private cloud - Page 222

DB12c ??????

- by katsumii

????????? Oracle Database 12c ??????????????????OTN???????????????????????????12c?????????????????????Oracle Database 12c???????????????????????????????????????????????Oracle Multitenant??????????????????????????????????????IT??????????????? - Oracle Database Application Development???????????????????????????????????? - ????·????????????·?????????·??????????????????????????·??????????Database Cloud????????????????????·?????????????????????????????·?????????????????

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Java???????·????????Java EE????JAX-RS 2.0??????Java Developers Workshop 2012 Summer????

- by ???02

???Java??????????????????1?????“GlassFish Guy”??????????????·????????????·????????????8???????Java Developers Workshop 2012 Summer???????????????Java EE????2??????????????????????????????????(???) Java EE??????“????·?????”????? ??????·?????????Java????????????·???? Java??????????????????????????????Java??????????Java????????·????????????????????????????????Java????????Java EE 7?JAX-RS?????????????????? 1?????????Java EE 7 and HTML5: Developing for the Cloud????????Java EE??????????????·?????????????????????????????????? Java EE?????????2009?10?????????Java EE 6??????????????????????????4,000????????????????17?????????·????Java EE 6??????????????Java EE 6?????????????????????Java EE 6??????10??????? ?????????????????WAR???????????EJB??? ????Java EE???EJB????·???????????????????????????·???????(DD)?????????????????????Java EE 6????????????EJB?“?????”?????????POJO????????????????EJB????????????????????POJO?WAR??????????????????????DD???????????????????????????????????????(????) ??1??????????????????CDI(Context Dependency Injection)????DI????Java EE 5??????????????????????????????????Java EE 6?CDI???????????·?????????????DI???????????????????Spring Framework??????????????????????????Java EE???DI??????????????????????? ????????????Java EE????????????????????????????Amazon Web Services?Windows Azure????IaaS?Google App Engine????PaaS?Salesforce.com????SaaS?????????????????????·?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????Java EE???????????????????????????????Java EE?????????????????·????????????Java EE??????????????????????????????????????????·?????????????? ??????????????????Java EE 7??????????????Java EE 8??????·??????????????????????????HTML5??3???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????Java EE???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?????Cloud Application Service(??)??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???HTML5??????“Web??????·??????”????JSON?WebSockets??????????????Java EE???????????????Web????????????????????????WebSocket???????????????????????·?????????????WebSocket?????Java EE????????????????????????????? ???Java EE 7????????API????????????????????? ??????????????????·?????????????????????·????????????????????????????5??API??Java EE 7??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????(????)???? Java EE 7?????????????????API????????????????????????????2013??2??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????Web???(http://javaee-spec.java.net/)???????????????????????????????? ??????????Project Avatar???????????Project Avatar??????????Java????????????????????????????Java????????????HTML5???????????????????????????HTML?Java???????????????????????Java EE???????????????????????????????? JAX-RS 2.0?Java??????????????????? ???????2?????????JAX-RS 2.0: RESTful Java on Steroids???Java????RESTful?????????????API???JAX-RS?????Java EE 7???????JAX-RS 2.0???????????????????????????????? ?????????“RESTful”???????????????????? ????????????????????????????? ?????????????? ???????????????? ??????????????(??)??? ????????????????????(?????????????????) ????Java EE????????API?????????????JAX-RS 1.0??JAX-RS 1.0???POJO????API???HTTP??????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????????JAX-RS 2.0???????????8??????????/???????????? ?Client API ?Client-side and Server-side Asynchronous ?Filters and Interceptors ?Improved Connection Negotiation ?Validation ?Hypermedia ?Alignment with JSR 330 ?Model-View-Controller JAX-RS 2.0??????????????·????????????????????Model-View-Controller?????????????????????Model-View-Controller?????????JSF????MVC???????????????JAX-RS???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???Client API???????????????HTTP??????·????????????????????????API???????????????JAX-RS 2.0?Client API???JAX-RS?????API??????????????Java EE?????????????REST??????????????????? ?Filters&Interceptors????????????????????????JAX-RS??????????????????JAX-RS 1.0???????????JAX-RS 2.0??????????????????????? ?Asynchronus??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ?Connect Negotiation???Validation???????????????????????Validation????????????????Bean Validation?????JAX-RS?????????????????????????? ?Hypermedia???????????????????Web???????????????????HATEOAS(Hypermedia As The Engine Of App State)?????JAX-RS????????????????????????????????Asynchronus???????????????????????????? JAX-RS 2.0???????????JSR 330:Dependency Injection for Java???????????????????Client API??????????????????????????????????????JAX-RS 2.0??????????????????????Web???????????·??????????(http://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=339)????????????????????????????????????????

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???????/???Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c ?????

- by user788995

????? ??:2012/01/23 ??:??????/?? Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 12c ?????????????????????????????????? Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????? ????????? ????????????????? http://otndnld.oracle.co.jp/ondemand/otn-seminar/movie/1_Overview_120105.wmv http://otndnld.oracle.co.jp/ondemand/otn-seminar/movie/mp4/1_Overview_120105.mp4 http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/jp/ondemand/db-new/overview-120105-1484742-ja.pdf

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Couldn't drop privileges: User is missing UID (see mail_uid setting)

- by drecute

I'm hoping I can use some help. I'm configuring dovecot_ldap, but I can't seem to be able to get dovecot to authenticate the ldap user. Below is my config and log info: hosts = 192.168.128.45:3268 dn = cn=Administrator,cn=Users,dc=company,dc=example,dc=com dnpass = "passwd" auth_bind = yes ldap_version = 3 base = dc=company, dc=example, dc=com user_attrs = sAMAccountName=home=/var/vmail/example.com/%$,uid=1001,gid=1001 user_filter = (&(sAMAccountName=%Ln)) pass_filter = (&(ObjectClass=person)(sAMAccountName=%u)) dovecot.conf # 2.0.19: /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf # OS: Linux 3.2.0-33-generic x86_64 Ubuntu 12.04 LTS auth_mechanisms = plain login auth_realms = example.com auth_verbose = yes disable_plaintext_auth = no mail_access_groups = mail mail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%u mail_privileged_group = mail passdb { driver = pam } passdb { driver = passwd } passdb { args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-ldap.conf.ext driver = ldap } passdb { args = scheme=CRYPT username_format=%u /etc/dovecot/users driver = passwd-file } protocols = " imap pop3" service auth { unix_listener /var/spool/postfix/private/auth { group = postfix mode = 0660 user = postfix } } service imap-login { inet_listener imap { port = 143 } inet_listener imaps { port = 993 ssl = yes } } ssl_cert = </etc/ssl/certs/dovecot.pem ssl_key = </etc/ssl/private/dovecot.pem userdb { driver = passwd } userdb { args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-ldap.conf.ext driver = ldap } userdb { args = username_format=%u /etc/dovecot/users driver = passwd-file } protocol imap { imap_client_workarounds = tb-extra-mailbox-sep imap_logout_format = bytes=%i/%o mail_plugins = } mail.log Nov 29 10:51:44 mail dovecot: auth-worker: pam(charyorde,10.10.1.28): pam_authenticate() failed: Authentication failure (password mismatch?) Nov 29 10:51:44 mail dovecot: auth-worker: passwd(charyorde,10.10.1.28): unknown user Nov 29 10:51:44 mail dovecot: auth: passwd(charyorde,10.10.1.28): unknown user Nov 29 10:51:44 mail dovecot: imap-login: Login: user=<charyorde>, method=PLAIN, rip=10.10.1.28, lip=10.10.1.30, mpid=1892, TLS Nov 29 10:51:44 mail dovecot: imap(charyorde): Error: user charyorde: Couldn't drop privileges: User is missing UID (see mail_uid setting) Nov 29 10:51:44 mail dovecot: imap(charyorde): Error: Internal error occurred. Refer to server log for more information. Nov 29 10:51:46 mail dovecot: auth-worker: pam(charyorde,10.10.1.28): pam_authenticate() failed: Authentication failure (password mismatch?) Nov 29 10:51:46 mail dovecot: auth-worker: passwd(charyorde,10.10.1.28): unknown user Nov 29 10:51:46 mail dovecot: auth: passwd(charyorde,10.10.1.28): unknown user Nov 29 10:51:46 mail dovecot: imap-login: Login: user=<charyorde>, method=PLAIN, rip=10.10.1.28, lip=10.10.1.30, mpid=1894, TLS Nov 29 10:51:46 mail dovecot: imap(charyorde): Error: user charyorde: Couldn't drop privileges: User is missing UID (see mail_uid setting) Nov 29 10:51:46 mail dovecot: imap(charyorde): Error: Internal error occurred. Refer to server log for more information. Nov 29 10:51:48 mail dovecot: auth-worker: pam([email protected],10.10.1.28): pam_authenticate() failed: Authentication failure (password mismatch?) Nov 29 10:51:48 mail dovecot: auth-worker: passwd([email protected],10.10.1.28): unknown user Nov 29 10:51:48 mail dovecot: auth: ldap([email protected],10.10.1.28): unknown user Nov 29 10:51:48 mail dovecot: auth: passwd-file([email protected],10.10.1.28): unknown user Nov 29 10:51:54 mail postfix/smtpd[1880]: idle timeout -- exiting Nov 29 10:51:54 mail postfix/smtpd[1879]: idle timeout -- exiting Nov 29 10:51:54 mail postfix/smtpd[1886]: proxymap stream disconnect Nov 29 10:51:54 mail postfix/smtpd[1887]: proxymap stream disconnect Nov 29 10:51:54 mail postfix/smtpd[1886]: auto_clnt_close: disconnect private/tlsmgr stream Nov 29 10:51:54 mail postfix/smtpd[1887]: auto_clnt_close: disconnect private/tlsmgr stream Nov 29 10:51:54 mail postfix/smtpd[1887]: idle timeout -- exiting Nov 29 10:51:54 mail postfix/smtpd[1886]: idle timeout -- exiting Nov 29 10:51:56 mail dovecot: auth-worker: pam([email protected],10.10.1.28): pam_authenticate() failed: Authentication failure (password mismatch?) Nov 29 10:51:56 mail dovecot: auth-worker: passwd([email protected],10.10.1.28): unknown user Nov 29 10:51:56 mail dovecot: auth: ldap([email protected],10.10.1.28): unknown user Nov 29 10:51:56 mail dovecot: auth: passwd-file([email protected],10.10.1.28): unknown user Nov 29 10:52:04 mail dovecot: auth-worker: pam([email protected],10.10.1.28): pam_authenticate() failed: Authentication failure (password mismatch?) Nov 29 10:52:04 mail dovecot: auth-worker: passwd([email protected],10.10.1.28): unknown user Nov 29 10:52:04 mail dovecot: auth: ldap([email protected],10.10.1.28): unknown user Nov 29 10:52:04 mail dovecot: auth: passwd-file([email protected],10.10.1.28): unknown user Nov 29 10:52:06 mail dovecot: imap-login: Disconnected (auth failed, 3 attempts): user=<[email protected]>, method=PLAIN, rip=10.10.1.28, lip=10.10.1.30, TLS Thank you for looking into this.

