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• Slowing process creation under Java?

  - by oconnor0

  I have a single, large heap (up to 240GB, though in the 20-40GB range for most of this phase of execution) JVM [1] running under Linux [2] on a server with 24 cores. We have tens of thousands of objects that have to be processed by an external executable & then load the data created by those executables back into the JVM. Each executable produces about half a megabyte of data (on disk) that when read right in, after the process finishes, is, of course, larger. Our first implementation was to have each executable handle only a single object. This involved the spawning of twice as many executables as we had objects (since we called a shell script that called the executable). Our CPU utilization would start off high, but not necessarily 100%, and slowly worsen. As we began measuring to see what was happening we noticed that the process creation time [3] continually slows. While starting at sub-second times it would eventually grow to take a minute or more. The actual processing done by the executable usually takes less than 10 seconds. Next we changed the executable to take a list of objects to process in an attempt to reduce the number of processes created. With batch sizes of a few hundred (~1% of our current sample size), the process creation times start out around 2 seconds & grow to around 5-6 seconds. Basically, why is it taking so long to create these processes as execution continues? [1] Oracle JDK 1.6.0_22 [2] Red Hat Enterprise Linux Advanced Platform 5.3, Linux kernel 2.6.18-194.26.1.el5 #1 SMP [3] Creation of the ProcessBuilder object, redirecting the error stream, and starting it.

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• Help needed for writing a Set Based query for finding the highest marks obtained by the students

  - by priyanka.sarkar_2

  I have the below table declare @t table (id int identity, name varchar(50),sub1 int,sub2 int,sub3 int,sub4 int) insert into @t select 'name1',20,30,40,50 union all select 'name2',10,30,40,50 union all select 'name3',40,60,100,50 union all select 'name4',80,30,40,80 union all select 'name5',80,70,40,50 union all select 'name6',10,30,40,80 The desired output should be Id Name Sub1 Sub2 Sub3 Sub4 3 Name3 100 4 Name4 80 80 5 Name5 80 70 6 Name6 80 What I have done so far is ;with cteSub1 as ( select rn1 = dense_rank() over(order by sub1 desc),t.id,t.name,t.sub1 from @t t ) ,cteSub2 as ( select rn2 = dense_rank() over(order by sub2 desc),t.id,t.name,t.sub2 from @t t ) ,cteSub3 as ( select rn3 = dense_rank() over(order by sub3 desc),t.id,t.name,t.sub3 from @t t ) ,cteSub4 as ( select rn4 = dense_rank() over(order by sub4 desc),t.id,t.name,t.sub4 from @t t ) select x1.id,x2.id,x3.id,x4.id ,x1.sub1,x2.sub2,x3.sub3,x4.sub4 from (select c1.id,c1.sub1 from cteSub1 c1 where rn1 =1) as x1 full join (select c2.id,c2.sub2 from cteSub2 c2 where rn2 =1)x2 on x1.id = x2.id full join (select c3.id,c3.sub3 from cteSub3 c3 where rn3 =1)x3 on x1.id = x3.id full join (select c4.id,c4.sub4 from cteSub4 c4 where rn4 =1)x4 on x1.id = x4.id which is giving me the output as id id id id sub1 sub2 sub3 sub4 5 5 NULL NULL 80 70 NULL NULL 4 NULL NULL 4 80 NULL NULL 80 NULL NULL 3 NULL NULL NULL 100 NULL NULL NULL NULL 6 NULL NULL NULL 80 Help needed. Also how can I reduce the number of CTE's?

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• Data transformation question

  - by tkm

  I have data composed of a list of employers and a list of workers. Each has a many-to-many relationship with the other (so an employer can have many workers, and a worker can have many employers). The way the data is retrieved (and given to me) is as follows: each employer has an array of workers. In other words: employer n has: worker x, worker y etc. So I have a bunch of employer objects each containing an array of workers. I need to transform this data (and basically invert the relationship). I need to have a bunch of worker objects, each containing and array of employers. In other words: worker x has: employer n1, employer n2 etc. The context is hypothetical so please don't comment on why I need this or why I am doing it this way. I would really just like help on the algorithm to perform this transformation (there isn't that much data so I would prefer readability over complex optimizations which reduce complexity). (Oh and I am using Java, but pseudocode would be fine). Thanks!

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• CouchDB- basic grouping question

  - by dnolen

  I have a user document which has a group field. This field is an array of group ids. I would like to write a view that returns (groupid as key) - (array of user docs as val). This mapping operation seems like a good beginning. function(doc) { var type = doc.type; var groups = doc.groups; if(type == "user" && groups.length > 0) { for(var i = 0; i < groups.length; i++) { emit(groups[i], doc); } } } But there's obviously something very wrong with my attempt at a reduce: function(key, values, rereduce) { var set = []; var seen = []; for(var i = 0; i < values.length; i++) { var _id = values[i]._id; if(seen.indexOf(_id) == -1) { seen.push(_id); set.push(values[i]); } } return set; } I'm running CouchDB 0.10dev. Any help appreciated.

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• Best method to cache objects in PHP?

  - by Martin Bean

  Hi, I'm currently developing a large site that handles user registrations. A social networking website for argument's sake. However, I've noticed a lag in page loads and deciphered that it is the creation of objects on pages that's slowing things down. For example, I have a Member object, that when instantiated with an ID passed as a construct parameter, it queries the database for that members' row in the members database table. Not bad, but this is created each time a page is loaded; and called more than once when say, calling an array of that particular members' friends, as a new Member object is created for each friend. So on a single page I can have upwards of seven of the same object, but containing different properties. What I'm wanting to do is to find a way to reduce the database load, and to allow persist objects between page loads. For example, the logged in user's object to be created on login (which I can do) but then stored somewhere for retrieval so I don't have to keep re-creating the object between page loads. What is the best solution for this? I've had a look at Memcache, but with it being a third-party module I can't have the web host install it on this occasion. What are my alternatives, and/or best practices in my case? Thanks in advance.

