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• rails 3, active record: any way to tell how many unique values match a "x LIKE ?" query

  - by jpwynn

  I have a query to find all the phone numbers that match a partial expression such as "ends with 234" @matchingphones = Calls.find :all, :conditions => [ "(thephonenumber LIKE ?)", "%234"] The same phone number might be in the database several times, and so might be returned multiple times by this query if it matches. What I need is to know is UNIQUE phone numbers the query returns. For example if the database contains 000-111-1234 * 000-111-3333 000-111-2234 * 000-111-1234 * 000-111-4444 the existing query will return the 3 records marked with * (eg returns one phone number -1234 twice since it's in the database twice) what I need is a query that returns just once instance of each match, in this case 000-111-1234 * 000-111-2234 *

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• Plan Caching and Query Memory Part II (Hash Match) – When not to use stored procedure - Most common performance mistake SQL Server developers make.

  - by sqlworkshops

  SQL Server estimates Memory requirement at compile time, when stored procedure or other plan caching mechanisms like sp_executesql or prepared statement are used, the memory requirement is estimated based on first set of execution parameters. This is a common reason for spill over tempdb and hence poor performance. Common memory allocating queries are that perform Sort and do Hash Match operations like Hash Join or Hash Aggregation or Hash Union. This article covers Hash Match operations with examples. It is recommended to read Plan Caching and Query Memory Part I before this article which covers an introduction and Query memory for Sort. In most cases it is cheaper to pay for the compilation cost of dynamic queries than huge cost for spill over tempdb, unless memory requirement for a query does not change significantly based on predicates.   This article covers underestimation / overestimation of memory for Hash Match operation. Plan Caching and Query Memory Part I covers underestimation / overestimation for Sort. It is important to note that underestimation of memory for Sort and Hash Match operations lead to spill over tempdb and hence negatively impact performance. Overestimation of memory affects the memory needs of other concurrently executing queries. In addition, it is important to note, with Hash Match operations, overestimation of memory can actually lead to poor performance.   To read additional articles I wrote click here.   The best way to learn is to practice. To create the below tables and reproduce the behavior, join the mailing list by using this link: www.sqlworkshops.com/ml and I will send you the table creation script. Most of these concepts are also covered in our webcasts: www.sqlworkshops.com/webcasts  Let’s create a Customer’s State table that has 99% of customers in NY and the rest 1% in WA.Customers table used in Part I of this article is also used here.To observe Hash Warning, enable 'Hash Warning' in SQL Profiler under Events 'Errors and Warnings'. --Example provided by www.sqlworkshops.com drop table CustomersState go create table CustomersState (CustomerID int primary key, Address char(200), State char(2)) go insert into CustomersState (CustomerID, Address) select CustomerID, 'Address' from Customers update CustomersState set State = 'NY' where CustomerID % 100 != 1 update CustomersState set State = 'WA' where CustomerID % 100 = 1 go update statistics CustomersState with fullscan go   Let’s create a stored procedure that joins customers with CustomersState table with a predicate on State. --Example provided by www.sqlworkshops.com create proc CustomersByState @State char(2) as begin declare @CustomerID int select @CustomerID = e.CustomerID from Customers e inner join CustomersState es on (e.CustomerID = es.CustomerID) where es.State = @State option (maxdop 1) end go  Let’s execute the stored procedure first with parameter value ‘WA’ – which will select 1% of data. set statistics time on go --Example provided by www.sqlworkshops.com exec CustomersByState 'WA' goThe stored procedure took 294 ms to complete.  The stored procedure was granted 6704 KB based on 8000 rows being estimated.  