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• Question about my sorting algorithm in C++

  - by davit-datuashvili

  i have following code in c++ #include <iostream> using namespace std; void qsort5(int a[],int n){ int i; int j; if (n<=1) return; for (i=1;i<n;i++) j=0; if (a[i]<a[0]) swap(++j,i,a); swap(0,j,a); qsort5(a,j); qsort(a+j+1,n-j-1); } int main() { return 0; } void swap(int i,int j,int a[]) { int t=a[i]; a[i]=a[j]; a[j]=t; } i have problem 1>c:\users\dato\documents\visual studio 2008\projects\qsort5\qsort5\qsort5.cpp(13) : error C2780: 'void std::swap(std::basic_string<_Elem,_Traits,_Alloc> &,std::basic_string<_Elem,_Traits,_Alloc> &)' : expects 2 arguments - 3 provided 1> c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xstring(2203) : see declaration of 'std::swap' 1>c:\users\dato\documents\visual studio 2008\projects\qsort5\qsort5\qsort5.cpp(13) : error C2780: 'void std::swap(std::pair<_Ty1,_Ty2> &,std::pair<_Ty1,_Ty2> &)' : expects 2 arguments - 3 provided 1> c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\utility(76) : see declaration of 'std::swap' 1>c:\users\dato\documents\visual studio 2008\projects\qsort5\qsort5\qsort5.cpp(13) : error C2780: 'void std::swap(_Ty &,_Ty &)' : expects 2 arguments - 3 provided 1> c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\utility(16) : see declaration of 'std::swap' 1>c:\users\dato\documents\visual studio 2008\projects\qsort5\qsort5\qsort5.cpp(14) : error C2780: 'void std::swap(std::basic_string<_Elem,_Traits,_Alloc> &,std::basic_string<_Elem,_Traits,_Alloc> &)' : expects 2 arguments - 3 provided 1> c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\xstring(2203) : see declaration of 'std::swap' 1>c:\users\dato\documents\visual studio 2008\projects\qsort5\qsort5\qsort5.cpp(14) : error C2780: 'void std::swap(std::pair<_Ty1,_Ty2> &,std::pair<_Ty1,_Ty2> &)' : expects 2 arguments - 3 provided 1> c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\utility(76) : see declaration of 'std::swap' 1>c:\users\dato\documents\visual studio 2008\projects\qsort5\qsort5\qsort5.cpp(14) : error C2780: 'void std::swap(_Ty &,_Ty &)' : expects 2 arguments - 3 provided 1> c:\program files\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\utility(16) : see declaration of 'std::swap' 1>c:\users\dato\documents\visual studio 2008\projects\qsort5\qsort5\qsort5.cpp(16) : error C2661: 'qsort' : no overloaded function takes 2 arguments 1>Build log was saved at "file://c:\Users\dato\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\qsort5\qsort5\Debug\BuildLog.htm" please help

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• Recursion problem in algorithm

  - by Marthin

  I'm not sure if this is the right place to post this, but the problem actually belongs to a programming assignment. Solve the recursion: T(0) = 2; T(n) = T(n-1) + 2; Solution: T(n) = 2(n+1) Could someone please show me how they got to that solution?

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• Student-Project allocation algorithms?

  - by Az

  Hi there, Is anyone aware of any documented Student-Project allocation algorithms (similar to the Hospitals-Residents problem, which is a subset of a two-sided matching problem)?

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• Algorithm to find the next number in a sequence

  - by Ben Shelock

  Ever since I started programming this has been something I have been curious about. But seems too complicated for me to even attempt. I'd love to see a solution. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 // returns 6 (n + 1) 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 //returns 60 (n + 10) 10, 17, 31, 59, 115 //returns 227 ((n * 2) - 3)

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• algorithm to find longest non-overlapping sequences

  - by msalvadores

  I am trying to find the best way to solve the following problem. By best way I mean less complex. As an input a list of tuples (start,length) such: [(0,5),(0,1),(1,9),(5,5),(5,7),(10,1)] Each element represets a sequence by its start and length, for example (5,7) is equivalent to the sequence (5,6,7,8,9,10,11) - a list of 7 elements starting with 5. One can assume that the tuples are sorted by the start element. The output should return a non-overlapping combination of tuples that represent the longest continuos sequences(s). This means that, a solution is a subset of ranges with no overlaps and no gaps and is the longest possible - there could be more than one though. For example for the given input the solution is: [(0,5),(5,7)] equivalent to (0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11) is it backtracking the best approach to solve this problem ? I'm interested in any different approaches that people could suggest. Also if anyone knows a formal reference of this problem or another one that is similar I'd like to get references. BTW - this is not homework. Edit Just to avoid some mistakes this is another example of expected behaviour for an input like [(0,1),(1,7),(3,20),(8,5)] the right answer is [(3,20)] equivalent to (3,4,5,..,22) with length 20. Some of the answers received would give [(0,1),(1,7),(8,5)] equivalent to (0,1,2,...,11,12) as right answer. But this last answer is not correct because is shorter than [(3,20)].