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• How to change radius of rounded rectangle in Photoshop

  - by MattDiPasquale

  At this point, I'm thinking of just using CSS 3, esp. since I'm a programmer, but I'd like to do this with Photoshop because I think it's nicer since I'm working with images anyway, among other reasons... Before I move on, my first question is: Is there a place like SuperUser for designers (or for Photoshop-like or questions)? What I Want: I want the icons on http://www.mattdipasquale.com/ to look like those on http://about.me/mattdipasquale. About.me has an outdated Twitter icon and does not have icons for GitHub, StackOverflow, etc. So, although I like the look of their icons, I want to be able to create these icons myself instead of using their versions. What I Have: I have different iphone icons, like the Facebook iPhone icon, Twitter iPhone icon, etc., that I got from iTunes, using Firebug to find the URL of the background image. I opened them up in Photoshop and pressed option + command + i to reduce the image size to 32px x 32px with Bicubic Sharper (best for reduction). I now have a square icon layer. Closing the Gap: In addition to the icon layer, I want to have a clipping-mask layer that will apply the 5px rounded-corners, 1px stroke, and 1px bevel. (Note: I just want to apply effects to the edges of the icon because the gloss and other effects are already encoded in the iTunes image. Also, I'm just guessing about the pixel values, but I want it to look good, like the icons on about.me.) What settings should I use for the blend options to make the icons look good, like iphone icons or those used by about.me? Why a Clipping Mask? The reason I want to use a clipping mask is that I want ease of reproducibility. I want to be able to apply the same styling to other square icon layers by simply replacing the square icon layer and then saving for web. If there is a better way to achieve such ease of reproducibility, please suggest it. I've seen Photoshop iPhone icon templates, but I couldn't figure out how to use them with my own images. Thanks! Matt

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• Business Owners - What Remote Desktop Solution Do You Use To Service Your Clients PCs?

  - by Sootah

  Howdy fellow computer geeks, I am the owner of a local computer repair business that primarily services its clients on-site. On the occasions that we do service the machines in the office we generally have one of our techs pick the computer up while they are out and about and bring it back with them. Only rarely will we require the customer to bring us the computer themselves. In order to reduce costs, be much more efficient, and potentially expand our market far beyond what would be feasible with travel required; I am looking at ways that we can service our clients remotely whenever possible. What we're in need of is a solid remote desktop application that will be incredibly easy for our customers to connect to, as well as be robust enough that we don't need the client babysitting the computer during the entire repair. Ideally I would like to use a web-based solution so that we don't have to walk the customers through installing, connecting, and configuring it over the phone. This would be unacceptable because of the level of service they are used to. Effectively we'd want them to be able to just go to a URL, enter a PIN or something, and then they are connected and ready to rumble. (Obviously the option to just email them a link that'd do all this for them would be what we'd be aiming for) Along with the ease of use factor, we would need the product to not require any further intervention on the part of the client after we have connected. Nobody is going to be happy if we have to call them every 15 minutes so they can reconnect to us every time we reboot - so auto-reconnect is an absolute must. The only product I know of right now that does any of this is LogMeIn Rescue. It allows unattended access, the applet is lightweight and installs quickly, and the customer can either enter a PIN on the site or just click a link emailed to them in order to connect. The only real downside I see to LogMeIn Rescue is that it's $120.00/month per technician. While we'd ultimately end up saving far more than that per month just in fuel costs alone, I'd like to explore any other options out there that I may not have come across. So - Are there any equally good products out there? If so what are they, why do you recommend them, how have you been utilizing them yourself, and what do they cost? Thanks in advance for your help! -Sootah

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• Why is this PHP loop rendering every row twice?

  - by Christopher

  I'm working on a real frankensite here not of my own design. There's a rudimentary CMS and one of the pages shows customer records from a MySQL DB. For some reason, it has no probs picking up the data from the DB - there's no duplicate records - but it renders each row twice. <?php $limit = 500; $area = 'customers_list'; $prc = 'customer_list.php'; if($_GET['page']) { include('inc/functions.php'); $page = $_GET['page']; } else { $page = 1; } $limitvalue = $page * $limit - ($limit); $customers_check = get_customers(); $customers = get_customers($limitvalue, $limit); $totalrows = count($customers_check); ?> <!-- pid: customer_list --> <table border="0" width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="float: left; margin-bottom: 20px;"> <tr> <td class="col_title" width="200">Name</td> <td></td> <td class="col_title" width="200">Town/City</td> <td></td> <td class="col_title">Telephone</td> <td></td> </tr> <?php for ($i = 0; $i < count($customers); $i++) { ?> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="cus_col_1"><a href="customer_details.php?id=<?php echo $customers[$i]['customer_id']; ?>"><?php echo $customers[$i]['surname'].', '.$customers[$i]['first_name']; ?></a></td> <td colspan="2" class="cus_col_2"><?php echo $customers[$i]['town']; ?></td> <td class="cus_col_1"><?php echo $customers[$i]['telephone']; ?></td> <td class="cus_col_2"> <a href="javascript: single_execute('prc/customers.prc.php?delete=yes&id=<?php echo $customers[$i]['customer_id']; ?>')" onClick="return confirmdel();" class="btn_maroon_small" style="margin: 0px; float: right; margin-right: 10px;"><div class="btn_maroon_small_left"> <div class="btn_maroon_small_right">Delete Account</div> </div></a> <a href="customer_edit.php?id=<?php echo $customers[$i]['customer_id']; ?>" class="btn_black" style="margin: 0px; float: right; margin-right: 10px;"><div class="btn_black_left"> <div class="btn_black_right">Edit Account</div> </div></a> <a href="mailto: <?php echo $customers[$i]['email']; ?>" class="btn_black" style="margin: 0px; float: right; margin-right: 10px;"><div class="btn_black_left"> <div class="btn_black_right">Email Customer</div> </div></a> </td> </tr> <tr><td class="col_divider" colspan="6"></td></tr> <?php }; ?> </table> <!--///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////--> <!--// PAGINATION--> <!--///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////--> <div class="pagination_holder"> <?php if($page != 1) { $pageprev = $page-1; ?> <a href="javascript: change('<?php echo $area; ?>', '<?php echo $prc; ?>?page=<?php echo $pageprev; ?>');" class="pagination_left">Previous</a> <?php } else { ?> <div class="pagination_left, page_grey">Previous</div> <?php } ?> <div class="pagination_middle"> <?php $numofpages = $totalrows / $limit; for($i = 1; $i <= $numofpages; $i++) { if($i == $page) { ?> <div class="page_number_selected"><?php echo $i; ?></div> <?php } else { ?> <a href="javascript: change('<?php echo $area; ?>', '<?php echo $prc; ?>?page=<?php echo $i; ?>');" class="page_number"><?php echo $i; ?></a> <?php } } if(($totalrows % $limit) != 0) { if($i == $page) { ?> <div class="page_number_selected"><?php echo $i; ?></div> <?php } else { ?> <a href="javascript: change('<?php echo $area; ?>', '<?php echo $prc; ?>?page=<?php echo $i; ?>');" class="page_number"><?php echo $i; ?></a> <?php } } ?> </div> <?php if(($totalrows - ($limit * $page)) > 0) { $pagenext = $page+1; ?> <a href="javascript: change('<?php echo $area; ?>', '<?php echo $prc; ?>?page=<?php echo $pagenext; ?>');" class="pagination_right">Next</a> <?php } else { ?> <div class="pagination_right, page_grey">Next</div> <?php } ?> </div> <!--///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////--> <!--// END PAGINATION--> <!--///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////--> I'm not the world's best PHP expert but I think I can see an error in a for loop when there is one... But everything looks ok to me. You'll notice that the customer name is clickable; clicking takes you to another page where you can view their full info as held in the DB - and for both rows, the customer ID is identical, and manually checking the DB shows there's no duplicate entries. The code is definitely rendering each row twice, but for what reason I have no idea. All pointers / advice appreciated.

