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  • Python: Hack to call a method on an object that isn't of its class

    - by cool-RR
    Assume you define a class, which has a method which does some complicated processing: class A(object): def my_method(self): # Some complicated processing is done here return self And now you want to use that method on some object from another class entirely. Like, you want to do A.my_method(7). This is what you'd get: TypeError: unbound method my_method() must be called with A instance as first argument (got int instance instead). Now, is there any possibility to hack things so you could call that method on 7? I'd want to avoid moving the function or rewriting it. (Note that the method's logic does depend on self.) One note: I know that some people will want to say, "You're doing it wrong! You're abusing Python! You shouldn't do it!" So yes, I know, this is a terrible terrible thing I want to do. I'm asking if someone knows how to do it, not how to preach to me that I shouldn't do it.

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  • C++: Create abstract class with abstract method and override the method in a subclass

    - by Martijn Courteaux
    Hi, How to create in C++ an abstract class with some abstract methods that I want to override in a subclass? How should the .h file look? Is there a .cpp, if so how should it look? In Java it would look like this: abstract class GameObject { public abstract void update(); public abstract void paint(Graphics g); } class Player extends GameObject { @Override public void update() { // ... } @Override public void paint(Graphics g) { // ... } } // In my game loop: for (int i = 0; i < objects.size(); i++) { objects.get(i).update(); } for (int i = 0; i < objects.size(); i++) { objects.get(i).paint(g); } Translating this code to C++ is enough for me.

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  • Trouble Copying custom class initialization

    - by Parad0x13
    I have a custom class of type NSObject that contains a single NSMutableArray. This class is called Mutable2DArray and is designed to emulate a 2 dimensional array of type NSMutableArray. There is a custom init method - (id)initWithX:(int)x Y:(int)y that asks for the dimensions for the array and allocates the required arrays within the only array the class owns. My issue is when I try to copy an instance of Mutable2DArray I get an error saying the copyWithZone is an unrecognized selector. I thought copy was a base method of NSObject so I'm confused why I cant create a copy of the instance like this: Mutable2DArray *Array1 = [[Mutable2DArray alloc] initWithX:10 Y:10]; Mutable2DArray *Array2 = [Array1 copy]; Am I missing something so obvious here?

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  • Confused about Base class libary and Framework Class Library

    - by n0vic3c0d3r
    Is ADO.NET and ASP.NET a part of Base Class Library? The information given in wikipedia looks ambiguous to me. In the figure, it is shown as a separate block. What is the difference between Base Class Library(BCL) and Framework Class Library(FCL)? Is FCL as a part of .NET Framework? If so why is FCL not shown in the figure as part of .NET framework? Got confused!!

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  • Defining private static class member

    - by mnn
    class B { /* ... */ }; class A { public: A() { obj = NULL; } private: static B* obj; }; However this produces huge mass of linker errors that symbol obj is unresolved. What's the "correct" way to have such private static class member without these linker errors? Edit: I tried this: B *A::obj = NULL; but I got about same amount of linker errors however this time about already defining A::obj. (LNK2005). Also I get LNK4006 warnings, also about A::obj

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  • Using control from a separate class in C#

    - by DazSlayer
    I have a program that dynamically creates controls when it starts, it works just fine when the code to do this is in the class of the actual form. I tried moving the code to a separate class and found that I could not use Controls.Add(). How can I add controls to the Form from a separate class? This is what I have so far: TextBox txtbx = new TextBox(); txtbx.Text = "asd" + x.ToString(); txtbx.Name = "txtbx" + x.ToString(); txtbx.Location = new Point(10, (20 * x)); txtbx.Height = 20; txtbx.Width = 50; Controls.Add(txtbx); Error 1 The name 'Controls' does not exist in the current context

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  • C# cross class enum visibility - Possible?

    - by 537mfb
    so i have a class ClassA that contains an enum MyEnum, and a class ClassB that references that class (different Projects) and so in ClassB i have a using ClassA; clause and i can access that enum using something like MyEnum value = MyEnum.EnumValue; Now on a third project i have my Windows form and it has a clause like using ClassB; Now what can i add in ClassB to acess that enum on my windows Form? Is it even Possible? i would like to avoid having to add ClassA to my form just to access an enum. The idea is that ClassB is sort of a manager between my form and the functionality in ClassA - but i would like to get access to that enum as it makes a lot of tasks easier

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  • Static member object of a class in the same class

    - by Luv
    Suppose we have a class as class Egg { static Egg e; int i; Egg(int ii):i(ii) {} Egg(const Egg &); //Prevents copy-constructor to be called public: static Egg* instance() {return &e} }; Egg Egg::e(47); This code guarantees that we cannot create any object, but could use only the static object. But how could we declare static object of the same class in the class. And also one thing more since e is a static object, and static objects can call only static member functions, so how could the constructor been called here for static object e, also its constructors are private.

