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• Map /dev/bus/usb node to /sys node on Linux

  - by Cody Brocious

  I'm using libusb to find and access a USB device, but once I get the information I need from there, I need to map it to a /sys node. This could be to the actual USB bus it's on, the /sys/bus/usb-serial node (which is where I'm going to get eventually), or effectively anywhere else since I can walk the tree from there. I can get to a /dev/bus/usb node easily enough, but I'm a bit lost from there. What would be the best route to perform this mapping? Alternatively, a way to get the /dev/ttyUSB device node for a /dev/bus/usb node would work as well, since it gets me the same result.

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• Booting from a USB drive that was originally a boot drive

  - by daveh551

  When Win 7 went RTM, I upgraded my laptop from XP. But to protect myself against the possibility of having data inaccessible, I got a new disk and put it in the laptop, and took the old (XP) disk and put it in a USB enclosure. I have no trouble accessing the data on the USB drive under Windows 7. But I would like to be able to plug it in, tell the BIOS to boot from the USB drive, and be back on my old machine. The laptop is a Dell Precision M90, and it has a boot from USB option in its boot menu. But when I try to do that, it does read the drive, gets as far as putting up the Windows XP splash screen and starting the boot progress bar, and then reboots. What do I need to do to the old disk now running on USB to allow the machine to boot from it?

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• juju -v status ERROR Invalid SSH key

  - by Captain T

  root@cloudcontrol:/storage# juju -v status 2012-06-07 11:19:47,602 DEBUG Initializing juju status runtime 2012-06-07 11:19:47,621 INFO Connecting to environment... 2012-06-07 11:19:47,905 DEBUG Connecting to environment using node-386077143930... 2012-06-07 11:19:47,906 DEBUG Spawning SSH process with remote_user="ubuntu" remote_host="node-386077143930" remote_port="2181" local_port="57004". The authenticity of host 'node-386077143930 (10.5.5.113)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is 31:94:89:62:69:83:24:23:5f:02:70:53:93:54:b1:c5. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes 2012-06-07 11:19:52,102 ERROR Invalid SSH key 2012-06-07 11:19:52,426:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@658: Client environment:zookeeper.version=zookeeper C client 3.3.5 2012-06-07 11:19:52,426:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@662: Client environment:host.name=cloudcontrol 2012-06-07 11:19:52,426:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@669: Client environment:os.name=Linux 2012-06-07 11:19:52,426:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@670: Client environment:os.arch=3.2.0-23-generic 2012-06-07 11:19:52,426:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@671: Client environment:os.version=#36-Ubuntu SMP Tue Apr 10 20:39:51 UTC 2012 2012-06-07 11:19:52,428:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@679: Client environment:user.name=sysadmin 2012-06-07 11:19:52,428:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@687: Client environment:user.home=/root 2012-06-07 11:19:52,428:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@699: Client environment:user.dir=/storage 2012-06-07 11:19:52,428:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@zookeeper_init@727: Initiating client connection, host=localhost:57004 sessionTimeout=10000 watcher=0x7feb11afc6b0 sessionId=0 sessionPasswd= context=0x2dc7d20 flags=0 2012-06-07 11:19:52,429:18541(0x7feb0e856700):ZOO_ERROR@handle_socket_error_msg@1579: Socket [127.0.0.1:57004] zk retcode=-4, errno=111(Connection refused): server refused to accept the client 2012-06-07 11:19:55,765:18541(0x7feb0e856700):ZOO_ERROR@handle_socket_error_msg@1579: Socket [127.0.0.1:57004] zk retcode=-4, errno=111(Connection refused): server refused to accept the client This is from a clean install with 2 nodes all running 12.04 Precise juju bootstrap - finishes with no errors and allocates the machine to the user but still no joy after juju environment-destroy and rebuild with different users and different nodes. Anyone got any ideas

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• Invalid SSH key erron in juju

