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Search found 4532 results on 182 pages for 'category theory'.

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  • Getting tree construction with ANTLR

    - by prosseek
    As asked and answered in http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2999755/removing-left-recursion-in-antlr , I could remove the left recursion E - E + T|T T - T * F|F F - INT | ( E ) After left recursion removal, I get the following one E - TE' E' - null | + TE' T - FT' T' - null | * FT' Then, how to make the tree construction with the modified grammar? With the input 1+2, I want to have a tree ^('+' ^(INT 1) ^(INT 2)). Or similar. grammar T; options { output=AST; language=Python; ASTLabelType=CommonTree; } start : e - e ; e : t ep - ??? ; ep : | '+' t ep - ??? ; t : f tp - ??? ; tp : | '*' f tp - ??? ; f : INT | '(' e ')' - e ; INT : '0'..'9'+ ; WS: (' '|'\n'|'\r')+ {$channel=HIDDEN;} ;

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  • Fast path cache generation for a connected node graph

    - by Sukasa
    I'm trying to get a faster pathfinding mechanism in place in a game I'm working on for a connected node graph. The nodes are classed into two types, "Networks" and "Routers." In this picture, the blue circles represent routers and the grey rectangles networks. Each network keeps a list of which routers it is connected to, and vice-versa. Routers cannot connect directly to other routers, and networks cannot connect directly to other networks. Networks list which routers they're connected to Routers do the same I need to get an algorithm that will map out a path, measured in the number of networks crossed, for each possible source and destination network excluding paths where the source and destination are the same network. I have one right now, however it is unusably slow, taking about two seconds to map the paths, which becomes incredibly noticeable for all connected players. The current algorithm is a depth-first brute-force search (It was thrown together in about an hour to just get the path caching working) which returns an array of networks in the order they are traversed, which explains why it's so slow. Are there any algorithms that are more efficient? As a side note, while these example graphs have four networks, the in-practice graphs have 55 networks and about 20 routers in use. Paths which are not possible also can occur, and as well at any time the network/router graph topography can change, requiring the path cache to be rebuilt. What approach/algorithm would likely provide the best results for this type of a graph?

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  • Nested loop with dependent bounds trip count

    - by aaa
    hello. just out of curiosity I tried to do the following, which turned out to be not so obvious to me; Suppose I have nested loops with runtime bounds, for example: t = 0 // trip count for l in 0:N for k in 0:N for j in max(l,k):N for i in k:j+1 t += 1 t is loop trip count is there a general algorithm/way (better than N^4 obviously) to calculate loop trip count? I am working on the assumption that the iteration bounds depend only on constant or previous loop variables.

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  • Purpose of singletons in programming

    - by thecoshman
    This is admittedly a rather loose question. My current understanding of singletons is that they are a class that you set up in such a way that only one instance is ever created. This sounds a lot like a static class to me. The main differnce being that with a static class you don't / can't instance it, you just use it such as Math.pi(). With a singletong class, you would still need to do something like singleton mySingleton = new singleton(); mysingleton.set_name("foo"); singleton otherSingleton = new singleton(); // correct me if i am wrong, but mysingleton == othersingleton right now, yes? // this the following should happen? otherSingleston.set_name("bar"); mysingleton.report_name(); // will output "bar" won't it? Please note, I am asking this language independently, more about the concept. So I am not so worried about actually how to coed such a class, but more why you would wan't to and what thing you would need to consider.

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  • Why should "miter" joints be slower than others?

    - by Hanno Fietz
    I'm having a graphics problem on drawing lines in Flash Player, where two lines drawn on top of each other with different thickness don't align properly if I use any other JointStyle than MITER. For pictures of the effect, and for the graphics oriented part of the question, see my post over on doctype. However, there's also a second angle on this problem, which is: why should drawing the "mitered" joints be so much slower than others? This seems to be a problem since at least FP 8, but I couldn't find any detailed info on what the problem might be. Is this just an ordinary bug that didn't get fixed yet, or is there something inherently slower about drawing these joints? For example, they seem to have something to do with square roots, but I seriously lack understanding of what this joint style thing is all about, technically. It just looks like some minor detail a graphic designer might worry about. I'm asking because I'm wondering if I can do something to mitergate, er, mitigate, the problem.

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  • Using a user-defined type as a primary key

    - by Chris Kaminski
    Suppose I have a system where I have metadata such as: table: ====== key name address ... Then suppose I have a user-defined type described as so: datasource datasource-key A) are there systems where it's possible to have keys based on user-defined types? B) if so, how do you decompose the keys into a form suitable for querying? C) is this a case where I'm just better off with a composite primary key?

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  • Is a server an infinite loop running as a background process?

    - by Tony
    Is a server essentially a background process running an infinite loop listening on a port? For example: while(1){ command = read(127.0.0.1:xxxx); if(command){ execute(command); } } When I say server, I obviously am not referring to a physical server (computer). I am referring to a MySQL server, or Apache, etc. Full disclosure - I haven't had time to poke through any source code. Actual code examples would be great!

