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• Find out the clients of your MySQL server

  <b>Linux Admin Zone:</b> "Sometimes in large deployments, there are cases when MySQL server, setup by you long time back which has been in use by multiple teams in your organization, needs some change or update or intrupption in its service and you are in need to know how many clients are there which connects to this server."

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• Port forwarding on Fortigate 50B

  - by sindre j

  I have serious problems setting up port forwarding on a Fortigate 50B. The unit is basically running as factory default, the wan1 interface is connected to my fibre optic internet modem, and my lan is connected to the internal switch of the Fortigate. The factory default firewall policy allowing traffic from the internal interface to wan1 is kept and I'm able to access the interet as normal. Then I added a virtual ip and a firewall policy for allowing access from the internet to my local servers (ip 192.168.9.51) webserver (standard port 80). The settings I made are as follows. Edit Virtual IP Mapping Name : Server VIP External interface : wan1 Type : Static NAT Extermal IP Address/Range : 0.0.0.0 Mapped IP Address/Range : 192.168.9.51 Port Forwading : not checked Firewall policy Source interface/Zone : wan1 Source address : all Destination interface/Zone : internal Destination address : Server VIP Schedule : always Service : HTTP Action : ACCEPT no other settings checked What happens now is that I'm unable to access internet from my server, I'm not getting through to the webserver from internet either. I'm able to ping a site on the outside, but all web traffic is blocked, both ways. I've checked the documentation, but as far as I can tell I have set this up correctly. Anyone here with knowledge of Fortigate port forwading/NAT?

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• What is my miniport's service name?

  - by Ian Boyd

  i am trying to query the physical sector size of my drive using fsutil: C:\Windows\system32>fsutil fsinfo ntfsinfo c: NTFS Volume Serial Number : 0x78cc11b2cc116c1e Version : 3.1 Number Sectors : 0x000000003a382fff Total Clusters : 0x00000000074705ff Free Clusters : 0x00000000022fc29b Total Reserved : 0x00000000000007d0 Bytes Per Sector : 512 Bytes Per Physical Sector : <Not Supported> Bytes Per Cluster : 4096 Bytes Per FileRecord Segment : 1024 Clusters Per FileRecord Segment : 0 Mft Valid Data Length : 0x00000000305c0000 Mft Start Lcn : 0x00000000000c0000 Mft2 Start Lcn : 0x0000000003a382ff Mft Zone Start : 0x0000000006951940 Mft Zone End : 0x0000000006951c80 RM Identifier: 19B22CBE-570D-19DE-9C72-CD758F800DDC You can see that the Bytes Per Physical Sector value is Not Supported: Bytes Per Physical Sector : <Not Supported> In KB Article Microsoft support policy for 4K sector hard drives in Windows, Microsoft says: If fsutil.exe continues to display "Bytes Per Physical Sector : " after you apply the latest storage driver and the required hotfixes, make sure that the following registry path exists: HKLM\CurrentControlSet\Services\<miniport’s service name>\Parameters\Device\ Name: EnableQueryAccessAlignment Type: REG_DWORD Value: 1: Enable The only thing i don't know is what my Miniport's service name is. What is my miniport's service name. i know that my SATA drives are in AHCI mode, and AHCI uses the msahci driver service: Is that my miniport service? "MSAHCI"? See also Hitachi - Advanced Format Technology Brief RMPrepUSB - Advanced Format (4K sector) hard disks Microsoft support policy for 4K sector hard drives in Windows OSR Online - Advance Disk Format support in Storport Virtual Mniport diver Default cluster size for NTFS, FAT, and exFAT Wikipedia - Advanced Format

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• SBS 2008 BPA Warnings After Migration From SBS 2003

  - by Nicholas Piasecki

  We just finished a we-know-just-enough-to-be-dangerous migration from SBS 2003 to SBS 2008, and things seem to have gone relatively smoothly. After running the SBS 2008 Best Practices Analyzer on the destination server, we've got three warning messages, and I can't tell if they're important or not. First, the easy one: SMTP Port (TCP 25 Status): The Edgetransport.exe process should listen on SMTP port 25, but that port is owned by the process. I don't think that this one is a big deal--e-mail is flowing through the SMTP connector. Since there are two spaces between "the" and "process," I'm assuming that for some reason BPA just couldn't figure out the owning process name and this is just some sloppy programming when displaying the message. (Indeed, on subsequent runs of the BPA this message goes away, and other times it comes back.) Now, two more scary sounding ones: No DNS name server records: There are no DNS name server (NS) resource records in the _msdcs sub-domain in the forward lookup zone for Windows SBS 2008. and, similarly, No DNS name server records: There are no DNS name server (NS) resource records in the _msdcs zone for Windows SBS 2008. Now for these two, everything appears to be functioning correctly--but I'm assuming this is a weird state as a result of the SBS 2003 to 2008 migration. Can anyone provide any pointers on how to fix it, or whether or not it can be safely ignored? Thanks!

