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• How do I make apt-get instal commands not display every package that is installing?

  - by rajlego

  When I install something on terminal, it often shows me a few things for status. For one, it shows download rate (which is fine). However, when I install something, it can display Unpacking libgranite2:amd64 (0.3.0~r732+pkg64~ubuntu0.3.1) ... Selecting previously unselected package slingshot-launcher. Preparing to unpack .../slingshot-launcher_0.7.6.1+r421+pkg32~ubuntu0.3.1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking slingshot-launcher (0.7.6.1+r421+pkg32~ubuntu0.3.1) ... Selecting previously unselected package contractor. Preparing to unpack .../contractor_0.3.1~r136+pkg22~ubuntu0.3.1_amd64.deb ... Unpacking contractor (0.3.1~r136+pkg22~ubuntu0.3.1) ... Selecting previously unselected package apport-hooks-elementary. Preparing to unpack .../apport-hooks-elementary_0.1-0~35~saucy1_all.deb ... Unpacking apport-hooks-elementary (0.1-0~35~saucy1) ... Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme (0.13-1) ... Processing triggers for libglib2.0-0:amd64 (2.40.0-2) ... Processing triggers for man-db (2.6.7.1-1) ... Setting up libgranite-common (0.3.0~r732+pkg64~ubuntu0.3.1) ... Setting up libgranite2:amd64 (0.3.0~r732+pkg64~ubuntu0.3.1) ... Setting up slingshot-launcher (0.7.6.1+r421+pkg32~ubuntu0.3.1) ... Setting up contractor (0.3.1~r136+pkg22~ubuntu0.3.1) ... Setting up apport-hooks-elementary (0.1-0~35~saucy1) ... Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-0ubuntu6) .. I would rather that not show up. I only want to see download rate, not all that other stuff. How do I do this? EDIT: I would also like the jargon to be stored somwehre else if something goes wrong, or for the jargon to just be expanable on terminal.

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• Must all AI states be able to react to any event?

  - by Prog

  FSMs implemented with the State design pattern are a common way to design AI agents. I am familiar with the State design pattern and know how to implement it. How is this used in games to design AI agents? Consider a simplified class Monster, representing an AI agent: class Monster { State state; // other fields omitted public void update(){ // called every game-loop cycle state.execute(this); } public void setState(State state){ this.state = state; } // irrelevant stuff omitted } There are several State subclasses implementing execute() differently. So far, classic State pattern. AI agents are subject to environmental effects and other objects communicating with them. For example, an AI agent might tell another AI agent to attack (i.e. agent.attack()). Or a fireball might tell an AI agent to fall down. This means that the agent must have methods such as attack() and fallDown(), or commonly some message receiving mechanism to understand such messages. With an FSM, the current State of the agent should be the one taking care of such method calls - i.e. the agent delegates to the current state upon every event. Is this correct? If correct, how is this done? Are all states obligated by their superclass to implement methods such as attack(), fallDown() etc., so the agent can always delegate to them on almost every event? Or is it done in some other way?

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• How do I stop video tearing? (Nvidia prop driver, non-compositing window manager)