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  • do you call them functions, procedures or methods?

    - by lowlyintern
    consider a standard c# 'function' public void foo() { //some code } In c or c++ this is called a 'function' - even if taking no parameters and returning no value. In another language maybe it would be a 'procedure'. In object orientation speak it would be called a 'method' if a class member. What would be the correct term to use in c#?

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  • Will a source-removal sort always return a maximal cycle?

    - by Jason Baker
    I wrote a source-removal algorithm to sort some dependencies between tables in our database, and it turns out we have a cycle. For simplicity, let's say we have tables A, B, C, and D. The edges are like this: (A, B) (B, A) (B, C) (C, D) (D, A) As you can see, there are two cycles here. One is between A and B and another is between all four of them. Will this type of sort always choke on the largest cycle? Or is that not necessarily the case?

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  • Parsing XML with XPath in Java

    - by Mg
    I have a XML with a structure similar to this: <category> <subCategoryList> <category> </category> <category> <!--and so on --> </category> </subCategoryList> </category> I have a Category class that has a subcategory list (List<Category>). I'm trying to parse this XML file with XPath, but I can't get the child categories of a category. How can I do this with XPath? is there a better way to do this? Thanks in advance.

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  • What areas of computer science are particularly relevant to mobile development?

    - by MalcomTucker
    This isn't a platform specific question - rather I'm interested in the general platform independent areas of computer science that are particularly relevant to mobile applications development. For example, things like compression techniques, distributed synchronisation algorithims etc.. what theoretical concepts have you found relevant, useful or enabling when building mobile apps?

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  • Floating point computer - Trouble with getting back correct results

    - by Francisco P.
    Having trouble with a challenge. Let's say I have a theoretical, base 10, floating point calculator with the following characteristics Only 3 digits for mantissa 1 digit for exponent Sign for mantissa and exponent How would this machine compute the following? 300 + \sum_{i=1}^{100} 0.2 The correct result is 320. The machine's result is 300. But why? Can't get where the 20 goes goes missing... Thanks for your time.

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  • The Cash or Credit problem

    - by Josh K
    If you go to a store and ask "Cash or Credit?" they might simply say "Yes." This doesn't tell you anything as you posed an OR statement. if(cash || credit) With humans it's possible that they might respond "Both" to that question, or "Only {cash | credit}." Is there a way (or operator) to force the a statement to return the TRUE portions of a statement? For example: boolean cash = true; boolean credit = true; boolean cheque = false; if(cash || credit || cheque ) { // In here you would have an array with cash and credit in it because both of those are true }

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  • Weakly connected balanced digraph

    - by user1074557
    How can I prove that if a balanced digraph is weakly connected, then it is also strongly connected? (balanced digraph means that for every node, it's indegree and outdegree is the same and weakly connected means the non-directed version of this graph is connected). What I can think of so far is: if the graph is balanced, it means it is a union of directed cycles. So if I remove any cycle, it will stay balanced. Also each vertex in the cycle has one edge coming into it and one edge leading out of it.. Then I guess I need to use some contradiction or induction to prove that the graph is strongly connected.. That's where I confused.

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  • DropDownList and ViewData

    - by Petko Xyz
    In my controller I have: Category x = new Category(1, "prva", 0); Category y = new Category(2, "vtora", 1); Category z = new Category(3, "treta", 1); List<Category> categories = new List<Category>(); categories.Add(x); categories.Add(y); categories.Add(z); ViewData["categories"] = categories; And in my view I have: <%= Html.DropDownList("categories")%> But I have an error: The ViewData item that has the key 'categories' is of type 'System.Collections.Generic.List`1[[Category, MvcApplication1, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null]]' but must be of type 'IEnumerable'. Uggggghhh how to resolve this?

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  • Custom ViewModel with MVC 2 Strongly Typed HTML Helpers return null object on Create ?

    - by Barbaros Alp
    Hi, I am having a trouble while trying to create an entity with a custom view modeled create form. Below is my custom view model for Category Creation form. public class CategoryFormViewModel { public CategoryFormViewModel(Category category, string actionTitle) { Category = category; ActionTitle = actionTitle; } public Category Category { get; private set; } public string ActionTitle { get; private set; } } and this is my user control where the UI is <%@ Control Language="C#" Inherits="System.Web.Mvc.ViewUserControl<CategoryFormViewModel>" %> <h2> <span><%= Html.Encode(Model.ActionTitle) %></span> </h2> <%=Html.ValidationSummary() %> <% using (Html.BeginForm()) {%> <p> <span class="bold block">Baslik:</span> <%=Html.TextBoxFor(model => Model.Category.Title, new { @class = "width80 txt-base" })%> </p> <p> <span class="bold block">Sira Numarasi:</span> <%=Html.TextBoxFor(model => Model.Category.OrderNo, new { @class = "width10 txt-base" })%> </p> <p> <input type="submit" class="btn-admin cursorPointer" value="Save" /> </p> <% } %> When i click on save button, it doesnt bind the category for me because of i am using custom view model and strongly typed html helpers like that <%=Html.TextBoxFor(model => Model.Category.OrderNo) %> How can i fix this ? Thanks in advance

