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• Developing Mobile Applications: Web, Native, or Hybrid?

  - by Michelle Kimihira

  Authors: Joe Huang, Senior Principal Product Manager, Oracle Mobile Application Development Framework  and Carlos Chang, Senior Principal Product Director The proliferation of mobile devices and platforms represents a game-changing technology shift on a number of levels. Companies must decide not only the best strategic use of mobile platforms, but also how to most efficiently implement them. Inevitably, this conversation devolves to the developers, who face the task of developing and supporting mobile applications—not a simple task in light of the number of devices and platforms. Essentially, developers can choose from the following three different application approaches, each with its own set of pros and cons. Native Applications: This refers to apps built for and installed on a specific platform, such as iOS or Android, using a platform-specific software development kit (SDK).  For example, apps for Apple’s iPhone and iPad are designed to run specifically on iOS and are written in Xcode/Objective-C. Android has its own variation of Java, Windows uses C#, and so on.  Native apps written for one platform cannot be deployed on another. Native apps offer fast performance and access to native-device services but require additional resources to develop and maintain each platform, which can be expensive and time consuming. Mobile Web Applications: Unlike native apps, mobile web apps are not installed on the device; rather, they are accessed via a Web browser.  These are server-side applications that render HTML, typically adjusting the design depending on the type of device making the request.  There are no program coding constraints for writing server-side apps—they can be written in Java, C, PHP, etc., it doesn’t matter.  Instead, the server detects what type of mobile browser is pinging the server and adjusts accordingly. For example, it can deliver fully JavaScript and CSS-enabled content to smartphone browsers, while downgrading gracefully to basic HTML for feature phone browsers. Mobile apps work across platforms, but are limited to what you can do through a browser and require Internet connectivity. For certain types of applications, these constraints may not be an issue. Oracle supports mobile web applications via ADF Faces (for tablets) and ADF Mobile browser (Trinidad) for smartphone and feature phones. Hybrid Applications: As the name implies, hybrid apps combine technologies from native and mobile Web apps to gain the benefits each. For example, these apps are installed on a device, like their pure native app counterparts, while the user interface (UI) is based on HTML5.  This UI runs locally within the native container, which usually leverages the device’s browser engine.  The advantage of using HTML5 is a consistent, cross-platform UI that works well on most devices.  Combining this with the native container, which is installed on-device, provides mobile users with access to local device services, such as camera, GPS, and local device storage.  Native apps may offer greater flexibility in integrating with device native services.  However, since hybrid applications already provide device integrations that typical enterprise applications need, this is typically less of an issue.  The new Oracle ADF Mobile release is an HTML5 and Java hybrid framework that targets mobile app development to iOS and Android from one code base. So, Which is the Best Approach? The short answer is – the best choice depends on the type of application you are developing.  For instance, animation-intensive apps such as games would favor native apps, while hybrid applications may be better suited for enterprise mobile apps because they provide multi-platform support. Just for starters, the following issues must be considered when choosing a development path. Application Complexity: How complex is the application? A quick app that accesses a database or Web service for some data to display?  You can keep it simple, and a mobile Web app may suffice. However, for a mobile/field worker type of applications that supports mission critical functionality, hybrid or native applications are typically needed. Richness of User Interactivity: What type of user experience is required for the application?  Mobile browser-based app that’s optimized for mobile UI may suffice for quick lookup or productivity type of applications.  However, hybrid/native application would typically be required to deliver highly interactive user experiences needed for field-worker type of applications.  For example, interactive BI charts/graphs, maps, voice/email integration, etc.  In the most extreme case like gaming applications, native applications may be necessary to deliver the highly animated and graphically intensive user experience. Performance: What type of performance is required by the application functionality?  For instance, for real-time look up of data over the network, mobile app performance depends on network latency and server infrastructure capabilities.  If consistent performance is required, data would typically need to be cached, which is supported on hybrid or native applications only. Connectivity and Availability: What sort of connectivity will your application require? Does the app require Web access all the time in order to always retrieve the latest data from the server? Or do the requirements dictate offline support? While native and hybrid apps can be built to operate offline, Web mobile apps require Web connectivity. Multi-platform Requirements: The terms “consumerization of IT” and BYOD (bring your own device) effectively mean that the line between the consumer and the enterprise devices have become blurred. Employees are bringing their personal mobile devices to work and are often expecting that they work in the corporate network and access back-office applications.  Even if companies restrict access to the big dogs: (iPad, iPhone, Android phones and tablets, possibly Windows Phone and tablets), trying to support each platform natively will require increasing resources and domain expertise with each new language/platform. And let’s not forget the maintenance costs, involved in upgrading new versions of each platform.   Where multi-platform support is needed, Web mobile or hybrid apps probably have the advantage. Going native, and trying to support multiple operating systems may be cost prohibitive with existing resources and developer skills. Device-Services Access:  If your app needs to access local device services, such as the camera, contacts app, accelerometer, etc., then your choices are limited to native or hybrid applications.   Fragmentation: Apple controls Apple iOS and the only concern is what version iOS is running on any given device.   Not so Android, which is open source. There are many, many versions and variants of Android running on different devices, which can be a nightmare for app developers trying to support different devices running different flavors of Android.  (Is it an Amazon Kindle Fire? a Samsung Galaxy?  A Barnes & Noble Nook?) This is a nightmare scenario for native apps—on the other hand, a mobile Web or hybrid app, when properly designed, can shield you from these complexities because they are based on common frameworks.  Resources: How many developers can you dedicate to building and supporting mobile application development?  What are their existing skills sets?  If you’re considering native application development due to the complexity of the application under development, factor the costs of becoming proficient on a each platform’s OS and programming language. Add another platform, and that’s another language, another SDK. On the other side of the equation, Web mobile or hybrid applications are simpler to make, and readily support more platforms, but there may be performance trade-offs. Conclusion This only scratches the surface. However, I hope to have suggested some food for thought in choosing your mobile development strategy.  Do your due diligence, search the Web, read up on mobile, talk to peers, attend events. The development team at Oracle is working hard on mobile technologies to help customers extend enterprise applications to mobile faster and effectively.  To learn more on what Oracle has to offer, check out the Oracle ADF Mobile (hybrid) and ADF Faces/ADF Mobile browser (Web Mobile) solutions from Oracle.   Additional Information Blog: ADF Blog Product Information on OTN: ADF Mobile Product Information on Oracle.com: Oracle Fusion Middleware Follow us on Twitter and Facebook Subscribe to our regular Fusion Middleware Newsletter

