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• Pig_Cassandra integration caused - ERROR 1070: Could not resolve CassandraStorage using imports:

  - by Le Dude

  I'm following basic Pig, Cassandra, Hadoop installation. Everything works just fine as a stand alone. No error. However when I tried to run the example file provided by Pig_cassandra example, I got this error. [root@localhost pig]# /opt/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.1.6/examples/pig/bin/pig_cassandra -x local -x local /opt/cassandra/apache-cassandra-1.1.6/examples/pig/example-script.pig Using /opt/pig/pig-0.10.0/pig-0.10.0-withouthadoop.jar. 2012-10-24 21:14:58,551 [main] INFO org.apache.pig.Main - Apache Pig version 0.10.0 (r1328203) compiled Apr 19 2012, 22:54:12 2012-10-24 21:14:58,552 [main] INFO org.apache.pig.Main - Logging error messages to: /opt/pig/pig_1351138498539.log 2012-10-24 21:14:59,004 [main] INFO org.apache.pig.backend.hadoop.executionengine.HExecutionEngine - Connecting to hadoop file system at: file:/// 2012-10-24 21:14:59,472 [main] ERROR org.apache.pig.tools.grunt.Grunt - ERROR 1070: Could not resolve CassandraStorage using imports: [, org.apache.pig.builtin., org.apache.pig.impl.builtin.] Details at logfile: /opt/pig/pig_1351138498539.log Here is the log file Pig Stack Trace --------------- ERROR 1070: Could not resolve CassandraStorage using imports: [, org.apache.pig.builtin., org.apache.pig.impl.builtin.] org.apache.pig.impl.logicalLayer.FrontendException: ERROR 1000: Error during parsing. Could not resolve CassandraStorage using imports: [, org.apache.pig.builtin., org.apache.pig.impl.builtin.] at org.apache.pig.PigServer$Graph.parseQuery(PigServer.java:1597) at org.apache.pig.PigServer$Graph.registerQuery(PigServer.java:1540) at org.apache.pig.PigServer.registerQuery(PigServer.java:540) at org.apache.pig.tools.grunt.GruntParser.processPig(GruntParser.java:970) at org.apache.pig.tools.pigscript.parser.PigScriptParser.parse(PigScriptParser.java:386) at org.apache.pig.tools.grunt.GruntParser.parseStopOnError(GruntParser.java:189) at org.apache.pig.tools.grunt.GruntParser.parseStopOnError(GruntParser.java:165) at org.apache.pig.tools.grunt.Grunt.exec(Grunt.java:84) at org.apache.pig.Main.run(Main.java:555) at org.apache.pig.Main.main(Main.java:111) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601) at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:156) Caused by: Failed to parse: Cannot instantiate: CassandraStorage at org.apache.pig.parser.QueryParserDriver.parse(QueryParserDriver.java:184) at org.apache.pig.PigServer$Graph.parseQuery(PigServer.java:1589) ... 14 more Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Cannot instantiate: CassandraStorage at org.apache.pig.impl.PigContext.instantiateFuncFromSpec(PigContext.java:510) at org.apache.pig.parser.LogicalPlanBuilder.validateFuncSpec(LogicalPlanBuilder.java:791) at org.apache.pig.parser.LogicalPlanBuilder.buildFuncSpec(LogicalPlanBuilder.java:780) at org.apache.pig.parser.LogicalPlanGenerator.func_clause(LogicalPlanGenerator.java:4583) at org.apache.pig.parser.LogicalPlanGenerator.load_clause(LogicalPlanGenerator.java:3115) at org.apache.pig.parser.LogicalPlanGenerator.op_clause(LogicalPlanGenerator.java:1291) at org.apache.pig.parser.LogicalPlanGenerator.general_statement(LogicalPlanGenerator.java:789) at org.apache.pig.parser.LogicalPlanGenerator.statement(LogicalPlanGenerator.java:507) at org.apache.pig.parser.LogicalPlanGenerator.query(LogicalPlanGenerator.java:382) at org.apache.pig.parser.QueryParserDriver.parse(QueryParserDriver.java:175) ... 15 more Caused by: org.apache.pig.backend.executionengine.ExecException: ERROR 1070: Could not resolve CassandraStorage using imports: [, org.apache.pig.builtin., org.apache.pig.impl.builtin.] at org.apache.pig.impl.PigContext.resolveClassName(PigContext.java:495) at org.apache.pig.impl.PigContext.instantiateFuncFromSpec(PigContext.java:507) ... 24 more ================================================================================ I googled around and got to this point from other stackoverflow user that identified the potential problem but not the solution. Cassandra and pig integration cause error during startup I believe my configuration is correct and the path has already been defined properly. I didn't change anything in the pig_cassandra file. I'm not quite sure how to proceed from here. Please help?

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• Setting up apache to view https pages

  - by zac

  I am trying to set up a site using vmware workstation, ubuntu 11.10, and apache2. The site works fine but now the https pages are not showing up. For example if I try to go to https://www.mysite.com/checkout I just see the message Not Found The requested URL /checkout/ was not found on this server. I dont really know what I am doing and have tried a lot of things to get the ssl certificates in there right. A few things I have in there, in my httpd.conf I just have : ServerName localhost In my ports.conf I have : NameVirtualHost *:80 Listen 80 <IfModule mod_ssl.c> # If you add NameVirtualHost *:443 here, you will also have to change # the VirtualHost statement in /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl # to <VirtualHost *:443> # Server Name Indication for SSL named virtual hosts is currently not # supported by MSIE on Windows XP. Listen 443 http </IfModule> <IfModule mod_gnutls.c> Listen 443 http </IfModule> In the /etc/apache2/sites-available/default-ssl : <IfModule mod_ssl.c> <VirtualHost _default_:443> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> .... truncated in the sites-available/default I have : <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www #DocumentRoot /home/magento/site/ <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> #<Directory /home/magento/site/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> </VirtualHost> <virtualhost *:443> SSLEngine on SSLCertificateFile /etc/apache2/ssl/server.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/apache2/ssl/server.key ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> #<Directory /home/magento/site/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> </virtualhost> I also have in sites-availabe a file setup for my site url, www.mysite.com so in /etc/apache2/sites-available/mysite.com <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName mysite.com DocumentRoot /home/magento/mysite.com <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride All </Directory> <Directory /home/magento/mysite.com/ > Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride All Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog /home/magento/logs/apache.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:443> ServerName mysite.com DocumentRoot /home/magento/mysite.com <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride All </Directory> <Directory /home/magento/mysite.com/ > Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride All Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog /home/magento/logs/apache.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn </VirtualHost> Thanks for any help getting this setup! As is probably obvious from this post I am pretty lost at this point.

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• broadcom 5722 NIC not installed on Ubuntu Server, although driver present

  - by Bastien

  Hello, I just installed Ubuntu Server 10.04 LTS, running kernel 2.6.32-24-server, on a brand new Dell T110 server, supposedly fully compatible with Ubuntu Server. I have two NICs: one ONBOARD, the other additional on PCI. both of them are Broadcom netXtreme 5572. on the first boot of the system, I could see both cards as eth0 and eth1 (with ifconfig) I configured eth0 as static IP (as planned), and did not configure eth1. after rebooting, one of the two NICs "disappeared": it does not appear in ifconfig at all. the one that disappeared is the ONBOARD one. I investigated a bit and found the following things: the card is SEEN, but not "installed", it appears as "UNCLAIMED" in lshw: *-network UNCLAIMED description: Ethernet controller product: NetXtreme BCM5722 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:04:00.0 version: 00 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm vpd msi pciexpress cap_list configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:df9f0000-df9fffff *-network description: Ethernet interface product: NetXtreme BCM5722 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:05:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 00 serial: 00:10:18:60:23:64 size: 100MB/s capacity: 1GB/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm vpd msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=tg3 driverversion=3.102 duplex=full firmware=5722-v3.09 ip=10.129.167.25 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=100MB/s resources: irq:35 memory:dfaf0000-dfafffff so I checked my dmesg and found a few strange lines, showing, there actually is a problem bringing up this card: [ 3.737506] tg3: Could not obtain valid ethernet address, aborting. [ 3.737527] tg3 0000:04:00.0: PCI INT A disabled [ 3.737535] tg3: probe of 0000:04:00.0 failed with error -22 [ 3.737553] alloc irq_desc for 17 on node -1 [ 3.737555] alloc kstat_irqs on node -1 [ 3.737560] tg3 0000:05:00.0: PCI INT A -> GSI 17 (level, low) -> IRQ 17 [ 3.737566] tg3 0000:05:00.0: setting latency timer to 64 [ 3.793529] eth0: Tigon3 [partno(BCM95722A2202G) rev a200] (PCI Express) MAC address 00:10:18:60:23:64 [ 3.793532] eth0: attached PHY is 5722/5756 (10/100/1000Base-T Ethernet) (WireSpeed[1]) [ 3.793534] eth0: RXcsums[1] LinkChgREG[0] MIirq[0] ASF[0] TSOcap[1] [ 3.793536] eth0: dma_rwctrl[76180000] dma_mask[64-bit] that actually shows that one NIC is recognized, the other is not. I researched a bit more, with lspci -v: 04:00.0 Ethernet controller: Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme BCM5722 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express Subsystem: Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme BCM5722 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express Flags: fast devsel, IRQ 16 Memory at df9f0000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K] Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [50] Vital Product Data <?> Capabilities: [58] Vendor Specific Information <?> Capabilities: [e8] Message Signalled Interrupts: Mask- 64bit+ Queue=0/0 Enable- Capabilities: [d0] Express Endpoint, MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting <?> Capabilities: [13c] Virtual Channel <?> Capabilities: [160] Device Serial Number 00-00-00-fe-ff-00-00-00 Kernel modules: tg3 05:00.0 Ethernet controller: Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme BCM5722 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express Subsystem: Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme BCM5722 Gigabit Ethernet PCI Express Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 35 Memory at dfaf0000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K] Expansion ROM at <ignored> [disabled] Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [50] Vital Product Data <?> Capabilities: [58] Vendor Specific Information <?> Capabilities: [e8] Message Signalled Interrupts: Mask- 64bit+ Queue=0/0 Enable+ Capabilities: [d0] Express Endpoint, MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting <?> Capabilities: [13c] Virtual Channel <?> Capabilities: [160] Device Serial Number 64-23-60-fe-ff-18-10-00 Capabilities: [16c] Power Budgeting <?> Kernel driver in use: tg3 Kernel modules: tg3 here I could see that the MAC address is 00-00-00-FE-FF-00-00-00, which, according to some forum posts on several websites, could be an issue. I've researched everything I could on the net, and found out several people having slightly comparable issues, but they usually involve different HW, and do not provide a proper explanation / solution... I would appreciate if anyone around here has some info to share ! thanks

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• Apache mod_jk Setting for Tomcat - workers.properties

  - by sissonb

  I am trying to direct files with .jsp extensions to tomcat. Otherwise I want apache to serve the file directly (no tomcat). Currently I have a test.jsp which is supposed to create an HTML page with the current date in the body. Instead when I go to that .jsp I see the JK Status Manager. The mod_jk.logs only show, init_jk::mod_jk.c (3365): mod_jk/1.2.35 initialized. I have tomcat and apache setup on my server. Apache runs on 80 and tomcat runs on 8080. localhost:8080 show the tomcat welcome page. I downloaded tomcat-connectors-1.2.35-windows-i386-httpd-2.2.x and copied the mod_jk.so to C:\apache\modules. Then I added LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so to my httpd.conf. I restart apache and the module loads just fine. Next I downloaded the mod_jk source to get the workers.properties file. I copy workers.properties to C:\apache\confg. Then I added this user, workers.tomcat_home="C:/Program Files/Apache Software Foundation/Tomcat 7.0" workers.java_home="C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.7.0_03" worker.list=ajp13 worker.ajp13.port=8080 worker.ajp13.host=localhost worker.ajp13.type=ajp13 worker.ajp13.socket_timeout=10 When I try to use the ajp13 user in my httpd.conf I get the following error in my mod_jk.log, [Wed Mar 28 13:08:51 2012] [2196:4100] [info] ajp_connection_tcp_get_message::jk_ajp_common.c (1258): (ajp13) can't receive the response header message from tomcat, network problems or tomcat (127.0.0.1:8080) is down (errno=60) [Wed Mar 28 13:08:51 2012] [2196:4100] [error] ajp_get_reply::jk_ajp_common.c (2117): (ajp13) Tomcat is down or refused connection. No response has been sent to the client (yet) [Wed Mar 28 13:08:51 2012] [2196:4100] [info] ajp_service::jk_ajp_common.c (2614): (ajp13) sending request to tomcat failed (recoverable), (attempt=1) Next I update my httpd.conf with, JkWorkersFile C:/apache/conf/workers.properties JkLogFile C:/apache/logs/mod_jk.log JkLogLevel info JkLogStampFormat "[%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Y] " Also I added JkMount /*.jsp jk-status to my virtual host like this, <VirtualHost 192.168.5.250:80> JkMount /*.jsp jk-status #JkMount /*.jsp ajp13 ServerName bgsisson.com ServerAlias www.bgsisson.com DocumentRoot C:/www/resume </VirtualHost> I think i need to include a uriworkermap.properties file, but this is where I am getting stuck. I have put up a test .jsp at bgsisson.com/test.jsp It shows the JK Status Manager when I use JkMount /*.jsp jk-status and 502 Bad Gateway when I use JkMount /*.jsp ajp13 test.jsp <%-- use the 'taglib' directive to make the JSTL 1.0 core tags available; use the uri "http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" for JSTL 1.1 --%> <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jstl/core" prefix="c" %> <%-- use the 'jsp:useBean' standard action to create the Date object; the object is set as an attribute in page scope --%> <jsp:useBean id="date" class="java.util.Date" /> <html> <head><title>First JSP</title></head> <body> <h2>Here is today's date</h2> <c:out value="${date}" /> </body> </html>