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• What Remote Desktop Solution Do You Use To Service Your Clients' PCs? [closed]

  - by Sootah

  Possible Duplicate: What’s the best Remote Desktop Application? I am the owner of a local computer repair business that primarily services its clients on-site. On the occasions that we do service the machines in the office we generally have one of our techs pick the computer up while they are out and about and bring it back with them. Only rarely will we require the customer to bring us the computer themselves. In order to reduce costs, be much more efficient, and potentially expand our market far beyond what would be feasible with travel required; I am looking at ways that we can service our clients remotely whenever possible. What we're in need of is a solid remote desktop application that will be incredibly easy for our customers to connect to, as well as be robust enough that we don't need the client babysitting the computer during the entire repair. Ideally I would like to use a web-based solution so that we don't have to walk the customers through installing, connecting, and configuring it over the phone. This would be unacceptable because of the level of service they are used to. Effectively we'd want them to be able to just go to a URL, enter a PIN or something, and then they are connected and ready to rumble. (Obviously the option to just email them a link that'd do all this for them would be what we'd be aiming for) Along with the ease of use factor, we would need the product to not require any further intervention on the part of the client after we have connected. Nobody is going to be happy if we have to call them every 15 minutes so they can reconnect to us every time we reboot - so auto-reconnect is an absolute must. The only product I know of right now that does any of this is LogMeIn Rescue. It allows unattended access, the applet is lightweight and installs quickly, and the customer can either enter a PIN on the site or just click a link emailed to them in order to connect. The only real downside I see to LogMeIn Rescue is that it's $120.00/month per technician. While we'd ultimately end up saving far more than that per month just in fuel costs alone, I'd like to explore any other options out there that I may not have come across. Are there any equally good products out there? If so what are they, why do you recommend them, how have you been utilizing them yourself, and what do they cost?

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• Automating the choice between JPEG and PNG with a script

  - by MHC

  Choosing the right format to save your images in is crucial for preserving image quality and reducing artifacts. Different formats follow different compression methods and come with their own set of advantages and disadvantages. JPG, for instance is suited for real life photographs that are rich in color gradients. The lossless PNG, on the other hand, is far superior when it comes to schematic figures: Picking the right format can be a chore when working with a large number of files. That's why I would love to find a way to automate it. A little bit of background on my particular use case: I am working on a number of handouts for a series of lectures at my unversity. The handouts are rich in figures, which I have to extract from PDF-formatted slides. Extracting these images gives me lossless PNGs, which are needlessly large at times. Converting these particular files to JPEG can reduce their size to up to less than 20% of their original file size, while maintaining the same quality. This is important as working with hundreds of large images in word processors is pretty crash-prone. Batch converting all extracted PNGs to JPEGs is not an option I am willing to follow, as many if not most images are better suited to be formatted as PNGs. Converting these would result in insignificant size reductions and sometimes even increases in filesize - that's at least what my test runs showed. What we can take from this is that file size after compression can serve as an indicator on what format is suited best for a particular image. It's not a particularly accurate predictor, but works well enough. So why not use it in form of a script: I included inotifywait because I would prefer for the script be executed automatically as soon as I drag an extracted image into a folder. This is a simpler version of the script that I've been using for the last couple of weeks: #!/bin/bash inotifywait -m --format "%w%f" --exclude '.jpg' -r -e create -e moved_to --fromfile '/home/MHC/.scripts/Workflow/Conversion/include_inotifywait' | while read file; do mogrify -format jpg -quality 92 "$file" done The advanced version of the script would have to be able to handle spaces in file names and directory names preserve the original file names flatten PNG images if an alpha value is set compare the file size between the temporary converted image and its original determine if the difference is greater than a given precentage act accordingly The actual conversion could be done with imagemagick tools: convert -quality 92 -flatten -background white file.png file.jpg Unfortunately, my bash skills aren't even close to advanced enough to convert the scheme above into an actual script, but I am sure many of you can. My reputation points on here are pretty low, but I will gladly award the most helpful answer with the highest bounty I can set. References: http://www.formortals.com/introducing-cnb-imageguide/, http://www.turnkeylinux.org/blog/png-vs-jpg Edit: Also see my comments below for some more information on why I think this script would be the best solution to the problem I am facing.

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• Tuning Linux IP routing parameters -- secret_interval and tcp_mem

  - by Jeff Atwood

  We had a little failover problem with one of our HAProxy VMs today. When we dug into it, we found this: Jan 26 07:41:45 haproxy2 kernel: [226818.070059] __ratelimit: 10 callbacks suppressed Jan 26 07:41:45 haproxy2 kernel: [226818.070064] Out of socket memory Jan 26 07:41:47 haproxy2 kernel: [226819.560048] Out of socket memory Jan 26 07:41:49 haproxy2 kernel: [226822.030044] Out of socket memory Which, per this link, apparently has to do with low default settings for net.ipv4.tcp_mem. So we increased them by 4x from their defaults (this is Ubuntu Server, not sure if the Linux flavor matters): current values are: 45984 61312 91968 new values are: 183936 245248 367872 After that, we started seeing a bizarre error message: Jan 26 08:18:49 haproxy1 kernel: [ 2291.579726] Route hash chain too long! Jan 26 08:18:49 haproxy1 kernel: [ 2291.579732] Adjust your secret_interval! Shh.. it's a secret!! This apparently has to do with /proc/sys/net/ipv4/route/secret_interval which defaults to 600 and controls periodic flushing of the route cache The secret_interval instructs the kernel how often to blow away ALL route hash entries regardless of how new/old they are. In our environment this is generally bad. The CPU will be busy rebuilding thousands of entries per second every time the cache is cleared. However we set this to run once a day to keep memory leaks at bay (though we've never had one). While we are happy to reduce this, it seems odd to recommend dropping the entire route cache at regular intervals, rather than simply pushing old values out of the route cache faster. After some investigation, we found /proc/sys/net/ipv4/route/gc_elasticity which seems to be a better option for keeping the route table size in check: gc_elasticity can best be described as the average bucket depth the kernel will accept before it starts expiring route hash entries. This will help maintain the upper limit of active routes. We adjusted elasticity from 8 to 4, in the hopes of the route cache pruning itself more aggressively. The secret_interval does not feel correct to us. But there are a bunch of settings and it's unclear which are really the right way to go here. /proc/sys/net/ipv4/route/gc_elasticity (8) /proc/sys/net/ipv4/route/gc_interval (60) /proc/sys/net/ipv4/route/gc_min_interval (0) /proc/sys/net/ipv4/route/gc_timeout (300) /proc/sys/net/ipv4/route/secret_interval (600) /proc/sys/net/ipv4/route/gc_thresh (?) rhash_entries (kernel parameter, default unknown?) We don't want to make the Linux routing worse, so we're kind of afraid to mess with some of these settings. Can anyone advise which routing parameters are best to tune, for a high traffic HAProxy instance?