The estimated number of rows, 8000 is similar to actual number of rows 8000 and hence the memory estimation should be ok.  There was no Hash Warning in SQL Profiler. To observe Hash Warning, enable 'Hash Warning' in SQL Profiler under Events 'Errors and Warnings'.   Now let’s execute the stored procedure with parameter value ‘NY’ – which will select 99% of data. -Example provided by www.sqlworkshops.com exec CustomersByState 'NY' go  The stored procedure took 2922 ms to complete.   The stored procedure was granted 6704 KB based on 8000 rows being estimated.    The estimated number of rows, 8000 is way different from the actual number of rows 792000 because the estimation is based on the first set of parameter value supplied to the stored procedure which is ‘WA’ in our case. This underestimation will lead to spill over tempdb, resulting in poor performance.   There was Hash Warning (Recursion) in SQL Profiler. To observe Hash Warning, enable 'Hash Warning' in SQL Profiler under Events 'Errors and Warnings'.   Let’s recompile the stored procedure and then let’s first execute the stored procedure with parameter value ‘NY’.  In a production instance it is not advisable to use sp_recompile instead one should use DBCC FREEPROCCACHE (plan_handle). This is due to locking issues involved with sp_recompile, refer to our webcasts, www.sqlworkshops.com/webcasts for further details.   exec sp_recompile CustomersByState go --Example provided by www.sqlworkshops.com exec CustomersByState 'NY' go  Now the stored procedure took only 1046 ms instead of 2922 ms.   The stored procedure was granted 146752 KB of memory. The estimated number of rows, 792000 is similar to actual number of rows of 792000. Better performance of this stored procedure execution is due to better estimation of memory and avoiding spill over tempdb.   There was no Hash Warning in SQL Profiler.   Now let’s execute the stored procedure with parameter value ‘WA’. --Example provided by www.sqlworkshops.com exec CustomersByState 'WA' go  The stored procedure took 351 ms to complete, higher than the previous execution time of 294 ms.    This stored procedure was granted more memory (146752 KB) than necessary (6704 KB) based on parameter value ‘NY’ for estimation (792000 rows) instead of parameter value ‘WA’ for estimation (8000 rows). This is because the estimation is based on the first set of parameter value supplied to the stored procedure which is ‘NY’ in this case. This overestimation leads to poor performance of this Hash Match operation, it might also affect the performance of other concurrently executing queries requiring memory and hence overestimation is not recommended.     The estimated number of rows, 792000 is much more than the actual number of rows of 8000.  Intermediate Summary: This issue can be avoided by not caching the plan for memory allocating queries. Other possibility is to use recompile hint or optimize for hint to allocate memory for predefined data range.Let’s recreate the stored procedure with recompile hint. --Example provided by www.sqlworkshops.com drop proc CustomersByState go create proc CustomersByState @State char(2) as begin declare @CustomerID int select @CustomerID = e.CustomerID from Customers e inner join CustomersState es on (e.CustomerID = es.CustomerID) where es.State = @State option (maxdop 1, recompile) end go  Let’s execute the stored procedure initially with parameter value ‘WA’ and then with parameter value ‘NY’. --Example provided by www.sqlworkshops.com exec CustomersByState 'WA' go exec CustomersByState 'NY' go  The stored procedure took 297 ms and 1102 ms in line with previous optimal execution times.   The stored procedure with parameter value ‘WA’ has good estimation like before.   Estimated number of rows of 8000 is similar to actual number of rows of 8000.   The stored procedure with parameter value ‘NY’ also has good estimation and memory grant like before because the stored procedure was recompiled with current set of parameter values.  Estimated number of rows of 792000 is similar to actual number of rows of 792000.    The compilation time and compilation CPU of 1 ms is not expensive in this case compared to the performance benefit.   There was no Hash Warning in SQL Profiler.   