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• Securing smtp with login

  - by Paul Peelen

  I have a ispconfig server, and it seems that someone is using it to send spam. I got about 130 "Mail Delivery System" email about declined send email. This spammer uses my email address as sent from adress, so I get all these email adresses to my mail. I am using Postfix and Courier. I installed my server according to this guide: http://www.howtoforge.com/perfect-server-debian-lenny-ispconfig3-p3 I did this a few months ago. My question: Can I secure my server to require login to be able to send email, and if so... how? Thanks! EDIT Some data from mail.log, these kind of error show up constantly: Jun 15 17:58:16 bolt postfix/qmgr[10712]: CC7DA1242AE: from=<paul@*****.se>, size=3782, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Jun 15 17:58:16 bolt postfix/smtp[11337]: CC7DA1242AE: to=<[email protected]>, relay=none, delay=4641, delays=4640/0.01/0.32/0, dsn=4.4.3, status=deferred (Host or domain name not found. Name service error for name=cmlisboa.pt type=MX: Host not found, try again) Jun 15 17:58:19 bolt postfix/smtpd[10836]: connect from static-200-105-220-154.acelerate.net[200.105.220.154] Jun 15 17:58:20 bolt postfix/smtpd[10836]: NOQUEUE: reject: RCPT from static-200-105-220-154.acelerate.net[200.105.220.154]: 550 5.1.1 <advertising@*****.com>: Recipient address rejected: User unknown in virtual mailbox table; from=<[email protected]> to=<advertising@*****.com> proto=ESMTP helo=<static-200-105-220-154.acelerate.net> Jun 15 17:58:20 bolt postfix/smtpd[10836]: lost connection after DATA (0 bytes) from static-200-105-220-154.acelerate.net[200.105.220.154] Jun 15 17:58:20 bolt postfix/smtpd[10836]: disconnect from static-200-105-220-154.acelerate.net[200.105.220.154] Jun 15 17:58:29 bolt postfix/smtpd[10834]: connect from unknown[62.176.172.226] Jun 15 17:58:32 bolt postfix/smtpd[10834]: 386791241F9: client=unknown[62.176.172.226] Jun 15 17:58:34 bolt postfix/cleanup[10975]: 386791241F9: message-id=<[email protected]> Jun 15 17:58:34 bolt postfix/qmgr[10712]: 386791241F9: from=<[email protected]>, size=867, nrcpt=1 (queue active) Jun 15 17:58:35 bolt postfix/smtpd[10834]: disconnect from unknown[62.176.172.226] Jun 15 17:58:35 bolt amavis[11084]: (11084-17) Blocked SPAM, [62.176.172.226] [62.176.172.226] <[email protected]> -> <*****@*****>, Message-ID: <[email protected]>, mail_id: XczovKoMBYNr, Hits: 18.471, size: 867, 833 ms Jun 15 17:58:35 bolt postfix/smtp[10732]: 386791241F9: to=<*****@*****>, relay=127.0.0.1[127.0.0.1]:10024, delay=3.5, delays=2.7/0/0/0.83, dsn=2.7.0, status=sent (250 2.7.0 Ok, discarded, id=11084-17 - SPAM) Jun 15 17:58:35 bolt postfix/qmgr[10712]: 386791241F9: removed Jun 15 17:58:43 bolt postfix/smtpd[10836]: warning: 178.121.154.194: address not listed for hostname mm-194-154-121-178.dynamic.pppoe.mgts.by Jun 15 17:58:43 bolt postfix/smtpd[10836]: connect from unknown[178.121.154.194] Jun 15 17:58:45 bolt postfix/smtpd[10727]: connect from unknown[180.134.223.86] EDIT #2 Got some more info from the logs, this is a send request: mail.info.1:Jun 15 16:41:57 bolt amavis[5399]: (05399-06) Passed CLEAN, [110.139.48.64] [110.139.48.64] <paul@*****.se> -> <[email protected]>, Message-ID: <CHILKAT-MID-7c54ebcf-5501-de9b-f0b1-4f0234290d8d@HP-IRISH>, mail_id: 35l56Ramx6Nc, Hits: -2.941, size: 3329, queued_as: 2485770086, 136 ms mail.info.1:Jun 15 16:41:57 bolt postfix/smtp[4743]: 375C570082: to=<[email protected]>, relay=127.0.0.1[127.0.0.1]:10024, delay=4.8, delays=4.7/0/0/0.14, dsn=2.0.0, status=sent (250 2.0.0 Ok, id=05399-06, from MTA([127.0.0.1]:10025): 250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as 2485770086) Which apparently got thrue. Any ideas how to restrict this?

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• VirtualBox - Public Static IP for a Debian Guest on a Dedicated Server

  - by user86296

  Goal: I want to run a Debian-squeeze-Guest in VirtualBox and it's own public static ip. I found tons of threads about this topic, but all in all I'm now trying for 10 hours (reading the manual, the forums, trying to learn about networking concepts & commands) to give a Guest his own public static ip (so that the Guest is similar to a vServer you can order from a hosting company), but wasn't able to. Since I'm a big noob as far as networking stuff is concerned, I'm probably doing something wrong.(please bear with me :-) ) Situation: VirtualBox 4.0.10 (headless no gui) is running on a dedicated Debian-Server, the Guest OS is Debian as well. The server has a static ip and I ordered an additional ip for a VM. Problem description: Upto now I was able to use NAT to access the VM from the outside and to setup an internal network between several Guests and all of this worked very well. When setting NIC 1 to bridged and configuring a public static ip on the guest, the guest was unpingable. (neither from outside, nor from the host) I could connect to the guest via the internal network, from another vm, though. ( VBoxManage controlvm VMGuest nic1 bridged eth0 ) ( configuration attempt of static-ip on the guest '/etc/network/interfaces' is below) Please let me know what I'm doing wrong, or what I can try to get it to work, or if you need more info. I think I've read that with a current VirtualBox-version for bridged networking no special host-configuration is necessary, is that accurate, or might that be the problem? Additional Info Info I got from the hosting company about the additional IP Please note that you can use the IP address only for this server. IP: 46.4.xx.xx Gateway: 46.4.xx.xx Mask: 255.255.255.248 VBoxManage showvminfo VMGuest |less ... NIC 1: MAC: 080027D72F7B, Attachment: Bridged Interface 'eth0', Cable connected: on, Trace: off (file: none), Type: 82540EM, Reported speed: 0 Mbps, Boot priority: 0 NIC 2: MAC: 080027B03B75, Attachment: Internal Network 'InternalNet1', Cable connected: on, Trace: off (file: none), Type: Am79C973, Reported speed: 0 Mbps, Boot priority: 0 NIC 3: disabled (...rest is disabled) cat /etc/network/interfaces on the Host-machine # Loopback device: auto lo iface lo inet loopback # device: eth0 auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 46.4.xx.xx broadcast 46.4.xx.xx netmask 255.255.255.224 gateway 46.4.xx.xx post-up mii-tool -F 100baseTx-FD eth0 # default route to access subnet up route add -net 46.4.xx.xx netmask 255.255.255.224 gw 46.4.xx.xx eth0 cat /etc/network/interfaces on the Guest-VM # This file describes the network interfaces available on your system # and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5). # The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback # The primary network interface allow-hotplug eth0 auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 46.4.xx.xx netmask 255.255.255.248 gateway 46.4.xx.xx auto eth1 iface eth1 inet dhcp ifconfig -a on the Guest shows the correct static ip for eth0 but the Guest is unreachable "over eth0" eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:d7:2f:7b inet addr:46.4.xx.xx Bcast:46.4.xx.xx Mask:255.255.255.248 inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fed7:2f7b/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:21 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:69 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:1260 (1.2 KiB) TX bytes:3114 (3.0 KiB) eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:b0:3b:75 inet addr:192.168.10.3 Bcast:192.168.10.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:feb0:3b75/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:142 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:92 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:15962 (15.5 KiB) TX bytes:14540 (14.1 KiB) Interrupt:16 Base address:0xd240 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:123 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:123 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:25156 (24.5 KiB) TX bytes:25156 (24.5 KiB)

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• redhat Apache fast-cgi selinux permissions

  - by Alejo JM

  My apache installation is running php as fastcgi, and the virtual hosts are pointing to /home/*/public_html. and the fastcgi are home/*/cgi-bin/php.fcgi the public_html setup with selinux was: /usr/sbin/setsebool -P httpd_enable_homedirs 1 chcon -R -t httpd_sys_content_t /home/someuser/public_html The owner and group are the user, for example the user "someuser": ls -all /home/someuser/cgi-bin/ drwxr-xr-x 2 someuser someuser 4096 Sep 7 13:14 . drwx--x--x 6 someuser someuser 4096 Sep 6 18:17 .. -rwxr-xr-x 1 someuser someuser 308 Sep 7 13:14 php.fcgi ls -all /home/someuser/public_html/ | greep info.php -rw-r--r-- 1 someuser someuser 24 Sep 3 16:24 info.php When is visits the site I get "Forbidden ..." and the log said: [Fri Sep 07 12:02:51 2012] [error] [client x.x.x.x] (13)Permission denied: access to /cgi-bin/php.fcgi/info.php denied My selinux conf is: SELINUX=enforcing SELINUXTYPE=targeted SETLOCALDEFS=0 So I kill Selinux (SELINUX=disabled), reboot the system and everything works !!!!! The problem is Selinux, I don't want disable Selinux. I trying this with no success: setsebool -P httpd_enable_cgi 1 chcon -t httpd_sys_script_exec_t /home/someuser/cgi-bin/php.fcgi chcon -R -t httpd_sys_content_t /home/someuser/cgi-bin Or maybe is better change Selinux SELINUX=enforcing to SELINUX=permissive And disable selinux for httpd ? (I think I better find the correct configuration) Thanks for any suggestion on this matter My environment: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.8 (Tikanga) Server version: Apache/2.2.3 PHP 5.1.6 (cli) (built: Jun 22 2012 06:20:25) Copyright (c) 1997-2006 The PHP Group Zend Engine v2.1.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2006 Zend Technologies Some logs: ps -ZC httpd LABEL PID TTY TIME CMD system_u:system_r:httpd_t 2822 ? 00:00:00 httpd system_u:system_r:httpd_t 2823 ? 00:00:00 httpd system_u:system_r:httpd_t 2824 ? 00:00:00 httpd system_u:system_r:httpd_t 2825 ? 00:00:00 httpd system_u:system_r:httpd_t 2826 ? 00:00:00 httpd system_u:system_r:httpd_t 2836 ? 00:00:00 httpd system_u:system_r:httpd_t 2837 ? 00:00:00 httpd system_u:system_r:httpd_t 2838 ? 00:00:00 httpd system_u:system_r:httpd_t 2839 ? 00:00:00 httpd system_u:system_r:httpd_t 2840 ? 00:00:00 httpd getsebool -a | grep httpd allow_httpd_anon_write --> off allow_httpd_bugzilla_script_anon_write --> off allow_httpd_cvs_script_anon_write --> off allow_httpd_mod_auth_pam --> off allow_httpd_nagios_script_anon_write --> off allow_httpd_prewikka_script_anon_write --> off allow_httpd_squid_script_anon_write --> off allow_httpd_sys_script_anon_write --> off httpd_builtin_scripting --> on httpd_can_network_connect --> off httpd_can_network_connect_db --> off httpd_can_network_relay --> off httpd_can_sendmail --> on httpd_disable_trans --> off httpd_enable_cgi --> on httpd_enable_ftp_server --> off httpd_enable_homedirs --> on httpd_execmem --> off httpd_read_user_content --> off httpd_rotatelogs_disable_trans --> off httpd_setrlimit --> off httpd_ssi_exec --> off httpd_suexec_disable_trans --> off httpd_tty_comm --> on httpd_unified --> on httpd_use_cifs --> off httpd_use_nfs --> off

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• Issues configuring Exchange 2010 as well as SSL problems.

  - by Eric Smith

  Possibly-Relevant Background Info: I've recently moved up from icky shared hosting to a glorious, Remote Desktop-administrated VPS server running Windows Server 2008 R2. Even though I'm only 21 now and a computer science major, I've tried to play with every Windows Server release since '03, just to learn new things. What usually happens is inevitably I'll do something wrong and pretty much ruin the install. You're dealing with an amateur here :) Through the past few months of working with my new server, I've mastered DNS, IIS, got Team Foundation Server running (yay!), and can install all of the other basics like SQL Server and Active Directory. The Problem: Now, these last few weeks I've been trying to install Exchange Server 2010 (SP1). To make a long story short, it took me several attempts, and I even had to get my server wiped just so I could start fresh since Exchange decided uninstalling properly was for sissies (cost me $20, bah). Today, at long last, I got Exchange mostly working. There were two main problems left, however, that left me unsatisfied: Exchange installed itself and all of its child sites into Default Web Site. I wanted to access Exchange via mail.domain.com, but instead everything was configured to domain.com. My limited server admin knowledge was not enough to configure IIS or Exchange to move itself over to the website I had set up for it, appropriately titled 'mail.domain.com', which I had bound to a dedicated IP address (I was told this was necessary, but he may have been wrong). I have two SSL certificates: one for my main domain and one for my mail subdomain. For whatever reason, I had issues geting Exchange to use my mail certificate, even though I had assigned the proper roles in the MMC. I did, at one point, get it to work (or mostly work, anyways. Frankly, my memory of today is clouded by intense frustration). Additionally, I was confused which type of SSL certificate I should be using for Exchange. My SSL provider, GoDaddy, allows me to request a new certificate whenever, so I can use either the certificate request provided by IIS or the more complicated and specific request you can create with Exchange. Which type should I be using, the IIS or Exchange certificate? If I must use the Exchange certificate, will that 1) cause issues when I bind that certificate to my mail.domain.com subdomain or 2) is that an unnecessary step? The SSL Certificate Strikes Back When I thought I had the proper SSL certificate assigned for those brief, sweet moments, Google Chrome reported the correct mail.domain.com certificate when browsing https://mail.domain.com. However, Outlook 2010 threw up an error when trying to configure my email account claiming that the certificate didn't match the domain of "mail.domain.com". Is this an issue that will be resolved by problem #2 or is it a separate one entirely? Apologies for the massive wall of text, but I wanted to provide as much info as I possibly could. Exchange is the last thing I'd like installed on my server, and naturally it's turning out to be the hardest. Thanks for any info at all. Even a point in a vague direction would be a huge help at this point. Thanks! -Eric P.S.: The reason I keep ruining my install is that when I attempt to uninstall Exchange, something invariably goes wrong. The last time the uninstaller complained that there was still a mailbox active and it couldn't proceed until I deleted it. ... The only mailbox left was the Administrator account, the built-in one I couldn't delete. So I attempted to manually uninstall it following several guides online only to now be stuck unable to launch the installer and have to get my system wiped AGAIN for the second time today ($40 down the drain, bah!). I do not understand at all why "uninstall" just can't mean "hey, you, delete everything and go away". There's not even a force uninstall option, only a "recover system" option that just fails to fix anything and makes it so I can't even use the GUI uninstaller. </rant>

