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• Cisco VPN Client Behind ASA 5505

  - by fdf33

  I'm trying to get connected to another ASA via Cisco VPN Client. I am behind an ASA 5505 myself and I am tryihng to VPN to a 5510. I get the message: Secure VPN Connection terminated locally by the Client. Reason 412: The remote peer is no longer responding. I can connect to the other ASA if I use a normal cheap Linksys. Here's the version of my ASA: Result of the command: "sh ver" Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance Software Version 8.4(1) Any help would be great. Thanks running-config : Saved : Written by enable_15 at 23:12:32.378 UTC Fri Jul 1 2011 ! ASA Version 8.4(1) ! hostname aaaasa domain-name aaa.local enable password xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx encrypted passwd xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx encrypted names ! interface Vlan1 nameif inside security-level 100 ip address 192.168.1.254 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan2 nameif outside security-level 0 ip address xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx 255.255.254.0 ! interface Vlan5 no nameif security-level 50 ip address 172.16.0.254 255.255.255.0 ! interface Vlan500 no nameif security-level 100 ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0 ! interface Ethernet0/0 switchport access vlan 2 ! interface Ethernet0/1 ! interface Ethernet0/2 ! interface Ethernet0/3 ! interface Ethernet0/4 ! interface Ethernet0/5 ! interface Ethernet0/6 ! interface Ethernet0/7 ! boot system disk0:/asa841-k8.bin ftp mode passive dns domain-lookup inside dns domain-lookup outside dns server-group DefaultDNS name-server 4.2.2.2 domain-name aaa.local same-security-traffic permit inter-interface same-security-traffic permit intra-interface object network obj_any subnet 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 object network A_93.97.168.1 host 93.97.168.1 object network rdp host 192.168.1.2 object network NETWORK_OBJ_192.168.1.0_24 subnet 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 access-list 101 extended permit tcp any host 192.168.1.2 eq 3389 access-list 101 extended permit icmp any any echo-reply access-list 101 extended permit icmp any any source-quench access-list 101 extended permit icmp any any time-exceeded access-list 101 extended permit icmp any any unreachable access-list 102 extended permit ip any any pager lines 24 logging enable logging asdm informational mtu inside 1500 mtu outside 1492 ip local pool VPNPool 192.168.2.200-192.168.2.210 mask 255.255.255.0 icmp unreachable rate-limit 1 burst-size 1 asdm image disk0:/asdm-641.bin no asdm history enable arp timeout 14400 ! object network rdp nat (inside,outside) static interface service tcp 3389 3389 ! nat (inside,outside) after-auto source dynamic any interface access-group 101 in interface outside access-group 102 out interface outside ! router ospf 1 network 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 area 0 log-adj-changes ! route outside 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 93.97.168.1 1 timeout xlate 3:00:00 timeout conn 1:00:00 half-closed 0:10:00 udp 0:02:00 icmp 0:00:02 timeout sunrpc 0:10:00 h323 0:05:00 h225 1:00:00 mgcp 0:05:00 mgcp-pat 0:05:00 timeout sip 0:30:00 sip_media 0:02:00 sip-invite 0:03:00 sip-disconnect 0:02:00 timeout sip-provisional-media 0:02:00 uauth 0:05:00 absolute timeout tcp-proxy-reassembly 0:01:00 dynamic-access-policy-record DfltAccessPolicy http server enable http 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 inside no snmp-server location no snmp-server contact snmp-server enable traps snmp authentication linkup linkdown coldstart crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal DES protocol esp encryption des protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal 3DES protocol esp encryption 3des protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal AES protocol esp encryption aes protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal AES192 protocol esp encryption aes-192 protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto ipsec ikev2 ipsec-proposal AES256 protocol esp encryption aes-256 protocol esp integrity sha-1 md5 crypto dynamic-map SYSTEM_DEFAULT_CRYPTO_MAP 65535 set ikev2 ipsec-proposal AES256 AES192 AES 3DES DES crypto map outside_map 65535 ipsec-isakmp dynamic SYSTEM_DEFAULT_CRYPTO_MAP crypto map outside_map interface outside crypto ca trustpoint ASDM_TrustPoint0 enrollment self subject-name CN=ciscoasa proxy-ldc-issuer crl configure crypto ca certificate chain ASDM_TrustPoint0 certificate 8877d64d 30820248 308201b1 a0030201 02020488 77d64d30 0d06092a 864886f7 0d010105 05003036 3111300f 06035504 03130863 6973636f 61736131 21301f06 092a8648 86f70d01 09021612 63697363 6f617361 2e6e6a64 2e6c6f63 616c301e 170d3131 30353231 30383533 34325a17 0d323130 35313830 38353334 325a3036 3111300f 06035504 03130863 6973636f 61736131 21301f06 092a8648 86f70d01 09021612 63697363 6f617361 2e6e6a64 2e6c6f63 616c3081 9f300d06 092a8648 86f70d01 01010500 03818d00 30818902 818100ea 1aa95141 480e616c efee6816 a96d6511 313b6776 cd3dd57b cd84b4d2 5e108aee 7c980086 4d92e2eb b6c7bf66 4585af0a ccbf153a db9270be c6f5c67b db9dd8d1 2f78d033 3348b056 df4be0da 70e08953 53adf294 9db6c020 597d250f bf448b43 b90179c8 ff0b15d8 744632d9 31c1945f 0b11e258 b4c1d224 692efff4 7b2f5102 03010001 a3633061 300f0603 551d1301 01ff0405 30030101 ff300e06 03551d0f 0101ff04 04030201 86301f06 03551d23 04183016 8014493c 19db183a ab1af9e9 b1e44ad4 2a408b3c 89d1301d 0603551d 0e041604 14493c19 db183aab 1af9e9b1 e44ad42a 408b3c89 d1300d06 092a8648 86f70d01 01050500 03818100 1dd1760a fdd15941 4803fb9a cd6f44a7 2e275854 a1c0fbe1 d19f2cc9 182d43ef a547f854 8df96d15 3ea79c62 cf3fcb1c 5820360b c607dbfc 4de8bb16 19f727e9 b928a085 665816d8 138e4a35 ed610950 7910dd4a 0b1a9dd9 0e26f1c8 b78bc0cc cbf19eb2 4c4c3931 45199ea5 249e3266 661e44fd 7a00d376 dcfc6e4e d43f10b8 quit crypto isakmp nat-traversal 30 crypto ikev2 policy 1 encryption aes-256 integrity sha group 5 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 policy 10 encryption aes-192 integrity sha group 5 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 policy 20 encryption aes integrity sha group 5 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 policy 30 encryption 3des integrity sha group 5 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 policy 40 encryption des integrity sha group 5 prf sha lifetime seconds 86400 crypto ikev2 enable outside client-services port 443 crypto ikev2 remote-access trustpoint ASDM_TrustPoint0 telnet timeout 5 ssh 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 inside ssh timeout 5 console timeout 0 dhcpd auto_config outside ! dhcpd address 192.168.1.5-192.168.1.36 inside dhcpd dns 4.2.2.2 interface inside dhcpd enable inside ! threat-detection basic-threat threat-detection statistics host number-of-rate 3 threat-detection statistics port threat-detection statistics protocol threat-detection statistics access-list threat-detection statistics tcp-intercept rate-interval 30 burst-rate 400 average-rate 200 ntp server 82.219.4.31 source outside prefer ssl trust-point ASDM_TrustPoint0 outside webvpn enable outside anyconnect image disk0:/anyconnect-win-2.4.1012-k9.pkg 1 anyconnect profiles AnyConnectVPN_client_profile disk0:/AnyConnectVPN_client_profile.xml anyconnect profiles SSLAnyConnectVPN_client_profile disk0:/SSLAnyConnectVPN_client_profile.xml anyconnect enable tunnel-group-list enable group-policy GroupPolicy_AnyConnectVPN internal group-policy GroupPolicy_AnyConnectVPN attributes wins-server none dns-server value 4.2.2.2 vpn-tunnel-protocol ikev2 ssl-client ssl-clientless default-domain value aaa.local webvpn url-list none anyconnect profiles value AnyConnectVPN_client_profile type user group-policy GroupPolicy_SSLAnyConnectVPN internal group-policy GroupPolicy_SSLAnyConnectVPN attributes wins-server none dns-server value 4.2.2.2 vpn-tunnel-protocol ikev2 ssl-client default-domain value aaa.local webvpn anyconnect profiles value SSLAnyConnectVPN_client_profile type user username testuser password xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx encrypted privilege 0 username testuser attributes vpn-group-policy GroupPolicy_AnyConnectVPN tunnel-group SSLPOL type remote-access tunnel-group SSLPOL general-attributes default-group-policy GroupPolicy_AnyConnectVPN tunnel-group SSLAnyConnectVPN type remote-access tunnel-group SSLAnyConnectVPN general-attributes address-pool VPNPool default-group-policy GroupPolicy_SSLAnyConnectVPN tunnel-group SSLAnyConnectVPN webvpn-attributes group-alias SSLAnyConnectVPN enable ! class-map inspection_default match default-inspection-traffic ! ! policy-map type inspect dns preset_dns_map parameters message-length maximum 512 policy-map global_policy class inspection_default inspect dns preset_dns_map inspect esmtp inspect ftp inspect h323 h225 inspect h323 ras inspect ip-options inspect netbios inspect rsh inspect rtsp inspect sip inspect skinny inspect sqlnet inspect sunrpc inspect tftp inspect xdmcp ! service-policy global_policy global prompt hostname context call-home profile CiscoTAC-1 no active destination address http https://tools.cisco.com/its/service/oddce/services/DDCEService destination address email [email protected] destination transport-method http subscribe-to-alert-group diagnostic subscribe-to-alert-group environment subscribe-to-alert-group inventory periodic monthly subscribe-to-alert-group configuration periodic monthly subscribe-to-alert-group telemetry periodic daily Cryptochecksum:94a65341aa27d3929d5e92a32ba22120 : end

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• Unable to find valid certification path to requested target while CAS authentication