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• Building an Infrastructure Cloud with Oracle VM for x86 + Enterprise Manager 12c

  - by Richard Rotter

  Cloud Computing? Everyone is talking about Cloud these days. Everyone is explaining how the cloud will help you to bring your service up and running very fast, secure and with little effort. You can find these kinds of presentations at almost every event around the globe. But what is really behind all this stuff? Is it really so simple? And the answer is: Yes it is! With the Oracle SW Stack it is! In this post, I will try to bring this down to earth, demonstrating how easy it could be to build a cloud infrastructure with Oracle's solution for cloud computing.But let me cover some basics first: How fast can you build a cloud?How elastic is your cloud so you can provide new services on demand? How much effort does it take to monitor and operate your Cloud Infrastructure in order to meet your SLAs?How easy is it to chargeback for your services provided? These are the critical success factors of Cloud Computing. And Oracle has an answer to all those questions. By using Oracle VM for X86 in combination with Enterprise Manager 12c you can build and control your cloud environment very fast and easy. What are the fundamental building blocks for your cloud? Oracle Cloud Building Blocks #1 Hardware Surprise, surprise. Even the cloud needs to run somewhere, hence you will need hardware. This HW normally consists of servers, storage and networking. But Oracles goes beyond that. There are Optimized Solutions available for your cloud infrastructure. This is a cookbook to build your HW cloud platform. For example, building your cloud infrastructure with blades and our network infrastructure will reduce complexity in your datacenter (Blades with switch network modules, splitter cables to reduce the amount of cables, TOR (Top Of the Rack) switches which are building the interface to your infrastructure environment. Reducing complexity even in the cabling will help you to manage your environment more efficient and with less risk. Of course, our engineered systems fit into the cloud perfectly too. Although they are considered as a PaaS themselves, having the database SW (for Exadata) and the application development environment (for Exalogic) already deployed on them, in general they are ideal systems to enable you building your own cloud and PaaS infrastructure. #2 Virtualization The next missing link in the cloud setup is virtualization. For me personally, it's one of the most hidden "secret", that oracle can provide you with a complete virtualization stack in terms of a hypervisor on both architectures: X86 and Sparc CPUs. There is Oracle VM for X86 and Oracle VM for Sparc available at no additional  license costs if your are running this virtualization stack on top of Oracle HW (and with Oracle Premier Support for HW). This completes the virtualization portfolio together with Solaris Zones introduced already with Solaris 10 a few years ago. Let me explain how Oracle VM for X86 works: Oracle VM for x86 consists of two main parts: - The Oracle VM Server: Oracle VM Server is installed on bare metal and it is the hypervisor which is able to run virtual machines. It has a very small footprint. The ISO-Image of Oracle VM Server is only 200MB large. It is very small but efficient. You can install a OVM-Server in less than 5 mins by booting the Server with the ISO-Image assigned and providing the necessary configuration parameters (like installing an Linux distribution). After the installation, the OVM-Server is ready to use. That's all. - The Oracle VM-Manager: OVM-Manager is the central management tool where you can control your OVM-Servers. OVM-Manager provides the graphical user interface, which is an Application Development Framework (ADF) application, with a familiar web-browser based interface, to manage Oracle VM Servers, virtual machines, and resources. The Oracle VM Manager has the following capabilities: Create virtual machines Create server pools Power on and off virtual machines Manage networks and storage Import virtual machines, ISO files, and templates Manage high availability of Oracle VM Servers, server pools, and virtual machines Perform live migration of virtual machines I want to highlight one of the goodies which you can use if you are running Oracle VM for X86: Preconfigured, downloadable Virtual Machine Templates form edelivery With these templates, you can download completely preconfigured Virtual Machines in your environment, boot them up, configure them at first time boot and use it. There are templates for almost all Oracle SW and Applications (like Fusion Middleware, Database, Siebel, etc.) available. #3) Cloud Management The management of your cloud infrastructure is key. This is a day-to-day job. Acquiring HW, installing a virtualization layer on top of it is done just at the beginning and if you want to expand your infrastructure. But managing your cloud, keeping it up and running, deploying new services, changing your chargeback model, etc, these are the daily jobs. These jobs must be simple, secure and easy to manage. The Enterprise Manager 12c Cloud provides this functionality from one management cockpit. Enterprise Manager 12c uses Oracle VM Manager to control OVM Serverpools. Once you registered your OVM-Managers in Enterprise Manager, then you are able to setup your cloud infrastructure and manage everything from Enterprise Manager. What you need to do in EM12c is: ">Register your OVM Manager in Enterprise ManagerAfter Registering your OVM Manager, all the functionality of Oracle VM for X86 is also available in Enterprise Manager. Enterprise Manager works as a "Manger" of the Manager. You can register as many OVM-Managers you want and control your complete virtualization environment Create Roles and Users for your Self Service Portal in Enterprise ManagerWith this step you allow users to logon on the Enterprise Manager Self Service Portal. Users can request Virtual Machines in this portal. Setup the Cloud InfrastructureSetup the Quotas for your self service users. How many VMs can they request? How much of your resources ( cpu, memory, storage, network, etc. etc.)? Which SW components (templates, assemblys) can your self service users request? In this step, you basically set up the complete cloud infrastructure. Setup ChargebackOnce your cloud is set up, you need to configure your chargeback mechanism. The Enterprise Manager collects the resources metrics, which are used in a very deep level. Almost all collected Metrics could be used in the chargeback module. You can define chargeback plans based on configurations (charge for the amount of cpu, memory, storage is assigned to a machine, or for a specific OS which is installed) or chargeback on resource consumption (% of cpu used, storage used, etc). Or you can also define a combination of configuration and consumption chargeback plans. The chargeback module is very flexible. Here is a overview of the workflow how to handle infrastructure cloud in EM: Summary As you can see, setting up an Infrastructure Cloud Service with Oracle VM for X86 and Enterprise Manager 12c is really simple. I personally configured a complete cloud environment with three X86 servers and a small JBOD san box in less than 3 hours. There is no magic in it, it is all straightforward. Of course, you have to have some experience with Oracle VM and Enterprise Manager. Experience in setting up Linux environments helps as well. I plan to publish a technical cookbook in the next few weeks. I hope you found this post useful and will see you again here on our blog. Any hints, comments are welcome!

