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  • How the reading from and writing to sockets are synchronized?

    - by Roman
    We create a socket. On one side of the socket we have a "server" and on another side there is a "client". Both, the server and client, can write to and read from the socket. It is what i understand. I do not understand the following things: If a server reads from the socket, does it see in the socket only those stuff which was written to the socket by the client? I mean if server writes something to the socket and than reads from the socket, will it (server) see in the socket the stuff it (server) wrote there? I hope not. Let's consider the following situation. A client write something to the socket and then it writes something new to the socket and then server reads from the socket. What will the server see there? Only the "new" stuff written by the client or both "new" and "old" one? If a client (or server) writes to the socket, can it see if the written information was received by other side? For example out.println("Hello, Server!") will return true it server received this message.

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  • Why sockets does not die when server dies? Why socket dies when server is alive?

    - by Roman
    I try to play with sockets a bit. For that I wrote very simple "client" and "server" applications. Client: import java.net.*; public class client { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { InetAddress localhost = InetAddress.getLocalHost(); System.out.println("before"); Socket clientSideSocket = null; try { clientSideSocket = new Socket(localhost,12345,localhost,54321); } catch (ConnectException e) { System.out.println("Connection Refused"); } System.out.println("after"); if (clientSideSocket != null) { clientSideSocket.close(); } } } Server: import java.net.*; public class server { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { ServerSocket listener = new ServerSocket(12345); while (true) { Socket serverSideSocket = listener.accept(); System.out.println("A client-request is accepted."); } } } And I found a behavior that I cannot explain: I start a server, than I start a client. Connection is successfully established (client stops running and server is running). Then I close the server and start it again in a second. After that I start a client and it writes "Connection Refused". It seems to me that the server "remember" the old connection and does not want to open the second connection twice. But I do not understand how it is possible. Because I killed the previous server and started a new one! I do not start the server immediately after the previous one was killed (I wait like 20 seconds). In this case the server "forget" the socket from the previous server and accepts the request from the client. I start the server and then I start the client. Connection is established (server writes: "A client-request is accepted"). Then I wait a minute and start the client again. And server (which was running the whole time) accept the request again! Why? The server should not accept the request from the same client-IP and client-port but it does!

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  • Is there anything bad in declaring nested class inside interface in java?

    - by Roman
    I have an interface ProductService with method findByCriteria. This method had a long list of nullable parameters, like productName, maxCost, minCost, producer and so on. I refactored this method by introducing Parameter Object. I created class SearchCriteria and now method signature looks like this: findByCriteria (SearchCriteria criteria) I thought that instances of SearchCriteria are only created by method callers and are only used inside findByCriteria method, i.e.: void processRequest() { SearchCriteria criteria = new SearchCriteria () .withMaxCost (maxCost) ....... .withProducer (producer); List<Product> products = productService.findByCriteria (criteria); .... } and List<Product> findByCriteria(SearchCriteria criteria) { return doSmthAndReturnResult(criteria.getMaxCost(), criteria.getProducer()); } So I did not want to create a separate public class for SearchCriteria and put it inside ProductServiceInterface: public interface ProductService { List<Product> findByCriteria (SearchCriteria criteria); static class SearchCriteria { ... } } Is there anything bad with this interface? Where whould you place SearchCriteria class?

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  • What are the principles of developing web-applications with action-based java frameworks?