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• Fedora error log file

  - by user111196

  I am running a java application using this wrapper service yajsw. The problem it just stopped without any error in its logs file. So I was wondering will there be any system log file which will indicate the cause of it going down? Partial of the log file. Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: imklog 3.22.1, log source = /proc/kmsg started. Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost rsyslogd: [origin software="rsyslogd" swVersion="3.22.1" x-pid="2234" x-info="http://www.rsyslog.com"] (re)start Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Initializing cgroup subsys cpuset Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Initializing cgroup subsys cpu Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Linux version 2.6.27.41-170.2.117.fc10.x86_64 ([email protected]) (gcc version 4.3.2 20081105 (Red Hat 4.3.2-7) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Thu Dec 10 10:36:29 EST 2009 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Command line: ro root=UUID=722ebf87-437f-4634-9c68-a82d157fa948 rhgb quiet Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: KERNEL supported cpus: Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Intel GenuineIntel Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: AMD AuthenticAMD Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Centaur CentaurHauls Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: BIOS-provided physical RAM map: Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: BIOS-e820: 0000000000000000 - 00000000000a0000 (usable) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: BIOS-e820: 0000000000100000 - 00000000cfb50000 (usable) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: BIOS-e820: 00000000cfb50000 - 00000000cfb66000 (reserved) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: BIOS-e820: 00000000cfb66000 - 00000000cfb85c00 (ACPI data) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: BIOS-e820: 00000000cfb85c00 - 00000000d0000000 (reserved) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: BIOS-e820: 00000000e0000000 - 00000000f0000000 (reserved) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: BIOS-e820: 00000000fe000000 - 0000000100000000 (reserved) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: BIOS-e820: 0000000100000000 - 0000000330000000 (usable) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: DMI 2.5 present. Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: last_pfn = 0x330000 max_arch_pfn = 0x3ffffffff Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: x86 PAT enabled: cpu 0, old 0x7040600070406, new 0x7010600070106 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: last_pfn = 0xcfb50 max_arch_pfn = 0x3ffffffff Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: init_memory_mapping Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: last_map_addr: cfb50000 end: cfb50000 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: init_memory_mapping Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: last_map_addr: 330000000 end: 330000000 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: RAMDISK: 37bfc000 - 37fef6c8 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: RSDP 000F21B0, 0024 (r2 DELL ) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: XSDT 000F224C, 0084 (r1 DELL PE_SC3 1 DELL 1) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: FACP CFB83524, 00F4 (r3 DELL PE_SC3 1 DELL 1) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: DSDT CFB66000, 4974 (r1 DELL PE_SC3 1 INTL 20050624) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: FACS CFB85C00, 0040 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: APIC CFB83078, 00B6 (r1 DELL PE_SC3 1 DELL 1) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: SPCR CFB83130, 0050 (r1 DELL PE_SC3 1 DELL 1) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: HPET CFB83184, 0038 (r1 DELL PE_SC3 1 DELL 1) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: MCFG CFB831C0, 003C (r1 DELL PE_SC3 1 DELL 1) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: WD__ CFB83200, 0134 (r1 DELL PE_SC3 1 DELL 1) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: SLIC CFB83338, 0176 (r1 DELL PE_SC3 1 DELL 1) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: ERST CFB6AAF4, 0210 (r1 DELL PE_SC3 1 DELL 1) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: HEST CFB6AD04, 027C (r1 DELL PE_SC3 1 DELL 1) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: BERT CFB6A974, 0030 (r1 DELL PE_SC3 1 DELL 1) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: EINJ CFB6A9A4, 0150 (r1 DELL PE_SC3 1 DELL 1) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: TCPA CFB834BC, 0064 (r1 DELL PE_SC3 1 DELL 1) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: No NUMA configuration found Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Faking a node at 0000000000000000-0000000330000000 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Bootmem setup node 0 0000000000000000-0000000330000000 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: NODE_DATA [0000000000015000 - 0000000000029fff] Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: bootmap [000000000002a000 - 000000000008ffff] pages 66 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: (7 early reservations) ==> bootmem [0000000000 - 0330000000] Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: #0 [0000000000 - 0000001000] BIOS data page ==> [0000000000 - 0000001000] Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: #1 [0000006000 - 0000008000] TRAMPOLINE ==> [0000006000 - 0000008000] Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: #2 [0000200000 - 0000a310cc] TEXT DATA BSS ==> [0000200000 - 0000a310cc] Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: #3 [0037bfc000 - 0037fef6c8] RAMDISK ==> [0037bfc000 - 0037fef6c8] Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: #4 [000009f000 - 0000100000] BIOS reserved ==> [000009f000 - 0000100000] Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: #5 [0000008000 - 000000c000] PGTABLE ==> [0000008000 - 000000c000] Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: #6 [000000c000 - 0000015000] PGTABLE ==> [000000c000 - 0000015000] Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: found SMP MP-table at [ffff8800000fe710] 000fe710 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Zone PFN ranges: Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: DMA 0x00000000 -> 0x00001000 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: DMA32 0x00001000 -> 0x00100000 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Normal 0x00100000 -> 0x00330000 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Movable zone start PFN for each node Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: early_node_map[3] active PFN ranges Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: 0: 0x00000000 -> 0x000000a0 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: 0: 0x00000100 -> 0x000cfb50 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: 0: 0x00100000 -> 0x00330000 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: PM-Timer IO Port: 0x808 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: LAPIC (acpi_id[0x01] lapic_id[0x00] enabled) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: LAPIC (acpi_id[0x02] lapic_id[0x04] enabled) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: LAPIC (acpi_id[0x03] lapic_id[0x02] enabled) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: LAPIC (acpi_id[0x04] lapic_id[0x06] enabled) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: LAPIC (acpi_id[0x05] lapic_id[0x01] enabled) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: LAPIC (acpi_id[0x06] lapic_id[0x05] enabled) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: LAPIC (acpi_id[0x07] lapic_id[0x03] enabled) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: LAPIC (acpi_id[0x08] lapic_id[0x07] enabled) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: LAPIC_NMI (acpi_id[0xff] high edge lint[0x1]) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: IOAPIC (id[0x08] address[0xfec00000] gsi_base[0]) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: IOAPIC[0]: apic_id 8, version 0, address 0xfec00000, GSI 0-23 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: IOAPIC (id[0x09] address[0xfec81000] gsi_base[64]) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: IOAPIC[1]: apic_id 9, version 0, address 0xfec81000, GSI 64-87 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: IOAPIC (id[0x0a] address[0xfec84000] gsi_base[160]) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: IOAPIC[2]: apic_id 10, version 0, address 0xfec84000, GSI 160-183 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: IOAPIC (id[0x0b] address[0xfec84800] gsi_base[224]) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: IOAPIC[3]: apic_id 11, version 0, address 0xfec84800, GSI 224-247 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 0 global_irq 2 dfl dfl) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: INT_SRC_OVR (bus 0 bus_irq 9 global_irq 9 high level) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Setting APIC routing to flat Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: HPET id: 0x8086a201 base: 0xfed00000 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Using ACPI (MADT) for SMP configuration information Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: SMP: Allowing 8 CPUs, 0 hotplug CPUs Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000000a0000 - 0000000000100000 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000cfb50000 - 00000000cfb66000 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000cfb66000 - 00000000cfb85000 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000cfb85000 - 00000000cfb86000 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000cfb86000 - 00000000d0000000 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000d0000000 - 00000000e0000000 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000e0000000 - 00000000f0000000 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000f0000000 - 00000000fe000000 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000fe000000 - 0000000100000000 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Allocating PCI resources starting at d1000000 (gap: d0000000:10000000) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: PERCPU: Allocating 65184 bytes of per cpu data Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 3096524 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Policy zone: Normal Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Kernel command line: ro root=UUID=722ebf87-437f-4634-9c68-a82d157fa948 rhgb quiet Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Initializing CPU#0 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 12, 32768 bytes) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Extended CMOS year: 2000 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: TSC: PIT calibration confirmed by PMTIMER. Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: TSC: using PMTIMER calibration value Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Detected 1994.992 MHz processor. Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Console: colour VGA+ 80x25 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: console [tty0] enabled Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Checking aperture... Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: No AGP bridge found Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: PCI-DMA: Using software bounce buffering for IO (SWIOTLB) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Placing software IO TLB between 0x20000000 - 0x24000000 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Memory: 12324244k/13369344k available (3311k kernel code, 253484k reserved, 1844k data, 1296k init) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: SLUB: Genslabs=13, HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=8, Nodes=1 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 3989.98 BogoMIPS (lpj=1994992) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Security Framework initialized Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: SELinux: Initializing. Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Dentry cache hash table entries: 2097152 (order: 12, 16777216 bytes) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Inode-cache hash table entries: 1048576 (order: 11, 8388608 bytes) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Mount-cache hash table entries: 256 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Initializing cgroup subsys ns Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Initializing cgroup subsys cpuacct Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Initializing cgroup subsys devices Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: CPU: L1 I cache: 32K, L1 D cache: 32K Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: CPU: L2 cache: 4096K Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: CPU 0/0 -> Node 0 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: CPU: Physical Processor ID: 0 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: CPU: Processor Core ID: 0 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: CPU0: Thermal monitoring enabled (TM1) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: using mwait in idle threads. Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ACPI: Core revision 20080609 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: ..TIMER: vector=0x30 apic1=0 pin1=2 apic2=-1 pin2=-1 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: CPU0: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5335 @ 2.00GHz stepping 07 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Using local APIC timer interrupts. Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Detected 20.781 MHz APIC timer. Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Booting processor 1/4 ip 6000 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Initializing CPU#1 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Calibrating delay using timer specific routine.. 3990.05 BogoMIPS (lpj=1995026) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: CPU: L1 I cache: 32K, L1 D cache: 32K Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: CPU: L2 cache: 4096K Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: CPU 1/4 -> Node 0 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: CPU: Physical Processor ID: 1 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: CPU: Processor Core ID: 0 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: CPU1: Thermal monitoring enabled (TM2) Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: x86 PAT enabled: cpu 1, old 0x7040600070406, new 0x7010600070106 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: CPU1: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5335 @ 2.00GHz stepping 07 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: checking TSC synchronization [CPU#0 -> CPU#1]: passed. Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Booting processor 2/2 ip 6000 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Initializing CPU#2 Apr 6 00:12:20 localhost kernel: Calibrating delay using timer specific routine.. 3990.05 BogoMIPS (lpj=1995029)

