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  • An old flaw in X Window System. How does it work?

    - by Legend
    I was going through an article today when it mentioned the following: "We've found many errors over the years. One of the absolute best was the following in the X Window System: if(getuid() != 0 && geteuid == 0) { ErrorF("Only root"); exit(1); } It allowed any local user to get root access. (The tautological check geteuid == 0 was intended to be geteuid() == 0. In its current form, it compress the address of geteuid to 0; given that the function exists, its address is never 0)." The article explained what was wrong with the code but I would like to know what it means to say that "It allowed any local user to get root access". I am not an expert in C but can someone give me an exact context in which this exploit would work? Specifically, what I mean is, lets say I am the local user, how would I get root access if we assume this code to be present somewhere?

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  • MySQL::Eliminating redundant elements from a table?

    - by Legend
    I have a table like this: +-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | v1 | int(11) | YES | MUL | NULL | | | v2 | int(11) | YES | MUL | NULL | | +-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+ There is a tremendous amount of duplication in this table. For instance, elements like the following: +------+------+ | v1 | v2 | +------+------+ | 1 | 2 | | 1 | 3 | | 1 | 4 | | 1 | 5 | | 1 | 6 | | 1 | 7 | | 1 | 8 | | 1 | 9 | | 2 | 1 | | 4 | 1 | | 5 | 1 | | 6 | 1 | | 7 | 1 | | 8 | 1 | | 9 | 1 | +------+------+ The table is large with 1540000 entries. To remove the redundant entries (i.e. to get a table having only (1,9) and no (9,1) entries), I was thinking of doing it with a subquery but is there a better way of doing this?

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  • Unix: cannot add "\\ \n" even with escaping to the end of line

    - by HH
    I try to convert clean columnwise data to tables in tex. I am unable to have "\ \n" at each end of line. Please, see the command at the end. Data $ echo `. ./bin/addTableTexTags.sh < .data_3` 10.31 & 8.50 & 7.40 10.34 & 8.53 & 7.81 8.22 & 8.62 & 7.78 10.16 & 8.53 & 7.44 10.41 & 8.38 & 7.63 10.38 & 8.57 & 8.03 10.13 & 8.66 & 7.41 8.50 & 8.60 & 7.15 10.41 & 8.63 & 7.21 8.53 & 8.53 & 7.12 $ cat .data_3 10.31 8.50 7.40 10.34 8.53 7.81 8.22 8.62 7.78 10.16 8.53 7.44 10.41 8.38 7.63 10.38 8.57 8.03 10.13 8.66 7.41 8.50 8.60 7.15 10.41 8.63 7.21 8.53 8.53 7.12 addTableTexTags.sh #!/bin/bash sed -e "s@[[:space:]]@\t\&\t@g" -e "s@[[:space:]]*&*[[:space:]]*\$@\t \\ \\\\n@g" // Tried Escaping "\\" with "/" here and there // but cannot get a line ending with "\\ \n".

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  • Trying to reinvent the wheel of StackOverflow to have a good learning experience. Need some suggesti

    - by Legend
    I want to learn and am not able to do it unless I have a real "mission" to complete. SO is my favorite and I can't imagine a better experience than actually recreating it but not in ASP. I'd like to use PHP+MySQL+jQuery. So far, I have been a self-taught programmer but I would like to master one paradigm that forces you to adhere to the standards. For instance, recently, jQuery forced me to use some "rules". The plugins were supposed to be written in a particular way and that's it. When I started off, everything seemed like Greek and Latin but when I finished a very small plugin, I felt really happy because it forced me to program in a certain way. I am looking for something like this only in a larger project. I've heard a lot about MVC and all but I am confused about the various frameworks out there. Zend seems awesome but looks heavy at the same time and also requires you to have a lot more control over the web-server whereas CakePHP is a good and a fast framework that needs only little control. Do I use one of these or just write my own MVC? I have the following goals: Goals: Site should be fast - I know this depends on my coding skills but I will learn on my way. The framework itself should not slow me down) Setting up the site should not require you to use command-line - This requirement is ok during development. But some frameworks like Symphony require you to initialize certain things through command-line Should support pluggable modules - For instance, if I want to be able to use the FCK editor, I should be able to organize things in a good way. Should be possible to extend - For instance, SO is mainly a Q&A site but I should be able to logically extend it into an Idea Management System (optional but I'm curious). This goes more into code re-usability I guess. I am comfortable with MySQL so I should be done with database design etc. with some serious effort. As for PHP, I can write code on my own but haven't really used any frameworks that much. jQuery, I started off recently and love it. I would be glad if someone can guide me during these initial steps. Precisely, when designing something like SO, I have the following questions: Do I use a framework? If yes, should it be MVC? If MVC, which one is a good and a scalable one? (I'd love something like jQuery that will not die anytime soon) How do I balance the functionality? The same logic can sometimes be made server centric or client centric. (more Ajax?). Is it a good idea to make a heavy javascript site considering the recent advances on client-side JS processing? Just in case anyone is wondering, I am not interested in commercializing any of this. I need a reason to learn something :)