  - by Captain T

  This is the output of juju from a clean install with 2 nodes all running 12.04 Precise juju bootstrap - finishes with no errors and allocates the machine to the user but still no joy after juju environment-destroy and rebuild with different users and different nodes. root@cloudcontrol:/storage# juju -v status 2012-06-07 11:19:47,602 DEBUG Initializing juju status runtime 2012-06-07 11:19:47,621 INFO Connecting to environment... 2012-06-07 11:19:47,905 DEBUG Connecting to environment using node-386077143930... 2012-06-07 11:19:47,906 DEBUG Spawning SSH process with remote_user="ubuntu" remote_host="node-386077143930" remote_port="2181" local_port="57004". The authenticity of host 'node-386077143930 (10.5.5.113)' can't be established. ECDSA key fingerprint is 31:94:89:62:69:83:24:23:5f:02:70:53:93:54:b1:c5. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes 2012-06-07 11:19:52,102 ERROR Invalid SSH key 2012-06-07 11:19:52,426:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@658: Client environment:zookeeper.version=zookeeper C client 3.3.5 2012-06-07 11:19:52,426:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@662: Client environment:host.name=cloudcontrol 2012-06-07 11:19:52,426:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@669: Client environment:os.name=Linux 2012-06-07 11:19:52,426:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@670: Client environment:os.arch=3.2.0-23-generic 2012-06-07 11:19:52,426:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@671: Client environment:os.version=#36-Ubuntu SMP Tue Apr 10 20:39:51 UTC 2012 2012-06-07 11:19:52,428:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@679: Client environment:user.name=sysadmin 2012-06-07 11:19:52,428:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@687: Client environment:user.home=/root 2012-06-07 11:19:52,428:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@log_env@699: Client environment:user.dir=/storage 2012-06-07 11:19:52,428:18541(0x7feb13b58700):ZOO_INFO@zookeeper_init@727: Initiating client connection, host=localhost:57004 sessionTimeout=10000 watcher=0x7feb11afc6b0 sessionId=0 sessionPasswd=<null> context=0x2dc7d20 flags=0 2012-06-07 11:19:52,429:18541(0x7feb0e856700):ZOO_ERROR@handle_socket_error_msg@1579: Socket [127.0.0.1:57004] zk retcode=-4, errno=111(Connection refused): server refused to accept the client 2012-06-07 11:19:55,765:18541(0x7feb0e856700):ZOO_ERROR@handle_socket_error_msg@1579: Socket [127.0.0.1:57004] zk retcode=-4, errno=111(Connection refused): server refused to accept the client

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• usb device in dual mode on gentoo linux

  - by Idlecool

  i am having a flip flop usb modem which has two modes 1 usb mass storage mode: root@devbox:/media/F872F0FD72F0C184/Users/idlecool/Downloads# lsusb Bus 006 Device 003: ID 19d2:fff5 ONDA Communication S.p.A. 2 usbserial mode: root@devbox:/media/F872F0FD72F0C184/Users/idlecool/Downloads# lsusb Bus 006 Device 003: ID 19d2:fffe ONDA Communication S.p.A. by default whenever i plug the modem to the usb port.. the linux machine recognize it as a usb mass storage device.. how can i make it load as usbserial device i have been using a package usb_modeswitch in the past on ubuntu 10.04 but i cannt install the same package on gentoo live cd.. even udev is not installed on live cd.. how to change the product-id of the usb device on gentoo live disc without udev.

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• Adding a new USB port inside a Macbook Pro

  - by MikeC8

  I have a USB Dongle that I'd like to put inside my Macbook Pro. I have already found a spot that will fit the dongle. The next question is splicing one of the USB ports and connecting it to the dongle. Here's a photograph of the inside of my Macbook Pro, showing the USB ports and a little gray plastic divider with four holes in it above each port. http://min.us/mvoQEem My question: Does anyone know what is inside these holes? Presumably each one is a pin for the USB port, right? Can I just stick a wire in there, giving me 4 pins, plus the fifth attached to the metal outside the port? More generally, any one have any ideas for what might be the easiest way to get a USB port inside my MBP? :) Thanks!

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• Actual High Speed USB flash drive

  - by CSkau

  I'm looking to upgrade my EEE 1000H by possibly replacing the HDD with simple (internal) usb connected storage. The problem I'm having now is that I can't seem to find any actual high speed usb sticks. They all proclaim high speeds, but usually turn out to be ~30 mb/s - much lower than the 60 mb/s (480 mbit/s / 8 ) I understand USB 2.0 is at - no ? Can anyone enlighten me as to why no USB sticks seem to go past that low bar or alternatively point me in the direction of some actual high speed usb sticks ? Any help is greatly appreciated :) Cheers!

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• USB keyboard not recognized by motherboard with only a legacy PS/2 header

  - by Luis

  I've bought a D945GSEJT Atom motheboard that has three usb ports available and no PS/2 connector, just a PS/2 header. I have a PS/2 keyboard with a PS/2 to USB adapter and connected it to a USB port. I tried all three USB ports. The problem is that the board seems to not recognize my keyboard. None of the keys I press are detected by the system. I've read that maybe I could try to change BIOS USB settings to solve this detection problem. But how can I do it if I can't type anything? Is there any other option other than buying a PS/2 adapter and plug it to the PS/2 header?