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Can't send mail from Windows Phone (Postfix server)

- by Dominic Williams

Some background: I have a Dovecot/Postfix setup to handle email for a few domains. We have imap and smtp setup on various devices (Macs, iPhones, PCs, etc) and it works no problem. I've recently bought a Windows Phone and I'm trying to setup the mail account on there. I've got the imap part working great but for some reason it won't send mail. mail.log with debug_peer_list I've put this on pastebin because its quite long: http://pastebin.com/KdvMDxTL dovecot.log with verbose_ssl Apr 14 22:43:50 imap-login: Warning: SSL: where=0x10, ret=1: before/accept initialization [109.151.23.129] Apr 14 22:43:50 imap-login: Warning: SSL: where=0x2001, ret=1: before/accept initialization [109.151.23.129] Apr 14 22:43:50 imap-login: Warning: SSL: where=0x2001, ret=1: SSLv3 read client hello A [109.151.23.129] Apr 14 22:43:50 imap-login: Warning: SSL: where=0x2001, ret=1: SSLv3 write server hello A [109.151.23.129] Apr 14 22:43:50 imap-login: Warning: SSL: where=0x2001, ret=1: SSLv3 write certificate A [109.151.23.129] Apr 14 22:43:50 imap-login: Warning: SSL: where=0x2001, ret=1: SSLv3 write server done A [109.151.23.129] Apr 14 22:43:50 imap-login: Warning: SSL: where=0x2001, ret=1: SSLv3 flush data [109.151.23.129] Apr 14 22:43:50 imap-login: Warning: SSL: where=0x2002, ret=-1: SSLv3 read client certificate A [109.151.23.129] Apr 14 22:43:50 imap-login: Warning: SSL: where=0x2002, ret=-1: SSLv3 read client certificate A [109.151.23.129] Apr 14 22:43:50 imap-login: Warning: SSL: where=0x2001, ret=1: SSLv3 read client key exchange A [109.151.23.129] Apr 14 22:43:50 imap-login: Warning: SSL: where=0x2001, ret=1: SSLv3 read finished A [109.151.23.129] Apr 14 22:43:50 imap-login: Warning: SSL: where=0x2001, ret=1: SSLv3 write change cipher spec A [109.151.23.129] Apr 14 22:43:50 imap-login: Warning: SSL: where=0x2001, ret=1: SSLv3 write finished A [109.151.23.129] Apr 14 22:43:50 imap-login: Warning: SSL: where=0x2001, ret=1: SSLv3 flush data [109.151.23.129] Apr 14 22:43:50 imap-login: Warning: SSL: where=0x20, ret=1: SSL negotiation finished successfully [109.151.23.129] Apr 14 22:43:50 imap-login: Warning: SSL: where=0x2002, ret=1: SSL negotiation finished successfully [109.151.23.129] Apr 14 22:43:51 imap-login: Info: Login: user=<pixelfolio>, method=PLAIN, rip=109.151.23.129, lip=94.23.254.175, mpid=24390, TLS Apr 14 22:43:53 imap(pixelfolio): Info: Disconnected: Logged out bytes=9/331 Apr 14 22:43:53 imap-login: Warning: SSL alert: where=0x4008, ret=256: warning close notify [109.151.23.129] postconf -n alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases append_dot_mydomain = no biff = no broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes config_directory = /etc/postfix debug_peer_list = 109.151.23.129 inet_interfaces = all mailbox_command = procmail -a "$EXTENSION" mailbox_size_limit = 0 message_size_limit = 50240000 milter_default_action = accept milter_protocol = 2 mydestination = ks383809.kimsufi.com, localhost.kimsufi.com, localhost myhostname = ks383809.kimsufi.com mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 myorigin = /etc/mailname non_smtpd_milters = inet:127.0.0.1:8891,inet:localhost:8892 readme_directory = no recipient_delimiter = + smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu) smtpd_milters = inet:127.0.0.1:8891,inet:localhost:8892 smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks permit_sasl_authenticated reject_unauth_destination smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtpd_use_tls = yes virtual_alias_domains = domz.co.uk ruck.in vjgary.co.uk scriptees.co.uk pixelfolio.co.uk filmtees.co.uk nbsbar.co.uk virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/alias_maps doveconf -n # 2.0.13: /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf # OS: Linux 2.6.38.2-grsec-xxxx-grs-ipv6-64 x86_64 Ubuntu 11.10 auth_mechanisms = plain login log_path = /var/log/dovecot.log mail_location = mbox:~/mail/:INBOX=/var/mail/%u passdb { driver = pam } protocols = imap service auth { unix_listener /var/spool/postfix/private/auth { group = postfix mode = 0660 user = postfix } } ssl_cert = </etc/ssl/certs/dovecot.pem ssl_key = </etc/ssl/private/dovecot.pem userdb { driver = passwd } verbose_ssl = yes Any suggestions or help greatly appreciated. I've been pulling my hair out with this for hours! EDIT This seems to be my exact problem, but I already have broken_sasl set to yes and the 'login' auth mechanism added? http://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic-t-898610-start-0.html

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Launchd item no longer firing in Snow Leopard

- by ridogi

A launchd item that was working in 10.5 is no longer working after my upgrade to 10.6. I am running 10.6.2 and I have recreated the launchd item and given it a new name and that one doesn't run either. I have found a link of people with the same problem on google groups but none of the advice in that link helps. My launchd item is not listed in /private/var/db/launchd.db/com.apple.launchd/overrides.plist or in any of the overrides.plist files in the subdirectories of /private/var/db/launchd.db/ I have also tried to set this up as both a user agent and a user daemon. My launchd item simply runs a shell script, which I have no problem launching manually. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> <plist version="1.0"> <dict> <key>Label</key> <string>com.eric.tmnotify.launchd</string> <key>ProgramArguments</key> <array> <string>/<path_to>/tmnotify.sh</string> </array> <key>StartInterval</key> <integer>3600</integer> </dict> </plist> I have tried to load it by overriding the disabled key (even though it is not disabled in any of the overrides.plist files) with both: sudo launchctl load -F /Users/eric/Library/LaunchAgents/com.eric.tmnotify.launchd.plist sudo launchctl load -w /Users/eric/Library/LaunchAgents/com.eric.tmnotify.launchd.plist and after running either of them I can see that it is running by using sudo launchctl list but the shell script never fires. Edit: I have also put this in the formerly blank file at /private/var/db/launchd.db/com.apple.launchd.peruser.501/overrides.plist : <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd"> <plist version="1.0"> <dict> <key>com.eric.tmnotify.launchd</key> <dict> <key>Disabled</key> <false/> </dict> </dict> </plist> I also tried inserting this alphabetically: <key>com.eric.tmnotify.launchd</key> <dict> <key>Disabled</key> <false/> </dict> into the file /private/var/db/launchd.db/com.apple.launchd/overrides.plist but still no dice.