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  • Converting a PHP array to class variables.

    - by animuson
    Simple question, how do I convert an associative array to variables in a class? I know there is casting to do an (object) $myarray or whatever it is, but that will create a new stdClass and doesn't help me much. Are there any easy one or two line methods to make each $key => $value pair in my array into a $key = $value variable for my class? I don't find it very logical to use a foreach loop for this, I'd be better off just converting it to a stdClass and storing that in a variable, wouldn't I? class MyClass { var $myvar; // I want variables like this, so they can be references as $this->myvar function __construct($myarray) { // a function to put my array into variables } }

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  • Difference between var and Class class in object creation

    - by Divine
    Its a silly question, however shocked to see different behaviors. Learning a lot. Lets say I have two classes below Class A { public void Display() { } } Class B : A { public void Display() { } } Class C : B { public void Display() { } } Class Final { static void Main() { var c = new C(); // B c = new C(); //My doubt is, both of the above gives different results. May I know B c = new C() creates object of B or C? What I understood is, it creates object of B. Then why we say "new C()"? I agree with C c = new C(); But I thought, B b = new C(); creates object of B. Where we use this style? Only when utilizing runtime polymorphism? (Overriding methods)? } }

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  • What is the best design to this class?

    - by HPT
    assume this class: public class Logger { static TextWriter fs = null; public Logger(string path) { fs = File.CreateText(path); } public static void Log(Exception ex) { ///do logging } public static void Log(string text) { ///do logging } } and I have to use this like: Logger log = new Logger(path); and then use Logger.Log() to log what I want. the question is: is this a good design? to instantiate a class and then always call it's static method? any suggestion yield in better design is appreciated.

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  • Problem with default member functions of class in C++ (constructor, destructor, operator=, copy cons

    - by Narek
    We know that compiler generates some member functions for user-defined class if that member functions are not defined but used, isn't it. So I have this kind of code: class AA { }; void main() { AA a; AA b(a); a = b; } This code works fine. I mean no compiler error. But the following code.... class AA { int member1; int member2; }; But this code gives an run time error, because variable "a" is used without being iniltialized!!! So my question is this: when we instantiate an int, it has a value. So why the default constructer doesn't work and by using those two int numbers initializes variable "a"??

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  • PHP Variable from extended class

    - by Ste
    I cant retrieve var from parent class: class core { var $variable; var $test; function __construct() {} public function setVar($var) $this->variable = $var; } } class test extends core { public function getVar() { return $this->variable; //also if i echo here i can't see !!!! } } $core = new core(); $core->test = new test(); print $core->test->getVar(); Any help??

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  • How to use prepared statements (named parameters) on a php Class

    - by Mohamed Adib Errifai
    This is my first post here. I've searched in the site, but inforutunaly no matchs. Anyway, i want to know how to use named parameters on a class. so the pdo basic form is something like. $query = $bdd->prepare('SELECT * FROM table WHERE login = :login AND pww = :pww'); $query->execute(array('login' => $login, 'pww' => $pww)); and i want to integrate this on a class regardless of the number of parameters. Currently, i have this code http://pastebin.com/kKgSkaKt and for parameters, i use somethings like ( which is wrong and vulnerable to injection ) require_once 'classes/Mysql.class.php'; $mysql = new Mysql(); $sql = 'SELECT * FROM articles WHERE id = '.$_GET['id'].' LIMIT 1'; $data = $mysql->select($sql); And Thanks.

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  • how to create a dynamic class at runtime in Java

    - by Mrityunjay
    hi, is it possible to create a new java file from existing java file after changing some of its attributes at runtime?? Suppose i have a java file pubic class Student{ private int rollNo; private String name; // getters and setters // constructor } is it possible to create something like this, provided that rollNo is key element for the table.. public class Student { private StudentKey key; private String name; //getters and setters //constructor } public class StudentKey { private int rollNo; // getters and setters // construcotors } please help..