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• What is a good measure of strength of a link and influence of a node?

  - by Legend

  In the context of social networks, what is a good measure of strength of a link between two nodes? I am currently thinking that the following should give me what I want: For two nodes A and B: Strength(A,B) = (neighbors(A) intersection neighbors(B))/neighbors(A) where neighbors(X) gives the total number of nodes directly connected to X and the intersection operation above gives the number of nodes that are connected to both A and B. Of course, Strength(A,B) != Strength(B,A). Now knowing this, is there a good way to determine the influence of a node? I was initially using the Degree Centrality of a node to determine its "influence" but I somehow think its not a good idea because just because a node has a lot of outgoing links does not mean anything. Those links should be powerful as well. In that case, maybe using an aggregate of the strengths of each node connected to this node is a good idea to estimate its influence? I'm a little confused. Does anyone have any suggestions?

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• what is the best algorithm to use for this problem

  - by slim

  Equilibrium index of a sequence is an index such that the sum of elements at lower indexes is equal to the sum of elements at higher indexes. For example, in a sequence A: A[0]=-7 A[1]=1 A[2]=5 A[3]=2 A[4]=-4 A[5]=3 A[6]=0 3 is an equilibrium index, because: A[0]+A[1]+A[2]=A[4]+A[5]+A[6] 6 is also an equilibrium index, because: A[0]+A[1]+A[2]+A[3]+A[4]+A[5]=0 (sum of zero elements is zero) 7 is not an equilibrium index, because it is not a valid index of sequence A. If you still have doubts, this is a precise definition: the integer k is an equilibrium index of a sequence if and only if and . Assume the sum of zero elements is equal zero. Write a function int equi(int[] A); that given a sequence, returns its equilibrium index (any) or -1 if no equilibrium indexes exist. Assume that the sequence may be very long.

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• Finding good heuristic for A* search

  - by Martin

  I'm trying to find the optimal solution for a little puzzle game called Twiddle (an applet with the game can be found here). The game has a 3x3 matrix with the number from 1 to 9. The goal is to bring the numbers in the correct order using the minimum amount of moves. In each move you can rotate a 2x2 square either clockwise or counterclockwise. I.e. if you have this state 6 3 9 8 7 5 1 2 4 and you rotate the upper left 2x2 square clockwise you get 8 6 9 7 3 5 1 2 4 I'm using a A* search to find the optimal solution. My f() is simply the number of rotations need. My heuristic function already leads to the optimal solution but I don't think it's the best one you can find. My current heuristic takes each corner, looks at the number at the corner and calculates the manhatten distance to the position this number will have in the solved state (which gives me the number of rotation needed to bring the number to this postion) and sums all these values. I.e. You take the above example: 6 3 9 8 7 5 1 2 4 and this end state 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 then the heuristic does the following 6 is currently at index 0 and should by at index 5: 3 rotations needed 9 is currently at index 2 and should by at index 8: 2 rotations needed 1 is currently at index 6 and should by at index 0: 2 rotations needed 4 is currently at index 8 and should by at index 3: 3 rotations needed h = 3 + 2 + 2 + 3 = 10 But there is the problem, that you rotate 4 elements at once. So there a rare cases where you can do two (ore more) of theses estimated rotations in one move. This means theses heuristic overestimates the distance to the solution. My current workaround is, to simply excluded one of the corners from the calculation which solves this problem at least for my test-cases. I've done no research if really solves the problem or if this heuristic still overestimates in same edge-cases. So my question is: What is the best heuristic you can come up with? (Disclaimer: This is for a university project, so this is a bit of homework. But I'm free to use any resource if can come up with, so it's okay to ask you guys. Also I will credit Stackoverflow for helping me ;) )

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• An algorithm to find common edits

  - by Tass

  I've got two word lists, an example: list 1 list 2 foot fuut barj kijo foio fuau fuim fuami kwim kwami lnun lnun kizm kazm I'd like to find o ? u # 1 and 3 i ? a # 3 and 7 im ? ami # 4 and 5 This should be ordered by amount of occurrences, so I can filter the ones that don't appear often. The lists currently consist of 35k words, the calculation should take about 6h on an average server.