    - by Roman
    Background I'm going to develop a new web-application with java. It's not very big or very complex and I have enough time until it'll "officially" start. I have some JSF/Facelets development background (about half a year). And I also have some expirience with JSP+JSTL. In self-educational purpose (and also in order to find the best solution) I want to prototype the new project with one of action-based frameworks. Actually, I will choose between Spring MVC and Stripes. Problem In order to get correct impression about action-based frameworks (in comparison with JSF) I want to be sure that I use them correctly (in bigger or lesser extent). So, here I list some most-frequent tasks (at least for me) and describe how I solve them with JSF. I want to know how they should be solved with action-based framework (or separately with Spring MVC and Stripes if there is any difference for concrete task). Rendering content: I can apply ready-to-use component from standard jsf libraries (core and html) or from 3rd-party libs (like RichFaces). I can combine simple components and I can easily create my own components which are based on standard components. Rendering data (primitive or reference types) in the correct format: Each component allow to specify a converter for transforming data in both ways (to render and to send to the server). Converter is, as usual, a simple class with 2 small methods. Site navigation: I specify a set of navigation-cases in faces-config.xml. Then I specify action-attribute of a link (or a button) which should match one or more of navigation cases. The best match is choosen by JSF. Implementing flow (multiform wizards for example): I'm using JSF 1.2 so I use Apache Orchestra for the flow (conversation) scope. Form processing: I have a pretty standard java-bean (backing bean in JSF terms) with some scope. I 'map' form fields on this bean properties. If everything goes well (no exceptions and validation is passed) then all these properties are set with values from the form fields. Then I can call one method (specified in button's action attribute) to execute some logic and return string which should much one of my navigation cases to go to the next screen. Forms validation: I can create custom validator (or choose from existing) and add it to almost each component. 3rd-party libraries have sets of custom ajax-validators. Standard validators work only after page is submitted. Actually, I don't like how validation in JSF works. Too much magic there. Many standard components (or maybe all of them) have predefined validation and it's impossible to disable it (Maybe not always, but I met many problems with it). Ajax support: many 3rd-party libraries (MyFaces, IceFaces, OpenFaces, AnotherPrefixFaces...) have strong ajax support and it works pretty well. Until you meet a problem. Too much magic there as well. It's very difficult to make it work if it doesn't work but you've done right as it's described in the manual. User-friendly URLs: people say that there are some libraries for that exist. And it can be done with filters as well. But I've never tried. It seems too complex for the first look. Thanks in advance for explaning how these items (or some of them) can be done with action-based framework.

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  • How can I add a .jar to my build path in Eclipse?

    - by Roman
    I try to do it the following way: Right click on the name of the project. Click on Build Path in the drop dawn menu. Click on "Configure Build Path" And then I do not know what to do. Should I select "Source", "Projects", "Libraries", "Order and Export"? In "Libraries" I have "Add JARs..." and "Add External JARs...". What should I select? (I have already a .jar file in the lib folder of my project.) ADDED: If I click on "Add JARs" in the "Libraries" tab, I see the "lib" sub-folder but if I go there I do not see my .jar file there (and I know that it is there).

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  • Use cases of [ordered], the new PowerShell 3.0 feature

    - by Roman Kuzmin
    PowerShell 3.0 CTP1 introduces a new feature [ordered] which is somewhat a shortcut for OrderedDictionary. I cannot imagine practical use cases of it. Why is this feature really useful? Can somebody provide some useful examples? Example: this is, IMHO, rather demo case than practical: $a = [ordered]@{a=1;b=2;d=3;c=4} (I do not mind if it is still useful, then I am just looking for other useful cases). I am not looking for use cases of OrderedDictionary, it is useful, indeed. But we can use it directly in v2.0 (and I do a lot). I am trying to understand why is this new feature [ordered] needed in addition. Collected use cases from answers: $hash = [ordered]@{} is shorter than $hash = New-Object System.Collections.Specialized.OrderedDictionary N.B. ordered is not a real shortcut for the type. New-Object ordered does not work. N.B. 2: But this is still a good shortcut because (I think, cannot try) it creates typical for PowerShell case insensitive dictionary. The equivalent command in v2.0 is too long, indeed: New-Object System.Collections.Specialized.OrderedDictionary]([System.StringComparer]::OrdinalIgnoreCase)

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  • Passing ViewModel for backbone.js from MVC3 Server-Side

    - by Roman
    In ASP.NET MVC there is Model, View and Controller. MODEL represents entities which are stored in database and essentially is all the data used in a application (for example, generated by EntityFramework, "DB First" approach). Not all data from model you want to show in the view (for example, hashs of passwords). So you create VIEW MODEL, each for every strongly-typed-razor-view you have in application. Like this: using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; namespace MyProject.ViewModels.SomeController.SomeAction { public class ViewModel { public ViewModel() { Entities1 = new List<ViewEntity1>(); Entities2 = new List<ViewEntity2>(); } public List<ViewEntity1> Entities1 { get; set; } public List<ViewEntity2> Entities2 { get; set; } } public class ViewEntity1 { //some properties from original DB-entity you want to show } public class ViewEntity2 { } } When you create complex client-side interfaces (I do), you use some pattern for javascript on client, MVC or MVVM (I know only these). So, with MVC on client you have another model (Backbone.Model for example), which is third model in application. It is a bit much. Why don`t we use the same ViewModel model on a client (in backbone.js or another framework)? Is there a way to transfer CS-coded model to JS-coded? Like in MVVM pattern, with knockout.js, when you can do like this: in SomeAction.cshtml: <div style="display: none;" id="view_model">@Json.Encode(Model)</div> after that in Javascript-code var ViewModel = ko.mapping.fromJSON($("#view_model").get(0).innerHTML); now you can extend your ViewModel with some actions, event handlers, etc: ko.utils.extend(ViewModel, { some_function: function () { //some code } }); So, we are not building the same view model on the client again, we are transferring existing view model from server. At least, data. But knockout.js is not suitable for me, you can`t build complex UI with it, it is just data-binding. I need something more structural, like backbone.js. The only way to build ViewModel for backbone.js I can see now is re-writing same ViewModel in JS from server with hands. Is there any ways to transfer it from server? To reuse the same viewmodel on server view and client view?

