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• No network connectivity (not wired or wireless) - RT5390

  - by Ben Udy

  I am starting to think I simply need to accept a small loss and sell my new ASUS K73E. Because I really don't enjoy computing when I have to deal with Windough$ and this windows 7 64 bit on my new ASUS is even worse than the old machines with XP. I have written to ASUS and they simply say "We don't support Linux" and while Ralink's website says they do support Linux I can't get anyone to tell me what model Ralink card might be in my machine. Is anyone out there who might be able to give me some useful advice???? Here is the answer to command lspci nn && lsusb && lsmod && rfkill list all: di,snd_seq snd 54244 16 snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hwdep,snd_pcm_oss,snd_mixer_oss,snd_pcm,snd_seq_oss,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq,snd_timer,snd_seq_device uvcvideo 57374 0 videodev 34361 1 uvcvideo v4l1_compat 13251 2 uvcvideo,videodev soundcore 6620 1 snd snd_page_alloc 7076 2 snd_hda_intel,snd_pcm psmouse 63677 0 serio_raw 3978 0 lp 7028 0 parport 32635 2 ppdev,lp fbcon 35102 71 tileblit 1999 1 fbcon font 7557 1 fbcon bitblit 4707 1 fbcon softcursor 1189 1 bitblit video 17375 0 output 1871 1 video vga16fb 11385 1 vgastate 8961 1 vga16fb ahci 32360 2 di,snd_seq snd 54244 16 snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hwdep,snd_pcm_oss,snd_mixer_oss,snd_pcm,snd_seq_oss,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq,snd_timer,snd_seq_device uvcvideo 57374 0 videodev 34361 1 uvcvideo v4l1_compat 13251 2 uvcvideo,videodev soundcore 6620 1 snd snd_page_alloc 7076 2 snd_hda_intel,snd_pcm psmouse 63677 0 serio_raw 3978 0 lp 7028 0 parport 32635 2 ppdev,lp fbcon 35102 71 tileblit 1999 1 fbcon font 7557 1 fbcon bitblit 4707 1 fbcon softcursor 1189 1 bitblit video 17375 0 output 1871 1 video vga16fb 11385 1 vgastate 8961 1 vga16fb ahci 32360 2 Edit #2 lspci 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Device 0104 (rev 09) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Device 0116 (rev 09) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Cougar Point HECI Controller #1 (rev 04) 00:1a.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation Cougar Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #2 (rev 05) 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation Cougar Point High Definition Audio Controller (rev 05) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Cougar Point PCI Express Root Port 1 (rev b5) 00:1c.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Cougar Point PCI Express Root Port 2 (rev b5) 00:1c.5 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Cougar Point PCI Express Root Port 6 (rev b5) 00:1d.0 USB Controller: Intel Corporation Cougar Point USB Enhanced Host Controller #1 (rev 05) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Device 1c49 (rev 05) 00:1f.2 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Cougar Point 6 port SATA AHCI Controller (rev 05) 00:1f.3 SMBus: Intel Corporation Cougar Point SMBus Controller (rev 05) 02:00.0 Network controller: RaLink Device 5390 03:00.0 Ethernet controller: Atheros Communications Device 1083 (rev c0) lsusb Bus 002 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Bus 001 Device 003: ID 13d3:5710 IMC Networks Bus 001 Device 002: ID 8087:0024 Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub Thanks for the suggestion because this gave me a model for Ralink RT5390. I have now gone to Ralink.com and downloaded (via Windows 7) the driver package (it is a bz2 file). I hope I can figure out how to install it. And FYI - I was not able to run su (not authorized?) and dmidecode didn't exist (probably needs to be downloaded BUT no internet yet in Ubuntu)

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• I can't install Ubuntu 12.04.1 on iMac G5

  - by user89004

  So, I have this iMac G5 that doesn't have iSight, only a small light sensor I think undernieth, machine model 8.2. I tried burning a Ubuntu 12.04.1 PowerPC 64bit .iso to a cd but the computer just won't boot it, I don't know why. Next I tried with a USB but it wouldn't let me boot that either, I created the usb on my dad's win7 laptop as the process was way easier than on freakin Mac or Ubuntu (no command typing AT ALL on windows) I'm able to get into openfirmware and type boot usb and it does show some weird writing that scrolls so fast I can't see anything and then it just gives me this huge no sign like a stop sign and freezez. The sign is grey and the line in the middle is tilted towards the left. An other issue I'm having with hdiutil is that I can't convert the stupid .iso I just downloaded into a .img because the file keeps on dissapearing right when it's done converting it. I used the syntax from Ubuntu support how to create a bootable usb drive under Mac OS X. I even didn't include the 2 stupid ~ that are shown in the syntax that are completly worthless, God only know why they put them there, and I even tried running the whole thing as root with sudo su before the command. The funny thing is that if I convert something smaller it works. The command I was using is hdiutil convert -format UDRW -o /path/to/target.img /path/to/ubuntu.iso I even tried hdiutil convert /path/to/ubuntu.iso -format UDRW -o /path/to/target.img but the same thing happens, the dummy .img.dmg file dissapears when the conversion is done no matter where I set the output file to go. I have tried several different folders, the same thing happens with all of them. I also tried burning a Ubuntu mini iso on a cd, can't remember if it was 11.10 or 12.10 but even thoguh holding c when the iMac boots up does show me the cd and I can boot from it, I get this weird error upon hitting install, it says something like invalid memory access, release keys and error strings I can't read. I don't have any original DVDs from this iMac and can't run hardware diagnostics. WHatever option I try at the command prompt from the mini ubuntu cd I get the same result, error code and openfirmware backdrop that's frozen. I noticed that the pen drive I created on my dads Win7 laptop is formated with MS-DOS but I can still mount it no problem, so it shouldn't have a problem booting it, right? I used the advice on ubuntu.com to make it, from here. Also, my partition is HFS+ so I can't use it as a hard drive and boot from it. I don' have 2 partitions either, just one HDD, one partition. Please help!!!