Let’s recreate the stored procedure with optimize for hint of ‘NY’. --Example provided by www.sqlworkshops.com drop proc CustomersByState go create proc CustomersByState @State char(2) as begin declare @CustomerID int select @CustomerID = e.CustomerID from Customers e inner join CustomersState es on (e.CustomerID = es.CustomerID) where es.State = @State option (maxdop 1, optimize for (@State = 'NY')) end go  Let’s execute the stored procedure initially with parameter value ‘WA’ and then with parameter value ‘NY’. --Example provided by www.sqlworkshops.com exec CustomersByState 'WA' go exec CustomersByState 'NY' go  The stored procedure took 353 ms with parameter value ‘WA’, this is much slower than the optimal execution time of 294 ms we observed previously. This is because of overestimation of memory. The stored procedure with parameter value ‘NY’ has optimal execution time like before.   The stored procedure with parameter value ‘WA’ has overestimation of rows because of optimize for hint value of ‘NY’.   Unlike before, more memory was estimated to this stored procedure based on optimize for hint value ‘NY’.    The stored procedure with parameter value ‘NY’ has good estimation because of optimize for hint value of ‘NY’. Estimated number of rows of 792000 is similar to actual number of rows of 792000.   Optimal amount memory was estimated to this stored procedure based on optimize for hint value ‘NY’.   There was no Hash Warning in SQL Profiler.   This article covers underestimation / overestimation of memory for Hash Match operation. Plan Caching and Query Memory Part I covers underestimation / overestimation for Sort. It is important to note that underestimation of memory for Sort and Hash Match operations lead to spill over tempdb and hence negatively impact performance. Overestimation of memory affects the memory needs of other concurrently executing queries. In addition, it is important to note, with Hash Match operations, overestimation of memory can actually lead to poor performance.   Summary: Cached plan might lead to underestimation or overestimation of memory because the memory is estimated based on first set of execution parameters. It is recommended not to cache the plan if the amount of memory required to execute the stored procedure has a wide range of possibilities. One can mitigate this by using recompile hint, but that will lead to compilation overhead. However, in most cases it might be ok to pay for compilation rather than spilling sort over tempdb which could be very expensive compared to compilation cost. The other possibility is to use optimize for hint, but in case one sorts more data than hinted by optimize for hint, this will still lead to spill. On the other side there is also the possibility of overestimation leading to unnecessary memory issues for other concurrently executing queries. In case of Hash Match operations, this overestimation of memory might lead to poor performance. When the values used in optimize for hint are archived from the database, the estimation will be wrong leading to worst performance, so one has to exercise caution before using optimize for hint, recompile hint is better in this case.   I explain these concepts with detailed examples in my webcasts (www.sqlworkshops.com/webcasts), I recommend you to watch them. The best way to learn is to practice. To create the above tables and reproduce the behavior, join the mailing list at www.sqlworkshops.com/ml and I will send you the relevant SQL Scripts.  Register for the upcoming 3 Day Level 400 Microsoft SQL Server 2008 and SQL Server 2005 Performance Monitoring & Tuning Hands-on Workshop in London, United Kingdom during March 15-17, 2011, click here to register / Microsoft UK TechNet.These are hands-on workshops with a maximum of 12 participants and not lectures. For consulting engagements click here.   Disclaimer and copyright information:This article refers to organizations and products that may be the trademarks or registered trademarks of their various owners. Copyright of this article belongs to R Meyyappan / www.sqlworkshops.com. You may freely use the ideas and concepts discussed in this article with acknowledgement (www.sqlworkshops.com), but you may not claim any of it as your own work. This article is for informational purposes only; you use any of the suggestions given here entirely at your own risk.   R Meyyappan [email protected] LinkedIn: http://at.linkedin.com/in/rmeyyappan