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  • An array problem in C++

    - by manugupt1
    To access the array indice at the xth position we can use some sort of illustration as shown below #include<iostream> using namespace std; int main(){ float i[20]; for(int j=0;j<=20;j++) i[j]=0; } However the following piece of code does not work #include<iostream> using namespace std; float oldrand[55]; int jrand; void advance_random(){ int j1; float new_random; for(j1=0;j1<=23;j1++){ int temp = j1+30; new_random = (oldrand[j1]) - (oldrand[temp]); if(new_random <0.0) new_random = new_random+1; oldrand[j1] = new_random; } for(j1=24;j1<=54;j1++){ new_random[j1] = oldrand[j1] - oldrand[j1-23]; if(new_random[j1]<0.0) new_random[j1] = new_random + 1; oldrand[j1]=new_random; } } I recieve the following error ga.cpp:20: error: invalid types ‘float[int]’ for array subscript ga.cpp:21: error: invalid types ‘float[int]’ for array subscript ga.cpp:22: error: invalid types ‘float[int]’ for array subscript I am not able to find a mistake in my code please help me

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  • List in a Python class shares the same object over 2 different instances?

    - by zfranciscus
    I created a class: class A: aList = [] now I have function that instantiate this class and add items into the aList. note: there are 2 items for item in items: a = A(); a.aList.append(item); I find that the first A and the second A object has the same number of items in their aList. I would expect that the first A object will have the first item in its list and the second A object will have the second item in its aList. Can anyone explain how this happens ? PS: I manage to solve this problem by moving the aList inside a constructor : def __init__(self): self.aList = []; but I am still curious about this behavior

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  • Is it a good idea for me to learn Python before C or some other Compiler language?

    - by Dream Lane
    Right now I am going through MIT's introduction to Computer Science course via OpenCourseWare. As a part of this course I am learning the Python Language. I've read a lot of things about the benefits of learning C. Before I dig any deeper into Python I wonder if I will be hindered or helped by learning Python first. Do you think that I will develop any bad habits or anything like that from Python?

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  • Why C++ is (one of) the best language to learn at first [closed]

    - by AlexV
    C++ is one of the most used programming language in the world since like 25+ years. My first job as programmer was in C++ and I coded in C++ everyday for nearly 4 years. Now I do mostly PHP, but I will forever cherish this C++ background. C++ has helped me understand many "under the hood" features/behaviors/restrictions of many other (and different) programming languages like PHP and Delphi. I'm a full time programmer for 6+ years now and since I have a quite varied programming background I often get questions by "newbies" as where to start to become a "good" programmer. I think C++ is one of the best language to start with because it gives you a real usefull experience that will last and will teach you how things work under the hood. It's not the easier one to learn for a newbie, but in my opinion it's the one who will reward the most in long term. I would like to know your opinion on this matter to add to my arguments when I guide "newbies". After this introduction, here's my question : Why C++ is for you (one of) the best language to learn at first. Since it's subjective, I've marked this question as community wiki.