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• Ubuntu 12.04 share the internet over WiFi from wvdial?

  - by Sour Lemon

  I have just installed Ubuntu 12.04 on a separate partition on my hard drive so I can dual boot to either Windows 7 or Ubuntu. I am living in Japan and so I'm using a mobile broadband USB device called "Softbank C02LC". By default it seems that this device isn't recognised so I did the following: Terminal: sudo su nano /usr/bin/usbModemScript Nano: #!/bin/bash echo 1c9e 9900 > /sys/bus/usb-serial/drivers/option1/new_id Terminal: chmod +x /usr/bin/usbModemScript nano /etc/udev/rules.d/option.rules Nano: ATTRS{idVendor}=="1c9e", ATTRS{idProduct}=="9900", RUN+="/usr/bin/usbModemScript" ATTRS{idVendor}=="1c9e", ATTRS{idProduct}=="9900", RUN+="/sbin/modprobe option" which made the device visible from the network manager etc. However even though I set up my details correctly when I created a new connection (Correct username, APN etc) as soon as I try to connect it almost immediately disconnects. Because of this I then followed the instructions at this site: http://debugitos.main.jp/index.php?Ubuntu%2F%A5%E2%A5%D0%A5%A4%A5%EB%A5%A4%A5%F3%A5%BF%A1%BC%A5%CD%A5%C3%A5%C8 And I ended up using the c02lc_connect script at the bottom of the page to connect to the internet. The file contains the following bash script: #!/bin/sh usbinterfece=/dev/ttyUSB2 VID=1c9e PID=9900 WRONG_PID=f000 LSUSB=/usr/sbin/lsusb GREP=/bin/grep MODPROBE=/sbin/modprobe SWITCH=/usr/sbin/usb_modeswitch SWITCH_D=/etc/usb_modeswitch.d WVDIAL=/usr/bin/wvdial SLEEP=/bin/sleep SUDO=/usr/bin/sudo WHICH=/usr/bin/which switch_config="$SWITCH_D/$VID:$WRONG_PID" if ! [ -x $WVDIAL -a -x $SWITCH ]; then echo "Install wvdial and usb_modeswitch." exit 0 fi check_usb() { local vid="$1" local pid="$2" ($LSUSB | $GREP "$vid:$pid") } if ! (check_usb "$VID" "$PID"); then echo "Cannot find modem device..." if (check_usb "$VID" "$WRONG_PID") && ( [ -f "$switch_config" ] ); then echo "The device is attached but its mode is wrong." echo "Try usb_modeswitch..." $SUDO $SWITCH -c "$switch_config" $SLEEP 1 if (check_usb "$VID" "$PID"); then echo "Successfully switched the mode." else echo "Failed to switch the mode..." exit 1 fi else exit 1 fi fi if [ ! -c "$usbinterface" ]; then $SUDO $MODPROBE usbserial vendor=0x$VID product=0x$PID $SLEEP 2 fi $SUDO $WVDIAL which works completely fine - no problems what-so-ever. But we also have 1 more laptop here which I need to share the internet connection with. In Windows 7 I do this with the Connectify program, and in Ubuntu I have seen that you can do things like set up hotspots etc. But because I am using WvDial I am not sure how I would share the internet. I am only beginning to use Ubuntu but unfortunately until I can figure out how to share the internet over WiFi when connected via WvDial I have to stick with Windows. If you have any ideas on how to do this it would be much appreciated!

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• Zenoss Setup for Windows Servers

