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  • Overriding some DNS entries in BIND for internal networks

    - by Remy Blank
    I have an internal network with a DNS server running BIND, connected to the internet through a single gateway. My domain "example.com" is managed by an external DNS provider. Some of the entries in that domain, say "host1.example.com" and "host2.example.com", as well as the top-level entry "example.com", point to the public IP address of the gateway. I would like hosts located on the internal network to resolve "host1.example.com", "host2.example.com" and "example.com" to internal IP addresses instead of that of the gateway. Other hosts like "otherhost.example.com" should still be resolved by the external DNS provider. I have succeeded in doing that for the host1 and host2 entries, by defining two single-entry zones in BIND for "host1.example.com" and "host2.example.com". However, if I add a zone for "example.com", all queries for that domain are resolved by my local DNS server, and e.g. querying "otherhost.example.com" results in an error. Is it possible to configure BIND to override only some entries of a domain, and to resolve the rest recursively?

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  • Fail2Ban adds iptable rules but they are not working?

    - by EApubs
    Fail2Ban just blocked my IP for 3 SSH attempts. It added the iptables rule and I can see it using the "sudo iptables -L -n" command. But I can still access the site and login through SSH! What might be the problem? Is it because im using CloudFlare? I have set Nginx to write the real IPs to the access logs instead of the Cloud Flare IP. Isn't it enough? Chain fail2ban-ssh (1 references) target prot opt source destination DROP all -- 119.235.14.8 0.0.0.0/0 RETURN all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 The input chain : Chain INPUT (policy DROP) target prot opt source destination fail2ban-NoAuthFailures tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 tcp dpt:80 fail2ban-nginx-dos tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 multiport dports 80,8090 fail2ban-postfix tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 multiport dports 25,465 fail2ban-ssh-ddos tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 multiport dports 22 fail2ban-ssh tcp -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 multiport dports 22 ufw-before-logging-input all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 ufw-before-input all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 ufw-after-input all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 ufw-after-logging-input all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 ufw-reject-input all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 ufw-track-input all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 LOG all -- 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 LOG flags 0 level 4

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  • Apache showing 500 error during Active Directory LDAP authentication

    - by Tyllyn
    I have Apache (on Windows Server) set up to authenticate one directory through Active Directory. Config settings are as follows: <LocationMatch "/trac/[^/]+/login"> Order deny,allow Allow from all AuthBasicProvider ldap AuthzLDAPAuthoritative Off AuthLDAPURL ldap://<ip-redacted>:3268/cn=Users,OU=MyBusiness,DC=<dc-redacted>,DC=local?sAMAccountName?sub?(objectClass=*) AuthLDAPBindDN trac@<dc-redacted>.local AuthLDAPBindPassword "<password-redacted>" AuthType Basic AuthName "Protected" require valid-user </LocationMatch> Watching, Wireshark, I see the following get sent through when I visit the page: To the AD server: bindRequest(1) "trac@<dc-redacted>.local" simple And from the AD server: bindResponse(1) success I'm assuming this means that the auth was successful... but Apache doesn't think so. It returns a 500 server to me. Apache logs show the following: [Thu Nov 18 16:21:12 2010] [debug] mod_authnz_ldap.c(379): [client 192.168.x.x] [7352] auth_ldap authenticate: using URL ldap://<ip-redacted>:3268/cn=Users,OU=MyBusiness,DC=<dc-redacted>,DC=local?sAMAccountName?sub?(objectClass=*), referer: http://192.168.x.x/trac/Trac/login [Thu Nov 18 16:21:12 2010] [info] [client 192.168.x.x] [7352] auth_ldap authenticate: user authentication failed; URI /trac/Trac/login [ldap_search_ext_s() for user failed][Filter Error], referer: http://192.168.x.x/trac/Trac/login Now, that log file shows a failed auth for a blank user. I am confused. Any idea what I am doing wrong... and how I can get the Apache authentication working? :) Thanks!