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  • Implementation of interface when using child class of a parent class in method of interface

    - by dotnetdev
    I don't have access to my dev environment, but when I write the below: interface IExample void Test (HtmlControl ctrl); class Example : IExample { public void Test (HtmlTextArea area) { } I get an error stating the methods in the class implementation don't match the interface - so this is not possible. HtmlTextArea is a child class of HtmlControl, is there no way this is possible? I tried with .NET 3.5, but .NET 4.0 may be different (I am interested in any solution with either framework). Thanks

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  • Create a class that inherets DrawableGameComponent in XNA as a CLASS with custom functions

    - by user3675013
    using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Media; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; namespace TileEngine { class Renderer : DrawableGameComponent { public Renderer(Game game) : base(game) { } SpriteBatch spriteBatch ; protected override void LoadContent() { base.LoadContent(); } public override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { base.Draw(gameTime); } public override void Update(GameTime gameTime) { base.Update(gameTime); } public override void Initialize() { base.Initialize(); } public RenderTarget2D new_texture(int width, int height) { Texture2D TEX = new Texture2D(GraphicsDevice, width, height); //create the texture to render to RenderTarget2D Mine = new RenderTarget2D(GraphicsDevice, width, height); GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(Mine); //set the render device to the reference provided //maybe base.draw can be used with spritebatch. Idk. We'll see if the order of operation //works out. Wish I could call base.draw here. return Mine; //I'm hoping that this returns the same instance and not a copy. } public void draw_texture(int width, int height, RenderTarget2D Mine) { GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null); //Set the renderer to render to the backbuffer again Rectangle drawrect = new Rectangle(0, 0, width, height); //Set the rendering size to what we want spriteBatch.Begin(); //This uses spritebatch to draw the texture directly to the screen spriteBatch.Draw(Mine, drawrect, Color.White); //This uses the color white spriteBatch.End(); //ends the spritebatch //Call base.draw after this since it doesn't seem to recognize inside the function //maybe base.draw can be used with spritebatch. Idk. We'll see if the order of operation //works out. Wish I could call base.draw here. } } } I solved a previous issue where I wasn't allowed to access GraphicsDevice outside the main Default 'main' class Ie "Game" or "Game1" etc. Now I have a new issue. FYi no one told me that it would be possible to use GraphicsDevice References to cause it to not be null by using the drawable class. (hopefully after this last bug is solved it doesn't still return null) Anyways at present the problem is that I can't seem to get it to initialize as an instance in my main program. Ie Renderer tileClipping; and I'm unable to use it such as it is to be noted i haven't even gotten to testing these two steps below but before it compiled but when those functions of this class were called it complained that it can't render to a null device. Which meant that the device wasn't being initialized. I had no idea why. It took me hours to google this. I finally figured out the words I needed.. which were "do my rendering in XNA in a seperate class" now I haven't used the addcomponent function because I don't want it to only run these functions automatically and I want to be able to call the custom ones. In a nutshell what I want is: *access to rendering targets and graphics device OUTSIDE default class *passing of Rendertarget2D (which contain textures and textures should automatically be passed with a rendering target? ) *the device should be passed to this function as well OR the device should be passed to this function as a byproduct of passing the rendertarget (which is automatically associated with the render device it was given originally) *I'm assuming I'm dealing with abstracted pointers here so when I pass a class object or instance, I should be recieving the SAME object , I referenced, and not a copy that has only the lifespan of the function running. *the purpose for all these options: I want to initialize new 2d textures on the fly to customize tileclipping and even the X , y Offsets of where a WHOLE texture will be rendered, and the X and Y offsets of where tiles will be rendered ON that surface. This is why. And I'll be doing region based lighting effects per tile or even per 8X8 pixel spaces.. we'll see I'll also be doing sprite rotations on the whole texture then copying it again to a circular masked texture, and then doing a second copy for only solid tiles for masked rotated collisions on sprites. I'll be checking the masked pixels for my collision, and using raycasting possibly to check for collisions on those areas. The sprite will stay in the center, when this rotation happens. Here is a detailed diagram: http://i.stack.imgur.com/INf9K.gif I'll be using texture2D for steps 4-6 I suppose for steps 1 as well. Now ontop of that, the clipping size (IE the sqaure rendered) will be able to be shrunk or increased, on a per frame basis Therefore I can't use the same static size for my main texture2d and I can't use just the backbuffer Or we get the annoying flicker. Also I will have multiple instances of the renderer class so that I can freely pass textures around as if they are playing cards (in a sense) layering them ontop of eachother, cropping them how i want and such. and then using spritebatch to simply draw them at the locations I want. Hopefully this makes sense, and yes I will be planning on using alpha blending but only after all tiles have been drawn.. The masked collision is important and Yes I am avoiding using math on the tile rendering and instead resorting to image manipulation in video memory which is WHY I need this to work the way I'm intending it to work and not in the default way that XNA seems to handle graphics. Thanks to anyone willing to help. I hate the code form offered, because then I have to rely on static presence of an update function. What if I want to kill that update function or that object, but have it in memory, but just have it temporarily inactive? I'm making the assumption here the update function of one of these gamecomponents is automatic ? Anyways this is as detailed as I can make this post hopefully someone can help me solve the issue. Instead of tell me "derrr don't do it this wayyy" which is what a few people told me (but they don't understand the actual goal I have in mind) I'm trying to create basically a library where I can copy images freely no matter the size, i just have to specify the size in the function then as long as a reference to that object exists it should be kept alive? right? :/ anyways.. Anything else? I Don't know. I understand object oriented coding but I don't understand this XNA It's beggining to feel impossible to do anything custom in it without putting ALL my rendering code into the draw function of the main class tileClipping.new_texture(GraphicsDevice, width, height) tileClipping.Draw_texture(...)