  - by Jay Fox

  Recently I was saddled with standing up Zenoss for our enterprise.  We're running about 1200 servers, so manually touching each box was not an option.  We use LANDesk for a lot of automated installs and patching - more about that later.The steps below may not necessarily have to be completed in this order - it's just the way I did it.STEP ONE:Setup a standard AD user.  We want to do this so there's minimal security exposure.  Call the account what ever you want "domain/zenoss" for our examples.***********************************************************STEP TWO:Make the following local groups accessible by your zenoss account.Distributed COM UsersPerformance Monitor UsersEvent Log Readers (which doesn't exist on pre-2008 machines)Here's the Powershell script I used to setup access to these local groups:# Created to add Active Directory account to local groups# Must be run from elevated prompt, with permissions on the remote machine(s).# Create txt file should contain the names of the machines that need the account added, one per line.# Script will process machines line by line.foreach($i in (gc c:\tmp\computers.txt)){# Add the user to the first group$objUser=[ADSI]("WinNT://domain/zenoss")$objGroup=[ADSI]("WinNT://$i/Distributed COM Users")$objGroup.PSBase.Invoke("Add",$objUser.PSBase.Path)# Add the user to the second group$objUser=[ADSI]("WinNT://domain/zenoss")$objGroup=[ADSI]("WinNT://$i/Performance Monitor Users")$objGroup.PSBase.Invoke("Add",$objUser.PSBase.Path)# Add the user to the third group - Group doesn't exist on < Server 2008#$objUser=[ADSI]("WinNT://domain/zenoss")#$objGroup=[ADSI]("WinNT://$i/Event Log Readers")#$objGroup.PSBase.Invoke("Add",$objUser.PSBase.Path)}**********************************************************STEP THREE:Setup security on the machines namespace so our domain/zenoss account can access itThe default namespace for zenoss is:  root/cimv2Here's the Powershell script:#Grant account defined below (line 11) access to WMI Namespace#Has to be run as account with permissions on remote machinefunction get-sid{Param ($DSIdentity)$ID = new-object System.Security.Principal.NTAccount($DSIdentity)return $ID.Translate( [System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier] ).toString()}$sid = get-sid "domain\zenoss"$SDDL = "A;;CCWP;;;$sid" $DCOMSDDL = "A;;CCDCRP;;;$sid"$computers = Get-Content "c:\tmp\computers.txt"foreach ($strcomputer in $computers){    $Reg = [WMIClass]"\\$strcomputer\root\default:StdRegProv"    $DCOM = $Reg.GetBinaryValue(2147483650,"software\microsoft\ole","MachineLaunchRestriction").uValue    $security = Get-WmiObject -ComputerName $strcomputer -Namespace root/cimv2 -Class __SystemSecurity    $converter = new-object system.management.ManagementClass Win32_SecurityDescriptorHelper    $binarySD = @($null)    $result = $security.PsBase.InvokeMethod("GetSD",$binarySD)    $outsddl = $converter.BinarySDToSDDL($binarySD[0])    $outDCOMSDDL = $converter.BinarySDToSDDL($DCOM)    $newSDDL = $outsddl.SDDL += "(" + $SDDL + ")"    $newDCOMSDDL = $outDCOMSDDL.SDDL += "(" + $DCOMSDDL + ")"    $WMIbinarySD = $converter.SDDLToBinarySD($newSDDL)    $WMIconvertedPermissions = ,$WMIbinarySD.BinarySD    $DCOMbinarySD = $converter.SDDLToBinarySD($newDCOMSDDL)    $DCOMconvertedPermissions = ,$DCOMbinarySD.BinarySD    $result = $security.PsBase.InvokeMethod("SetSD",$WMIconvertedPermissions)     $result = $Reg.SetBinaryValue(2147483650,"software\microsoft\ole","MachineLaunchRestriction", $DCOMbinarySD.binarySD)}***********************************************************STEP FOUR:Get the SID for our zenoss account.Powershell#Provide AD User get SID$objUser = New-Object System.Security.Principal.NTAccount("domain", "zenoss") $strSID = $objUser.Translate([System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier]) $strSID.Value******************************************************************STEP FIVE:Modify the Service Control Manager to allow access to the zenoss AD account.This command can be run from an elevated command line, or through Powershellsc sdset scmanager "D:(A;;CC;;;AU)(A;;CCLCRPRC;;;IU)(A;;CCLCRPRC;;;SU)(A;;CCLCRPWPRC;;;SY)(A;;KA;;;BA)(A;;CCLCRPRC;;;PUT_YOUR_SID_HERE_FROM STEP_FOUR)S:(AU;FA;KA;;;WD)(AU;OIIOFA;GA;;;WD)"******************************************************************In step two the script plows through a txt file that processes each computer listed on each line.  For the other scripts I ran them on each machine using LANDesk.  You can probably edit those scripts to process a text file as well.That's what got me off the ground monitoring the machines using Zenoss.  Hopefully this is helpful for you.  Watch the line breaks when copy the scripts.

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• determine if udp socket can be accessed via external client

  - by JohnMerlino

  I don't have access to company firewall server. but supposedly the port 1720 is open on my one ubuntu server. So I want to test it with netcat: sudo nc -ul 1720 The port is listening on the machine ITSELF: sudo netstat -tulpn | grep nc udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:1720 0.0.0.0:* 29477/nc The port is open and in use on the machine ITSELF: lsof -i -n -P | grep 1720 gateway 980 myuser 8u IPv4 187284576 0t0 UDP *:1720 Checked the firewall on current server: sudo ufw allow 1720/udp Skipping adding existing rule Skipping adding existing rule (v6) sudo ufw status verbose | grep 1720 1720/udp ALLOW IN Anywhere 1720/udp ALLOW IN Anywhere (v6) But I try echoing data to it from another computer (I replaced the x's with the real integers): echo "Some data to send" | nc xx.xxx.xx.xxx 1720 But it didn't write anything. So then I try with telnet from the other computer as well: telnet xx.xxx.xx.xxx 1720 Trying xx.xxx.xx.xxx... telnet: connect to address xx.xxx.xx.xxx: Operation timed out telnet: Unable to connect to remote host Although I don't think telnet works with udp sockets. I ran nmap from another computer within the same local network and this is what I got: sudo nmap -v -A -sU -p 1720 xx.xxx.xx.xx Starting Nmap 5.21 ( http://nmap.org ) at 2013-10-31 15:41 EDT NSE: Loaded 36 scripts for scanning. Initiating Ping Scan at 15:41 Scanning xx.xxx.xx.xx [4 ports] Completed Ping Scan at 15:41, 0.10s elapsed (1 total hosts) Initiating Parallel DNS resolution of 1 host. at 15:41 Completed Parallel DNS resolution of 1 host. at 15:41, 0.00s elapsed Initiating UDP Scan at 15:41 Scanning xtremek.com (xx.xxx.xx.xx) [1 port] Completed UDP Scan at 15:41, 0.07s elapsed (1 total ports) Initiating Service scan at 15:41 Initiating OS detection (try #1) against xtremek.com (xx.xxx.xx.xx) Retrying OS detection (try #2) against xtremek.com (xx.xxx.xx.xx) Initiating Traceroute at 15:41 Completed Traceroute at 15:41, 0.01s elapsed NSE: Script scanning xx.xxx.xx.xx. NSE: Script Scanning completed. Nmap scan report for xtremek.com (xx.xxx.xx.xx) Host is up (0.00013s latency). PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 1720/udp closed unknown Too many fingerprints match this host to give specific OS details Network Distance: 1 hop TRACEROUTE (using port 1720/udp) HOP RTT ADDRESS 1 0.13 ms xtremek.com (xx.xxx.xx.xx) Read data files from: /usr/share/nmap OS and Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at http://nmap.org/submit/ . Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 2.04 seconds Raw packets sent: 27 (2128B) | Rcvd: 24 (2248B). The only thing I can think of is a firewall or vpn issue. Is there anything else I can check for before requesting that they look at the firewall server again?