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  • Playing iPad to iPad Wifi games over PPTP VPN

    - by Pez Cuckow
    I'm trying to use a VPN to play iPad to iPad Wifi (Local) games over the internet. Normally you open the game on both iPad's, connect to the same Wifi point and they can "see" and speak to each other. I figure using a VPN I can put them both on the same network (either both on the VPN or one on the "real" network and one on the VPN). On my router I've set up PPTP VPN with the ip range 192.168.1.2-50, where the PC's on the real local network are assigned 192.168.1.100+ When I connect one of the iPads to the VPN, using an external WiFi network (BT Openzone) I can ping it as expected (from any machine on the local network). However the iPad's cannot "see" each other and none of the Wifi-Wifi games work. I've also tried connecting both iPad's to the same VPN, with the result the same. All machines on the local network (and those on the VPN) can ping the iPad's but none of the Wifi to Wifi games work. I've set both iPads to send all trafic over the VPN and if I check their external IP's they match that of the real network. Does anyone know how to fix this? And/or what is causing it? Or what further debug information I can provide? Note: I don't feel this is iPad specific so would prefer if this isn't moved to a Apple SuperUser equivalent

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  • SSH through standard Belkin router to Asus Tomato router

    - by Luke
    I've set up SSH on the Tomato firmware on an Asus N10, via port 22 with key authentication. I've tested the keys by connecting with putty directly to the router when connected to its network. That works OK. But this router is behind a Belkin (F5D7632-4) router which also acts as modem and when I try to connect through with the (dynamic) public IP it times out. I'm guessing it's something to do with the NAT? My putty settings are taken from various online tutorials, but it's set up for port 22, with the correct key as mentioned. The Belkin router has port forwarding to the Asus (192.168.2.3) for port 22 TCP and UDP set up. It's now tough to see what to do in order to connect to the Asus router with an external IP - if it's even possible. Ideally I would have liked to have only needed to use the Asus router, but as it doesn't act as a modem, I need to connect it to the Belkin to use Tomato's features. Perhaps there's a solution here too? Network: Internet -> Belkin modem/router -> Asus router (Tomato SSH) -> Devices

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  • How to tell statd to use portmap on a non-localhost ipadress?

    - by jneves
    How can I make statd connect to other IP address other than 127.0.0.1? I have a server that is connected to 2 different networks (one is public, another a private). I want it to provide a NFS share for only the private network. The host in an ubuntu 8.04. The private ip address is 192.168.1.202 I changed /etc/default/portmap to add: OPTIONS="-i 192.168.1.202" The command lsof -n | grep portmap returns: portmap 10252 daemon cwd DIR 202,0 4096 2 / portmap 10252 daemon rtd DIR 202,0 4096 2 / portmap 10252 daemon txt REG 202,0 15248 13461 /sbin/portmap portmap 10252 daemon mem REG 202,0 83708 32823 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libnsl-2.7.so portmap 10252 daemon mem REG 202,0 1364388 32817 /lib/tls/i686/cmov/libc-2.7.so portmap 10252 daemon mem REG 202,0 31304 16588 /lib/libwrap.so.0.7.6 portmap 10252 daemon mem REG 202,0 109152 16955 /lib/ld-2.7.so portmap 10252 daemon 0u CHR 1,3 960 /dev/null portmap 10252 daemon 1u CHR 1,3 960 /dev/null portmap 10252 daemon 2u CHR 1,3 960 /dev/null portmap 10252 daemon 3u unix 0xecc8c3c0 4332992 socket portmap 10252 daemon 4u IPv4 4332993 UDP 192.168.1.202:sunrpc portmap 10252 daemon 5u IPv4 4332994 TCP 192.168.1.202:sunrpc (LISTEN) portmap 10252 daemon 6u REG 0,12 289 3821511 /var/run/portmap_mapping I defined in /etc/hosts the following: 192.168.1.202 server.local In /etc/default/nfs-common I changed STATDOPTS to: STATDOPTS="--name server.local" Yet when I run /etc/init.d/nfs-common start if fails to start. The log shows: Jun 8 06:37:44 cookwork-web1 rpc.statd[9723]: Version 1.1.2 Starting Jun 8 06:37:44 cookwork-web1 rpc.statd[9723]: Flags: Jun 8 06:37:44 cookwork-web1 rpc.statd[9723]: unable to register (statd, 1, udp). An strace -f rpc.statd -n server.local results in a lot of lines, including this one: sendto(9, "\200]3\362\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\2\0\1\206\240\0\0\0\2\0\0\0\1"..., 56, 0, {sa_family=AF_INET, sin_port=htons(111), sin_addr=inet_addr("127.0.0.1")}, 16) = 56

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  • maximum number of connections Squid

