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  • Simple/Basic steganography algorithms and methods

    - by tomp
    What are the basic and simpliest steganography algorithms and methods? I mean the steganography applied to images. How does simple program that hides data to images work? How does the program recognize the encrypted message in image without the source image? What are the main techniques used?

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  • about Sorting Algorithms

    - by matin1234
    Hi I want to know that we always use Sorting algorithm like (Insertion Sort or Merge Sort,...) just for lists and arrays?? and we do not use these algorithms for stack or queue ??? thanks

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  • New cryptographic algorithms ?

    - by redbull
    I was wondering about new trends in cryptography. Which algorithms are new ? Which are improved and which died beacuse of the time that past ? For example EEC ( Elliptic Curve Cryptography ) is quite new approach, but definitly not the only one. Could you name some of them ?

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  • How to get a random node from a tree?

    - by ooboo
    It looks easy, but I found the implementation tricky. I need that for a simple genetic programming problem I'm trying to implement. The function should, given a node, return the node itself or any of its children such that the probability of choosing a node is normally distributed relative to its depth (so the function should return mostly middle nodes, but sometimes the root itself or the lowest ones - but that's not really necessary if that makes it significantly more complex, if all any node is chosen with equal probability, that's good enough). Thanks

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  • C# compare algorithms

    - by public static
    Hi, Are there any open source algorithms in c# that solve the problem of creating a difference between two text files? It would be super cool if it had some way of highlighting what exact areas where changed in the text document also.

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  • Why "Algorithms" and "Data Structures" are treated as separate disciplines?

    - by Pavel Shved
    This question was the last straw; and I've been wondering for a long time about it, Why do people think about "Algorithms" and "Data structures" as about something that can be separated from each other? I see a lot of evidence that they're separated in programmers' minds. they request "Data Structures & Algorithms" books they refer to "Data Structures" and "Algorithms" as separate university courses they "know Algorithms", but are "weak in Data Structures" (can't find the link, sorry). etc. In my opinion "Data Structures" are algorithms, since the concept of "Data Structure" is about Algorithms to operate data that go in and out of the structures. But the opinion seems not a mainstream. What do I miss?

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  • Using GA in GUI

    - by AlexT
    Sorry if this isn't clear as I'm writing this on a mobile device and I'm trying to make it quick. I've written a basic Genetic Algorithm with a binary encoding (genes) that builds a fitness value and evolves through several iterations using tournament selection, mutation and crossover. As a basic command-line example it seems to work. The problem I've got is with applying a genetic algorithm within a GUI as I am writing a maze-solving program that uses the GA to find a method through a maze. How do I turn my random binary encoded genes and fitness function (add all the binary values together) into a method to control a bot around a maze? I have built a basic GUI in Java consisting of a maze of labels (like a grid) with the available routes being in blue and the walls being in black. To reiterate my GA performs well and contains what any typical GA would (fitness method, get and set population, selection, crossover, etc) but now I need to plug it into a GUI to get my maze running. What needs to go where in order to get a bot that can move in different directions depending on what the GA says? Rough pseudocode would be great if possible As requested, an Individual is built using a separate class (Indiv), with all the main work being done in a Pop class. When a new individual is instantiated an array of ints represent the genes of said individual, with the genes being picked at random from a number between 0 and 1. The fitness function merely adds together the value of these genes and in the Pop class handles selection, mutation and crossover of two selected individuals. There's not much else to it, the command line program just shows evolution over n generations with the total fitness improving over each iteration. EDIT: It's starting to make a bit more sense now, although there are a few things that are bugging me... As Adamski has suggested I want to create an "Agent" with the options shown below. The problem I have is where the random bit string comes into play here. The agent knows where the walls are and has it laid out in a 4 bit string (i.e. 0111), but how does this affect the random 32 bit string? (i.e. 10001011011001001010011011010101) If I have the following maze (x is the start place, 2 is the goal, 1 is the wall): x 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 If I turn left I'm facing the wrong way and the agent will move completely off the maze if it moves forward. I assume that the first generation of the string will be completely random and it will evolve as the fitness grows but I don't get how the string will work within a maze. So, to get this straight... The fitness is the result of when the agent is able to move and is by a wall. The genes are a string of 32 bits, split into 16 sets of 2 bits to show the available actions and for the robot to move the two bits need to be passed with four bits from the agent showings its position near the walls. If the move is to go past a wall the move isn't made and it is deemed invalid and if the move is made and if a new wall is found then the fitness goes up. Is that right?