  - by Chan-Ho Suh

  I have that problem which seemingly afflicts many using the proprietary Nvidia driver: Video tearing: fine horizontal lines (usually near the top of my display) when there is a lot of panning or action in the video. (Note: switching back to the default nouveau driver is not an option, as its seemingly nonexistent power-management drains my battery several times faster) I've tried Totem, Parole, and VLC, and tearing occurs with all of them. The best result has been to use X11 output in VLC, but there is still tearing with relatively moderate action. Hardware: MacBook Air 3,2 -- which has an Nvidia GeForce 320M. There are two common fixes for tearing with Nvidia prop drivers: Turn off compositing, since Nvidia proprietary drivers don't usually play nice with compositing window managers on Linux (Compiz is an exception I'm aware of). But I use an extremely lightweight window manager (Awesome window manager) which is not even capable of compositing (or any cool effects). I also have this problem in Xfce, where I have compositing disabled. Enabling sync to VBlank. To enable this, I set the option in nvidia-settings and then autostart it as nvidia-settings -l with my other autostart programs. This seems to work, because when I run glxgears, I get: $ glxgears Running synchronized to the vertical refresh. The framerate should be approximately the same as the monitor refresh rate. 303 frames in 5.0 seconds = 60.500 FPS 300 frames in 5.0 seconds = 59.992 FPS And when I check the refresh rate using nvidia-settings: $ nvidia-settings -q RefreshRate Attribute 'RefreshRate' (wampum:0.0; display device: DFP-2): 60.00 Hz. All this suggests sync to VBlank is enabled. As I understand it, this is precisely designed to stop tearing, and a lot of people's problem is even getting something like glxgears to output the correct info. I don't understand why it's not working for me. xorg.conf: http://paste.ubuntu.com/992056/ Example of observed tearing::

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• How to perform game object smoothing in multiplayer games

  - by spaceOwl

  We're developing an infrastructure to support multiplayer games for our game engine. In simple terms, each client (player) engine sends some pieces of data regarding the relevant game objects at a given time interval. On the receiving end, we step the incoming data to current time (to compensate for latency), followed by a smoothing step (which is the subject of this question). I was wondering how smoothing should be performed ? Currently the algorithm is similar to this: Receive incoming state for an object (position, velocity, acceleration, rotation, custom data like visual properties, etc). Calculate a diff between local object position and the position we have after previous prediction steps. If diff doesn't exceed some threshold value, start a smoothing step: Mark the object's CURRENT POSITION and the TARGET POSITION. Linear interpolate between these values for 0.3 seconds. I wonder if this scheme is any good, or if there is any other common implementation or algorithm that should be used? (For example - should i only smooth out the position? or other values, such as speed, etc) any help will be appreciated.

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• Do you think we will ever settle on a "standard" platform? [closed]

  - by GazTheDestroyer

  The recent explosion of phone platforms has depressed me (slightly), and made me wonder if we will ever reach any kind of standard for presentation? I don't mean language or IDE. Different languages have different strengths and I can see that there may always be a need for disparity, although I do note that languages are merging somewhat in functionality, with traditional imperitive languages like C++ now supporting things like lambdas. What I'm really talking about is a common presentation mechanism. Before smart phones and tablets came along, the web seemed to be finally becoming a reasonable platform for presenting an application that was globally accessible, not just geographically, but by platform too. Sure there are still (sometimes infuriating) implementation differences and quirks, but if you wrote a decent site you knew it could be accessed on anything from a PC to a phone to a C64 running the right software. "Write Once Run Anywhere" seemed to finally be becoming a reality. However, in the last few years we've seen an explosion of mobile operating systems, and the ubiquitous "app". A good site is no longer enough, you need a native "app", and of course we have a sudden massive disparity in OS, language, and APIs needed to write them as each battles for supremecy. It's kind of weird how the cycle of popularity goes. Mainframes with terminals - thin client. PC - thick client. Web browser - thin client. Phone app - thick(ish) client. I just wonder if you think there will ever be a global standard for clients, or whether the "shiny and different" cycle will always continue along with the battle of the tech du jour.

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• Search multiple tables

  - by gilden

  I have developed a web application that is used mainly for archiving all sorts of textual material (documents, references to articles, books, magazines etc.). There can be any given number of archive tables in my system, each with its own schema. The schema can be changed by a moderator through the application (imagine something similar to a really dumbed down version of phpMyAdmin). Users can search for anything from all of the tables. By using FULLTEXT indexes together with substring searching (fields which do not support FULLTEXT indexing) the script inserts the results of a search to a single table and by ordering these results by the similarity measure I can fairly easily return the paginated results. However, this approach has a few problems: substring searching can only count exact results the 50% rule applies to all tables separately and thus, mysql may not return important matches or too naively discards common words. is quite expensive in terms of query numbers and execution time (not an issue right now as there's not a lot of data yet in the tables). normalized data is not even searched for (I have different tables for categories, languages and file attatchments). My planned solution Create a single table having columns similar to id, table_id, row_id, data Every time a new row is created/modified/deleted in any of the data tables this central table also gets updated with the data column containing a concatenation of all the fields in a row. I could then create a single index for Sphinx and use it for doing searches instead. Are there any more efficient solutions or best practises how to approach this? Thanks.