  - by Dmitriy Sukharev

  I'm trying to configure CAS authentication. It requires both CAS and client application to use HTTPS protocol. Unfortunately we should use self-signed certificate (with CN that doesn't have anything in common with our server). Also the server is behind firewall and we have only two ports (ssh and https) visible. As far as there're several application that should be visible externally, we use Apache for ajp reverse proxying requests to these applications. Secure connections are managed by Apache, and all Tomcat are not configured to work with SSL. But I obtained exception while authentication, therefore desided to set keystore in CATALINA_OPTS: export CATALINA_OPTS="-Djavax.net.ssl.keyStore=/path/to/tomcat/ssl/cert.pfx -Djavax.net.ssl.keyStoreType=PKCS12 -Djavax.net.ssl.keyStorePassword=password -Djavax.net.ssl.keyAlias=alias -Djavax.net.debug=ssl" cert.pfx was obtained from certificate and key that are used by Apache HTTP Server: $ openssl pkcs12 -export -out /path/to/tomcat/ssl/cert.pfx -inkey /path/to/apache2/ssl/server-key.pem -in /path/to/apache2/ssl/server-cert.pem When I try to authenticate a user I obtain the following exception: Caused by: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target at sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilder.engineBuild(SunCertPathBuilder.java:174) ~[na:1.6.0_32] at java.security.cert.CertPathBuilder.build(CertPathBuilder.java:238) ~[na:1.6.0_32] at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.doBuild(PKIXValidator.java:318) ~[na:1.6.0_32] Meanwhile I can see in catalina.out that Tomcat see certificate in cert.pfx and it's the same as the one that is used while authentication: 09:11:38.886 [http-bio-8080-exec-2] DEBUG o.j.c.c.v.Cas20ProxyTicketValidator - Constructing validation url: https://external-ip/cas/proxyValidate?pgtUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fexternal-ip%2Fclient%2Fj_spring_cas_security_proxyreceptor&ticket=ST-17-PN26WtdsZqNmpUBS59RC-cas&service=https%3A%2F%2Fexternal-ip%2Fclient%2Fj_spring_cas_security_check 09:11:38.886 [http-bio-8080-exec-2] DEBUG o.j.c.c.v.Cas20ProxyTicketValidator - Retrieving response from server. keyStore is : /path/to/tomcat/ssl/cert.pfx keyStore type is : PKCS12 keyStore provider is : init keystore init keymanager of type SunX509 *** found key for : 1 chain [0] = [ [ Version: V1 Subject: CN=wrong.domain.name, O=Our organization, L=Location, ST=State, C=Country Signature Algorithm: SHA1withRSA, OID = 1.2.840.113549.1.1.5 Key: Sun RSA public key, 1024 bits modulus: 13??a lot of digits here??19 public exponent: ????7 Validity: [From: Tue Apr 24 16:32:18 CEST 2012, To: Wed Apr 24 16:32:18 CEST 2013] Issuer: CN=wrong.domain.name, O=Our organization, L=Location, ST=State, C=Country SerialNumber: [ d??????? ????????] ] Algorithm: [SHA1withRSA] Signature: 0000: 65 Signature is here 0070: 96 . ] *** trustStore is: /jdk-home-folder/jre/lib/security/cacerts Here is a lot of trusted CAs. Here is nothing related to our certicate or our (not trusted) CA. ... 09:11:39.731 [http-bio-8080-exec-4] DEBUG o.j.c.c.v.Cas20ProxyTicketValidator - Retrieving response from server. Allow unsafe renegotiation: false Allow legacy hello messages: true Is initial handshake: true Is secure renegotiation: false %% No cached client session *** ClientHello, TLSv1 RandomCookie: GMT: 1347433643 bytes = { 63, 239, 180, 32, 103, 140, 83, 7, 109, 149, 177, 80, 223, 79, 243, 244, 60, 191, 124, 139, 108, 5, 122, 238, 146, 1, 54, 218 } Session ID: {} Cipher Suites: [SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5, SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA, TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, TLS_DHE_DSS_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA, SSL_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, SSL_DHE_DSS_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA, SSL_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA, SSL_DHE_RSA_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA, SSL_DHE_DSS_WITH_DES_CBC_SHA, SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_RC4_40_MD5, SSL_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA, SSL_DHE_RSA_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA, SSL_DHE_DSS_EXPORT_WITH_DES40_CBC_SHA, TLS_EMPTY_RENEGOTIATION_INFO_SCSV] Compression Methods: { 0 } *** http-bio-8080-exec-4, WRITE: TLSv1 Handshake, length = 75 http-bio-8080-exec-4, WRITE: SSLv2 client hello message, length = 101 http-bio-8080-exec-4, READ: TLSv1 Handshake, length = 81 *** ServerHello, TLSv1 RandomCookie: GMT: 1347433643 bytes = { 145, 237, 232, 63, 240, 104, 234, 201, 148, 235, 12, 222, 60, 75, 174, 0, 103, 38, 196, 181, 27, 226, 243, 61, 34, 7, 107, 72 } Session ID: {79, 202, 117, 79, 130, 216, 168, 38, 68, 29, 182, 82, 16, 25, 251, 66, 93, 108, 49, 133, 92, 108, 198, 23, 120, 120, 135, 151, 15, 13, 199, 87} Cipher Suite: SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA Compression Method: 0 Extension renegotiation_info, renegotiated_connection: <empty> *** %% Created: [Session-2, SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA] ** SSL_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA http-bio-8080-exec-4, READ: TLSv1 Handshake, length = 609 *** Certificate chain chain [0] = [ [ Version: V1 Subject: CN=wrong.domain.name, O=Our organization, L=Location, ST=State, C=Country Signature Algorithm: SHA1withRSA, OID = 1.2.840.113549.1.1.5 Key: Sun RSA public key, 1024 bits modulus: 13??a lot of digits here??19 public exponent: ????7 Validity: [From: Tue Apr 24 16:32:18 CEST 2012, To: Wed Apr 24 16:32:18 CEST 2013] Issuer: CN=wrong.domain.name, O=Our organization, L=Location, ST=State, C=Country SerialNumber: [ d??????? ????????] ] Algorithm: [SHA1withRSA] Signature: 0000: 65 Signature is here 0070: 96 . ] *** http-bio-8080-exec-4, SEND TLSv1 ALERT: fatal, description = certificate_unknown http-bio-8080-exec-4, WRITE: TLSv1 Alert, length = 2 http-bio-8080-exec-4, called closeSocket() http-bio-8080-exec-4, handling exception: javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target I tried to convert our pem certificate to der format and imported it to trustedKeyStore (cacerts) (without private key), but it didn't change anything. But I'm not confident that I did it rigth. Also I must inform you that I don't know passphrase for our servier-key.pem file, and probably it differs from password for keystore created by me. OS: CentOS 6.2 Architecture: x64 Tomcat version: 7 Apache HTTP Server version: 2.4 Is there any way to make Tomcat accepts our certificate?

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• Tomcat 7 on Ubuntu 12.04 with JRE 7 not starting

  - by Andreas Krueger

  I am running a virtual server in the web on Ubuntu 12.04 LTS / 32 Bit. After a clean install of JRE 7 and Tomcat 7, following the instructions on http://www.sysadminslife.com, I don't get Tomcat 7 up and running. > java -version java version "1.7.0_09" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_09-b05) Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 23.5-b02, mixed mode) > /etc/init.d/tomcat start Starting Tomcat Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr/lib/jvm/java-7-oracle Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/bin/bootstrap.jar:/usr/local/tomcat/bin/tomcat-juli.jar > telnet localhost 8080 Trying ::1... Trying 127.0.0.1... telnet: Unable to connect to remote host: Connection refused netstat sometimes shows a Java process, most of the times not. If it does, nothing works either. Does anyone have a solution or encountered similar situations? Here are the contents of catalina.out: 16.11.2012 18:36:39 org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init INFO: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-oracle/lib/i386/client:/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-oracle/lib/i386:/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-oracle/../lib/i386:/usr/java/packages/lib/i386:/lib:/usr/lib 16.11.2012 18:36:40 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init INFO: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"] 16.11.2012 18:36:40 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init INFO: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"] 16.11.2012 18:36:40 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load INFO: Initialization processed in 1509 ms 16.11.2012 18:36:40 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal INFO: Starting service Catalina 16.11.2012 18:36:40 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal INFO: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.29 16.11.2012 18:36:40 org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory INFO: Deploying web application directory /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/manager Here come the results of ps -ef, iptables --list and netstat -plut: > ps -ef UID PID PPID C STIME TTY TIME CMD root 1 0 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:00 init root 2 1 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:00 [kthreadd/206616] root 3 2 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:00 [khelper/2066167] root 4 2 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:00 [rpciod/2066167/] root 5 2 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:00 [rpciod/2066167/] root 6 2 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:00 [rpciod/2066167/] root 7 2 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:00 [rpciod/2066167/] root 8 2 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:00 [nfsiod/2066167] root 119 1 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:00 upstart-udev-bridge --daemon root 125 1 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:00 /sbin/udevd --daemon root 157 125 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:00 /sbin/udevd --daemon root 158 125 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:00 /sbin/udevd --daemon root 205 1 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:00 upstart-socket-bridge --daemon root 276 1 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/sshd -D root 335 1 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/xinetd -dontfork -pidfile /var/run/xinetd.pid -stayalive -inetd root 348 1 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:00 cron syslog 368 1 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:00 /sbin/syslogd -u syslog root 472 1 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:00 /usr/lib/postfix/master postfix 482 472 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:00 qmgr -l -t fifo -u root 520 1 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:04 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 523 520 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 525 520 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start www-data 526 520 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start tomcat 1074 1 0 Nov16 ? 00:01:08 /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-oracle/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/usr/ postfix 1351 472 0 Nov16 ? 00:00:00 tlsmgr -l -t unix -u -c postfix 3413 472 0 17:00 ? 00:00:00 pickup -l -t fifo -u -c root 3457 276 0 17:31 ? 00:00:00 sshd: root@pts/0 root 3459 3457 0 17:31 pts/0 00:00:00 -bash root 3470 3459 0 17:31 pts/0 00:00:00 ps -ef > iptables --list Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:http-alt ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:8005 ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:http-alt Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination > netstat -plut Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 *:smtp *:* LISTEN 472/master tcp 0 0 *:3213 *:* LISTEN 276/sshd tcp6 0 0 [::]:smtp [::]:* LISTEN 472/master tcp6 0 0 [::]:8009 [::]:* LISTEN 1074/java tcp6 0 0 [::]:3213 [::]:* LISTEN 276/sshd tcp6 0 0 [::]:http-alt [::]:* LISTEN 1074/java tcp6 0 0 [::]:http [::]:* LISTEN 520/apache2

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• Rails 2 and Ngnix: https pages can't load css or js (but will load graphics)

  - by Max Williams

  ADMISSION: i've posted this same question on stackoverflow, before realising it's probabaly better suited to superuser, but it kind of depends on the answer: If it turns out to be a problem in my nginx config, it's definitely superuser. If it turns out to be a problem in my Rails config (or code) then it's arguably stackoverflow. I'm adding some https pages to my rails site. In order to test it locally, i'm running my site under one mongrel_rails instance (on 3000) and nginx. I've managed to get my nginx config to the point where i can actually go to the https pages, and they load. Except, the javascript and css files all fail to load: looking in the Network tab in chrome web tools, i can see that it is trying to load them via an https url. Eg, one of the non-working file urls is https://cmw-local.co.uk/stylesheets/cmw-logged-out.css?1383759216 I have these set up (or at least think i do) in my nginx config to redirect to the http versions of the static files. This seems to be working for graphics, but not for css and js files. If i click on this in the Network tab, it takes me to the above url, which redirects to the http version. So, the redirect seems to be working in some sense, but not when they're loaded by an https page. Like i say, i thought i had this covered in the second try_files directive in my config below, but maybe not. Can anyone see what i'm doing wrong? thanks, Max Here's my nginx config - sorry it's a bit lengthy! I think the error is likely to be in the first (ssl) server block: server { listen 443 ssl; keepalive_timeout 70; ssl_certificate /home/max/work/charanga/elearn_container/elearn/config/nginx/certs/max-local-server.crt; ssl_certificate_key /home/max/work/charanga/elearn_container/elearn/config/nginx/certs/max-local-server.key; ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m; ssl_session_timeout 10m; ssl_protocols SSLv3 TLSv1; ssl_ciphers RC4:HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; server_name elearning.dev cmw-dev.co.uk cmw-dev.com cmw-nginx.co.uk cmw-local.co.uk; root /home/max/work/charanga/elearn_container/elearn; # ensure that we serve css, js, other statics when requested # as SSL, but if the files don't exist (i.e. any non /basket controller) # then redirect to the non-https version location / { try_files $uri @non-ssl-redirect; } # securely serve everything under /basket (/basket/checkout etc) # we need general too, because of the email/username checking location ~ ^/(basket|general|cmw/account/check_username_availability) { # make sure cached copies are revalidated once they're stale add_header Cache-Control "public, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate"; # this serves Rails static files that exist without running # other rewrite tests try_files $uri @rails-ssl; expires 1h; } location @non-ssl-redirect { return 301 http://$host$request_uri; } location @rails-ssl { proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_redirect off; proxy_read_timeout 180; proxy_next_upstream off; proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3000; expires 0d; } } #upstream elrs { # server 127.0.0.1:3000; #} server { listen 80; server_name elearning.dev cmw-dev.co.uk cmw-dev.com cmw-nginx.co.uk cmw-local.co.uk; root /home/max/work/charanga/elearn_container/elearn; access_log /home/max/work/charanga/elearn_container/elearn/log/access.log; error_log /home/max/work/charanga/elearn_container/elearn/log/error.log debug; client_max_body_size 50M; index index.html index.htm; # gzip html, css & javascript, but don't gzip javascript for pre-SP2 MSIE6 (i.e. those *without* SV1 in their user-agent string) gzip on; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_vary on; gzip_comp_level 6; gzip_proxied any; gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript; #text/html # make sure gzip does not lose large gzipped js or css files # see http://blog.leetsoft.com/2007/7/25/nginx-gzip-ssl gzip_buffers 16 8k; # Disable gzip for certain browsers. #gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6].(?!.*SV1)"; gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6]"; # blank gif like it's 1995 location = /images/blank.gif { empty_gif; } # don't serve files beginning with dots location ~ /\. { access_log off; log_not_found off; deny all; } # we don't care if these are missing location = /robots.txt { log_not_found off; } location = /favicon.ico { log_not_found off; } location ~ affiliate.xml { log_not_found off; } location ~ copyright.xml { log_not_found off; } # convert urls with multiple slashes to a single / if ($request ~ /+ ) { rewrite ^(/)+(.*) /$2 break; } # X-Accel-Redirect # Don't tie up mongrels with serving the lesson zips or exes, let Nginx do it instead location /zips { internal; root /var/www/apps/e_learning_resource/shared/assets; } location /tmp { internal; root /; } location /mnt{ root /; } # resource library thumbnails should be served as usual location ~ ^/resource_library/.*/*thumbnail.jpg$ { if (!-f $request_filename) { rewrite ^(.*)$ /images/no-thumb.png break; } expires 1m; } # don't make Rails generate the dynamic routes to the dcr and swf, we'll do it here location ~ "lesson viewer.dcr" { rewrite ^(.*)$ "/assets/players/lesson viewer.dcr" break; } # we need this rule so we don't serve the older lessonviewer when the rule below is matched location = /assets/players/virgin_lesson_viewer/_cha5513/lessonViewer.swf { rewrite ^(.*)$ /assets/players/virgin_lesson_viewer/_cha5513/lessonViewer.swf break; } location ~ v6lessonViewer.swf { rewrite ^(.*)$ /assets/players/v6lessonViewer.swf break; } location ~ lessonViewer.swf { rewrite ^(.*)$ /assets/players/lessonViewer.swf break; } location ~ lgn111.dat { empty_gif; } # try to get autocomplete school names from memcache first, then # fallback to rails when we can't location /schools/autocomplete { set $memcached_key $uri?q=$arg_q; memcached_pass 127.0.0.1:11211; default_type text/html; error_page 404 =200 @rails; # 404 not really! Hand off to rails } location / { # make sure cached copies are revalidated once they're stale add_header Cache-Control "public, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate"; # this serves Rails static files that exist without running other rewrite tests try_files $uri @rails; expires 1h; } location @rails { proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_set_header Host $http_host; proxy_redirect off; proxy_read_timeout 180; proxy_next_upstream off; proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3000; expires 0d; } }