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• best practice to removing DC from Site that no longer connects via vpn in another city

  - by dasko

  hi i am looking for a recap of what i have done already to see if i missed anything. i had two cities connected by wan using a ipsec persistent tunnel between gateways. i had one DC (DOMAIN CONTROLLER) in each city that was a global catalog server (GC) they were set up to replicate and i had them configured under Sites and Servers with their own subnet etc... about 6 months ago the one city was removed and i was not able to gracefully remove, through dcpromo, the server that was there. it is no longer used and cannot be brought back. the company went from two sites down to single site. Problem is i had a whole bunch of kcc errors and replication bugs in the event viewer. i wanted to clean up my active directory and decided to use the ntdsutil metadata cleanup commands. i removed the server from the specifed site based on a procedure from petri website. I then removed the instances of the old DC and site from Sites and Servers. Then i went and cleaned up the DNS by removing Host A records, NS server name from both the local DNS forward lookup zone and the _msdcs i also removed the reverse lookup zone for the subnet that no longer exists. is there anything i missed? thanks in advance for any help. gd

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• Sonicwall routing between multiple subnets on multiple interfaces

  - by Rain

  As shown by the network diagram below, I have two completely separate networks. One is being managed by a Sonicwall NSA 220, the other by some other router (the brand is not important). My goal is to allow devices within the 192.168.2.0/24 network to access devices in the 192.168.3.0/24 network. Allowing the reverse (192.168.3.0/24 - 192.168.2.0/24) is not required. So far, I have done the following: I connected the X3 Interface on the Sonicwall to the 192.168.3.0/24 network switch (shown as the dashed red line in the diagram). Next, I gave it a static ip address of 192.168.3.254 and set the Zone to LAN (the same Zone for the X0 interface). Judging by various articles and KBs I've read, this is all that should be necessary, although it does not work. I can ping 192.168.3.254 from any device in the 192.168.2.0/24 network although I cannot ping/connect to any device within the 192.168.3.0/24 network. Any help would be greatly appreciated! Network Diagram: (I asked a similar, yet more complicated, question earlier; although, I realized that I cannot solve that without first solving this (which may actually solve my original question))

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• Why do AWS spot-instance prices spike above the "on demand" pricing?

  - by Laykes

  Amazon Pricing on Spot Instance Inconsistencies This is something which will be best explained through screenshots of a historical chart of instance pricings. If you look at a lot of the instance prices for spot instances, you will notice regular patterns of spikes. See here: As you can see, the price for this compute medium instance, regularly spikes above the on demand price. A c1.medium instance (on demand), would only cost $0.186 per hour. But for a period of a few weeks, in zone B, the price would regularly spike to $1.20. This is some 6 times the actual on demand price. It's also not isolated. If you look at zone-b again for small instances, there is a similar, spike frequently. Which goes 4x the on demand pricing. Does anyone know why this happens? Here are a few suggestions Someone entered $1.2 instead of $0.12 (I would discount this since it happened 20 times over the space of 3 weeks). Amazon regularly artifically inflate their prices by bidding on their own instances to get the most bang for their buck. (I would discount this since it would be ridiculous and bad business) Some company launched 1000 servers at once, and wants to make sure that they all launch. (I would discount this since they would presumably launch them at a price which would be below the minimum on demand price. Why would you pay above on demand for a single server?). It's a bug in their reporting?

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• Should I use /etc/bind/zones/ or /var/cache/bind/?

  - by nbolton

  Each tutorial seems to have a different opinion on this. For my ISC BIND zones, should I use /etc/bind/zones/ or /var/cache/bind/? In the last install, I used /var/cache/bind/ but only because I was guided to do so; however I just spotted a pid file in there for this new Debian install, so I figured that using the "working directory" to store zone files probably wasn't the best idea. It seems that many admins use this so they don't have to type the full path when declaring a new zone. For example: file "/etc/bind/zones/db.foobar.com"; Instead of: file "db.foobar.com"; Is obviously easier to type, but is it good or bad practice? Some may also suggest setting the working directory to /etc/bind/zones: options { // directory "/var/cache/bind"; directory "/etc/bind/zones"; } ... but something tells me this isn't good practice, since the pid file would be created there I assume (unless it's just in /var/cache/bind by coincidence). I took a look at the manpage but it didn't seem to say what the directory option was for, any ideas exactly what it was design for?

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• Trying to configure DNS on a Godaddy Virtual Dedicated host, Mediatemple Domain Registration [closed]

  - by dclowd9901

  A client of mine purchased VD hosting with Godaddy and a domain name with Mediatemple. I've never configured DNS from scratch, and I'm finding it very difficult to find any sort of explanation on how to go about it. As of right now, Mediatemple is pointing to the Godaddy's ns1.domaincontrol.com and ns2.domaincontrol.com nameservers. The VD hosting on Godaddy (via their Simple Control Panel) has options to "Add a new domain", which brings you through a wizard of sorts that asks you if the domain has already been registered (yes), what it is (dclowd9901.com for this example), create a system username and password for it (with checkboxes for SSH and FTP access), which level of user can administer it, and whether a mail account should be setup. When complete, it also creates a zone file. In this zone file, the Primary nameserver is ns1.dclowd9901.com; the records are as follow (where 12.23.12.34 is the presumed host): @ A 12.23.12.34 @ NS ns1 @ NS ns2 ns1 A 12.23.12.34 ns2 A 12.23.12.34 @ MX mail www A 12.23.12.34 ftp A 12.23.12.34 ssh A 12.23.12.34 mail A 12.23.12.34 If anyone can shed any light on this for me, explain to me the interactions between the registrar and the host and so on, I'd be very grateful. Thanks in advance for the help.