    - by Isaac
    I have a Squid proxy server that controls all internet traffic for my network. I need a way to stop users from downloading big files (say 50MB) in my network. I banned some famous ports (e.g. torrent) but some downloads are possible by HTTP port. Obviously I cannot ban port 80! A simple solution is limiting maxmimum number of the simultaneous connections for each IP (e.g. 3 connections). It's possible in Squid with this config: acl ACCOUNTSDEPT 192.168.5.0/24 acl limitusercon maxconn 3 http_access deny ACCOUNTSDEPT limitusercon But this solution has really bad impact in web browsing, because any smart browser get different parts of a website by several connections simultaneously to speedup web browsing. But if we have a maximum number of connections, the browsers will fail to get some parts and the website will be shown partially and some parts/images/frames will not be shown. So, can we limit maximum number of persist connections? I think this policy will works: Specify Maximum number of connections that is alive for 10 seconds But Number of simultaneous connections for every IP is unlimited But how can we implement this policy when Squid? With which config? UPDATE: artifex and Tom Newton offered using a bandwidth-limiting approach to fight against downloaders. But bandwidth-limiting in Squid has a shortcoming: It's static and cannot dynamically change. So a person has a limited bandwidth not matter how many people are using internet (maybe nobody!) Also, this solution cannot help to stop people from downloading. They still can download but in a lower speed. But if we find a way to terminate persist connections (or any connection that is alive more than a specific time), downloading big files will be almost impossible (always there is some way!)

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  • A star vs internet routing pathfinding

    - by alan2here
    In many respects pathfinding algorythms like A star for finding the shortest route though graphs are similar to the pathfinding on the internet when routing trafic. However the pathfinding routers perform seem to have remarkable properties. As I understand it: It's very perfromant. New nodes can be added at any time that use a free address from a finite (not tree like) address space. It's real routing, like A*, theres never any doubling back for example. IP addresses don't have to be geographicly nearby. The network reacts quickly to changes to the networks shape, for example if a line is down. Routers share information and it takes time for new IP's to be registered everywhere, but presumably every router dosn't have to store a list of all the addresses each of it's directions leads most directly to. I can't find this information elsewhere however I don't know where to look or what search tearms to use. I'm looking for a basic, general, high level description to the algorithms workings, from the point of view of an individual router.

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  • Using proxy.pac to access Apache 2 with a hostname?

    - by leeand00
    Note that I do not have a DNS on my network, and that is why I am resorting to using a proxy.pac file. I would like to be able to access my development Apache 2 server using a name instead of an ip without setting up a full blown DNS. I am aware of setting names in the C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts file and the /etc/hosts files, however I cannot edit the hosts file on all of the devices that I am testing the site on. I've added a proxy.pac file to my Apache2 server and pointed my browsers settings to it at: http://192.168.2.221/proxyutils/proxy.pac ...where 192.168.2.221 is thehostname's ip address. I set the above URL in Firefox in the following manner: From the menubar selecting "Edit-Preferences" In the resulting "Firefox Preferences" window clicking the "Advanced" tab. Clicking the "Network" tab Clicking the "Settings" button. Selecting the "Automatic proxy configuration URL:" radio button. Entering http://192.168.2.221/proxyutils/proxy.pac and pressing OK. The contents of the proxy.pac file on the Apache server function FindProxyForURL(url, host) { if( dnsDomainIs(host, "thehostname") ) return "PROXY 192.168.2.221:80"; return "DIRECT"; } In Firefox I then access the following URL: http://thehostname/wp-blog/ And instead of the development version of the Wordpress blog I am trying to access I get a URL of http://thehostnamehttp/thehostname/wp-blog/ in my address bar and a 404 Not Found page in the browser window. Looking over proxy.pac, it seems like calling dnsDomainIs shouldn't work considering I don't have a DNS setup on my network, but I've also tried just comparing the host argument with the string "hostname" and it yielded the same result, even after modifying the proxy.pac file and clicking the reload button near the proxy settings. This could also be a Wordpress problem, since I've noticed that directories without Wordpress seem to function perfectly normally. (see cross post here) Is there any way I can modify my configuration so that I can access the site using http://thehostname/wp-blog/ ?

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  • Assistance on setup to Connect an offsite server to the LAN via RRAS VPN - Server 2008 R2

    - by Paul D'Ambra
    I have an office LAN protected using a Zyxel Zywall USG 300. I've set up an L2TP/ipsec VPN on that which accepts connections using a shared secret and I've tested this from multiple clients. I have a server offsite and want to set up RRAS to use a persistent connection to the VPN so that it can carry out network jobs even with no one logged in (I'm using it for Micorosft DPM secondary backup). If I create a vpn as if I were setting up a users laptop it can dial in no problem but if I set up a demand dial interface in RRAS it errors. I enable RRAS ticking only demand dial interface (branch office routing) Select network interfaces, right click and choose new demand dial interface Name the VPN ToCompany Select connect using VPN And then L2TP as the vpn type enter the IP address (double-checked for typos!) select Route IP packets on this interface specify static route to remote network as 10.0.0.0/24 with metric of 1 add dial out credentials (again double checked for typos and confirmed with other vpn connections click finish now I right-click on the new interface and choose properties and then the security tab I change Data encryption to optional select only PAP for Authentication (both as per manufacturer of Zywall) click advanced settings against type of vpn and set shared secret then I select the new interface, right-click and choose connect this dials and then errors with either 720 or 811 as the error codes. However, if I create a VPN by going to Network & Sharing center and setting up as if I was creating a VPN from my laptop to the office (say) it dials successfully so I know the VPN settings are correct and the machine can connect to the VPN. Suggests very strongly the problem is how I'm setting up RRAS. Can anyone help?

