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• How to repair unbootable Fedora install

  - by Cerin

  How do you repair/reinstall Fedora without deleting any existing partitions or data? I was attempting to upgrade some old Fedora 13 servers to 17, following the instructions in the wiki. After the 14-15 upgrade, rebooting resulted in the output: Dropping to debug shell. sh: can't access tty; job control turned off dracut:/# Running dmesg also shows: dracut Warning: No root device "block:/dev/mapper/VolGroup-lv_root" found Googling shows this error is typically related to some weird RAID issues, but my server is a virtual machine not using any RAID. Using a rescue CD, I can chroot /mnt/sysimage, and all packages and data still seems to be there. How do I make the system bootable again?

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• SQL Query fields change to uppercase on upload to server.

  - by Conor H

  Hi There, I have just finished developing an app using CodeIgniter. When I upload it to my Host (Hostgator shared) some of the SQL text is converted to uppercase and rendering the app unusable. In my database I have two tables client and transaction. When I upload the App to the server client and transaction is replaced with all caps. Obviously this is bad as MySQL queries are case sensitive. At first I was uploading with FTP and thought FTP was to blame. I then zipped up the app and uploaded the archive, unpacking it on the server shell. Still no joy. Any ideas on how to fix this? At the moment I just have to go into the server and edit my queries back to lowercase.. Cheers in advance for any ideas.. --Conor

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• How do you determine the OWNER of an Oracle Database

  - by Kwang Mark Eleven

  When you install an Oracle database in a Unix server, the Unix user id you use for the installation becomes the OWNER of the database. What is the most reliable and general way of determining in a shell script which Unix user is the owner of an Oracle installation? I mean, can you perform a grep on a file created by the installation to find this information or shall I resort to use the ls command on a specific file on a specific directory. If the name of the file to be checked is also variable, I would need to have a way of determining the name and path to the file. Thanks in advance for your time

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• Is there a better way to do bonded vlan tagged interfaces with XEN

  - by AJ01

  We have a number of XEN servers all running CentOS or RHEL. The VM's that they run are all required to be on their own VLAN for no other reason than the customer expects them to be. Long story short however, I can't change this right now. We are also required to have bonding enabled on the interfaces. So to accommodat this we enslave eth1 and eth2 to bond0. We then create a seperate interface called bond0.VLANID where VLANID corresponds to the correct vlan; eg ifcfg-bond0.204 DEVICE=bond0.204 BOOTPROTO=static ONBOOT=yes VLAN=yes BRIDGE=xenvlan204 Bridge to XEN As you will see, we eventually have to bridge this out to XEN, and we do this by adding another interface called xenvlan204 (in this instance) which contains; ifcfg-xenvlan204 DEVICE=xenvlan204 BOOTPROTO=none ONBOOT=yes TYPE=bridge XEN Vm Config Finally in our XEN config for each VM, we add vif = [ "bridge=xenvlan204" ] This then allows the vm host to access that particular vlan The Problem We've noticed a few problems with this setup. One being that we currently create the interfaces manually. Which means if we add more vlan enabled interfaces and bridges we usually have to restart xend which is something I'm not so hot about. Also lower level staff have their heads melted by the number of interfaces and the risk of a mistake occurring is high. Secondly, it can take sometime for a host to come up if it has a number of vlan taged interfaces. Thirdly, its just not scaling well on the management aspects The Question Is there a better more flexible way to do this (in particular with Xen that ships with centos 5.3, 5.4 and 5.5 as we have to support all three) that leverages either scripting or other solutions to allow an arbitrary amount of interfaces to be created when a vm is instanced. Your advise and expertise is more that welcomed.

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• Set Default Program for All Users on Server

  - by MattN

  I work with a large server environment that's running Windows Server 2003, 2008, and 2012 now on some boxes. We have a custom-built log viewer program that associates with two file types that I'd like to set to be the default program for all users across all boxes, so new users don't have to set the default program themselves on every box they log into. Ideally I'd like to have a simple registry script we could push out to all machines at once. I realize this likely means changing the registry entries for either HKCR or HKLM for the file extensions, but adding the program location with %1 extension to \shell\open\command value in HKLM simply opens the program and does not also load the log file. Am I just missing an open and play setting, or am I looking at this entirely wrong? (And I know the script will need to be different for 2003 and 2008, but changing the version for two scripts isn't hard) Thanks!