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  • Can fields of the class and arguments of the method interfere?

    - by Roman
    I have a class with a fields called "a". In the class I have a method and in the list of arguments of this method I also have "a". So, which "a" I will see inside of the method? Will it be the field or it will be the argument of the method? public class myClass { private String a; // Method which sets the value of the field "a". public void setA(String a) { a = a; } } By the way, there is a similar situation. A method has some local (for method) variables whose names coincide with the names of the fields. What will the "see" the method if I refer to such a method-local variable inside the method (the field or the local variable)?

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  • How to import a package from Eclipse?

    - by Roman
    In one of my directories I have all .java files which belong to one package ("game"). Now I want to create one .java file which does not belong to this package and which imports the "game" package. If I create a new file and write import game; then Eclipse complains that it does not know what the "game" package means. Can somebody please help me to solve this problem?

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  • Can I have two names for the same variable?

    - by Roman
    The short version of the question: I do: x = y. Then I change x, and y is unchanged. What I want is to "bind" x and y in such a way that I change y whenever I change x. The extended version (with some details): I wrote a class ("first" class) which generates objects of another class ("second" class). In more details, every object of the second class has a name as a unique identifier. I call a static method of the first class with a name of the object from the second class. The first class checks if such an object was already generated (if it is present in the static HashMap of the first class). If it is already there, it is returned. If it is not yet there, it is created, added to the HashMap and returned. And then I have the following problem. At some stage of my program, I take an object with a specific name from the HashMap of the first class. I do something with this object (for example change values of some fields). But the object in the HashMap does not see these changes! So, in fact, I do not "take" an object from the HashMap, I "create a copy" of this object and this is what I would like to avoid.

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  • Is it OK to write a constructor which does nothing?

    - by Roman
    To use methods of a class I need to instantiate a class. At the moment the class has not constructor (so I want to write it). But than I have realized that the constructor should do nothing (I do need to specify values of fields). In this context I have a question if it is OK to write constructor which does nothing. For example: public Point() { }

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  • How can I create a self-consistent .jar file with Eclipse?

    - by Roman
    I wrote my Java application in Eclipse. Now I would like to generate a .jar file which can be run on other systems from the command line. Is there a easy way to do it in Eclipse? In particular I am wondering what should I do with the jar files of external library that I use (should it be included into my .jar file?). Moreover, should I generate some manifest files?

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  • PreparedStatement and setTimestamp in oracle jdbc

    - by Roman
    Hi everyone, I am using PreparedStatement with Timestamp in where clause: PreparedStatement s=c.prepareStatement("select utctimestamp from t where utctimestamp>=? and utctimestamp<?"); s.setTimestamp(1, new Timestamp(1273017600000L)); //2010-05-05 00:00 GMT s.setTimestamp(2, new Timestamp(1273104000000L)); //2010-05-06 00:00 GMT The result I get is different, when I have different time zones on the client computer. Is this a bug in Oracle jdbc? or correct behavior? The parameter is Timestamp, and I expected that no time conversions will be done on the way. The database column type is DATE, but I also checked it with TIMESTAMP column type with the same results. Is there a way to achieve correct result? I cannot change default timezone in the the whole application to UTC. Thanks for your help

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  • How to force my method to accept objects from external software?