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• Finding edge and corner values of an image in matlab

  - by James

  Hi, this problem links to two other questions i've asked on here. I am tracing the outline of an image and plotting this to a dxf file. I would like to use the bwboundaries function to find the coordinates of the edges of the image, find the corner coordinates using the cornermetric function and then remove any edge coordinates that are not a corner. The important thing I need to be able to do is keep the order of the corner elements obtained from bwboundaries, so that the section traces properly. The dxf function I have that draws from the coordinates draws lines between coordinates that are next to each other, so the line has to be drawn "around" the section rather than straight between the corner points. The reason I am doing this is because there are less coordinates obtained this way, so it is easier to amend the dxf file (as there are less points to manipulate). The code I have so far is: %# Shape to be traced bw = zeros(200); bw(20:40,20:180) = 1; bw(20:180,90:110) = 1; bw(140:180,20:185) = 1; %# Boundary Finding Section [Boundary] = bwboundaries(bw); %Traces the boundary of each section figure, imshow(bw); hold on; colors=['b' 'g' 'r' 'c' 'm' 'y']; for k=1:length(Boundary) perim = Boundary{k}; %Obtains perimeter coordinates (as a 2D matrix) from the cell array cidx = mod(k,length(colors))+1;% Obtains colours for the plot plot(perim(:,2), perim(:,1),... colors(cidx),'LineWidth',2); end Coordmat = cell2mat(Boundary) %Converts the traced regions to a matrix X = Coordmat(:,1) Y = Coordmat(:,2) % This gives the edge coordinates in matrix form %% Corner Finding Section (from Jonas' answer to a previous question %# get corners cornerProbability = cornermetric(bw); cornerIdx = find(cornerProbability==max(cornerProbability(:))); %# Label the image. bwlabel puts 1 for the first feature, 2 for the second, etc. %# Since concave corners are placed just outside the feature, grow the features %# a little before labeling bw2 = imdilate(bw,ones(3)); labeledImage = bwlabel(bw2); %# read the feature number associated with the corner cornerLabels = labeledImage(cornerIdx); %# find all corners that are associated with feature 1 corners_1 = cornerIdx(cornerLabels==1) [Xcorners, Ycorners] = ind2sub(200,corners_1) % Convert subscripts The code I have is, to give a matrix Xfin for the final x coordinates (which are on the edge AND at a corner. Xfin = zeros(length(X),1) for i = Xcorners XFin(i) = Xcorners if i~= Xcorners XFin(i) = [] end end However, this does not work correctly, because the values in the solution are sorted into order, and only one of each value remains. As I said, I would like the corner elements to be in the same order as obtained from bwboundaries, to allow the image to trace properly. Thanks

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• Processing an Integer Buried in a String in XSL

  - by justkt

  I have a stored time value which is of the format H:mm:ss. The hours may be any value from 0 up through several days. This data is sent in an XML tag and processed by XSL to be displayed. The display that I want is of the format: D days, HH:mm:ss (hours/minutes) Where the last tag shows hours if HH is greater than 0, minutes if it is 0. Given the original HH, which may be more than 24, I know I need the floor of HH / 24 to get the days value. Then the original HH % 24 gives me the leftover hours. I have also handled the minutes and hours question using xsl:when and xsl:if. It's getting days and hours from the hours value that has me stumped. EDIT So far, I'm looking at doing the following: Variable declaration <xsl:variable name="time"><xsl:value-of select="time" /><xsl:variable> <xsl:variable name="days"><xsl:value-of select="floor(substring-before(time, ':') / 24)" /></xsl:variable> <xsl:variable name="hours"><xsl:value-of select="substring-before(time, ':') mod 24" /></xsl:variable> <xsl:variable name="minutes"><xsl:value-of select="substring-after(time, ':')" /></xsl:variable> Use <xsl:if test="$days > 0"> <xsl:value-of select="$days" /> days </xsl:if> <xsl:value-of select="$hours" />:<xsl:value-of select="$minutes" /> <xsl:choose> <xsl:when test="$hours > 0"> hour<xsl:if test="$hours > 1">s</xsl:if> </xsl:when> <xsl:otherwise> minute<xsl:if test="$minute != '01:00'">s</xsl:if> </xsl:otherwise> </xsl:choose> And for clarification, a sample time would be <time>26:15:00</time> for 1 day 2:15 hours.

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• using php's libcurl to register user and upload file to server

  - by tunpishuang

  here is a site http://www.lyrkjsw.gov.cn that can let the registered user to upload file (e.g. images or office files) to the site. i want to register user and upload image to this site using libcurl binding with php. only registered user can upload image. so i use cookiejar stored in c:\cookie.txt after register and use c:\cookie.txt in uploadImg() function . register user is valid but failed to upload image , can anybody know is there any mistake of my code: <? /* options */ //the list url $expUrl='http://www.lyrkjsw.gov.cn/hbcms/user/list_resource.php'; //the user info to be registered $regUser='jiong'; $regPass='jiong'; $regMail='[email protected]'; $regUrl=str_replace('list_resource.php','register.php',$expUrl); // options for image upload $fileDir='@D:\img\b.jpg'; $fileTitle='aaaaaaaaaaaaa'; $fileDesc='aaaaaaaaaaaaadesc'; $uploadImgUrl=str_replace('list_resource.php','add_resource.php',$expUrl); /* register function */ function reg($regurl,$u,$p,$m) { $ch = curl_init(); $options=array( CURLOPT_URL=>$regurl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER=>true, CURLOPT_POST=>true, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS=>'mod=register_now&next_url=index.php&addon_app=&referrer_id=&login_name='.$u.'&login_pass='.$p.'&confirm_login_pass='.$p.'&login_email='.$m.'&nickname=&gender=0&qq=&mobile=&telephone=&true_name=&website_name=&website_url=&my_question=&my_answer=', CURLOPT_COOKIESESSION=>true, CURLOPT_HEADER=>true, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR=>'c:\cookie.txt' ); curl_setopt_array($ch,$options); $data = curl_exec($ch); if(strpos($data,'??')){ printf("register ok :)\n"); curl_close($ch); return true; }else{ printf("register failed:(\n"); curl_close($ch); return false; } } /* image uploading function */ function uploadImg($uploadimgurl,$filedir,$filetitle,$filedesc) { $ch = curl_init(); $options=array( CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE=>'c:\cookie.txt', CURLOPT_URL=>$uploadimgurl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER=>1, CURLOPT_POST=>1, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS=>" 'MAX_FILE_SIZE'='33554432'& 'preview_area_id'='upload_file'& 'editor_area_id'='body'& 'js_function'=''& 'resource_id'=''& 'show_top_part'='no'& 'file_1'=$filedir& 'file_title_1'=$filetitle& 'file_desc_1'=$filedesc " ); curl_setopt_array($ch,$options); $data = curl_exec($ch); if(strpos($data,'??')){ printf("upload ok :)\n"); }else{ printf("upload failed :(\n"); } curl_close($ch); } if(reg($regUrl,$regUser,$regPass,$regMail) != false) { uploadImg($uploadImgUrl,$fileDir,$fileTitle,$fileDesc); } http://www.lyrkjsw.gov.cn/hbcms/user/list_resource.php (list file page) http://www.lyrkjsw.gov.cn/hbcms/user/register.php (register page) http://www.lyrkjsw.gov.cn/hbcms/user/add_resource.php (image uploading page)

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• Becoming a professional programmer / software engineer

  - by Matt

  This isn't strictly about programming, more about being a programmer, so I'm sorry if its not the right kind of question to ask on this forum (mod, please delete if it isn't) I'm a computer tech in the US Army, and once I'm out I'll have eight years on the job. I'm about to start a degree through an online school (the only way I can get the army to pay for it while I'm still in), and I'm seriously looking at getting a computer science degree. I'm great with computers. I can take one apart and put it back together with my eyes closed. I'm A+ and Network+ certified and I'm getting a couple other CompTIA certs before I get out. I can work Windows as well as anyone on this planet and I'm not terrible with Linux. A job in computers is something I've always wanted. But, aside from being a computer technician, it seems that every job in the field requires programming ability. I like programming as a hobby. I programmed TI BASIC in high school and I'm teaching myself Python, but that's as far as my experience goes. That sort of brings me to my questions: I've always heard that the first language is the most difficult, and once you learn it well then all the others sort of fall into place for you. Is that true? Like, if I spend the next eight months mastering Python, will I pretty much be able to pick up at least fair proficiency in any other OO language within a month of studying it or whatever? How easy is it to burn out? the biggest thing I'm afraid of is just burning out on programming. I can go all day long if I'm programming strictly for my own personal desire, but I can imagine it being really easy to burn out after a few years of programming to deadlines and certain specifications. Especially if its a big project involving a dozen different designers. From what I told you about myself, would I already be qualified to work as a regular technician (geek squad type or maybe running a computer repair shop). Is Python a good base to learn from? I've heard that it makes you hate other languages because they feel more convoluted when learning, but also that its a great beginner language. If you're a professional programmer, did you have any of the same fears? Would you recommend that I stick to computer repair and Python rather than try to get into corporate programming? (just from what you've read in this thread, anyway) Thanks for taking the time to read all this and answer (if you did)

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• Linux Device Driver: Symbol "memcpy" not found

  - by Hinton

  Hello, I'm trying to write a Linux device driver. I've got it to work really well, until I tried to use "memcpy". I don't even get a compiler error, when I "make" it just warns me: WARNING: "memcpy" [/root/homedir/sv/main.ko] undefined! OK and when I try to load via insmod, I get on the console: insmod: error inserting './main.ko': -1 Unknown symbol in module and on dmesg: main: Unknown symbol memcpy (err 0) I include the following: #include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/moduleparam.h> #include <linux/init.h> #include <linux/kernel.h> /* printk() */ #include <linux/slab.h> /* kmalloc() */ #include <linux/fs.h> /* everything... */ #include <linux/errno.h> /* error codes */ #include <linux/types.h> /* size_t */ #include <linux/fcntl.h> /* O_ACCMODE */ #include <linux/cdev.h> #include <asm/system.h> /* cli(), *_flags */ #include <asm/uaccess.h> /* copy_*_user */ The function using memcpy: static int dc_copy_to_user(char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *f_pos, struct sv_data_dev *dev) { char data[MAX_KEYLEN]; size_t i = 0; /* Copy the bulk as long as there are 10 more bytes to copy */ while (i < (count + MAX_KEYLEN)) { memcpy(data, &dev->data[*f_pos + i], MAX_KEYLEN); ec_block(dev->key, data, MAX_KEYLEN); if (copy_to_user(&buf[i], data, MAX_KEYLEN)) { return -EFAULT; } i += MAX_KEYLEN; } return 0; } Could someone help me? I thought the thing was in linux/string.h, but I get the error just the same. I'm using kernel 2.6.37-rc1 (I'm doing in in user-mode-linux, which works only since 2.6.37-rc1). Any help is greatly appreciated. # Context dependent makefile that can be called directly and will invoke itself # through the kernel module building system. KERNELDIR=/usr/src/linux ifneq ($(KERNELRELEASE),) EXTRA_CFLAGS+=-I $(PWD) -ARCH=um obj-m := main.o else KERNELDIR ?= /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build PWD = $(shell pwd) all: $(MAKE) V=1 ARCH=um -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(PWD) modules clean: rm -rf Module.symvers .*.cmd *.ko .*.o *.o *.mod.c .tmp_versions *.order endif

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• Would someone mind giving suggestions for this new assembly language?