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• Centos 7. Freeradius fails to start on boot

  - by Alex

  I was messing around with FreeRADIUS and MySQL (MariaDB) and it seems FreeRADIUS service can't start properly on startup. But it starts fine using root user or in debug mode (radiusd -X) and works just fine! Debug mode shows no errors. systemctl command shows that radiusd.service has failed to start. /var/log/messages output: Aug 21 15:52:29 nexus-test systemd: Starting The Apache HTTP Server... Aug 21 15:52:29 nexus-test systemd: Starting MariaDB database server... Aug 21 15:52:29 nexus-test systemd: Starting FreeRADIUS high performance RADIUS server.... Aug 21 15:52:29 nexus-test systemd: Started OpenSSH server daemon. Aug 21 15:52:29 nexus-test mysqld_safe: 140821 15:52:29 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log'. Aug 21 15:52:29 nexus-test mysqld_safe: 140821 15:52:29 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql Aug 21 15:52:30 nexus-test systemd: Started Postfix Mail Transport Agent. Aug 21 15:52:30 nexus-test avahi-daemon[604]: Registering new address record for fe80::250:56ff:fe85:e4af on eth0.*. Aug 21 15:52:30 nexus-test systemd: radiusd.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1 Aug 21 15:52:30 nexus-test systemd: Failed to start FreeRADIUS high performance RADIUS server.. Aug 21 15:52:30 nexus-test systemd: Unit radiusd.service entered failed state. Aug 21 15:52:31 nexus-test kdumpctl: kexec: loaded kdump kernel Aug 21 15:52:31 nexus-test kdumpctl: Starting kdump: [OK] Aug 21 15:52:31 nexus-test systemd: Started Crash recovery kernel arming. Aug 21 15:52:31 nexus-test systemd: Started The Apache HTTP Server. Aug 21 15:52:31 nexus-test systemd: Started MariaDB database server. /var/log/radius/radius.log output: Thu Aug 21 15:24:16 2014 : Info: rlm_sql (sql): Driver rlm_sql_mysql (module rlm_sql_mysql) loaded and linked Thu Aug 21 15:24:16 2014 : Info: rlm_sql (sql): Attempting to connect to database "radius" Thu Aug 21 15:24:16 2014 : Info: rlm_sql (sql): Opening additional connection (0) Thu Aug 21 15:24:16 2014 : Error: rlm_sql_mysql: Couldn't connect socket to MySQL server radius@localhost:radius Thu Aug 21 15:24:16 2014 : Error: rlm_sql_mysql: Mysql error 'Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock' (2)' Thu Aug 21 15:24:16 2014 : Error: rlm_sql (sql): Opening connection failed (0) Thu Aug 21 15:24:16 2014 : Error: /etc/raddb/mods-enabled/sql[47]: Instantiation failed for module "sql" After seeing this I tried to replicate the problem, killed mariadb.service and started to run debug mode again. And it spits out the same problem as in the radius.log. I tried disabling iptables and firewalld and rebooting, but no luck: systemctl disable iptables systemctl disable firewalld So maybe the problem is in the process startup order or delay of some kind. Maybe FreeRADIUS's SQL module can't connect to not yet started MariaDB? If it, how can I fix this? In earlier versions of RHEL/CENTOS I know you easily see service start order in like rc.d or stuff, now IDK. I am new to this fancy "systemd", "systemctl", "firewalld" stuff Centos 7 introduced so sorry I'm a little bit confused. Also this new FreeRADIUS 3 structure... PS. MariaDB is enabled on startup, credentials in FR DB configuration are correct A little update: cat /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/radiusd.service output: [Unit] Description=FreeRADIUS high performance RADIUS server. After=syslog.target network.target [Service] Type=forking PIDFile=/var/run/radiusd/radiusd.pid ExecStartPre=-/bin/chown -R radiusd.radiusd /var/run/radiusd ExecStartPre=/usr/sbin/radiusd -C ExecStart=/usr/sbin/radiusd -d /etc/raddb ExecReload=/usr/sbin/radiusd -C ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target

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• Cannot open simple script application on mac

  - by streetpc

  Mac OS X 10.6 I created a very simple app, which is only a wrapper of a shell script (so that I can select this script in application selectors, like startup apps). I try to launch it and yesterday it worked, but today I changed the executable script's content and name (with something that perfeclty works in a shell script launched in the Terminal) and it will only display a Finder-iconed dialog saying Cannot open the application because it is not supported on this kind of Mac. I restored the previous script (content/name) but I still get the error! Same when re-bundling the app from scratch, or completely changing the bundle identifier… If I try to open it in the Terminal using open My.app, I get The application cannot be opened because it has an incorrect executable format. But when I executes directly the Contents/MacOS/Script, it allways works (iwth both contents). Also, it is displayed with correct icon and meta-information in the Finder (so I guess the Info.plist is understood). The app's file tree is: Contents/ Info.plist MacOS/ Script (executable bit set, works when launched directly) PkgInfo Resources/ AppIcon.icns Here is the Info.plist content: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> <plist version="1.0"> <dict> <key>CFBundleExecutable</key> <string>Script</string> <key>CFBundleIconFile</key> <string>AppIcon</string> <key>CFBundleIdentifier</key> <string>asdf.ScriptApp</string> <key>CFBundleInfoDictionaryVersion</key> <string>6.0</string> <key>CFBundleName</key> <string>My script</string> <key>CFBundlePackageType</key> <string>APPL</string> <key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key> <string>1.0</string> <key>CFBundleSignature</key> <string>????</string> <key>CFBundleVersion</key> <string>1</string> <key>LSMinimumSystemVersion</key> <string>10.4</string> </dict> </plist> And the PkgInfo file only contains APPL????. I tested the Script with a simple echo "ok" and echo "ok" >/tmp/test (plus #!/bin/sh header). So my questions are: Is there some kind of validity caching for applications ? based on what ? how do I flush it ? Where does this message come from ? I tried to google it but all I get is a page talking about 32/64 bits Java…

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• Cannot open simplest mac application

  - by streetpc

  I created a very simple app, which is only a wrapper of a shell script (so that I can select this script in application selectors, like startup apps). I try to launch it and yesterday it worked, but today I changed the executable script's content and name (with something that perfeclty works in a shell script launched in the Terminal) and it will only display a Finder-iconed dialog saying Cannot open the application because it is not supported on this kind of Mac. I restored the previous script (content/name) but I still get the error! Same when re-bundling the app from scratch, or completely changing the bundle identifier… If I try to open it in the Terminal using open My.app, I get The application cannot be opened because it has an incorrect executable format. But when I executes directly the Contents/MacOS/Script, it allways works (iwth both contents). Also, it is displayed with correct icon and meta-information in the Finder (so I guess the Info.plist is understood). The app's file tree is: Contents/ Info.plist MacOS/ Script (executable bit set, works when launched directly) PkgInfo Resources/ AppIcon.icns Here is the Info.plist content: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> <plist version="1.0"> <dict> <key>CFBundleExecutable</key> <string>Script</string> <key>CFBundleIconFile</key> <string>AppIcon</string> <key>CFBundleIdentifier</key> <string>asdf.ScriptApp</string> <key>CFBundleInfoDictionaryVersion</key> <string>6.0</string> <key>CFBundleName</key> <string>My script</string> <key>CFBundlePackageType</key> <string>APPL</string> <key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key> <string>1.0</string> <key>CFBundleSignature</key> <string>????</string> <key>CFBundleVersion</key> <string>1</string> <key>LSMinimumSystemVersion</key> <string>10.4</string> </dict> </plist> And the PkgInfo file only contains APPL????. I tested the Script with a simple echo "ok" and echo "ok" >/tmp/test (plus #!/bin/sh header). So my questions are: * Is there some kind of validity caching for applications ? based on what ? how do I flush it ? * Where does this message come from ? I tried to google it but all I get is a page talking about 32/64 bits Java…

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• Cannot open simplest script mac application

  - by streetpc

  I created a very simple app, which is only a wrapper of a shell script (so that I can select this script in application selectors, like startup apps). I try to launch it and yesterday it worked, but today I changed the executable script's content and name (with something that perfeclty works in a shell script launched in the Terminal) and it will only display a Finder-iconed dialog saying Cannot open the application because it is not supported on this kind of Mac. I restored the previous script (content/name) but I still get the error! Same when re-bundling the app from scratch, or completely changing the bundle identifier… If I try to open it in the Terminal using open My.app, I get The application cannot be opened because it has an incorrect executable format. But when I executes directly the Contents/MacOS/Script, it allways works (iwth both contents). Also, it is displayed with correct icon and meta-information in the Finder (so I guess the Info.plist is understood). The app's file tree is: Contents/ Info.plist MacOS/ Script (executable bit set, works when launched directly) PkgInfo Resources/ AppIcon.icns Here is the Info.plist content: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> <plist version="1.0"> <dict> <key>CFBundleExecutable</key> <string>Script</string> <key>CFBundleIconFile</key> <string>AppIcon</string> <key>CFBundleIdentifier</key> <string>asdf.ScriptApp</string> <key>CFBundleInfoDictionaryVersion</key> <string>6.0</string> <key>CFBundleName</key> <string>My script</string> <key>CFBundlePackageType</key> <string>APPL</string> <key>CFBundleShortVersionString</key> <string>1.0</string> <key>CFBundleSignature</key> <string>????</string> <key>CFBundleVersion</key> <string>1</string> <key>LSMinimumSystemVersion</key> <string>10.4</string> </dict> </plist> And the PkgInfo file only contains APPL????. I tested the Script with a simple echo "ok" and echo "ok" >/tmp/test (plus #!/bin/sh header). So my questions are: Is there some kind of validity caching for applications ? based on what ? how do I flush it ? Where does this message come from ? I tried to google it but all I get is a page talking about 32/64 bits Java…

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• "The server closed the connection without sending any data"

  - by Toby

  Server setup The problem Diagnostic information What I've tried Specific Help needed 1. I have the following server setup: Debian Squeeze Linux 2.6.32-5-amd64 Apache2-mpm-prefork 2.2.16-6+squeeze10 PHP 5.3.3-7+squeeze14 This server is protected with the Suhosin Patch 0.9.9.1 Max Requests Per Child: 0 - Keep Alive: on - Max Per Connection: 100 Timeouts Connection: 300 - Keep-Alive: 15 Loaded Modules core mod_log_config mod_logio prefork http_core mod_so mod_alias mod_auth_basic mod_auth_digest mod_authn_file mod_authz_default mod_authz_groupfile mod_authz_host mod_authz_user mod_cgi mod_deflate mod_dir mod_env mod_mime mod_negotiation mod_php5 mod_reqtimeout mod_rewrite mod_setenvif mod_ssl mod_status Wordpress 3.4.2 (Upgrading to 3.5 soon :) 2. The problem When I restart the server (sudo shutdown -r now), going to any website page results in the following error from the web browser (in this case, Google Chrome, but other browsers also show the same error). This error can also occur an hour or so after all is working ok, seemingly randomly, which is my biggest concern as it means my server is not reliable: No data received Unable to load the web page because the server sent no data. Here are some suggestions: Reload this web page later. Error 324 (net::ERR_EMPTY_RESPONSE): The server closed the connection without sending any data. 3. Diagnostic information The apache error log contains the folowing entries: [Fri Dec 14 22:23:27 2012] [notice] child pid 1955 exit signal Floating point exception (8) [Fri Dec 14 22:23:27 2012] [notice] child pid 1956 exit signal Floating point exception (8) [Fri Dec 14 22:23:29 2012] [notice] child pid 1957 exit signal Floating point exception (8) [Fri Dec 14 22:23:30 2012] [notice] child pid 1958 exit signal Floating point exception (8) [Fri Dec 14 22:23:32 2012] [notice] child pid 1959 exit signal Floating point exception (8) [Fri Dec 14 22:23:32 2012] [notice] child pid 1960 exit signal Floating point exception (8) [Fri Dec 14 22:23:34 2012] [notice] child pid 1961 exit signal Floating point exception (8) [Fri Dec 14 22:23:34 2012] [notice] child pid 1962 exit signal Floating point exception (8) 4. What I've tried a) I can 'fix' the website temporarily by resetting the server twice (resetting it once does not work) using the following commands. NB: the 'reload' option does not work, I have to use restart twice. However, the error can reoccur sometime later. sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart b) I have tried disabling suhosin by uninstalling php5-suhosin, but a php info page still shows "This server is protected with the Suhosin Patch 0.9.9.1". I have tried putting Suhosin into simulation mode by creating a file /etc/php5/apache2/conf.d/suhosin.ini containing: [suhosin] suhosin.simulation = On The php info page shows the suhosin.ini file in the list of "Additional .ini files parsed" but the php info page still shows "This server is protected with the Suhosin Patch 0.9.9.1" c) Increasing the PHP memory limit In /etc/php5/apache2/ : ; Maximum amount of memory a script may consume (128MB) ; http://php.net/memory-limit memory_limit = 512M d) Disabling all Wordpress plugins, and going back to the default theme. 5. Specific help needed I would very much like help in debugging what is going on here. I am not sure how to determine what processes are in the Apache error log which are exiting "[notice] child pid 1955 exit signal Floating point exception (8)", or what is causing them to exit. And whether suhosin is part of the problem (and how to disable it if it is). Thank you in advance for any advice or tips you can offer in helping me debug this.