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• Syncing Large Directories/Filesystems using USB Drive [closed]

  - by Alan Lue

  Does anyone have a solution for syncing large directories/filesystems using just a USB flash drive (and specifically without using a network connection)? The objective is simply to sync a user directory between two computers. The contents of the user directory could amount to a large quantity of data—say, a quantity larger than could be stored on any single USB drive—but the aggregate size of changes that must be propagated by a single sync could easily fit on a USB drive. As an example, suppose a user directory is already synchronized between a desktop and a laptop computer. Here's a use case: Some changes are made in the user directory on the desktop. We mount a USB drive onto the desktop and copy whatever changes need to be applied to the laptop user directory in order to synchronize the desktop and laptop user directories. We now mount the USB drive onto the laptop and apply the changes. The desktop and laptop user directories are now synchronized. Any ideas? Alan

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• USB hardwares driver installation

  - by unknown (google)

  I am using few USB hardwares like camera and scanners with my software application. I plugged my hardware in USB A installed the drivers and the device was working properly. Now I tried to connect the same hardware in USB B (ie, some other USB port), and again it is asking for the driver installation. I need to know the reason behind this. Is it something to do with the particular device or system? Anywork around for this during the first time driver installation? Please anyone explain me how the USB works physical address, how it is assigned and how the driver for a device getting installed. Thanks in advance.

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• Syncing Large Directories/Filesystems using USB Drive

  - by Alan Lue

  Does anyone have a solution for syncing large directories/filesystems using just a USB flash drive (and specifically without using a network connection)? The objective is simply to sync a user directory between two computers. The contents of the user directory could amount to a large quantity of data—say, a quantity larger than could be stored on any single USB drive—but the aggregate size of changes that must be propagated by a single sync could easily fit on a USB drive. As an example, suppose a user directory is already synchronized between a desktop and a laptop computer. Here's a use case: Some changes are made in the user directory on the desktop. We mount a USB drive onto the desktop and copy whatever changes need to be applied to the laptop user directory in order to synchronize the desktop and laptop user directories. We now mount the USB drive onto the laptop and apply the changes. The desktop and laptop user directories are now synchronized. Any ideas? Alan

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• POJOs for Composite Primary Key from Foreign Key

  - by Gaurav

  hi, I have table in database that has only two columns and these two colums are FK references. they have made these two colums as composite primarykey. table structure Table A [ A_id PK Description ] Table B [ B_Id PK Description ] Table A_B_Pemissiom [ A_id (FK table A) B_Id (FK table B) PrimaryKey ( A_id,B_Id ) ] Can anyone help , I tried several ways and none of them works. Can anyone tell a working Hibernate mapping solution using annotations ? Thanks, Gaurav

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• I found two usb sticks on the ground. Now what?

  - by Stefano Borini

  As from subject. I want to see what's inside. I am seriously interested in finding the owner if possible and returning them, but I am worried it could be an attempt at social engineering. I own a macbook intel with OSX 10.6. It is a very important install. What would you do in my situation if you want to see the content without risks ? Any proposal welcome. Edit: I decided not to plug them in, and I brought them to the hotel reception. They will forward it to the police.

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• USB transfer speed "logarithmically" decreases. Why and can it be improved?

  - by starship

  I have an external hard drive. Just today I tried to copy a bigger file (it was film of ~230 MB) and at first it rushed up until ~70%. There is started decreasing. At first it started at around 56 MB/s Then it rapidly dropped to 23 MB/s (File transfer was 70% complete) Then it slowly started decreasing until it was around 2 MB/s (File was ~90% complete) When it finished the transfer it was slightly above 1.5 MB/s. To describe it graphically: If you drew a curve of the decrease it would probably resemble the graph of a logarithm function So, what I'm really asking is: "Why does this happen?" and "Is there a way around it?" Thank you!

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• does the order a composite key is defined matter?