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OIM 11g : Multi-thread approach for writing custom scheduled job

- by Saravanan V S

In this post I have shared my experience of designing and developing an OIM schedule job that uses multi threaded approach for updating data in OIM using APIs. I have used thread pool (in particular fixed thread pool) pattern in developing the OIM schedule job. The thread pooling pattern has noted advantages compared to thread per task approach. I have listed few of the advantage here · Threads are reused · Creation and tear-down cost of thread is reduced · Task execution latency is reduced · Improved performance · Controlled and efficient management of memory and resources used by threads More about java thread pool http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/essential/concurrency/pools.html The following diagram depicts the high-level architectural diagram of the schedule job that process input from a flat file to update OIM process form data using fixed thread pool approach The custom scheduled job shared in this post is developed to meet following requirement 1) Need to process a CSV extract that contains identity, account identifying key and list of data to be updated on an existing OIM resource account. 2) CSV file can contain data for multiple resources configured in OIM 3) List of attribute to update and mapping between CSV column to OIM fields may vary between resources The following are three Java class developed for this requirement (I have given only prototype of the code that explains how to use thread pools in schedule task) CustomScheduler.java - Implementation of TaskSupport class that reads and passes the parameters configured on the schedule job to Thread Executor class. package com.oracle.oim.scheduler; import java.util.HashMap; import com.oracle.oim.bo.MultiThreadDataRecon; import oracle.iam.scheduler.vo.TaskSupport; public class CustomScheduler extends TaskSupport { public void execute(HashMap options) throws Exception { /* Read Schedule Job Parameters */ String param1 = (String) options.get(“Parameter1”); . int noOfThread = (int) options.get(“No of Threads”); . String paramn = (int) options.get(“ParamterN”); /* Provide all the required input configured on schedule job to Thread Pool Executor implementation class like 1) Name of the file, 2) Delimiter 3) Header Row Numer 4) Line Escape character 5) Config and resource map lookup 6) No the thread to create */ new MultiThreadDataRecon(all_required_parameters, noOfThreads).reconcile(); } public HashMap getAttributes() { return null; } public void setAttributes() { } } MultiThreadDataRecon.java – Helper class that reads data from input file, initialize the thread executor and builds the task queue. package com.oracle.oim.bo; import <required file IO classes>; import <required java.util classes>; import <required OIM API classes>; import <csv reader api>; public class MultiThreadDataRecon { private int noOfThreads; private ExecutorService threadExecutor = null; public MetaDataRecon(<required params>, int noOfThreads) { //Store parameters locally . . this.noOfThread = noOfThread; } /** * Initialize */ private void init() throws Exception { try { // Initialize CSV file reader API objects // Initialize OIM API objects /* Initialize Fixed Thread Pool Executor class if no of threads configured is more than 1 */ if (noOfThreads > 1) { threadExecutor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(noOfThreads); } else { threadExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(); } /* Initialize TaskProcess clas s which will be executing task from the Queue */ TaskProcessor.initializeConfig(params); } catch (***Exception e) { // TO DO } } /** * Method to reconcile data from CSV to OIM */ public void reconcile() throws Exception { try { init(); while(<csv file has line>){ processRow(line); } /* Initiate thread shutdown */ threadExecutor.shutdown(); while (!threadExecutor.isTerminated()) { // Wait for all task to complete. } } catch (Exception e) { // TO DO } finally { try { //Close all the file handles } catch (IOException e) { //TO DO } } } /** * Method to process */ private void processRow(String row) { // Create task processor instance with the row data // Following code push the task to work queue and wait for next available thread to execute threadExecutor.execute(new TaskProcessor(rowData)); } } TaskProcessor.java – Implementation of “Runnable” interface that executes the required business logic to update data in OIM. package com.oracle.oim.bo; import <required APIs> class TaskProcessor implements Runnable { //Initialize required member variables /** * Constructor */ public TaskProcessor(<row data>) { // Initialize and parse csv row } /* * Method to initialize required object for task execution */ public static void initializeConfig(<params>) { // Process param and initialize the required configs and object } /* * (non-Javadoc) * * @see java.lang.Runnable#run() */ public void run() { if (<is csv data valid>){ processData(); } } /** * Process the the received CSV input */ private void processData() { try{ //Find the user in OIM using the identity matching key value from CSV // Find the account to be update from user’s account based on account identifying key on CSV // Update the account with data from CSV }catch(***Exception e){ //TO DO } } }

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Loosely coupled .NET Cache Provider using Dependency Injection

