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  • Broadcast-style Bluetooth using Sockets on the iPhone?

    - by Kyle
    Is there any way to open a broadcast bluetooth socket, take a listen and send replies? I want a proper peer to peer system where I broadcast and listen for broadcasts in an area. That way, variable clients can mingle. Is this possible? My theory is this: If GameKit can sit around wasting 25 seconds of the users time whilst having access to a broadcast socket, can't I? Or, must I be in kernel mode for such access? I'm not really sure where the proper bluetooth headers are as well. Thanks for reading!

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  • Basic questions about SNMP

    - by David Hodgson
    Hi, I'm learning about SNMP, and writing some applications using it. I have some basic questions about the protocol: Do the agents store its state on the device itself? If there is a trap set on an agent, can you do a poll on the same OID to get the same information? Without using a mib file, is there a way to query a device for all of its information at once? If not, and you're writing your own customized manager, do you have to know the structure of what it reports up front? If you're setting up an agent to report, is there usually a way to control the frequency of how often it sends a trap? Or does it usually send a trap as often as some condition is satisfied?

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  • Where are the real risks in network security?

    - by Barry Brown
    Anytime a username/password authentication is used, the common wisdom is to protect the transport of that data using encryption (SSL, HTTPS, etc). But that leaves the end points potentially vulnerable. Realistically, which is at greater risk of intrusion? Transport layer: Compromised via wireless packet sniffing, malicious wiretapping, etc. Transport devices: Risks include ISPs and Internet backbone operators sniffing data. End-user device: Vulnerable to spyware, key loggers, shoulder surfing, and so forth. Remote server: Many uncontrollable vulnerabilities including malicious operators, break-ins resulting in stolen data, physically heisting servers, backups kept in insecure places, and much more. My gut reaction is that although the transport layer is relatively easy to protect via SSL, the risks in the other areas are much, much greater, especially at the end points. For example, at home my computer connects directly to my router; from there it goes straight to my ISPs routers and onto the Internet. I would estimate the risks at the transport level (both software and hardware) at low to non-existant. But what security does the server I'm connected to have? Have they been hacked into? Is the operator collecting usernames and passwords, knowing that most people use the same information at other websites? Likewise, has my computer been compromised by malware? Those seem like much greater risks. What do you think?

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  • How to perform FST (Finite State Transducer) composition

    - by Tasbeer
    Consider the following FSTs : T1 0 1 a : b 0 2 b : b 2 3 b : b 0 0 a : a 1 3 b : a T2 0 1 b : a 1 2 b : a 1 1 a : d 1 2 a : c How do I perform the composition operation on these two FSTs (i.e. T1 o T2) I saw some algorithms but couldn't understand much. If anyone could explain it in a easy way it would be a major help. Please note that this is NOT a homework. The example is taken from the lecture slides where the solution is given but I couldn't figure out how to get to it.

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  • Multiple Socket Connections

    - by BSchlinker
    I need to write a server which accepts connections from multiple client machines, maintains track of connected clients and sends individual clients data as necessary. Sometimes, all clients may be contacted at once with the same message, other times, it may be one individual client or a group of clients. Since I need confirmation that the clients received the information and don't want to build an ACK structure for a UDP connection, I decided to use a TCP streaming method. However, I've been struggling to understand how to maintain multiple connections and keep them idle. I seem to have three options. Use a fork for each incoming connection to create a separate child process, use pthread_create to create an entire new thread for each process, or use select() to wait on all open socket IDs for a connection. Recommendations as to how to attack this? I've begun working with pthreads but since performance will likely not be an issue, multicore processing is not necessary and perhaps there is a simpler way.

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  • Java NIO SocketChannel writing problem

    - by Nilesh
    I am using Java NIO's SocketChannel to write : int n = socketChannel.write(byteBuffer); Most of the times the data is sent in one or two parts; i.e. if the data could not be sent in one attemmpt, remaining data is retried. The issue here is, sometimes, the data is not being sent completely in one attempt, rest of the data when tried to send multiple times, it occurs that even after trying several times, not a single character is being written to channel, finally after some time the remaning data is sent. What could be the cause of such behaviour? Could external factors such as RAM, etc cause the hindarance? Please help me solve this issue. If any other information is required please let me know. Thanks

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  • Machine Learning Algorithm for Parallel Nodes

    - by FreshCode
    I want to apply machine learning to a classification problem in a parallel environment. Several independent nodes, each with multiple on/off sensors, can communicate their sensor data with the goal of classifying an event defined by a heuristic, training data or both. Each peer will be measuring the same data from their unique perspective and will attempt to classify the result while taking into account that any neighbouring node (or its sensors or just the connection to the node) could be faulty. Nodes should function as equal peers and determine the most likely classification by communicating their results. Ultimately each node should make a decision based on their own sensor data and their peers' data. If it matters, false positives are OK (albeit undesirable) but false negatives are totally unacceptable. Given that each final classification will receive good or bad feedback, what would be an appropriate machine learning algorithm to approach this problem with if the nodes could communicate with each other to determine the most likely classification?