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• JPA 2 and Hibernate 3.5.1 MEMBER OF query doesnt work.

  - by Ed_Zero

  I'm trying the following JPQL and it fails misserably: Query query = em.createQuery("SELECT u FROM User u WHERE 'admin' MEMBER OF u.roles"); List users = query.query.getResultList(); I get the following exception: ERROR [main] PARSER.error(454) | <AST>:0:0: unexpected end of subtree java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: org.hibernate.hql.ast.QuerySyntaxException: unexpected end of subtree [SELECT u FROM com.online.data.User u WHERE 'admin' MEMBER OF u.roles] ERROR [main] PARSER.error(454) | <AST>:0:0: expecting "from", found '<ASTNULL>' ... ... Caused by: org.hibernate.hql.ast.QuerySyntaxException: unexpected end of subtree [SELECT u FROM com.online.data.User u WHERE 'admin' MEMBER OF u.roles] I have Spring 3.0.1.RELEASE, Hibernate 3.5.1-Final and maven to glue dependencies. User class: @Entity public class User { @Id @Column(name = "USER_ID") @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) private long id; @Column(unique = true, nullable = false) private String username; private boolean enabled; @ElementCollection private Set<String> roles = new HashSet<String>(); ... } Spring configuration: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd"> <!-- Reading annotation driven configuration --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" /> <bean class="org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" /> <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor" /> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" /> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" /> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" /> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> <property name="maxActive" value="100" /> <property name="maxWait" value="1000" /> <property name="poolPreparedStatements" value="true" /> <property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="true" /> </bean> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"> <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" /> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <property name="jpaVendorAdapter"> <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"> <property name="showSql" value="true" /> <property name="databasePlatform" value="${hibernate.dialect}" /> </bean> </property> <property name="loadTimeWeaver"> <bean class="org.springframework.instrument.classloading.InstrumentationLoadTimeWeaver" /> </property> <property name="jpaProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> <prop key="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</prop> <prop key="hibernate.cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.NoCacheProvider</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">false</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_comments">true</prop> </props> </property> <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="punit" /> </bean> <bean id="JpaTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTemplate"> <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory" /> </bean> </beans> Persistence.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"> <persistence-unit name="punit" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL" /> </persistence> pom.xml maven dependencies. <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.version}</version> <type>pom</type> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-annotations</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId> <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId> <version>1.2.2</version> <type>jar</type> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-taglibs</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId> <artifactId>spring-security-acl</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>javax.annotation</groupId> <artifactId>jsr250-api</artifactId> <version>1.0</version> </dependency> <properties> <!-- Application settings --> <spring.version>3.0.1.RELEASE</spring.version> <hibernate.version>3.5.1-Final</hibernate.version> Im running a unit test to check the configuration and I am able to run other JPQL queries the only ones that I am unable to run are the IS EMPTY, MEMBER OF conditions. The complete unit test is as follows: TestIntegration @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(locations = { "/spring/dataLayer.xml"}) @Transactional @TransactionConfiguration public class TestUserDaoImplIntegration { @PersistenceContext private EntityManager em; @Test public void shouldTest() throws Exception { try { //WORKS Query query = em.createQuery("SELECT u FROM User u WHERE 'admin' in elements(u.roles)"); List users = query.query.getResultList(); //DOES NOT WORK } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); throw e; } try { Query query = em.createQuery("SELECT u FROM User u WHERE 'admin' MEMBER OF u.roles"); List users = query.query.getResultList(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); throw e; } } }

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• How to connect a new query script with SSMS add-in?

  - by squillman

  I'm trying to create a SSMS add-in. One of the things I want to do is to create a new query window and programatically connect it to a server instance (in the context of a SQL Login). I can create the new query script window just fine but I can't find how to connect it without first manually connecting to something else (like the Object Explorer). So in other words, if I connect Obect Explorer to a SQL instance manually and then execute the method of my add-in that creates the query window I can connect it using this code: ServiceCache.ScriptFactory.CreateNewBlankScript( Editors.ScriptType.Sql, ServiceCache.ScriptFactory.CurrentlyActiveWndConnectionInfo.UIConnectionInfo, null); But I don't want to rely on CurrentlyActiveWndConnectionInfo.UIConnectionInfo for the connection. I want to set a SQL Login username and password programatically. Does anyone have any ideas? EDIT: I've managed to get the query window connected by setting the last parameter to an instance of System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection. However, the connection uses the context of the last login that was connected instead of what I'm trying to set programatically. That is, the user it connects as is the one selected in the Connection Dialog that you get when you click the New Query button and don't have an Object Explorer connected. EDIT2: I'm writing (or hoping to write) an add-in to automatically send a SQL statement and the execution results to our case-tracking system when run against our production servers. One thought I had was to remove write permissions and assign logins through this add-in which will also force the user to enter a case # canceling the statement if it's not there. Another thought I've just had is to inspect the server name in ServiceCache.ScriptFactory.CurrentlyActiveWndConnectionInfo.UIConnectionInfo and compare it to our list of production servers. If it matches and there's no case # then cancel the query.