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  • Bridging Wireless and Wired Interfaces in Linux

    - by The Daemons Advocate
    My network setup is something like: Wireless Router <---> Netbook <---> Ubuntu Desktop ...or, more verbosely (with interfaces): Wireless Router <--(wireless)--> (eth2) Ubuntu Netbook Ubuntu Netbook (eth0) <---(wired)----> (eth0) Ubuntu Desktop In a perfect world, I'd have the desktop wired, but weird circumstances combined with my wanting to understand more about networking in linux make me want to figure out how to bridge these two devices. A bit of googling has given me this example using bridge-utils, and here's how I'm (failing) to setup the bridge (on the netbook): sudo -i ifconfig eth0 0.0.0.0 ifconfig eth2 0.0.0.0 brctl addbr bridget brctl addif bridget eth0 brctl addif bridget eth2 ifconfig bridget up ...then, trying to make sure that the netbook can still get on the internets... route add default gateway 192.168.2.1 dhclient bridget What happens after this is that the dhclient command above (netbook) doesn't get served an IP, and the Desktop, if I run dhclient, it doesn't get served an IP. Some weird considerations might be that I'm running the Network Manager Applet that comes with Ubuntu. While I'm sure I can get a command line wireless configuration setup, it's a bit complex. Can someone give me a shout as to where I'm going wrong? I'd also like to note another related question titled 'Bridging my laptop’s wireless and wired adaptors', however the setup is different to mine.

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  • What is /etc/apache2/sites-available used for and is it necessary?

    - by Mariane
    I have 3 sites, each with a specific IP, running on apache2 (up-to-date Ubuntu). To put a site online, I just created a file in: /etc/apache2/sites-enabled and in this file I told apache which directory was the root directory for this site, and to which IP it should correspond. So I have 000-default 001-www.lapf.eu 002-www.felkin.info 003-www.seidhr.fr in this directory. My first site, lapf suddenly lost contact with its database after the domain name was transferred from another registrar unto the registrar who is also hosting the site's data. Then I did an update, and I reinstalled mysql-server and mysql-common, and I did I-have-forgotten-what to reinstall the locales (uft8 and such) which had vanished for some reason. This fixed my first site. Now I noticed that the other 2 sites are offline. Pointing a browser to them just hangs until timeout. They used to function, and their domain names did not move, they are still registered at the same place. The files are still in /etc/apache2/sites-enabled I noticed another directory: /etc/apache2/sites-available with just defaut and default.ssl in it. Why are there 2 directories, sites-enabled and sites-available? Should I copy the files from "sites-enabled" into "sites-available"? Or should I put a modified version of each in "sites-available"? command: "apache2ctl -S" VirtualHost configuration: 92.243.20.169:80 Charlotte (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/001-www.lapf.eu:1) 92.243.21.141:80 xvm-21-141.ghst.net (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/002-www.felkin.info:1) 92.243.4.114:80 xvm-4-114.ghst.net (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/003-www.seidhr.fr:1) wildcard NameVirtualHosts and default servers: *:80 is a NameVirtualHost default server Charlotte (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default:1) port 80 namevhost Charlotte (/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default:1) Syntax OK

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  • Recommendation on remote access setup for accessing customer systems

    - by gregmac
    I'm looking for a product recommendation (open or commercial) that will allow remote access to customer sites for tech support purposes. We need to be able to gain access to help troubleshoot problems on servers. Currently end up using anything from RDP on public IP, to various VPNs that clients happen to have, to webex-type sessions that require lots of interaction from both sides to get things working. This often means a problem that could take 10 minutes to solve takes an extra 30+ minutes messing around trying to get a connection up. There are multiple customer sites, which should NOT have access to each other. At each site, there is anywhere from 1 to 8 servers (Windows 2003 or 2008) that need to be accessed. Support connection to machines even if they're behind a firewall/router with no public IP Be able to selectively allow/deny access from customer site. Customer site should not be able to connect outbound to anywhere else (our systems, or other customer sites) Support multiple users from our end If not a VPN connection (where RDP could be used over top), should support: Remote desktop access, including copy/paste File transfers Preferably would have some way to list all remote systems, showing online/offline. Anyone have any suggestions?