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• Bayesian content filter for vbulletin [on hold]

  - by mc0e

  I've been tasked with coming up with a tool to automatically flag some posts for moderator attention on a large vbulletin forum. It's not spam per se, but the task has a lot in common with the sort of handling that might be done by a spam protection plugin (a mod in vbulletin speak). There's only so much I can say, but the task does not involve bad users, so much as particular kinds of posts which the moderators need to be aware of. Filtering out user registrations and links is therefore not useful, and we are talking about posts by real human users. What I'm looking for is an existing bayesian classification plugin, or something that I can study to get an understanding of how to do the vbulletin side of the interface in order to build such a thing. Ie I'd need ways for moderators to list flagged posts, and to correct the classification of posts which have been mis-classified. Ideally I want a 3 way split with an "unsure" category in order to reduce what has to be reviewed to find any mis-classifications. Any pointers? I've searched around a bit, and so far what I've found has been more or less entirely targetted at intervening in sign-ups (mostly using stopforumspam), captchas, and use of external services like akismet which are spam specific. I'm also considering an external solution, which might be ableto be interfaced i

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• Focusing and Selecting the Text in ASP.NET TextBox Controls

  When a browser displays the HTML sent from a web server it parses the received markup into a Document Object Model, or DOM, which models the markup as a hierarchical structure. Each element in the markup - the <form> element, <div> elements, <p> elements, <input> elements, and so on - are represented as a node in the DOM and can be programmatically accessed from client-side script. What's more, the nodes that make up the DOM have functions that can be called to perform certain behaviors; what functions are available depend on what type of element the node represents. One function common to most all node types is focus, which gives keyboard focus to the corresponding element. The focus function is commonly used in data entry forms, search pages, and login screens to put the user's keyboard cursor in a particular textbox when the web page loads so that the user can start typing in his search query or username without having to first click the textbox with his mouse. Another useful function is select, which is available for <input> and <textarea> elements and selects the contents of the textbox. This article shows how to call an HTML element's focus and select functions. We'll look at calling these functions directly from client-side script as well as how to call these functions from server-side code. Read on to learn more! Read More >

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• Ubuntu live cd : black screen and blinking cursor

  - by IFasel

  I try to install ubuntu 12.04 on my computer. I can get to the purple screen on the live cd but then, if I choose "Installing Ubuntu", I have a black screen with a cursor blinking (and nothing else happens). My PC : acer aspire M3920, CPU i5-2300, 8 Gb RAM, NVIDIA gt 405. What I already tried : I tried with 12.04 and 13.04 daily build I tried with a live usb and with a live dvd I tried the following boot options : nomodset, acpi=off I googled a lot and it seems that it could be a graphic card problem. Do you know any other boot options that I could try ? UPDATE This is not a duplicate : I've tried all the common boot options (nomodeset, noacpi...) and it doesn't change anything. With the option "no splash" (instead of "quiet splash"), I can see what happens before the forever-blinking cursor : [sdg] no caching mode present [sdg] assuming drive cache : write trough ata8.00: excetion Emask 0x52 ... frozen ata8 : SError : { RecovData RecovComm UnrecovData...} ata8.00 : failed command : IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE ... ata8.00 : status : { DRDY } ata8 : hard resetting link Does somebody know what it means ? N.B. astonishingly, Puppy Linux boots fine (but Debian, Fedora and Ubuntu do not) Solution In fact, it was not a graphic card problem. I had to disconnect the dvd drive and connect it to another free sata connector (I don't really understand why Ubuntu had trouble with this connector and Windows 7 not). After that, everything worked fine.