  - by Noctis Skytower

  Greetings! Last semester in college, my teacher in the Computer Languages class taught us the esoteric language named Whitespace. In the interest of learning the language better with a very busy schedule (midterms), I wrote an interpreter and assembler in Python. An assembly language was designed to facilitate writing programs easily, and a sample program was written with the given assembly mnemonics. Now that it is summer, a new project has begun with the objective being to rewrite the interpreter and assembler for Whitespace 0.3, with further developments coming afterwards. Since there is so much extra time than before to work on its design, you are presented here with an outline that provides a revised set of mnemonics for the assembly language. This post is marked as a wiki for their discussion. Have you ever had any experience with assembly languages in the past? Were there some instructions that you thought should have been renamed to something different? Did you find yourself thinking outside the box and with a different paradigm than in which the mnemonics were named? If you can answer yes to any of those questions, you are most welcome here. Subjective answers are appreciated! hold N Push the number onto the stack copy Duplicate the top item on the stack copy N Copy the nth item on the stack (given by the argument) onto the top of the stack swap Swap the top two items on the stack drop Discard the top item on the stack drop N Slide n items off the stack, keeping the top item add Addition sub Subtraction mul Multiplication div Integer Division mod Modulo save Store load Retrieve L: Mark a location in the program call L Call a subroutine goto L Jump unconditionally to a label if=0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is zero if<0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is negative return End a subroutine and transfer control back to the caller exit End the program print chr Output the character at the top of the stack print int Output the number at the top of the stack input chr Read a character and place it in the location given by the top of the stack input int Read a number and place it in the location given by the top of the stack Question: How would you redesign, rewrite, or rename the previous mnemonics and for what reasons?

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• Wrong sessionID being used in callback, but only on one particular computer

  - by user210119

  I am writing a Python/Django web application that uses OAuth (for the TwitterAPI, not that it should matter). I am storing a session ID in my login function, and then after using OAuth to get the user's token, I try to retrieve the sessionID in my callback function. The callback function then always fails(throws an exception) because it can't find the OAuth token in the session. Through the debugger, I am able to determine that the session ID that the server is using is incorrect - it does not match the session ID that was stored in the login function. It's therefore unsurprising that the Oauth tokens were not there. The session that appears in the callback was the same one each time (until I tried deleting it - see "things I've tried below"), and it started out as an old session, with some data in it that is from a different django app running on the same server that I hadn't touched in a couple weeks. Here's the kicker: everything I described is an issue only on our production server, and only when connecting to it from my computer. Let me clarify: this only happens with my particular laptop. I can connect to the app just fine from someone else's computer. Other people cannot connect with their accounts on my computer. Furthmore, I can connect just fine to the app when it is running on my localhost using the built-in django webserver, just not to the production server. My setup: my server and local box are running= Django 1.2.0 and Python 2.6.5. My local box is running Snow Leopard and the Django webserver, the server is running Ubuntu, Apache2, and mod-wsgi. For sessions, I am using Django's default session backend (DB). Things I have tried, all to no avail: logging in with a different account, including new accounts that have never OAuthed to this app before Clearing cookies, using incognito mode, using a different web browser on my same computer. Each time, upon inspecting my cookies, the sessionID matched the sessionID in the login function and was different from the sessionID in the callback. deleting the session in the database that appears in the callback function, (the one that appeared to be old data). The callback function still fails, and the sessionID it appears to be using is now a new one using a different session backend (DB-cache, flat file, etc...) restarting the server, my computer, etc. My first question on StackOverflow, so bear with me if I didn't quite follow local conventions. I am just at a loss as to what to even look for - what are the things that could possibly be causing sessions to not work on my particular computer, and (so far!) only my particular computer?

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• RNDC fails: permission denied

  - by pawz

  Named works great. It creates a pid in /var/run/named/named.pid as expected. It is listening on port 953 as shown by the log: Apr 20 14:42:38 guchuko named[9115]: command channel listening on 127.0.0.1#953 But whenever I try to run "rndc reload" I get: rndc: 'reload' failed: permission denied What file is it being denied permission to ? It doesn't log anything so I don't know why it's not working. I've compiled bind 9.4-ESV-R1 from source and I've patched it with the mysql mod. my named.conf: options { directory "/var/bind"; forwarders { 203.82.213.101; 203.188.144.1; }; listen-on-v6 { none; }; listen-on { 127.0.0.1; 192.168.0.6; }; pid-file "/var/run/named/named.pid"; }; logging { channel simple_log { file "/var/log/named.log" versions 3 size 5m; severity debug 5; print-time yes; print-severity yes; print-category yes; }; category default { simple_log; }; }; zone "." IN { type hint; file "named.ca"; }; zone "localhost" IN { type master; file "pri/localhost.zone"; allow-update { none; }; notify no; }; include "/etc/rndc.key" my rndc.conf options { default-server 127.0.0.1; default-key "rndc-key"; }; server 127.0.0.1 { key "rndc-key"; }; include "/etc/rndc.key"; my rndc.key: key "rndc-key" { algorithm hmac-md5; secret "XFc8C+yCLK0mIheTSBj41g=="; };

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• How to setup Lucene/Solr for a B2B web app?

  - by Bill Paetzke

  Given: 1 database per client (business customer) 5000 clients Clients have between 2 to 2000 users (avg is ~100 users/client) 100k to 10 million records per database Users need to search those records often (it's the best way to navigate their data) Possibly relevant info: Several new clients each week (any time during business hours) Multiple web servers and database servers (users can login via any web server) Let's stay agnostic of language or sql brand, since Lucene (and Solr) have a breadth of support For Example: Joel Spolsky said in Podcast #11 that his hosted web app product, FogBugz On-Demand, uses Lucene. He has thousands of on-demand clients. And each client gets their own database. They use an index per client and store it in the client's database. I'm not sure on the details. And I'm not sure if this is a serious mod to Lucene. The Question: How would you setup Lucene search so that each client can only search within its database? How would you setup the index(es)? Where do you store the index(es)? Would you need to add a filter to all search queries? If a client cancelled, how would you delete their (part of the) index? (this may be trivial--not sure yet) Possible Solutions: Make an index for each client (database) Pro: Search is faster (than one-index-for-all method). Indices are relative to the size of the client's data. Con: I'm not sure what this entails, nor do I know if this is beyond Lucene's scope. Have a single, gigantic index with a database_name field. Always include database_name as a filter. Pro: Not sure. Maybe good for tech support or billing dept to search all databases for info. Con: Search is slower (than index-per-client method). Flawed security if query filter removed. One last thing: I would also accept an answer that uses Solr (the extension of Lucene). Perhaps it's better suited for this problem. Not sure.

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• 'Scanner' does not name a type error in g++

  - by Max

  Hi. I'm trying to compile code in g++ and I get the following errors: In file included from scanner.hpp:8, from scanner.cpp:5: parser.hpp:14: error: ‘Scanner’ does not name a type parser.hpp:15: error: ‘Token’ does not name a type Here's my g++ command: g++ parser.cpp scanner.cpp -Wall Here's parser.hpp: #ifndef PARSER_HPP #define PARSER_HPP #include <string> #include <map> #include "scanner.hpp" using std::string; class Parser { // Member Variables private: Scanner lex; // Lexical analyzer Token look; // tracks the current lookahead token // Member Functions <some function declarations> }; #endif and here's scanner.hpp: #ifndef SCANNER_HPP #define SCANNER_HPP #include <iostream> #include <cctype> #include <string> #include <map> #include "parser.hpp" using std::string; using std::map; enum { // reserved words BOOL, ELSE, IF, TRUE, WHILE, DO, FALSE, INT, VOID, // punctuation and operators LPAREN, RPAREN, LBRACK, RBRACK, LBRACE, RBRACE, SEMI, COMMA, PLUS, MINUS, TIMES, DIV, MOD, AND, OR, NOT, IS, ADDR, EQ, NE, LT, GT, LE, GE, // symbolic constants NUM, ID, ENDFILE, ERROR }; class Token { public: int tag; int value; string lexeme; Token() {tag = 0;} Token(int t) {tag = t;} }; class Num : public Token { public: Num(int v) {tag = NUM; value = v;} }; class Word : public Token { public: Word() {tag = 0; lexeme = "default";} Word(int t, string l) {tag = t; lexeme = l;} }; class Scanner { private: int line; // which line the compiler is currently on int depth; // how deep in the parse tree the compiler is map<string,Word> words; // list of reserved words and used identifiers // Member Functions public: Scanner(); Token scan(); string printTag(int); friend class Parser; }; #endif anyone see the problem? I feel like I'm missing something incredibly obvious.

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• Unable to use getInt() but able to use getString() for a sqlite database

  - by mwrazam

  I am using a cursor to access a sqlite database I have in my app. I am having trouble using the .getInt() on my database. My database is pre-created, and I have a few cursors that perform queries to interface with the information. Several of the columns in one of the tables are set as INTEGER type. I realize that sqlite has no built in check to make sure columns are indeed INT. However, when retrieving the data, I can use the .getString() function without any issues, but calling .getInt() causes the app to crash. Below is the relevant code. If I am missing anything, please let me know, and I'll add it in. Any help is greatly appreciated. Thank you very much. Cursor: public Cursor getSkitStats(int module, int skit) { Cursor mCursor = myDataBase.rawQuery("SELECT * FROM score WHERE mod="+module+" AND skit="+skit+"", null); if (mCursor != null) { mCursor.moveToFirst(); } return mCursor; } and I am using a simple Toast call to output the result of the query: Toast.makeText(getApplicationContext(), scoreContent.getInt(0), Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); The variable scoreContent is the cursor. And here is the crash output: 07-08 23:53:31.726: E/AndroidRuntime(15685): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1659) 07-08 23:53:31.726: E/AndroidRuntime(15685): at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1675) 07-08 23:53:31.726: E/AndroidRuntime(15685): at android.app.ActivityThread.access$1500(ActivityThread.java:121) 07-08 23:53:31.726: E/AndroidRuntime(15685): at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:943) 07-08 23:53:31.726: E/AndroidRuntime(15685): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99) 07-08 23:53:31.726: E/AndroidRuntime(15685): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:130) 07-08 23:53:31.726: E/AndroidRuntime(15685): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:3701) 07-08 23:53:31.726: E/AndroidRuntime(15685): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 07-08 23:53:31.726: E/AndroidRuntime(15685): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:507) 07-08 23:53:31.726: E/AndroidRuntime(15685): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:866) 07-08 23:53:31.726: E/AndroidRuntime(15685): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:624) 07-08 23:53:31.726: E/AndroidRuntime(15685): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method) 07-08 23:53:31.726: E/AndroidRuntime(15685): Caused by: android.content.res.Resources$NotFoundException: String resource ID #0x2 07-08 23:53:31.726: E/AndroidRuntime(15685): at android.content.res.Resources.getText(Resources.java:205) 07-08 23:53:31.726: E/AndroidRuntime(15685): at android.widget.Toast.makeText(Toast.java:258) 07-08 23:53:31.726: E/AndroidRuntime(15685): at jp.atomicideas.ne.Summary.onCreate(Summary.java:90) 07-08 23:53:31.726: E/AndroidRuntime(15685): at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1047) 07-08 23:53:31.726: E/AndroidRuntime(15685): at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1623) 07-08 23:53:31.726: E/AndroidRuntime(15685): ... 11 more

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• [C] Programming problem: Storing values of an array in one variable

