); pch = strtok (NULL, " "); count++; } cat(count,matrix); fprintf (stderr, "Aici se va executa comanda cat \n"); } else if (strcmp (c,"tee") == 0) { //tee(); fprintf(stderr, "Aici se va executa comanda tee\n"); } fprintf (stderr, "Aici se va executa comanda basename\n"); strcpy(buf,"\0"); } } while (strcmp(c, "exit") != 0); fprintf (stderr, "Terminat corect!\n"); return 0; } int cat(int argc, char *argv[]) { int c ; opterr = 0 ; optind = 0 ; char number = 0; char squeeze = 0; char marker = 0; fprintf(stderr,"SALUT< SUNT IN FUNCTIZE>\n"); while ((c = getopt (argc, argv, "bnsE")) != -1) switch (c) { case 'b' : number = 1; break; case 'n' : number = 2; break; case 'm' : marker = 1; break; case 's' : squeeze = 1; break; case 'E' : marker = 1; break; } if (optind + 1 != argc) { fprintf (stderr, "\tWrong arguments!\n") ; return -1 ; } FILE * fd = fopen (argv[optind], "r"); printf("am deschis fisierul %s ",argv[optind]); if (fd == NULL) { printf("FISIER NULL asdasdasdasdasd"); return 1; } char line[1025]; int line_count = 1; while (!feof(fd)) { fgets(line, 1025, fd); printf("sunt in while :> %s",line); int len = strlen(line); if (line[len - 1] == '\n') { if(len - 2 >= 0) { if(line[len - 2] == '\r') { line[len - 2] = '\0'; len -= 2; } else { line[len - 1] = '\0'; len -= 1; } } else { line[len - 1] = '\0'; len -= 1; } } if (squeeze == 1 && len == 0) continue; if (number == 1) { fprintf (stdout, "%4d ", line_count); line_count++; } else if (number == 2) { if (len > 0) { fprintf (stdout, "%4d ", line_count); line_count++; } else fprintf (stdout, " "); } fprintf(stdout, "%s", line); if (marker == 1) fprintf(stdout, "$"); fprintf(stdout, "\n"); } fclose (fd); return 0 ; }