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  • DNS Round-robin, Load Balancing, Load sharing, and failover in 2012

    - by user1089770
    I have been reading many posts on serverfault as well as on other sites regarding all these. What I understand is, Multiple A records(round-robin dns) can be used for both : Load sharing (round-robin, but NOT load-balancing). Many people say that “Load Balancing” but I think there will be no load-balancing because “Balance” means (literally) “compare two(or more) and adjust” (and that is what Real s/w or h/w Load balancers do) but Browsers never do this, instead they randomly select and IP and connect to it. It doesn't have any knowledge about the current load of that server (probably, the IP it picked had the highest load!). Automatic failover (latest browsers only). Yes, I think DNS can be used as a simple failover system (at least in 2012, I dont know when it actually "came in effect"). please refer to : http://webmasters.stackexchange.com/questions/10927/using-multiple-a-records-for-my-domain-do-web-browsers-ever-try-more-than-one and Browser-based DNS failover using multiple A records and http://www.nber.org/sys-admin/dns-failover.html I would like to make sure my assumptions/findings are right. So let me know please.....

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  • Access router set up as a bridge behind another router

    - by Alari Truuts
    I have a problem my ISP is refusing to help me with, even though they put up the whole system. Specifications: There's a Thomson TG784 router through which the internet comes in to the building, Behind that (for some reason) is a Juniper NetScreen 5XT - 105 Firewall/Router? which leads to an AMX nxa-enet24 switch that carries the connections all over the building and a series of Apple AirPorts for wifi. Problem: The first router (Thomson) is required for ipTV (by Elion). The tv or ipTV box has to be connected straight to the Thomson router. My service provider cannot see the Thomson router from their side, but see the Juniper, so we might think the Thomson has been configured as a bridge. I need a way to access the Thomson router and see it's configurations, because currently, when connecting a Samsung tv to that router (with elion app for ipTV viewing) or even a computer, it cannot access the internet and even if it could, it would update the Thomson router software, losing it's configurations which I need to preserve. I'm unable to find out the Thomson routers ip address to connect to it, and when directly conencting with a cat5 cable, it doesn't give me an ip address. Hope someone can show me the correct direction for solving my issue. Thank you all for reading, and I appreciate any help, Alari Truuts

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  • Kickstart: Serve dynamic kickstart images via a CGI or PHP script?

    - by Stefan Lasiewski
    I'd like to kickstart a couple dozen RHEL6/SL6 servers. However, some of these servers are different and I don't want to create a new ks.cfg file for each class of server. Are there any products which can generate a Kickstart file dynamically on the fly, from a template? For example, if I append a line like this to the KERNEL: APPEND ks=http://192.168.1.100/cgi-bin/ks.cgi Then the script ks.cgi can determine what host this is (Via the MAC address), and print out Kickstart options which are appropriate for that host. I could optionally override some options by passing parameters to the script, like this: APPEND ks=http://192.168.1.100/cgi-bin/ks.cgi?NODETYPE=production&IP=192.168.2.80 After we kickstart the server, we activate Cfengine/Puppet on this system and manage the system using our favorite Configuration Management product. We're experimenting with xCAT but it is proving too cumbersome. I've looked into Cobbler, but I'm not sure it does this. Update: A roll-your-own solution is discussed in the O'Reilly book: Managing RPM-Based Systems with Kickstart and Yum, Chapter 3. Customizing Your Kickstart Install Dynamic ks.cfg, which echos some of the comments in this thread: To implement such a tool is beyond the scope of this Short Cut, but I can walk through the high-level design. Any such solution would mix a data store (the things that change) with a templating solution (the things that don’t change). The data store would hold the per-machine data, such as the IP address and hostname. You would also need a unique identifier, perhaps the hostname, such that you could pick up a given machine’s data. The data store could be a flat file, XML data, or a relational database such as PostgreSQL or MySQL. In turn, to invoke the system, you pass a machine’s unique identifier as a URL parameter. For example: boot: linux ks=http://your.kickstart.server/gen_config?host-server25 In this example, the CGI (or servlet, or whatever) generates a ks.cfg for the machine server25. But where, oh where, is the code for ks.cgi?