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• BIND no longer responds to AXFR Requests

  - by djsumdog

  Recently we moved our primary external DNS server. It has three caching DNS slaves in front of it provided by our ISP. They've told us they've started getting access denied requests when doing zone transfers (AXFR). If I add in my own IPs to the allow-transfer list, I also get a transfer failed when using dig with the AXFR argument. Here is what my bind configuration looks like: options { directory "/var/lib/named"; dump-file "/var/log/named_dump.db"; zone-statistics yes; statistics-file "/var/log/named.stats"; listen-on-v6 { any; }; notify-source 10.19.0.68 port 53; querylog yes; notify yes; allow-transfer { 127.0.0.1; //localhost 1.1.1.1; //public dns slave 1 2.2.2.2; //public dns slave 2 3.3.3.3; //public dns slave 3 }; also-notify { 1.1.1.1; //public dns slave 1 2.2.2.2; //public dns slave 2 3.3.3.3; //public dns slave 3 }; include "/etc/named.d/forwarders.conf"; }; logging { channel simple_log { file "/var/log/bind.log" versions 10 size 3m; severity info; print-time yes; print-severity yes; print-category yes; }; category default{ simple_log; }; channel log_zone_transfers { file "/var/log/axfr.log" versions 10 size 3m; print-time yes; print-category yes; print-severity yes; }; category xfer-out { log_zone_transfers; }; channel log_notify { file "/var/log/notify.log" versions 10 size 3m; print-time yes; print-category yes; print-severity yes; }; category notify { log_notify; }; channel queries { file "/var/log/queries.log" versions 10 size 30m; print-time yes; severity info; print-category yes; print-severity yes; }; category queries { queries; }; }; zone "." in { type hint; file "root.hint"; }; zone "localhost" in { type master; file "localhost.zone"; }; zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" in { type master; file "127.0.0.zone"; }; include "/etc/named.conf.include"; zone "example.net " { type master; file "/var/lib/named/master/example.net.hosts"; }; zone "example.com " { type master; file "/var/lib/named/master/example.com.hosts"; }; ## -- other master files -- And the errors in the xfer log look like the following: 29-Oct-2012 14:20:02.806 xfer-out: info: client 1.1.1.1#59069: bad zone transfer request: 'example.com./IN': non-authoritative zone (NOTAUTH) I've tried adding allow-transfer parameters directly on the zone files and still get failed transfers. Any idea what I'm doing wrong?

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• A single request appears to have come from all the browsers? Should I be worried?

  - by HorusKol

  I was looking over my site access logs when I noticed a request with the following user agent string: "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.9.2.12) Gecko/20101026 Firefox/3.6.12\",\"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; pl-PL; rv:1.8.1.24pre) Gecko/20100228 K-Meleon/1.5.4\",\"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux x86_64; en-US) AppleWebKit/540.0 (KHTML,like Gecko) Chrome/9.1.0.0 Safari/540.0\",\"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/532.5 (KHTML, like Gecko) Comodo_Dragon/4.1.1.11 Chrome/4.1.249.1042 Safari/532.5\",\"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686 (x86_64); en-US; rv:1.9.0.16) Gecko/2009122206 Firefox/3.0.16 Flock/2.5.6\",\"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.0; en-US) AppleWebKit/533.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Maxthon/3.0.8.2 Safari/533.1\",\"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.0; en-US; rv:1.8.1.8pre) Gecko/20070928 Firefox/2.0.0.7 Navigator/9.0RC1\",\"Opera/9.99 (Windows NT 5.1; U; pl) Presto/9.9.9\",\"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; zh-HK) AppleWebKit/533.18.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/5.0.2 Safari/533.18.5\",\"Seamonkey-1.1.13-1(X11; U; GNU Fedora fc 10) Gecko/20081112\",\"Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; Trident/5.0; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; SLCC2; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; Zune 4.0; Tablet PC 2.0; InfoPath.3; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)\",\"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; MS-RTC LM 8; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E; InfoPath.3)" The request appears to have originated from 91.121.153.210 - which appears to be owned by these guys: http://www.medialta.eu/accueil.html I find this rather impressive - a request from 'all' user-agents. There's actually quite a few of these requests over at least the few days - so it naturally piqued my interested. Searching Google simply seems to produce a very long list of websites which make their Apache access logs publicly available... Is this some weird indication that we're being targeted? And by who?

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• Now Customers Can Actually Locate Your Resources with URL Rewriter 2.0 RTW

  - by The Official Microsoft IIS Site

  Today, Microsoft announced the final release of IIS URL Rewriter 2.0 RTW . Now the first reason might be obvious why you would want to rewrite a URL – when you are at a cocktail party with loud music and tasty appetizers and a potential customer asks you where they can get more info on your snazzy new idea. And you proudly blurt out next to their ear over the roar of the bass, “Just go to h-t-t-p colon slash slash w-w-w dot my new idea dot com slash items dot a-s-p-x question mark cat ID equals new...(read more)

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• Removing the XML Formatter from ASP.NET Web API Applications

  - by Rick Strahl

  ASP.NET Web API's default output format is supposed to be JSON, but when I access my Web APIs using the browser address bar I'm always seeing an XML result instead. When working on AJAX application I like to test many of my AJAX APIs with the browser while working on them. While I can't debug all requests this way, GET requests are easy to test in the browser especially if you have JSON viewing options set up in your various browsers. If I preview a Web API request in most browsers I get an XML response like this: Why is that? Web API checks the HTTP Accept headers of a request to determine what type of output it should return by looking for content typed that it has formatters registered for. This automatic negotiation is one of the great features of Web API because it makes it easy and transparent to request different kinds of output from the server. In the case of browsers it turns out that most send Accept headers that look like this (Chrome in this case): Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8 Web API inspects the entire list of headers from left to right (plus the quality/priority flag q=) and tries to find a media type that matches its list of supported media types in the list of formatters registered. In this case it matches application/xml to the Xml formatter and so that's what gets returned and displayed. To verify that Web API indeed defaults to JSON output by default you can open the request in Fiddler and pop it into the Request Composer, remove the application/xml header and see that the output returned comes back in JSON instead. An accept header like this: Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,*/*;q=0.9 or leaving the Accept header out altogether should give you a JSON response. Interestingly enough Internet Explorer 9 also displays JSON because it doesn't include an application/xml Accept header: Accept: text/html, application/xhtml+xml, */* which for once actually seems more sensible. Removing the XML Formatter We can't easily change the browser Accept headers (actually you can by delving into the config but it's a bit of a hassle), so can we change the behavior on the server? When working on AJAX applications I tend to not be interested in XML results and I always want to see JSON results at least during development. Web API uses a collection of formatters and you can go through this list and remove the ones you don't want to use - in this case the XmlMediaTypeFormatter. To do this you can work with the HttpConfiguration object and the static GlobalConfiguration object used to configure it: protected void Application_Start(object sender, EventArgs e) { // Action based routing (used for RPC calls) RouteTable.Routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "StockApi", routeTemplate: "stocks/{action}/{symbol}", defaults: new { symbol = RouteParameter.Optional, controller = "StockApi" } ); // WebApi Configuration to hook up formatters and message handlers RegisterApis(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration); } public static void RegisterApis(HttpConfiguration config) { // remove default Xml handler var matches = config.Formatters .Where(f = f.SupportedMediaTypes .Where(m = m.MediaType.ToString() == "application/xml" || m.MediaType.ToString() == "text/xml") .Count() 0) .ToList() ; foreach (var match in matches) config.Formatters.Remove(match); } } That LINQ code is quite a mouthful of nested collections, but it does the trick to remove the formatter based on the content type. You can also look for the specific formatter (XmlMediatTypeFormatter) by its type name which is simpler, but it's better to search for the supported types as this will work even if there are other custom formatters added. Once removed, now the browser request results in a JSON response: It's a simple solution to a small debugging task that's made my life easier. Maybe you find it useful too…© Rick Strahl, West Wind Technologies, 2005-2012Posted in Web Api  ASP.NET   Tweet !function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];if(!d.getElementById(id)){js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src="//platform.twitter.com/widgets.js";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}}(document,"script","twitter-wjs"); (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(po, s); })();

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• Why is there a /etc/init.d/mysql file on this Slackware machine? How could it have gotten there?