  - by OldMacDonald

  Hello, I am trying to use md5 code to calculate checksums of file. Now the given function prints out the (previously calculated) checksum on screen, but I want to store it in a variable, to be able to compare it later on. I guess the main problem is that I want to store the content of an array in one variable. How can I manage that? Probably this is a very stupid question, but maybe somone can help. Below is the function to print out the value. I want to modify it to store the result in one variable. static void MDPrint (mdContext) MD5_CTX *mdContext; { int i; for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) { printf ("%02x", mdContext->digest[i]); } // end of for } // end of function For reasons of completeness the used struct: /* typedef a 32 bit type */ typedef unsigned long int UINT4; /* Data structure for MD5 (Message Digest) computation */ typedef struct { UINT4 i[2]; /* number of _bits_ handled mod 2^64 */ UINT4 buf[4]; /* scratch buffer */ unsigned char in[64]; /* input buffer */ unsigned char digest[16]; /* actual digest after MD5Final call */ } MD5_CTX; and the used function to calculate the checksum: static int MDFile (filename) char *filename; { FILE *inFile = fopen (filename, "rb"); MD5_CTX mdContext; int bytes; unsigned char data[1024]; if (inFile == NULL) { printf ("%s can't be opened.\n", filename); return -1; } // end of if MD5Init (&mdContext); while ((bytes = fread (data, 1, 1024, inFile)) != 0) MD5Update (&mdContext, data, bytes); MD5Final (&mdContext); MDPrint (&mdContext); printf (" %s\n", filename); fclose (inFile); return 0; }

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• Content Management for WebCenter Installation Guide

  - by Gary Niu

  Overvew As we known, there are two way to install Content Management for WebCenter. One way is install it by WebCenter installer wizard, another way is to install it use their own installer. This guide is for the later one. For SSO purpose, I also mentioned how to config OID identity store for Content Management for WebCenter. Content Management for WebCenter( 10.1.3.5.1) Oracle Enterprise Linux R5U4 Basic Installation -bash-3.2$ ./setup.sh Please select your locale from the list.           1. Chinese-Simplified           2. Chinese-Traditional           3. Deutsch          *4. English-US           5. English-UK           6. Español           7. Français           8. Italiano           9. Japanese          10. Korean          11. Nederlands          12. Português-Brazil Choice? Throughout the install, when entering a text value, you can press Enter to accept the default that appears between square brackets ([]). When selecting from a list, you can select the choice followed by an asterisk by pressing Enter. Select installation type from the list.         *1. Install new server          2. Update a server Choice? Content Server Installation Directory Please enter the full pathname to the installation directory. Content Server Core Folder [/oracle/ucm/server]:/opt/oracle/ucm/server Create Directory         *1. yes          2. no Choice? Java virtual machine         *1. Sun Java 1.5.0_11 JDK          2. Specify a custom Java virtual machine Choice? Installing with Java version 1.5.0_11. Enter the location of the native file repository. This directory contains the native files checked in by contributors. Content Server Native Vault Folder [/opt/oracle/ucm/server/vault/]: Create Directory         *1. yes          2. no Choice? Enter the location of the web-viewable file repository. This directory contains files that can be accessed through the web server. Content Server Weblayout Folder [/opt/oracle/ucm/server/weblayout/]: Create Directory         *1. yes          2. no Choice? This server can be configured to manage its own authentication or to allow another master to act as an authentication proxy. Configure this server as a master or proxied server.         *1. Configure as a master server.          2. Configure as server proxied by a local master server. Choice? During installation, an admin server can be installed and configured to manage this server. If there is already an admin server on this system, you can have the installer configure it to administrate this server instead. Select admin server configuration.         *1. Install an admin server to manage this server.          2. Configure an existing admin server to manage this server.          3. Don't configure an admin server. Choice? Enter the location of an executable to start your web browser. This browser will be used to display the online help. Web Browser Path [/usr/bin/firefox]: Content Server System locale           1. Chinese-Simplified           2. Chinese-Traditional           3. Deutsch          *4. English-US           5. English-UK           6. Español           7. Français           8. Italiano           9. Japanese          10. Korean          11. Nederlands          12. Português-Brazil Choice? Please select the region for your timezone from the list.         *1. Use the timezone setting for your operating system          2. Pacific          3. America          4. Atlantic          5. Europe          6. Africa          7. Asia          8. Indian          9. Australia Choice? Please enter the port number that will be used to connect to the Content Server. This port must be otherwise unused. Content Server Port [4444]: Please enter the port number that will be used to connect to the Admin Server. This port must be otherwise unused. Admin Server Port [4440]: Enter a security filter for the server port. Hosts which are allowed to communicate directly with the server port may access any resources managed by the server. Insure that hosts which need access are included in the filter. See the installation guide for more details. Incoming connection address filter [127.0.0.1]:*.*.*.* *** Content Server URL Prefix The URL prefix specified here is used when generating HTML pages that refer to the contents of the weblayout directory within the installation. This prefix must be mapped in the web server Additional Document Directories section of the Content Management administration menu to the physical location of the weblayout directory. For example, "/idc/" would be used in your installation to refer to the URL http://ucm.company.com/idc which would be mapped in the web server to the physical location /oracle/ucm/server/weblayout. Web Server Relative Root [/idc/]: Enter the name of the local mail server. The server will contact this system to deliver email. Company Mail Server [mail]: Enter the e-mail address for the system administrator. Administrator E-Mail Address [sysadmin@mail]: *** Web Server Address Many generated HTML pages refer to the web server you are using. The address specified here will be used when generating those pages. The address should include the host and domain name in most cases. If your webserver is running on a port other than 80, append a colon and the port number. Examples: www.company.com, ucm.company.com:90 Web Server HTTP Address [yekki]:yekki.cn.oracle.com:7777 Enter the name for this instance. This name should be unique across your entire enterprise. It may not contain characters other than letters, numbers, and underscores. Server Instance Name [idc]: Enter a short label for this instance. This label is used on web pages to identify this instance. It should be less than 12 characters long. Server Instance Label [idc]: Enter a long description for this instance. Server Description [Content Server idc]: Web Server         *1. Apache          2. Sun ONE          3. Configure manually Choice? Please select a database from the list below to use with the Content Server. Content Server Database         *1. Oracle          2. Microsoft SQL Server 2005          3. Microsoft SQL Server 2000          4. Sybase          5. DB2          6. Custom JDBC settings          7. Skip database configuration Choice? Manually configure JDBC settings for this database          1. yes         *2. no Choice? Oracle Server Hostname [localhost]: Oracle Listener Port Number [1521]: *** Database User ID The user name is used to log into the database used by the content server. Oracle User [user]:YEKKI_OCSERVER *** Database Password The password is used to log into the database used by the content server. Oracle Password []:oracle Oracle Instance Name [ORACLE]:orcl Configure the JVM to find the JDBC driver in a specific jar file          1. yes         *2. no Choice? The installer can attempt to create the database tables or you can manually create them. If you choose to manually create the tables, you should create them now. Attempt to create database tables          1. yes         *2. no Choice? Select components to install.          1. ContentFolios: Collect related items in folios          2. Folders_g: Organize content into hierarchical folders          3. LinkManager8: Hypertext link management support          4. OracleTextSearch: External Oracle 11g database as search indexer support          5. ThreadedDiscussions: Threaded discussion management Enter numbers separated by commas to toggle, 0 to unselect all, F to finish: 1,2,3,4,5         *1. ContentFolios: Collect related items in folios         *2. Folders_g: Organize content into hierarchical folders         *3. LinkManager8: Hypertext link management support         *4. OracleTextSearch: External Oracle 11g database as search indexer support         *5. ThreadedDiscussions: Threaded discussion management Enter numbers separated by commas to toggle, 0 to unselect all, F to finish: F Checking configuration. . . Configuration OK. Review install settings. . . Content Server Core Folder: /opt/oracle/ucm/server Java virtual machine: Sun Java 1.5.0_11 JDK Content Server Native Vault Folder: /opt/oracle/ucm/server/vault/ Content Server Weblayout Folder: /opt/oracle/ucm/server/weblayout/ Proxy authentication through another server: no Install admin server: yes Web Browser Path: /usr/bin/firefox Content Server System locale: English-US Content Server Port: 4444 Admin Server Port: 4440 Incoming connection address filter: *.*.*.* Web Server Relative Root: /idc/ Company Mail Server: mail Administrator E-Mail Address: sysadmin@mail Web Server HTTP Address: yekki.cn.oracle.com:7777 Server Instance Name: idc Server Instance Label: idc Server Description: Content Server idc Web Server: Apache Content Server Database: Oracle Manually configure JDBC settings for this database: false Oracle Server Hostname: localhost Oracle Listener Port Number: 1521 Oracle User: YEKKI_OCSERVER Oracle Password: 6GP1gBgzSyKa4JW10U8UqqPznr/lzkNn/Ojf6M8GJ8I= Oracle Instance Name: orcl Configure the JVM to find the JDBC driver in a specific jar file: false Attempt to create database tables: no Components: ContentFolios,Folders_g,LinkManager8,OracleTextSearch,ThreadedDiscussions Proceed with install         *1. Proceed          2. Change configuration          3. Recheck the configuration          4. Abort installation Choice? Finished install type Install with warnings at 4/2/10 12:32 AM. Run Scripts -bash-3.2$ ./wc_contentserverconfig.sh /opt/oracle/ucm/server /mnt/hgfs/SOFTWARE/ofm_ucm_generic_10.1.3.5.1_disk1_1of1/ContentServer/webcenter-conf Installing '/mnt/hgfs/SOFTWARE/ofm_ucm_generic_10.1.3.5.1_disk1_1of1/ContentServer/webcenter-conf/CS10gR35UpdateBundle.zip' Service 'DELETE_DOC' Extended Service 'DELETE_BYREV_REVISION' Extended Installing '/mnt/hgfs/SOFTWARE/ofm_ucm_generic_10.1.3.5.1_disk1_1of1/ContentServer/webcenter-conf/ContentAccess/ContentAccess-linux.zip' (internal)      04.02 00:40:38.019      main    updateDocMetaDefinitionV11: adding decimal column Installing '/opt/oracle/ucm/server/custom/CS10gR35UpdateBundle/extras/Folders_g.zip' Installing '/opt/oracle/ucm/server/custom/CS10gR35UpdateBundle/extras/FusionLibraries.zip' Installing '/opt/oracle/ucm/server/custom/CS10gR35UpdateBundle/extras/JpsUserProvider.zip' Installing '/mnt/hgfs/SOFTWARE/ofm_ucm_generic_10.1.3.5.1_disk1_1of1/ContentServer/webcenter-conf/WcConfigure.zip' Apr 2, 2010 12:41:24 AM oracle.security.jps.internal.core.util.JpsConfigUtil getPasswordCredential WARNING: A password credential is expected; instead found . Apr 2, 2010 12:41:24 AM oracle.security.jps.internal.idstore.util.IdentityStoreUtil getUnamePwdFromCredStore WARNING: The credential with map JPS and key ldap.credential does not exist. Apr 2, 2010 12:41:27 AM oracle.security.jps.internal.core.util.JpsConfigUtil getPasswordCredential WARNING: A password credential is expected; instead found . Apr 2, 2010 12:41:27 AM oracle.security.jps.internal.idstore.util.IdentityStoreUtil getUnamePwdFromCredStore WARNING: The credential with map JPS and key ldap.credential does not exist. Apr 2, 2010 12:41:28 AM oracle.security.jps.internal.core.util.JpsConfigUtil getPasswordCredential WARNING: A password credential is expected; instead found . Apr 2, 2010 12:41:28 AM oracle.security.jps.internal.idstore.util.IdentityStoreUtil getUnamePwdFromCredStore WARNING: The credential with map JPS and key ldap.credential does not exist. Restart Content Server to apply updates. Configuring Apache Web Server append the following lines at httpd.conf: include "/opt/oracle/ucm/server/data/users/apache22/apache.conf" Configuring the Identity Store( Optional ) 1.  Stop Oracle Content Server and the Admin Server 2.  Update the Oracle Content Server's JPS configuration file, jps-config.xml: a. add a service instance <serviceInstance provider="idstore.ldap.provider" name="idstore.oid"> <property name="subscriber.name" value="dc=cn,dc=oracle,dc=com"></property> <property name="idstore.type" value="OID"></property> <property name="security.principal.key" value="ldap.credential"></property> <property name="security.principal.alias" value="JPS"></property> <property name="ldap.url" value="ldap://yekki.cn.oracle.com:3060"></property> <extendedProperty> <name>user.search.bases</name> <values> <value>cn=users,dc=cn,dc=oracle,dc=com</value> </values> </extendedProperty> <extendedProperty> <name>group.search.bases</name> <values> <value>cn=groups,dc=cn,dc=oracle,dc=com</value> </values> </extendedProperty> <property name="username.attr" value="uid"></property> <property name="user.login.attr" value="uid"></property> <property name="groupname.attr" value="cn"></property> </serviceInstance> b. Ensure that the <jpsContext> entry in the jps-config.xml file refers to the new serviceInstance, that is, idstore.oid and not idstore.ldap: <jpsContext name="default"> <serviceInstanceRef ref="idstore.oid"/> 3. Run the new script to setup the credentials for idstore.oid in the credential store: cd CONTENT_SERVER_HOME/custom/FusionLibraries/tools -bash-3.2$ ./run_credtool.sh Buildfile: ./../tools/credtool.xml     [input] skipping input as property action has already been set.     [input] Alias: [JPS]     [input] Key: [ldap.credential]     [input] User Name: cn=orcladmin     [input] Password: welcome1     [input] JPS Config: [/opt/oracle/ucm/server/custom/FusionLibraries/tools/../../../config/jps-config.xml] manage-creds:      [echo] @@@ Help: run 'ant manage-creds' command to see the detailed usage      [java] Using default context in /opt/oracle/ucm/server/custom/FusionLibraries/tools/../../../config/jps-config.xml file for credential store.      [java] Credential store location : /opt/oracle/ucm/server/config      [java] Credential with map JPS key ldap.credential stored successfully!      [java]      [java]      [java]     Credential for map JPS and key ldap.credential is:      [java]             PasswordCredential name : cn=orcladmin      [java]             PasswordCredential password : welcome1 BUILD SUCCESSFUL Total time: 1 minute 27 seconds Testing 1. acces http://yekki.cn.oracle.com:7777/idc 2. login in with OID user, for example: orcladmin/welcome1 3. make sure your JpsUserProvider status is "good"