- by Rhames

I have recently been reading the excellent book “Dependency Injection in .NET”, written by Mark Seemann. I do not generally buy software development related books, as I never seem to have the time to read them, but I have found the time to read Mark’s book, and it was time well spent I think. Reading the ideas around Dependency Injection made me realise that the Cache Provider code I wrote about earlier (see http://geekswithblogs.net/Rhames/archive/2011/01/10/using-the-asp.net-cache-to-cache-data-in-a-model.aspx) could be refactored to use Dependency Injection, which should produce cleaner code. The goals are to: Separate the cache provider implementation (using the ASP.NET data cache) from the consumers (loose coupling). This will also mean that the dependency on System.Web for the cache provider does not ripple down into the layers where it is being consumed (such as the domain layer). Provide a decorator pattern to allow a consumer of the cache provider to be implemented separately from the base consumer (i.e. if we have a base repository, we can decorate this with a caching version). Although I used the term repository, in reality the cache consumer could be just about anything. Use constructor injection to provide the Dependency Injection, with a suitable DI container (I use Castle Windsor). The sample code for this post is available on github, https://github.com/RobinHames/CacheProvider.git ICacheProvider In the sample code, the key interface is ICacheProvider, which is in the domain layer. 1: using System; 2: using System.Collections.Generic; 3: 4: namespace CacheDiSample.Domain 5: { 6: public interface ICacheProvider<T> 7: { 8: T Fetch(string key, Func<T> retrieveData, DateTime? absoluteExpiry, TimeSpan? relativeExpiry); 9: IEnumerable<T> Fetch(string key, Func<IEnumerable<T>> retrieveData, DateTime? absoluteExpiry, TimeSpan? relativeExpiry); 10: } 11: } This interface contains two methods to retrieve data from the cache, either as a single instance or as an IEnumerable. the second paramerter is of type Func<T>. This is the method used to retrieve data if nothing is found in the cache. The ASP.NET implementation of the ICacheProvider interface needs to live in a project that has a reference to system.web, typically this will be the root UI project, or it could be a separate project. The key thing is that the domain or data access layers do not need system.web references adding to them. In my sample MVC application, the CacheProvider is implemented in the UI project, in a folder called “CacheProviders”: 1: using System; 2: using System.Collections.Generic; 3: using System.Linq; 4: using System.Web; 5: using System.Web.Caching; 6: using CacheDiSample.Domain; 7: 8: namespace CacheDiSample.CacheProvider 9: { 10: public class CacheProvider<T> : ICacheProvider<T> 11: { 12: public T Fetch(string key, Func<T> retrieveData, DateTime? absoluteExpiry, TimeSpan? relativeExpiry) 13: { 14: return FetchAndCache<T>(key, retrieveData, absoluteExpiry, relativeExpiry); 15: } 16: 17: public IEnumerable<T> Fetch(string key, Func<IEnumerable<T>> retrieveData, DateTime? absoluteExpiry, TimeSpan? relativeExpiry) 18: { 19: return FetchAndCache<IEnumerable<T>>(key, retrieveData, absoluteExpiry, relativeExpiry); 20: } 21: 22: #region Helper Methods 23: 24: private U FetchAndCache(string key, Func retrieveData, DateTime? absoluteExpiry, TimeSpan? relativeExpiry) 25: { 26: U value; 27: if (!TryGetValue(key, out value)) 28: { 29: value = retrieveData(); 30: if (!absoluteExpiry.HasValue) 31: absoluteExpiry = Cache.NoAbsoluteExpiration; 32: 33: if (!relativeExpiry.HasValue) 34: relativeExpiry = Cache.NoSlidingExpiration; 35: 36: HttpContext.Current.Cache.Insert(key, value, null, absoluteExpiry.Value, relativeExpiry.Value); 37: } 38: return value; 39: } 40: 41: private bool TryGetValue(string key, out U value) 42: { 43: object cachedValue = HttpContext.Current.Cache.Get(key); 44: if (cachedValue == null) 45: { 46: value = default(U); 47: return false; 48: } 49: else 50: { 51: try 52: { 53: value = (U)cachedValue; 54: return true; 55: } 56: catch 57: { 58: value = default(U); 59: return false; 60: } 61: } 62: } 63: 64: #endregion 65: 66: } 67: } The FetchAndCache helper method checks if the specified cache key exists, if it does not, the Func retrieveData method is called, and the results are added to the cache. Using Castle Windsor to register the cache provider In the MVC UI project (my application root), Castle Windsor is used to register the CacheProvider implementation, using a Windsor Installer: 1: using Castle.MicroKernel.Registration; 2: using Castle.MicroKernel.SubSystems.Configuration; 3: using Castle.Windsor; 4: 5: using CacheDiSample.Domain; 6: using CacheDiSample.CacheProvider; 7: 8: namespace CacheDiSample.WindsorInstallers 9: { 10: public class CacheInstaller : IWindsorInstaller 11: { 12: public void Install(IWindsorContainer container, IConfigurationStore store) 13: { 14: container.Register( 15: Component.For(typeof(ICacheProvider<>)) 16: .ImplementedBy(typeof(CacheProvider<>)) 17: .LifestyleTransient()); 18: } 19: } 20: } Note that the cache provider is registered as a open generic type. Consuming a Repository I have an existing couple of repository interfaces defined in my domain layer: IRepository.cs 1: using System; 2: using System.Collections.Generic; 3: 4: using CacheDiSample.Domain.Model; 5: 6: namespace CacheDiSample.Domain.Repositories 7: { 8: public interface IRepository<T> 9: where T : EntityBase 10: { 11: T GetById(int id); 12: IList<T> GetAll(); 13: } 14: } IBlogRepository.cs 1: using System; 2: using CacheDiSample.Domain.Model; 3: 4: namespace CacheDiSample.Domain.Repositories 5: { 6: public interface IBlogRepository : IRepository<Blog> 7: { 8: Blog GetByName(string name); 9: } 10: } These two repositories are implemented in the DataAccess layer, using Entity Framework to retrieve data (this is not important though). One important point is that in the BaseRepository implementation of IRepository, the methods are virtual. This will allow the decorator to override them. The BlogRepository is registered in a RepositoriesInstaller, again in the MVC UI project. 1: using Castle.MicroKernel.Registration; 2: using Castle.MicroKernel.SubSystems.Configuration; 3: using Castle.Windsor; 4: 5: using CacheDiSample.Domain.CacheDecorators; 6: using CacheDiSample.Domain.Repositories; 7: using CacheDiSample.DataAccess; 8: 9: namespace CacheDiSample.WindsorInstallers 10: { 11: public class RepositoriesInstaller : IWindsorInstaller 12: { 13: public void Install(IWindsorContainer container, IConfigurationStore store) 14: { 15: container.Register(Component.For<IBlogRepository>() 16: .ImplementedBy<BlogRepository>() 17: .LifestyleTransient() 18: .DependsOn(new 19: { 20: nameOrConnectionString = "BloggingContext" 21: })); 22: } 23: } 24: } Now I can inject a dependency on the IBlogRepository into a consumer, such as a controller in my sample code: 1: using System; 2: using System.Collections.Generic; 3: using System.Linq; 4: using System.Web; 5: using System.Web.Mvc; 6: 7: using CacheDiSample.Domain.Repositories; 8: using CacheDiSample.Domain.Model; 9: 10: namespace CacheDiSample.Controllers 11: { 12: public class HomeController : Controller 13: { 14: private readonly IBlogRepository blogRepository; 15: 16: public HomeController(IBlogRepository blogRepository) 17: { 18: if (blogRepository == null) 19: throw new ArgumentNullException("blogRepository"); 20: 21: this.blogRepository = blogRepository; 22: } 23: 24: public ActionResult Index() 25: { 26: ViewBag.Message = "Welcome to ASP.NET MVC!"; 27: 28: var blogs = blogRepository.GetAll(); 29: 30: return View(new Models.HomeModel { Blogs = blogs }); 31: } 32: 33: public ActionResult About() 34: { 35: return View(); 36: } 37: } 38: } Consuming the Cache Provider via a Decorator I used a Decorator pattern to consume the cache provider, this means my repositories follow the open/closed principle, as they do not require any modifications to implement the caching. It also means that my controllers do not have any knowledge of the caching taking place, as the DI container will simply inject the decorator instead of the root implementation of the repository. The first step is to implement a BlogRepository decorator, with the caching logic in it. Note that this can reside in the domain layer, as it does not require any knowledge of the data access methods. BlogRepositoryWithCaching.cs 1: using System; 2: using System.Collections.Generic; 3: using System.Linq; 4: using System.Text; 5: 6: using CacheDiSample.Domain.Model; 7: using CacheDiSample.Domain; 8: using CacheDiSample.Domain.Repositories; 9: 10: namespace CacheDiSample.Domain.CacheDecorators 11: { 12: public class BlogRepositoryWithCaching : IBlogRepository 13: { 14: // The generic cache provider, injected by DI 15: private ICacheProvider<Blog> cacheProvider; 16: // The decorated blog repository, injected by DI 17: private IBlogRepository parentBlogRepository; 18: 19: public BlogRepositoryWithCaching(IBlogRepository parentBlogRepository, ICacheProvider<Blog> cacheProvider) 20: { 21: if (parentBlogRepository == null) 22: throw new ArgumentNullException("parentBlogRepository"); 23: 24: this.parentBlogRepository = parentBlogRepository; 25: 26: if (cacheProvider == null) 27: throw new ArgumentNullException("cacheProvider"); 28: 29: this.cacheProvider = cacheProvider; 30: } 31: 32: public Blog GetByName(string name) 33: { 34: string key = string.Format("CacheDiSample.DataAccess.GetByName.{0}", name); 35: // hard code 5 minute expiry! 36: TimeSpan relativeCacheExpiry = new TimeSpan(0, 5, 0); 37: return cacheProvider.Fetch(key, () => 38: { 39: return parentBlogRepository.GetByName(name); 40: }, 41: null, relativeCacheExpiry); 42: } 43: 44: public Blog GetById(int id) 45: { 46: string key = string.Format("CacheDiSample.DataAccess.GetById.{0}", id); 47: 48: // hard code 5 minute expiry! 49: TimeSpan relativeCacheExpiry = new TimeSpan(0, 5, 0); 50: return cacheProvider.Fetch(key, () => 51: { 52: return parentBlogRepository.GetById(id); 53: }, 54: null, relativeCacheExpiry); 55: } 56: 57: public IList<Blog> GetAll() 58: { 59: string key = string.Format("CacheDiSample.DataAccess.GetAll"); 60: 61: // hard code 5 minute expiry! 62: TimeSpan relativeCacheExpiry = new TimeSpan(0, 5, 0); 63: return cacheProvider.Fetch(key, () => 64: { 65: return parentBlogRepository.GetAll(); 66: }, 67: null, relativeCacheExpiry) 68: .ToList(); 69: } 70: } 71: } The key things in this caching repository are: I inject into the repository the ICacheProvider<Blog> implementation, via the constructor. This will make the cache provider functionality available to the repository. I inject the parent IBlogRepository implementation (which has the actual data access code), via the constructor. This will allow the methods implemented in the parent to be called if nothing is found in the cache. I override each of the methods implemented in the repository, including those implemented in the generic BaseRepository. Each override of these methods follows the same pattern. It makes a call to the CacheProvider.Fetch method, and passes in the parentBlogRepository implementation of the method as the retrieval method, to be used if nothing is present in the cache. Configuring the Caching Repository in the DI Container The final piece of the jigsaw is to tell Castle Windsor to use the BlogRepositoryWithCaching implementation of IBlogRepository, but to inject the actual Data Access implementation into this decorator. This is easily achieved by modifying the RepositoriesInstaller to use Windsor’s implicit decorator wiring: 1: using Castle.MicroKernel.Registration; 2: using Castle.MicroKernel.SubSystems.Configuration; 3: using Castle.Windsor; 4: 5: using CacheDiSample.Domain.CacheDecorators; 6: using CacheDiSample.Domain.Repositories; 7: using CacheDiSample.DataAccess; 8: 9: namespace CacheDiSample.WindsorInstallers 10: { 11: public class RepositoriesInstaller : IWindsorInstaller 12: { 13: public void Install(IWindsorContainer container, IConfigurationStore store) 14: { 15: 16: // Use Castle Windsor implicit wiring for the block repository decorator 17: // Register the outermost decorator first 18: container.Register(Component.For<IBlogRepository>() 19: .ImplementedBy<BlogRepositoryWithCaching>() 20: .LifestyleTransient()); 21: // Next register the IBlogRepository inmplementation to inject into the outer decorator 22: container.Register(Component.For<IBlogRepository>() 23: .ImplementedBy<BlogRepository>() 24: .LifestyleTransient() 25: .DependsOn(new 26: { 27: nameOrConnectionString = "BloggingContext" 28: })); 29: } 30: } 31: } This is all that is needed. Now if the consumer of the repository makes a call to the repositories method, it will be routed via the caching mechanism. You can test this by stepping through the code, and seeing that the DataAccess.BlogRepository code is only called if there is no data in the cache, or this has expired. The next step is to add the SQL Cache Dependency support into this pattern, this will be a future post.