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• Change the Log Level of Node Manager.

  - by adejuanc

  This is useful to troubleshoot issues related to Node Manager, such as problems starting a Managed Server or reasons a server could be (re)started. To change the Log Level of Node Manager, you need to edit the nodemanager.properties file. This is usually located at: <MIDDLEWARE_HOME>/wlserver_10.3/common/nodemanager What you need to modify is property: ...LogLevel=INFO... Information about the appropriate values for this property is available in the Node Manager Documentation at 10.3 WebLogic Documentation (and in further releases) which states: LogLevel: Severity level of logging used for the Node Manager log. Node Manager uses the same logging levels as WebLogic Server. Default value: INFO However, this is incorrect. WLS has its own implementation of LogLevel, but Node Manager uses the standard Log Level from the java.util.logging.Level class. Therefore, the possible values for Node Manager LogLevel, in descending order are: SEVERE (highest value) WARNING INFO CONFIG FINE FINER FINEST (lowest value) The highest value provides only messages at the severe level. The warning level provides warning messages and severe messages, and so on. Besides those levels, ALL and OFF are also accepted. For example, if you only want Severe messages to be logged, select SEVERE. If you need the most detailed tracing available, select FINEST. For more information on what it will log at each level, please read the Java SE API for LoggingLevel.

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• Cannot create a neutral unit with a trigger

  - by Xitcod13

  I've been playing around with the starcraft UMS (Use map settings) for a while and usually i figure things out pretty quickly when im stuck. Alas not this time. I'm trying to place a neutral unit (player 12) using a trigger. It refuses to work. I'm using Scmdraft 2.0 as my editor (but i cant get it to work in other editors either) (all neutral units placed before the game starts are visible and all other triggers work fine. Also i created a text msg and it does displays it in-game so the trigger triggers ) For testing I created a trigger that looks like this: Player: neutral (i tried neutral players player 1 and all players as well) Condition: -always Action: -Create *1 Terran Medic* at '*location 022*' for *Neutral* (also tried neutral players) When I start the game nothing happens. Here is what I tried: I tried placing a start location for neutral player (player 12) I tried changing the owner under map properties of player 12 to neutral and computer from unused which was the default. Although it seems like it should be a common enough problem, I don't see it in any FAQ and I cant find anything about it when I Google it. Thanks in advance.

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• Advice and resources on collaborative environments

  - by Tjaart

  I need some advice on collaborative software environments. More specifically, I am looking for books and reference materials that can aid me in understanding team and code structures and the interactions thereof. In other words books, blogs or white papers explaining: Different strategies for structuring teams that share common code between each other but have distinct individual functions? To summarise my question I would like to know what would be a good source of knowledge if I were to set up teams in an organisation that shared code but each unit still remained autonomous. I have done some research on this subject and explored: code review tools, distributed VCS, continuous integration tools, Unit testing automation. The tough part about implementing these tools are to determine where a good place would be to start, which tools are low hanging fruit, which tools or methods provide higher success rates. If someone asks me about code quality reference I point them to Code Complete. I am looking for an equivalent guide on software team structures and tools to make this equation work better. I realise that this question is quite vague but it arose as "we need to share code between teams without breaking each others stuff and causing management headaches and reams of red tape" The answer is definitely not simple and requires changes on many levels, hence the question. If the question is too vague please vote to close or delete. I would accept any good starting point as an answer.

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• What is the standard technique for shifting the frames of a sprite according to user input?