    Read the article

  • Submit a form by code

    - by user1440235
    I am trying to programmatically submit a form but get an error that says: SCRIPT5007: Unable to get value of the property 'submit': object is null or undefined verify1.php, line 9 character 5 Can anyone see what I am doing wrong? Here is the code: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>Untitled Document</title> <script type="text/javascript"> function submitform() { document.getElementById("repeatForm").submit(); } </script> </head> <body> <?php require_once('recaptchalib.php'); $privatekey = "6Ld1N9ISAAAAAB_lXt0Es0muh2cfikSgVrUP4ZXh"; $resp = recaptcha_check_answer ($privatekey, $_SERVER["REMOTE_ADDR"], $_POST["recaptcha_challenge_field"], $_POST["recaptcha_response_field"]); if (!$resp->is_valid) { // What happens when the CAPTCHA was entered incorrectly echo '<script language="JavaScript">submitform();</script>'; ; /*echo "<script>window.location.href = 'Information-Request-Voodoo-Websites.php';</script>";*/ } else { echo "<script>window.location.href = 'Confirm-Information-Request.html';</script>"; // Your code here to handle a successful verification } ?> <?php if (isset($_POST['name2'])) $_SESSION['name2'] =$_POST['name2']; if (isset($_POST['phone'])) $_SESSION['phone'] =$_POST['phone']; if (isset($_POST['email'])) $_SESSION['email'] =$_POST['email']; if (isset($_POST['company'])) $_SESSION['company'] =$_POST['company']; if (isset($_POST['pages'])) $_SESSION['pages'] =$_POST['pages']; if (isset($_POST['shopping'])) $_SESSION['shopping'] =$_POST['shopping']; if (isset($_POST['new'])) $_SESSION['new'] =$_POST['new']; if (isset($_POST['general'])) $_SESSION['general'] =$_POST['general']; if (isset($_POST['respond'])) $_SESSION['respond'] =$_POST['respond']; ?> <form id="repeatForm" action="Information-Request-Voodoo-Websites.php" method="post"> <span name="sprytextfield1"> <label for="name2">Please enter your name:</label> <input name="name" type="text" class="inputTextBoxFormat" id="name2" value="<?php echo((isset($_POST["name"]))?$_POST["name"]:"") ?>" size="30" /> <span class="textfieldRequiredMsg">A value is required.</span></span> <p><span id="sprytextfield2"> <label for="phone">Please enter your phone number:</label> <input name="phone" type="text" class="inputTextBoxFormat" id="phone" value="<?php echo((isset($_POST["phone"]))?$_POST["phone"]:"") ?>" /> <span class="textfieldRequiredMsg">A value is required.</span></span></p> <p><span id="sprytextfield3"> <label for="email">Please enter your email address:</label> <input name="email" type="text" class="inputTextBoxFormat" id="email" value="<?php echo((isset($_POST["email"]))?$_POST["email"]:"") ?>" size="40" /> <span class="textfieldRequiredMsg">A value is required.</span><span class="textfieldInvalidFormatMsg">Invalid format.</span></span></p> <p><span id="sprytextarea1"> <label for="company">Enter a brief description of your company:</label> <br /> <textarea name="company" cols="65" rows="3" class="inputTextBoxFormat" id="company"><?php echo((isset($_POST["company"]))?$_POST["company"]:"") ?></textarea> <span class="textareaRequiredMsg">A value is required.</span></span></p> <p>Anticipated number of pages:<span id="sprytextfield4"> <label for="pages"></label> <input name="pages" type="text" class="inputTextBoxFormat" id="pages" value="<?php echo((isset($_POST["pages"]))?$_POST["pages"]:"") ?>" size="7" /> <span class="textfieldRequiredMsg">A value is required.</span></span><span id="spryselect1"> <label for="shopping">Shopping cart required?</label> <select name="shopping" class="inputTextBoxFormat" id="shopping"> <option value="yes">yes</option> <option value="no">no</option> </select> <span class="selectRequiredMsg">Please select an item.</span></span></p> <p><span id="spryselect2"> <label for="new">Does this work concern a new or existing web site?</label> <select name="new" class="inputTextBoxFormat" id="new"> <option value="existing" <?php if (!(strcmp("existing", ((isset($_POST["new"]))?$_POST["new"]:"")))) {echo "selected=\"selected\"";} ?>>existing</option> <option value="new" <?php if (!(strcmp("new", ((isset($_POST["new"]))?$_POST["new"]:"")))) {echo "selected=\"selected\"";} ?>>new</option> </select> <span class="selectRequiredMsg">Please select an item.</span></span></p> <p><span id="sprytextarea2"> <label for="general">Add any additiional comments here or ask questions. </label> <textarea name="general" cols="65" rows="4" class="inputTextBoxFormat" id="general"><?php echo((isset($_POST["general"]))?$_POST["general"]:"") ?></textarea> </span></p> <p><span id="spryselect3"> <label for="respond">How would you like us to respond?</label> <select name="respond" class="inputTextBoxFormat" id="respond"> <option value="email" <?php if (!(strcmp("email", ((isset($_POST["respond"]))?$_POST["respond"]:"")))) {echo "selected=\"selected\"";} ?>>email</option> <option value="phone" <?php if (!(strcmp("phone", ((isset($_POST["respond"]))?$_POST["respond"]:"")))) {echo "selected=\"selected\"";} ?>>phone</option> </select> <input type="submit" name="formSubmit" value="Submit" /> </form> </body> </html>