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• Best language on Linux to replace manual tasks that use SSH/Telnet? [on hold]

  - by Calab

  I've been tasked to create and maintain a web browser based interface to replace several of the manual tasks that we perform now. I currently have a "shakey" but working program written in Perl (2779 lines) that uses basic Expect coding, but it has some limitations that require a great deal of coding to get around. Because of this I am going to do a complete rewrite and want to do it "right" this time. My question is this... What would be the best language to use to create a web based interface to perform SSH/Telnet tasks that we would normally do manually? Keep in mind the following requirements: Runs on a CentOS Linux system v5.10 Http will be served by Apache2 This is an INTRANET site and only accessible within our organization. User load will be light. No more that 5 users accessing it at one time. perl 5.8.8, php 5.3.3, python 2.7.2 are available... Not sure what other languages to check for, or what modules might be installed in each language. The web interface will need to provide progress indicators and text output produced by the remote connection, in real time as it is generated. If we are running our process on multiple hosts, they should be in individual threads so that they can run side by side, not sequentially. I want the ability to "trap" on specific text generated by the remote host and display an alert to the user - such as when the remote host generates an error message. I would like to avoid as much client side scripting (javascript/vbscript) as I can. Most users will be on Windows PC's using Chrome or IE as a browser. Users will be downloading the resulting output so they can process it as they see fit. I currently have no experience with "Ajax" or the like. Most of my coding experience is old 6809 assembly, Visual Basic 6, and whatever I can cut/paste from online examples in various languages (hence my "shaky" Perl program) My coding environment is Eclipse for remote code editing, but I prefer stuff like UltraEdit if I can get a decent syntax file for the language I'm using. I do have su access on the server, but I'm not the only one using this server so I can't just upgrade/install blindly as I might impact other software currently running on the machine. One reason that I'm asking here, instead of searching (which I did) is that most replies were, "use language 'xyz', but you need to use an external SSH connection" - like I'm using Expect in my Perl script. Most also did not agree on what language that 'xyz' should be. ...so, after this long posting, can someone offer some advice?

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• AclPermissionsFacet fault install SQL-2008-R2

  - by photo_tom

  While attempting to do an installation repair of SQL-2008R2, I'm failing the pre-check rules. Module that is failing is AclPermissionsFacet - with this message "The SQL Server registry keys from a prior installation cannot be modified. To continue, see SQL Server Setup documentation about how to fix registry keys." In the log file "Detail_GlobalRules.txt", I've been able to find the following error messages - 2010-09-05 07:24:39 Slp: Could not open sub key key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL10.MSSQLSERVER\MSSearch. 2010-09-05 07:24:39 Slp: Could not open sub key key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL10.MSSQLSERVER\SQLServerSCP. 2010-09-05 07:24:39 Slp: Could not open sub key key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL10.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQLServer. 2010-09-05 07:24:39 Slp: Could not open sub key key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL10.MSSQLSERVER\SQLServerAgent. When I look at these keys in the registry, all of their permissions are blank. My problem is that I cannot find any good information on how to reset these keys. This is on my new home dev and I think during the migration from my previous machine, these settings got corrupted on my new box. In reviewing the web, there doesn't seem to be good infomration. And what there is suggests using subinacl.exe. But after trying it and seeing it is an XP based program, I'm at a loss on how to continue. Configuration - Windows 7/64bit Home Edition, SQL2008R2, 6gb ram. Suggestions? Su

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• OTRS upgrade 3.0 to 3.1 fails

  - by Valentin0S

  Today I've started upgrading OTRS from version 2.3 to 2.4 , 2.4 to 3.0 and 3.0 to 3.1. Everything went smoothly except the upgrade from 3.0 to 3.1 OTRS provides a few perl scripts which make the upgrade easier. I've used these scripts for each upgrade step. The upgrade from 3.0 to 3.1 fails at the following after using the upgrade script. scripts/DBUpdate-to-3.1.pl The error is : root@tickets:/opt/otrs# su - otrs $ scripts/DBUpdate-to-3.1.pl Migration started... Step 1 of 24: Refresh configuration cache... If you see warnings about 'Subroutine Load redefined', that's fine, no need to worry! Subroutine Load redefined at /opt/otrs/Kernel/Config/Files/ZZZAAuto.pm line 5. Subroutine Load redefined at /opt/otrs/Kernel/Config/Files/ZZZAuto.pm line 4. done. Step 2 of 24: Check framework version... done. Step 3 of 24: Creating DynamicField tables (if necessary)... done. DBD::mysql::db do failed: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`pp_otrs`.`dynamic_field`, CONSTRAINT `FK_dynamic_field_create_by_id` FOREIGN KEY (`create_by`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`)) at /opt/otrs-3.1.10/Kernel/System/DB.pm line 478. ERROR: OTRS-DBUpdate-to-3.1-10 Perl: 5.14.2 OS: linux Time: Wed Sep 5 15:36:20 2012 Message: Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`pp_otrs`.`dynamic_field`, CONSTRAINT `FK_dynamic_field_create_by_id` FOREIGN KEY (`create_by`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`)), SQL: 'INSERT INTO dynamic_field (name, label, field_order, field_type, object_type, config, valid_id, create_time, create_by, change_time, change_by) VALUES (?, ?, ?, 'Text', 'Ticket', '--- {} ', 1, '2012-09-05 15:36:20' , 1, '2012-09-05 15:36:20' , 1)' Traceback (20405): Module: main::_DynamicFieldCreation (v1.85) Line: 466 Module: scripts/DBUpdate-to-3.1.pl (v1.85) Line: 95 Could not create new DynamicField TicketFreeKey1 at scripts/DBUpdate-to-3.1.pl line 477. Step 4 of 24: Create new dynamic fields for free fields (text, key, date)... $ Did anyone else face the same issue? Thanks in advance

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• Goldtouch USB Keyboard reverses keystrokes in fast typing -- expected?