  - by virtual__

  From my own experience, I developed two techniques for changing the sprites of a character that's reacting to user input -- this in the context of a classic 2D platformer. The first one is to store all character's pixmaps in a list, putting the index of the currently used pixmap in an ordinary variable. This way, every time the player presses a key -- say the right arrow for moving the character forward -- the graphics engine sees what's the next pixmap to draw, draws it, and increments the index counter. That's a pretty common approach I believe, the problem is that in this case the animation's quality depends not only on the number of sprites available but also on how often your engine listens to user input. The second technique is to actually play an animation every key press event. For this you can use any sort of animation framework you want. It's only necessary to set the timer, the animation steps and to call the animation's play() method on your key press event handler. The problem with that approach is that is lacks responsiveness, since the character won't react to any input while the current animation is still being played. What I want to know is whether you are using one of these techniques -- or something similar -- in your games, or whether there's a standard method for animating sprites out there that's widely known by everybody but me.

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• Tuning WebServer Response -

  - by Vedran Wex Maricevic

  I have this sam e question on StackOverflow and I was advised to ask it here hoping for more information. Here is the question: I am in rather unfavorable situation. I have aspdotneststore front e-commerce application and search addon called VibeTrib. I dont have source code for both of those. Store that runs on StoreFront and VibeTrib has close to 250k products. Also we have lots of filters. I spoke to ViTrib reps, and they want extra money so they could optimize Queries that they use. Money they require is nto a big deal, but the problem is I dont trust them anymore. What we got is much different then wha is being advertised. To cut the long story short. I am runing the store on Amazon AWS now, and regardless of what DB (MsSQL 2012) server I set (I tried 32GB RAM monsters instances) it is slow. Ajax search uses Full Text search and it displays search keywords relatively fast, but once the search is performed ( to display all results) it is still slow.!!! There is something that I could to do accelerate the speed on my own end? I do have full control over EC2 Instance (Web server Server 2012 and IIS 8). Can I set IIS to step in for the search and cache some of it? I was hoping to cache at least some most common words. My best bet is IIS 8 :) Is there any help in my case? Thanks

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• Stylecop 4.7.39.0 has been released

  - by TATWORTH

  Stylecop  4.7.38.0 has been released at http://stylecop.codeplex.com/releases/view/79972The release notes follow:Allow case sensitivity in the deprecated words and recognised words listStyleing fixes.Fix for documentation spelling checks inside nested xml nodes.Look for CustomDictionary.xml files in the folder of the cs file.Update the TabIndex in the spelling tab.Updating default deprecated words and their alternatives.Add support for specifying dictionary folders in the settings.StyleCop file. Like :Rename StyleCopViolationError to StyleCopHighlightingError and all associated types.Fix the Bulb Item for spelling mistakes to replace matching words correctly.Fix the spelling parser for strings beginning with $$THREADING FIX: Make StyleCop execute analysis in proces and not create 2 threads. Use Countdown Event when we move to .NET 4.Use the naming service for the Culture specified for the project. Pass the actual violation through to ReSharper.Ensure Registry access code works for VS2008 addins.Rollback Registry changes to ensure VS2008 plugin loads correctly.Adding support for preferred alternative words for spelling. Adding deprecated word support into Settings.StyleCop file. Spelling is only checked if Office 2010 is installed. Allow editing of deprecated words and their alternatives in the Settings editor.Adding new resource stringsAdding BulbItem and Quick fixes for spelling errors.Moving StringExtensions to common area.Styling fixes.Report all spelling errors found on a line.Start of 4.7.39.0 dev.

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• How do I prevent software packages from being downloaded until I know it's safe?

  - by Dave M G

  Recently, an update that caused a problem with Gnome session caused me to lose a day's work. The solution was to rollback some packages to a previous version. The update manager is now telling me that my old packages should be updated: ... but I don't want to do that until I know that whatever bug or problem the latest version has is resolved. I understand that with any upgrade that there is a risk of instability. However, in the 8 years or more that I've been on Ubuntu, using the latest releases has been stable enough and with the benefit of the latest features and security. So, I'm not looking for general advice on how to handle upgrades. What I'm saying is that in this one particular instance, the bug introduced by these upgrades is severe and time wasting. But, as an end user, when I encounter a problem like this, I have no idea how to address a specific concern about a specific package. I don't, for example, know which of these packages is the problem, and I can't take time from my work schedule to be experimenting with each package. So, my question is: How do I find out who exactly is responsible for these, or any, packages so that I can contact them and let them know about the problem? How do I freeze these packages only, but allow other upgrades to happen? ubuntu-session gnome-session-common gnome-session-bin gnome-session

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• What are some best practices for minimizing code?