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• Do not use “using” in WCF Client

  - by oazabir

  You know that any IDisposable object must be disposed using using. So, you have been using using to wrap WCF service’s ChannelFactory and Clients like this: using(var client = new SomeClient()) {. ..} Or, if you are doing it the hard and slow way (without really knowing why), then: using(var factory = new ChannelFactory<ISomeService>()) {var channel= factory.CreateChannel();...} That’s what we have all learnt in school right? We have learnt it wrong! When there’s a network related error or the connection is broken, or the call is timed out before Dispose is called by the using keyword, then it results in the following exception when the using keyword tries to dispose the channel: failed: System.ServiceModel.CommunicationObjectFaultedException : The communication object, System.ServiceModel.Channels.ServiceChannel, cannot be used for communication because it is in the Faulted state. Server stack trace: at System.ServiceModel.Channels.CommunicationObject.Close(TimeSpan timeout) Exception rethrown at [0]: at System.Runtime.Remoting.Proxies.RealProxy.HandleReturnMessage(IMessage reqMsg, IMessage retMsg) at System.Runtime.Remoting.Proxies.RealProxy.PrivateInvoke(MessageData& msgData, Int32 type) at System.ServiceModel.ICommunicationObject.Close(TimeSpan timeout) at System.ServiceModel.ClientBase`1.System.ServiceModel.ICommunicationObject.Close(TimeSpan timeout) at System.ServiceModel.ClientBase`1.Close() at System.ServiceModel.ClientBase`1.System.IDisposable.Dispose() There are various reasons for which the underlying connection can be at broken state before the using block is completed and the .Dispose() is called. Common problems like network connection dropping, IIS doing an app pool recycle at that moment, some proxy sitting between you and the service dropping the connection for various reasons and so on. The point is, it might seem like a corner case, but it’s a likely corner case. If you are building a highly available client, you need to treat this properly before you go-live. So, do NOT use using on WCF Channel/Client/ChannelFactory. Instead you need to use an alternative. Here’s what you can do: First create an extension method. public static class WcfExtensions{ public static void Using<T>(this T client, Action<T> work) where T : ICommunicationObject { try { work(client); client.Close(); } catch (CommunicationException e) { client.Abort(); } catch (TimeoutException e) { client.Abort(); } catch (Exception e) { client.Abort(); throw; } }} Then use this instead of the using keyword: new SomeClient().Using(channel => { channel.Login(username, password);}); Or if you are using ChannelFactory then: new ChannelFactory<ISomeService>().Using(channel => { channel.Login(username, password);}); Enjoy!

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• C#/.NET Little Wonders: The Concurrent Collections (1 of 3)

  - by James Michael Hare

  Once again we consider some of the lesser known classes and keywords of C#.  In the next few weeks, we will discuss the concurrent collections and how they have changed the face of concurrent programming. This week’s post will begin with a general introduction and discuss the ConcurrentStack<T> and ConcurrentQueue<T>.  Then in the following post we’ll discuss the ConcurrentDictionary<T> and ConcurrentBag<T>.  Finally, we shall close on the third post with a discussion of the BlockingCollection<T>. For more of the "Little Wonders" posts, see the index here. A brief history of collections In the beginning was the .NET 1.0 Framework.  And out of this framework emerged the System.Collections namespace, and it was good.  It contained all the basic things a growing programming language needs like the ArrayList and Hashtable collections.  The main problem, of course, with these original collections is that they held items of type object which means you had to be disciplined enough to use them correctly or you could end up with runtime errors if you got an object of a type you weren't expecting. Then came .NET 2.0 and generics and our world changed forever!  With generics the C# language finally got an equivalent of the very powerful C++ templates.  As such, the System.Collections.Generic was born and we got type-safe versions of all are favorite collections.  The List<T> succeeded the ArrayList and the Dictionary<TKey,TValue> succeeded the Hashtable and so on.  The new versions of the library were not only safer because they checked types at compile-time, in many cases they were more performant as well.  So much so that it's Microsoft's recommendation that the System.Collections original collections only be used for backwards compatibility. So we as developers came to know and love the generic collections and took them into our hearts and embraced them.  The problem is, thread safety in both the original collections and the generic collections can be problematic, for very different reasons. Now, if you are only doing single-threaded development you may not care – after all, no locking is required.  Even if you do have multiple threads, if a collection is “load-once, read-many” you don’t need to do anything to protect that container from multi-threaded access, as illustrated below: 1: public static class OrderTypeTranslator 2: { 3: // because this dictionary is loaded once before it is ever accessed, we don't need to synchronize 4: // multi-threaded read access 5: private static readonly Dictionary<string, char> _translator = new Dictionary<string, char> 6: { 7: {"New", 'N'}, 8: {"Update", 'U'}, 9: {"Cancel", 'X'} 10: }; 11:  12: // the only public interface into the dictionary is for reading, so inherently thread-safe 13: public static char? Translate(string orderType) 14: { 15: char charValue; 16: if (_translator.TryGetValue(orderType, out charValue)) 17: { 18: return charValue; 19: } 20:  21: return null; 22: } 23: } Unfortunately, most of our computer science problems cannot get by with just single-threaded applications or with multi-threading in a load-once manner.  Looking at  today's trends, it's clear to see that computers are not so much getting faster because of faster processor speeds -- we've nearly reached the limits we can push through with today's technologies -- but more because we're adding more cores to the boxes.  With this new hardware paradigm, it is even more important to use multi-threaded applications to take full advantage of parallel processing to achieve higher application speeds. So let's look at how to use collections in a thread-safe manner. Using historical collections in a concurrent fashion The early .NET collections (System.Collections) had a Synchronized() static method that could be used to wrap the early collections to make them completely thread-safe.  This paradigm was dropped in the generic collections (System.Collections.Generic) because having a synchronized wrapper resulted in atomic locks for all operations, which could prove overkill in many multithreading situations.  Thus the paradigm shifted to having the user of the collection specify their own locking, usually with an external object: 1: public class OrderAggregator 2: { 3: private static readonly Dictionary<string, List<Order>> _orders = new Dictionary<string, List<Order>>(); 4: private static readonly _orderLock = new object(); 5:  6: public void Add(string accountNumber, Order newOrder) 7: { 8: List<Order> ordersForAccount; 9:  10: // a complex operation like this should all be protected 11: lock (_orderLock) 12: { 13: if (!_orders.TryGetValue(accountNumber, out ordersForAccount)) 14: { 15: _orders.Add(accountNumber, ordersForAccount = new List<Order>()); 16: } 17:  18: ordersForAccount.Add(newOrder); 19: } 20: } 21: } Notice how we’re performing several operations on the dictionary under one lock.  With the Synchronized() static methods of the early collections, you wouldn’t be able to specify this level of locking (a more macro-level).  So in the generic collections, it was decided that if a user needed synchronization, they could implement their own locking scheme instead so that they could provide synchronization as needed. The need for better concurrent access to collections Here’s the problem: it’s relatively easy to write a collection that locks itself down completely for access, but anything more complex than that can be difficult and error-prone to write, and much less to make it perform efficiently!  For example, what if you have a Dictionary that has frequent reads but in-frequent updates?  Do you want to lock down the entire Dictionary for every access?  This would be overkill and would prevent concurrent reads.  In such cases you could use something like a ReaderWriterLockSlim which allows for multiple readers in a lock, and then once a writer grabs the lock it blocks all further readers until the writer is done (in a nutshell).  This is all very complex stuff to consider. Fortunately, this is where the Concurrent Collections come in.  The Parallel Computing Platform team at Microsoft went through great pains to determine how to make a set of concurrent collections that would have the best performance characteristics for general case multi-threaded use. Now, as in all things involving threading, you should always make sure you evaluate all your container options based on the particular usage scenario and the degree of parallelism you wish to acheive. This article should not be taken to understand that these collections are always supperior to the generic collections. Each fills a particular need for a particular situation. Understanding what each container is optimized for is key to the success of your application whether it be single-threaded or multi-threaded. General points to consider with the concurrent collections The MSDN points out that the concurrent collections all support the ICollection interface. However, since the collections are already synchronized, the IsSynchronized property always returns false, and SyncRoot always returns null.  Thus you should not attempt to use these properties for synchronization purposes. Note that since the concurrent collections also may have different operations than the traditional data structures you may be used to.  Now you may ask why they did this, but it was done out of necessity to keep operations safe and atomic.  For example, in order to do a Pop() on a stack you have to know the stack is non-empty, but between the time you check the stack’s IsEmpty property and then do the Pop() another thread may have come in and made the stack empty!  This is why some of the traditional operations have been changed to make them safe for concurrent use. In addition, some properties and methods in the concurrent collections achieve concurrency by creating a snapshot of the collection, which means that some operations that were traditionally O(1) may now be O(n) in the concurrent models.  I’ll try to point these out as we talk about each collection so you can be aware of any potential performance impacts.  Finally, all the concurrent containers are safe for enumeration even while being modified, but some of the containers support this in different ways (snapshot vs. dirty iteration).  Once again I’ll highlight how thread-safe enumeration works for each collection. ConcurrentStack<T>: The thread-safe LIFO container The ConcurrentStack<T> is the thread-safe counterpart to the System.Collections.Generic.Stack<T>, which as you may remember is your standard last-in-first-out container.  If you think of algorithms that favor stack usage (for example, depth-first searches of graphs and trees) then you can see how using a thread-safe stack would be of benefit. The ConcurrentStack<T> achieves thread-safe access by using System.Threading.Interlocked operations.  This means that the multi-threaded access to the stack requires no traditional locking and is very, very fast! For the most part, the ConcurrentStack<T> behaves like it’s Stack<T> counterpart with a few differences: Pop() was removed in favor of TryPop() Returns true if an item existed and was popped and false if empty. PushRange() and TryPopRange() were added Allows you to push multiple items and pop multiple items atomically. Count takes a snapshot of the stack and then counts the items. This means it is a O(n) operation, if you just want to check for an empty stack, call IsEmpty instead which is O(1). ToArray() and GetEnumerator() both also take snapshots. This means that iteration over a stack will give you a static view at the time of the call and will not reflect updates. Pushing on a ConcurrentStack<T> works just like you’d expect except for the aforementioned PushRange() method that was added to allow you to push a range of items concurrently. 1: var stack = new ConcurrentStack<string>(); 2:  3: // adding to stack is much the same as before 4: stack.Push("First"); 5:  6: // but you can also push multiple items in one atomic operation (no interleaves) 7: stack.PushRange(new [] { "Second", "Third", "Fourth" }); For looking at the top item of the stack (without removing it) the Peek() method has been removed in favor of a TryPeek().  This is because in order to do a peek the stack must be non-empty, but between the time you check for empty and the time you execute the peek the stack contents may have changed.  Thus the TryPeek() was created to be an atomic check for empty, and then peek if not empty: 1: // to look at top item of stack without removing it, can use TryPeek. 2: // Note that there is no Peek(), this is because you need to check for empty first. TryPeek does. 3: string item; 4: if (stack.TryPeek(out item)) 5: { 6: Console.WriteLine("Top item was " + item); 7: } 8: else 9: { 10: Console.WriteLine("Stack was empty."); 11: } Finally, to remove items from the stack, we have the TryPop() for single, and TryPopRange() for multiple items.  Just like the TryPeek(), these operations replace Pop() since we need to ensure atomically that the stack is non-empty before we pop from it: 1: // to remove items, use TryPop or TryPopRange to get multiple items atomically (no interleaves) 2: if (stack.TryPop(out item)) 3: { 4: Console.WriteLine("Popped " + item); 5: } 6:  7: // TryPopRange will only pop up to the number of spaces in the array, the actual number popped is returned. 8: var poppedItems = new string[2]; 9: int numPopped = stack.TryPopRange(poppedItems); 10:  11: foreach (var theItem in poppedItems.Take(numPopped)) 12: { 13: Console.WriteLine("Popped " + theItem); 14: } Finally, note that as stated before, GetEnumerator() and ToArray() gets a snapshot of the data at the time of the call.  That means if you are enumerating the stack you will get a snapshot of the stack at the time of the call.  This is illustrated below: 1: var stack = new ConcurrentStack<string>(); 2:  3: // adding to stack is much the same as before 4: stack.Push("First"); 5:  6: var results = stack.GetEnumerator(); 7:  8: // but you can also push multiple items in one atomic operation (no interleaves) 9: stack.PushRange(new [] { "Second", "Third", "Fourth" }); 10:  11: while(results.MoveNext()) 12: { 13: Console.WriteLine("Stack only has: " + results.Current); 14: } The only item that will be printed out in the above code is "First" because the snapshot was taken before the other items were added. This may sound like an issue, but it’s really for safety and is more correct.  You don’t want to enumerate a stack and have half a view of the stack before an update and half a view of the stack after an update, after all.  In addition, note that this is still thread-safe, whereas iterating through a non-concurrent collection while updating it in the old collections would cause an exception. ConcurrentQueue<T>: The thread-safe FIFO container The ConcurrentQueue<T> is the thread-safe counterpart of the System.Collections.Generic.Queue<T> class.  The concurrent queue uses an underlying list of small arrays and lock-free System.Threading.Interlocked operations on the head and tail arrays.  Once again, this allows us to do thread-safe operations without the need for heavy locks! The ConcurrentQueue<T> (like the ConcurrentStack<T>) has some departures from the non-concurrent counterpart.  Most notably: Dequeue() was removed in favor of TryDequeue(). Returns true if an item existed and was dequeued and false if empty. Count does not take a snapshot It subtracts the head and tail index to get the count.  This results overall in a O(1) complexity which is quite good.  It’s still recommended, however, that for empty checks you call IsEmpty instead of comparing Count to zero. ToArray() and GetEnumerator() both take snapshots. This means that iteration over a queue will give you a static view at the time of the call and will not reflect updates. The Enqueue() method on the ConcurrentQueue<T> works much the same as the generic Queue<T>: 1: var queue = new ConcurrentQueue<string>(); 2:  3: // adding to queue is much the same as before 4: queue.Enqueue("First"); 5: queue.Enqueue("Second"); 6: queue.Enqueue("Third"); For front item access, the TryPeek() method must be used to attempt to see the first item if the queue.  There is no Peek() method since, as you’ll remember, we can only peek on a non-empty queue, so we must have an atomic TryPeek() that checks for empty and then returns the first item if the queue is non-empty. 1: // to look at first item in queue without removing it, can use TryPeek. 2: // Note that there is no Peek(), this is because you need to check for empty first. TryPeek does. 3: string item; 4: if (queue.TryPeek(out item)) 5: { 6: Console.WriteLine("First item was " + item); 7: } 8: else 9: { 10: Console.WriteLine("Queue was empty."); 11: } Then, to remove items you use TryDequeue().  Once again this is for the same reason we have TryPeek() and not Peek(): 1: // to remove items, use TryDequeue. If queue is empty returns false. 2: if (queue.TryDequeue(out item)) 3: { 4: Console.WriteLine("Dequeued first item " + item); 5: } Just like the concurrent stack, the ConcurrentQueue<T> takes a snapshot when you call ToArray() or GetEnumerator() which means that subsequent updates to the queue will not be seen when you iterate over the results.  Thus once again the code below will only show the first item, since the other items were added after the snapshot. 1: var queue = new ConcurrentQueue<string>(); 2:  3: // adding to queue is much the same as before 4: queue.Enqueue("First"); 5:  6: var iterator = queue.GetEnumerator(); 7:  8: queue.Enqueue("Second"); 9: queue.Enqueue("Third"); 10:  11: // only shows First 12: while (iterator.MoveNext()) 13: { 14: Console.WriteLine("Dequeued item " + iterator.Current); 15: } Using collections concurrently You’ll notice in the examples above I stuck to using single-threaded examples so as to make them deterministic and the results obvious.  Of course, if we used these collections in a truly multi-threaded way the results would be less deterministic, but would still be thread-safe and with no locking on your part required! For example, say you have an order processor that takes an IEnumerable<Order> and handles each other in a multi-threaded fashion, then groups the responses together in a concurrent collection for aggregation.  This can be done easily with the TPL’s Parallel.ForEach(): 1: public static IEnumerable<OrderResult> ProcessOrders(IEnumerable<Order> orderList) 2: { 3: var proxy = new OrderProxy(); 4: var results = new ConcurrentQueue<OrderResult>(); 5:  6: // notice that we can process all these in parallel and put the results 7: // into our concurrent collection without needing any external locking! 8: Parallel.ForEach(orderList, 9: order => 10: { 11: var result = proxy.PlaceOrder(order); 12:  13: results.Enqueue(result); 14: }); 15:  16: return results; 17: } Summary Obviously, if you do not need multi-threaded safety, you don’t need to use these collections, but when you do need multi-threaded collections these are just the ticket! The plethora of features (I always think of the movie The Three Amigos when I say plethora) built into these containers and the amazing way they acheive thread-safe access in an efficient manner is wonderful to behold. Stay tuned next week where we’ll continue our discussion with the ConcurrentBag<T> and the ConcurrentDictionary<TKey,TValue>. For some excellent information on the performance of the concurrent collections and how they perform compared to a traditional brute-force locking strategy, see this wonderful whitepaper by the Microsoft Parallel Computing Platform team here.   Tweet Technorati Tags: C#,.NET,Concurrent Collections,Collections,Multi-Threading,Little Wonders,BlackRabbitCoder,James Michael Hare