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  • What is the right approach to checksumming UDP packets

    - by mr.b
    I'm building UDP server application in C#. I've come across a packet checksum problem. As you probably know, each packet should carry some simple way of telling receiver if packet data is intact. Now, UDP already has 2-byte checksum as part of header, which is optional, at least in IPv4 world. Alternative method is to have custom checksum as part of data section in each packet, and to verify it on receiver. My question boils down to: is it better to rely on (optional) checksum in UDP packet header, or to make a custom checksum implementation as part of packet data section? Perhaps the right answer depends on circumstances (as usual), so one circumstance here is that, even though code is written and developed in .NET on Windows, it might have to run under platform-independent Mono.NET, so eventual solution should be compatible with other platforms. I believe that custom checksum algorithm would be easily portable, but I'm not so sure about the first one. Any thoughts? Also, shouts about packet checksumming in general are welcome.

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  • Reinforcement learning And POMDP

    - by Betamoo
    I am trying to use Multi-Layer NN to implement probability function in Partially Observable Markov Process.. I thought inputs to the NN would be: current state, selected action, result state; The output is a probability in [0,1] (prob. that performing selected action on current state will lead to result state) In training, I fed the inputs stated before, into the NN, and I taught it the output=1.0 for each case that already occurred. The problem : For nearly all test case the output probability is near 0.95.. no output was under 0.9 ! Even for nearly impossible results, it gave that high prob. PS:I think this is because I taught it happened cases only, but not un-happened ones.. But I can not at each step in the episode teach it the output=0.0 for every un-happened action! Any suggestions how to over come this problem? Or may be another way to use NN or to implement prob function? Thanks

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  • Installing ant; clearly misunderstanding JAVA_HOME

    - by StormShadow
    Hey all, I am installing ant on a Windows XP machine, and am following the instructions at Apache's manual site. It said to set JAVA_HOME, so I checked, saw there was no environment variable named JAVA_HOME, made one, and set it to "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.6.0_19" When I try to run ant debug, however, it tells me that JAVA_HOME is currently set to "C:\Program Files\Java\jre6" I'm guessing JAVA_HOME isn't an environment variable. But if it isn't one, I'm at a loss as to where to start looking for it. Anybody know? Edit: Oh yeah - it's bugging me for tools.jar as well, but I'm guessing that when I fix the JAVA_HOME issue, that will help the terminal find tools.jar as well. Or maybe I'm wrong. Thanks

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  • Rewriting Live TCP Streams

    - by user213060
    I want to rewrite TCP/IP streams. Ettercap's etterfilter command lets you perform simple live replacements of TCP/IP data based on fixed strings or regexes. Example: http://ettercap.sourceforge.net/forum/viewtopic.php?t=2833 I would like to rewrite streams based on my own filter program instead of just simple string replacements. Anyone have an idea of how to do this? Is there anything other than Ettercap that can do live replacement like this, maybe as a plugin to a VPN software or something? Thanks!

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  • Entropy using Decision Tree's

    - by Matt Clements
    Train a decision tree on the data represented by attributes A1, A2, A3 and outcome C described below: A1 A2 A3 C 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 For log2(1/3) = 1.6 and log2(2/3) = 0.6, answer the following questions: a) What is the value of entropy H for the given set of training example? b) What is the portion of the positive samples split by attribute A2? c) What is the value of information gain, G(A2), of attribute A2? d) What is IFTHEN rule(s) for the decision tree?

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  • How to File Transfer client to Server?

    - by Phsika
    i try to recieve a file from server but give me error on server.Start() ERROR : In a manner not permitted by the access permissions to access a socket was attempted to How can i solve it? private void btn_Recieve_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { TcpListener server = null; // Set the TcpListener on port 13000. Int32 port = 13000; IPAddress localAddr = IPAddress.Parse("192.168.1.201"); // TcpListener server = new TcpListener(port); server = new TcpListener(localAddr, port); // Start listening for client requests. server.Start(); // Buffer for reading data Byte[] bytes = new Byte[277577]; String data; data = null; // Perform a blocking call to accept requests. // You could also user server.AcceptSocket() here. TcpClient client = server.AcceptTcpClient(); NetworkStream stream = client.GetStream(); int i; i = stream.Read(bytes, 0, 277577); BinaryWriter writer = new BinaryWriter(File.Open("GoodLuckToMe.jpg", FileMode.Create)); writer.Write(bytes); writer.Close(); client.Close(); }

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  • How can I interrupt a ServerSocket accept() method?