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• Adaptec 5805 after reboot don't starting

  - by Rakedko ShotGuns

  After rebooting the system, the controller is not included. It only works if the computer is shut down and turn off. Late i update firmware "Adaptec RAID 5805 Firmware Build 18948" How to fix the problem? add Log Configuration summary Server name.....................raid_test Adaptec Storage Manager agent...7.31.00 (18856) Adaptec Storage Manager console.7.31.00 (18856) Number of controllers...........1 Operating system................Windows Configuration information for controller 1 ------------------------------------------------------- Type............................Controller Model...........................Adaptec 5805 Controller number...............1 Physical slot...................2 Installed memory size...........512 MB Serial number...................8C4510C6C9E Boot ROM........................5.2-0 (18948) Firmware........................5.2-0 (18948) Device driver...................5.2-0 (16119) Controller status...............Optimal Battery status..................Charging Battery temperature.............Normal Battery charge amount (%).......37 Estimated charge remaining......0 days, 16 hours, 12 minutes Background consistency check....Disabled Copy back.......................Disabled Controller temperature..........Normal (40C / 104F) Default logical drive task priorityHigh Performance mode................Dynamic Number of logical devices.......1 Number of hot-spare drives......0 Number of ready drives..........0 Number of drive(s) assigned to MaxCache cache0 Maximum drives allowed for MaxCache cache8 MaxCache Read Cache Pool Size...0 GB NCQ status......................Enabled Stay awake status...............Disabled Internal drive spinup limit.....0 External drive spinup limit.....0 Phy 0...........................No device attached Phy 1...........................No device attached Phy 2...........................No device attached Phy 3...........................1.50 Gb/s Phy 4...........................No device attached Phy 5...........................No device attached Phy 6...........................No device attached Phy 7...........................No device attached Statistics version..............2.0 SSD Cache size..................0 Pages on fetch list.............0 Fetch list candidates...........0 Candidate replacements..........0 69319...........................31293 Logical device..................0 Logical device name............. RAID level......................Simple volume Data space......................148,916 GB Date created....................09/19/2012 Interface type..................Serial ATA State...........................Optimal Read-cache mode.................Enabled Preferred MaxCache read cache settingEnabled Actual MaxCache read cache setting Disabled Write-cache mode................Enabled (write-back) Write-cache setting.............Enabled (write-back) Partitioned.....................Yes Protected by hot spare..........No Bootable........................Yes Bad stripes.....................No Power Status....................Disabled Power State.....................Active Reduce RPM timer................Never Power off timer.................Never Verify timer....................Never Segment 0.......................Present: controller 1, connector 0, device 0, S/N 9RX3KZMT Overall host IOs................99075 Overall MB......................4411203 DRAM cache hits.................71929 SSD cache hits..................0 Uncached IOs....................29239 Overall disk failures...........0 DRAM cache full hits............71929 DRAM cache fetch / flush wait...0 DRAM cache hybrid reads.........3476 DRAM cache flushes..............-- Read hits.......................0 Write hits......................0 Valid Pages.....................0 Updates on writes...............0 Invalidations by large writes...0 Invalidations by R/W balance....0 Invalidations by replacement....0 Invalidations by other..........0 Page Fetches....................0 0...............................0 73..............................10822 8...............................3 46138...........................4916 27184...........................15226 20875...........................323 16982...........................1771 1563............................5317 1948............................2969 Serial attached SCSI ----------------------- Type............................Disk drive Vendor..........................Unknown Model...........................ST3160815AS Serial Number...................9RX3KZMT Firmware level..................3.AAD Reported channel................0 Reported SCSI device ID.........0 Interface type..................Serial ATA Size............................149,05 GB Negotiated transfer speed.......1.50 Gb/s State...........................Optimal S.M.A.R.T. error................No Write-cache mode................Write back Hardware errors.................0 Medium errors...................0 Parity errors...................0 Link failures...................0 Aborted commands................0 S.M.A.R.T. warnings.............0 Solid-state disk (non-spinning).false MaxCache cache capable..........false MaxCache cache assigned.........false NCQ status......................Enabled Phy 0...........................1.50 Gb/s Power State.....................Full rpm Supported power states..........Full rpm, Powered off 0x01............................113 0x03............................98 0x04............................99 0x05............................100 0x07............................83 0x09............................75 0x0A............................100 0x0C............................99 0xBB............................100 0xBD............................100 0xBE............................61 0xC2............................39 0xC3............................69 0xC5............................100 0xC6............................100 0xC7............................200 0xC8............................100 0xCA............................100 Aborted commands................0 Link failures...................0 Medium errors...................0 Parity errors...................0 Hardware errors.................0 SMART errors....................0 End of the configuration information for controller 1 List item

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• ZFS/Btrfs/LVM2-like storage with advanced features on Linux?

  - by Easter Sunshine

  I have 3 identical internal 7200 RPM SATA hard disk drives on a Linux machine. I'm looking for a storage set-up that will give me all of this: Different data sets (filesystems or subtrees) can have different RAID levels so I can choose performance, space overhead, and risk trade-offs differently for different data sets while having a few number of physical disks (very important data can be 3xRAID1, important data can be 3xRAID5, unimportant reproducible data can be 3xRAID0). If each data set has an explicit size or size limit, then the ability to grow and shrink the size limit (offline if need be) Avoid out-of-kernel modules R/W or read-only COW snapshots. If it's a block-level snapshots, the filesystem should be synced and quiesced during a snapshot. Ability to add physical disks and then grow/redistribute RAID1, RAID5, and RAID0 volumes to take advantage of the new spindle and make sure no spindle is hotter than the rest (e.g., in NetApp, growing a RAID-DP raid group by a few disks will not balance the I/O across them without an explicit redistribution) Not required but nice-to-haves: Transparent compression, per-file or subtree. Even better if, like NetApps, analyzes the data first for compressibility and only compresses compressible data Deduplication that doesn't have huge performance penalties or require obscene amounts of memory (NetApp does scheduled deduplication on weekends, which is good) Resistance to silent data corruption like ZFS (this is not required because I have never seen ZFS report any data corruption on these specific disks) Storage tiering, either automatic (based on caching rules) or user-defined rules (yes, I have all-identical disks now but this will let me add a read/write SSD cache in the future). If it's user-defined rules, these rules should have the ability to promote to SSD on a file level and not a block level. Space-efficient packing of small files I tried ZFS on Linux but the limitations were: Upgrading is additional work because the package is in an external repository and is tied to specific kernel versions; it is not integrated with the package manager Write IOPS does not scale with number of devices in a raidz vdev. Cannot add disks to raidz vdevs Cannot have select data on RAID0 to reduce overhead and improve performance without additional physical disks or giving ZFS a single partition of the disks ext4 on LVM2 looks like an option except I can't tell whether I can shrink, extend, and redistribute onto new spindles RAID-type logical volumes (of course, I can experiment with LVM on a bunch of files). As far as I can tell, it doesn't have any of the nice-to-haves so I was wondering if there is something better out there. I did look at LVM dangers and caveats but then again, no system is perfect.