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• How do you compare using .NET types in an NHibernate ICriteria query for an ICompositeUserType?

  - by gabe

  I have an answered StackOverflow question about how to combine to legacy CHAR database date and time fields into one .NET DateTime property in my POCO here (thanks much Berryl!). Now i am trying to get a custom ICritera query to work against that very DateTime property to no avail. here's my query: ICriteria criteria = Session.CreateCriteria<InputFileLog>() .Add(Expression.Gt(MembersOf<InputFileLog>.GetName(x => x.FileCreationDateTime), DateTime.Now.AddDays(-14))) .AddOrder(Order.Desc(Projections.Id())) .CreateCriteria(typeof(InputFile).Name) .Add(Expression.Eq(MembersOf<InputFile>.GetName(x => x.Id), inputFileName)); IList<InputFileLog> list = criteria.List<InputFileLog>(); And here's the query it's generating: SELECT this_.input_file_token as input1_9_2_, this_.file_creation_date as file2_9_2_, this_.file_creation_time as file3_9_2_, this_.approval_ind as approval4_9_2_, this_.file_id as file5_9_2_, this_.process_name as process6_9_2_, this_.process_status as process7_9_2_, this_.input_file_name as input8_9_2_, gonogo3_.input_file_token as input1_6_0_, gonogo3_.go_nogo_ind as go2_6_0_, inputfile1_.input_file_name as input1_3_1_, inputfile1_.src_code as src2_3_1_, inputfile1_.process_cat_code as process3_3_1_ FROM input_file_log this_ left outer join go_nogo gonogo3_ on this_.input_file_token=gonogo3_.input_file_token inner join input_file inputfile1_ on this_.input_file_name=inputfile1_.input_file_name WHERE this_.file_creation_date > :p0 and this_.file_creation_time > :p1 and inputfile1_.input_file_name = :p2 ORDER BY this_.input_file_token desc; :p0 = '20100401', :p1 = '15:15:27', :p2 = 'LMCONV_JR' The query is exactly what i would expect, actually, except it doesn't actually give me what i want (all the rows in the last 2 weeks) because in the DB it's doing a greater than comparison using CHARs instead of DATEs. I have no idea how to get the query to convert the CHAR values into a DATE in the query without doing a CreateSQLQuery(), which I would like to avoid. Anyone know how to do this?

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• Plan Caching and Query Memory Part I – When not to use stored procedure or other plan caching mechanisms like sp_executesql or prepared statement