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  • Provisioning DELL servers using only linux tools

    - by Krist van Besien
    We have taken delivery of a bunch off Dell Poweredge Rack servers. Unfortunately when ordering it was neglegted to ask for dhcp to be enabled in the built in iDRAC controlers... So they are all stuck on the same IP address. Which means that I'll have to go to each of them individually and configure a new IP in the console... In the future I want to avoid that. Now Dell proposes to deliver the next batch with auto discovery enabled. As I understand this means that when the machine wakes up for the first time the iDRAC will request a DHCP address. The DHCP server then supposedly also provides a "provisioning" server, that provides it with a username and password, and a configuration to be applied. This would allow us to for example configure things like RAID automatically. However, I can't seem to find a way to set up such a provisioning server that does not involve setting up a windows machine. I want to use Linux tools exclusively. Is there a way to do this? I want to just rack servers, switch them on, and then do everything remotely. And that using only linux tools?

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  • Virtual Machine Network Architecture, Isolating Public and Private Networks

    - by Mark
    I'm looking for some insight into best practices for network traffic isolation within a virtual environment, specifically under VMWARE ESXi. Currently I have (in testing) 1 hardware server running ESXi but i expect to expand this to multiple pieces of hardware. The current setup is as follows: 1 pfsense VM, this VM accepts all outside (WAN/internet) traffic and performs firewall/port forwarding/NAT functionality. I have multiple public IP addresses sent to the this VM that are used for access to individual servers (via per incoming IP port forwarding rules). This VM is attached to the private (virtual) network that all other VMs are on. It also manages a VPN link into the private network with some access restrictions. This isn't the perimeter firewall but rather the firewall for this virtual pool only. I have 3 VMs that communicate with each other, as well as have some public access requirements: 1 LAMP server running an eCommerce site, public internet accessible 1 accounting server, access via windows server 2008 RDS services for remote access by users 1 inventory/warehouse management server, VPN to client terminals in warehouses These servers constantly talk with each other for data synchronization. Currently all the servers are on the same subnet/virtual network and connected to the internet through the pfsense VM. The pfsense firewall uses port forwarding and NAT to allow outside access to the servers for services and for server access to the internet. My main question is this: Is there a security benefit to adding a second virtual network adapter to each server and controlling traffic such that all server to server communication is on one separate virtual network, while any access to the outside world is routed through the other network adapter, through the firewall, and on the the internet. This is the type of architecture i would use if these were all physical servers, but i'm unsure if the networks being virtual changes the way i should approach locking down this system. Thank you for any thoughts or direction to any appropriate literature.

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  • Openldap startup problems after upgrade

    - by Craig Efrein
    I am trying to syncrhonize a ldap slave and master server. The master server is using openldap 2.3.43-12 and the slave server is using openldap 2.4.23. I copied over the files in /var/lib/ldap, started the server and got this error: Oct 22 16:16:41 xe-ldap-slave1 slapd[12111]: bdb(dc=myserver,dc=fr): Program version 4.7 doesn't match environment version 4.4 Oct 22 16:16:41 xe-ldap-slave1 slapd[12111]: bdb_db_open: database "dc=myserver,dc=fr" cannot be opened, err -30971. Restore from backup! Oct 22 16:16:41 xe-ldap-slave1 slapd[12111]: bdb(dc=myserver,dc=fr): txn_checkpoint interface requires an environment configured for the transaction subsystem Oct 22 16:16:41 xe-ldap-slave1 slapd[12111]: bdb_db_close: database "dc=myserver,dc=fr": txn_checkpoint failed: Invalid argument (22). Oct 22 16:16:41 xe-ldap-slave1 slapd[12111]: backend_startup_one (type=bdb, suffix="dc=myserver,dc=fr"): bi_db_open failed! (-30971) Oct 22 16:16:41 xe-ldap-slave1 slapd[12111]: bdb_db_close: database "dc=myserver,dc=fr": alock_close failed I have used the db_upgrade command to upgrade the database files on the new slave server, but I still get the same error when starting slapd. The master server is Centos 5.5 32bit & openldap 2.3.43-12 The slave server is Centos 6.3 64 bit & openldap 2.4.23 Everything was installed using yum. What is the proper method to synchronize database files from an ldap master server and slave server when the slave server is more recent then the master? I have followed the suggestion from 84104, but I am getting an error on the slave Here is the error on the slave: Oct 23 18:28:30 xe-ldap-slave1 slapd[1415]: slap_client_connect: URI=ldaps://ldap0.lan.myserver.com:636 DN="cn=syncuser,dc=myserver,dc=fr" ldap_sasl_bind_s failed (-1) Oct 23 18:28:30 xe-ldap-slave1 slapd[1415]: do_syncrepl: rid=003 rc -1 retrying Here is the error on the master: Oct 23 18:29:30 ldap0 slapd[15265]: conn=201 fd=35 ACCEPT from IP=192.168.150.100:47690 (IP=0.0.0.0:636) Oct 23 18:29:30 ldap0 slapd[15265]: conn=201 fd=35 closed (TLS negotiation failure) I can do an ldap search on the master just fine with the user configured for synchronization from the new slave server. ldapsearch -LLL -x -H ldaps://192.168.150.99:636 -x -W -b dc=myserver,dc=fr-D"cn=syncuser,dc=myserver,dc=fr"