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  • When I overload the assignment operator for my simple class array, I get the wrong answer I espect

    - by user299648
    //output is "01234 00000" but the output should be or what I want it to be is // "01234 01234" because of the assignment overloaded operator #include <iostream> using namespace std; class IntArray { public: IntArray() : size(10), used(0) { a= new int[10]; } IntArray(int s) : size(s), used(0) { a= new int[s]; } int& operator[]( int index ); IntArray& operator =( const IntArray& rightside ); ~IntArray() { delete [] a; } private: int *a; int size; int used;//for array position }; int main() { IntArray copy; if( 2>1) { IntArray arr(5); for( int k=0; k<5; k++) arr[k]=k; copy = arr; for( int j=0; j<5; j++) cout<<arr[j]; } cout<<" "; for( int j=0; j<5; j++) cout<<copy[j]; return 0; } int& IntArray::operator[]( int index ) { if( index >= size ) cout<<"ilegal index in IntArray"<<endl; return a[index]; } IntArray& IntArray::operator =( const IntArray& rightside ) { if( size != rightside.size )//also checks if on both side same object { delete [] a; a= new int[rightside.size]; } size=rightside.size; used=rightside.used; for( int i = 0; i < used; i++ ) a[i]=rightside.a[i]; return *this; }

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  • Java Graphics not displaying on successive function calls, why?

    - by primehunter326
    Hi, I'm making a visualization for a BST implementation (I posted another question about it the other day). I've created a GUI which displays the viewing area and buttons. I've added code to the BST implementation to recursively traverse the tree, the function takes in coordinates along with the Graphics object which are initially passed in by the main GUI class. My idea was that I'd just have this function re-draw the tree after every update (add, delete, etc...), drawing a rectangle over everything first to "refresh" the viewing area. This also means I could alter the BST implementation (i.e by adding a balance operation) and it wouldn't affect the visualization. The issue I'm having is that the draw function only works the first time it is called, after that it doesn't display anything. I guess I don't fully understand how the Graphics object works since it doesn't behave the way I'd expect it to when getting passed/called from different functions. I know the getGraphics function has something to do with it. Relevant code: private void draw(){ Graphics g = vPanel.getGraphics(); tree.drawTree(g,ORIGIN,ORIGIN); } vPanel is what I'm drawing on private void drawTree(Graphics g, BinaryNode<AnyType> n, int x, int y){ if( n != null ){ drawTree(g, n.left, x-10,y+10 ); if(n.selected){ g.setColor(Color.blue); } else{ g.setColor(Color.gray); } g.fillOval(x,y,20,20); g.setColor(Color.black); g.drawString(n.element.toString(),x,y); drawTree(g,n.right, x+10,y+10); } } It is passed the root node when it is called by the public function. Do I have to have: Graphics g = vPanel.getGraphics(); ...within the drawTree function? This doesn't make sense!! Thanks for your help.

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  • Drupal - Generating forms from the database.

    - by YsoL8
    Hello I'm trying to teach myself Drupal and I've found something I can't find any tutorials for. I am trying to generate a form, with a dynamic number of text fields, to populate and edit the contents of my custom table. In regular PHP I would achieve this with: $count = '0'; while ($row = mysql_fetch_array ($result) { echo "<input type='text' name='title_row".$count."' value='".$row['title']."'>" $count = $count +1; } Can someone point me to something that'll show me how to do that in Drupal (and processing the submited data)? Thanks

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  • Declaring an integer Range with step != 1 in Ruby

    - by Dan Tao
    Hey guys, I'm completely new to Ruby, so be gentle. Say I want to iterate over the range of even numbers from 2 to 100; how would I do that? Obviously I could do: (2..100).each do |x| if x % 2 == 0 # my code end end But, obviously (again), that would be pretty stupid. I know I could do something like: i = 2 while i <= 100 # my code i += 2 end I believe I could also write my own custom class that provides its own each method (?). I am almost sure that would be overkill, though. I'm interested in two things: Is it possible to do this with some variation of the standard Range syntax (i.e., (x..y).each)? Either way, what would be the most idiomatic "Ruby way" of accomplishing this (using a Range or otherwise)? Like I said, I'm new to the language; so any guidance you can offer on how to do things in a more typical Ruby style would be much appreciated.