    - by lukeo05
    Hi, In my main thread I have a while(listening) loop which calls accept() on my ServerSocket object, then starts a new client thread and adds it to a Collection when a new client is accepted. I also have an Admin thread which I want to use to issue commands, like 'exit', which will cause all the client threads to be shut down, shut itself down, and shut down the main thread, by turning listening to false. However, the accept() call in the while(listening) loop blocks, and there doesn't seem to be any way to interrupt it, so the while condition cannot be checked again and the program cannot exit! Is there a better way to do this? Or some way to interrupt the blocking method? Thanks!

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  • Is there a service for monitoring secured WCF endpoints in the same way that HTTP monitoring service

    - by Ryan ONeill
    Hi all, A service I have in WCF occasionally goes down due a problem with a COM component. While I am troubleshooting I would like to setup another host to make regular calls to this service to monitor availability. It is slightly more complicated that a simple HTTP call though as the service is secured by SSL and WCF authentication (username / password). I'd also like to be able to parse successful calls to see if they return warning / fail states from my code. Would you recommend any monitoring providers for this or is it beyond the simple monitoring they normally provide? Regards Ryan

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  • packet mmap send packet format

    - by SeregASM
    I want to improve packet transmitting performance. Before that I used raw sockets and now I study packet_mmap. I have packets(frames) which I already captured from kernel module from another PC, put to current PC and now I want to retransmit them to local interface with following forwarding. I have got example of packet_mmap, integrated it to my project, but I send fd_socket = socket(PF_PACKET, SOCK_RAW, htons(ETH_P_ALL)); memset(&my_addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_ll)); my_addr.sll_family = PF_PACKET; my_addr.sll_protocol = htons(ETH_P_ALL); strcpy(str_devname, "eth0"); strncpy(s_ifr.ifr_name, str_devname, sizeof(s_ifr.ifr_name)); ec = ioctl(fd_socket, SIOCGIFINDEX, &s_ifr); i_ifindex = s_ifr.ifr_ifindex; memset(&my_addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr_ll)); my_addr.sll_family = AF_PACKET; my_addr.sll_protocol = ETH_P_ALL; my_addr.sll_ifindex = i_ifindex; bind(fd_socket, (struct sockaddr *) &my_addr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_ll) s_packet_req.tp_block_size = c_buffer_sz; s_packet_req.tp_frame_size = c_buffer_sz; s_packet_req.tp_block_nr = c_buffer_nb; s_packet_req.tp_frame_nr = c_buffer_nb; size = s_packet_req.tp_block_size * s_packet_req.tp_block_nr; if (setsockopt(fd_socket, SOL_PACKET, PACKET_TX_RING, (char *) &s_packet_req, sizeof(s_packet_req)) < 0) { perror("setsockopt: PACKET_TX_RING"); return; } if (c_sndbuf_sz) { printf("send buff size = %d\n", c_sndbuf_sz); if (setsockopt(fd_socket, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &c_sndbuf_sz, sizeof(c_sndbuf_sz)) < 0){ perror("getsockopt: SO_SNDBUF"); exit(1); } } data_offset = TPACKET_HDRLEN - sizeof(struct sockaddr_ll); printf("data offset = %d bytes\n", data_offset); ps_header_start = (tpacket_hdr *) mmap(0, size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd_socket, 0); if (ps_header_start == (void*) -1) { perror("mmap"); exit(1); } Then I fill data ps_header = ((struct tpacket_hdr *) ((char *) ps_header_start + (c_buffer_sz * i_index))); if (!ps_header) { perror("ps_header") ; return NULL; } data = ((char*) ps_header) + data_offset; switch ((volatile uint32_t) ps_header->tp_status) { case TP_STATUS_AVAILABLE: printf("TP_STATUS_AVAILABLE, index=%d\n",i_index) ; memcpy(data, packet_data, size); pthread_mutex_lock(&index_locker) ; i_index++; pthread_mutex_unlock(&index_locker) ; if (i_index >= c_buffer_nb) { i_index = 0; first_loop = 0; } /* update packet len */ ps_header->tp_len = size; /* set header flag to USER (trigs xmit)*/ ps_header->tp_status = TP_STATUS_SEND_REQUEST; then I send ec_send = sendto(fd_socket, NULL, 0, 0, (struct sockaddr *) ps_sockaddr, sizeof(struct sockaddr_ll)); I have got no errors, ec_send=not null size of sended data. But there are no data routed to destination host. So, I ask - what data I should pass to ring buffer, now I include headers ip,tcp, should I include MAC header? - May be I have to set additional flags to route my packets.