  - by CrystalBlue

  While maintaining the sites our development team has created, we have come across include files and plugins that have proven to be very useful to more then one part of our applications. Most of these modules have come with two different files, a normal source file and a min file. Seeing that the performance and speed of a page can be increased by minimizing the size of the file, we're looking into doing that to our pages as well. The problem that we run into is a lot of our normal pages (written in ASP classic) is a mix of HTML, ASP, Javascript, CSS, and include files. We have some pages that have their JS both in include files and in the page, depending on if the function is only really used in that page or if it's used in many other pages. For example, we have a common.js and an ajax.js file, both are used in a lot of pages, but not all of them. As well as having some functions in a page that doesn't really make sense to put into one master page. What I have seen a few other people do online is use one master JS file and place all of their javascript into that, minify it, gzip it, and only use that on their production server. Again, this would be great, but I don't know if that fully works for our purposes. What I'm looking for is some direction to go with on this. I'm in favor of taking all of our JS and putting it in one include file, and just having it included in every page that is hit. However, not every page we have needs every bit of JS. So would it be worth the compilation and minifying of the files into one master file and include it everywhere, or would it be better to minify all other files and still include them on a need-to-use basis?

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• How to build a good service layer in ASP.NET?

  - by Swippen

  I have looked through some questions, technologies for building a good service layer but I have some questions regarding this that I need help with. First some information of what I have for requirements. We currently have a number of web applications that talk to each other in a spiderweb looking way (all talking to each other in a confusing way via webservices and database data). We want to change this so that all applications go through a service layer where we can work more with cache and encapsulate common functionality and more. We want this layer to also have a Web API so that 3rd party clients can consume information from the service. The problem I see is that if we build the service layer with say MVC4 Web API don't we need to communicate between the application using the webAPI meaning we have to construct URLs and consume JSON/Xml. That does not sound too effective. I assume a better method would be working with entities and WCF to communicate between the application but then we might loose the Web API magic? So the question is if there is a way to consume a service layer as both a Web API (JSON/XML) and as a more backend service layer with entities. If we are forced to use 2 different service layers we might have to duplicate some functionality and other bad things. Hope the question is clear enough and please ask if you need any more information.

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• Stylecop 4.7.38.0 has been released

  - by TATWORTH

  Stylecop  4.7.38.0 has been released at http://stylecop.codeplex.com/releases/view/79972The release notes follow:Move Registry functions into common Utils class. Styling fixes.Dictionary updatesStyling fixes.Update Styling.Styling fixes.Update docs.Spelling fixes in our own source.Add solution specific spellings to our own Settings.StyleCopDeploy more up to date spelling checkers and dictionaries.Update our own StyleCop and dictionaries for analyzing our own build.Update the custom dictionaries.Update the spellchecker to work for 32 or 64 bit processes.Update latex parser.Update the latex parser for $$...$$Fix the latex parser to allow any char between $ and $Add a new tab to the settings editor to add/remove spelling words. Ignore words starting and ending with a '$'. Add support for our own recognized words in the settings file. If the spelling library can't load then dont analyse the spellings and fail gracefully.Fix for 7398. Insert the correct type-name in the example for summary.Fix for 7396. Added new tests. All doc elements to end with <c> elements and not be reported for lack of white-space or too short.