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  • Transparent proxying leaves sockets with SYN_RCVD in MacOS X 10.6 Snow Leopard (and maybe FreeBSD)

    - by apenwarr
    I'm trying to create a transparent proxy on my MacOS machine in order to port the sshuttle ssh-based transproxy VPN from Linux. I think I almost have it working, but sadly, almost is not 100%. Short version is this. In one window, start something that listens on port 12300: $ while :; do nc -l 12300; done Now enable proxying: # sysctl -w net.inet.ip.forwarding=1 # sysctl -w net.inet.ip.fw.enable=1 # ipfw add 1000 fwd 127.0.0.1,12300 log tcp from any to any And now test it out: $ telnet localhost 9999 # any port number will do # this works; type stuff and you'll see it in the nc window $ telnet google.com 80 # any host/port will do # this *doesn't* work! After the latter experiment, I see lines like this in netstat: $ netstat -tn | grep ^tcp4 tcp4 0 0 66.249.91.104.80 192.168.1.130.61072 SYN_RCVD tcp4 0 0 192.168.1.130.61072 66.249.91.104.80 SYN_SENT The second socket belongs to my telnet program; the first is more suspicious. SYN_RCVD implies that my SYN packet was correctly captured by the firewall and taken in by the kernel, but apparently the SYNACK was never sent back to telnet, because it's still in SYN_SENT. On the other hand, if I kill the nc server, I get this: $ telnet google.com 80 Trying 66.249.81.104... telnet: connect to address 66.249.81.104: Connection refused telnet: Unable to connect to remote host ...which is as expected: my proxy server isn't running, so ipfw redirects my connection to port 12300, which has nobody listening on it, ie. connection refused. My uname says this: $ uname -a Darwin mean.local 10.2.0 Darwin Kernel Version 10.2.0: Tue Nov 3 10:37:10 PST 2009; root:xnu-1486.2.11~1/RELEASE_I386 i386 Does anybody see any different results? (I'm especially interested in Snow Leopard vs Leopard results, as there seem to be some internet rumours that transproxy is broken in Snow Leopard version) Any advice for how to fix?

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  • My home box as my own host?

    - by Majid
    Hi all, I have a 512 kb/s DSL service at home. I do not have a static IP but I can get one if I pay some extra to my ISP. Now, if I get the static IP, can I make my home box act as my internet host? What else do I need? Thanks P.S. I know that if at all possible, the site I make available this way might be slow, that is alright, my question is if it is possible at all. Edit: I need this for very small traffic. I am a php developer and for my projects I am often asked to provide a demo. I currently use a free hosting for this purpose but it is down most of the time and support is non-existent. So I thought to set-up my home computer as my test server. With this please note that: I will only occasionally have 'visitors' and that will be one or possibly two visitors at any time. These demos, are to showcase functionality, so no big images are served and page views will normally generate under 100KB of traffic.

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  • Getting SMB file shares working over a PPTP VPN

    - by Ben Scott
    I'm having issues getting SMB file shares working over a PPTP VPN. The server setup consists of a security device (DrayTek V3300) which passes the PPTP authentication to a SBS2003 server running RRAS. The server is the DC and provides DNS and WINS, the single NIC's name server is set to 127.0.0.1, and DHCP on the DrayTek sets the server IP as the DNS. If I create a new VPN connection in Win7, leaving everything as default apart from the server, username, password and domain, I can: ping everything by IP address resolve IPs with nslookup using their fully-qualified name, as in nslookup fileserver.mydomain.local ping machines by fully-qualified name, as in ping fileserver.mydomain.local However if I try to access a file share: within Explorer, I get "Windows cannot access ..." with "Error code: 0x80004005 Unspecified Error", using net use z: \\fileserver.mydomain.local\share, I get "System error 53 has occurred. The network path was not found." If I add the machine name to my HOSTS file I can use the file share, which is my last-ditch workaround, but I have a number of VPN users and would rather a solution that doesn't involve me trying to hand-edit system files on computers half a country away. If I set the WINS server explicitly in the connection's IPv4 settings I don't have to use the FQN to ping the machine, but that doesn't change anything else.