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• Five Key Strategies in Master Data Management

  - by david.butler(at)oracle.com

  Here is a very interesting Profit Magazine article on MDM: A recent customer survey reveals the deleterious effects of data fragmentation. by Trevor Naidoo, December 2010   Across industries and geographies, IT organizations have grown in complexity, whether due to mergers and acquisitions, or decentralized systems supporting functional or departmental requirements. With systems architected over time to support unique, one-off process needs, they are becoming costly to maintain, and the Internet has only further added to the complexity. Data fragmentation has become a key inhibitor in delivering flexible, user-friendly systems. The Oracle Insight team conducted a survey assessing customers' master data management (MDM) capabilities over the past two years to get a sense of where they are in terms of their capabilities. The responses, by 27 respondents from six different industries, reveal five key areas in which customers need to improve their data management in order to get better financial results. 1. Less than 15 percent of organizations surveyed understand the sources and quality of their master data, and have a roadmap to address missing data domains. Examples of the types of master data domains referred to are customer, supplier, product, financial and site. Many organizations have multiple sources of master data with varying degrees of data quality in each source -- customer data stored in the customer relationship management system is inconsistent with customer data stored in the order management system. Imagine not knowing how many places you stored your customer information, and whether a customer's address was the most up to date in each source. In fact, more than 55 percent of the respondents in the survey manage their data quality on an ad-hoc basis. It is important for organizations to document their inventory of data sources and then profile these data sources to ensure that there is a consistent definition of key data entities throughout the organization. Some questions to ask are: How do we define a customer? What is a product? How do we define a site? The goal is to strive for one common repository for master data that acts as a cross reference for all other sources and ensures consistent, high-quality master data throughout the organization. 2. Only 18 percent of respondents have an enterprise data management strategy to ensure that data is treated as an asset to the organization. Most respondents handle data at the department or functional level and do not have an enterprise view of their master data. The sales department may track all their interactions with customers as they move through the sales cycle, the service department is tracking their interactions with the same customers independently, and the finance department also has a different perspective on the same customer. The salesperson may not be aware that the customer she is trying to sell to is experiencing issues with existing products purchased, or that the customer is behind on previous invoices. The lack of a data strategy makes it difficult for business users to turn data into information via reports. Without the key building blocks in place, it is difficult to create key linkages between customer, product, site, supplier and financial data. These linkages make it possible to understand patterns. A well-defined data management strategy is aligned to the business strategy and helps create the governance needed to ensure that data stewardship is in place and data integrity is intact. 3. Almost 60 percent of respondents have no strategy to integrate data across operational applications. Many respondents have several disparate sources of data with no strategy to keep them in sync with each other. Even though there is no clear strategy to integrate the data (see #2 above), the data needs to be synced and cross-referenced to keep the business processes running. About 55 percent of respondents said they perform this integration on an ad hoc basis, and in many cases, it is done manually with the help of Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. For example, a salesperson needs a report on global sales for a specific product, but the product has different product numbers in different countries. Typically, an analyst will pull all the data into Excel, manually create a cross reference for that product, and then aggregate the sales. The exact same procedure has to be followed if the same report is needed the following month. A well-defined consolidation strategy will ensure that a central cross-reference is maintained with updates in any one application being propagated to all the other systems, so that data is synchronized and up to date. This can be done in real time or in batch mode using integration technology. 4. Approximately 50 percent of respondents spend manual efforts cleansing and normalizing data. Information stored in various systems usually follows different standards and formats, making it difficult to match the data. A customer's address can be stored in different ways using a variety of abbreviations -- for example, "av" or "ave" for avenue. Similarly, a product's attributes can be stored in a number of different ways; for example, a size attribute can be stored in inches and can also be entered as "'' ". These types of variations make it difficult to match up data from different sources. Today, most customers rely on manual, heroic efforts to match, cleanse, and de-duplicate data -- clearly not a scalable, sustainable model. To solve this challenge, organizations need the ability to standardize data for customers, products, sites, suppliers and financial accounts; however, less than 10 percent of respondents have technology in place to automatically resolve duplicates. It is no wonder, therefore, that we get communications about products we don't own, at addresses we don't reside, and using channels (like direct mail) we don't like. An all-too-common example of a potential challenge follows: Customers end up receiving duplicate communications, which not only impacts customer satisfaction, but also incurs additional mailing costs. Cleansing, normalizing, and standardizing data will help address most of these issues. 5. Only 10 percent of respondents have the ability to share data that was mastered in a master data hub. Close to 60 percent of respondents have efforts in place that profile, standardize and cleanse data manually, and the output of these efforts are stored in spreadsheets in various parts of the organization. This valuable information is not easily shared with the rest of the organization and, more importantly, this enriched information cannot be sent back to the source systems so that the data is fixed at the source. A key benefit of a master data management strategy is not only to clean the data, but to also share the data back to the source systems as well as other systems that need the information. Aside from the source systems, another key beneficiary of this data is the business intelligence system. Having clean master data as input to business intelligence systems provides more accurate and enhanced reporting.  Characteristics of Stellar MDM When deciding on the right master data management technology, organizations should look for solutions that have four main characteristics: enterprise-grade MDM performance complete technology that can be rapidly deployed and addresses multiple business issues end-to-end MDM process management with data quality monitoring and assurance pre-built MDM business relevant applications with data stores and workflows These master data management capabilities will aid in moving closer to a best-practice maturity level, delivering tremendous efficiencies and savings as well as revenue growth opportunities as a result of better understanding your customers.  Trevor Naidoo is a senior director in Industry Strategy and Insight at Oracle. 