  - by sqlworkshops

    The most common performance mistake SQL Server developers make: SQL Server estimates memory requirement for queries at compilation time. This mechanism is fine for dynamic queries that need memory, but not for queries that cache the plan. With dynamic queries the plan is not reused for different set of parameters values / predicates and hence different amount of memory can be estimated based on different set of parameter values / predicates. Common memory allocating queries are that perform Sort and do Hash Match operations like Hash Join or Hash Aggregation or Hash Union. This article covers Sort with examples. It is recommended to read Plan Caching and Query Memory Part II after this article which covers Hash Match operations.   When the plan is cached by using stored procedure or other plan caching mechanisms like sp_executesql or prepared statement, SQL Server estimates memory requirement based on first set of execution parameters. Later when the same stored procedure is called with different set of parameter values, the same amount of memory is used to execute the stored procedure. This might lead to underestimation / overestimation of memory on plan reuse, overestimation of memory might not be a noticeable issue for Sort operations, but underestimation of memory will lead to spill over tempdb resulting in poor performance.   This article covers underestimation / overestimation of memory for Sort. Plan Caching and Query Memory Part II covers underestimation / overestimation for Hash Match operation. It is important to note that underestimation of memory for Sort and Hash Match operations lead to spill over tempdb and hence negatively impact performance. Overestimation of memory affects the memory needs of other concurrently executing queries. In addition, it is important to note, with Hash Match operations, overestimation of memory can actually lead to poor performance.   To read additional articles I wrote click here.   In most cases it is cheaper to pay for the compilation cost of dynamic queries than huge cost for spill over tempdb, unless memory requirement for a stored procedure does not change significantly based on predicates.   The best way to learn is to practice. To create the below tables and reproduce the behavior, join the mailing list by using this link: www.sqlworkshops.com/ml and I will send you the table creation script. Most of these concepts are also covered in our webcasts: www.sqlworkshops.com/webcasts   Enough theory, let’s see an example where we sort initially 1 month of data and then use the stored procedure to sort 6 months of data.   Let’s create a stored procedure that sorts customers by name within certain date range.   --Example provided by www.sqlworkshops.com create proc CustomersByCreationDate @CreationDateFrom datetime, @CreationDateTo datetime as begin       declare @CustomerID int, @CustomerName varchar(48), @CreationDate datetime       select @CustomerName = c.CustomerName, @CreationDate = c.CreationDate from Customers c             where c.CreationDate between @CreationDateFrom and @CreationDateTo             order by c.CustomerName       option (maxdop 1)       end go Let’s execute the stored procedure initially with 1 month date range.   set statistics time on go --Example provided by www.sqlworkshops.com exec CustomersByCreationDate '2001-01-01', '2001-01-31' go The stored procedure took 48 ms to complete.     The stored procedure was granted 6656 KB based on 43199.9 rows being estimated.       The estimated number of rows, 43199.9 is similar to actual number of rows 43200 and hence the memory estimation should be ok.       There was no Sort Warnings in SQL Profiler.      Now let’s execute the stored procedure with 6 month date range. --Example provided by www.sqlworkshops.com exec CustomersByCreationDate '2001-01-01', '2001-06-30' go The stored procedure took 679 ms to complete.      The stored procedure was granted 6656 KB based on 43199.9 rows being estimated.      The estimated number of rows, 43199.9 is way different from the actual number of rows 259200 because the estimation is based on the first set of parameter value supplied to the stored procedure which is 1 month in our case. This underestimation will lead to sort spill over tempdb, resulting in poor performance.      There was Sort Warnings in SQL Profiler.    To monitor the amount of data written and read from tempdb, one can execute select num_of_bytes_written, num_of_bytes_read from sys.dm_io_virtual_file_stats(2, NULL) before and after the stored procedure execution, for additional information refer to the webcast: www.sqlworkshops.com/webcasts.     Let’s recompile the stored procedure and then let’s first execute the stored procedure with 6 month date range.  In a production instance it is not advisable to use sp_recompile instead one should use DBCC FREEPROCCACHE (plan_handle). This is due to locking issues involved with sp_recompile, refer to our webcasts for further details.   exec sp_recompile CustomersByCreationDate go --Example provided by www.sqlworkshops.com exec CustomersByCreationDate '2001-01-01', '2001-06-30' go Now the stored procedure took only 294 ms instead of 679 ms.    