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  • Books on Debugging Techniques?

    - by zooropa
    Are there any books on debugging techniques? A friend of mine is learning to code and he asked me this question. I told him I don't know of any. Is it that you just have to go through the School of Hard Knocks to learn?

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  • Psycopg2 doesn't like table names that start with a lower case letter

    - by Count Boxer
    I am running ActiveState's ActivePython 2.6.5.12 and PostgreSQL 9.0 Beta 1 under Windows XP. If I create a table with an upper case first letter (i.e. Books), psycopg2 returns the "Programming Error: relation "books" does not exist" error message when I run the select statement: execute("SELECT * FROM Books"). The same error is returned if I run: execute("SELECT * FROM books"). However, if I change the table to a lower case first name (i.e. books), then either of the above statements works. Are tables name supposed to have a lower case first name? Is this a setting or a feature or a bug? Am I missing something obvious?

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  • Python - Removing duplicates from a string

    - by Daniel
    def remove_duplicates(strng): """ Returns a string which is the same as the argument except only the first occurrence of each letter is present. Upper and lower case letters are treated as different. Only duplicate letters are removed, other characters such as spaces or numbers are not changed. >>> remove_duplicates('apple') 'aple' >>> remove_duplicates('Mississippi') 'Misp' >>> remove_duplicates('The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog') 'The quick brown fx jmps v t lazy dg' >>> remove_duplicates('121 balloons 2 u') '121 balons 2 u' """ s = strng.split() return strng.replace(s[0],"") Writing a function to get rid of duplicate letters but so far have been playing around for an hour and can't get anything. Help would be appreciated, thanks.

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  • Permutations in python 2.5.2

    - by flpgdt
    Hi, I have a list of numbers for input, e.g. 671.00 1,636.00 436.00 9,224.00 and I want to generate all possible sums with a way to id it for output, e.g.: 671.00 + 1,636.00 = 2,307.00 671.00 + 436.00 = 1,107.00 671.00 + 9,224.00 = 9,224.00 671.00 + 1,636.00 + 436.00 = 2,743.00 ... and I would like to do it in Python My current constrains are: a) I'm just learning python now (that's part of the idea) b) I will have to use Python 2.5.2 (no intertools) I think I have found a piece of code that may help: def all_perms(str): if len(str) <=1: yield str else: for perm in all_perms(str[1:]): for i in range(len(perm)+1): #nb str[0:1] works in both string and list contexts yield perm[:i] + str[0:1] + perm[i:] ( from these guys ) But I'm not sure how to use it in my propose. Could someone trow some tips and pieces of code of help? cheers, f.

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  • How to get unique value in jquery?

    - by jquerier
    I am learning jquery. I have following chunk of code in a html file: <table width="100%"> <tr> <td align='center'> <div> <a id='get_this' href='#'> <input type='hidden' id='id' value='1'><img src='images/1.gif'></a> </div> </td> <td align='center'> <div> <a id='get_this' href='#'> <input type='hidden' id='id' value='2'><img src='images/2.gif'></a> </div> </td> <td align='center'> <div> <a id='get_this' href='#'> <input type='hidden' id='id' value='3'><img src='images/3.gif'></a> </div> </td> </tr> What I want to do is, when I click any of the image, I can get the value, so that I can display the information. For example, I click the id=1, then I will display information on id1 in somewhere else. I tried this: $("a#get_this").click(function(){ var id = $('input[type=hidden]#id').val(); window.alert("You have chosen the id: " + id); }); It always return id: 1 to me.

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  • Codeigniter: how should I restructure db schema?