  I have a table with (col1,col2) as a composite primary key. create table twokeytable(col1 int,col2 int,constraint twokeytable_pk primary key (col1,col2)); and another table with col3,col4 collumns witha composite foreign key(col3,col4) which references the(col1,col2) primary key. For some processing I need to drop the foreign key and primary constraints .While restoring the constraints does order of the keys matter?. are these same? create table fktwokeytable(col3 int,col4 int,constraint fkaddfaa_fk foreign key(col4,col3) references twokeytable(col1,col2)) and create table fktwokeytable(col3 int,col4 int,constraint fkaddfaa_fk foreign key(col3,col4) references twokeytable(col1,col2))

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• Strange performance differences in read/write from/to USB flash drive

  - by Mario De Schaepmeester

  When copying files from my 8GB USB 2.0 flash drive with Windows 7 to a traditional hard drive, the average speed is between 25 and 30 MB/s. When doing the reverse, copying to the USB drive, the speed is 5MB/s average. I have tested this with about 4.5GB of files, a mixture of smaller and larger ones. The observations were the same on both FAT32 and exFAT file systems on the USB drive, NTFS on the internal hard disk. I don't think I can be mistaken in saying that flash memory has a lot higher performance than a spinning hard drive in both terms of reading and writing. For both memory types, reading should be faster than writing too. Now I wonder, how can it be that copying files from a fast read memory to a faster write memory is actually slower than copying files from a fast read memory to a slow write memory? I think that the files are stored in RAM before being copied over too, and there's caching as well, but I don't see how even that could tip the balance. It can only be in the advantage of writing to the USB drive, since it is "closer" to the SATA system than the USB port and it will receive data from the internal SATA HDD faster. Perhaps my way of thinking is all wrong or it just depends on the manufacturer of the USB pen. But I am curious.

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• Copying large files from USB devices to the internal hard drive fails on Mac OS

  - by John M. P. Knox

  I have a second-generation 13" MacBook Air running Mac OS X 10.6.6 with a 2.13 GHz processor, 4 GB of RAM, and a 256 GB SSD hard disk. I often get failures when I attempt to copy a large file or large collection of files from an external USB drive (typically a "Firewire" generation Drobo) to the internal drive. The failure behaves almost exactly as if I had pulled the USB cable from the computer in mid-transfer. I get a warning that I have removed the hard disk improperly. After this event, the drive no longer appears mounted in the finder, and I have to unplug and reinsert the USB cable to mount the drive again. I have also seen a similar problem when using Aperture 3 to import a large number of photos and videos from a USB Compact Flash card reader. The import will fail and I will have to unplug the Card Reader and import the missing items. Oddly, reversing the direction of the copy seems pretty reliable. I've never had a problem copying a large file to a USB device, meaning that I have quite a few large files which are stranded on my Drobo. Model Identifier: MacBookAir3,2 Boot ROM Version: MBA31.0061.B01 I have seen a similar issue reported on Apple's website: http://discussions.apple.com/thread.jspa?threadID=2648590&tstart=0 The only suggested resolutions there seems to be switching to another form of connectivity (e.g. firewire, which does not exist on MacBook Air), or downgrading to Mac OS 10.6.4, or reverting the USB kernel extensions to the 10.6.4 versions: http://discussions.apple.com/message.jspa?messageID=12566073#12582956 I'm not too keen on the idea of downgrading kernel extensions. Does anyone know of a hardware revision without this issue that I can trade up to? Are there any other potential solutions out there?

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• Running a VM off a USB 2.0 Flash Drive - Mac/Parallels/XP

  - by geerlingguy

  I use a MacBook Air as my primary machine, and the 128GB SSD means space is precious. To save about 10 GB, I've been running Parallels with a Windows XP VM off an external USB hard drive, which performs as well in everyday use as running the VM off the internal SSD. So, I bought a tiny 32GB USB 2.0 flash drive, plugged it into the MacBook Air, formatted it first as ExFAT (which was slow), then as Mac OS Extended (Journaled) (which was also slow), and copied over my VM file, and ran Parallels off it. My full experience is documented here: http://www.midwesternmac.com/blogs/jeff-geerling/running-windows-xp-vm Straight file copies are really fast — 30 MB/sec read (solid the whole time), and 10-11 MB/sec write (solid the whole time). But I noticed that once XP started running, the disk access rates were in the low KB ranges. Are USB flash drives really that poor at random access, or could I possibly be missing something (the format of the flash drive, etc.?)? Of note, I've tried the following, to no great effect: Formatting the drive as either ExFAT or Mac OS Extended (Journaled) Unplugging all other USB devices and turning off Bluetooth (which runs on the right-side-port USB bus). Plugging in the flash drive either direct in the right side port, or the left side port, or into a USB 2.0 hub

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• External USB HD with -optional- mains?