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  • C# Function Inheritance--Use Child Class Vars with Base Class Function

    - by Sean O'Connor
    Good day, I have a fairly simple question to experienced C# programmers. Basically, I would like to have an abstract base class that contains a function that relies on the values of child classes. I have tried code similar to the following, but the compiler complains that SomeVariable is null when SomeFunction() attempts to use it. Base class: public abstract class BaseClass { protected virtual SomeType SomeVariable; public BaseClass() { this.SomeFunction(); } protected void SomeFunction() { //DO SOMETHING WITH SomeVariable } } A child class: public class ChildClass:BaseClass { protected override SomeType SomeVariable=SomeValue; } Now I would expect that when I do: ChildClass CC=new ChildClass(); A new instance of ChildClass should be made and CC would run its inherited SomeFunction using SomeValue. However, this is not what happens. The compiler complains that SomeVariable is null in BaseClass. Is what I want to do even possible in C#? I have used other managed languages that allow me to do such things, so I certain I am just making a simple mistake here. Any help is greatly appreciated, thank you.

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  • Create object of unknown class (two inherited classes)

    - by Paul
    I've got the following classes: class A { void commonFunction() = 0; } class Aa: public A { //Some stuff... } class Ab: public A { //Some stuff... } Depending on user input I want to create an object of either Aa or Ab. My imidiate thought was this: A object; if (/*Test*/) { Aa object; } else { Ab object; } But the compiler gives me: error: cannot declare variable ‘object’ to be of abstract type ‘A’ because the following virtual functions are pure within ‘A’: //The functions... Is there a good way to solve this?

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  • Python Class Variables Question

    - by zyq524
    I have some doubt about python's class variables. As my understanding, if I define a class variable, which is declared outside the init() function, this variable will create only once as a static variable in C++. This seems right for some python types, for instance, dict and list type, but for those base type, e.g. int,float, is not the same. For example: class A: dict1={} list1=list() int1=3 def add_stuff(self, k, v): self.dict1[k]=v self.list1.append(k) self.int1=k def print_stuff(self): print self.dict1,self.list1,self.int1 a1 = A() a1.add_stuff(1, 2) a1.print_stuff() a2=A() a2.print_stuff() The output is: {1: 2} [1] 1 {1: 2} [1] 3 I understand the results of dict1 and list1, but why does int1 behavior different?

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  • OBJ-C - Getting a class name from a class hierarchy

    - by mmmilo
    Let's say I have the following headers: @interface SuperClass : NSObject @interface SubClass : SuperClass I'm alloc'ing an instance of the class by doing: SubClass *sc = [[SubClass alloc] init]; In my SuperClass.m: - (id) init { self = [super init]; if (self != nil) { NSString *cString = NSStringFromClass([self class]); } return self; } Simple, right? My question is: how can I get cString to return the SuperClass class, rather than the SubClass class? Since the SubClass is alloc'd/init'd, is this not possible? Thanks!

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  • ActionScript Custom Class With Return Type?

    - by TheDarkIn1978
    i just know this is a dumb question, so excuse me in advance. i want to essentially classify a simple function in it's own .as file. the function compares integers. but i don't know how to call the class and receive a boolean return. here's my class package { public class CompareInts { public function CompareInts(small:int, big:int) { compare(small, big); } private function compare(small:int, big:int):Boolean { if (small < big) return true; else return false; } } } so now i'd like to write something like this: if (CompareInts(1, 5) == true). or output 'true' by writing trace(CompareInts(1, 5));

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