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• Messages stuck in SMTP queue - Exchange 2003

  - by Diav

  I need your help people ;-) I have a problem with messages coming into our Exchange Server and ones going out through it. Basically, the messages are stuck in the SMTP queue. A message will come into the server, I can see it listed under "Exchange System Manager", but if you list the properties of the message queue it says something like 00:10 SMTP Message queued for local delivery 00:10 SMTP Message delivered locally to [email protected] 00:10 SMTP Message scheduled to retry local delivery 00:11 SMTP Message delivered locally to [email protected] 00:11 SMTP Message scheduled to retry local delivery etc etc For outgoing message list looks like this: 10:55 SMTP: Message Submitted to Advanced Queuing 10:55 SMTP: Started Message Submission to Advanced Queue 10:55 SMTP: Message Submitted to Categorizer 10:55 SMTP: Message Categorized and Queued for Routing 10:55 SMTP: Message Routed nad Queued for Remote Delivery And the end - since then status didn't change, message is in queue, I am forcing connection from time to time but without an effect. I checked connection with smarthost (used telnet for that) and everything seems to work correctly, so the problem is probably on exchange side. I am using Exchange Server 2003 running on Small Business Server 2003. I don't have any antivirus installed on server. Remaining free space on each partition is over 3Gb, on partition with data bases - it is over 12Gb. All was working good and without problems since 2005, problems started in half of this june - messages started going out and being stuck almost randomly (I don't see a pattern yet, some are going out, some are not, some are going after several hours). I don't know what to do, what to check more, so please, any ideas? Best regards, D. edit Priv1.edb has 14,5GB and priv1.stm 2,6GB - together those files have more than 16GB - can it be the reason? If yes, then what? Indeed, I haven't thought that it can have something in common with my problem, but several users reported recent problems with Outlook Web Access - they can log in, they see the list of their mails, but they can't see the content of their emails. Although when they are connecting with Outlook 2003/2007 - there is no such problem, only with OWA there is. edit2 So,.. It works now, and I have to admit that I am not really sure what the problem was (hope it won't come back). What have I done: Cleaned up some mailboxes to reduce size of them Dismounted Information Store Defragmentated data base files ( I used eseutil: c:\program files\exchsrvr\bin eseutil /d g:\data base\Exchsrvr\MDBDATA\priv1.edb ) Mounted Information Store back ..and before I managed to do anything else - my queue started moving, elements which were kept there already for days - started moving and after few minutes everything was sent, both, outside and locally. But: priv1.edb is still big (13 884 203 008), priv1.stm as well (2 447 384 576), so this is probably not the issue of size of the file. And if not this, so what was that? And if that was issue of size of the file, then soon it will repeat - is there something I can do to avoid it ?

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• How to troubleshoot performance issues of PHP, MySQL and generic I/O

  - by jbx

  I have a WordPress based website running on a shared hosting. Its response time is very decent (around 2s to retrieve the HTML page and 5s to load all the resources). I was planning to move it to a dedicated virtual server (Ubuntu 12.04 LTS), which should theoretically improve things and make them more consistent given its not shared. However I observed severe performance degredation, with the page taking 10seconds to be generated. I ruled out network issues by editing /etc/hosts on the server and mapping the domain to 127.0.0.1. I used the Apache load tester ab to get the HTML, so JS, CSS and images are all excluded. It still took 10 seconds. I have Zpanel installed on the server which also uses MySQL, and its pages come up quite fast (1.5s) and also phpMyAdmin. Performing some queries on the wordpress database directly through phpMyAdmin returns them quite fast too, with query times in the 10 to 30 millisecond region. Memory is also sufficient, with only 800Mb being used of the 1Gb physical memory available, so it doesn't seem to be a swap issue either. I have also installed APC to try to improve the PHP performance, but it didn't have any effect. What else should I look for? What could be causing this degradation in performance? Could it be some kind of I/O issue since I am running on a cloud based virtual server? I wish to be able to raise the issue with my provider but without showing actual data from some diagnosis I am afraid he will just blame my application. UPDATE with sar output (every second) when I did an HTTP request: 02:31:29 CPU %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 02:31:30 all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 02:31:31 all 2.22 0.00 2.22 0.00 0.00 95.56 02:31:32 all 41.67 0.00 6.25 0.00 2.08 50.00 02:31:33 all 86.36 0.00 13.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 02:31:34 all 75.00 0.00 25.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 02:31:35 all 93.18 0.00 6.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 02:31:36 all 90.70 0.00 9.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 02:31:37 all 71.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 28.95 02:31:38 all 14.89 0.00 10.64 0.00 2.13 72.34 02:31:39 all 2.56 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 97.44 02:31:40 all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 02:31:41 all 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 My suspicion that this comes from I/O related issue is also because a caching plugin I use to reduce the amount of queries to the database, by precompiling PHP pages is actually making things worse instead of better. It seems that file access is making things worse instead.

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• Loose component cables causing HDMI video problems

  - by jwir3

  I'm not sure this is the correct forum, but I'll ask anyway. I have an A/V setup at home that has something like the following: Five Components (actually a few more, like a CD player, but they don't really relate to this question): Older Pioneer Receiver Digital Set Top Box Sony BluRay Player Samsung Plasma TV Speakers The reason for the receiver is so that all the sound can go through the speakers, rather than some going to the TV speakers and some to the external speakers. They are connected as follows: Digital Set Top Box connects via component video to Samsung TV directly via Component 2 (audio goes to Older Pioneer Receiver). Sony BluRay player is connected via HDMI 1 to TV, but audio goes to the receiver. Now, the problem I'm having is that when I have the digital set top box connected, there are times when the Netflix or Hulu streams I watch through the Sony BluRay player (it's connected to a router for internet access) will lose video. What I mean by this is that the sound of the episode will keep playing, but the screen will go black. If I jiggle the component cables, it will often come back. If I disconnect the component cables, it will always come back. I've noticed that one of the connections (the red component cable) doesn't like to sit very well in the component socket in the back of the digital set top box. It seems like there is a bad connection here, but it doesn't seem like this should be affecting the HDMI input at all. What I've noticed, though, is that when I disconnect the digital set top box completely (i.e. remove the component cable from the back of the TV), the problem seems to resolve itself. I'm not talking about actually removing the cable physically, because I thought perhaps the cables were mashing against one another, and possibly jiggling each other loose. To correct this possible problem, I took the component cable completely out of the cable ties it was in in the back of my entertainment center, as well as pulled the digital set top box out from the entertainment center altogether. It's now connected directly to the TV, without any other cables touching it to cause some kind of weird interference or just physical pulling on the cable. Same problem. If, however, I disconnect the component cable and just leave it sitting behind the TV, then the problem goes away. So, my question is this - what could be causing this? Is it a case where it's an improperly shielded component cable that's causing interference with the HDMI input, or something that's wrong with the TV? It's an intermittent problem, so it's difficult to track down. The TV isn't that old, so it's probably still under warranty. I'm just wondering if there is something else I can do that might reduce this problem without having to haul a massive television set out of my house to get repaired/replaced.