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map subdomain to another subdomain via cname

- by Stephen

Question: I need to get DNS configured to point a subdomain from one domain (which I will generally not be controlling) to another subdomain on a different domain name. Testing this process using a simple CNAME entry keeps pointing to the primary domain and not the subdomain where it should be going. This is the scenario; (newdomain.com is in my control) cdn.xyz.com should display content from this subdomain subdomain.newdomain.com It is instead displaying content from newdomain.com (not the subdomain sub domain) cdn.xyz.com/page.htm displays content from newdomain.com/page.htm although what I need is it to display content from subdomain.newdomain.com/page.htm Other Background: setup is between two different servers with different IP ranges although DNS cluster is on between all servers the newdomain.com is set up with its own unique IP (which is on the A records for the subdomains, the subdomains work as expected/normal) the DNS entry is correct (cdn CNAME subdomain.newdomain.com.) ie the end period is included a DNS lookup on the CNAME externally reports back as subdomain.newdomain.com. as the record Does anyone know what DNS entries I am missing to get this working correctly ? Note: I do not want to just put a redirect between domains as I need the content of subdomain.newdomain.com/content.html to be visible via the URL of cdn.xyz.com/content.html also I can just use some redirects on newdomain.com to achieve what I am after but would prefer to just get the DNS correct. EDIT Current DNS cdn CNAME subdomain.newdomain.com. || CNAME entry for domain1 subdomain A XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX || A record entry for working subdomain pointing to unique IP What should happen is that cdn.domain1.com - subdomain.newdomain.com What is happening is cdn.domain1.com - newdomain.com (ie. the root not the subdomain) EDIT 2 Actually if its easier I am trying to emulate a simple cloud setup like Rackspace Containers (which I assume is similar to Buckets on AWS). although it is not for cloud storage Where a container has a url reference of hd62321678d323.rackspace.com (in truth they are much longer) so I can use a CNAME record of: cdn CNAME hd62321678d323.rackspace.com. so that http://cdn.mydomain.com/myfile.jpg displays content from http://hd62321678d323.rackspace.com/myfile.jpg

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Cannot SSH after resetting firewall on VPS

- by Thomas Buckley

I'm having trouble trying to SSH to my Debian 5 VPS with blacknight. It was working fine until I did the following: Logged into 'Parallels Infrastructure Manager' - Container - Firewall - Set to 'Normal Firewall settings'. It told me there was an error with the IPTables and offered the option again with a checkbox to 'reset' firewall settings, I selected this. I can see that that the default rules are been applied ( anything from anyone on any port and allowing anything to happen). Whenever I attempt to SSH I get the following debug info: thomas@localmachine:~/.ssh$ ssh -v thomas@hostname OpenSSH_5.8p1 Debian-7ubuntu1, OpenSSL 1.0.0e 6 Sep 2011 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: Applying options for * debug1: Connecting to hostname [***********] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /home/thomas/.ssh/id_rsa type 1 debug1: Checking blacklist file /usr/share/ssh/blacklist.RSA-4096 debug1: Checking blacklist file /etc/ssh/blacklist.RSA-4096 debug1: identity file /home/thomas/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/thomas/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/thomas/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/thomas/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/thomas/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-5 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-5 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.8p1 Debian-7ubuntu1 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug1: Server host key: RSA ************************************* debug1: Host 'hostname' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /home/thomas/.ssh/known_hosts:2 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: Roaming not allowed by server debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering RSA public key: /home/thomas/.ssh/id_rsa debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey debug1: Trying private key: /home/thomas/.ssh/id_dsa debug1: Trying private key: /home/thomas/.ssh/id_ecdsa debug1: No more authentication methods to try. Permission denied (publickey). I had my public/private RSA keys set up and working fine before I reset the firewall settings. I had also made the following changes to my /etc/ssh/sshd_config file on the VPS: PermitRootLogin no PasswordAuthentication no X11Forwarding no UsePAM no UseDNS no AllowUsers thomas Could it be something to do with the SSH server & client having different versions between my local machine and VPS? Any help appreciated. Output with ssh -vvv thomas@localcomputer:~/.ssh$ ssh -vvv thomas@**************** OpenSSH_5.8p1 Debian-7ubuntu1, OpenSSL 1.0.0e 6 Sep 2011 debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config debug1: Applying options for * debug2: ssh_connect: needpriv 0 debug1: Connecting to ************ [*************] port 22. debug1: Connection established. debug3: Incorrect RSA1 identifier debug3: Could not load "/home/thomas/.ssh/id_rsa" as a RSA1 public key debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----BEGIN' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type 'Proc-Type:' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type 'DEK-Info:' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug3: key_read: missing whitespace debug2: key_type_from_name: unknown key type '-----END' debug3: key_read: missing keytype debug1: identity file /home/thomas/.ssh/id_rsa type 1 debug1: Checking blacklist file /usr/share/ssh/blacklist.RSA-4096 debug1: Checking blacklist file /etc/ssh/blacklist.RSA-4096 debug1: identity file /home/thomas/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/thomas/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/thomas/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/thomas/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/thomas/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1 debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-5 debug1: match: OpenSSH_5.1p1 Debian-5 pat OpenSSH* debug1: Enabling compatibility mode for protocol 2.0 debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_5.8p1 Debian-7ubuntu1 debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "*****************" from file "/home/thomas/.ssh/known_hosts" debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type RSA in file /home/thomas/.ssh/known_hosts:1 debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys debug3: order_hostkeyalgs: prefer hostkeyalgs: [email protected],[email protected],ssh-rsa debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: [email protected],[email protected],ssh-rsa,[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,ssh-dss debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,arcfour256,arcfour128,aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,arcfour,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected],zlib debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha1,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1,diffie-hellman-group1-sha1 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: ssh-rsa,ssh-dss debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,arcfour128,arcfour256,arcfour,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,[email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: aes128-cbc,3des-cbc,blowfish-cbc,cast128-cbc,arcfour128,arcfour256,arcfour,aes192-cbc,aes256-cbc,[email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: hmac-md5,hmac-sha1,[email protected],hmac-ripemd160,[email protected],hmac-sha1-96,hmac-md5-96 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: none,[email protected] debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: first_kex_follows 0 debug2: kex_parse_kexinit: reserved 0 debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: server->client aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug2: mac_setup: found hmac-md5 debug1: kex: client->server aes128-ctr hmac-md5 none debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REQUEST(1024<1024<8192) sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_GROUP debug2: dh_gen_key: priv key bits set: 127/256 debug2: bits set: 498/1024 debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_INIT sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_DH_GEX_REPLY debug1: Server host key: RSA *********************************************************** debug3: load_hostkeys: loading entries for host "*********************" from file "/home/thomas/.ssh/known_hosts" debug3: load_hostkeys: found key type RSA in file /home/thomas/.ssh/known_hosts:1 debug3: load_hostkeys: loaded 1 keys debug1: Host '****************' is known and matches the RSA host key. debug1: Found key in /home/thomas/.ssh/known_hosts:1 debug2: bits set: 516/1024 debug1: ssh_rsa_verify: signature correct debug2: kex_derive_keys debug2: set_newkeys: mode 1 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS debug2: set_newkeys: mode 0 debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received debug1: Roaming not allowed by server debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_REQUEST sent debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received debug2: key: /home/thomas/.ssh/id_rsa (0x7fa7028b6010) debug2: key: /home/thomas/.ssh/id_dsa ((nil)) debug2: key: /home/thomas/.ssh/id_ecdsa ((nil)) debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey debug3: preferred gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic,publickey,keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey debug1: Next authentication method: publickey debug1: Offering RSA public key: /home/thomas/.ssh/id_rsa debug3: send_pubkey_test debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey debug1: Trying private key: /home/thomas/.ssh/id_dsa debug3: no such identity: /home/thomas/.ssh/id_dsa debug1: Trying private key: /home/thomas/.ssh/id_ecdsa debug3: no such identity: /home/thomas/.ssh/id_ecdsa debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method debug1: No more authentication methods to try. Permission denied (publickey). sshd_config # Package generated configuration file # See the sshd(8) manpage for details # What ports, IPs and protocols we listen for Port 22 # Use these options to restrict which interfaces/protocols sshd will bind to #ListenAddress :: #ListenAddress 0.0.0.0 Protocol 2 # HostKeys for protocol version 2 HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key #Privilege Separation is turned on for security UsePrivilegeSeparation yes # Lifetime and size of ephemeral version 1 server key KeyRegenerationInterval 3600 ServerKeyBits 768 # Logging SyslogFacility AUTH LogLevel INFO # Authentication: LoginGraceTime 120 PermitRootLogin no StrictModes yes RSAAuthentication yes PubkeyAuthentication yes #AuthorizedKeysFile %h/.ssh/authorized_keys # Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files IgnoreRhosts yes # For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh_known_hosts RhostsRSAAuthentication no # similar for protocol version 2 HostbasedAuthentication no # Uncomment if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for RhostsRSAAuthentication #IgnoreUserKnownHosts yes # To enable empty passwords, change to yes (NOT RECOMMENDED) PermitEmptyPasswords no # Change to yes to enable challenge-response passwords (beware issues with # some PAM modules and threads) C hallengeResponseAuthentication no # Change to no to disable tunnelled clear text passwords PasswordAuthentication no # Kerberos options #KerberosAuthentication no #KerberosGetAFSToken no #KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes #KerberosTicketCleanup yes # GSSAPI options #GSSAPIAuthentication no #GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes X11Forwarding no X11DisplayOffset 10 PrintMotd no PrintLastLog yes TCPKeepAlive yes #UseLogin no #MaxStartups 10:30:60 #Banner /etc/issue.net # Allow client to pass locale environment variables AcceptEnv LANG LC_* Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server UsePAM no UseDNS no AllowUsers thomas Thanks