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• Modifying the initrd.img to run additional binaries in a PXE booted RHEL 6

  - by Charles Long

  I am trying to add additional automation to our existing RHEL 6 (or Oralce's implementation thereof) PXE install process by running a script in the %pre section of my kickstart config that call hpacucli, HP's raid device configuration binary. My approach has been to modify the PXE served initrd.img. I've unpacked the initrd.img and copied in the required libraries, binaries, and scripts but when the system boots using the modified initrd.img, the modified /lib (and /lib_64) are moved aside to /lib_old and /lib is linked to the /mnt/runtime/lib. How can I change this configuration so that the /lib is not moved (unlikely) or required libraries are available in the runtime /mnt/runtime/lib? To test and confirm this I've been able to get the install process to move to the 6th virtual console, which allows me to see errors, and then open a shell (a useful debugging mechanism). %pre exec /dev/tty6 2 /dev/tty6 chvt 6 /bin/sh

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• How can I setup a group writeable directory?

  - by meder

  $ whoami meder $ cd /var/www $ sudo mkdir html $ sudo groupadd web $ sudo usermod -a -G web meder $ sudo usermod -a -G web medertest $ sudo chown meder:web html $ sudo chmod -R g+rwx html The problem is, anytime I create a new file in /var/www/html even though the group is set to web, it is only writeable by the original user. I was given the advice of setting the umask to be 002 because the default is what causes the problems. But I would have to do this for all users in that group, and as far as I know it would be tedious having all of them modify ~/.bashrc to have umask 002. Even if I can do it myself with a shell command for all of those users, it still seems too tedious. Can anyone offer any advice on having a group writeable directory?

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• Windows FTP client to mirror ftp sites?

  - by user15318

  I need a Windows application that works like *nix's lftp. The Windows host will download the latest changes made to FTP Server #1, and upload those changes to FTP Server #2. Server #2 can't pull files directly from Server #1 because it's a www shared host with no shell account. The requirements are: 1. Windows app available for XP/Vista/W7 2. Must run either as icon or service. I don't want to have an extra icon open in the task bar 3. Reliable, so I don't have to worry about it. Is there an application you would recommend? Thank you.

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• Using MRTG's threshold feature to execute a php script

  - by Dan Fried

  I've set up mrtg using the online manual and the only online tutorial I found on the subject of thresholds, and the threshold just isn't firing. In my mrtg.cfg file, the relevant lines are ThreshDir: /path/to/mrtg/thresh ThreshMaxI[performance]: 1 ThreshMaxO[performance]: 1 ThreshProgI[performance]: /path/to/mrtg/scripts/alert.php ThreshProgO[performance]: /path/to/mrtg/scripts/alert.php The paths are right, because if I enter the paths wrong I get an error on executing mrtg. websitePerformance checks how long it takes to download the homepage, in milliseconds, so it should be exceeding the max every time. Alert.php is working fine when invoked directly from the shell, and when I point to a nonexistent script it tells me the script is not executable. No error messages are being generated, that I can find. The thresh directory is always empty. Why isn't the threshold being triggered by results that are greater than 1? Anyone have any suggestions?

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• Systemd can't start script?

  - by TokyoMEWS

  I have a BASH-script I want to run on start up. My system is running systemd so I created a .service file with whith what I think is the neccessary information: [Unit] Description=My Script After=network.target [Service] ExecStart=/home/myscript.sh [Install] WantedBy=multi-user.target I used systemctl enable to 'register' it an rebooted. On boot I was told my script would be executed, but I could neither see any of the messages ECHO should display on screen nor did it write something to a file, according to what I had written in the script. Additionally, It does not start the application it's supposed to start. Systemctl status tells me that the script has run and exited successfully. Still, the script has no effect. If I run the script from a shell it works perfectly fine. Do any of you know what could be my problem?

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• Help getting iPython to run from the OSX terminal.

  - by Azfar

  Hi there, Got a heads up from stackoverflow.com to ask the question here. I'm going through the matplotlib documentation and prepared to use the iPython interactive Python shell with ipython -pylab. However I get this: MBP:~ Me$ ipython -pylab -bash: ipython: command not found Did I fail to install iPython? I used easy_install as advised. Any ideas? Update Thought I'd just say that I found the iPython "executable" in /opt/local/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.6/bin after doing a Spotlight search. Still a little confused as to what to do.

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• Is there a way to automatically disconnect a notebook from the eletrical power-supply?

  - by Diogo

  I know this looks like weird and useless, but let me explain... I'm running Windows Assessment and Deployment Kit (Windows ADK) to make some tests on Windows 8 Preview. One of it's assessment is the "Battery Run Down Test", which tests battery consumption with some procesor load. I'm trying to "automate" in some way this test, I mean, I wish to execute it without any human intervention (such as manually disconecting the eletric power source to leave my notebook running only from batteries to run this assessment). So, there is some ACPI API, Windows API or even an easy bat shell/VBScript/Powershell command to do this? Does someone already made something like? PS: I'm asking this because I couldn't found any answer, but maybe someone here would have any tip...