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• Can someone explain RAID-0 in plain English?

  - by Edward Tanguay

  I've heard about and read about RAID throughout the years and understand it theoretically as a way to help e.g. server PCs reduce the chance of data loss, but now I am buying a new PC which I want to be as fast as possible and have learned that having two drives can considerably increase the perceived performance of your machine. In the question Recommendations for hard drive performance boost, the author says he is going to RAID-0 two 7200 RPM drives together. What does this mean in practical terms for me with Windows 7 installed, e.g. can I buy two drives, go into the device manager and "raid-0 them together"? I am not a network administrator or a hardware guy, I'm just a developer who is going to have a computer store build me a super fast machine next week. I can read the wikipedia page on RAID but it is just way too many trees and not enough forest to help me build a faster PC: RAID-0: "Striped set without parity" or "Striping". Provides improved performance and additional storage but no redundancy or fault tolerance. Because there is no redundancy, this level is not actually a Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks, i.e. not true RAID. However, because of the similarities to RAID (especially the need for a controller to distribute data across multiple disks), simple strip sets are normally referred to as RAID 0. Any disk failure destroys the array, which has greater consequences with more disks in the array (at a minimum, catastrophic data loss is twice as severe compared to single drives without RAID). A single disk failure destroys the entire array because when data is written to a RAID 0 drive, the data is broken into fragments. The number of fragments is dictated by the number of disks in the array. The fragments are written to their respective disks simultaneously on the same sector. This allows smaller sections of the entire chunk of data to be read off the drive in parallel, increasing bandwidth. RAID 0 does not implement error checking so any error is unrecoverable. More disks in the array means higher bandwidth, but greater risk of data loss. So in plain English, how can "RAID-0" help me build a faster Windows-7 PC that I am going to order next week?

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• How to make Linux reliably boot on multi-cpu machines?

  - by Adam Tabi

  I've got two machines, one with 4x12 AMD Opteron cores (AMD Opteron(tm) Processor 6176), one with 2x8 Xeon cores (HT disabled; Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2660 0 @ 2.20GHz). On both machines I experience difficulties during boot of Linux using recent kernels. The system hangs during the initialization of the kernel, before or just when initramfs started initializing the hardware. The last thing which got displayed was a stacktrace like this: CPU: 31 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/31 Tainted: G D 3.11.6-hardened #11 Hardware name: Supermicro X9DRT-HF+/X9DRT-HF+, BIOS 3.00 07/08/2013 task: ffff880854695500 ti: ffff880854695a28 task.ti: ffff880854695a28 RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff8100a82e>] [<ffffffff8100a82e>] default_idle+0x6/0xe RSP: 0000:ffff8808546b3ec8 EFLAGS: 00000286 RAX: ffffffff8100a828 RBX: ffff880854695a28 RCX: 00000000ffffffff RDX: 0100000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffff88107fdec690 RBP: ffff8808546b3ec8 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffff880854695500 R10: ffff880854695500 R11: 0000000000000001 R12: ffff880854695a28 R13: ffff880854695a28 R14: ffff880854695a28 R15: 0000000000000000 FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff88107fde0000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033 CR2: 000002b43256a960 CR3: 00000000016b5000 CR4: 00000000000607f0 Stack: ffff8808546b3ed8 ffffffff8100aec9 ffff8808546b3f10 ffffffff8109ce25 334ab55852ec7aef 000000000000001f ffffffff8102d6c0 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ffff8808546b3f48 ffffffff810276e0 ffff8808546b3f28 Call Trace: [<ffffffff8100aec9>] arch_cpu_idle+0x20/0x2b [<ffffffff8109ce25>] cpu_startup_entry+0xed/0x138 [<ffffffff8102d6c0>] ? flat_init_apic_ldr+0x80/0x80 [<ffffffff810276e0>] start_secondary+0x2c9/0x2f8 I compiled the kernel myself and it works fine, if I boot with nolapic. Yet, only one core is used. Also, the kernel of RHEL6 seems to work fine. I suspect that there are some patches used to make things work. Using the kernel config file from RHEL6 and building a more recent kernel yields the same problems. On the Xeon machine, things got better by disabling Hyperthreading completely. The machine now boots successfully on at least 4 out of 5 times. And if it boots, multicore stuff works just fine. However, I'm wondering about what to do about the AMD machine. So to sum it up: Gentoo kernel 3.6 - 3.11 won't reliably boot those machines unless you reduce the amount of cores (e.g. via nolapic). RHEL6 kernel (which is 2.6.32) boots just fine. RH kernel config used to build a 3.x kernel won't yield a working kernel. Not distribution specific (apart from the kernel being used). These stack traces got printed every minute or so. The kernel seems to be stuck in an endless loop. Yet, a recent kernel is needed for various reasons. So the question is: What does the RHEL6 kernel do, what vanilla or gentoo kernels don't do? Is there a boot option that might lead to a reliable boot with all the cores enabled? Best, Adam

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• Intermittent Disconnection of Client Computers from Domain Server

  - by dilip nagle

  The Background: I have Windows 2008 server Enterprise Version with 25 user cal licences. It has a domain and all users and a network shared HP printer in it. The Server has two network cards and both these cards as well as all client machines are on IP addressing scheme of 192.168.1.* with subnetmask 255.255.255.0. Of the two network cards viz. 192.168.1.231 and 192.168.1.233, only 192.168.1.231 is registered with DNS. In 192.168.1.233(i.e. 2nd network card) has default getway as 192.168.1.231 and dns address as 192.168.1.231. The Server has three hard disks with capacities as 500gb, 500gb and 1TB and are partitioned as (C,D,E), (F,G) and (K) with partition K having all user data into various Shared Folders. Each of these folders(On Partition K), are mapped onto each user's computer as per the right of access given to them. The Problem: The Server was installed about 6 months ago and till date not even once, the Server has Hung or has given any problem. All the Clients computers are able to run the web based software from their computers via ip address, e.g. http://192.168.1.231/webERP/default.aspx. However, occassionally, when any client computer tries to browse network mappings, it hangs. Again, there is no fixed pattern. This may happen after running smoothly for say 3 days. On each Client's machine, the network settings are as follows: IP Address: 192.168.1.* where * is 1,2,3 .... Sunnetmask: 255.255.255.0 defauly getway: 192.168.1.231 Which is a server card and DNS address. preferred DNS Server: 192.168.1.231 In Advanced Tab under Wins: LMHostLookup is Unticked and default is radio buttoned. Ideally, I would have loved to have Disabled NETBIOS over TCP/IP but some network printers do not get accessed if this option is enabled(ie. Radio Buttoned). Bacause Disabling Netbios will drastically reduce traffic of NETBIOS broadcasting to all the computers on the net to do naming resolution. On Server, I have WINs Running which I have Scavanged Records, verified Database Integrity etc, removed Tombstoned Records etc. The Critical Errors shown only once a day when the server is statred are 4224(WINS) and 12923 - Server Licencing failed to Update DNS Record. I fail to understand as why do client machines HANG when they try to browse mapped network shared folders on K Drive. Kindly Advice