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How can we configure the Bitnami Joomla stack to open a socket on startup?

- by bobo

I have deployed the Bitnami Ubuntu Joomla! 3.1.5-2 (64-bit) stack on Amazon Cloud: http://bitnami.com/stack/joomla/cloud/amazon By default, the stack is configured to run PHP using PHP-FPM. I have no problem getting the Joomla and phpmyadmin running as virtual hosts on Apache. But now, I would like to add another virtual host. The problem I am having is, I have no idea how to get the system creating a socket on startup in the following folder: bitnami@ip-172-31-15-99:/opt/bitnami/php/var/run$ ls -al total 12 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 3 20:43 . drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Oct 9 15:39 .. srw-rw-rw- 1 root root 0 Nov 3 20:43 joomla.sock -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4 Nov 3 20:43 php5-fpm.pid srw-rw-rw- 1 root root 0 Nov 3 20:43 phpmyadmin.sock srw-rw-rw- 1 root root 0 Nov 3 20:43 www.sock bitnami@ip-172-31-15-99:/opt/bitnami/php/var/run$ I have the following /opt/bitnami/apps/mywebsite/conf/php-fpm/pool.conf file: [mywebsite] listen=/opt/bitnami/php/var/run/mywebsite.sock include=/opt/bitnami/php/etc/common-dynamic.conf include=/opt/bitnami/apps/mywebsite/conf/php-fpm/php-settings.conf pm=dynamic As it can be seen, listen points to the mywebsite.sock which does not currently exist. I did an experiment, by removing the .sock files in the /opt/bitnami/php/var/run folder and they would come back on reboot. So how can we configure it to open a socket for mywebsite on startup?

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BOOTMGR is compressed

- by JavaAndCSharp

So I've just finished messing up my computer beyond repair. I originally had a Windows 7 install on my 64GB SSD and all my data on my 1.5TB HDD. So I decided to install Windows 8 Consumer Preview. I tried to clone my 64GB SSD onto my HDD; but that didn't work either at first. I later learned that it wiped all my data off of it. Thank goodness for the cloud. So I retried the cloning after I realized that my data was gone, and I finished it. So I rebooted and got a cryptic error message: BOOTMGR is compressed. Press Ctrl+Alt+Del to restart. So I did. Several times. I followed the instructions to rebuild the bootmanager from many websites, including HowToGeek, smallvoid.com, and more. None worked. BTW, I've lost my Windows 7 Professional DVDs. All I have is my Windows 7 Home Premium DVD. It's the one I got with my laptop. How can I get back to a working computer? I'm willing to wipe anything, as my data is all in the cloud.

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deploy LAMP config to new boxes with low/no effort

- by user1444233

I'm spending a lot of time setting up new Centos 6 instances. I use a VCS (Subversion) for most of the config files and all of the webapp source files (Github), but even with excellent package managers (like yum, npm, easy_install, etc.) it still takes time. I'd like to get to the point where I could try out a new potential web host by just signing up for an account, logging in and automatically sucking my standardised config onto the box. I know there are a set of tools that can help: Puppet Chef Vagrant and a set of services that sell solutions: [Jumpbox] http://www.jumpbox.com/ [BitNami Cloud] http://bitnami.org/cloud I don't mind investing time in learning a new tool, but as a no-budget start-up, I'm keen to keep monthly costs down. My biggest concern is that time spent on the server config is time away from the codebase, and that's where I think my team and I should be investing our energy, at least until we get funded and scale up a bit. I'd be grateful of some recommendations for which way to jump on config: stick with SSH and manual deploys, at least until you get big. bite the bullet and learn [say] puppet. You may only use it 8-10 times, but it pays to have such an easy tunable server bootstrap. don't bother, just pay the $100/month for a standard config service. It'll cost you $1000/year, but you should focus on the code. Other questions in this domain I use quite a complex stack (Drupal, Zend Server, MySQL, PHP, MongoDB, Python, django), but are there standard(ish) setups that include these or that I could build upon more quickly? Are the configs optimised for small, medium, large VPS (1GB, 4GB, 16GB)? How secure are they?

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Using dropbox / symbolic link combo successfully

- by wim

In the past I have kept some files on dropbox by copying them into my ~/Dropbox folder on Ubuntu. I don't want to move the original files into Dropbox synch folder or muck around with my directory structure. Then I have found I was using dropbox more and more, and wasting a lot of space this way by duplication of data. I use a small SSD locally for OS, any other data is kept on mounted shares from my NAS. I found I could successfully get files up to the cloud by using symbolic links like: ln -s /some/mounted/share/dir ~/Dropbox/dir And dropbox would carry on and sync those files remotely whilst only using up the space of the symbolic link locally. This worked well for me for a few weeks, until I turned on my laptop one day and saw '421 files have been removed from your dropbox' notification. They were still there in the original mounted share, but the symbolic links I'd made were completely gone for some reason. What did I do wrong? It is possible the share could have become unmounted, but I didn't expect this would cause all my files to be deleted from the cloud could it? How can I 'share' files on my dropbox in this way without the danger of the originals being modified from remotely?

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nginx inserting extra characters in Multi-status reply body

- by user125011

Here's the setup. I've got one server running apache/php hosting ownCloud. Among other things, I'm using to do CardDAV contact syncing. In order to make things work with my domain I have an nginx server running on the frontend as a reverse-proxy to the ownCloud server. My nginx config is as follows: server { listen 80; server_name cloud.mydomain.com; location / { proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host cloud.mydomain.com; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto http; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr; client_max_body_size 0; proxy_redirect off; proxy_pass http://server; } } The problem is that when my phone does a PROPFIND on the server, nginx adds extra characters to the content body that throw the phone off. Specifically, it prepends d611\r\n at the front of the body and appends 0\r\n\r\n to the end of the content. (I got this from wireshark.) It also re-chunks the result. How do I get nginx to send the original content as-is?

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Huge or minimal performance hit running game servers on a Virtual Machine? [closed]

- by Damainman

I have a two dedicated servers to choose from depending on which one would do a better job. I plan on updating the Hard Drive space and RAM at a later date depending on how I move forward. Server 1: 500GB Hard Drive 8GB RAM 2x 64bit Intel Xeon L5420(Quad Core) @ 2.50Ghz Server2: 500GB Hard Drive 8GB RAM 2x 64bit Intel Xeon E5420(Quad Core) @ 2.50GHz I want to run a virtual machine that will host about 10 game servers, with about 16 active slots per server. It will be a mix and match from: Minecraft Counter Strike( 1.6, Source, Global Offensive) Battlefield Team Fortress I know the general consensus is virtualization is a horrible idea if you plan on running virtual servers on them. The issue is, the discussions I read do not really clearly state whether they are speaking about a virtual server running inside an OS(ie: VMware Player running on Windows with the game server in a VM) or a Hypervisor such as Xen Cloud Platform. I am trying to get a definite answer on how feasible the above would be and how much of a performance hit it might be if the VM running the game servers is on a hypervisor such as Xen Cloud Platform. My initial research lead me to believe that there wouldn't be a performance hit since the virtualization is different than running it via inside of a OS.