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• DNS configuration issues. Clients inside network unable to resolve DNS server's name

  - by hydroparadise

  Setup the DNS service on Ubuntu 12.04 64 and all apears to be well except that my dhcp clients do not recognize my DNS servers hostname. When doing a nslookup on one of my Windows clients, I get C:\Users\chad>nslookup Default Server: UnKnown Address: 192.168.1.2 Where I would expect the FQDN in the spot where UnKnown is seen. The DNS server know's itself pretty well, but I think only because I have an entry in the /etc/hosts file to resolve. There's so many places to look I don't even know where to begin. Are there any logs I can look at? Something. Places I've looked at and configured: /etc/bind/zones/domain.com.db /etc/bind/zones/rev.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa /etc/bind/named.conf.local EDIT: '/etc/bind/zones/rev.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa' @ IN SOA dns-serv1.mydomain.com [email protected]. ( 2006081401; 28800; 604800; 604800; 86400 ) IN NS dns-serv1.mydomain.com. 2 IN PTR dns-serv1 2 IN PTR mydomain.com EDIT 2: '/etc/bind/named.conf.local' zone "mydomain.com" { type master; file "/etc/bind/zones/mydomain.com.db"; }; zone "1.168.192.in-addr.arpa" { type master; file "/etc/bind/zones/rev.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa"; };

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• Connecting to RDS database from EC2 instance using bind9 CNAME alias

  - by mptre

  I'm trying to get internal DNS up and running on a EC2 instance. The main goal is to be able to define CNAME aliases for other AWS services. For example: Instead of using the RDS endpoint, which might change over time, an alias mysql.company.int can be used instead. I'm using bind9 and here's my config files: /etc/bind/named.conf.local zone "company.int" { type master; file "/etc/bind/db.company.int"; }; /etc/bind/db.company.int ; $TTL 3600 @ IN SOA company.int. company.localhost. ( 20120617 ; Serial 604800 ; Refresh 86400 ; Retry 2419200 ; Expire 604800 ) ; Negative Cache TTL ; @ IN NS company.int. @ IN A 127.0.0.1 @ IN AAAA ::1 ; CNAME mysql IN CNAME xxxx.eu-west-1.rds.amazonaws.com. The dig command ensures me my alias is working as excepted: $ dig mysql.company.int ... ;; ANSWER SECTION: mysql.company.int. 3600 IN CNAME xxxx.eu-west-1.rds.amazonaws.com. xxxx.eu-west-1.rds.amazonaws.com. 60 IN CNAME ec2-yyy-yy-yy-yyy.eu-west-1.compute.amazonaws.com. ec2-yyy-yy-yy-yyy.eu-west-1.compute.amazonaws.com. 589575 IN A zzz.zz.zz.zzz ... As far as I can understand a reverse zone isn't needed for a simple CNAME alias. However when I try to connect to MySQL using my newly created alias the operation is giving me a timeout. $ mysql -uuser -ppassword -hmysql.company.int ERROR 2003 (HY000): Can't connect to MySQL server on 'mysql.company.int' (110) Any ideas? Thanks in advantage!

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• Dynamically updating DNS records with NSUPDATE fails

  - by Thuy

  I've got my own nameserver ns3.epnddns.com and domain epnddns.com I wanted to try and update the records dynamiclly from home using nsupdate but when I run nsupdate -k Kwww.epnddns.com.+157+17183.key i get the following errors Kwww.epnddns.com.+157+17183.key:1: unknown option 'www.epnddns.com.' Kwww.epnddns.com.+157+17183.key:2: unexpected token near end of the file Kwww.epnddns.com.+157+17183.{private,key}: unexpected token Not sure why I get these errors, I'll post my complete setup. Generated keys on my home pc, using dnssec-keygen -a HMAC-MD5 -b 128 -n HOST www.epnddns.com. created /var/named/ and put the keys there and chmod them to 600. transfered the keys to my nameserver ns3.epnddns.com, created /var/named/ ,put the keys there and chmod them to 600 made dnskey.conf in /var/named and added key www.epnddns.com. { algorithm hmac-md5; secret "my secret from they keys=="; }; chmod to 600 then in /etc/bind/named.conf.local include "/var/named/dnskeys.conf"; zone "epnddns.com" { type master; file "/etc/bind/zones/epnddns.com.zone"; allow-transfer { myhomeip; }; //its my home ip so not in the same network allow-update { key www.epnddns.com.; }; }; I restarted bind without any error messages so it seems to be working on the nameserver at least. But on my homepc when i try and run the nsupdate i get those error messages. Thanks in advance for any help or insightful advice.