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• Looking for a new backup solution to replace dying tape drive

  - by E3 Group

  We're running Windows Server 2003 SBS and another machine with Server 2003 Standard on it. The SBS server is about 7 years old running pretty much 24/7 - a HP server of some description. We have an Ultrium 448 cycling LTO2 400GB tapes daily and incrementally backing up approximately 100gb worth of data (20gb C:\ and system state, 40gb exchange, 40gb database for some crap marketing software) on BackupExec 10D. As of 5 months ago, the backups have been consistently failing with IO errors, bad reads and some write errors. When I say consistent, I mean every time and we haven't had a proper backup for the entire 5 months - So if the server explodes tomorrow, 7 years worth of data will just cease to exist. I've only just recently rejoined the company and am looking at rectifying the more concerning problems, so the first thing I did was try a backup to an USB2.0 external drive. It was excruciatingly slow. In fact it was so slow it took 40 hours and it still wasn't finished. I ended up cancelling it and reconfiguring the selections again to reduce file size. This, however, isn't a permanent solution. I concluded that the IO error was either from a faulty tape drive (which has a tape stuck in there right now and not coming out) or from a dying SCSI controller. Neither of them are good news and both are extremely expensive to fix. I'm operating on an extremely low budget so have been looking at outsourcing the backups. A company in Sydney (where I'm located) offer incremental online backups via a NAS. It costs almost double a new tape drive but offers monthly repayments which will let us get through times when cash flow is minimal. It seems like a sweet deal but it is still a little bit pricey. So I'm looking for a cheaper, yet reliable solution. Maybe some in-house NAS or something offsite? The idea is to avoid using tapes. Are there any recommendations for rectifying my current situation? Or are tapes the only way to go? I'm concerned that the server will die one day in the near future and I must be able to restore it to another server with different hardware.

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• Resizing Partitions on Live RHEL/cPanel Server

  - by Timothy R. Butler

  I've resized many partitions over the years on Linux, Windows and Mac OS X -- but always using a GUI. However, the time has come where the preset partition sizes my data center placed on my server aren't the right sizes and I need to resize a production server's disks. I could fiddle with it and probably do OK, but given that it is a production server, I wanted to get some advice about the right way to do this. I do have KVM over IP access, so if it is best to take the server offline and boot off a rescue partition, I can do that. root [/var/lib/mysql]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 9.9G 2.1G 7.3G 23% / tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 99M 77M 18M 82% /boot /dev/sda8 884G 463G 376G 56% /home /dev/sda3 9.9G 8.0G 1.5G 85% /usr /dev/sda5 9.9G 9.1G 308M 97% /var /usr/tmpDSK 2.0G 38M 1.8G 3% /tmp As you can see /var and /usr are quite close to being full and I've actually had to symlink some logs on /usr to directories in /home to balance things out. What I would like to do is to add 6-10 GB each to /usr and /var, presumably taking the space from /home. As I think about how the disk is arranged, the best thought I've come up with is to reduce /home by 16 GB, say, and move /var to the spot freed up, then allocating /var's space to /usr. However, that would put /var at the far end of the disk, which seems less than idea, given that MySQL has all of its data on that partition. I'd love to take the space out of the closer end of /usr, but I assume that would take a very arduous (and perhaps risky) process of moving all of the data in /usr around. I seem to recall having such a process fail for me on a computer in the past. The other option might be to merge / and /usr since / is underutilized, though I'm not sure if that's a good idea. Do you have any suggestions both on the best reallocation plan and the commands to use to accomplish it? UPDATE: I should add -- here's the partition table. There's one unused partition, which, if memory serves, was the original tmp location before I created a tmp image: Name Flags Part Type FS Type [Label] Size (MB) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Unusable 1.05* sda1 Boot Primary Linux ext2 106.96* sda2 Primary Linux ext3 10737.42* sda3 Primary Linux ext3 10737.42* sda5 NC Logical Linux ext3 10738.47* sda6 NC Logical Linux swap / Solaris 2148.54* sda7 NC Logical Linux ext3 1074.80* sda8 NC Logical Linux ext3 964098.53*

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• Custom built machine has much higher power consumption than expected

  - by foraidt

  I built a machine according to the specs of a computer magazine (c't, Germany). According to the magazine, the power consumption should be at around 10W. I don't want to go into the specifics of the hardware but rather ask for general advice on where to look: I updated the BIOS/UEFI version to the latest version, installed all the recommended drivers and unplugged all hardware that's not necessary to boot into Windows. All that was left is the power supply, mainboard, cpu, cpu cooler and one SSD drive. But still I measured a power consumption of 50W, which is 40W more than it should be. I tried booting Linux Mint from a USB stick, so I don't think it's some Windows-related problem.. Where else could I look? Update 1 I dind't want the question to get closed for being too localized but if more details are necessary, here they are: The system is a desktop PC. The power consumption is measured using a Brennenstuhl PM 231 device, which was tested also by c't and they found it quite accurate. The PSU is an Enermax ETL300AWT, the mainboard Intel DH87RL (Socket 1150) and the CPU Intel G3220 (Haswell). Update 2 There is no online version of the article*. The most details I found can be read on its project page (in German, though...) (*)You can pay for downloadable PDFs, however. English translation of that project page Update 3 Regarding the sceptics: It may sound ridiculous but apparently 10W idle consumption is possible with Intel's Haswell architecture. As a kind of proof, there's an additional Blog article explicitly listing the steps needed to reduce the idle consumption to 10W. Additional hardware: I measured the consumption without the HDD, and as expected the usage dropped by around 10W. I have no chassis fans and the CPU fan is a "Scythe Mugen 4" model. It runs at around 600rpm so I think it won't draw much. When stripping off all my extra components I should be at 10W. But I'm not getting anywhere near that. I would be happy to see "just" 15W in the stripped down version but currently I'm not getting below 50W no matter which component I remove. As I see it this cannot be explained by the PSU being less efficient at lower consumption. I also waited half an hour or so (also checked that no Windows updates were running in the background) and the consumption dind't drop by more than a few watts.