  - by Stephen

  Hi, I'm Christmas-present-buying, and I'd appreciate recommendations for a USB HD with an optional mains power input. I've hunted, but can't find all the information I want (partially due to sketchy product specifications). Background: This is for a digital TV which I do not own, and so I'd like to get it correct first time. The TV has a USB port to allow recording straight to disk, but the manuals don't say how much power can be drawn through the USB port. The manual's instructions state, possibly generically, to plug the drive in before connecting to the TV. Ideally I'd like a small (2.5"?) drive which can draw power over USB, with an mains power input if it turns out the USB port on the TV doesn't offer enough juice. The ideal is to use one cable, two max. A powered USB hub would introduce too much clutter. I've spotted that the LaCie Petit drives have what appears to be an additional power input, but I'm not even sure from the specs what that is. And the device doesn't ship with a mains adapter. Suggestions?

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• Windows 7 x64 RTM USB Port Has Power But Won't Recognize Mouse/Keyboard/Anything

  - by ben

  I have an odd error that doesn't seem to fit in with any of the other odd Windows 7 x64 USB errors that have been kicked up on Google. Here we go: Uninstalled Tortoise SVN and clicked restart computer. My machine had been up for around 28 days On reboot my mouse and keyboard failed to work anymore, couldn't log in. Tried every USB port I have on my Dell 390 and the ports on my Dell 19's, nothing worked. They had power but Windows would not respond when I manipulated the keyboard/mouse. Rebooted my computer and pressed F2 to get into bios, my keyboard is working fine in bios. Keyboard and mouse work fine on other computers when using USB. Found adapters for keyboard and mouse to convert from USB to PS/2 ports, works fine. I'm actually typing this question on the same keyboard, same computer, just using PS/2 ports for my mouse and keyboard. It appears to be a Windows 7 x64 issue. Other things I have tried: Multiple other mice and keyboards, iphone, all with no luck. Each one gets power, but Windows never tries to install drivers or sees that they are connected. Uninstall and reinstall all USB drivers. Drives uninstall and reinstall fine and report no errors in Control Panel. In Power Management I disallow Windows from turning off USB ports to save power Installed the latest nVidia drivers for my graphics card, no change. Anyplace else I can look/try? Thanks!

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• USB drive was bootable, but no longer boots

  - by i-g

  I'm trying to install a new OS onto a computer from a bootable USB stick. I previously installed Ubuntu Linux and it was a piece of cake -- I downloaded the ISO image, used UNetbootin to copy it to the USB drive and make it bootable, and that was that. Now, however, no matter what I try, I can't make the same USB drive bootable again! I've tried formatting it as FAT32 and NTFS. I've tried several different Linux distributions and Windows 7. I've tried using UNetbootin, Windows 7 USB Download Tool, WinToFlash, and manually making it bootable with diskpart/bootsect/bootrec. (Yes, I've tried bootsect /nt60 x: /force.) None of this seems to be working! When I try to boot from the drive, the machine reads from it (I can see the drive's LED blinking) and then gives me the same "Insert system disk and press Enter" message. (I've disabled booting from the hard drive.) Am I missing something I need to do to make the USB drive bootable again? I think it lost some pixie dust when I formatted it with the standard Windows formatting tool (it was quicker than deleting files), but I have no idea what it was or how to get it back. The USB drive in question is a SanDisk Cruzer 8GB SDCZ6. The computer I'm working on is running Windows Vista SP1.

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• USB drive was bootable, but no longer isn't

  - by i-g

  I'm trying to install a new OS onto a computer from a bootable USB stick. I previously installed Ubuntu Linux and it was a piece of cake -- I downloaded the ISO image, used UNetbootin to copy it to the USB drive and make it bootable, and that was that. Now, however, no matter what I try, I can't make the same USB drive bootable again! I've tried formatting it as FAT32 and NTFS. I've tried several different Linux distributions and Windows 7. I've tried using UNetbootin, Windows 7 USB Download Tool, WinToFlash, and manually making it bootable with diskpart/bootsect/bootrec. (Yes, I've tried bootsect /nt60 x: /force.) None of this seems to be working! When I try to boot from the drive, the machine reads from it (I can see the drive's LED blinking) and then gives me the same "Insert system disk and press Enter" message. (I've disabled booting from the hard drive.) Am I missing something I need to do to make the USB drive bootable again? The USB drive in question is a SanDisk Cruzer 8GB SDCZ6. The computer I'm working on is running Windows Vista SP1.