    Read the article

  • Make file Linking issue Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64

    - by user1035839
    I am working on getting a few files to link together using my make file and c++ and am getting the following error when running make. g++ -bind_at_load `pkg-config --cflags opencv` -c -o compute_gist.o compute_gist.cpp g++ -bind_at_load `pkg-config --cflags opencv` -c -o gist.o gist.cpp g++ -bind_at_load `pkg-config --cflags opencv` -c -o standalone_image.o standalone_image.cpp g++ -bind_at_load `pkg-config --cflags opencv` -c -o IplImageConverter.o IplImageConverter.cpp g++ -bind_at_load `pkg-config --cflags opencv` -c -o GistCalculator.o GistCalculator.cpp g++ -bind_at_load `pkg-config --cflags opencv` `pkg-config --libs opencv` compute_gist.o gist.o standalone_image.o IplImageConverter.o GistCalculator.o -o rungist Undefined symbols for architecture x86_64: "color_gist_scaletab(color_image_t*, int, int, int const*)", referenced from: _main in compute_gist.o ld: symbol(s) not found for architecture x86_64 collect2: ld returned 1 exit status make: *** [rungist] Error 1 My makefile is as follows (Note, I don't need opencv bindings yet, but will be coding in opencv later. CXX = g++ CXXFLAGS = -bind_at_load `pkg-config --cflags opencv` LFLAGS = `pkg-config --libs opencv` SRC = \ compute_gist.cpp \ gist.cpp \ standalone_image.cpp \ IplImageConverter.cpp \ GistCalculator.cpp OBJS = $(SRC:.cpp=.o) rungist: $(OBJS) $(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(LFLAGS) $(OBJS) -o $@ all: rungist clean: rm -rf $(OBJS) rungist The method header is located in gist.h float *color_gist_scaletab(color_image_t *src, int nblocks, int n_scale, const int *n_orientations); And the method is defined in gist.cpp float *color_gist_scaletab(color_image_t *src, int w, int n_scale, const int *n_orientation) { And finally the compute_gist.cpp (main file) #include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include "gist.h" static color_image_t *load_ppm(const char *fname) { FILE *f=fopen(fname,"r"); if(!f) { perror("could not open infile"); exit(1); } int width,height,maxval; if(fscanf(f,"P6 %d %d %d",&width,&height,&maxval)!=3 || maxval!=255) { fprintf(stderr,"Error: input not a raw PPM with maxval 255\n"); exit(1); } fgetc(f); /* eat the newline */ color_image_t *im=color_image_new(width,height); int i; for(i=0;i<width*height;i++) { im->c1[i]=fgetc(f); im->c2[i]=fgetc(f); im->c3[i]=fgetc(f); } fclose(f); return im; } static void usage(void) { fprintf(stderr,"compute_gist options... [infilename]\n" "infile is a PPM raw file\n" "options:\n" "[-nblocks nb] use a grid of nb*nb cells (default 4)\n" "[-orientationsPerScale o_1,..,o_n] use n scales and compute o_i orientations for scale i\n" ); exit(1); } int main(int argc,char **args) { const char *infilename="/dev/stdin"; int nblocks=4; int n_scale=3; int orientations_per_scale[50]={8,8,4}; while(*++args) { const char *a=*args; if(!strcmp(a,"-h")) usage(); else if(!strcmp(a,"-nblocks")) { if(!sscanf(*++args,"%d",&nblocks)) { fprintf(stderr,"could not parse %s argument",a); usage(); } } else if(!strcmp(a,"-orientationsPerScale")) { char *c; n_scale=0; for(c=strtok(*++args,",");c;c=strtok(NULL,",")) { if(!sscanf(c,"%d",&orientations_per_scale[n_scale++])) { fprintf(stderr,"could not parse %s argument",a); usage(); } } } else { infilename=a; } } color_image_t *im=load_ppm(infilename); //Here's the method call -> :( float *desc=color_gist_scaletab(im,nblocks,n_scale,orientations_per_scale); int i; int descsize=0; //compute descriptor size for(i=0;i<n_scale;i++) descsize+=nblocks*nblocks*orientations_per_scale[i]; descsize*=3; // color //print descriptor for(i=0;i<descsize;i++) printf("%.4f ",desc[i]); printf("\n"); free(desc); color_image_delete(im); return 0; } Any help would be greatly appreciated. I hope this is enough info. Let me know if I need to add more.

    Read the article

< Previous Page | 1 2 3 4 5 6 7  | Next Page >