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• Resources such as libraries, engines and frameworks to make Javacript-based MMORTS? [closed]

  - by hhh

  I am looking for resources outlined to make a MMORTS with Javascript as the client-side, probably just a simple canvas for the frontend. The guy in the video here mentions that JavaScript is one of the most misunderstood language -- and I do believe that. I think one can make quite cool games with it in the future. So I am now proactively looking for resources and perhaps some ideas. My first idea contained Node.js, C and NetBSD/bozohttpd (or the-4-7-chars' *ix-thing with green-logo -thing, move the q here) but I acknowledge my beginner -style approach -- this issue is broad and not only for one person to make it all-the-time-improved project! So I think perfect for community to tinker. Some games and examples possibly easy to make into MMORTS BrowserQuest here under MPL 2.0 and its content licensed under CC-BY-SA 3.0 (source here) [proprietary] LoU here and built with JS/Qooxdoo/c#/Windows-Server/ISS/etc, source. MY ANSWER BEGINS HERE TO BE MOVED BELOW, REQUIRING RE-OPENING. PLEASE, VOTE TO OPEN IT -- HELP US TO TINKER! My answer Generic Is there an MMO-related research body? Although about Android, certain things also appropriate with JS -game: Are there any 2D gaming libraries/frameworks/engines for Android? Why is it so hard to develop a MMO? Browser based MMO Architecture MMO architecture - Highly Scalable with Reporting capabilities What are the Elements of an MMO Game? Is this the right architecture for our MMORPG mobile game? Looking for architectures to develop massive multiplayer game server Information on seamless MMO server architecture Game-mechanics (search) Question sounding like about LoU: What are the different ways to balance an online multiplayer game where user spend different amounts of time online? Building an instance system What are the different ways to balance an online multiplayer game where user spend different amounts of time online? Hosting is it possible to make a MMO starting with scalable hosting? Should I keep login server apart from game server? MMO techniques, algorithms and resources for keeping bandwidth low? MMO Proxy Server Javascript and Client-based things What do I need to do a MMORTS in JavaScript with small amount of Developers? How to update the monsters in my MMO server using Node.js and Socket.IO Are there any good html 5 mmo design tutorials? Networking Loadbalancing Questions Something about TCP, routers, NAT, etc: How do I start writing an MMO game server? Who does the AI calculations in an MMO? They need someone more knowledgable to work with, a lot of cases where the same words mean different things. Data Structures What data structure should I use for a Diablo/WoW-style talent tree? Game Engine Need an engine for MMO mockup Helper sites http://www.gamedev.net/page/index.html

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• Ubuntu Software Center starts, then crashes before fully loaded [closed]

  - by Nathan Weisser

  Possible Duplicate: Software center not opening I am brand new to Linux and Ubuntu, and I couldn't install GIMP without the software center. I looked up earlier how to fix it, and it said to fix my sources list, and I did, but now i get a new error in the terminal. 2012-08-14 15:29:08,941 - softwarecenter.ui.gtk3.app - INFO - setting up proxy 'None' 2012-08-14 15:29:08,954 - softwarecenter.db.database - INFO - open() database: path=None use_axi=True use_agent=True 2012-08-14 15:29:09,407 - softwarecenter.ui.gtk3.app - INFO - building local database 2012-08-14 15:29:09,408 - softwarecenter.db.pkginfo_impl.aptcache - INFO - aptcache.open() 2012-08-14 15:29:17,308 - softwarecenter.db.update - WARNING - Problem creating rebuild path '/var/cache/software-center/xapian_rb'. 2012-08-14 15:29:17,309 - softwarecenter.db.update - WARNING - Please check you have the relevant permissions. 2012-08-14 15:29:17,309 - softwarecenter.db.database - INFO - open() database: path=None use_axi=True use_agent=True 2012-08-14 15:29:18,039 - softwarecenter.backend.reviews - WARNING - Could not get usefulness from server, no username in config file 2012-08-14 15:29:18,431 - softwarecenter.ui.gtk3.app - INFO - show_available_packages: search_text is '', app is None. 2012-08-14 15:29:19,153 - softwarecenter.db.pkginfo_impl.aptcache - INFO - aptcache.open() Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/software-center", line 176, in <module> app.run(args) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/app.py", line 1422, in run self.show_available_packages(args) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/app.py", line 1352, in show_available_packages self.view_manager.set_active_view(ViewPages.AVAILABLE) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/session/viewmanager.py", line 154, in set_active_view view_widget.init_view() File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/panes/availablepane.py", line 136, in init_view SoftwarePane.init_view(self) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/panes/softwarepane.py", line 215, in init_view self.icons, self.show_ratings) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/views/appview.py", line 69, in __init__ self.helper = AppPropertiesHelper(db, cache, icons) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/models/appstore2.py", line 109, in __init__ softwarecenter.paths.APP_INSTALL_PATH) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/categories.py", line 255, in parse_applications_menu category = self._parse_menu_tag(child) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/categories.py", line 444, in _parse_menu_tag query = self._parse_include_tag(element) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/categories.py", line 402, in _parse_include_tag xapian.Query.OP_AND) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/categories.py", line 341, in _parse_and_or_not_tag operator_elem, xapian.Query(), xapian.Query.OP_OR) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/categories.py", line 385, in _parse_and_or_not_tag q = self.db.xapian_parser.parse_query(s, File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/database.py", line 174, in xapian_parser xapian_parser = self._get_new_xapian_parser() File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/database.py", line 200, in _get_new_xapian_parser xapian_parser.set_database(self.xapiandb) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/database.py", line 166, in xapiandb self._db_per_thread[thread_name] = self._get_new_xapiandb() File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/database.py", line 179, in _get_new_xapiandb xapiandb = xapian.Database(self._db_pathname) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/xapian/__init__.py", line 3666, in __init__ _xapian.Database_swiginit(self,_xapian.new_Database(*args)) xapian.DatabaseOpeningError: Couldn't detect type of database I'm not sure how to fix the errors, and I couldn't find a topic on them anywhere. Be nice, because I am a two-day old Linux user :/ Tell me if you need my Sources list