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• Beyond Cloud Technology, Enabling A More Agile and Responsive Organization

  - by sxkumar

  This is the second part of the blog “Clouds, Clouds Everywhere But not a Drop of Rain”. In the first part,  I was sharing with you how a broad-based transformation makes cloud more than a technology initiative, I will describe in this section how it requires people (organizational) and process changes as well, and these changes are as critical as is the choice of right tools and technology. People: Most IT organizations have a fairly complex organizational structure. There are different groups, managing different pieces of the puzzle, and yet, they don't always work together. Provisioning a new application therefore may require a request to float endlessly through system administrators, DBAs and middleware admin worlds – resulting in long delays and constant finger pointing.  Cloud users expect end-to-end automation - which requires these silos to be greatly simplified, if not completely eliminated.  Most customers I talk to acknowledge this problem but are quick to admit that such a transformation is hard. As hard as it may be, I am afraid that the status quo is no longer an option. Sticking to an organizational structure that was created ages back will not only impede cloud adoption,  it also risks making the IT skills increasingly irrelevant in a world that is rapidly moving towards converged applications and infrastructure.   Process: Most IT organizations today operate with a mindset that they must fully "control" access to any and all types of IT services. This in turn leads to people clinging on to outdated manual approval processes .  While requiring approvals for scarce resources makes sense, insisting that every single request must be manually approved defeats the very purpose of cloud. Not only this causes delays, thereby at least partially negating the agility benefits, it also results in gross inefficiency. In a cloud environment, self-service access should be governed by policies, quotas that the administrators can define upfront . For a cloud initiative to be successful, IT organizations MUST be ready to empower users by giving them real control rather than insisting on brokering every single interaction between users and the cloud resources. Technology: From a technology perspective, cloud is about consolidation, standardization and automation. A consolidated and standardized infrastructure helps increase utilization and reduces cost. Additionally, it  enables a much higher degree of automation - thereby providing users the required agility while minimizing operational costs.  Obviously, automation is the key to cloud. Unfortunately it hasn’t received as much attention within enterprises as it should have.  Many organizations are just now waking up to the criticality of automation and it still often gets relegated to back burner in favor of other "high priority" projects. However, it is important to understand that without the right type and level of automation, cloud will remain a distant dream for most enterprises. This in turn makes the choice of the cloud management software extremely critical.  For a cloud management software to be effective in an enterprise environment, it must meet the following qualifications: Broad and Deep Solution It should offer a broad and deep solution to enable the kind of broad-based transformation we are talking about.  Its footprint must cover physical and virtual systems, as well as infrastructure, database and application tiers. Too many enterprises choose to equate cloud with virtualization. While virtualization is a critical component of a cloud solution, it is just a component and not the whole solution. Similarly, too many people tend to equate cloud with Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS). While it is perfectly reasonable to treat IaaS as a starting point, it is important to realize that it is just the first stepping stone - and on its own it can only provide limited business benefits. It is actually the higher level services, such as (application) platform and business applications, that will bring about a more meaningful transformation to your enterprise. Run and Manage Efficiently Your Mission Critical Applications It should not only be able to run your mission critical applications, it should do so better than before.  For enterprises, applications and data are the critical business assets  As such, if you are building a cloud platform that cannot run your ERP application, it isn't truly a "enterprise cloud".  Also, be wary of  vendors who try to sell you the idea that your applications must be written in a certain way to be able to run on the cloud. That is nothing but a bogus, self-serving argument. For the cloud to be meaningful to enterprises, it should adopt to your applications - and not the other way around.  Automated, Integrated Set of Cloud Management Capabilities At the root of many of the problems plaguing enterprise IT today is complexity. A complex maze of tools and technology, coupled with archaic  processes, results in an environment which is inflexible, inefficient and simply too hard to manage. Management tool consolidation, therefore, is key to the success of your cloud as tool proliferation adds to complexity, encourages compartmentalization and defeats the very purpose that you are building the cloud for. Decision makers ought to be extra cautious about vendors trying to sell them a "suite" of disparate and loosely integrated products as a cloud solution.  An effective enterprise cloud management solution needs to provide a tightly integrated set of capabilities for all aspects of cloud lifecycle management. A simple question to ask: will your environment be more or less complex after you implement your cloud? More often than not, the answer will surprise you.  At Oracle, we have understood these challenges and have been working hard to create cloud solutions that are relevant and meaningful for enterprises.  And we have been doing it for much longer than you may think. Oracle was one of the very first enterprise software companies to make our products available on the Amazon Cloud. As far back as in 2007, we created new cloud solutions such as Cloud Database Backup that are helping customers like Amazon save millions every year.  Our cloud solution portfolio is also the broadest and most deep in the industry  - covering public, private, hybrid, Infrastructure, platform and applications clouds. It is no coincidence therefore that the Oracle Cloud today offers the most comprehensive set of public cloud services in the industry.  And to a large part, this has been made possible thanks to our years on investment in creating cloud enabling technologies. I will dedicated the third and final part of the blog “Clouds, Clouds Everywhere But not a Drop of Rain” to Oracle Cloud Technologies Building Blocks and how they mapped into our vision of Enterprise Cloud. Stay Tuned.