  - by jasonspiro

  A client of my IT-consulting service owns a web-development shop. He's been having problems with a Slackware 12.0 server running MySQL 5.0.67. The machine was set up by the client's sysadmin, who left on bad terms. My client no longer employs a sysadmin. As far as I can tell, the only copy of MySQL that's installed is the one described in /var/log/packages/mysql-5.0.67-i486-1: PACKAGE NAME: mysql-5.0.67-i486-1 COMPRESSED PACKAGE SIZE: 16828 K UNCOMPRESSED PACKAGE SIZE: 33840 K PACKAGE LOCATION: /var/slapt-get/archives/./slackware/ap/mysql-5.0.67-i486-1.tgz PACKAGE DESCRIPTION: mysql: mysql (SQL-based relational database server) mysql: mysql: MySQL is a fast, multi-threaded, multi-user, and robust SQL mysql: (Structured Query Language) database server. It comes with a nice API mysql: which makes it easy to integrate into other applications. mysql: mysql: The home page for MySQL is http://www.mysql.com/ mysql: mysql: mysql: mysql: FILE LIST: ./ var/ var/lib/ var/lib/mysql/ var/run/ var/run/mysql/ install/ install/doinst.sh install/slack-desc usr/ usr/include/ usr/include/mysql/ usr/include/mysql/my_alloc.h usr/include/mysql/sql_common.h usr/include/mysql/my_dbug.h usr/include/mysql/errmsg.h usr/include/mysql/my_pthread.h usr/include/mysql/my_list.h usr/include/mysql/mysql.h usr/include/mysql/sslopt-vars.h usr/include/mysql/my_config.h usr/include/mysql/mysql_com.h usr/include/mysql/m_string.h usr/include/mysql/sslopt-case.h usr/include/mysql/my_xml.h usr/include/mysql/sql_state.h usr/include/mysql/my_global.h usr/include/mysql/my_sys.h usr/include/mysql/mysqld_ername.h usr/include/mysql/mysqld_error.h usr/include/mysql/sslopt-longopts.h usr/include/mysql/keycache.h usr/include/mysql/my_net.h usr/include/mysql/mysql_version.h usr/include/mysql/my_no_pthread.h usr/include/mysql/decimal.h usr/include/mysql/readline.h usr/include/mysql/my_attribute.h usr/include/mysql/typelib.h usr/include/mysql/my_dir.h usr/include/mysql/raid.h usr/include/mysql/m_ctype.h usr/include/mysql/mysql_embed.h usr/include/mysql/mysql_time.h usr/include/mysql/my_getopt.h usr/lib/ usr/lib/mysql/ usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.so.15.0.0 usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.la usr/lib/mysql/libmyisammrg.a usr/lib/mysql/libmystrings.a usr/lib/mysql/libmyisam.a usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.so.15.0.0 usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient_r.a usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.a usr/lib/mysql/libheap.a usr/lib/mysql/libvio.a usr/lib/mysql/libmysqlclient.la usr/lib/mysql/libmysys.a usr/lib/mysql/libdbug.a usr/bin/ usr/bin/comp_err usr/bin/my_print_defaults usr/bin/resolve_stack_dump usr/bin/msql2mysql usr/bin/mysqltestmanager-pwgen usr/bin/myisampack usr/bin/replace usr/bin/mysqld_multi usr/bin/mysqlaccess usr/bin/mysql_install_db usr/bin/innochecksum usr/bin/myisam_ftdump usr/bin/mysqlcheck usr/bin/mysqltest usr/bin/mysql_upgrade_shell usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation usr/bin/mysql_fix_extensions usr/bin/mysqld_safe usr/bin/mysql_explain_log usr/bin/mysqlimport usr/bin/myisamlog usr/bin/mysql_tzinfo_to_sql usr/bin/mysql_upgrade usr/bin/mysqltestmanager usr/bin/mysql_fix_privilege_tables usr/bin/mysql_find_rows usr/bin/mysql_convert_table_format usr/bin/mysqltestmanagerc usr/bin/mysqlhotcopy usr/bin/mysqldump usr/bin/mysqlshow usr/bin/mysqlbug usr/bin/mysql_config usr/bin/mysqldumpslow usr/bin/mysql_waitpid usr/bin/mysqlbinlog usr/bin/mysql_client_test usr/bin/perror usr/bin/mysql usr/bin/myisamchk usr/bin/mysql_setpermission usr/bin/mysqladmin usr/bin/mysql_zap usr/bin/mysql_tableinfo usr/bin/resolveip usr/share/ usr/share/mysql/ usr/share/mysql/errmsg.txt usr/share/mysql/swedish/ usr/share/mysql/swedish/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mysql_system_tables_data.sql usr/share/mysql/mysql.server usr/share/mysql/hungarian/ usr/share/mysql/hungarian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/norwegian/ usr/share/mysql/norwegian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/slovak/ usr/share/mysql/slovak/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/spanish/ usr/share/mysql/spanish/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/polish/ usr/share/mysql/polish/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/ukrainian/ usr/share/mysql/ukrainian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/danish/ usr/share/mysql/danish/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/romanian/ usr/share/mysql/romanian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/english/ usr/share/mysql/english/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/charsets/ usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin2.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/greek.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/koi8r.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin1.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp866.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/geostd8.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1250.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/koi8u.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp852.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/hebrew.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin7.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/README usr/share/mysql/charsets/ascii.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1251.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/macce.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/latin5.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/macroman.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1256.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/keybcs2.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/swe7.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/armscii8.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/dec8.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp1257.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/hp8.xml usr/share/mysql/charsets/cp850.xml usr/share/mysql/korean/ usr/share/mysql/korean/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/german/ usr/share/mysql/german/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mi_test_all.res usr/share/mysql/greek/ usr/share/mysql/greek/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/french/ usr/share/mysql/french/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mysql_fix_privilege_tables.sql usr/share/mysql/dutch/ usr/share/mysql/dutch/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/serbian/ usr/share/mysql/serbian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mysql_system_tables.sql usr/share/mysql/my-huge.cnf usr/share/mysql/portuguese/ usr/share/mysql/portuguese/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/japanese/ usr/share/mysql/japanese/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/mysql_test_data_timezone.sql usr/share/mysql/russian/ usr/share/mysql/russian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/czech/ usr/share/mysql/czech/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/fill_help_tables.sql usr/share/mysql/estonian/ usr/share/mysql/estonian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf usr/share/mysql/norwegian-ny/ usr/share/mysql/norwegian-ny/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/my-small.cnf usr/share/mysql/mysql-log-rotate usr/share/mysql/italian/ usr/share/mysql/italian/errmsg.sys usr/share/mysql/my-large.cnf usr/share/mysql/ndb-config-2-node.ini usr/share/mysql/binary-configure usr/share/mysql/mi_test_all usr/share/mysql/mysqld_multi.server usr/share/mysql/my-innodb-heavy-4G.cnf usr/doc/ usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/ usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/README usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/Docs/ usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/Docs/INSTALL-BINARY usr/doc/mysql-5.0.67/COPYING usr/info/ usr/info/mysql.info.gz usr/libexec/ usr/libexec/mysqld usr/libexec/mysqlmanager usr/man/ usr/man/man8/ usr/man/man8/mysqlmanager.8.gz usr/man/man8/mysqld.8.gz usr/man/man1/ usr/man/man1/mysql_zap.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_setpermission.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_tzinfo_to_sql.1.gz usr/man/man1/msql2mysql.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_tableinfo.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_explain_log.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlcheck.1.gz usr/man/man1/comp_err.1.gz usr/man/man1/my_print_defaults.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlbinlog.1.gz usr/man/man1/myisam_ftdump.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_upgrade.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_client_test.1.gz usr/man/man1/resolve_stack_dump.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_fix_extensions.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlmanagerc.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_config.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlshow.1.gz usr/man/man1/myisamlog.1.gz usr/man/man1/replace.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlmanager-pwgen.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqltest.1.gz usr/man/man1/innochecksum.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqladmin.1.gz usr/man/man1/perror.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_waitpid.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_convert_table_format.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlman.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlimport.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlbug.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_find_rows.1.gz usr/man/man1/myisampack.1.gz usr/man/man1/myisamchk.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_fix_privilege_tables.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql-stress-test.pl.1.gz usr/man/man1/resolveip.1.gz usr/man/man1/make_win_bin_dist.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlhotcopy.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqld_multi.1.gz usr/man/man1/safe_mysqld.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_secure_installation.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql_install_db.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqldump.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql-test-run.pl.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqld_safe.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysqlaccess.1.gz usr/man/man1/mysql.server.1.gz usr/man/man1/make_win_src_distribution.1.gz etc/ etc/rc.d/ etc/rc.d/rc.mysqld.new etc/my-huge.cnf etc/my-medium.cnf etc/my-small.cnf etc/my-large.cnf /etc/rc.d/rc.mysqld is an ordinary Slackware-type start/stop script: #!/bin/sh # Start/stop/restart mysqld. # # Copyright 2003 Patrick J. Volkerding, Concord, CA # Copyright 2003 Slackware Linux, Inc., Concord, CA # # This program comes with NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. # You may redistribute copies of this program under the terms of the # GNU General Public License. # To start MySQL automatically at boot, be sure this script is executable: # chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/rc.mysqld # Before you can run MySQL, you must have a database. To install an initial # database, do this as root: # # su - mysql # mysql_install_db # # Note that step one is becoming the mysql user. It's important to do this # before making any changes to the database, or mysqld won't be able to write # to it later (this can be fixed with 'chown -R mysql.mysql /var/lib/mysql'). # To allow outside connections to the database comment out the next line. # If you don't need incoming network connections, then leave the line # uncommented to improve system security. #SKIP="--skip-networking" # Start mysqld: mysqld_start() { if [ -x /usr/bin/mysqld_safe ]; then # If there is an old PID file (no mysqld running), clean it up: if [ -r /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid ]; then if ! ps axc | grep mysqld 1> /dev/null 2> /dev/null ; then echo "Cleaning up old /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid." rm -f /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid fi fi /usr/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/var/lib/mysql --pid-file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid $SKIP & fi } # Stop mysqld: mysqld_stop() { # If there is no PID file, ignore this request... if [ -r /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid ]; then killall mysqld # Wait at least one minute for it to exit, as we don't know how big the DB is... for second in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 \ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 60 ; do if [ ! -r /var/run/mysql/mysql.pid ]; then break; fi sleep 1 done if [ "$second" = "60" ]; then echo "WARNING: Gave up waiting for mysqld to exit!" sleep 15 fi fi } # Restart mysqld: mysqld_restart() { mysqld_stop mysqld_start } case "$1" in 'start') mysqld_start ;; 'stop') mysqld_stop ;; 'restart') mysqld_restart ;; *) echo "usage $0 start|stop|restart" esac But there's also an unexpected init script on the machine, named /etc/init.d/mysql: #!/bin/sh # Copyright Abandoned 1996 TCX DataKonsult AB & Monty Program KB & Detron HB # This file is public domain and comes with NO WARRANTY of any kind # MySQL daemon start/stop script. # Usually this is put in /etc/init.d (at least on machines SYSV R4 based # systems) and linked to /etc/rc3.d/S99mysql and /etc/rc0.d/K01mysql. # When this is done the mysql server will be started when the machine is # started and shut down when the systems goes down. # Comments to support chkconfig on RedHat Linux # chkconfig: 2345 64 36 # description: A very fast and reliable SQL database engine. # Comments to support LSB init script conventions ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: mysql # Required-Start: $local_fs $network $remote_fs # Should-Start: ypbind nscd ldap ntpd xntpd # Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $remote_fs # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: start and stop MySQL # Description: MySQL is a very fast and reliable SQL database engine. ### END INIT INFO # If you install MySQL on some other places than /usr, then you # have to do one of the following things for this script to work: # # - Run this script from within the MySQL installation directory # - Create a /etc/my.cnf file with the following information: # [mysqld] # basedir=<path-to-mysql-installation-directory> # - Add the above to any other configuration file (for example ~/.my.ini) # and copy my_print_defaults to /usr/bin # - Add the path to the mysql-installation-directory to the basedir variable # below. # # If you want to affect other MySQL variables, you should make your changes # in the /etc/my.cnf, ~/.my.cnf or other MySQL configuration files. # If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get # overwritten by settings in the MySQL configuration files. #basedir= #datadir= # Default value, in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting # for server start. # Value here is overriden by value in my.cnf. # 0 means don't wait at all # Negative numbers mean to wait indefinitely service_startup_timeout=900 # The following variables are only set for letting mysql.server find things. # Set some defaults pid_file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid server_pid_file=/var/run/mysql/mysql.pid use_mysqld_safe=1 user=mysql if test -z "$basedir" then basedir=/usr bindir=/usr/bin if test -z "$datadir" then datadir=/var/lib/mysql fi sbindir=/usr/sbin libexecdir=/usr/libexec else bindir="$basedir/bin" if test -z "$datadir" then datadir="$basedir/data" fi sbindir="$basedir/sbin" libexecdir="$basedir/libexec" fi # datadir_set is used to determine if datadir was set (and so should be # *not* set inside of the --basedir= handler.) datadir_set= # # Use LSB init script functions for printing messages, if possible # lsb_functions="/lib/lsb/init-functions" if test -f $lsb_functions ; then . $lsb_functions else log_success_msg() { echo " SUCCESS! $@" } log_failure_msg() { echo " ERROR! $@" } fi PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin:$basedir/bin export PATH mode=$1 # start or stop shift other_args="$*" # uncommon, but needed when called from an RPM upgrade action # Expected: "--skip-networking --skip-grant-tables" # They are not checked here, intentionally, as it is the resposibility # of the "spec" file author to give correct arguments only. case `echo "testing\c"`,`echo -n testing` in *c*,-n*) echo_n= echo_c= ;; *c*,*) echo_n=-n echo_c= ;; *) echo_n= echo_c='\c' ;; esac parse_server_arguments() { for arg do case "$arg" in --basedir=*) basedir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` bindir="$basedir/bin" if test -z "$datadir_set"; then datadir="$basedir/data" fi sbindir="$basedir/sbin" libexecdir="$basedir/libexec" ;; --datadir=*) datadir=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` datadir_set=1 ;; --user=*) user=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; --pid-file=*) server_pid_file=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; --service-startup-timeout=*) service_startup_timeout=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; --use-mysqld_safe) use_mysqld_safe=1;; --use-manager) use_mysqld_safe=0;; esac done } parse_manager_arguments() { for arg do case "$arg" in --pid-file=*) pid_file=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; --user=*) user=`echo "$arg" | sed -e 's/^[^=]*=//'` ;; esac done } wait_for_pid () { verb="$1" manager_pid="$2" # process ID of the program operating on the pid-file i=0 avoid_race_condition="by checking again" while test $i -ne $service_startup_timeout ; do case "$verb" in 'created') # wait for a PID-file to pop into existence. test -s $pid_file && i='' && break ;; 'removed') # wait for this PID-file to disappear test ! -s $pid_file && i='' && break ;; *) echo "wait_for_pid () usage: wait_for_pid created|removed manager_pid" exit 1 ;; esac # if manager isn't running, then pid-file will never be updated if test -n "$manager_pid"; then if kill -0 "$manager_pid" 2>/dev/null; then : # the manager still runs else # The manager may have exited between the last pid-file check and now. if test -n "$avoid_race_condition"; then avoid_race_condition="" continue # Check again. fi # there's nothing that will affect the file. log_failure_msg "Manager of pid-file quit without updating file." return 1 # not waiting any more. fi fi echo $echo_n ".$echo_c" i=`expr $i + 1` sleep 1 done if test -z "$i" ; then log_success_msg return 0 else log_failure_msg return 1 fi } # Get arguments from the my.cnf file, # the only group, which is read from now on is [mysqld] if test -x ./bin/my_print_defaults then print_defaults="./bin/my_print_defaults" elif test -x $bindir/my_print_defaults then print_defaults="$bindir/my_print_defaults" elif test -x $bindir/mysql_print_defaults then print_defaults="$bindir/mysql_print_defaults" else # Try to find basedir in /etc/my.cnf conf=/etc/my.cnf print_defaults= if test -r $conf then subpat='^[^=]*basedir[^=]*=\(.*\)$' dirs=`sed -e "/$subpat/!d" -e 's//\1/' $conf` for d in $dirs do d=`echo $d | sed -e 's/[ ]//g'` if test -x "$d/bin/my_print_defaults" then print_defaults="$d/bin/my_print_defaults" break fi if test -x "$d/bin/mysql_print_defaults" then print_defaults="$d/bin/mysql_print_defaults" break fi done fi # Hope it's in the PATH ... but I doubt it test -z "$print_defaults" && print_defaults="my_print_defaults" fi # # Read defaults file from 'basedir'. If there is no defaults file there # check if it's in the old (depricated) place (datadir) and read it from there # extra_args="" if test -r "$basedir/my.cnf" then extra_args="-e $basedir/my.cnf" else if test -r "$datadir/my.cnf" then extra_args="-e $datadir/my.cnf" fi fi parse_server_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args mysqld server mysql_server mysql.server` # Look for the pidfile parse_manager_arguments `$print_defaults $extra_args manager` # # Set pid file if not given # if test -z "$pid_file" then pid_file=$datadir/mysqlmanager-`/bin/hostname`.pid else case "$pid_file" in /* ) ;; * ) pid_file="$datadir/$pid_file" ;; esac fi if test -z "$server_pid_file" then server_pid_file=$datadir/`/bin/hostname`.pid else case "$server_pid_file" in /* ) ;; * ) server_pid_file="$datadir/$server_pid_file" ;; esac fi case "$mode" in 'start') # Start daemon # Safeguard (relative paths, core dumps..) cd $basedir manager=$bindir/mysqlmanager if test -x $libexecdir/mysqlmanager then manager=$libexecdir/mysqlmanager elif test -x $sbindir/mysqlmanager then manager=$sbindir/mysqlmanager fi echo $echo_n "Starting MySQL" if test -x $manager -a "$use_mysqld_safe" = "0" then if test -n "$other_args" then log_failure_msg "MySQL manager does not support options '$other_args'" exit 1 fi # Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script may # be overwritten at next upgrade. $manager --user=$user --pid-file=$pid_file >/dev/null 2>&1 & wait_for_pid created $!; return_value=$? # Make lock for RedHat / SuSE if test -w /var/lock/subsys then touch /var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager fi exit $return_value elif test -x $bindir/mysqld_safe then # Give extra arguments to mysqld with the my.cnf file. This script # may be overwritten at next upgrade. pid_file=$server_pid_file $bindir/mysqld_safe --datadir=$datadir --pid-file=$server_pid_file $other_args >/dev/null 2>&1 & wait_for_pid created $!; return_value=$? # Make lock for RedHat / SuSE if test -w /var/lock/subsys then touch /var/lock/subsys/mysql fi exit $return_value else log_failure_msg "Couldn't find MySQL manager ($manager) or server ($bindir/mysqld_safe)" fi ;; 'stop') # Stop daemon. We use a signal here to avoid having to know the # root password. # The RedHat / SuSE lock directory to remove lock_dir=/var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager # If the manager pid_file doesn't exist, try the server's if test ! -s "$pid_file" then pid_file=$server_pid_file lock_dir=/var/lock/subsys/mysql fi if test -s "$pid_file" then mysqlmanager_pid=`cat $pid_file` echo $echo_n "Shutting down MySQL" kill $mysqlmanager_pid # mysqlmanager should remove the pid_file when it exits, so wait for it. wait_for_pid removed "$mysqlmanager_pid"; return_value=$? # delete lock for RedHat / SuSE if test -f $lock_dir then rm -f $lock_dir fi exit $return_value else log_failure_msg "MySQL manager or server PID file could not be found!" fi ;; 'restart') # Stop the service and regardless of whether it was # running or not, start it again. if $0 stop $other_args; then $0 start $other_args else log_failure_msg "Failed to stop running server, so refusing to try to start." exit 1 fi ;; 'reload'|'force-reload') if test -s "$server_pid_file" ; then read mysqld_pid < $server_pid_file kill -HUP $mysqld_pid && log_success_msg "Reloading service MySQL" touch $server_pid_file else log_failure_msg "MySQL PID file could not be found!" exit 1 fi ;; 'status') # First, check to see if pid file exists if test -s "$server_pid_file" ; then read mysqld_pid < $server_pid_file if kill -0 $mysqld_pid 2>/dev/null ; then log_success_msg "MySQL running ($mysqld_pid)" exit 0 else log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but PID file exists" exit 1 fi else # Try to find appropriate mysqld process mysqld_pid=`pidof $sbindir/mysqld` if test -z $mysqld_pid ; then if test "$use_mysqld_safe" = "0" ; then lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/mysqlmanager else lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/mysql fi if test -f $lockfile ; then log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running, but lock exists" exit 2 fi log_failure_msg "MySQL is not running" exit 3 else log_failure_msg "MySQL is running but PID file could not be found" exit 4 fi fi ;; *) # usage echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status} [ MySQL server options ]" exit 1 ;; esac exit 0 An unimportant aside: The previous users of the machine kept a messy home directory. Their home directory was /root. I've pasted a copy at http://www.pastebin.ca/2167496. My question: Why is there a /etc/init.d/mysql file on this Slackware machine? How could it have gotten there? P.S. This question is far from perfect. Please feel free to edit it.