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• Unable to run Ubuntu Software center in 12.04

  - by Noye

  I think I've tried everything found. It is on just for a second. I can't even send an error report. What should I do? thanks in advance. so this is what I get after typing software-center in terminal (sorry, not as a code): 2012-06-16 22:54:17,610 - softwarecenter.ui.gtk3.app - INFO - setting up proxy 'None' 2012-06-16 22:54:17,617 - softwarecenter.db.database - INFO - open() database: path=None use_axi=True use_agent=True 2012-06-16 22:54:18,142 - softwarecenter.backend.reviews - WARNING - Could not get usefulness from server, no username in config file 2012-06-16 22:54:18,697 - softwarecenter.db.pkginfo_impl.aptcache - INFO - aptcache.open() Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/pkginfo_impl/aptcache.py", line 243, in open self._cache = apt.Cache(GtkMainIterationProgress()) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apt/cache.py", line 102, in __init__ self.open(progress) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apt/cache.py", line 149, in open self._list.read_main_list() SystemError: E:Typ „ain“ je neznámy na riadku 2 v zozname zdrojov /etc/apt/sources.list.d/yannubuntu-boot-repair-precise.list 2012-06-16 22:54:21,916 - softwarecenter.db.enquire - ERROR - _get_estimate_nr_apps_and_nr_pkgs failed Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/enquire.py", line 115, in _get_estimate_nr_apps_and_nr_pkgs tmp_matches = enquire.get_mset(0, len(self.db), None, xfilter) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/appfilter.py", line 89, in __call__ if (not pkgname in self.cache and File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/pkginfo_impl/aptcache.py", line 263, in __contains__ return self._cache.__contains__(k) AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute '__contains__' Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/software-center", line 176, in app.run(args) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/app.py", line 1358, in run self.show_available_packages(args) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/app.py", line 1288, in show_available_packages self.view_manager.set_active_view(ViewPages.AVAILABLE) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/session/viewmanager.py", line 149, in set_active_view view_widget.init_view() File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/panes/availablepane.py", line 168, in init_view self.apps_filter) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/views/catview_gtk.py", line 240, in __init__ self.build(desktopdir) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/views/catview_gtk.py", line 491, in build self._build_homepage_view() File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/views/catview_gtk.py", line 266, in _build_homepage_view self._append_whats_new() File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/views/catview_gtk.py", line 430, in _append_whats_new whats_new_cat = self._update_whats_new_content() File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/views/catview_gtk.py", line 419, in _update_whats_new_content docs = whats_new_cat.get_documents(self.db) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/categories.py", line 124, in get_documents nonblocking_load=False) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/enquire.py", line 317, in set_query self._blocking_perform_search() File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/enquire.py", line 212, in _blocking_perform_search matches = enquire.get_mset(0, self.limit, None, xfilter) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/appfilter.py", line 89, in __call__ if (not pkgname in self.cache and File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/pkginfo_impl/aptcache.py", line 263, in __contains__ return self._cache.__contains__(k) AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute '__contains__'

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• Passthrough Objects – Duck Typing++

  - by EltonStoneman

  [Source: http://geekswithblogs.net/EltonStoneman] Can't see a genuine use for this, but I got the idea in my head and wanted to work it through. It's an extension to the idea of duck typing, for scenarios where types have similar behaviour, but implemented in differently-named members. So you may have a set of objects you want to treat as an interface, which don't implement the interface explicitly, and don't have the same member names so they can't be duck-typed into implicitly implementing the interface. In a fictitious example, I want to call Get on whichever ICache implementation is current, and have the call passed through to the relevant method – whether it's called Read, Retrieve or whatever: A sample implementation is up on github here: PassthroughSample. This uses Castle's DynamicProxy behind the scenes in the same way as my duck typing sample, but allows you to configure the passthrough to specify how the inner (implementation) and outer (interface) members are mapped:       var setup = new Passthrough();     var cache = setup.Create("PassthroughSample.Tests.Stubs.AspNetCache, PassthroughSample.Tests")                             .WithPassthrough("Name", "CacheName")                             .WithPassthrough("Get", "Retrieve")                             .WithPassthrough("Set", "Insert")                             .As<ICache>(); - or using some ugly Lambdas to avoid the strings :     Expression<Func<ICache, string, object>> get = (o, s) => o.Get(s);     Expression<Func<Memcached, string, object>> read = (i, s) => i.Read(s);     Expression<Action<ICache, string, object>> set = (o, s, obj) => o.Set(s, obj);     Expression<Action<Memcached, string, object>> insert = (i, s, obj) => i.Put(s, obj);       ICache cache = new Passthrough<ICache, Memcached>()                     .Create()                     .WithPassthrough(o => o.Name, i => i.InstanceName)                     .WithPassthrough(get, read)                     .WithPassthrough(set, insert)                     .As();   - or even in config:   ICache cache = Passthrough.GetConfigured<ICache>(); ...  <passthrough>     <types>       <typename="PassthroughSample.Tests.Stubs.ICache, PassthroughSample.Tests"             passesThroughTo="PassthroughSample.Tests.Stubs.AppFabricCache, PassthroughSample.Tests">         <members>           <membername="Name"passesThroughTo="RegionName"/>           <membername="Get"passesThroughTo="Out"/>           <membername="Set"passesThroughTo="In"/>         </members>       </type>   Possibly useful for injecting stubs for dependencies in tests, when your application code isn't using an IoC container. Possibly it also has an alternative implementation using .NET 4.0 dynamic objects, rather than the dynamic proxy.

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• Silverlight Cream for March 11, 2010 -- #812

  - by Dave Campbell

  In this Issue: Walter Ferrari, Viktor Larsson, Bill Reiss(-2-, -3-, -4-), Jonathan van de Veen, Walt Ritscher, Jobi Joy, Pete Brown, Mike Taulty, and Mark Miller. Shoutouts: Going to MIX10? John Papa announced Got Questions? Ask the Experts at MIX10 Pete Brown listed The Essential WPF/Silverlight/XNA Developer and Designer Toolbox From SilverlightCream.com: How to extend Bing Maps Silverlight with an elevation profile graph - Part 2 In this second and final tutorial, Walter Ferrari adds elevation to his previous BingMaps post. I'm glad someone else worked this out for me :) Navigating AWAY from your Silverlight page Viktor Larsson has a post up on how to navigate to something other than your Silverlight page like maybe a mailto ... SilverSprite: Not just for XNA games any more Bill Reiss has a new version of SilverSprite up on CodePlex and if you're planning on doing any game development, you should check this out for sure Space Rocks game step 1: The game loop Bill Reiss has a tutorial series on Game development that he's beginning ... looks like a good thing to jump in on and play along. This first one is all about the game loop. Space Rocks game step 2: Sprites (part 1) In Part 2, Bill Reiss begins a series on Sprites in game development and positioning it. Space Rocks game step 3: Sprites (part 2) Bill Reiss's Part 3 is a follow-on tutorial on Sprites and moving according to velocity... fun stuff :) Adventures while building a Silverlight Enterprise application part No. 32 Jonathan van de Veen is discussing debugging and the evil you can get yourself wrapped up in... his scenario is definitely one to remember. Streaming Silverlight media from a Dropbox.com account Read the comments and the agreements, but I think Walt Ritscher's idea of using DropBox to serve up Streaming media is pretty cool! UniformGrid for Silverlight Jobi Joy wanted a UniformGrid like he's familiar with in WPF. Not finding one in the SDK or Toolkit, he converted the WPF one to Silverlight .. all good for you and me :) How to Get Started in WPF or Silverlight: A Learning Path for New Developers Pete Brown has a nice post up describing resources, tutorials, blogs, and books for devs just getting into Silveright or WPF, and thanks for the shoutout, Pete! Silverlight 4, MEF and the DeploymentCatalog ( again :-) ) Mike Taulty is revisiting the DeploymentCatalog to wrap it up in a class like he did the PackageCatalog previously MVVM with Prism 101 – Part 6b: Wrapping IClientChannel Mark Miller is back with a Part 6b on MVVM with Prism, and is answering some questions from the previous post and states his case against the client service proxy. Stay in the 'Light! Twitter SilverlightNews | Twitter WynApse | WynApse.com | Tagged Posts | SilverlightCream Join me @ SilverlightCream | Phoenix Silverlight User Group Technorati Tags: Silverlight    Silverlight 3    Silverlight 4    MIX10

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• Ubuntu software center not opening [closed]

  - by I'll sudeepdino008

  Ubuntu software center is not opening, when I type: software-center in the command line, the following errors are generated: (software-center:8570): Gtk-WARNING **: Theme parsing error: gtk.css:227:31: Failed to import: Error opening file: No such file or directory 2012-09-30 17:00:58,068 - softwarecenter.ui.gtk3.app - INFO - setting up proxy 'http://10.3.100.212:8080/' 2012-09-30 17:00:58,071 - softwarecenter.db.database - INFO - open() database: path=None use_axi=True use_agent=True 2012-09-30 17:00:58,327 - softwarecenter.backend.reviews - WARNING - Could not get usefulness from server, no username in config file 2012-09-30 17:00:58,428 - softwarecenter.ui.gtk3.app - INFO - show_available_packages: search_text is '', app is None. 2012-09-30 17:00:58,433 - softwarecenter.db.pkginfo_impl.aptcache - INFO - aptcache.open() Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/pkginfo_impl/aptcache.py", line 243, in open self._cache = apt.Cache(GtkMainIterationProgress()) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apt/cache.py", line 102, in __init__ self.open(progress) File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/apt/cache.py", line 145, in open self._cache = apt_pkg.Cache(progress) SystemError: E:Encountered a section with no Package: header, E:Problem with MergeList /var/lib/apt/lists/ppa.launchpad.net_webupd8team_themes_ubuntu_dists_precise_main_binary-i386_Packages, E:The package lists or status file could not be parsed or opened. 2012-09-30 17:01:00,130 - softwarecenter.db.enquire - ERROR - _get_estimate_nr_apps_and_nr_pkgs failed Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/enquire.py", line 115, in _get_estimate_nr_apps_and_nr_pkgs tmp_matches = enquire.get_mset(0, len(self.db), None, xfilter) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/appfilter.py", line 89, in __call__ if (not pkgname in self.cache and File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/pkginfo_impl/aptcache.py", line 263, in __contains__ return self._cache.__contains__(k) AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute '__contains__' Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/software-center", line 176, in <module> app.run(args) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/app.py", line 1422, in run self.show_available_packages(args) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/app.py", line 1352, in show_available_packages self.view_manager.set_active_view(ViewPages.AVAILABLE) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/session/viewmanager.py", line 154, in set_active_view view_widget.init_view() File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/panes/availablepane.py", line 171, in init_view self.apps_filter) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/views/catview_gtk.py", line 238, in __init__ self.build(desktopdir) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/views/catview_gtk.py", line 511, in build self._build_homepage_view() File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/views/catview_gtk.py", line 271, in _build_homepage_view self._append_whats_new() File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/views/catview_gtk.py", line 450, in _append_whats_new whats_new_cat = self._update_whats_new_content() File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/ui/gtk3/views/catview_gtk.py", line 439, in _update_whats_new_content docs = whats_new_cat.get_documents(self.db) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/categories.py", line 124, in get_documents nonblocking_load=False) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/enquire.py", line 317, in set_query self._blocking_perform_search() File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/enquire.py", line 212, in _blocking_perform_search matches = enquire.get_mset(0, self.limit, None, xfilter) File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/appfilter.py", line 89, in __call__ if (not pkgname in self.cache and File "/usr/share/software-center/softwarecenter/db/pkginfo_impl/aptcache.py", line 263, in __contains__ return self._cache.__contains__(k) AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute '__contains__'

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