The stored procedure was granted 26832 KB of memory.      The estimated number of rows, 259200 is similar to actual number of rows of 259200. Better performance of this stored procedure is due to better estimation of memory and avoiding sort spill over tempdb.      There was no Sort Warnings in SQL Profiler.       Now let’s execute the stored procedure with 1 month date range.   --Example provided by www.sqlworkshops.com exec CustomersByCreationDate '2001-01-01', '2001-01-31' go The stored procedure took 49 ms to complete, similar to our very first stored procedure execution.     This stored procedure was granted more memory (26832 KB) than necessary memory (6656 KB) based on 6 months of data estimation (259200 rows) instead of 1 month of data estimation (43199.9 rows). This is because the estimation is based on the first set of parameter value supplied to the stored procedure which is 6 months in this case. This overestimation did not affect performance, but it might affect performance of other concurrent queries requiring memory and hence overestimation is not recommended. This overestimation might affect performance Hash Match operations, refer to article Plan Caching and Query Memory Part II for further details.    Let’s recompile the stored procedure and then let’s first execute the stored procedure with 2 day date range. exec sp_recompile CustomersByCreationDate go --Example provided by www.sqlworkshops.com exec CustomersByCreationDate '2001-01-01', '2001-01-02' go The stored procedure took 1 ms.      The stored procedure was granted 1024 KB based on 1440 rows being estimated.      There was no Sort Warnings in SQL Profiler.      Now let’s execute the stored procedure with 6 month date range. --Example provided by www.sqlworkshops.com exec CustomersByCreationDate '2001-01-01', '2001-06-30' go   The stored procedure took 955 ms to complete, way higher than 679 ms or 294ms we noticed before.      The stored procedure was granted 1024 KB based on 1440 rows being estimated. But we noticed in the past this stored procedure with 6 month date range needed 26832 KB of memory to execute optimally without spill over tempdb. This is clear underestimation of memory and the reason for the very poor performance.      There was Sort Warnings in SQL Profiler. Unlike before this was a Multiple pass sort instead of Single pass sort. This occurs when granted memory is too low.      Intermediate Summary: This issue can be avoided by not caching the plan for memory allocating queries. Other possibility is to use recompile hint or optimize for hint to allocate memory for predefined date range.   Let’s recreate the stored procedure with recompile hint. --Example provided by www.sqlworkshops.com drop proc CustomersByCreationDate go create proc CustomersByCreationDate @CreationDateFrom datetime, @CreationDateTo datetime as begin       declare @CustomerID int, @CustomerName varchar(48), @CreationDate datetime       select @CustomerName = c.CustomerName, @CreationDate = c.CreationDate from Customers c             where c.CreationDate between @CreationDateFrom and @CreationDateTo             order by c.CustomerName       option (maxdop 1, recompile)       end go Let’s execute the stored procedure initially with 1 month date range and then with 6 month date range. --Example provided by www.sqlworkshops.com exec CustomersByCreationDate '2001-01-01', '2001-01-30' exec CustomersByCreationDate '2001-01-01', '2001-06-30' go The stored procedure took 48ms and 291 ms in line with previous optimal execution times.      The stored procedure with 1 month date range has good estimation like before.      The stored procedure with 6 month date range also has good estimation and memory grant like before because the query was recompiled with current set of parameter values.      The compilation time and compilation CPU of 1 ms is not expensive in this case compared to the performance benefit.     Let’s recreate the stored procedure with optimize for hint of 6 month date range.   --Example provided by www.sqlworkshops.com drop proc CustomersByCreationDate go create proc CustomersByCreationDate @CreationDateFrom datetime, @CreationDateTo datetime as begin       declare @CustomerID int, @CustomerName varchar(48), @CreationDate datetime       select @CustomerName = c.CustomerName, @CreationDate = c.CreationDate from Customers c             where c.CreationDate between @CreationDateFrom and @CreationDateTo             order by c.CustomerName       option (maxdop 1, optimize for (@CreationDateFrom = '2001-01-01', @CreationDateTo ='2001-06-30'))       end go Let’s execute the stored procedure initially with 1 month date range and then with 6 month date range.   --Example provided by www.sqlworkshops.com exec CustomersByCreationDate '2001-01-01', '2001-01-30' exec CustomersByCreationDate '2001-01-01', '2001-06-30' go The stored procedure took 48ms and 291 ms in line with previous optimal execution times.    The stored procedure with 1 month date range has overestimation of rows and memory. This is because we provided hint to optimize for 6 months of data.      