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• VPN for a small organization

  - by user24091

  I am in charge of a small office network that has < 10 users. I want to be able to offer them access to the network from their home internet connections. At the moment we have a regular ADSL-router-firewall to provide local network access and a fixed IP address. I know there are enterprise-level VPN solutions, but these obviously won't be available to us because of the cost and complexity. What small-scale solutions are around that you could recommend, what would we need to deploy on the client side, and what would the clients need to do to access the VPN? Simplicity and low cost need to be the keys here. Thanks

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• Requiring SSH-key Login Via PAM From Specific IP Ranges

  - by Sean M

  I need to be able to access my server (Ubuntu 8.04 LTS) from remote sites, but I'd like to worry a bit less about password complexity. Thus, I'd like to require that SSH keys be used for login instead of name/password. However, I still have a lot to learn about security, and having already badly broken a test box when I was trying to set this up, I'm acutely aware of the chance of screwing myself while trying to accomplish this. So I have a second goal: I'd like to require that certain IP ranges (e.g. 10.0.0.0/8) may log in with name/password, but everyone else must use an SSH key to log in. How can I satisfy both of these goals? There already exists a very similar question here, but I can't quite figure out how to get to what I want from that information. Current tactic: reading through the PAM documentation (pam_access looks promising) and looking at /etc/ssh/sshd_config.

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• Password rules for yppasswd

  - by gstoynev

  Hello all, I have a NIS master-slave setup and I would like to improve the password rules/complexity for it. Seems like if I introduce new rules to the NIS Master they are applicable only from there. What I mean: I want minimal password length of 9 characters. On the NIS master if I run 'passwd' it obeys this requirement. If I run 'yppasswd' it just go to the default 6 characters. If I use 'chage -d 0 user1' to force a user to change a password, the user is prompted only when login on the NIS Master. The user's old password is still good to login at NIS clients. All machines are running Ubuntu 9.10 or 10.04. How I can strengthen yppasswd rules and make it warn users to change their passwords? Thank you all!

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• Active Directory Password Policy Problem