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Web hosting for multiple web sites providing system isolation

- by Justin

We have a small number of projects where we expect the client will not be maintaining the installed versions of applications we install to power the site (such as Drupal). Given that an important part of security is keeping things updated, we don't want to host these projects on our Plesk-powered dedicated servers that currently host lots of our other client's websites. Our goal is to find a host where we can deploy isolated instances (be these slices, virtual servers, grid servers, etc) for each individual (or groups of 2-3) web sites as we need them. These instances would be completely separate, so that if one web site were hacked it would not impact any other site. Typical hosting requirements: Linux Apache PHP 5 MySQL Supports Drupal Ability to setup a cron task (but we don't need SSH access) Daily backups Virtualized/cloud hosting (we want to avoid shared) Pricing per site is around $25/month OS is patched automatically Some options we have considered but won't work: MediaTemple: Two major data center-wide security incidents and recent downtime foster doubt about this host's technical ability. Slicehost: This would require us to manage the entire server, which we don't want to do. Rackspace Cloud Sites (formerly Mosso): No backup options. Do you have any recommended hosting options for given these requirements?

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Run command remotely on Windows computer

- by Bilal Aslam

I have a Windows Server 2008 instance on Amazon EC2 (Amazon's cloud compute platform, which provides VMs in the cloud). It has an external IP, and I have an admin account on the box. I would like to 'bootstrap' this instance remotely i.e. I want to run commands to download, install and configure apps on it, all without having to log on even once. Also, I cannot use psexec on the source computer. I have figured out how to do this to a remote, domain-joined computer using WMI. However, I have NOT been able to do for a remote computer on EC2. Here are some specific restrictions: The remote computer is not part of my domain, hence no Kerberos The remote computer does not have a cert I trust, or vice versa I am sure I am running into to some auth/trust restriction. Is there any way I can run a single command on the remote, given that I have admin privileges? I'm not tied down to using WMI, but I do need to run a command somehow. Feels like this should be a solved problem.

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How mod_cache working with "must-revalidate" and "max-age"?

- by Dmitriy Sosunov

Quick question before I will explain my flow: ?an mod_cache perform revalidate with if-none-match only if max-age is expired in case if it configured in reverse proxy mode? My goal is to reduce a number of revalidation requests to our the origin server. For instance: The first request goes to the origin server and then mod_cache save a response in to the cache according to header cache-control: max-age. And only when max-age is expired then mod_cache will revalidate with if-none-match. Currently, mod_cache revalidate each request, regardless that max-age is defined or not. My configuration of Apache 2.4.3 (Windows), on linux I see the same behavior that I will show below. ServerName proxy.lo ProxyRequests Off ProxyPreserveHost Off Header set Vary "Accept, Content-Type, Content-Encoding, Accept-Language" RequestHeader set X-Forwarded-Proto "http" # modify header for user agent's Header set Cache-Control "private, no-cache, no-store, no-transform" CacheQuickHandler off CacheDefaultExpire 300 # the origin server do not provide last-modified CacheIgnoreNoLastMod On CacheIgnoreCacheControl On # the origin server define cache-control: private, no-store only for user agents # Therefore, I would like ignore those headers on the proxy server. CacheStorePrivate On CacheStoreNoStore On CacheEnable disk / CacheRoot "C:/Apache.Cache" CacheDirLevels 5 CacheDirLength 4 CacheMinExpire 15 CacheDetailHeader on CacheHeader on KeepAlive Off ProxyPass / http://origin.lo/ ProxyPassReverse / http://origin.lo/ Also, I have turned on debug log level to see how mod_cache handles a content for caching: I provided this to show that mod_proxy always decides that a content isn't fresh. Why?I provided this to show that mod_proxy always decide that a content isn't fresh. Why? max-age was provided (see below). [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] cache_storage.c(624): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00698: cache: Key for entity /testpage?(null) is http://proxy.lo/testpage? [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache_disk:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache_disk.c(569): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00709: Recalled cached URL info header http://proxy.lo/testpage? [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache_disk:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache_disk.c(865): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00720: Recalled headers for URL http://proxy.lo/testpage? [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] cache_storage.c(320): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00695: Cached response for /testpage isn't fresh. Adding/replacing conditional request headers. [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache.c(414): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00757: Adding CACHE_SAVE filter for /testpage [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache.c(448): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00759: Adding CACHE_REMOVE_URL filter for /testpage [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_proxy.c(1068): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH01143: Running scheme http handler (attempt 0) [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(1976): AH00942: HTTP: has acquired connection for (origin.lo) [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.899890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(2029): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00944: connecting http://origin.lo/testpage to origin.lo:80 [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.901890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(2151): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00947: connected /testpage to origin.lo:80 [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.901890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(2554): AH00962: HTTP: connection complete to 192.168.1.100:80 (origin.lo) [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.903890 2012] [proxy:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] proxy_util.c(1991): AH00943: http: has released connection for (origin.lo) [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.903890 2012] [headers:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_headers.c(800): AH01502: headers: ap_headers_output_filter() [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.903890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache.c(1190): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00769: cache: Caching url: /testpage [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.903890 2012] [cache:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache.c(1196): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00770: cache: Removing CACHE_REMOVE_URL filter. [Sun Nov 04 11:58:42.904890 2012] [cache_disk:debug] [pid 6492:tid 1400] mod_cache_disk.c(1318): [client 192.168.1.100:63741] AH00737: commit_entity: Headers and body for URL http://proxy.lo/testpage? cached. The first request to the origin server without mod_proxy to http://origin.lo/ GET http://origin.lo/testpage HTTP/1.1 Host: origin.lo Connection: keep-alive User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/json Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 The first response from the origin without mod_proxy HTTP/1.1 200 OK Cache-Control: must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate, max-age=30 Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5 X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319 X-Powered-By: ASP.NET Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:11:01 GMT Content-Length: 1877 So, I assumed that revalidation must be occur only in 30 seconds after the success response. Is't right? Let's check it:) Within 30 sec, the Google Chrome didn't perform any requests to the origin server to revalidate a request and has return the response from local cache. When max-age is expired, the Google Chrome perform a request to revalidate: GET http://origin.lo/testpage HTTP/1.1 Host: origin.lo Connection: keep-alive Cache-Control: max-age=0 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/xml If-None-Match: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 and response: HTTP/1.1 304 Not Modified Cache-Control: must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate, max-age=30 ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Server: Microsoft-IIS/7.5 X-AspNet-Version: 4.0.30319 X-Powered-By: ASP.NET Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:16:20 GMT As you can see, all works as expected. User agent revalidates request only when max-age is expired. Let's now try perform the folling flow though mod_proxy (see configuration above). The first request: GET http://proxy.lo/testpage HTTP/1.1 Host: proxy.lo Connection: keep-alive User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/json Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 and the response was: HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:23:36 GMT Server: Apache Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, no-transform Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Content-Length: 1932 Vary: Accept,Content-Type,Content-Encoding,Accept-Language X-Cache: MISS from proxy.lo X-Cache-Detail: "cache miss: attempting entity save" from proxy.lo Connection: close Ok, let's see to the disk cache and try to see how request and response was stored. (I cut binary data) http://proxy.lo/testpage? Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, no-transform Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:27:15 GMT Content-Length: 1932 Vary: Accept, Content-Type, Content-Encoding, Accept-Language Host: proxy.lo User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/json Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 X-Forwarded-Proto: http Cache-Control: max-age=300, must-revalidate X-Forwarded-For: 192.168.1.100 X-Forwarded-Host: proxy.lo X-Forwarded-Server: origin.lo Ok, what we see? We see that the first request was performed with max-age=300 & must-revalidate Ok, looks good, as for me, lets perform the next call: GET http://proxy.lo/testpage HTTP/1.1 Host: proxy.lo Connection: keep-alive User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/22.0.1229.94 Safari/537.4 Accept: application/json Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8 Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-1,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.3 and the second response from mod_proxy: HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Sun, 04 Nov 2012 10:31:58 GMT Server: Apache Cache-Control: private, no-cache, no-store, no-transform ETag: "7cf651e2-176f-4ac1-808e-0e0c17cfd0a2" Content-Length: 1932 Vary: Accept,Content-Type,Content-Encoding,Accept-Language X-Cache: REVALIDATE from proxy.lo X-Cache-Detail: "conditional cache hit: entity refreshed" from proxy.lo Connection: close Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8 SO, MY QUESTION IS: WHY mod_proxy perform revalidation on each request regardless that max-age is defined? N.B. Apache 2.4.3 Thanks, I would be grateful for any help.