  - by Justin Grant

  I am running into an odd keyboard problem: some key combinations end up reversed (e.g. "pl" ends up being emitted as "lp") when I'm typing quickly. The problematic ones are the key combos I hit with two adjacent fingers on my right hand-- in other words, the combos I can hit the fastest. No idea how fast is "fastest", but I guess around 50-150 msecs gap between them. I'm trying to track down whether this represents a failed keyboard, an inherent limitation of my Goldtouch USB keyboards, or a software problem on my Windows 7 Lenovo T500. I use a PS/2 version of the same Goldtouch keyboard at home with no problems. I've tried another USB keyboard with my laptop and can't repro the problem. I've also used this keyboard on other laptops without a problem. According to this SU thread, USB keyboards have higher latency than PS/2 keyboards-- up to 30 msecs. I find it hard to imagine that I can type key combos faster than 50 msecs, probably more like 100-150. Anyone encountered this problem with this or another keyboard? If so, how did you fix it? Any idea if there's a "keyboard log" or some way to diagnose the problem inside Windows?

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• Key-Based SSH Permission denied (publickey) Ubuntu 12-04

  - by user125176

  I have configured sshd to accept key-based ssh logins with LogLevel on DEBUG, and uploaded my public key to ~/.ssh.authorized_keys, where permissions are set as: 700 ~/.ssh 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys From root, I can su - USERNAME. From the client I get Permission denied (publicly). From the server Here's how it is telling me that it "Could not open authorized keys '/home/USERNAME/.ssh/authorized_keys': Permission denied". Client protocol version 2.0; client software version OpenSSH_5.2 match: OpenSSH_5.2 pat OpenSSH* Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.9p1 Debian-5ubuntu1 permanently_set_uid: 105/65534 [preauth] list_hostkey_types: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 [preauth] SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent [preauth] SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received [preauth] kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none [preauth] kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none [preauth] SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST received [preauth] SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP sent [preauth] expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT [preauth] SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY sent [preauth] SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent [preauth] expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS [preauth] SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received [preauth] KEX done [preauth] userauth-request for user USERNAME service ssh-connection method none [preauth] attempt 0 failures 0 [preauth] PAM: initializing for "USERNAME" PAM: setting PAM_RHOST to "USERHOSTNAME" PAM: setting PAM_TTY to "ssh" userauth_send_banner: sent [preauth] userauth-request for user USERNAME service ssh-connection method publickey [preauth] attempt 1 failures 0 [preauth] test whether pkalg/pkblob are acceptable [preauth] Checking blacklist file /usr/share/ssh/blacklist.RSA-4096 Checking blacklist file /etc/ssh/blacklist.RSA-4096 temporarily_use_uid: 1001/1002 (e=0/0) trying public key file /home/USERNAME/.ssh/authorized_keys Could not open authorized keys '/home/USERNAME/.ssh/authorized_keys': Permission denied restore_uid: 0/0 temporarily_use_uid: 1001/1002 (e=0/0) trying public key file /home/USERNAME/.ssh/authorized_keys2 Could not open authorized keys '/home/USERNAME/.ssh/authorized_keys2': Permission denied restore_uid: 0/0 Failed publickey for USERNAME from IPADDRESS port 57523 ssh2 Connection closed by IPADDRESS [preauth] do_cleanup [preauth] monitor_read_log: child log fd closed do_cleanup PAM: cleanup

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• sftpd: No available certificate or key corresponds to the SSL cipher suites which are enabled?

  - by Arcturus

  Hello. I'm trying to setup vsftpd on Fedora 12. I need to require use of FTPS, and for now need to use a self-signed SSL certificate. I managed to get the vsftpd service running and to connect as my user. I can list the home directory, but as soon as I try to list another directory, download or upload a file, I get this error: No available certificate or key corresponds to the SSL cipher suites which are enabled. And the xfer log is empty. I've been Googling it for a while now, but still can't understand the problem. Here's how I installed vsftpd: su yum install vsftpd chkconfig vsftpd on service vsftpd start I tried to generate the certificate in two ways. Here's the first one: cd /etc/vsftpd openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:1024 -keyout vsftpd.pem -out vsftpd.pem Here's the second way: cd /etc/pki/tls/certs make vsftpd.pem Here's my vsftpd configuration: anonymous_enable=NO local_enable=YES write_enable=YES local_umask=022 dirmessage_enable=YES xferlog_enable=YES connect_from_port_20=YES xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log xferlog_std_format=YES nopriv_user=ftpsecure chroot_local_user=YES chroot_list_enable=YES chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list listen=YES pam_service_name=vsftpd userlist_enable=YES tcp_wrappers=YES # SSL settings ssl_enable=YES force_local_data_ssl=YES force_local_logins_ssl=YES rsa_cert_file=/etc/pki/tls/certs/vsftpd.pem allow_anon_ssl=NO ssl_tlsv1=YES ssl_sslv2=NO ssl_sslv3=NO Does anyone know what the problem is and how to solve it?

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• emacs, colors in term-mode

  - by valya

  Hello, I use Emacs and I run bash with M-x term command. There is a problem: colors in the *terminal* buffer aren't the same as in Gnome Terminal, and they are worse (do you need a screen shot?). How can I fix this? This is pretty annoying :-) Thank you! Linux Mint 9 Emacs 23.1.1 x86_64 __________________ /home/valentin/Work/buzzoola/buzzoola/test/vagrant [.../vagrant]$ echo $TERM eterm-color __________________ /home/valentin/Work/buzzoola/buzzoola/test/vagrant [.../vagrant]$ echo $LS_COLORS rs=0:di=01;34:ln=01;36:hl=44;37:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=40;31 ;01:su=37;41:sg=30;43:ca=30;41:tw=30;42:ow=34;42:st=37;44:ex=01;32:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31: *.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.lzma=01;31:*.zip=01;31:*.z=01;31:*.Z=01;31:*.dz=01;31 :*.gz=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.bz=01;31:*.tbz2=01;31:*.tz=01;31:*.deb=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.jar=01 ;31:*.rar=01;31:*.ace=01;31:*.zoo=01;31:*.cpio=01;31:*.7z=01;31:*.rz=01;31:*.jpg=01;35:*.jp eg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.pbm=01;35:*.pgm=01;35:*.ppm=01;35:*.tga=01;35:*.xbm=01;3 5:*.xpm=01;35:*.tif=01;35:*.tiff=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.svg=01;35:*.svgz=01;35:*.mng=01;35:*.p cx=01;35:*.mov=01;35:*.mpg=01;35:*.mpeg=01;35:*.m2v=01;35:*.mkv=01;35:*.ogm=01;35:*.mp4=01; 35:*.m4v=01;35:*.mp4v=01;35:*.vob=01;35:*.qt=01;35:*.nuv=01;35:*.wmv=01;35:*.asf=01;35:*.rm =01;35:*.rmvb=01;35:*.flc=01;35:*.avi=01;35:*.fli=01;35:*.flv=01;35:*.gl=01;35:*.dl=01;35:* .xcf=01;35:*.xwd=01;35:*.yuv=01;35:*.axv=01;35:*.anx=01;35:*.ogv=01;35:*.ogx=01;35:*.aac=00 ;36:*.au=00;36:*.flac=00;36:*.mid=00;36:*.midi=00;36:*.mka=00;36:*.mp3=00;36:*.mpc=00;36:*. ogg=00;36:*.ra=00;36:*.wav=00;36:*.axa=00;36:*.oga=00;36:*.spx=00;36:*.xspf=00;36:

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• Can I change the "From" name and address without going into Mail.app's preferences?

  - by Arjan van Bentem

  Can I somehow add an editable "From" field to Mail.app, a bit like Virtual Identity for Thunderbird, just like I could change the "Reply To" address on the fly? In Mail.app, one can set up multiple email addresses for a single account by just entering a comma-seperated list like [email protected], [email protected]. Next, when composing a message, Mail offers a dropdown to select a "From" address. And when replying†, it automatically selects the right address if it can find a match: Nice, but I'd like to be able to change the "From" on the fly, without going into the Account Information. Also, in previous versions of Mail one could even specify multiple Full Names for a single account: Email Address: Arjan <[email protected]>, Arjan on SU <[email protected]> But nowadays, Mail only uses the setting of Full Name, and even ignores names in the Email Address field when no value for Full Name is set at all. Hence, it would be great if I could change the Full Name on the fly as well. I had no luck finding a plugin for Mail yet. † When using sub-addressing, anything that is sent to [email protected] is simply delivered to [email protected]. I'd then like to reply with the same full address, rather than just [email protected] if Mail cannot find a match, without going into the Account Information first. I sometimes also want to compose a new message with a new sub-addressing-address.

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• Can a wifi AP act as a client, and a server at the same time?

  - by nbolton

  I feel this is SF worthy (as opposed to SU) as I go into a bit of detail on gateways/routing. Here's my ideal setup (if possible) -- there is a wifi network (lets call it bob's) with which I want access to, but I have a few other computers on my network which I want to keep behind a firewall. So I was thinking of buying a wireless access point so that I could set it up to connect to bob's network from the AP, and then from my server, connect to the AP via ethernet. So that's the first bit. Second part is that I want to have my own private wifi network off the back of this; can I then tell the AP to serve a new network called foobar. When I say private network, I mean that my server is actually a Debian linux install with routing configured (and I also do some QoS stuff on, etc). So ideally, I'd like all the clients on the private network to be behind the server in terms of routing. However, if the private clients connect to the server via wifi, then aren't they exposed to the "public" network? That is, if someone is savvy enough to scan for my IP range. Also, to do routing I'd need to connect two ethernet cables between the server and the AP (because you can't do routing/QoS on virtual devices) -- which isn't a problem really; but I'm not sure whether the AP will allow me to separate the public and private LANs. Or, as well as the AP, am I better getting a wifi-to-ethernet adapter for the server? I could use a wifi usb, but this can be tricky to set up on headless linux; plus the signal strength is a bit lousy. If this question is a bit vague/spurious in places, please comment and I will explain in more detail.

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• Hudson Mercurial checkout throws exception on Debian

  - by Jack

  I'm trying to configure Hudson to checkout my site's sources from Mercurial but it throws an exception. The /var/lib/hudson/jobs/jobname directory does exist, and I can create a workspace directory in there (even after su hudson), but as soon as I run the Hudson job again this directory disappears and the job ends with the same error: java.io.IOException: Cannot run program "hg" (in directory "/var/lib/hudson/jobs/jobname/workspace"): java.io.IOException: error=2, No such file or directory at java.lang.ProcessBuilder.start(ProcessBuilder.java:460) at hudson.Proc$LocalProc.<init>(Proc.java:192) at hudson.Proc$LocalProc.<init>(Proc.java:164) at hudson.Launcher$LocalLauncher.launch(Launcher.java:639) at hudson.Launcher$ProcStarter.start(Launcher.java:274) at hudson.Launcher$ProcStarter.join(Launcher.java:281) at hudson.plugins.mercurial.MercurialSCM.joinWithPossibleTimeout(MercurialSCM.java:298) at hudson.plugins.mercurial.HgExe.popen(HgExe.java:191) at hudson.plugins.mercurial.HgExe.tip(HgExe.java:171) at hudson.plugins.mercurial.MercurialSCM.calcRevisionsFromBuild(MercurialSCM.java:254) at hudson.scm.SCM._calcRevisionsFromBuild(SCM.java:304) at hudson.model.AbstractProject.calcPollingBaseline(AbstractProject.java:1183) at hudson.model.AbstractProject.checkout(AbstractProject.java:1172) at hudson.model.AbstractBuild$AbstractRunner.checkout(AbstractBuild.java:499) at hudson.model.AbstractBuild$AbstractRunner.run(AbstractBuild.java:415) at hudson.model.Run.run(Run.java:1362) at hudson.model.FreeStyleBuild.run(FreeStyleBuild.java:46) at hudson.model.ResourceController.execute(ResourceController.java:88) at hudson.model.Executor.run(Executor.java:145) Caused by: java.io.IOException: java.io.IOException: error=2, No such file or directory at java.lang.UNIXProcess.<init>(UNIXProcess.java:148) at java.lang.ProcessImpl.start(ProcessImpl.java:65) at java.lang.ProcessBuilder.start(ProcessBuilder.java:453) Running on Debian 6.0.1 I wonder if anyone has ran into this before, and hopefully solved it?