    - by Kevin Brown
    I don't even know if that's the right term. May it be known that I'm a major novice! I have three tables: users, profiles, and survey. Each one has user_id as it's first field, (auto-increment for users), and they're all tied by a foreign key constraint, CASCADE on DELETE. Currently, for each user, let's say user_id 1, they have a corresponding db entry in the other tables. For profiles it lists all their information, and the survey table holds all their survey information. Now I must change things...darn scope creep. Users need the ability to have multiple survey results. I imagine that this would be similar to a comment table for a blog... My entire app runs around the idea that a single user is linked to a constraining profile and survey. How should I structure my db? How should I design my app's db so that a user can have multiple tests/profiles for the test? Please assist! Any advice, information and personal-knowledge is appreciated! Right now the only way I know how to accompany my client is to create a pseudo-user for each test (so unnecessary) and list them in a view table (called "your tests")-- these are obtained from the db by saying: where user_id=manager_id

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  • how to get the parent dir location using python..

    - by zjm1126
    this code is get the templates/blog1/page.html in b.py: path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), os.path.join('templates', 'blog1/page.html')) but i want to get the parent dir location: a |---b.py |---templates |--------blog1 |-------page.html and how to get the a location thanks

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  • C++ Typing and OOP child classes

    - by Zack
    I'm a bit confused: If I have a base class A, and a class B which extends A, can a variable of the type A hold a value of the type B and vice versa? If yes, why? Aren't they completely different even if B is derived from A? How about type-safety? If this is possible, what things do I have to mind when taking use of this? How would this work out in terms of performance? Note: Sorry if I asked too many questions, just ignore them and just look out for those "marked" with the list decoration dot :) Also, this is not my homework. I'm a hobby programmer and have skills in scripting languages with OOP, yet I'm relatively new to OOP typing in C++.

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  • Quality questionnaire php mysql graphipcs

    - by Marcelo
    Hi, i'm making a questionnaire about a service quality, its contains the options (poor, regular, good, very good). It's contains 6 questions (radio button) and a suggestion box (textbox). In the table of the database i created 6 rows for questions, 1 for suggestion and 1 for date (a friend of mine tole me to use this but i didn't get why). q1) I'm going to atribute a value form 1 to 4 to the radio buttons options, and i'd like to sum every answer for each question, and then divide by the numbers of user that answered that question and give the mean. how am i supposed to to that? I'd also like generate reports of the month, of the year. q2) not only about the questionnaire but for registration too. I need all the fields to be completed, no blank options, if he don't complete all of fields it'll not be submitted and there will be a warning message to the user. q3) about the field type, i'd like it to be the same class that is in the database, i'm having a "problem". Ex: Name(varchar) : 1234(int), in the field 'name' of the table of the database 1234 will be shown as name, and i don't want this, i want only the type that i declared in the construction of the table. q4) i'd also like to know if it's possible to create pizza graphics, about the percentage of each question, is this possible? q5) I'm using phpmyadmin and some of my id's are auto_increment, but 'cause of my tests they at a high number, i'd like to restart to 0 the ids number, is this possible? Thanks for the attention.

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  • Use C function in C++ program; "multiply-defined" error

    - by eom
    I am trying to use this code for the Porter stemming algorithm in a C++ program I've already written. I followed the instructions near the end of the file for using the code as a separate module. I created a file, stem.c, that ends after the definition and has extern int stem(char * p, int i, int j) ... It worked fine in Xcode but it does not work for me on Unix with gcc 4.1.1--strange because usually I have no problem moving between the two. I get the error ld: fatal: symbol `stem(char*, int, int)' is multiply-defined: (file /var/tmp//ccrWWlnb.o type=FUNC; file /var/tmp//cc6rUXka.o type=FUNC); ld: fatal: File processing errors. No output written to cluster I've looked online and it seems like there are many things I could have wrong, but I'm not sure what combination of a header file, extern "C", etc. would work.

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  • How to provide global functionality in multi-user database app

    - by Mike B
    I have been building a multi-user database application (in C#/WPF 4.0) that manages tasks for all employees of a company. I now need to add some functionality such as sending an email reminder to someone when a critical task is due. How should this be done? Obviously I don’t want every instance of the program to be performing this function (Heh each user would get 10+ emails). Should I add the capability to the application as a "Mode" and then run a copy on the database server in this mode or would it be better to create a new app altogether to perform "Global" type tasks? Is there a better way?

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