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• Mysterious @ character in the Windows Registry

  - by Karel

  When I navigate to "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\WMP.PlayCD\Shell\Play" in The Windows Registry, I find one REG_EXPAND_SE named MUIVerb on my Windows 7 system. However in its contents it's carrying "@%windir%\system32\wmploc.dll,-6503" Now my question is: What does this @ character mean or do? I am an MS-DOS grown up and I haven't seen such a notation before. Should I interprete it as the @ like in an e-mail address? What is the final result. Does it become "C:\%windir%\system32\wmploc.dll,-6503" eventually ?

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• Debugging logrotate postrotate script

  - by robert

  Following is my logrotate conf. /mnt/je/logs/apache/jesites/web/*.log" { missingok rotate 0 size 5M copytruncate notifempty sharedscripts postrotate /home/bitnami/.conf/compress-and-upload.sh /mnt/je/logs/apache/jesites/web/ web endscript } And compress-and-upload.sh script, #!/bin/sh # Perform Rotated Log File Compression tar -czPf $1/log.gz $1/*.1 # Fetch the instance id from the instance EC2_INSTANCE_ID="`wget -q -O - http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/instance-id`" if [ -z $EC2_INSTANCE_ID ]; then echo "Error: Couldn't fetch Instance ID .. Exiting .." exit; else /usr/local/bin/s3cmd put $1/log.gz s3://xxxx/logs/$(date +%Y)/$(date +%m)/$(date +%d)/$2/$EC2_INSTANCE_ID-$(date +%H:%M:%S)-$2.gz fi # Removing Rotated Compressed Log File rm -f $1/log.gz The files are rotated, but shell script is not executed. I don't know how to debug the postscript. Is there any logfile I chek to see if there is any permission issues. If i directly execute the script from commandline file upload works. Thanks.

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• how can I pass an environment variable through an ssh command?

  - by Ross Rogers

  How can I pass a value into an ssh command, such that the environment that is started on the host machine starts with a certain environment variable set to my choosing? EDIT: The goal is to pass the current kde desktop ( from dcop kwin KWinInterface currentDesktop ) to the new shell created so that I can pass back an nfs locations to my JEdit instance on the original server which is unique for each KDE desktop. ( Using a mechanism like emacsserver/emacsclient) The reason multiples ssh instances can be in flight at one time is because when I'm setting up my environment, I'm opening a bunch of different ssh instances to different machines.

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• How do I reset the $PATH variable on Mac OS X?

  - by Neil

  I've messed up my path variable, and now some apps that I run raise errors saying Command Not Found (error 127) for commands like 'date' and 'sleep'. These commands work fine when executed directly in the shell. I'm guessing this has something to do with a malformed $PATH variable, and need to know how to reset it. I've deleted the files ~/.bashrc , ~/.bash_profile, /etc/bash.bashrc, and ~/.bashrc and ~/.profile. What other files could hold my $PATH? Is there some simpler way to reset the Path than dig into the myriad files which could hold my path? Note, this path problem is only with my user. I made a test user on my system, and the path was fine, back to normal.

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• Retrieve a domain name based on an IP Address?

  - by Neil Kodner

  I'm reviewing some apache logs, specifically with respect to downloaded files. I'm interested in knowing, if possible, which domain is responsible for the download, given an IP address. I've given nslookup a try and it seems to (mostly) get the job done but it returns all sorts of extraneous information. Ideally, I pass in an IP and receive a domain back. Before I write a shell script to parse the output of nslookup to capture the domain, I'd like to know if this is the best way of approaching this problem, or if there is a more tried-and-true method of doing this. Specifically, I'd like to know if an address resolves to an amazonaws.com domain. I understand that this might be difficult because EC2 machines are dynamically created and destroyed - I'd like to know if the IP addresses for AWS/EC2/EMR machines fit any sort of addressing pattern.

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• How to pass AppleScripts display dialog to Growl or growlnotify?

  - by pattulus

  I have this simple AppleScript which takes the text in the clipboard and outputs the amount of words and characters used. What I'm trying to do is passing "display dialog" to Growl or growlnotify. I know how to use growlnotify in the shell - it's great and highly customizable (stick note, assign app icon or an image, etc) - but the point is: I don't know how to do it in AppleScript. I google a bit but now time has passed and I decided to post my question here. So, here's the script: set myCount to count (the clipboard) set myWords to count words of (the clipboard) set myParas to count paragraphs of (the clipboard) display dialog "Characters: " & myCount & " Words: " & myWords & " Paragraphs: " & myParas Thanks.

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• Change permission of files with the owner 'apache'

  - by Dotty

  Hay, i have some files on my server with the owner set to "apache", I'm not quite sure how this happened. Anyway, i need to change the permission of these files to 0777 so i can download/edit them. However i cannot. I'm using a 1and1 Linux server and use Plesk to administrate it. I have the ability to login via SSH. However, if i run chmod or chown i get a "permission denied" error, and if i try to sudo chmod or chown it says the command cannot be found. When i go to edit my domain details, i get this option Shell access to server with FTP user's credentials and have these options /bin/sh /bin/bash /sbin/nologin /bin/bash (chrooted) /bin/rbash Any idea's how i should go about changing the permissions or changing the owner? Thanks

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• Would NetBSD be a good choice for a web server?