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• Is there a way to tell SGE to run specific jobs as root on the execution node?

  - by Rick Reynolds

  The title kinda says it all... We're using SGE/OGE to submit jobs to a set of worker nodes that then do things with specific pieces of equipment. The programs and scripts that have been created that manipulate this equipment rely on running as root. I'd like SGE to handle allocation of resources in a way that is mindful of users, groups, projects, etc., but I also need the actual jobs to run with root permissions. I've read up on How can one run a prologue script as root in gridengine? to see if anything there was pertinent, but it seems that SGE is providing the "user@" kind of spec specifically for prolog and epilog kinds of actions. Is there any similar functionality for the job itself? I'm aware of su/sudo approaches, but that won't really work in this environment because the sudoers file isn't globally managed (i.e. I'd have to add a whole set of users to /etc/sudoers on lots of machines). I'm currently looking into a setuid kind of solution, but that would definitely be an unnecessary kind of work-around if SGE provides me a way to declare that a specific job (or jobs in a specific queue) always needs to run with a specific user's rights.

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• What is the advantage of not running as root? [closed]

  - by Shmuel Brill

  Possible Duplicate: What's wrong with always being root? All modern brands of Linux highly discourage (or disable) one from running as root instead of a normal user. I do not understand why. As a "normal" user, one could Download a rouge program from the internet. Run it (After all, one isn't root, what can it do). It installs itself in .bashrc or .xinitrc It writes a rouge "sudo" and "su" and adds . to the path Not noticing that . is in path, one runs sudo. The rouge program now has root password and can do anything it wants in the system. Even if 3-6 doesn't happen, the program could still Be part of a botnet. Read all files in the home directory and send them back (mine for SS#, Credit Card numbers, bank account numbers, etc). Send spam. Run a backdoor server to allow an attacker a chance to connect to the machine to determine vulnerabilities. It seems that the whole "permissions" thing (root/non-root) is just to prevent amateur crackers from getting into the system, so the question is: Is there a point in avoiding running as root, and is there a way to protect oneself if one wants to run unsafe code?

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• ATI gpu (video accel, decode, encode, ATI Stream, DXVA)

  - by Shiki

  Okay its a long question title for sure. I'm looking for a new video card (yes,SU is not a page for that, but wait). I've been a loyal NVidia customer ever since, now using a 8600gts. Old but still somewhat good, its a bit slow though. I want an upgrade because 8600gts wont support better vdpau and new features. I checked out the prices and the documents, I would need a GTX260 card. Which costs ..well.. a lot. ATI performs much better for that price. (At least on every test it outperforms GTX260). However, as far as I know there is no gpu accel with ATI. The things you can use is DXVA only, no other method. Could you correct me out there? Will be there a gpu accel for ATI also? Or is there one available? (DXVA is not bad, but kinda slow compared to NVIdia's CUDA.) What about openCL? How does ATI support that? (I'm talking about the 5850 ATI card at the minute, I would buy that instead of the NVidia.)

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• Default or fink python and lxml under 10.6.8

  - by songdogtech

  Ah, confusion. I'm trying to install a python library called lxml as needed by a python script. I've been through numerous SU quesitons and answers. I haven't been able to make much progress. I run easy_install lxml and get: Processing lxml-3.0.1-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg lxml 3.0.1 is already the active version in easy-install.pth Using /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/lxml-3.0.1-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg Processing dependencies for lxml Finished processing dependencies for lxml but when I run my script, I get: File "scraper.py", line 3, in import lxml.html File "/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/lxml-3.0.1-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/lxml/html/init.py", line 42, in from lxml import etree ImportError: dlopen(/Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/lxml-3.0.1-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/lxml/etree.so, 2): Symbol not found: _htmlParseChunk Referenced from: /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/lxml-3.0.1-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/lxml/etree.so Expected in: flat namespace in /Library/Python/2.6/site-packages/lxml-3.0.1-py2.6-macosx-10.6-universal.egg/lxml/etree.so I think that maybe I'm not using the correct python install? I've installed python with fink, but should I use OS X's python? This is in my .profile: test -r /sw/bin/init.sh && . /sw/bin/init.sh which points to the fink install. echo $PATH gives me: /sw/bin:/sw/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin Should I change that to point to snow leopard's python? (Which is 2.6.1) In Library/, there is: which are the lxml libaries I need, it appears, as well as requests. And whereis python gives me /usr/bin/python What do I do? How do I get python to use these libraries. And which python?

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• DIY NAS - links for Instructions

  - by Kaushik Gopal

  Good folk of SU, I'm planning to build a NAS (Network Access Storage). I'm planning to do it cheap (:read Old PC Config + Open source software). I was looking for good DIY links . Before you shoot this down as a Repost, I'm only looking for good links containing detailed instructions for setting up a NAS. I did a fair bit of searching and found these links (so please suggest others. While these links are great they delve more on the hardware side, i'm looking for more instructions in the software side). For the sake of the interwebs: Ubuntu: http://snarfquest.com/wiki/index.php/Setting_up_a_Home_NAS http://www.smallnetbuilder.com/content/view/27962/77/ http://jonpeck.blogspot.com/2006/11/how-to-configure-80-fileserver-in-45.html FreeNAS http://www.smallbusinesscomputing.com/webmaster/article.php/3719706 http://www.codeproject.com/KB/system/homemade_nas.aspxhttp://www.codeproject.com/KB/system/homemade_nas.aspx There was one at rubbervir.us that everyone points to, but apparently the site has gone down. A couple of other queries: Is Printer/Scanner sharing a possibility with NAS devices? Many talk of torrent support with NAS Devices, a little more light on this? Does this mean, an auto download of torrent through a feed into NAS, or just support for storing Torrent download files onto the NAS(don't see the difference between the latter and a normal file tranfer)