  - by Will

  To Clarify: my question is why isn't my password policy applying to people in the domain. Hey guys, having trouble with our password policy in Active Directory. Sometimes it just helps me to type out what I’m seeing It appears to not be applying properly across the board. I am new to this environment and AD in general but I think I have a general grasp of what should be going on. It’s a pretty simple AD setup without too many Group Policies being applied. It looks something like this DOMAIN Default Domain Policy (link enabled) Password Policy (link enabled and enforce) Personal OU Force Password Change (completely empty nothing in this GPO) IT OU Lockout Policy (link enabled and enforced) CS OU Lockout Policy Accouting OU Lockout Policy The password policy and default domain policy both define the same things under Computer ConfigWindows seetings sec settings Account Policies / Password Policy Enforce password History : 24 passwords remembered Maximum Password age : 180 days Min password age: 14 days Minimum Password Length: 6 characters Password must meet complexity requirements: Enabled Store Passwords using reversible encryption: Disabled Account Policies / Account Lockout Policy Account Lockout Duration 10080 Minutes Account Lockout Threshold: 5 invalid login attempts Reset Account Lockout Counter after : 30 minutes IT lockout This just sets the screen saver settings to lock computers when the user is Idle. After running Group Policy modeling it seems like the password policy and default domain policy is getting applied to everyone. Here is the results of group policy modeling on MO-BLANCKM using the mblanck account, as you can see the policies are both being applied , with nothing important being denied Group Policy Results NCLGS\mblanck on NCLGS\MO-BLANCKM Data collected on: 12/29/2010 11:29:44 AM Summary Computer Configuration Summary General Computer name NCLGS\MO-BLANCKM Domain NCLGS.local Site Default-First-Site-Name Last time Group Policy was processed 12/29/2010 10:17:58 AM Group Policy Objects Applied GPOs Name Link Location Revision Default Domain Policy NCLGS.local AD (15), Sysvol (15) WSUS-52010 NCLGS.local/WSUS/Clients AD (54), Sysvol (54) Password Policy NCLGS.local AD (58), Sysvol (58) Denied GPOs Name Link Location Reason Denied Local Group Policy Local Empty Security Group Membership when Group Policy was applied BUILTIN\Administrators Everyone S-1-5-21-507921405-1326574676-682003330-1003 BUILTIN\Users NT AUTHORITY\NETWORK NT AUTHORITY\Authenticated Users NCLGS\MO-BLANCKM$ NCLGS\Admin-ComputerAccounts-GP NCLGS\Domain Computers WMI Filters Name Value Reference GPO(s) None Component Status Component Name Status Last Process Time Group Policy Infrastructure Success 12/29/2010 10:17:59 AM EFS recovery Success (no data) 10/28/2010 9:10:34 AM Registry Success 10/28/2010 9:10:32 AM Security Success 10/28/2010 9:10:34 AM User Configuration Summary General User name NCLGS\mblanck Domain NCLGS.local Last time Group Policy was processed 12/29/2010 11:28:56 AM Group Policy Objects Applied GPOs Name Link Location Revision Default Domain Policy NCLGS.local AD (7), Sysvol (7) IT-Lockout NCLGS.local/Personal/CS AD (11), Sysvol (11) Password Policy NCLGS.local AD (5), Sysvol (5) Denied GPOs Name Link Location Reason Denied Local Group Policy Local Empty Force Password Change NCLGS.local/Personal Empty Security Group Membership when Group Policy was applied NCLGS\Domain Users Everyone BUILTIN\Administrators BUILTIN\Users NT AUTHORITY\INTERACTIVE NT AUTHORITY\Authenticated Users LOCAL NCLGS\MissingSkidEmail NCLGS\Customer_Service NCLGS\Email_Archive NCLGS\Job Ticket Users NCLGS\Office Staff NCLGS\CUSTOMER SERVI-1 NCLGS\Prestige_Jobs_Email NCLGS\Telecommuters NCLGS\Everyone - NCL WMI Filters Name Value Reference GPO(s) None Component Status Component Name Status Last Process Time Group Policy Infrastructure Success 12/29/2010 11:28:56 AM Registry Success 12/20/2010 12:05:51 PM Scripts Success 10/13/2010 10:38:40 AM Computer Configuration Windows Settings Security Settings Account Policies/Password Policy Policy Setting Winning GPO Enforce password history 24 passwords remembered Password Policy Maximum password age 180 days Password Policy Minimum password age 14 days Password Policy Minimum password length 6 characters Password Policy Password must meet complexity requirements Enabled Password Policy Store passwords using reversible encryption Disabled Password Policy Account Policies/Account Lockout Policy Policy Setting Winning GPO Account lockout duration 10080 minutes Password Policy Account lockout threshold 5 invalid logon attempts Password Policy Reset account lockout counter after 30 minutes Password Policy Local Policies/Security Options Network Security Policy Setting Winning GPO Network security: Force logoff when logon hours expire Enabled Default Domain Policy Public Key Policies/Autoenrollment Settings Policy Setting Winning GPO Enroll certificates automatically Enabled [Default setting] Renew expired certificates, update pending certificates, and remove revoked certificates Disabled Update certificates that use certificate templates Disabled Public Key Policies/Encrypting File System Properties Winning GPO [Default setting] Policy Setting Allow users to encrypt files using Encrypting File System (EFS) Enabled Certificates Issued To Issued By Expiration Date Intended Purposes Winning GPO SBurns SBurns 12/13/2007 5:24:30 PM File Recovery Default Domain Policy For additional information about individual settings, launch Group Policy Object Editor. Public Key Policies/Trusted Root Certification Authorities Properties Winning GPO [Default setting] Policy Setting Allow users to select new root certification authorities (CAs) to trust Enabled Client computers can trust the following certificate stores Third-Party Root Certification Authorities and Enterprise Root Certification Authorities To perform certificate-based authentication of users and computers, CAs must meet the following criteria Registered in Active Directory only Administrative Templates Windows Components/Windows Update Policy Setting Winning GPO Allow Automatic Updates immediate installation Enabled WSUS-52010 Allow non-administrators to receive update notifications Enabled WSUS-52010 Automatic Updates detection frequency Enabled WSUS-52010 Check for updates at the following interval (hours): 1 Policy Setting Winning GPO Configure Automatic Updates Enabled WSUS-52010 Configure automatic updating: 4 - Auto download and schedule the install The following settings are only required and applicable if 4 is selected. Scheduled install day: 0 - Every day Scheduled install time: 03:00 Policy Setting Winning GPO No auto-restart with logged on users for scheduled automatic updates installations Disabled WSUS-52010 Re-prompt for restart with scheduled installations Enabled WSUS-52010 Wait the following period before prompting again with a scheduled restart (minutes): 30 Policy Setting Winning GPO Reschedule Automatic Updates scheduled installations Enabled WSUS-52010 Wait after system startup (minutes): 1 Policy Setting Winning GPO Specify intranet Microsoft update service location Enabled WSUS-52010 Set the intranet update service for detecting updates: http://lavender Set the intranet statistics server: http://lavender (example: http://IntranetUpd01) User Configuration Administrative Templates Control Panel/Display Policy Setting Winning GPO Hide Screen Saver tab Enabled IT-Lockout Password protect the screen saver Enabled IT-Lockout Screen Saver Enabled IT-Lockout Screen Saver executable name Enabled IT-Lockout Screen Saver executable name sstext3d.scr Policy Setting Winning GPO Screen Saver timeout Enabled IT-Lockout Number of seconds to wait to enable the Screen Saver Seconds: 1800 System/Power Management Policy Setting Winning GPO Prompt for password on resume from hibernate / suspend Enabled IT-Lockout

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• NFS failover WITHOUT DRBD?

  - by user439407

  So I am trying to set up a redundant NFS share in a cloud environment(all links internal, half gig links), and I am looking into using heartbeat for failover, but all the guides seem to be about combining DRBD and heartbeat to create a robust environment. If need be I can do that, but since my content is almost completely static, I would like to avoid the extra overhead and complexity of DRBD if possible, but still be able to fail over if one of the NFS servers fails. Is it possible to use heartbeat with NFS to achieve high-availability without using DRBD to copy the blocks? I am not married to NFSv4, so if NFSv3 over UDP is necessary, that won't be a problem(only a very small number of clients will be connecting to the share) Any comments are appreciated.

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• Recommendation on Ticket system with billing feature

  - by jacklty

  Actually, I do not know if I have used the right terms to describe our situation. Basically, We would like to have a system to help us to do billing and support at the same time. For example, we would like to offer outside users a customer support with ticket system, however the outside users need to purchase some credits beforehand through the system in order to submit their requests. Sometimes, our representatives will charge extra unit of credit for solving some open tickets due to the complexity and hours spent. (It will be nice to submit user a further billing request to same open ticket, and user can either accept/declined) Is there any available application or service we can use for the purpose above?