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  • MonoRail ActiveRecord - The UPDATE statement conflicted with the FOREIGN KEY SAME TABLE

    - by Justin
    Hey all, I'm new to MonoRail and ActiveRecord and have inherited an application that I need to modify. I have a Category table (Id, Name) and I'm adding a ParentId FK which references the Id in the same table so that you can have parent/child category relationships. I tried adding this to my Category model class: [Property] public int ParentId { get; set; } I also tried doing it this way: [BelongsTo("ParentId")] public Category Parent { get; set; } When I call a method to get all parent categories (they have a null ParentId), it works fine: public static Category[] GetParentCategories() { var criteria = DetachedCriteria.For<Core.Models.Category>(); return (FindAllByProperty("ParentId", null)); } However, when I call a method to get all child categories within a specific category, it errors out: public static Category[] GetChildCategories(int parentId) { var criteria = DetachedCriteria.For<Core.Models.Category>(); return (FindAllByProperty("ParentId", parentId)); } The error is: "The UPDATE statement conflicted with the FOREIGN KEY SAME TABLE constraint \"FK_Category_ParentId\". The conflict occurred in database \"UCampus\", table \"dbo.Category\", column 'Id'.\r\nThe statement has been terminated." I'm hard-coding in the parentId parameter as 1 and I'm 100% sure it exists as an id in the Category table so I don't know why it'd give this error. Also, I'm doing a select, not an update, so what is going on here?? Thanks for any input on this, Justin

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  • two controllers in one layout, rails 3

    - by Grizlord
    Okay, I have two models, a recipe model and a category model. In my layout(application.html.erb) I have a main container div that "yields" the recipes index action. I'm trying to list all the category names as links in a side bar(also a div) by iterating over them in an unordered list. When you click one of the links it will go to the category show page which will then list all the recipes in that category. Here is how I'm trying to list the links in - <div class="container" id="categories"> <% for category in @categories %> <ul> <li><%= link_to category.name, category %></li> </ul> <% end %> </div> The problem is I get a NoMethodError - You have a nil object when you didn't expect it! You might have expected an instance of Array. The error occurred while evaluating nil.each It is not retrieving the records from the model. Any suggestions on how to get this done would be greatly appreciated. I tried to render a partial as some of the other similar posts have said but still get the same error. This is the exact error - NoMethodError in Recipes#index Showing /Users/grizlord/Rails/recipe2/app/views/layouts/application.html.erb where line #39 raised: You have a nil object when you didn't expect it! You might have expected an instance of Array. The error occurred while evaluating nil.each Extracted source (around line #39): 36: </div> 37: <div class="container" id="categories"> 38: Browse by Category 39: <% for category in @categories %> 40: <ul> 41: <li><%= link_to category.name, category %></li> 42: </ul>

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  • Fluent / NHibernate Collections of the same class

    - by Charlie Brown
    I am new to NHibernate and I am having trouble mapping the following relationships within this class. public class Category : IAuditable { public virtual int Id { get; set; } public virtual string Name{ get; set; } public virtual Category ParentCategory { get; set; } public virtual IList<Category> SubCategories { get; set; } public Category() { this.Name = string.Empty; this.SubCategories = new List<Category>(); } } Class Maps (although, these are practically guesses) public class CategoryMap : ClassMap<Category> { public CategoryMap() { Id(x => x.Id); Map(x => x.Name); References(x => x.ParentCategory) .Nullable() .Not.LazyLoad(); HasMany(x => x.SubCategories) .Cascade.All(); } } Each Category may have a parent category, some Categories have many subCategories, etc, etc I can get the Category to Save correctly (correct subcategories and parent category fk exist in the database) but when loading, it returns itself as the parent category. I am using Fluent for the class mapping, but if someone could point me in the right direction for just plain NHibernate that would work as well.

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  • Mixing has_one and has_and_belongs_to_many associations

    - by Thomas
    I'm trying to build a database of urls(links). I have a Category model that has and belongs to many Links. Here's the migration I ran: class CreateLinksCategories < ActiveRecord::Migration def self.up create_table :links_categories, :id => false do |t| t.references :link t.references :category end end def self.down drop_table :links_categories end end Here's the Link model: class Link < ActiveRecord::Base validates :path, :presence => true, :format => { :with => /^(#{URI::regexp(%w(http https))})$|^$/ } validates :name, :presence => true has_one :category end Here's the category model: class Category < ActiveRecord::Base has_and_belongs_to_many :links end And here's the error the console kicked back when I tried to associate the first link with the first category: >>link = Link.first => #<Link id: 1, path: "http://www.yahoo.com", created_at: "2011-01-10... >>category = Category.first => #<category id : 1, name: "News Site", created_at: "2011-01-11... >>link.category << category => ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid: SQLite3::Exception: no such column : categories.link_id: Are my associations wrong or am I missing something in the database? I expected it to find the links_categories table. Any help is appreciated.

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