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• Adding 2008 Server to 2008 Domain

  - by Phillip

  Hello, I'm trying to create a lab for testing before I deploy solutions, I'm no experienced IT Administrator, and therefore I come here for help. I'm running 2 Virtual Servers on the same machine on a local connection between those two. They'are able to ping each other. Their names is TSDATA1 and TSDATA2 where TSDATA1 is the Domain Controller. I am able to ping between those two, on both "ping TSDATA1" and "ping 10.0.0.1" which is the IP address of TSDATA1. The IP address of TSDATA2 is 10.0.0.2. I'm trying to join the domain with TSDATA2 both I'm getting this error when trying: Note: This information is intended for a network administrator. If you are not your network's administrator, notify the administrator that you received this information, which has been recorded in the file C:\Windows\debug\dcdiag.txt. The following error occurred when DNS was queried for the service location (SRV) resource record used to locate an Active Directory Domain Controller for domain tsdata.local: The error was: "DNS name does not exist." (error code 0x0000232B RCODE_NAME_ERROR) The query was for the SRV record for _ldap._tcp.dc._msdcs.tsdata.local Common causes of this error include the following: The DNS SRV records required to locate a AD DC for the domain are not registered in DNS. These records are registered with a DNS server automatically when a AD DC is added to a domain. They are updated by the AD DC at set intervals. This computer is configured to use DNS servers with the following IP addresses: 10.0.0.1 One or more of the following zones do not include delegation to its child zone: tsdata.local local . (the root zone) For information about correcting this problem, click Help. I've figured out it has something to do with DNS lookup, but I have no clue what to do. Can anyone help?

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• How to configure DNS server to forward queries about particular domain AND all of its subdomains

  - by user71061

  I have DNS server (linux box with bind9), which is authorative for some domains, and forward all other queries to external DNS server of my ISP provider. So far no problem. Now I want that queries about some specific domains were forwarded to my internal DNS server, f.e.: zone "some_domain" { type forward; forwarders { some_internal_dns_ip; }; }; So far still no problem, all works ok. But then, I want also to forward some reverse DNS queries to my internal DNS. So, I have added: zone "16.172.in-addr.arpa" { type forward; forwarders { some_internal_dns_ip; }; }; And this doesn't work as I expect. Queries about "16.172.in-addr.arpa" (for example 1.16.172.in-addr.arpa) are resolved correctly, but reverse queries about full address (for example 1.1.16.172.in-addr.arpa) are not. I understand that my server should use here some recursive query, but could not configure it. I have already tried adding following options recursion yes; allow-recursion { 127.0.0.1; }; allow-recursion-on { 127.0.0.1; }; but with no success . (I have used loopback address here, because I need this functionality only for my DNS host, and not for its clients) Any suggestions?

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• Advance DNS - Redirecting Emails to new webhost

  - by Martin

  I am not to sure if this question belongs here but I will surely find out soon enough. I have two web hosts (Not sure why it has been setup this way but it has). I do not want to use the original web host to handle the emails as the Data that we get from them is 500 mb which is already full with hosting the website. The second web host has an unlimited data plan and was created so we could use this host for the email accounts. Now the problem is I have reset the Advance DNS Zone records on both accounts and I am not sure what they were before. (Silly me should have taken a backup of how it was setup before hand I know) Emails were working before and going to the second hosts server now they are going to the first host but it has no email addresses setup for use so all emails are bouncing saying that the address does not exist. Host 1 IP: 192.185.96.110 Host 2 IP: 27.54.88.66 So far I have changed the Advanced DNS Zone record on Host 1 with the following: A Record: mail.australisinstitute.qld.edu.au - 27.54.88.66 I have not made any changes on Host 2 and both hosts have the default MX Records. If I need to provide any more information I can but I just hope someone can decipher what I have said haha. Cheers in advance!

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• Setting up DNS using VirtualMin/WebMin

  - by Nyxynyx

  I am moving from a cPanel server to one where I've installed VirtualMin. The LAMP stack and the website files have been setup properly and I can access the website by its IP address. Problem: Now its time to point my domain mydomain.com to my new server. After reading many sites describing setting up bind and master zones, I am pretty confused as to what to do, especially coming from a cPanel server where its really simple to set this up. Attempt Tried to register my nameservers ns1.mydomain.com and ns2.mydomain.com at my domain registrar, but I am missing the IPs I need to point these nameservers to. Should I set ns1.mydomain.com to the IP addres of my web server, and not register ns2.mydomain.com? When specifying the DNS for mydomain.com, the first one I've set it to ns1.apadment.com. On the manager/admin page of my webhost provider, I am given the option to create a secondary slave DNS, which I assigned to the IP address of my server. Though I am not sure how the slave DNS will copy the info from my web server? I have assigned this secondary DNS ns.hostprovider.com as the second DNS for mydomain.com I tried creating a Virtual Server under Virtualmin, but it seems to mess up Apache's DocumentRoot for the site by creating and enabling a new vhost file that ends with .conf. I edited the .conf file to point DocumentRoot back to where its supposed to be /var/www/mydomain instead of /user/mydomain.com I believe the next step is to setup the zone. Virtualmin has already created a Master Zone with 8 different addresses (www.mydomain.com, ftp.mydomain.com...). Under Nameservers, there are already 2 records. One is the hostname (random name given by hostprovider, ns12345.ip123-123.net), the other is the secondary slave DNS provided by the host provider. Does having BIND running on my web server makes the server the master DNS? Thank you!