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  • Can I use a genetic algorithm for balancing character builds?

    - by Renan Malke Stigliani
    I'm starting to build a online PVP (duel like, one-on-one) game, where there is leveling, skill points, special attacks and all the common stuff. Since I have never done anything like this, I'm still thinking about the math behind the levels/skills/specials balance. So I thought a good way of testing the best builds/combos, would be to implement a Genetic Algorithm. It'd be like this: Generate a big group of random characters Make them fight, level them up accordingly to their victories(more XP)/losses(less XP) Mate the winners, crossing their builds, to try and make even better characters Add some more random chars, emulating new players Repeat the process for some time, or util I find some chars who can beat everyone's butt I could then play with the math and try to find better balances to make sure that the top x% of chars would be a mix of various build types. So, is it a good idea, or is there some other, easier method to do the balancing?

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  • Algorithms for City Simulation?

    - by anon
    I want to create a city filled with virtual creatures. Say like Sim City, where each creature walks around, doing it's own tasks. I'd prefer the city to not 'explode' or do weird things -- like the population dies off, or the population leaves, or any other unexpected crap. Is there a set of basic rules I can encode each agent with so that the city will be 'stable'? (Much like how for physics simulations, we have some basic rules that govern everything; is there a set of rules that governs how a simulation of a virtual city will be stable?) I'm new to this area and have no idea what algorithms/books to look into. Insights deeply appreciated. Thanks!

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  • 3 dimensional bin packing algorithms

    - by BuschnicK
    I'm faced with a 3 dimensional bin packing problem and am currently conducting some preliminary research as to which algorithms/heuristics are currently yielding the best results. Since the problem is NP hard I do not expect to find the optimal solution in every case, but I was wondering: 1) what are the best exact solvers? Branch and Bound? What problem instance sizes can I expect to solve with reasonable computing resources? 2) what are the best heuristic solvers? 3) What off-the-shelf solutions exist to conduct some experiments with?

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  • string matching algorithms used by lucene

    - by iamrohitbanga
    i want to know the string matching algorithms used by Apache Lucene. i have been going through the index file format used by lucene given here. it seems that lucene stores all words occurring in the text as is with their frequency of occurrence in each document. but as far as i know that for efficient string matching it would need to preprocess the words occurring in the Documents. example: search for "iamrohitbanga is a user of stackoverflow" (use fuzzy matching) in some documents. it is possible that there is a document containing the string "rohit banga" to find that the substrings rohit and banga are present in the search string, it would use some efficient substring matching. i want to know which algorithm it is. also if it does some preprocessing which function call in the java api triggers it.

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  • How to create Encryption Key for Encryption Algorithms?

    - by Akash Kava
    I want to use encryption algorithm available in .Net Security namespace, however I am trying to understand how to generate the key, for example AES algorithm needs 256 bits, that 16 bytes key, and some initialization vector, which is also few bytes. Can I use any combination of values in my Key and IV? e.g. all zeros in Key and IV are valid or not? I know the detail of algorithm which does lots of xors, so zero wont serve any good, but are there any restrictions by these algorithms? Or Do I have to generate the key using some program and save it permanently somewhere?

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  • How to calculate order (big O) for more complex algorithms (ie quicksort)

    - by bangoker
    I know there are quite a bunch of questions about big O notation, I have already checked Plain english explanation of Big O , Big O, how do you calculate/approximate it?, and Big O Notation Homework--Code Fragment Algorithm Analysis?, to name a few. I know by "intuition" how to calculate it for n, n^2, n! and so, however I am completely lost on how to calculate it for algorithms that are log n , n log n, n log log n and so. What I mean is, I know that Quick Sort is n log n (on average).. but, why? Same thing for merge/comb, etc. Could anybody explain me in a not to math-y way how do you calculate this? The main reason is that Im about to have a big interview and I'm pretty sure they'll ask for this kind of stuff. I have researched for a few days now, and everybody seem to have either an explanation of why bubble sort is n^2 or the (for me) unreadable explanation a la wikipedia Thanks!