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• Silverlight Cream for April 29, 2010 -- #851

  - by Dave Campbell

  In this Issue: Carlos Figueira(-2-), Subodh Pushpak, Gergely Orosz, John Papa, Mike Snow(-2-), Rishi, Tim Heuer, Stefan Olson, and David Anson. Shoutouts: Josh Holmes blogged about a cool app the City of Miami has up: Miami 311: Built on Windows Azure Gergely Orosz reports on the state of a bug he found pre SL4: Silverlight 4 still displays large elements incorrectly Laura Foy and Charlie Kindel discuss WP7 on Channel 9: Windows Phone 7 Developer Tools Refresh Announced Charlie Kindel has an announcement, good instructions, and what's new notes on the Windows Phone Developer Tools CTP Refresh! Tim Heuer mentioned the workaround for this in his post (below), but I thought you might like to read Brandon Watson's debrief of what it's all about: Signed Assemblies Bug in the Windows Phone Tools CTP Refresh Laurent Bugnion posted about interrelations between versions of Blend and WP7 code... read it closely: Be careful when installing the Blend Windows Phone 7 Add-In From SilverlightCream.com: Consuming REST/POX services in Silverlight 4 Carlos Figueira has a pair of posts up about consuming services in Silverlight 4. This first one is about consuming REST/POX services. He provides a Service Contract that can be used with either and the full project code is available as well. Consuming REST/JSON services in Silverlight 4 In the second post, Carlos Figueira provides the code to allow WCF and Silverlight 4 to consume strongly-typed REST/JSON... and again, all the code is available. Silverlight and WCF caching Subodh Pushpak has a post up discussing caching in WCF, and has code demonstrating turning caching on at run-time. Detecting Silverlight Version Installed Gergely Orosz said it right when he said "Detecting the Silverlight version installed on a client machine isn’t entirely straightforward." ... and after reading this post, if you take the link to his ScottLogic blog, you'll get a full break-out of how it's done. Silverlight TV 22: Tim Heuer on Extending the SMF It's Thursday, and that means Silverlight TV! ... this week, John Papa has on Tim Heuer who has always been out there pushing media... and he's talking about SMF or Silverlight Media Framework for the uninitiated, and also extending it. Silverlight Tip of the Day #7 – Localized Resources Mike Snow has Tip Number 7 up and it's about localization... good end-to-end discussion and demonstration. Just thought I should use that to prove to my daughter that the tatoo she had put on the back of her neck actually reads "Eat More Broccoli" :) Silverlight Tip of the Day #8 – Detecting Alt, Shift, Control, Window & Apple Keys Combinations I just realized Mike Snow's site logo reads "Silverlight Tips of the Day" (bolding mine) ... that answers why I'm seeing more than one -- sorry Mike, couldn't pass it up :) ... Mike's second tip today and number 8 in the series is on detecting all the mouse button and ctl/alt/shift combinations in Silverlight. nRoute: More Wholesomeness, with SL 4 and .NET 4.0 Rishi has a post up announcing a new nRoute release for Silverlight 4 and .NET 4.0 He's tweaked the code to take advantages of enhancements in the new platforms, so check it out. Windows Phone 7 Developer Tools April 2010 Refresh Booya... Tim Heuer announced the release of the next drop in the WP7 tools ... dang wish I was at home today :) ... be sure to read the post for info such as the notes about Authenticode Assemblies and the release notes. Updates to Silverlight Multi-binding support Stefan Olson points up a SL4 change to Multi-binding support that he had previously blogged about. He shows the previous non-working example, and what you have to do to make it work now. Using XAML to create a custom wallpaper image for your mobile device David Anson has a solution for those pesky lost devices, and let me go on the record right now saying if anyone finds a WP7 phone laying around, just call me, it's mine :) [think that'd work??] ... ok, David's solution is a WPF app "MobileDeviceHomeScreenMaker" that you get the info set and it produces a png you then put on your device. But seriously about that lost phone... Stay in the 'Light! Twitter SilverlightNews | Twitter WynApse | WynApse.com | Tagged Posts | SilverlightCream Join me @ SilverlightCream | Phoenix Silverlight User Group Technorati Tags: Silverlight    Silverlight 3    Silverlight 4    Windows Phone MIX10

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• Free Online Performance Tuning Event

  - by Andrew Kelly

    On June 9th 2010 I will be showing several sessions related to performance tuning for SQL Server and they are the best kind because they are free :).  So mark your calendars. Here is the event info and URL: June 29, 2010 - 10:00 am - 3:00 pm Eastern SQL Server is the platform for business. In this day-long free virtual event, well-known SQL Server performance expert Andrew Kelly will provide you with the tools and knowledge you need to stay on top of three key areas related to peak performance...(read more)

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• ODI 12c - Parallel Table Load

  - by David Allan

  In this post we will look at the ODI 12c capability of parallel table load from the aspect of the mapping developer and the knowledge module developer - two quite different viewpoints. This is about parallel table loading which isn't to be confused with loading multiple targets per se. It supports the ability for ODI mappings to be executed concurrently especially if there is an overlap of the datastores that they access, so any temporary resources created may be uniquely constructed by ODI. Temporary objects can be anything basically - common examples are staging tables, indexes, views, directories - anything in the ETL to help the data integration flow do its job. In ODI 11g users found a few workarounds (such as changing the technology prefixes - see here) to build unique temporary names but it was more of a challenge in error cases. ODI 12c mappings by default operate exactly as they did in ODI 11g with respect to these temporary names (this is also true for upgraded interfaces and scenarios) but can be configured to support the uniqueness capabilities. We will look at this feature from two aspects; that of a mapping developer and that of a developer (of procedures or KMs). 1. Firstly as a Mapping Developer..... 1.1 Control when uniqueness is enabled A new property is available to set unique name generation on/off. When unique names have been enabled for a mapping, all temporary names used by the collection and integration objects will be generated using unique names. This property is presented as a check-box in the Property Inspector for a deployment specification. 1.2 Handle cleanup after successful execution Provided that all temporary objects that are created have a corresponding drop statement then all of the temporary objects should be removed during a successful execution. This should be the case with the KMs developed by Oracle. 1.3 Handle cleanup after unsuccessful execution If an execution failed in ODI 11g then temporary tables would have been left around and cleaned up in the subsequent run. In ODI 12c, KM tasks can now have a cleanup-type task which is executed even after a failure in the main tasks. These cleanup tasks will be executed even on failure if the property 'Remove Temporary Objects on Error' is set. If the agent was to crash and not be able to execute this task, then there is an ODI tool (OdiRemoveTemporaryObjects here) you can invoke to cleanup the tables - it supports date ranges and the like. That's all there is to it from the aspect of the mapping developer it's much, much simpler and straightforward. You can now execute the same mapping concurrently or execute many mappings using the same resource concurrently without worrying about conflict.  2. Secondly as a Procedure or KM Developer..... In the ODI Operator the executed code shows the actual name that is generated - you can also see the runtime code prior to execution (introduced in 11.1.1.7), for example below in the code type I selected 'Pre-executed Code' this lets you see the code about to be processed and you can also see the executed code (which is the default view). References to the collection (C$) and integration (I$) names will be automatically made unique by using the odiRef APIs - these objects will have unique names whenever concurrency has been enabled for a particular mapping deployment specification. It's also possible to use name uniqueness functions in procedures and your own KMs. 2.1 New uniqueness tags  You can also make your own temporary objects have unique names by explicitly including either %UNIQUE_STEP_TAG or %UNIQUE_SESSION_TAG in the name passed to calls to the odiRef APIs. Such names would always include the unique tag regardless of the concurrency setting. To illustrate, let's look at the getObjectName() method. At <% expansion time, this API will append %UNIQUE_STEP_TAG to the object name for collection and integration tables. The name parameter passed to this API may contain  %UNIQUE_STEP_TAG or %UNIQUE_SESSION_TAG. This API always generates to the <? version of getObjectName() At execution time this API will replace the unique tag macros with a string that is unique to the current execution scope. The returned name will conform to the name-length restriction for the target technology, and its pattern for the unique tag. Any necessary truncation will be performed against the initial name for the object and any other fixed text that may have been specified. Examples are:- <?=odiRef.getObjectName("L", "%COL_PRFEMP%UNIQUE_STEP_TAG", "D")?> SCOTT.C$_EABH7QI1BR1EQI3M76PG9SIMBQQ <?=odiRef.getObjectName("L", "EMP%UNIQUE_STEP_TAG_AE", "D")?> SCOTT.EMPAO96Q2JEKO0FTHQP77TMSAIOSR_ Methods which have this kind of support include getFrom, getTableName, getTable, getObjectShortName and getTemporaryIndex. There are APIs for retrieving this tag info also, the getInfo API has been extended with the following properties (the UNIQUE* properties can also be used in ODI procedures); UNIQUE_STEP_TAG - Returns the unique value for the current step scope, e.g. 5rvmd8hOIy7OU2o1FhsF61 Note that this will be a different value for each loop-iteration when the step is in a loop. UNIQUE_SESSION_TAG - Returns the unique value for the current session scope, e.g. 6N38vXLrgjwUwT5MseHHY9 IS_CONCURRENT - Returns info about the current mapping, will return 0 or 1 (only in % phase) GUID_SRC_SET - Returns the UUID for the current source set/execution unit (only in % phase) The getPop API has been extended with the IS_CONCURRENT property which returns info about an mapping, will return 0 or 1.  2.2 Additional APIs Some new APIs are provided including getFormattedName which will allow KM developers to construct a name from fixed-text or ODI symbols that can be optionally truncate to a max length and use a specific encoding for the unique tag. It has syntax getFormattedName(String pName[, String pTechnologyCode]) This API is available at both the % and the ? phase.  The format string can contain the ODI prefixes that are available for getObjectName(), e.g. %INT_PRF, %COL_PRF, %ERR_PRF, %IDX_PRF alongwith %UNIQUE_STEP_TAG or %UNIQUE_SESSION_TAG. The latter tags will be expanded into a unique string according to the specified technology. Calls to this API within the same execution context are guaranteed to return the same unique name provided that the same parameters are passed to the call. e.g. <%=odiRef.getFormattedName("%COL_PRFMY_TABLE%UNIQUE_STEP_TAG_AE", "ORACLE")%> <?=odiRef.getFormattedName("%COL_PRFMY_TABLE%UNIQUE_STEP_TAG_AE", "ORACLE")?> C$_MY_TAB7wDiBe80vBog1auacS1xB_AE <?=odiRef.getFormattedName("%COL_PRFMY_TABLE%UNIQUE_STEP_TAG.log", "FILE")?> C2_MY_TAB7wDiBe80vBog1auacS1xB.log 2.3 Name length generation  As part of name generation, the length of the generated name will be compared with the maximum length for the target technology and truncation may need to be applied. When a unique tag is included in the generated string it is important that uniqueness is not compromised by truncation of the unique tag. When a unique tag is NOT part of the generated name, the name will be truncated by removing characters from the end - this is the existing 11g algorithm. When a unique tag is included, the algorithm will first truncate the <postfix> and if necessary  the <prefix>. It is recommended that users will ensure there is sufficient uniqueness in the <prefix> section to ensure uniqueness of the final resultant name. SUMMARY To summarize, ODI 12c make it much simpler to utilize mappings in concurrent cases and provides APIs for helping developing any procedures or custom knowledge modules in such a way they can be used in highly concurrent, parallel scenarios. 

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• ESB Toolkit 2.0 EndPointConfig (HTTPS with WCF-BasicHttp and the ESB Toolkit 2.0)

  - by Andy Morrison

  Earlier this week I had an ESB endpoint (Off-Ramp in ESB parlance) that I was sending to over http using WCF-BasicHttp.  I needed to switch the protocol to https: which I did by changing my UDDI Binding over to https:  No problem from a management perspective; however, when I tried to run the process I saw this exception: Event Type:                     Error Event Source:                BizTalk Server 2009 Event Category:            BizTalk Server 2009 Event ID:   5754 Date:                                    3/10/2010 Time:                                   2:58:23 PM User:                                    N/A Computer:                       XXXXXXXXX Description: A message sent to adapter "WCF-BasicHttp" on send port "SPDynamic.XXX.SR" with URI "https://XXXXXXXXX.com/XXXXXXX/whatever.asmx" is suspended.  Error details: System.ArgumentException: The provided URI scheme 'https' is invalid; expected 'http'. Parameter name: via    at System.ServiceModel.Channels.TransportChannelFactory`1.ValidateScheme(Uri via)    at System.ServiceModel.Channels.HttpChannelFactory.ValidateCreateChannelParameters(EndpointAddress remoteAddress, Uri via)    at System.ServiceModel.Channels.HttpChannelFactory.OnCreateChannel(EndpointAddress remoteAddress, Uri via)    at System.ServiceModel.Channels.ChannelFactoryBase`1.InternalCreateChannel(EndpointAddress address, Uri via)    at System.ServiceModel.Channels.ChannelFactoryBase`1.CreateChannel(EndpointAddress address, Uri via)    at System.ServiceModel.Channels.ServiceChannelFactory.ServiceChannelFactoryOverRequest.CreateInnerChannelBinder(EndpointAddress to, Uri via)    at System.ServiceModel.Channels.ServiceChannelFactory.CreateServiceChannel(EndpointAddress address, Uri via)    at System.ServiceModel.Channels.ServiceChannelFactory.CreateChannel(Type channelType, EndpointAddress address, Uri via)    at System.ServiceModel.ChannelFactory`1.CreateChannel(EndpointAddress address, Uri via)    at System.ServiceModel.ChannelFactory`1.CreateChannel()    at Microsoft.BizTalk.Adapter.Wcf.Runtime.WcfClient`2.GetChannel[TChannel](IBaseMessage bizTalkMessage, ChannelFactory`1& cachedFactory)    at Microsoft.BizTalk.Adapter.Wcf.Runtime.WcfClient`2.SendMessage(IBaseMessage bizTalkMessage)  MessageId:  {1170F4ED-550F-4F7E-B0E0-1EE92A25AB10}  InstanceID: {1640C6C6-CA9C-4746-AEB0-584FDF7BB61E} I knew from a previous experience that I likely needed to set the SecurityMode setting for my Send Port.  But how do you do this for a Dynamic port (which I was using since this is an ESB solution)? Within the UDDI portal you have to add an additional Instance Info to your Binding named: EndPointConfig  Then you have to set its value to:  SecurityMode=Transport Like this:    The EndPointConfig is how the ESB Toolkit 2.0 provides extensibility for the various transports.  To see what the key-value pair options are for a given transport, open up an itinerary and change one of your resolvers to a “static” resolver by setting the “Resolver Implementation” to Static.  Then select a “Transport Name” ”, for instance to WCF-BasicHttp.  At this point you can then click on the “EndPoint Configuration” property for to see an adapter/ramp specific properties dialog (key-value pairs.)    Here’s the dialog that popped up for WCF-BasicHttp:   I simply set the SecurityMode to Transport.  Please note that you will get different properties within the window depending on the Transport Name you select for the resolver. When you are done with your settings, export the itinerary to disk and find that xml; then find that resolver’s xml within that file.  It will look like endpointConfig=SecurityMode=Transport in this case.  Note that if you set additional properties you will have additional key-value pairs after endpointConfig= Copy that string and paste it into the UDDI portal for you Binding’s EndPointConfig Instance Info value.