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• How to add a 'second elbow' to an 'elbow arrow connector' in Powerpoint 2007?

  - by ricebowl

  I'm trying to put together a relatively complex flow-chart thing -as part of a University assignment (health-related, and gosh, does my university love all things Microsoft Office...). Because of the way the chart progresses I have to connect two objects with a 'double elbow' version of the 'elbow arrow connector.' I accept that perhaps this complexity means I should redesign the chart, but I've tried and failed to simplify things already. If you'll pardon my ASCII art, this is what I have: +----------------+ | 1 | | | +-------+--------+ | | +-------+--------+ /\ |2 +--------|-----/ 3\ +----------------+ \ / \/ Shape 1 should connect to shape 3, currently the line doing so passes behind shape 2. The diagram below shows what I'd prefer, and, frankly, what I need to happen. +----------------+ | 1 | | | +-------+--------+ | +-----------+ +----------------+ | /\ |2 | +--/ 3\ +----------------+ \ / \/ Having explored the various right-click options I'm either being blind and not seeing it, or...well, I'm hoping it's just me being blind and/or stupid, frankly. If anyone has any suggestions they'd be gratefully received. I'm working with WinXP and Office 2007 (at the university, I run on Ubuntu at home, which possibly explains why I'm missing something potentially simple)...

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• Client backup solution for small (100-150 user) homogenous win/nix/mac office?

  - by Gomibushi

  We are currently using Symantec Backup Exec with Desktop and Laptop Option for our Windows clients, time machine for mac and offer simple rsync to linux users, in addition to home folders that are always backed up and available. We are not overly happy with the horrid complexity and multitude of minor bugs in SBE, but "when you don't touch it, it mostly works". Ideally we'd like to offer a real and full backup solution to all clients, but mostly to Linux users, as they don't have a good alternative. I have barely tested Druva on windows, and it is promising in its simplicity and "it just works" looks, but does anyone have experience with it? This post lists some that I will look at.

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• How to maintain one file across many production servers (Windows and Linux)

  - by Brien

  My organization wants to centrally manage an Oracle TNSnames file for all of their production servers. When that file changes, they want to be able to push out the changes to all servers that use it with a minimal effort. Approaches that have been considered: Centralized file server (drawback: if the file server or the network connection to the file server goes down, the servers have no access to the critical file) Subversion client on each server (drawback: using a source control tool in production, added complexity) Store an individual copy of the file on each server (drawback: changing the file contents involves making changes on many different servers) Update Can I use DFS to do this?

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• Virtualised Sharepoint Backup Strategies

  - by dunxd

  I have a Sharepoint (OSS 2007) farm running on three virtual machines in VMWare ESX, plus a SQL Server backend on physical hardware. During a recent Business Continuity Planning event I tried restoring the sharepoint farm with only the config and content databases, and failed to get things working. My plan was to build a new sharepoint server, then attach this to a restoration config database and install the Central Management site on this server, then reattach the content databases. This failed at the Central Management part of the plan. So I am back to the drawing board on the best strategy for backup and recovery, with reducing the time and complexity of the restore job the main objective. I haven't been able to find much in the way of discussion of backup/restore strategies for Sharepoint in a VMWare environment, so I figured I'd see if anyone on server fault has any ideas or experience.

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• Roaming Profiles, Folder redirection or... both

  - by Adrian Perez

  Hello, i'm developing a remote desktop services in w2008r2. Now, it's going to be a server, but in the future it's possible that another server could be added to the farm. Now, i'm creating roaming profiles and folder redirection to save space. Now, i have some doubts... if i'm redirecting all the folders i can do through gpo (start menu, desktop, appdata, My Documents, Videos, Music...), does it make sense to use roaming profiles? I mean, i'm redirecting almost everything. So, if i don't use roaming profiles, what kind of data is not shared/roamed? Perhaps is not necessary and if i set roaming profiles, i will add more unnecessary complexity to the infraestructure. What do you think about? Some advice or recomendation? Thanks!

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• How to pass an argument to a Windows Scheduled Task with spaces in it

  - by Rodney

  I need to set up a Windows Scheduled Task. It accepts 1 parameter/argument which is a path and can contain spaces. My Scheduled task does not work - it "breaks" the parameter up at the first space. If I run it in the Command Prompt I can just wrap the argument in " " and it works fine, however, this does not work in the Scheduled Task UI. e.g. C:\Program Files\xyz\FTP File Transfer\FTPFileTransferTask.exe "C:\Program Files\xyz\The Interface\Folder Path" I have tried wrapping the argument with " " ' ' [ ] () and have tried filling in the spaces with %20, ~1 etc. with no luck. I know of one solution to make a bat file and use " " around my argument but I don't want to add more complexity. I tried it on Windows 7 and Windows 2008 Server and both failed. There seems to be no discussions on this?

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• Security when, ssh Private keys are lost

  - by Shree Mandadi

  Cant explain my problem enough with words, Let me take an example.. and please multiple the complexity by a 100 for the Solution. User-A has two ssh private keys, and over time has used this public key on a number of servers He lost one of them, and has created a new pair. How does User-A, inform me (Sys Admin), that he has lost his key, and How do I manage all the servers to which he had access to (I do not have a list, of all Servers that User-A has access to). In other words, How do I recall, the public key associated with this Private key. REF: In the LDAP based Authentication, All Servers would communicate with a single Server repository for Authentication, and If I remove acess or modify the password on the Server, all Systems that use this LDAP for Authentication are secured, when User-A loses his password..