  - by Alexander

  I've the choice of crafting a NetBSD image for a Xen VPS host, and was just wanting to play around as I like BSD and wished to use it for my general web hosting. I will be hosting a low-mid traffic website and maybe a few other simple services. Do you think NetBSD would be a sufficient choice, in terms of general performance of multiple system users and fair amount of traffic to Apache compared to what Linux could normally handle? I am concerned if I do start to really like it and keep it, I may be limiting myself if I am to move further with my web host and get more traffic (and maybe a lot of FTP access and user shell accounts) Ken

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• "Fuzzy" Display Problems on New OpenSUSE 11.3 Install

  - by Kryten

  Hi, I have a old Desktop that has a new installation of OpenSUSE 11.3 on it. To get straight to the point, whenever I try to start-up OpenSUSE, my display goes "fuzzy" (almost like a badly tuned TV) and sometimes (not always) my monitor goes black and says "Out of Range: 15.6kHz/49Hz": I assumed that this was a driver problem, so I download the drivers from nvidia and ran the shell script, completed and rebooted. Then OpenSUSE failed to boot with something like "nscd failed to start". At that point I decided to re-install and I did, but this time I tried un-checking "Automatic Configuration" to see if that helped. Got through the install and still have a problem. Unfortunately, my Linux troubleshooting skills are non-existent, so has anyone got any ideas on what could be the problem (is it the display driver?) and how I can fix the problem?

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• Advice: USB Monitoring Programming

  - by Kashif

  I need an advice about USB programming in linux. i have to design a USB monitoring program that 'll keep checking usb ports of a linux cent os. as soon as a usb or external hard disk is connected, this program will shoot an email to some specific person about detail of usb (as size, mount on, time). when usb is disconnected, it will again shoot an email to some person with same kind of information. mean while this program will also write logs in syslog/messages with name of programing for easy tracking. Now I want ask that what is best way to develop this program. as I'm new to this field so i know nothing about it? either i should use perl, bash scripting or some other language? I have no idea what is right way to adopt coz this program will keep running all the time to keep a check on usb ports. I know few commands in like lsusb, fdisk (to check attached usb) and df -h (to get detail of usb) but dont know how i can achieve using these commands that i am thinking. also one more thing that in future i also need to modify this program for ubuntu and Citrix XenServer and it should be same everywhere.

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• How do I batch-downsize images on linux, while keeping small images small?

  - by Gabriel

  I have a whole lot of photos and it's time to clean up the mess and free some disk space. I know mogrify is great to batch-resize things down. The problem is, in some directories I have small images mixed with the big ones. I'd like to batch-downsize all the big one but not upsize the small ones. As an example, I have a rep with tens of MBs-pictures in the 3000x2000s. Some of them I have already downsized so I could email them. They may be 1024x768. I'd like to downsize the big ones to 1600x1200, a disk-space-to-quality tradeoff I like. But then, with mogrify or convert, the small ones will be upsized, which would be a waste of disk space. I found some tricky ways to use identify with cut and some scripting to filter the small pics out and mogrify the others, but man, there's got a way to tell mogrify not to upsize my pics... How ? Is there some other tool better suited ?

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• Django freezes when adding objects through the admin

  - by Quartz

  I have a Django 1.1 website running via Apache/mod_wsgi with a PostgreSQL 8.3.1 database. Recently, when I added objects through the admin interface, the connection froze up and I lost several worker processes, so I had to restart Apache. Upon trying to replicate this, I found that it only happens through the admin: if I go into the Django shell and issue the same insert, it works fine. Also, performing an UPDATE operation works without issues, so just INSERTs. I've rebuilt indexes on PostgreSQL and run a full VACUUM. Error logs don't show anything, and I can't figure out for the life of me what's wrong. Anyone have any ideas?

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• Major permission repair needed on Mac Os

  - by Luke1111

  I made the fatal error of copying and pasting a sudo command into my terminal without double checking it, here it is. sudo -R mysql / What this does (for those that don't know) is recursively change the owner every file from the root down to mysql!! obviously not what i was intending This has of course played havoc with my system, the first thing i did was the apple permission repair but that only works for files that it has an idea of though it has changed a lot of file ownerships back to root. It seems that many library files are still owned incorrectly, as a lot of problems don't work. What i propose doing as a temporary fix until i can reinstall mountain lion is to recursively set all ownerships that are mysql to Luke. I'm not sure what they should precisely but this is still better than nothing. Is this possible using a shell script? I realise that this won't fix the problem properly and i will have to reformat but i need the machine in a workable state just for this week.

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