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• Validating a linked item&rsquo;s data template in Sitecore

  - by Kyle Burns

  I’ve been doing quite a bit of work in Sitecore recently and last week I encountered a situation that it appears many others have hit.  I was working with a field that had been configured originally as a grouped droplink, but now needed to be updated to support additional levels of hierarchy in the folder structure.  If you’ve done any work in Sitecore that statement makes sense, but if not it may seem a bit cryptic.  Sitecore offers a number of different field types and a subset of these field types focus on providing links either to other items on the content tree or to content that is not stored in Sitecore.  In the case of the grouped droplink, the field is configured with a “root” folder and each direct descendant of this folder is considered to be a header for a grouping of other items and displayed in a dropdown.  A picture is worth a thousand words, so consider the following piece of a content tree: If I configure a grouped droplink field to use the “Current” folder as its datasource, the control that gets to my content author looks like this: This presents a nicely organized display and limits the user to selecting only the direct grandchildren of the folder root.  It also presents the limitation that struck as we were thinking through the content architecture and how it would hold up over time – the authors cannot further organize content under the root folder because of the structure required for the dropdown to work.  Over time, not allowing the hierarchy to go any deeper would prevent out authors from being able to organize their content in a way that it would be found when needed, so the grouped droplink data type was not going to fit the bill. I needed to look for an alternative data type that allowed for selection of a single item and limited my choices to descendants of a specific node on the content tree.  After looking at the options available for links in Sitecore and considering them against each other, one option stood out as nearly perfect – the droptree.  This field type stores its data identically to the droplink and allows for the selection of zero or one items under a specific node in the content tree.  By changing my data template to use droptree instead of grouped droplink, the author is now presented with the following when selecting a linked item: Sounds great, but a did say almost perfect – there’s still one flaw.  The code intended to display the linked item is expecting the selection to use a specific data template (or more precisely it makes certain assumptions about the fields that will be present), but the droptree does nothing to prevent the author from selecting a folder (since folders are items too) instead of one of the items contained within a folder.  I looked to see if anyone had already solved this problem.  I found many people discussing the problem, but the closest that I found to a solution was the statement “the best thing would probably be to create a custom validator” with no further discussion in regards to what this validator might look like.  I needed to create my own validator to ensure that the user had not selected a folder.  Since so many people had the same issue, I decided to make the validator as reusable as possible and share it here. The validator that I created inherits from StandardValidator.  In order to make the validator more intuitive to developers that are familiar with the TreeList controls in Sitecore, I chose to implement the following parameters: ExcludeTemplatesForSelection – serves as a “deny list”.  If the data template of the selected item is in this list it will not validate IncludeTemplatesForSelection – this can either be empty to indicate that any template not contained in the exclusion list is acceptable or it can contain the list of acceptable templates Now that I’ve explained the parameters and the purpose of the validator, I’ll let the code do the rest of the talking: 1: /// <summary> 2: /// Validates that a link field value meets template requirements 3: /// specified using the following parameters: 4: /// - ExcludeTemplatesForSelection: If present, the item being 5: /// based on an excluded template will cause validation to fail. 6: /// - IncludeTemplatesForSelection: If present, the item not being 7: /// based on an included template will cause validation to fail 8: /// 9: /// ExcludeTemplatesForSelection trumps IncludeTemplatesForSelection 10: /// if the same value appears in both lists. Lists are comma seperated 11: /// </summary> 12: [Serializable] 13: public class LinkItemTemplateValidator : StandardValidator 14: { 15: public LinkItemTemplateValidator() 16: { 17: } 18:   19: /// <summary> 20: /// Serialization constructor is required by the runtime 21: /// </summary> 22: /// <param name="info"></param> 23: /// <param name="context"></param> 24: public LinkItemTemplateValidator(SerializationInfo info, StreamingContext context) : base(info, context) { } 25:   26: /// <summary> 27: /// Returns whether the linked item meets the template 28: /// constraints specified in the parameters 29: /// </summary> 30: /// <returns> 31: /// The result of the evaluation. 32: /// </returns> 33: protected override ValidatorResult Evaluate() 34: { 35: if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(ControlValidationValue)) 36: { 37: return ValidatorResult.Valid; // let "required" validation handle 38: } 39:   40: var excludeString = Parameters["ExcludeTemplatesForSelection"]; 41: var includeString = Parameters["IncludeTemplatesForSelection"]; 42: if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(excludeString) && string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(includeString)) 43: { 44: return ValidatorResult.Valid; // "allow anything" if no params 45: } 46:   47: Guid linkedItemGuid; 48: if (!Guid.TryParse(ControlValidationValue, out linkedItemGuid)) 49: { 50: return ValidatorResult.Valid; // probably put validator on wrong field 51: } 52:   53: var item = GetItem(); 54: var linkedItem = item.Database.GetItem(new ID(linkedItemGuid)); 55:   56: if (linkedItem == null) 57: { 58: return ValidatorResult.Valid; // this validator isn't for broken links 59: } 60:   61: var exclusionList = (excludeString ?? string.Empty).Split(','); 62: var inclusionList = (includeString ?? string.Empty).Split(','); 63:   64: if ((inclusionList.Length == 0 || inclusionList.Contains(linkedItem.TemplateName)) 65: && !exclusionList.Contains(linkedItem.TemplateName)) 66: { 67: return ValidatorResult.Valid; 68: } 69:   70: Text = GetText("The field \"{0}\" specifies an item which is based on template \"{1}\". This template is not valid for selection", GetFieldDisplayName(), linkedItem.TemplateName); 71:   72: return GetFailedResult(ValidatorResult.FatalError); 73: } 74:   75: protected override ValidatorResult GetMaxValidatorResult() 76: { 77: return ValidatorResult.FatalError; 78: } 79:   80: public override string Name 81: { 82: get { return @"LinkItemTemplateValidator"; } 83: } 84: }   In this blog entry, I have shared some code that I found useful in solving a problem that seemed fairly common.  Hopefully the next person that is looking for this answer finds it useful as well.

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• LSI 9285-8e and Supermicro SC837E26-RJBOD1 duplicate enclosure ID and slot numbers