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Incorrect deployment of WSGI app to AWS using Elastic Beanstalk

- by Dzmitry Zhaleznichenka

cross-link to AWS forums I have developed a simple Python web service using WSGI and would like to deploy it to AWS cloud using Elastic Beanstalk. My problem is I cannot make all the options I specify in Elastic Beanstalk configuration to be correctly configured in the cloud. For deployment, I use Elastic Beanstalk CLI utility. I have run eb init command and set up the required parameters. After this, a directory named .elasticbeanstalk was created in my source tree. It has two config files that are used for deployment, namely config and optionsettings. The latter one among the other options contains the WSGI configuration that has to update /etc/httpd/conf.d/wsgi.conf at the instances. After some of my adjustments the file has the following settings: [aws:elasticbeanstalk:application:environment] DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE = PARAM1 = PARAM2 = PARAM4 = PARAM3 = PARAM5 = [aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python] WSGIPath = handler.py NumProcesses = 2 StaticFiles = /static= NumThreads = 10 [aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python:staticfiles] /static = static/ [aws:elasticbeanstalk:hostmanager] LogPublicationControl = false [aws:autoscaling:launchconfiguration] InstanceType = t1.micro EC2KeyName = zmicier-aws [aws:elasticbeanstalk:application] Application Healthcheck URL = [aws:autoscaling:asg] MaxSize = 10 MinSize = 1 Custom Availability Zones = [aws:elasticbeanstalk:monitoring] Automatically Terminate Unhealthy Instances = true [aws:elasticbeanstalk:sns:topics] Notification Endpoint = Notification Protocol = email It turns out that not all of these options are considered when I start the environment or update it. Thus, when I update NumThreads or NumProcesses, the respective parameters get changed in wsgi.conf as expected. But whatever I write to the WSGIPath and StaticFiles parameters, I'm not able to automatically change the respective values of wsgi.conf, they remain Alias /static /opt/python/current/app/ WSGIScriptAlias / /opt/python/current/app/application.py which drives me nuts. Moreover, when I deploy my application using git aws.push and having the following contents of .ebextensions/python.config file, neither of options I specify in it affects the deployment. option_settings: - namespace: aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python option_name: WSGIPath value: mysite/wsgi.py - namespace: aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python option_name: NumProcesses value: 5 - namespace: aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python option_name: NumThreads value: 25 - namespace: aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python:staticfiles option_name: /static/ value: app/static/ I wonder what I should do to force AWS use all the parameters I specify in the configuration, namely the WSGI Path and path to my static data.

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Run command remotely on Windows computer from C#

- by Bilal Aslam

I have a Windows Server 2008 instance on Amazon EC2 (Amazon's cloud compute platform, which provides VMs in the cloud). It has an external IP, and I have an admin account on the box. I would like to 'bootstrap' this instance remotely i.e. I want to run commands to download, install and configure apps on it, all without having to log on even once. Also, I cannot use psexec on the source computer. I have figured out how to do this to a remote, domain-joined computer using WMI. However, I have NOT been able to do for a remote computer on EC2. Here are some specific restrictions: 1) The remote computer is not part of my domain, hence no Kerberos 2) The remote computer does not have a cert I trust, or vice versa I am sure I am running into to some auth/trust restriction. Is there any way I can run a single command on the remote, given that I have admin privileges? I'm not tied down to using WMI, but I do need to run a command somehow. Feels like this should be a solved problem.

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Hosting websites in our Workplace custom-built datacentre

- by i.h4d35

I'm faced with unique learning opportunity at work at the moment. Due to the slowdown (amongst other reasons), the powers that be at my office have decided to abandon our shared hosting providers (both shared and dedicated hosting) and have decided to host the websites at our office's datacentre. We're running 7 websites, wherein the average unique hits per day at the moment is about 900. We have 2 servers set aside for this - one is a DELL POWER EDGE 1850 (Intel Xeon 3 GHZ*2, 4GB RAM, 73GB HDD and the other is an HP DL 380 G3 (Intel Xeon 2.8 GHz, 6 GB RAM, 73 GB HDD) a) I would like to know the pros and cons of going ahead with this project.All the sites will be hosted on a single IP. In all probability, the OS is going to be CentOS. b) Do you think I should consider Virtualization into this equation (KVM/Xen)? I was thinking in terms of separate instances of the DB server and the frontend though I do not know if this is the best way to go. c) Should I be trying to use cloud stacks like OpenStack and try to make it look like websites hosted on some sort of Public Cloud? (something that I checked out here). Here is something else I came across, which looks similar to what needs to be done at our office. About the websites - Of the 7 websites, 4 are basic static websites which basically gives a whole lot of information about a few local institutions. The remaining 3 are local product-based websites developed in PHP wherein end user can view products and order them online. I am trying to take this as a learning experience wherein I can learn to build something from scratch and save the company a little something in the process. The migration needs to be completed by Easter so I guess it gives us some time (or am I being overly optimistic??). I am confused here and would appreciate all the help I can get. Thanks in advance.

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internet-based sync software that will keep running after Windows Live Sync stops doing PC-to-PC-syncs?

- by Warren P

According to the wikipedia page, Microsoft Live Sync will shortly stop offering the PC-to-PC sync service. There are lots of apps to sync two PCs on the same LAN, but I want to sync two PCs that are in different cities, across the internet, traversing two different NATs, and that requires some kind of service running in the internet that both connect into. There is already a few questions about syncing folders and files, but this is not a duplicate because none of them answer this basic question: Microsoft Live Sync works better than RSYNC, or any of the linked SYNC solutions in any of the "not really duplicates" because it works even when the two PCs have NAT and firewalls between them that forbid direct connectivity, because Windows Live Sync has a free always-on internet server that all the client PCs connect into. I'm looking for a FREE (no-fees) Microsoft Live Sync work-alike PC-to-PC sync solution that works between PCs and Macs, at least, as well as between PCs, and works behind NAT and firewalls at least as well as Microsoft's solution. (Note that Microsoft's solution makes only outbound socket calls to a microsoft server, so this solution must necessarily include a server-hub component that is hosted publically on a free site and which does not require that I set up and manage and pay for my own public internet hosting site) Hint: None of the answers in the linked duplicate are equivalent (PureSync,FreeFileSync,BestSync 2010,SyncButler,Comodo BackUp,QuickShadow,Gbridge) in that none of them work for the PC to Mac situation, where firewalls and nats prevent direct connection, or else they require money to be paid. When Microsoft Live Sync / Live Mesh finally kills direct PC-to-PC mode, the limitation will be that you will have to pay for more than 25 GB of cloud service, and you can then only sync PC #1 to PC #2 if you first sync to the cloud, then down to other clients. I can currently sync 100 gb of data from one computer to another, only temporarily "moving the data" through Microsoft's data servers without using up my Skydrive storage quota.

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Windows 8 folder to folder sync software

- by Danny

I'm looking for direct folder to folder synchronization in Windows 8. I was previously using Live Mesh to accomplish this, but now it looks like that is no longer an option. Note that I'm talking about direct folder to folder sync between different computers, not syncing to the cloud. I'm aware of products like Google Drive, SkyDrive, Dropbox, etc. The problem with them is the space limitation. Basically, I was syncing important files before between my desktop and all of my laptops. One folder for example is My Pictures. This folder has almost 40 gigs of files, which is why the options listed above are not going to work for me. Just need direct syncing, nothing stored on the cloud. I was told by a Microsoft employee that SkyDrive would be replacing Mesh and would provide all the same functionality. So far this looks to be completely false, since the ability to remote desktop is gone along with folder to folder sync. Unless I'm just missing something?

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How to move Mdadm RAID drive (EBS based) to different AWS Instance

- by Stanley

We have a media-rich web application that is hosted on AWS. We have several Web Servers and we have an NFS server. On the NFS server (Linux server) we have several EBS volumes that are mounted and we've used mdadm to implement the different mounted volumes as a single RAID volume. The Web Servers simply access the NFS storage through a mount point. Amazon has now let us know that they will be performing power maintenance on this server in a couple of days time. Since all our media is on here it would render our site unusable for the hours while Amazon is working on it. We want to try and prevent this downtime. I was thinking that we can prevent server downtime by perhaps setting up a new server temporarily and attaching the EBS drives (raid volume) to that server and have our web servers point there during maintenance. This is a very high risk operation since this involves several terabytes of our production data. What would be the safe way to move over our logical raid drive (md0) to a new amazon instance? I was hoping that I could start with building the new server, mounting the ebs volumes and assembling the RAID partition using mdadm --assemble --scan before unmounting from the existing instance so that I can first test that everything works and thus having it mounted on two instances at the same time, but I don't believe that is possible with the way that filesystems work. How do I move a Linux software RAID to a new machine? suggests a way to move drives, but isn't really a cloud-based question. Perhaps there are simpler ways to prevent system downtime with our solution being hosted on the cloud? I have considered taking an EBS snapshot, but that tries to replicate all the many terabytes of mounted storage, so this is not a practical solution. Any ideas?

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