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• Hang while starting several daemons [solved]

  - by Adrian Lang

  I’m running a Debian Squeeze AMD64 server. Target runlevel after boot is runlevel 2, which includes rsyslogd, cron, sshd and some other stuff, but not dovecot, postfix, apache2, etc. The system fails to reach runlevel 2 with several symptoms: The system hangs at trying to start rsyslogd Booting into runlevel 1 works, then login from the console works Starting rsyslogd from runlevel 1 via /etc/init.d/rsyslog hangs Starting runlevel 2 with rsyslogd disabled works But then, logging in via console fails: I get the motd, and then nothing Starting sshd from runlevel 1 succeeds But then, I cannot login via ssh. Sometimes password ssh login gives me the motd and then nothing, sometimes not even this. Trying to offer a public key seems to annoy the sshd enough to not talk to me any further. When rebooting from runlevel 1, the server hangs at trying to stop apache2 (which is not running, so this really should be trivial). Trying to stop apache2 when logged in in runleve 1 does hang as well. And that’s just the stuff which fails all the time. RAM has been tested, dmesg shows no problems. I have no clue. Update: (shortened) output from rsyslogd -c4 -d called in runlevel 1 rsyslogd 4.6.4 startup, compatibility mode 4, module path '' caller requested object 'net', not found (iRet -3003) Requested to load module 'lmnet' loading module '/user/lib/rsyslog/lmnet.so' module of type 2 being loaded conf.c requested ref for 'lmnet', refcount 1 rsylog runtime initialized, version 4.6.4, current users 1 syslogd.c requested ref for 'lmnet', refcount now 2 I can kill rsyslogd with Strg+C, then. /var/log shows none of the configured log files, though. Update2: Thanks to @DerfK I still have no clue, but at least I narrowed down the problem. I’m now testing with /etc/init.d/apache2 stop (without an apache2 running, of course) which hangs as well and looks like an even more obvious failure. After some testing I found out that a file with one single line: /usr/sbin/apache2ctl configtest /dev/null 2&1 hangs, while the same line executed in an interactive shell works. I was not able to further reduce this line while, i. e. every single part, the stream redirections and the commando itself is necessary to reproduce the hang. @DerfK also pointed me to strace which gave a shallow hint about what kind of hang we have here: wait4(-1for the init scripts futex(0xsomepointer, FUTEX_WAIT_PRIVATE, 2, NULL for rsyslogd / apache2 binaries called by the init scripts The system was installed as a Debian Lenny by my hoster in autumn 2011, I upgraded it to Squeeze immediately and kept it up to date with Squeeze, which then used to be testing. There were no big changes, though. I guess I never tried to reboot the system before. Update3: I found the problem. My /etc/nsswitch.conf specified ldap as hosts lookup backup, which is not available at that time of the boot. Relying on dns solely fixes my boot problems.

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• Hanging page loads every n loads - SOLVED

  - by Christian

  Hi Guys I recently moved my site to a new server (Apache 2, PHP5, MySQL5). The site is an Invision based forum. Every few posts / topics it just hangs. The data has been written because if you stop and reload, the post / thread is there. I thought it was a write issue initially, but nope. So, the data is written but the page load never completes. It doesn't leave the page where the data has been input. Whats the best way to trouble shoot this issue? The only thing I have done recently is reduce my MySQL timeouts, but I can't see that being an issue as the values are still big enough and there are no mentions of timeouts in the MySQL log. (For the record there is nothing in PHP's error log either) Thanks in advance! EDIT: I checked my server-status. It all looked ok, but I have a suspicion I was hitting my ServerLimit, so I doubled that. Also enabled my Keepalives. Will keep an eye on it. EDIT 2: Its now been a few days and this is still occuring. I have more info though; Apache is throwing seg faults, but enabling core dumps does not produce them. I have tried disabling the modules in apache but it just stops things from working. I fear it may actually be DNS related. If I watch Live Headers in Firefox, absolutely nothing happens during this 'hanging' period. After that, the responses come back fairly promptly. UPDATE (05/04): I built the latest versions of Apache and PHP from source, no luck. I then removed those and used the remi repo to update all my packages to the latest stable. Segfaults seem to have stopped, but the hanging is continuing. ini's are at; www.skylinesaustralia.com/php.ini www.skylinesaustralia.com/my.cnf www.skylinesaustralia.com/httpd.conf UPDATE - SOLVED! - The issue was having a gigantic query cache size in MySQL. It was 2GB, changing it to 64M sorted it. Thanks for all the help everybody, much appreciated!!

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• Generating/managing config files for hosted application

  - by mfinni

  I asked a question about config management, and haven't seen a reply. It's possible my question was too vague, so let's get down to brass tacks. Here's the process we follow when onboarding a new customer instance into our hosted application : how would you manage this? I'm leaning towards a Perl script to populate templates to generate shell scripts, config files, XML config files, etc. Looking briefly at CFengine and Chef, it seems like they're not going to reduce the amount of work, because I'd still have to manually specify all of the changes/edits within the tool. Doesn't seem to be much of a gain over touching the config files directly. We add a stanza to the main config file for the core (3rd-party) application. This stanza has values that defines the instance (customer) name the TCP listener port for this instance (not one currently used) the DB2 database name (serial numeric identifier, already exists, they get prestaged for us by the DBAs) three sub-config files, by name - they need to be created from 3 templates and be named after the instance The sub-config files define: The filepath for the DB2 volumes The filepath for the storage of objects The filepath for just one of the DB2 volumes (yes, redundant to the first item. We run some application commands, start the instance We do some LDAP thingies (make an OU for the instance, etc.) We add a stanza to the config file for our security listener that acts as a passthrough to LDAP instance name LDAP OU TCP port for instance DB2 database name We restart the security listener (off-hours), change the main config file from item 1, stop and restart the instance. It is now authenticating via LDAP. We add the stop and start commands for this instance to the HA failover scripts. We import an XML config file into the instance that defines things for the actual application for the customer - user names, groups, permissions, and business rules. The XML is supplied by the implementation team. Now, we configure the dataloading application We add a stanza to the existing top-level config file that points to a new customer-level config file. The new customer-level config file includes: the instance (customer) name the DB2 database name arbitrary number of sub-config files, by name Each of the sub-config files defines: filepaths to the directories for ingestion, feedback, backup, and failure those filepaths have a common path to a customer-specific folder, and then one folder for each sub-config file Each of those filepaths needs to be created We need to add this customer instance to our monitoring scripts that confirm the proper processes are running and can be logged into. Of course, those monitoring config files include the instance name, the TCP port, the DB2 database name, etc. There's also a reporting application that needs to be configured for the new instance. You get the idea. There's also XML that is loaded into WAS by the middleware team. We give them the values for them to plug into the XML - they could very easily hand us the template and we could give them back completed XML.

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