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  • Learning Algorithms and Data Structures Fundamentals

    - by valya
    Can you recommend me a book or (better!) a site with many hard problems and exercises about data structures? I'm already answering project Euler questions, but these questions are about interesting, but uncommon algorithms. I hardly used even a simple tree. Maybe there is a site with exercises like: hey, you need to calculate this: ... . Do it using a tree. Now do it using a zipper. Upload your C (Haskell, Lisp, even Pascal or Fortress go) solution. Oh, your solution is so slow! Self-education is very hard then you trying to learn very common, fundamental things. How can I help myself with them without attending to courses or whatever?

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  • Articles about replication schemes/algorithms?

    - by jkff
    I'm designing an hierarchical distributed system (every node has zero or more "master" nodes to which it propagates its current data). The data gets continuously updated and I'd like to guarantee that at least N nodes have almost-current data at any given time. I do not need complete consistency, only eventual consistency (t.i. for any time instant, the current snapshot of data should eventually appear on at least N nodes. It is tricky to define the term "current" here, but still). Nodes may fail and go back up at any moment, and there is no single "central" node. O overflowers! Point me to some good papers describing replication schemes. I've so far found one: Consistency Management in Optimistic Replication Algorithms

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  • Algorithms for modern hardware?

    - by Jurily
    Once again, I find myself with a set of broken assumptions. The article itself is about a 10x performance gain by modifying a proven-optimal algorithm to account for virtual memory: What good is an O(log2(n)) algorithm if those operations cause page faults and slow disk operations? For most relevant datasets an O(n) or even an O(n^2) algorithm, which avoids page faults, will run circles around it. Are there more such algorithms around? Should we re-examine all those fundamental building blocks of our education? What else do I need to watch out for when writing my own?

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  • Load balancing and shedulling algorithms .NET

    - by Lukas Šalkauskas
    Hello there, so here is my problem: I have several different configuarion servers. I have different calculations (jobs), I can predict how long approx. each job will take to be caclulated. Also I have priorities. My question is how to keep all machines loaded 99-100% and shedule the jobs in the best way. Each machine can do several calculations at the time. Jobs are pushed to the machine. Central machine knows current load of each machine. Also I would like to to assign some king of machine learning here, because I will know statistics of each job (started, finished, cpu load etc.). How to distribute jobs(calculations) in the best possible way, also keep in mind priority. Any suggestions ? Ideas ? Algorithms ?

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  • Writing shorter code/algorithms, is more efficient (performance)?

    - by Carlos
    After coming across the code golf trivia around the site it is obvious people try to find ways to write code and algorithms as short as the possibly can in terms of characters, lines and total size, even if that means writing something like: n=input() while n>1:n=(n/2,n*3+1)[n%2];print n So as a beginner I start to wonder whether size actually matters :D. It is obviously a very subjective question highly dependent on the actual code being used, but what is the rule of thumb in the real world. In the case that size wont matter, how come then we don't focus more on performance rather than size?

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  • Load balancing and scheduling algorithms.

    - by Lukas Šalkauskas
    Hello there, so here is my problem: I have several different configuarion servers. I have different calculations (jobs); I can predict how long approximately each job will take to be caclulated. Also, I have priorities. My question is how to keep all machines loaded 99-100% and schedule the jobs in the best way. Each machine can do several calculations at a time. Jobs are pushed to the machine. The central machine knows the current load of each machine. Also, I would like to to assign some kind of machine learning here, because I will know statistics of each job (started, finished, cpu load etc.). How can I distribute jobs (calculations) in the best possible way, keeping in mind the priorities? Any suggestions, ideas, or algorithms ? FYI: My platform .NET.

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