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• High latency issue for web service call from amazon aws ec2 to local server

  - by SibzTer

  We have a legacy web application that is running in our data center on premises located in Houston. We have a developed a new .net 4 based web application in order to provide new features to customers. The new web application is hosted in amazon aws ec2 environment (N. Virginia region us-east-1b zone). In order to get seamlessly integrate with the legacy application the new web application makes web service calls to retrieve data. We are seeing an unusually high latency time in the order of 5+ seconds for these web service calls. The exact same web service call returns in less than a second on our local PCs (which makes sense given physical proximity to the actual server). The weird part is that we have developers in California who also have the same milliseconds response time. We are testing the web service response using third party tools such as SoapUI, Google Chrome extensions such as Advanced REST Client, Postman REST Client, etc. As if this wasnt weird enough, we have noticed the same low latency from certain other ec2 instances while testing which are in the same region and availability zone as well. If we experienced the high latency consistently from all the ec2 instances I could understand. But there is something else going on. Comparing the various stats and results between the low latency and high latency ec2 servers do not show any significant differences: ping (constant 40ms), tracert, winmtr, etc. We have instances that are in the VPC as well. So I tried both the public and private IP address of the web service host server and that didnt make a difference either for the above results. We need to resolve this latency issue as this is causing the resulting web pages to load very slowly (almost 15+ seconds which is simply unacceptable). The ec2 instances have Windows Server Datacenter 64 bit. Let me know if there is any other infor I can provide to help diagnose this.

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• postgresql deleteing old tables

  - by BB

  I have a postgresql database which stores my radius connection information. What I want to do is only store a months worth of logs. How would I craft a sql statement that I can run from cron that would go and delete and rows that where older then a month? Format of the date in the table. that date is taken from acctstoptime collum Date format 2010-01-27 16:02:17-05 Format of the table in question. -- Table: radacct -- DROP TABLE radacct; CREATE TABLE radacct ( radacctid bigserial NOT NULL, acctsessionid character varying(32) NOT NULL, acctuniqueid character varying(32) NOT NULL, username character varying(253), groupname character varying(253), realm character varying(64), nasipaddress inet NOT NULL, nasportid character varying(15), nasporttype character varying(32), acctstarttime timestamp with time zone, acctstoptime timestamp with time zone, acctsessiontime bigint, acctauthentic character varying(32), connectinfo_start character varying(50), connectinfo_stop character varying(50), acctinputoctets bigint, acctoutputoctets bigint, calledstationid character varying(50), callingstationid character varying(50), acctterminatecause character varying(32), servicetype character varying(32), xascendsessionsvrkey character varying(10), framedprotocol character varying(32), framedipaddress inet, acctstartdelay integer, acctstopdelay integer, freesidestatus character varying(32), CONSTRAINT radacct_pkey PRIMARY KEY (radacctid) ) WITH (OIDS=FALSE); ALTER TABLE radacct OWNER TO radius; -- Index: freesidestatus -- DROP INDEX freesidestatus; CREATE INDEX freesidestatus ON radacct USING btree (freesidestatus); -- Index: radacct_active_user_idx -- DROP INDEX radacct_active_user_idx; CREATE INDEX radacct_active_user_idx ON radacct USING btree (username, nasipaddress, acctsessionid) WHERE acctstoptime IS NULL; -- Index: radacct_start_user_idx -- DROP INDEX radacct_start_user_idx; CREATE INDEX radacct_start_user_idx ON radacct USING btree (acctstarttime, username);

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• When pointing to new DNS servers is there any chance of E-mails being lost if the old E-mail hosting service is still up?

  - by LaserBeak

  I am changing webhosts and will be using the new hosts mail servers instead of the old ones. I have created all the correctly named mailboxes on the new service but have also not yet cut ties with the old webhost. I am expecting that even if the new DNS values which point to the new hosts DNS servers and respective SOA\zone file with the new MX values have not yet propagated and an E-mail is directed at the old hosts mail servers as per the mx records in the SOA\zone records which the old hosting provider holds, the E-mail would still come through to the mailbox that's on the old host providers mail servers. So I am just trying to reaffirm if I got this right and it's essentially impossible for me to loose an E-mail since it will hit either the old hosts mail servers or the new ones ? Also is it possible to configure the same E-mail account to check and collect mail from different mail servers by entering multiple pop3 addresses ? And if I choose to keep the old web hosts mail hosting services as a backup by specifying the mx records for it with a lower priority in the SOA records hosted by the new webhost, is it possible to have any incoming E-mails sent to both servers by the mail daemon so I have two copies? Or is my only option having the primary mail server forward the E-mail somehow to the old mailserver ?

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• Widespread misinterpretation of DNS rules in resolving wildcards

  - by Dominic Sayers

  [EDITED to add: This problem has gone away on its own. I believe Cloudflare's name resolution may have been to blame. See my own answer below] Here is a snippet of my zone file *.example.com. 300 IN CNAME proxy.herokuapp.com. foo.example.com. 300 IN A 111.111.111.111 If I dig @8.8.8.8 foo.example.com I get the answer I expect: ;; ANSWER SECTION: foo.example.com. 30 IN A 111.111.111.111 The same is true of all other public DNS servers I've tried. However, when I try to set up a check with Pingdom to a URL on foo.example.com it instead sends the traffic to my Heroku app referenced by the *.example.com RR. The same is true of checks set up on New Relic, Errplane and traffic generated by the Heroku app itself. So on the one side, all public DNS servers interpret the zone file one way. Yet four service providers all interpret it a different way, one that differs to the standard suggested by RFC 4592. My question is: are these reputable, mature service providers all wrong? Or is it little me?