    - by Roman
    I have a method which needs to take a callback object as an argument and then (at the moment when it's needed) my method will call a specific method of the callback object. I wrote a class called Manager which has a method called addListener. As the argument for this method I need to use a callback object which is defined by the external software. So, I define the addListener in the following way: public void addListener(Listener listener). Of course Eclipse complains because it does not know what Listener is (because the Listener is defined by the external software). The only think that I know (should know) about the Listener is that it has a method called doSomething. So, to pleasure Eclipse I add an interface before my Manager class: interface Listener { void doSomething(); } public class CTManager { ... The problem seems to be solved but then I try to test my software. So, I create a class called test. In this class I create an instance of the Manager class and try to use addListener method of this instance. I also create a class Listener, instantiate it and give the instance to the addListener. And it's the place where the problem appears. Eclipse writes that addListener is not applicable to the given argument. I think it's because it expect something from my Listenr interface but gets something from the Listener class. How can I solve this problem?

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  • How to make cycle over cycles in Java?

    - by Roman
    I would like to make a cycle over the following elements: [1,2,11,12,21,22,111,112,121,122,....,222222] or for example [1,2,3,11,12,13,21,22,23,31,32,33,111,112,113,... 333333333] How can I make it in Java? In my particular case I use 4 digits (1,2,3,4) and the length of the last number can be from 1 to 10. I managed to do it in Python and PHP. In the first case I used list over lists. I started from [[1],[2],] then for every element of the list I added 1 and 2, so I got [[1,1],[1,2],[2,1],[2,2]] and so on: nchips = sum(chips) traj = [[]] last = [[]] while len(last[0]) < nchips: newlast = [] for tr in last: for d in [1,2,3,4]: newlast.append(tr + [d]) last = newlast traj += last When I did it in PHP I used number with base 3. But it was a tricky and non elegant solution. for ($i=-1; $i<=$n; $i+=1) { if ($i>-1) { $n5 = base_convert($i,10,5); $n5_str = strval($n5); $tr = array(); $found = 0; for ($j=0; $j<strlen($n5_str); $j+=1) { $k = $n5_str[$j]; if ($k==0) { $found = 1; break; } array_push($tr,$k); } if ($found==1) continue; } else { $tr = array(); } } Can it be done easily in Java?

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  • I have a feeling that adding fields marked with @Transient annotation to entity is very bug-prone. A

    - by Roman
    I have some philosophical feeling that adding to an entity fields which doesn't mapped to the DB is a wrong way of solving problems. But are there any concrete situations where using @Transient fields leads to implicit and hard fixing problems? For example, is it possible that adding/removing 2nd level cache will break our app when there are @Transient fields in our entities?

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  • Does importing of packages change visibility of classes?

    - by Roman
    I jsut learned that A class may be declared with the modifier public, in which case that class is visible to all classes everywhere. If a class has no modifier (the default, also known as package-private), it is visible only within its own package. This is a clear statement. But this information interfere with my understanding of importing of packages (which easily can be wrong). I thought that importing a package I make classes from the imported package visible to the importing class. So, how does it work? Are public classes visible to all classes everywhere under condition that the package containing the public class is imported? Or there is not such a condition? What about the package-private classes? They are invisible no mater if the containing package was imported or not? ADDED: It seems to me that I got 2 answers which are marked as good (up-voted) and which contradict eachother.

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  • Good simple C/C++ FTP and SFTP client library recommendation for embedded Linux

    - by Roman Nikitchenko
    Could anyone recommend FTP / SFTP client C/C++ library for Linux-based embedded system? I know about Curl library but I need something as simple as possible just to download files from FTP / SFTP servers. Is there any recommendation to look for? Yes, SFTP support is critical. Actually I can even sacrifice multi-threading because I need only one stream at a time. And I'd like it to be able to work through memory buffers but this should be not a problem. Thank you in advance.

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  • How can I add similar functionality to a number of methods in java?

    - by Roman
    I have a lot of methods for logging, like logSomeAction, logAnotherAction etc. Now I want all these methods make a small pause after printing messages (Thread.sleep). If I do it manually, I would do something like this: //before: public static void logSomeAction () { System.out.println (msg(SOME_ACTION)); } //after: public static void logSomeAction () { System.out.println (msg(SOME_ACTION)); try { Thread.sleep (2000); } catch (InterruptedException ignored) { } } I remember that Java has proxy classes and some other magic-making tools. Is there any way avoid copy-n-pasting N sleep-blocks to N logging methods?

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