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• Algorithm to Group All the Cycles Together

  - by Ngu Soon Hui

  I have a lot of cycles ( indicated by numeric values, for example, 1-2-3-4 corresponds to a cycle, with 4 edges, edge 1 is {1:2}, edge 2 is {2:3}, edge 3 is {3,4}, edge 4 is {4,1}, and so on). A cycle is said to be connected to another cycle if they share one and only one edge. For example, let's say I have two cycles 1-2-3-4 and 5-6-7-8, then there are two cycle groups because these two cycles are not connecting to each other. If I have two cycles 1-2-3-4 and 3-4-5-6, then I have only one cycle group because these two cycles share the same edge. What is the most efficient way to find all the cycle groups?

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• Help with a algorithm in linq to resolve a query

  - by Deumber

  I have been some time thinking how to resolve this problem, but out of ideas i prefer expose it for help. I have 2 tables (linq to sql) A and B, A have a many relation with B, so A have a property EntitySet of B A have the following properties: CreateDate (Datetime) ModificateDate (Datetime) Bs (EntitySet<B>) B have the following properties: CreateDate (Datetime) ModificateDate (Datetime) All that i want is return a ordered collection of A by the Max date between : A.CreateDate, A.ModificateDate, The Max B.CreateDate of all B in A The Max B.ModificateDate of all B in A if i someone need a little example, just ask for it.

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• YouTube URL algorithm?

  - by BenB

  How would you go about generating the unique video URL's that YouTube uses? Example: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CvUN8qg9lsk

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• algorithm to make easy my job

  - by gcc

  Iwill tell part of study material task but, dont afraid, I dont want write all of them , I will ask just specific question.okey; User will give me a function with three unknown. example: sin(a+b)+ln(5)*(log(ab)-32/sqrt(abc)) another example for function atan(23/a)-exp(a,b)*(123+asin(ac)) and there are some another input with funtion but in all input a,b and c, are doesnot determined, Anyway,I wont tell the other part,I just asking how I should take the fuction such that I can do my job with easy?

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• Need an algorithm for this problem

  - by Heisenburgor

  There are two integer sequences A[] and B[] of length N,both unsorted. Requirement: through the swapping of elements between A[] and B[], make the difference between {the sum of all elements in A[]} and {the sum of all elements in B[]} to be minimum. Many thanks

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• suggest an algorithm for the following puzzle!!

  - by garima

  There are n petrol bunks arranged in circle. Each bunk is separated from the rest by a certain distance. You choose some mode of travel which needs 1litre of petrol to cover 1km distance. You can't infinitely draw any amount of petrol from each bunk as each bunk has some limited petrol only. But you know that the sum of litres of petrol in all the bunks is equal to the distance to be covered. ie let P1, P2, ... Pn be n bunks arranged circularly. d1 is distance between p1 and p2, d2 is distance between p2 and p3. dn is distance between pn and p1.Now find out the bunk from where the travel can be started such that your mode of travel never runs out of fuel.

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• efficient algorithm to test whether a given number is part of the fibonnaci sequence

  - by blueberryfields

  Given the number X, is it a fibonnaci number? Any source code or mathematical formula would be ok. Yes, it looks like this is a duplicate of (this question). How does stack overflow deal with duplicates?

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• Algorithm for finding all paths in a NxN grid

  - by Periastron

  Imagine a robot sitting on the upper left hand corner of an NxN grid. The robot can only move in two directions: right and down. How many possible paths are there for the robot? I could find solution to this problem on Google, but I am not very clear with the explanations. I am trying to clearly understand the logic on how to solve this and implement in Java. Any help is appreciated. Update: This is an interview question. For now, I am trying to reach the bottom-right end and print the possible paths.

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• What Math topics & resources to consider as beginner to indulge the book - Introduction to Algorithm

  - by sector7

  I'm a programmer who's beginning to appreciate the knowledge & usability of Algorithms in my work as I move forward with my skill-set. I don't want to take the short path by learning how to apply algorithms "as-is" but would rather like to know the foundation and fundamentals behind them. For that I need Math, at which I'm pretty "basic". I'm considering getting tuition's for that. What I would like is to have a concise syllabus/set of topics/book which I could hand over to my math tutor to get started. HIGHLY DESIRED: one book. the silver bullet. (fingers crossed!) PS: I've got some leads but want to hear you guys/gurus out: Discrete Math, Combinatorics, Graph theory, Calculus, Linear Algebra, and Number Theory. Looking forward to your answers. Thanks!