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• postgresql deleteing old records from log tables

  - by Max

  I have a postgresql database which stores my radius connection information. What I want to do is only store a months worth of logs. How would I craft a sql statement that I can run from cron that would go and delete and rows that where older then a month? Format of the date in the table. that date is taken from acctstoptime collum Date format 2010-01-27 16:02:17-05 Format of the table in question. -- Table: radacct CREATE TABLE radacct ( radacctid bigserial NOT NULL, acctsessionid character varying(32) NOT NULL, acctuniqueid character varying(32) NOT NULL, username character varying(253), groupname character varying(253), realm character varying(64), nasipaddress inet NOT NULL, nasportid character varying(15), nasporttype character varying(32), acctstarttime timestamp with time zone, acctstoptime timestamp with time zone, acctsessiontime bigint, acctauthentic character varying(32), connectinfo_start character varying(50), connectinfo_stop character varying(50), acctinputoctets bigint, acctoutputoctets bigint, calledstationid character varying(50), callingstationid character varying(50), acctterminatecause character varying(32), servicetype character varying(32), xascendsessionsvrkey character varying(10), framedprotocol character varying(32), framedipaddress inet, acctstartdelay integer, acctstopdelay integer, freesidestatus character varying(32), CONSTRAINT radacct_pkey PRIMARY KEY (radacctid) ) WITH (OIDS=FALSE); ALTER TABLE radacct OWNER TO radius; -- Index: freesidestatus CREATE INDEX freesidestatus ON radacct USING btree (freesidestatus); -- Index: radacct_active_user_idx CREATE INDEX radacct_active_user_idx ON radacct USING btree (username, nasipaddress, acctsessionid) WHERE acctstoptime IS NULL; -- Index: radacct_start_user_idx CREATE INDEX radacct_start_user_idx ON radacct USING btree (acctstarttime, username);

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• How can I set up a local nameserver and modify DNS zones on it?

  - by Joe Hopfgartner

  This is a follow up to this question. I am having an issue with a Router that doesn't support hairpinning properly. See the link above for details. Now I want to set up a local DNS server that Hosts in our LAN can use to resolve public Hostnames (usual webbrowsing... ). Additionally I want to modify certain zones. In our LAN we have some servers serving resources that are not available in our public dns zone. We always have to configure our local LMHost files accordingly. For example we have a staging installation with a new feature running on a local Webserver, and we cannot access it with the IP directly because the website runs in a named virtual host container, we have to configure LMHost file to point some domain to the local IP address. And now we have also the Hair pinning issue. So my question is: What software can I use? Will bind do the job? I just need to insert some A entries into the zone. As easy as possible. We have local Linux/Ubuntu servers.

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• DNS Problems with .pt configuration

  - by Tony S.

  Hello everyone! I have a hosting service with aplus.net, however I had a need to register a .pt domain, but aplus doesnt have this service, so I contacted a .pt registar, called hostingbug.net, to do this. So now I'm owner of a .pt domain, lets say, example.pt. I gave hostingbug the aplus nameservers needed for propagation. And here began the problems. When hostingbug tried to configure, the following error was displayed: <<>> DiG 9.3.6-P1-RedHat-9.3.6-4.P1.el5_4.2 <<>> @64.29.151.221 click.pt. NS +norecurse (1 server found) global options: printcmd connection timed out no servers could be reached And they told me that aplus.net needed to create a new dns zone for .pt domains. So I contacted aplus.net, and they didnt understand this issue, and told me that everything was fine with their servers, and sent me back to hostingbug. So I'm felling like a ping pong ball right now... How can I configure this "new dns zone" for .pt domains? Anyone have clue of how to do this so I can tell them? Or should I cancel aplus services? Thanks in advance

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• Nginx and Gunicorn hanging on GET requests

  - by whatWhat

  I'm using Nginx + Gunicorn which is serving my Django project. All GET requests hang for ~1 min. The content seems to be available immediately as I can see it in the Browser inspector but the browser itself looks like it's still waiting for more data. Heres my Ngnix config #allow for up to 3 connections per second. limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=one:10m rate=3r/s; server { listen 80; server_name example.com; root /var/www/example.com/example/; # serve directly - analogous for static/staticfiles location /media/ { # this changes depending on your python version root /home/example/; } location /static/ { # if asset versioning is used if ($query_string) { expires max; } root /var/www/example.com; } location / { #Allow for a burst of 50. limit_req zone=one burst=50 nodelay; proxy_pass_header Server; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_redirect off; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Scheme $scheme; proxy_connect_timeout 10; proxy_read_timeout 10; proxy_pass http://localhost:8001/; } # what to serve if upstream is not available or crashes error_page 500 502 503 504 /media/50x.html; } My Gunicorn Config: bind = "127.0.0.1:8001" workers = 3 worker_class = "gevent" Is there anything obvious that would be causing the requests to stay open for so long?

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