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• Proftpd on Debian ignoring umask setting

  - by sodan

  I have found a solution for my problem. This is what I did: I added the following to my /etc/proftpd/proftpd.conf: <Limit SITE_CHMOD> DenyAll </Limit> I have the following problem: When I upload files to my FTP server the umask I set is totally ignored. All files have permissions 644. I use Debian 5.0.3 as operating system and proftpd 1.3.1 as ftp server. The user logging in is called mug and he is a local user (no virtual user). He is chrooted to the home directory /home/mug/ I tried the following things: 1. set umask setting in /etc/proftpd/proftpd.conf Umask 000 000 This should result in 777 for directories and 666 for files since directory umask is applied to 777 and file umask is applied to 666. After that I of course restarted the proftpd to be sure that the config is reloaded. 2. set umask for the user in /home/mug/.bashrc I added the following to the .bashrc for the user: umask 0000 After that I reloaded the .bashrc: source /home/mug/.bashrc I also checked the umask setting for the user by changing to the user and using this command: su mug umask As result I got a umask of 0000 prompted. So this worked. But still all my uploaded files are having 644 permissions set :( What am I doing wrong?

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• How to use Windows mini-dump files?

  - by ekaj

  I have a Mini-ITX Intel DH61AG mobo w/ an Intel i3 processor and 8GB of 1600MHz DDR3 RAM. Anyways, this computer has been crashing kind of frequently. It is not an OS problem, as I have used Ubuntu (and had kernel panics), Windows 7, and Windows 8 (BSODs aren't going to keep me from tinkering =p) Anyways, each of these OSes have had problems, so I ran a HDD check, and I know it is not a heat issue because I tested the processor for a few days when I first put the computer together. When I ran memtest86+, however, I got an error - so I did individual testing, and both chips came back good, did a really intense test with both of them again (took half a day), and no errors. So, I still think the problem could be RAM, but I am not sure - I tested it pretty extensively (might let it run all night again tonight)... which brings me to my point. Could someone explain to me (in simple terms if possible) how to READ the minidump files of Windows computers? I've tried before with a guide I found online, but failed miserably (can't remember guide, either =/). I'm fine with installing the software, I will probably need it sometime in the future as well. I have seen a few other posts on SU that just ask people to post minidump logs, but I feel as if that is too localized. Would someone be able to explain this? Note: If someone knows how to do this, but doesn't want to explain and is still willing to help me, this is the link for the minidump file =p Make sure to click

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• How can I get the root account to generate an acceptable ssh key?

  - by Jamie

  On an ubuntu machine I did the following: ~$ sudo su - [sudo] password for jamie: root@mydomain:~# ssh-keygen -t rsa Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: 12:34:56:78:9a:bc:de:f0:12:34:56:78:9a:bc:de:f0 [email protected] The key's randomart image is: +--[ RSA 2048]----+ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | +-----------------+ root@mydomain:~# cat /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh -p 443 [email protected] 'cat > authorized_keys' [email protected]'s password: root@mydomain:~# ssh -p 443 [email protected] [email protected]'s password: It's asking me for a password. However, using a regular account, the following works: $ cd ; ssh-keygen -t rsa ; cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh [email protected] 'cat >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys' $ ssh [email protected] Last login: Thu Oct 24 14:48:41 2013 from 173.45.232.105 [[email protected] ~]$ Which leads me to believe it's not an issue of authorized_keys versus authorized_keys2 or permissions. Why does the 'root' account accessing the remote 'jamie' account not work? The remote machine is CentOS if that's relevant.

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• How to test email spam scores with amavis?

  - by CaptSaltyJack

  I'd like a way to test a spam message to see its spam scores that SpamAssassin gives it. The SA db files (bayes_toks, etc) reside in /var/lib/amavis/.spamassassin. I've been testing emails by doing this: sudo su amavis -c 'spamassassin -t msgfile' Though this yields some strange results, such as: Content analysis details: (3.7 points, 5.0 required) pts rule name description ---- ---------------------- -------------------------------------------------- 3.5 BAYES_99 BODY: Bayes spam probability is 99 to 100% [score: 1.0000] -0.0 NO_RELAYS Informational: message was not relayed via SMTP 0.0 LONG_TERM_PRICE BODY: LONG_TERM_PRICE 0.2 BAYES_999 BODY: Bayes spam probability is 99.9 to 100% [score: 1.0000] -0.0 NO_RECEIVED Informational: message has no Received headers 0.2 is an awfully low scores for BAYES_999! But this is the first time I've used amavis, previously I've always just used spamassassin directly as a content filter in postfix, but apparently running amavis/spamassassin is more efficient. So, with amavis in the picture, how can I run a test on a message to see its spam score breakdown? Another email I ran a test on got this result: 2.0 BAYES_80 BODY: Bayes spam probability is 80 to 95% [score: 0.8487] Doesn't make sense, that BAYES_80 can yield a higher score than BAYES_999. Help!

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• Chmod 644 on /etc/ any way to fix?

  - by DazSlayer

  I tried to tab complete something and I guess it wasnt there. I know you are not supposed to set the permissions to /etc/ like that, but my permissions seem to be all messed up. whoami prints out cannot find name for user ID 1002 and I cannot cd into /etc/ anymore. passwd and shadow use 640 and 644 so I am not sure why this is a problem. Regardless, is there any way to fix this? The command run was sudo chmod 644 /etc/ I have no name!@vpn-server:/$ whoami whoami: cannot find name for user ID 1002 I have no name!@vpn-server:/$ cd etc bash: cd: etc: Permission denied I have no name!@vpn-server:/$ ls -al etc d????????? ? ? ? ? ? . d????????? ? ? ? ? ? .. d????????? ? ? ? ? ? acpi -????????? ? ? ? ? ? adduser.conf I have no name!@vpn-server:/$ sudo su sudo: can't open /etc/sudoers: Permission denied

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