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• Working with volonteers

  - by JavaCecilia

  I've been engaged as a scout leader in the Scout movement since 1993, working on a local and national level, leading both kids and other scout leaders.Last year, the Swedish Scout Association invited 40000 scouts aged 14-17 years old from 150 countries around the world to go camping for 10 days. I was on the planning team with a couple of hundreds of my closest scout friends and during a couple of years we spent our spare time planning logistics, food, program, etc to give these youths an experience of a life time. It was a big and complex project; different languages, religion (Ramadan was celebrated during the camp) and the Swedish weather were some of the factors we had to take into account. The camp was a huge success, the daily wow factor was measured and people truly had fun and got to know each other. I learnt a lot and got friends around the globe - looking back at the pictures it feels unreal that we managed it.The Java platform as OpenJDK and its' future is a similar project in my mind. With 9 million developers and being installed on 3 bn devices, the platform touches a lot of users and businesses. There's a strong community taking Java into the future, making sure it stays relevant. Finding ways to collaborate in a scalable way is the key to success here. We have the bylaws directing how decisions are made, roles are appointed and how to "level" within the community. Using these, we can then make contributions according to our competence and interest and innovate taking our platform into the future.If you find a way to organize volunteers towards a common goal, solving conflicts, making decisions, dividing the work into manageable chunks and having fun while doing it - there's no end to what you can achieve.

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• Use the &ldquo;using&rdquo; statement on objects that implement the IDisposable Interface

  - by mbcrump

  From MSDN : C#, through the .NET Framework common language runtime (CLR), automatically releases the memory used to store objects that are no longer required. The release of memory is non-deterministic; memory is released whenever the CLR decides to perform garbage collection. However, it is usually best to release limited resources such as file handles and network connections as quickly as possible. The using statement allows the programmer to specify when objects that use resources should release them. The object provided to the using statement must implement the IDisposable interface. This interface provides the Dispose method, which should release the object's resources. In my quest to write better, more efficient code I ran across the “using” statement. Microsoft recommends that we specify when to release objects. In other words, if you use the “using” statement this tells .NET to release the object specified in the using block once it is no longer needed.   So Using this block: private static string ReadConfig()         {             const string path = @"C:\SomeApp.config.xml";               using (StreamReader reader = File.OpenText(path))             {                 return reader.ReadToEnd();             }         }   The compiler converts this to: private static string ReadConfig1() {     StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(@"C:\SomeApp.config.xml");       try     {         return sr.ReadToEnd();     }     finally     {         if (sr != null)             ((IDisposable)sr).Dispose();     }   }

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• When decomposing a large function, how can I avoid the complexity from the extra subfunctions?

  - by missingno

  Say I have a large function like the following: function do_lots_of_stuff(){ { //subpart 1 ... } ... { //subpart N ... } } a common pattern is to decompose it into subfunctions function do_lots_of_stuff(){ subpart_1(...) subpart_2(...) ... subpart_N(...) } I usually find that decomposition has two main advantages: The decomposed function becomes much smaller. This can help people read it without getting lost in the details. Parameters have to be explicitly passed to the underlying subfunctions, instead of being implicitly available by just being in scope. This can help readability and modularity in some situations. However, I also find that decomposition has some disadvantages: There are no guarantees that the subfunctions "belong" to do_lots_of_stuff so there is nothing stopping someone from accidentally calling them from a wrong place. A module's complexity grows quadratically with the number of functions we add to it. (There are more possible ways for things to call each other) Therefore: Are there useful convention or coding styles that help me balance the pros and cons of function decomposition or should I just use an editor with code folding and call it a day? EDIT: This problem also applies to functional code (although in a less pressing manner). For example, in a functional setting we would have the subparts be returning values that are combined in the end and the decomposition problem of having lots of subfunctions being able to use each other is still present. We can't always assume that the problem domain will be able to be modeled on just some small simple types with just a few highly orthogonal functions. There will always be complicated algorithms or long lists of business rules that we still want to correctly be able to deal with. function do_lots_of_stuff(){ p1 = subpart_1() p2 = subpart_2() pN = subpart_N() return assembleStuff(p1, p2, ..., pN) }

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• Should I always encapsulate an internal data structure entirely?