  - by Andy Shinn

  I am working with 2 x Supermicro SC837E26-RJBOD1 chassis connected to a single LSI 9285-8e card in a Supermicro 1U host. There are 28 drives in each chassis for a total of 56 drives in 28 RAID1 mirrors. The problem I am running in to is that there are duplicate slots for the 2 chassis (the slots list twice and only go from 0 to 27). All the drives also show the same enclosure ID (ID 36). However, MegaCLI -encinfo lists the 2 enclosures correctly (ID 36 and ID 65). My question is, why would this happen? Is there an option I am missing to use 2 enclosures effectively? This is blocking me rebuilding a drive that failed in slot 11 since I can only specify enclosure and slot as parameters to replace a drive. When I do this, it picks the wrong slot 11 (device ID 46 instead of device ID 19). Adapter #1 is the LSI 9285-8e, adapter #0 (which I removed due to space limitations) is the onboard LSI. Adapter information: Adapter #1 ============================================================================== Versions ================ Product Name : LSI MegaRAID SAS 9285-8e Serial No : SV12704804 FW Package Build: 23.1.1-0004 Mfg. Data ================ Mfg. Date : 06/30/11 Rework Date : 00/00/00 Revision No : 00A Battery FRU : N/A Image Versions in Flash: ================ BIOS Version : 5.25.00_4.11.05.00_0x05040000 WebBIOS Version : 6.1-20-e_20-Rel Preboot CLI Version: 05.01-04:#%00001 FW Version : 3.140.15-1320 NVDATA Version : 2.1106.03-0051 Boot Block Version : 2.04.00.00-0001 BOOT Version : 06.253.57.219 Pending Images in Flash ================ None PCI Info ================ Vendor Id : 1000 Device Id : 005b SubVendorId : 1000 SubDeviceId : 9285 Host Interface : PCIE ChipRevision : B0 Number of Frontend Port: 0 Device Interface : PCIE Number of Backend Port: 8 Port : Address 0 5003048000ee8e7f 1 5003048000ee8a7f 2 0000000000000000 3 0000000000000000 4 0000000000000000 5 0000000000000000 6 0000000000000000 7 0000000000000000 HW Configuration ================ SAS Address : 500605b0038f9210 BBU : Present Alarm : Present NVRAM : Present Serial Debugger : Present Memory : Present Flash : Present Memory Size : 1024MB TPM : Absent On board Expander: Absent Upgrade Key : Absent Temperature sensor for ROC : Present Temperature sensor for controller : Absent ROC temperature : 70 degree Celcius Settings ================ Current Time : 18:24:36 3/13, 2012 Predictive Fail Poll Interval : 300sec Interrupt Throttle Active Count : 16 Interrupt Throttle Completion : 50us Rebuild Rate : 30% PR Rate : 30% BGI Rate : 30% Check Consistency Rate : 30% Reconstruction Rate : 30% Cache Flush Interval : 4s Max Drives to Spinup at One Time : 2 Delay Among Spinup Groups : 12s Physical Drive Coercion Mode : Disabled Cluster Mode : Disabled Alarm : Enabled Auto Rebuild : Enabled Battery Warning : Enabled Ecc Bucket Size : 15 Ecc Bucket Leak Rate : 1440 Minutes Restore HotSpare on Insertion : Disabled Expose Enclosure Devices : Enabled Maintain PD Fail History : Enabled Host Request Reordering : Enabled Auto Detect BackPlane Enabled : SGPIO/i2c SEP Load Balance Mode : Auto Use FDE Only : No Security Key Assigned : No Security Key Failed : No Security Key Not Backedup : No Default LD PowerSave Policy : Controller Defined Maximum number of direct attached drives to spin up in 1 min : 10 Any Offline VD Cache Preserved : No Allow Boot with Preserved Cache : No Disable Online Controller Reset : No PFK in NVRAM : No Use disk activity for locate : No Capabilities ================ RAID Level Supported : RAID0, RAID1, RAID5, RAID6, RAID00, RAID10, RAID50, RAID60, PRL 11, PRL 11 with spanning, SRL 3 supported, PRL11-RLQ0 DDF layout with no span, PRL11-RLQ0 DDF layout with span Supported Drives : SAS, SATA Allowed Mixing: Mix in Enclosure Allowed Mix of SAS/SATA of HDD type in VD Allowed Status ================ ECC Bucket Count : 0 Limitations ================ Max Arms Per VD : 32 Max Spans Per VD : 8 Max Arrays : 128 Max Number of VDs : 64 Max Parallel Commands : 1008 Max SGE Count : 60 Max Data Transfer Size : 8192 sectors Max Strips PerIO : 42 Max LD per array : 16 Min Strip Size : 8 KB Max Strip Size : 1.0 MB Max Configurable CacheCade Size: 0 GB Current Size of CacheCade : 0 GB Current Size of FW Cache : 887 MB Device Present ================ Virtual Drives : 28 Degraded : 0 Offline : 0 Physical Devices : 59 Disks : 56 Critical Disks : 0 Failed Disks : 0 Supported Adapter Operations ================ Rebuild Rate : Yes CC Rate : Yes BGI Rate : Yes Reconstruct Rate : Yes Patrol Read Rate : Yes Alarm Control : Yes Cluster Support : No BBU : No Spanning : Yes Dedicated Hot Spare : Yes Revertible Hot Spares : Yes Foreign Config Import : Yes Self Diagnostic : Yes Allow Mixed Redundancy on Array : No Global Hot Spares : Yes Deny SCSI Passthrough : No Deny SMP Passthrough : No Deny STP Passthrough : No Support Security : No Snapshot Enabled : No Support the OCE without adding drives : Yes Support PFK : Yes Support PI : No Support Boot Time PFK Change : Yes Disable Online PFK Change : No PFK TrailTime Remaining : 0 days 0 hours Support Shield State : Yes Block SSD Write Disk Cache Change: Yes Supported VD Operations ================ Read Policy : Yes Write Policy : Yes IO Policy : Yes Access Policy : Yes Disk Cache Policy : Yes Reconstruction : Yes Deny Locate : No Deny CC : No Allow Ctrl Encryption: No Enable LDBBM : No Support Breakmirror : No Power Savings : Yes Supported PD Operations ================ Force Online : Yes Force Offline : Yes Force Rebuild : Yes Deny Force Failed : No Deny Force Good/Bad : No Deny Missing Replace : No Deny Clear : No Deny Locate : No Support Temperature : Yes Disable Copyback : No Enable JBOD : No Enable Copyback on SMART : No Enable Copyback to SSD on SMART Error : Yes Enable SSD Patrol Read : No PR Correct Unconfigured Areas : Yes Enable Spin Down of UnConfigured Drives : Yes Disable Spin Down of hot spares : No Spin Down time : 30 T10 Power State : Yes Error Counters ================ Memory Correctable Errors : 0 Memory Uncorrectable Errors : 0 Cluster Information ================ Cluster Permitted : No Cluster Active : No Default Settings ================ Phy Polarity : 0 Phy PolaritySplit : 0 Background Rate : 30 Strip Size : 64kB Flush Time : 4 seconds Write Policy : WB Read Policy : Adaptive Cache When BBU Bad : Disabled Cached IO : No SMART Mode : Mode 6 Alarm Disable : Yes Coercion Mode : None ZCR Config : Unknown Dirty LED Shows Drive Activity : No BIOS Continue on Error : No Spin Down Mode : None Allowed Device Type : SAS/SATA Mix Allow Mix in Enclosure : Yes Allow HDD SAS/SATA Mix in VD : Yes Allow SSD SAS/SATA Mix in VD : No Allow HDD/SSD Mix in VD : No Allow SATA in Cluster : No Max Chained Enclosures : 16 Disable Ctrl-R : Yes Enable Web BIOS : Yes Direct PD Mapping : No BIOS Enumerate VDs : Yes Restore Hot Spare on Insertion : No Expose Enclosure Devices : Yes Maintain PD Fail History : Yes Disable Puncturing : No Zero Based Enclosure Enumeration : No PreBoot CLI Enabled : Yes LED Show Drive Activity : Yes Cluster Disable : Yes SAS Disable : No Auto Detect BackPlane Enable : SGPIO/i2c SEP Use FDE Only : No Enable Led Header : No Delay during POST : 0 EnableCrashDump : No Disable Online Controller Reset : No EnableLDBBM : No Un-Certified Hard Disk Drives : Allow Treat Single span R1E as R10 : No Max LD per array : 16 Power Saving option : Don't Auto spin down Configured Drives Max power savings option is not allowed for LDs. Only T10 power conditions are to be used. Default spin down time in minutes: 30 Enable JBOD : No TTY Log In Flash : No Auto Enhanced Import : No BreakMirror RAID Support : No Disable Join Mirror : No Enable Shield State : Yes Time taken to detect CME : 60s Exit Code: 0x00 Enclosure information: # /opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -encinfo -a1 Number of enclosures on adapter 1 -- 3 Enclosure 0: Device ID : 36 Number of Slots : 28 Number of Power Supplies : 2 Number of Fans : 3 Number of Temperature Sensors : 1 Number of Alarms : 1 Number of SIM Modules : 0 Number of Physical Drives : 28 Status : Normal Position : 1 Connector Name : Port B Enclosure type : SES VendorId is LSI CORP and Product Id is SAS2X36 VendorID and Product ID didnt match FRU Part Number : N/A Enclosure Serial Number : N/A ESM Serial Number : N/A Enclosure Zoning Mode : N/A Partner Device Id : 65 Inquiry data : Vendor Identification : LSI CORP Product Identification : SAS2X36 Product Revision Level : 0718 Vendor Specific : x36-55.7.24.1 Number of Voltage Sensors :2 Voltage Sensor :0 Voltage Sensor Status :OK Voltage Value :5020 milli volts Voltage Sensor :1 Voltage Sensor Status :OK Voltage Value :11820 milli volts Number of Power Supplies : 2 Power Supply : 0 Power Supply Status : OK Power Supply : 1 Power Supply Status : OK Number of Fans : 3 Fan : 0 Fan Speed :Low Speed Fan Status : OK Fan : 1 Fan Speed :Low Speed Fan Status : OK Fan : 2 Fan Speed :Low Speed Fan Status : OK Number of Temperature Sensors : 1 Temp Sensor : 0 Temperature : 48 Temperature Sensor Status : OK Number of Chassis : 1 Chassis : 0 Chassis Status : OK Enclosure 1: Device ID : 65 Number of Slots : 28 Number of Power Supplies : 2 Number of Fans : 3 Number of Temperature Sensors : 1 Number of Alarms : 1 Number of SIM Modules : 0 Number of Physical Drives : 28 Status : Normal Position : 1 Connector Name : Port A Enclosure type : SES VendorId is LSI CORP and Product Id is SAS2X36 VendorID and Product ID didnt match FRU Part Number : N/A Enclosure Serial Number : N/A ESM Serial Number : N/A Enclosure Zoning Mode : N/A Partner Device Id : 36 Inquiry data : Vendor Identification : LSI CORP Product Identification : SAS2X36 Product Revision Level : 0718 Vendor Specific : x36-55.7.24.1 Number of Voltage Sensors :2 Voltage Sensor :0 Voltage Sensor Status :OK Voltage Value :5020 milli volts Voltage Sensor :1 Voltage Sensor Status :OK Voltage Value :11760 milli volts Number of Power Supplies : 2 Power Supply : 0 Power Supply Status : OK Power Supply : 1 Power Supply Status : OK Number of Fans : 3 Fan : 0 Fan Speed :Low Speed Fan Status : OK Fan : 1 Fan Speed :Low Speed Fan Status : OK Fan : 2 Fan Speed :Low Speed Fan Status : OK Number of Temperature Sensors : 1 Temp Sensor : 0 Temperature : 47 Temperature Sensor Status : OK Number of Chassis : 1 Chassis : 0 Chassis Status : OK Enclosure 2: Device ID : 252 Number of Slots : 8 Number of Power Supplies : 0 Number of Fans : 0 Number of Temperature Sensors : 0 Number of Alarms : 0 Number of SIM Modules : 1 Number of Physical Drives : 0 Status : Normal Position : 1 Connector Name : Unavailable Enclosure type : SGPIO Failed in first Inquiry commnad FRU Part Number : N/A Enclosure Serial Number : N/A ESM Serial Number : N/A Enclosure Zoning Mode : N/A Partner Device Id : Unavailable Inquiry data : Vendor Identification : LSI Product Identification : SGPIO Product Revision Level : N/A Vendor Specific : Exit Code: 0x00 Now, notice that each slot 11 device shows an enclosure ID of 36, I think this is where the discrepancy happens. One should be 36. But the other should be on enclosure 65. Drives in slot 11: Enclosure Device ID: 36 Slot Number: 11 Drive's postion: DiskGroup: 5, Span: 0, Arm: 1 Enclosure position: 0 Device Id: 48 WWN: Sequence Number: 11 Media Error Count: 0 Other Error Count: 0 Predictive Failure Count: 0 Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 0 PD Type: SATA Raw Size: 2.728 TB [0x15d50a3b0 Sectors] Non Coerced Size: 2.728 TB [0x15d40a3b0 Sectors] Coerced Size: 2.728 TB [0x15d400000 Sectors] Firmware state: Online, Spun Up Is Commissioned Spare : YES Device Firmware Level: A5C0 Shield Counter: 0 Successful diagnostics completion on : N/A SAS Address(0): 0x5003048000ee8a53 Connected Port Number: 1(path0) Inquiry Data: MJ1311YNG6YYXAHitachi HDS5C3030ALA630 MEAOA5C0 FDE Enable: Disable Secured: Unsecured Locked: Unlocked Needs EKM Attention: No Foreign State: None Device Speed: 6.0Gb/s Link Speed: 6.0Gb/s Media Type: Hard Disk Device Drive Temperature :30C (86.00 F) PI Eligibility: No Drive is formatted for PI information: No PI: No PI Drive's write cache : Disabled Drive's NCQ setting : Enabled Port-0 : Port status: Active Port's Linkspeed: 6.0Gb/s Drive has flagged a S.M.A.R.T alert : No Enclosure Device ID: 36 Slot Number: 11 Drive's postion: DiskGroup: 19, Span: 0, Arm: 1 Enclosure position: 0 Device Id: 19 WWN: Sequence Number: 4 Media Error Count: 0 Other Error Count: 0 Predictive Failure Count: 0 Last Predictive Failure Event Seq Number: 0 PD Type: SATA Raw Size: 2.728 TB [0x15d50a3b0 Sectors] Non Coerced Size: 2.728 TB [0x15d40a3b0 Sectors] Coerced Size: 2.728 TB [0x15d400000 Sectors] Firmware state: Online, Spun Up Is Commissioned Spare : NO Device Firmware Level: A580 Shield Counter: 0 Successful diagnostics completion on : N/A SAS Address(0): 0x5003048000ee8e53 Connected Port Number: 0(path0) Inquiry Data: MJ1313YNG1VA5CHitachi HDS5C3030ALA630 MEAOA580 FDE Enable: Disable Secured: Unsecured Locked: Unlocked Needs EKM Attention: No Foreign State: None Device Speed: 6.0Gb/s Link Speed: 6.0Gb/s Media Type: Hard Disk Device Drive Temperature :30C (86.00 F) PI Eligibility: No Drive is formatted for PI information: No PI: No PI Drive's write cache : Disabled Drive's NCQ setting : Enabled Port-0 : Port status: Active Port's Linkspeed: 6.0Gb/s Drive has flagged a S.M.A.R.T alert : No Update 06/28/12: I finally have some new information about (what we think) the root cause of this problem so I thought I would share. After getting in contact with a very knowledgeable Supermicro tech, they provided us with a tool called Xflash (doesn't appear to be readily available on their FTP). When we gathered some information using this utility, my colleague found something very strange: root@mogile2 test]# ./xflash.dat -i get avail Initializing Interface. Expander: SAS2X36 (SAS2x36) 1) SAS2X36 (SAS2x36) (50030480:00EE917F) (0.0.0.0) 2) SAS2X36 (SAS2x36) (50030480:00E9D67F) (0.0.0.0) 3) SAS2X36 (SAS2x36) (50030480:0112D97F) (0.0.0.0) This lists the connected enclosures. You see the 3 connected (we have since added a 3rd and a 4th which is not yet showing up) with their respective SAS address / WWN (50030480:00EE917F). Now we can use this address to get information on the individual enclosures: [root@mogile2 test]# ./xflash.dat -i 5003048000EE917F get exp Initializing Interface. Expander: SAS2X36 (SAS2x36) Reading the expander information.......... Expander: SAS2X36 (SAS2x36) B3 SAS Address: 50030480:00EE917F Enclosure Logical Id: 50030480:0000007F IP Address: 0.0.0.0 Component Identifier: 0x0223 Component Revision: 0x05 [root@mogile2 test]# ./xflash.dat -i 5003048000E9D67F get exp Initializing Interface. Expander: SAS2X36 (SAS2x36) Reading the expander information.......... Expander: SAS2X36 (SAS2x36) B3 SAS Address: 50030480:00E9D67F Enclosure Logical Id: 50030480:0000007F IP Address: 0.0.0.0 Component Identifier: 0x0223 Component Revision: 0x05 [root@mogile2 test]# ./xflash.dat -i 500304800112D97F get exp Initializing Interface. Expander: SAS2X36 (SAS2x36) Reading the expander information.......... Expander: SAS2X36 (SAS2x36) B3 SAS Address: 50030480:0112D97F Enclosure Logical Id: 50030480:0112D97F IP Address: 0.0.0.0 Component Identifier: 0x0223 Component Revision: 0x05 Did you catch it? The first 2 enclosures logical ID is partially masked out where the 3rd one (which has a correct unique enclosure ID) is not. We pointed this out to Supermicro and were able to confirm that this address is supposed to be set during manufacturing and there was a problem with a certain batch of these enclosures where the logical ID was not set. We believe that the RAID controller is determining the ID based on the logical ID and since our first 2 enclosures have the same logical ID, they get the same enclosure ID. We also confirmed that 0000007F is the default which comes from LSI as an ID. The next pointer that helps confirm this could be a manufacturing problem with a run of JBODs is the fact that all 6 of the enclosures that have this problem begin with 00E. I believe that between 00E8 and 00EE Supermicro forgot to program the logical IDs correctly and neglected to recall or fix the problem post production. Fortunately for us, there is a tool to manage the WWN and logical ID of the devices from Supermicro: ftp://ftp.supermicro.com/utility/ExpanderXtools_Lite/. Our next step is to schedule a shutdown of these JBODs (after data migration) and reprogram the logical ID and see if it solves the problem. Update 06/28/12 #2: I just discovered this FAQ at Supermicro while Google searching for "lsi 0000007f": http://www.supermicro.com/support/faqs/faq.cfm?faq=11805. I still don't understand why, in the last several times we contacted Supermicro, they would have never directed us to this article :\

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• An increase to 3 Gig of RAM slows down Ubuntu 10.04 LTS

  - by williepabon

  I have Ubuntu 10.04 running from an external hard drive (installed on an enclosure) connected via USB port. Like a month or so ago, I increased RAM on my pc from 2 Gigs to 3 Gigs. This resulted on extremely long boot times and slow application loads. While I was understanding the nature of my problem, I posted various threads on this forum ( Questions # 188417, 188801), where I was advised to gather speed tests, and other info on my machine. I was also suggested that I might have problems with the RAM installed. Initially, I did not consider that possibility because: 1) I did a memory test with a diagnostic program from DELL (My pc is from Dell) 2) My pc works fine with Windows XP (the default OS), no problems with memory 3) My pc works fine when booting with Ubuntu 10.10 memory stick, no speed problems 4) My pc works fine when booting with Ubuntu 11.10 memory stick, no speed problems Anyway, I performed the memory tests suggested. But before doing it, and to check out any possibility of hardware issues on the hard drive, I did the following: (1) purchased a new hard drive enclosure and moved my hard drive to it, (2) purchased a new USB cable and used it to connect my hard drive/enclosure setup to a different USB port on my pc. Then, I performed speed tests with 1 Gig, 2 Gigs and 3 Gigs of RAM with my Ubuntu 10.04 OS. Ubuntu 10.04 worked well when booted with 1 Gig or 2 Gigs of RAM. When I increased to 3 Gigs, it slowed down to a crawl. I can't understand the relationship between an increase of 1 Gig and the effect it has in Ubuntu 10.04. This doesn't happen with Ubuntu 10.10 and 11.10. Unfortunately for me, Ubuntu 10.04 is my principal work operating system. So, I need a solution for this. Hardware and system information: DELL Precision 670 2 internal SATA Hard drives Audigy 2 ZS audio system Factory OS: Windows XP Professional SP3 NVidia 8400 GTS video card More info: williepabon@WP-WrkStation:~$ uname -a Linux WP-WrkStation 2.6.32-38-generic #83-Ubuntu SMP Wed Jan 4 11:13:04 UTC 2012 i686 GNU/Linux williepabon@WP-WrkStation:~$ lsb_release -a No LSB modules are available. Distributor ID: Ubuntu Description: Ubuntu 10.04.4 LTS Release: 10.04 Codename: lucid Speed test with the 3 Gigs of RAM installed: williepabon@WP-WrkStation:~$ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/sdc [sudo] password for williepabon: /dev/sdc: Timing cached reads: 84 MB in 2.00 seconds = 41.96 MB/sec Timing buffered disk reads: 4 MB in 3.81 seconds = 1.05 MB/sec This is a very slow transfer rate from a hard drive. I will really appreciate a solution or a work around for this problem. I know that that there are users that have Ubuntu 10.04 with 3 Gigs or more of RAM and they don't have this problem. Same question asked on Launchpad for reference.

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