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• Is my "Generic" USB Flash Drive broken?

  - by Jesse J.

  So here is the situation. I find myself technological knowledgeable about many things ( I love to code, whether it's websites, C#, C++ or so on). However: My 2 toddlers (my wife actually) bought me a "Generic" 128 GB USB Storage Device (Usb Flash Drive) for Father's Day. I thought awesome at first..... WRONG! Nothing but problems with it. 3-4mb/s MAX transfer speed. I can bear with it. BUT! When I went to reformat my computer I transferred my save files from my games over to the stick and then the USB Stick managed to become corrupted. Not just a simple format would work either. It's screwed. I tried to use (Manually changed usb drive letter troubleshooting it to X) "chmod X: /X /F /R" with administrator rights, I did this after a long session to make it work with no errors (had to delete the log) and I finally recovered the files, however when I go to use it (transfer to or from) it transfers a couple kb to the stick or from it and then freezes, It says (Windows 7): Name: From: Folder (X:\File\Location) To: Folder C:\Users\Username\Desktop) Items Remaining: 0 (0 bytes) Speed: 0 bytes/second It does this forever... and ever... and ever... It transfered 3 files atleast, and then stopped. This is a new USB Stick bought from a "High" reputation company on eBay. Is the USB Stick screwed?

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• Jupiter Changes Display when using volume key bindings

  - by user87797

  I recently downloaded jupiter on ubuntu 12.04 ASUS U36JC and I noticed that my display would switch from clone to exterior to clone everytime that I used the keys that control the volume. Hit "function volume down" and the screen goes blank, hit "function volume up" and the display come back. This only happens when I am running jupiter and I assume there is a key binding issue, but I don't know how to fix it. No options other than the regular ones show up in the keyboard settings under system tools.

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• Should I install ubuntu on USB instead of HDD dual-boot?

  - by user2147243

  I had Ubuntu 12.04 installed as dual-boot OS on top of Vista on my laptop. Hacked the grub settings to default to Vista (instead of the default Ubuntu -- pain) on startup, and all was OK for occasional Ubuntu use for past 6 months. Then last week I got a strange message about 'lack of disk space' (~50MB free) when installing pxyplot, even though there was still about 6GB free disk space when I checked later. Then today the Ubuntu wouldn't load at all, and checking the HDD partitions in Vista it looked like the 15GB Ubuntu partition was now three smaller partitions! So, I got rid of those partitions and expanded the Vista partition to use the reclaimed space. Now can't restart ('grub rescue' appears and doesn't 'rescue' anything), so I'll have to do a boot recovery using a Vista installation CD. (Not a particularly user-friendly failure mode of the dual-boot installation!) I now have to decide to either a) try installing ubuntu on the HDD again, but don't want to stuff up my Vista ever again, as that is my most used OS, or b) install Ubuntu on a 16GB USB 3.0 stick. Apparently performance from USB won't be as good as from HDD, and running OS from USB stick does lots of r/w so the stick may fail after a few years! Perhaps installing Ubuntu on live USB and setup to then run in RAM would alleviate the performance/USB lifespan problems? If I create a live-USB for Ubuntu OS, will it boot off that when I restart the laptop with it plugged in? Or will I have to change the laptop setting for boot-order whenever I want to boot Ubuntu instead of Vista (that would be even more painful than the grub default boot order putting Ubuntu ahead of the existing Vista OS!) -- update: I recovered my Vista setup using Iolo SystemMechanic Disaster Recovery Tool, and created a bootable USB of Ubuntu 13.10 on an 8GB USB3.0 pendrive, with 4GB of 'persistence' to allow saving of settings, install some packages etc. It worked OK for a couple of test boots, but once I changed the time and desktop wallpaper, the next Ubuntu reboot crashed and I then couldn't get it to boot successfully. So I decided to install Ubuntu 12.04 LTS as a dual-boot again, but this time instead of partitioning the HDD and installing from an ISO DVD I used the wubi.exe tool to install Ubuntu as a dual-boot. Worked very well, although one oddity was that, despite asking how big the make the partition (20GB), the installed Ubuntu appears to be happily installed somewhere within the Vista NTFS file system (no partition shows up in Windows disk manager, and in Ubuntu disk management tool the entire 133 GB of HDD is showing, with ~40GB free space). A nice feature of installing the dual-boot using wubi is that the laptop now uses Windows boot manager on startup, with Vista as the default OS and Ubuntu happily listed as second on the list. So far so good.

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