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• What's a good way to share a value in multiple places in a Word document?

  - by jcollum

  Let's say I have a value: \\myServer\dir1\dir2\dir3. I'd like this value to appear in multiple places in an MSWord document. However I only want to write it down once. What's a good way to do this? Fields seem like the answer but I can't get it to work; maybe it's not the answer. I'd like to be able to do this without any macros; it adds too much complexity. I need something more like Excel -- write a cell value here, reference it there, change the original value and the reference gets updated too. Edit: ideally I'd have the value updated automatically (fields don't seem to want to do that!).

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• what's a good way to share a value in multiple places in a word doc?

  - by jcollum

  Let's say I have a value: \\myServer\dir1\dir2\dir3. I'd like this value to appear in multiple places in an MSWord document. However I only want to write it down once. What's a good way to do this? Fields seem like the answer but I can't get it to work; maybe it's not the answer. I'd like to be able to do this without any macros; it adds too much complexity. I need something more like Excel -- write a cell value here, reference it there, change the original value and the reference gets updated too.

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• typesetting system

  - by itun

  All my life I used Microsoft Office on Windows for document writing and then Libre(Open)Office on Linux. This is not a bad software, but not perfect and I have some complaints. Now on my usual desktop I have Linux. I heard from people who work a lot with documents of different type and complexity (diagrams, articles, document design, presentation) that latex is a perfect thing. I have spent two days exploring Latex and my opinion as a beginner that it is out-of-date (the concepts of Latex language). The language is not intuitive and sometimes even complex. Can somebody advise another software product for document writing?

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• How to allow password protected start-stop-daemon functionality?

  - by Mahmoud Abdelkader

  I would like to use Ubuntu's start-stop-daemon to start my application, but the application protects some sensitive information, so I have a mechanism where the application prompts for a password that's then used to generate a hashkey, which is used as the secret key for a symmetric encryption (AES) to encrypt and decrypt things from a database. I'd like to daemonize this application and have it run from start-stop-daemon, so that sudo service appname stop and sudo service appname start would work, but, I'm not sure how to go about doing this with the added complexity of a password prompt. Is there something that supports this or do I have to program it from scratch? I figured I should ask first before re-inventing the wheel. Thanks in advance.

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• Where would an S3 upload speed cap originate?

  - by CoreyH

  I do a ton of uploading to S3 and am experiencing capped speeds and I can't quite figure out how to address it. The setup: Windows Server 2008 R2 x64, external HD, using a Java based upload tool called Jsh3ll and custom VBS scripts to kick the jobs off. Running one process at a time, I am always limited to about 4mbps. I have FiOS at 35/35mbps speeds, so it isn't an outright limit. AND, I can run parallel instances and can go all the way up to 35mbps, so I know the problem isn't gateway/nic/machine/amazon related. Running parallel instances works to a degree as a solution, but increases the complexity of my workflow greatly. Solving this would make my life dramatically easier. When I was first doing this I was playing around with a bunch of Windows TCP parameters and was able to briefly get unconstrained bandwidth, but it wasn't repeatable. Thoughts?

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• Life Cycle Navigator?

  - by C.W.Holeman II

  In many environments the file system directory structure and naming conventions attempt to allow one to use a file manager to navigate the life cycle of a document. This overloading of functions makes it difficult for users to handle the complexity. A file browser is a tool that lets the user navigate among files located in a directory structure to find a specific file. Whereas, when given a specific file, a life cycle navigator is a tool that lets the user navigate its life cycle from source to published copy and across versions. Does a Life Cycle Navigator exit? I see a user pointing at an object: Left mouse button displays the document Right mouse button has a Life Cycle Navigator (LCN) The LCN displays a tree for a specific document within a file manger, for example: Published 3.2 Current 3.1 3.0 +2.x +1.x +Archived +All Source Draft 3.2 Current 3.1 3.0 +2.x +1.x +Archived +All +Work Flow +Properties Or from a command line: $ lcn x.pdf --open_source_document | my_favorite_editor $ lcn x.pdf --show_published_version_info $ lcn x.pdf --show_previous_publish_versions_info See also, Life Cycle Navigator.

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• What methods are there to configure puppet to serve resources for multiple environments?

  - by cclark

  I seem to come across two ways for using puppet in multiple environments: 1) Install a puppetmaster in each environment and only update the recipes from source control for that environment when ready to deploy the recipes in that environment. 2) Use one puppetmaster and use a variable in the puppet.conf of each client to specify the environment and then in the puppetmaster specify a different modulepath for each environment and each of those paths is updated to the branch of the recipe repository intended for that environment (e.g. dev, staging, production). Only running one puppetmaster seems like it is one less piece of infrastructure to keep running but there is some additional complexity in the configuration. Are there additional pros or cons to one of these methods or something which I'm missing entirely?

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• Cloud hosting and single hardware point of failure?

  - by PeterB

  From talking to sales I thought Rackspace Cloud was running on a SAN and compute nodes (as VMWare's offerings do), only to find out it doesn't, so when the host server goes down for maintenance all cloud servers on the server go down (in our case for 2.5 hours). I understand Amazon EC2 also has this single-server point of failure. Which cloud hosting solutions don't rely on a single server? I've yet to find a list by architecture Is there a term that distinguishes between these types of 'cloud'? Is one of these 'grid computing' and the other 'virtualisation'? Can a SAN backed solution provide the same reliability as 2 mirrored cloud servers on (say) Rackspace Cloud? I am more familiar with the VMWare architecture and would like to understand the advantages and disadvantages of each approach. I understand the standard architecture is to have multiple cloud servers and mirrored data between them; until we need multiple database servers I'm wondering if a SAN/node hosting solution would provide the lack of downtime we need without the added complexity.

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