  - by Prog

  Please consider this class: class ClassA{ private Thing[] things; // stores data // stuff omitted public Thing[] getThings(){ return things; } } This class exposes the array it uses to store data, to any client code interested. I did this in an app I'm working on. I had a ChordProgression class that stores a sequence of Chords (and does some other things). It had a Chord[] getChords() method that returned the array of chords. When the data structure had to change (from an array to an ArrayList), all client code broke. This made me think - maybe the following approach is better: class ClassA{ private Thing[] things; // stores data // stuff omitted public Thing[] getThing(int index){ return things[index]; } public int getDataSize(){ return things.length; } public void setThing(int index, Thing thing){ things[index] = thing; } } Instead of exposing the data structure itself, all of the operations offered by the data structure are now offered directly by the class enclosing it, using public methods that delegate to the data structure. When the data structure changes, only these methods have to change - but after they do, all client code still works. Note that collections more complex than arrays might require the enclosing class to implement even more than three methods just to access the internal data structure. Is this approach common? What do you think of this? What downsides does it have other? Is it reasonable to have the enclosing class implement at least three public methods just to delegate to the inner data structure?

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• Is it okay to use a language that isn't supported by your company for some tasks?

  - by systempuntoout

  I work for a company that supports several languages: COBOL, VB6, C# and Java. I use those languages for my primary work, but I often find myself to coding some minor programs (e.g. scripts) in Python because I found it to be the best tool for that type of task. For example: An analyst gives me a complex CSV file to populate some DB tables, so I would use Python to parse it and create a DB script. What's the problem? The main problem I see is that a few parts of these quick & dirty scripts are slowly gaining importance and: My company does not support Python They're not version controlled (I back them up in another way) My coworkers do not know Python The analysts have even started referencing them in email ("launch the script that exports..."), so they are needed more often than I initially thought. I should add that these scripts are just utilities that are not part of the main project; they simply help to get trivial tasks done in less time. For my own small tasks they help a lot. In short, if I were a lottery winner to be in a accident, my coworkers would need to keep the project alive without those scripts; they would spend more time in fixing CSV errors by hand for example. Is this a common scenario? Am I doing something wrong? What should I do?

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• Dual boot problem with ubuntu 12.04 and Vista

  - by vendella dahlahdoo

  Greetings from New Zealand. I have installed Microsoft Windows Vista and then installed Ubuntu 12.04 on my refurbished Compaq nx8220 laptop. I get the following infamous head hurting prompt continually. error: no such partition. grub rescue> Have tried most of the common recommended solutions. Live-CD then install Boot-Repair through the Terminal didn't work. It repaired all the linux stuff when restoring grub and then can't boot into Windows Vista. When I use Boot-Repair to fix the MBR, then I can't boot into Ubuntu. Tried installing BCD 2.1 in Vista and tried all the options one after another in BCD. Still no Ubuntu when selected through the options menu from BCD on restart/reboot. I have tried the boot repair option on the Ubuntu server CD-ROM, tried installing earlier versions of Ubuntu 11.04, 11.10, and Ubuntu server 11.10 and 12.04. Still the same result. I tried deleting the Ubuntu partitions through Vista a number of times and reinstalling Ubuntu. I have been trying and retrying all the options in Boot-Repair in different combinations for the past week and a half. I have tried at least 10 times installing and reinstalling Ubuntu. I really love Ubuntu and believe I have exhausted most of the recommended solutions and have spent too much time on this. Its driving me nuts!! please can someone help, I have finally given up (sigh). The following are some outputs from Boot-Repair from my last attempts. http://paste.ubuntu.com/1019227 http://paste.ubuntu.com/1019264 I was only allowed to post two links being a newbie. The only thing left for me to do is the flying Samoan dropkick laptop trick. Thanks in advance. Francis.

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