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  • Troubleshooting wireless client-bridged networks between two DD-WRT routers?

    - by KronoS
    I recently purchased a Buffalo N600 wireless router which came with DD-WRT pre-installed. I want to take my old wireless router a Linksys WRT54GL, also with DD-WRT pre-installed, and use it as a wireless bridge for my HTPC and Blu-Ray Player in the other room. I other words, I'm trying to connect to WIRED networks via the wireless on the routers. I followed eactly the instruction from DD-WRT's manual for 'Client Bridged' however I'm still not able to connect to two routers correctly, when the encryption is enabled (WPA2-Personal Mixed) however I am able to connect the two routers when there is NO encryption. I've checked, double checked, and triple checked that EVERYTHING is the same on BOTH routers: Routers 1 & 2 Encryption: WPA2-Personal Mixed Wireless Mode: G-Only Wireless Channel: 6 Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 Subnet: 192.168.1.0/254 SSID: Krono$ Primary Router #1 (Buffalo N600) IP Address: 192.168.1.1 Firewall: Enables w/ defaults DCHP: Enabled as DHCP Server Secondary Router #2 (Linksys WRT54GL) IP Address: 192.168.1.2 Firewall: Disabled as per DD-WRT instructions I'm looking for any configurations that I may have missed, or settings that may need to happen in order for this work.

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  • Setting up a Network Bridge on Linux VM (Windows 7 Host)

    - by GrandAdmiral
    I would like to use NetEm to simulate a low bandwidth environment while testing an Internet-connected device. My plan is to setup a bridge in a Linux VM (Linux Mint 13) on a Windows 7 host. Unfortunately I'm having trouble setting up the bridge. Then I can use NetEm in the Linux VM to limit the bandwidth to an external device. I went with the following script: ifconfig eth0 0.0.0.0 promisc up ifconfig eth1 0.0.0.0 promisc up Then create the bridge and bring it up: brctl addbr br0 brctl setfd br0 0 brctl addif br0 eth0 brctl addif br0 eth1 dhclient br0 ifconfig br0 up When I run that script, I see the following warning: Rather than invoking init scripts through /etc/init.d, use the service(8) utility, e.g. service smbd reload Since the script you are attempting to invoke has been converted to an Upstart job, you may also use the reload(8) utility, e.g. reload smbd The device connecting to the bridge is able to obtain an IP Address, but it can only ping the IP Address of the bridge (both are 10.2.32.xx). Then after a few minutes, other parts of our network go down. I'm not sure why, but once I kill the bridge the network is fine. Is it possible to setup a network bridge in a Linux VM? Do I need to do something else with the dhclient br0 part of the script? By the way, I'm using VirtualBox. The wired connection is eth0 and the wireless connection is eth1. The wired connection is connecting to the device and the wireless connection is going to the network. Both adapters are set up as bridged adapters with promiscuous mode set to "allow all".

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  • Nginx > Varnish > Gunicorn Error Too many Redirections

    - by kollo
    I have the following config: Nginx Varnish Gunicorn Django I want to cache 2 versions of same site (mobile & web) with Varnish. Gunicorn : WEB: gunicorn_django --bind 127.0.0.1:8181 MOBILE: gunicorn_django --bind 127.0.0.1:8182 Nginx: WEB: server { listen 80; server_name www.mysite.com; location / { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8282; # pass to Varnish proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } } MOBILE: server { listen 80; server_name m.mysite.com; location / { proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8282; # pass to Varnish proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } } Varnish: default.vcl backend mobile_mysite { .host = "127.0.0.1"; .port = "8182"; } backend mysite { .host = "127.0.0.1"; .port = "8181"; } sub vcl_recv { if (req.http.host ~ "(?i)^(m.)?mysite.com$") { set req.http.host = "m.mysite.com"; set req.backend = mobile_mysite; }elsif (req.http.host ~ "(?i)^(www.)?mysite.com$") { set req.http.host = "mysite.com"; set req.backend = mysite; } if (req.url ~ ".*/static") { /* do not cache static content */ return (pass); } } The problem: On Nginx if I setup Mobile version with Varnish (port 8282) and let WEB version with Gunicorn( port 8181), MOBILE is cached by varnish, both WEB & MOBILE works but WEB is not cached. If I set the proxy_pass of WEB version to Varnish (port 8282) and restart Nginx I got an error when accessing web version (www.mysite.com) "Too many redirections" . I Think my problem come from the Varnish config file, as the site works well if I setup Nginx proxy_pass to Gunicorn ports (MOBILE & WEB).

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