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• How can I improve the performance of this algorithm

  - by Justin

  // Checks whether the array contains two elements whose sum is s. // Input: A list of numbers and an integer s // Output: return True if the answer is yes, else return False public static boolean calvalue (int[] numbers, int s){ for (int i=0; i< numbers.length; i++){ for (int j=i+1; j<numbers.length;j++){ if (numbers[i] < s){ if (numbers[i]+numbers[j] == s){ return true; } } } } return false; }

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• Need an efficient algorithm solve this kind of complex structure

  - by Rizvan

  Problem Statement is : Given 2 Dimensional array, print output for example If 4 rows and 6 columns, output would be: 1 2 3 4 5 6 16 17 18 19 20 7 15 24 23 22 21 8 14 13 12 11 10 9 I tried it is looking like square within square but when I attempted this problem, I put so many while and if loops but didn't got exact answer. If row and columns increases how to handle it? This is not homework. I was learning solving complex structure so I need to understand it by some guidance.

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• algorithm to find the three majority elements in an array

  - by Qiang Li

  Let's say there are three elements in a non-sorted array all of which appear more than one-fourth times of the total number of elements. What is the most efficient way to find these elements? Both for non-online and online versions of this question. Thank you! Edit The non-online version I was referring to is: this array is specified in full. The online version means the array elements are coming one at a time. I require the space in addition to time complexity to be tight. disclaimer: THIS IS NOT HOMEWORK! I consider this as research-level question.

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• Can Goldberg algorithm in ocamlgraph be used to find Minimum Cost Flow graph?

  - by Tautrimas

  I'm looking for an implementation to the Minimum Cost Flow graph problem in OCaml. OCaml library ocamlgraph has Goldberg algorithm implementation. The paper called Efficient implementation of the Goldberg-Tarjan minimum-cost flow algorithm is noting that Goldberg-Tarjan algorithm can find minimum cost graph. Question is, does ocamlgraph algorithm also find the minimum cost? Library documentation only states, that it's suitable at least for the maximum flow problem. If not, does anybody have a good link to a nice any minimum cost optimization algorithm code? I will manually translate it into OCaml then. Forgive me, if I missed it on Wikipedia: there are too many algos on flow networks for the first day!

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• Giving a Bomberman AI intelligent bomb placement

  - by Paul Manta

  I'm trying to implement an AI algorithm for Bomberman. Currently I have a working but not very smart rudimentary implementation (the current AI is overzealous in placing bombs). This is the first AI I've ever tried implementing and I'm a bit stuck. The more sophisticated algorithms I have in mind (the ones that I expect to make better decisions) are too convoluted to be good solutions. What general tips do you have for implementing a Bomberman AI? Are there radically different approaches for making the bot either more defensive or offensive? Edit: Current algorithm My current algorithm goes something like this (pseudo-code): 1) Try to place a bomb and then find a cell that is safe from all the bombs, including the one that you just placed. To find that cell, iterate over the four directions; if you can find any safe divergent cell and reach it in time (eg. if the direction is up or down, look for a cell that is found to the left or right of this path), then it's safe to place a bomb and move in that direction. 2) If you can't find and safe divergent cells, try NOT placing a bomb and look again. This time you'll only need to look for a safe cell in only one direction (you don't have to diverge from it). 3) If you still can't find a safe cell, don't do anything. for $(direction) in (up, down, left, right): place bomb at current location if (can find and reach divergent safe cell in current $(direction)): bomb = true move = $(direction) return for $(direction) in (up, down, left, right): do not place bomb at current location if (any safe cell in the current $(direction)): bomb = false move = $(direction) return else: bomb = false move = stay_put This algorithm makes the bot very trigger-happy (it'll place bombs very frequently). It doesn't kill itself, but it does have a habit of making itself vulnerable by going into dead ends where it can be blocked and killed by the other players. Do you have any suggestions on how I might improve this algorithm? Or maybe I should try something completely different? One of the problems with this algorithm is that it tends to leave the bot with very few (frequently just one) safe cells on which it can stand. This is because the bot leaves a trail of bombs behind it, as long as it doesn't kill itself. However, leaving a trail of bombs behind leaves few places where you can hide. If one of the other players or bots decide to place a bomb somewhere near you, it often happens that you have no place to hide and you die. I need a better way to decide when to place bombs.

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• Dynamic Dijkstra

  - by Dani

  I need dynamic dijkstra algorithm that can update itself when edge's cost is changed without a full recalculation. Full recalculation is not an option. I've tryed to "brew" my own implemantion with no success. I've also tryed to find on the Internet but found nothing. A link to an article explaining the algorithm or even it's name will be good. Edit: Thanks everyone for answering. I managed to make algorithm of my own that runs in O(V+E) time, if anyone wishes to know the algorithm just say so and I will post it.

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• Apriori Algorithm

  Implementation of the Apriori Algorithm in C#

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