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  • Odd performance with C# Asynchronous server socket

    - by The.Anti.9
    I'm working on a web server in C# and I have it running on Asynchronous socket calls. The weird thing is that for some reason, when you start loading pages, the 3rd request is where the browser won't connect. It just keeps saying "Connecting..." and doesn't ever stop. If I hit stop. and then refresh, it will load again, but if I try another time after that it does the thing where it doesn't load again. And it continues in that cycle. I'm not really sure what is making it do that. The code is kind of hacked together from a couple of examples and some old code I had. Any miscellaneous tips would be helpful as well. Heres my little Listener class that handles everything (pastied here. thought it might be easier to read this way) using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Net; using System.Net.Sockets; using System.Text; using System.Threading; namespace irek.Server { public class Listener { private int port; private Socket server; private Byte[] data = new Byte[2048]; static ManualResetEvent allDone = new ManualResetEvent(false); public Listener(int _port) { port = _port; } public void Run() { server = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp); IPEndPoint iep = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, port); server.Bind(iep); Console.WriteLine("Server Initialized."); server.Listen(5); Console.WriteLine("Listening..."); while (true) { allDone.Reset(); server.BeginAccept(new AsyncCallback(AcceptCon), server); allDone.WaitOne(); } } private void AcceptCon(IAsyncResult iar) { allDone.Set(); Socket s = (Socket)iar.AsyncState; Socket s2 = s.EndAccept(iar); SocketStateObject state = new SocketStateObject(); state.workSocket = s2; s2.BeginReceive(state.buffer, 0, SocketStateObject.BUFFER_SIZE, 0, new AsyncCallback(Read), state); } private void Read(IAsyncResult iar) { try { SocketStateObject state = (SocketStateObject)iar.AsyncState; Socket s = state.workSocket; int read = s.EndReceive(iar); if (read > 0) { state.sb.Append(Encoding.ASCII.GetString(state.buffer, 0, read)); if (s.Available > 0) { s.BeginReceive(state.buffer, 0, SocketStateObject.BUFFER_SIZE, 0, new AsyncCallback(Read), state); return; } } if (state.sb.Length > 1) { string requestString = state.sb.ToString(); // HANDLE REQUEST HERE // Temporary response string resp = "<h1>It Works!</h1>"; string head = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nContent-Type: text/html;\r\nServer: irek\r\nContent-Length:"+resp.Length+"\r\n\r\n"; byte[] answer = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(head+resp); // end temp. state.workSocket.BeginSend(answer, 0, answer.Length, SocketFlags.None, new AsyncCallback(Send), state.workSocket); } } catch (Exception) { return; } } private void Send(IAsyncResult iar) { try { SocketStateObject state = (SocketStateObject)iar.AsyncState; int sent = state.workSocket.EndSend(iar); state.workSocket.Shutdown(SocketShutdown.Both); state.workSocket.Close(); } catch (Exception) { } return; } } } And my SocketStateObject: public class SocketStateObject { public Socket workSocket = null; public const int BUFFER_SIZE = 1024; public byte[] buffer = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE]; public StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); }

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  • Middleware with generic communication media layer

    - by Tom
    Greetings all, I'm trying to implement middleware (driver) for an embedded device with generic communication media layer. Not sure what is the best way to do it so I'm seeking an advice from more experienced stackoverflow users:). Basically we've got devices around the country communicating with our servers (or a pda/laptop in used in field). Usual form of communication is over TCP/IP, but could be also using usb, RF dongle, IR, etc. The plan is to have object corresponding with each of these devices, handling the proprietary protocol on one side and requests/responses from other internal systems on the other. The thing is how create something generic in between the media and the handling objects. I had a play around with the TCP dispatcher using boost.asio but trying to create something generic seems like a nightmare :). Anybody tried to do something like that? What is the best way how to do it? Example: Device connects to our Linux server. New middleware instance is created (on the server) which announces itself to one of the running services (details are not important). The service is responsible for making sure that device's time is synchronized. So it asks the middleware what is the device's time, driver translates it to device language (protocol) and sends the message, device responses and driver again translates it for the service. This might seem as a bit overkill for such a simple request but imagine there are more complex requests which the driver must translate, also there are several versions of the device which use different protocol, etc. but would use the same time sync service. The goal is to abstract the devices through the drivers to be able to use the same service to communicate with them. Another example: we find out that the remote communications with the device are down. So we send somebody out with PDA, he connects to the device using USB cable. Starts up the application which has the same functionality as the timesync service. Again middleware instance is created (on the PDA) to translate communication between application and the device this time only using USB/serial media not TCP/IP as in previous example. I hope it makes more sense now :) Cheers, Tom

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