The stored procedure with 6 month date range has good estimation and memory grant because we provided hint to optimize for 6 months of data.       Let’s execute the stored procedure with 12 month date range using the currently cashed plan for 6 month date range. --Example provided by www.sqlworkshops.com exec CustomersByCreationDate '2001-01-01', '2001-12-31' go The stored procedure took 1138 ms to complete.      2592000 rows were estimated based on optimize for hint value for 6 month date range. Actual number of rows is 524160 due to 12 month date range.      The stored procedure was granted enough memory to sort 6 month date range and not 12 month date range, so there will be spill over tempdb.      There was Sort Warnings in SQL Profiler.      As we see above, optimize for hint cannot guarantee enough memory and optimal performance compared to recompile hint.   This article covers underestimation / overestimation of memory for Sort. Plan Caching and Query Memory Part II covers underestimation / overestimation for Hash Match operation. It is important to note that underestimation of memory for Sort and Hash Match operations lead to spill over tempdb and hence negatively impact performance. Overestimation of memory affects the memory needs of other concurrently executing queries. In addition, it is important to note, with Hash Match operations, overestimation of memory can actually lead to poor performance.   Summary: Cached plan might lead to underestimation or overestimation of memory because the memory is estimated based on first set of execution parameters. It is recommended not to cache the plan if the amount of memory required to execute the stored procedure has a wide range of possibilities. One can mitigate this by using recompile hint, but that will lead to compilation overhead. However, in most cases it might be ok to pay for compilation rather than spilling sort over tempdb which could be very expensive compared to compilation cost. The other possibility is to use optimize for hint, but in case one sorts more data than hinted by optimize for hint, this will still lead to spill. On the other side there is also the possibility of overestimation leading to unnecessary memory issues for other concurrently executing queries. In case of Hash Match operations, this overestimation of memory might lead to poor performance. When the values used in optimize for hint are archived from the database, the estimation will be wrong leading to worst performance, so one has to exercise caution before using optimize for hint, recompile hint is better in this case. I explain these concepts with detailed examples in my webcasts (www.sqlworkshops.com/webcasts), I recommend you to watch them. The best way to learn is to practice. To create the above tables and reproduce the behavior, join the mailing list at www.sqlworkshops.com/ml and I will send you the relevant SQL Scripts.     Register for the upcoming 3 Day Level 400 Microsoft SQL Server 2008 and SQL Server 2005 Performance Monitoring & Tuning Hands-on Workshop in London, United Kingdom during March 15-17, 2011, click here to register / Microsoft UK TechNet.These are hands-on workshops with a maximum of 12 participants and not lectures. For consulting engagements click here.     Disclaimer and copyright information:This article refers to organizations and products that may be the trademarks or registered trademarks of their various owners. Copyright of this article belongs to R Meyyappan / www.sqlworkshops.com. You may freely use the ideas and concepts discussed in this article with acknowledgement (www.sqlworkshops.com), but you may not claim any of it as your own work. This article is for informational purposes only; you use any of the suggestions given here entirely at your own risk.   R Meyyappan [email protected] LinkedIn: http://at.linkedin.com/in/rmeyyappan

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• My experience working with Teradata SQL Assistant

  - by Kevin Shyr

  Originally posted on: http://geekswithblogs.net/LifeLongTechie/archive/2014/05/28/my-experience-working-with-teradata-sql-assistant.aspx To this date, I still haven't figure out how to "toggle" between my query windows. It seems like unless I click on that "new" button on top, whatever SQL I generate from right-click just overrides the current SQL in the window. I'm probably missing a "generate new sql in new window" setting The default Teradata SQL Assistant doesn't execute just the SQL query I highlighted. There is a setting I have to change first. I'm not really happy that the SQL assistant and SQL admin are different app. Still trying to get used to the fact that I can't quickly look up a table's keys/relationships while writing query. I have to switch between windows. LOVE the execution plan / explanation. I think that part is better done than MS SQL in some ways. The error messages can be better. I feel that Teradata .NET provider sends smaller query command over than others. I don't have any hard data to support my claim. One of my query in SSRS was passing multi-valued parameters to another query, and got error "Teradata 3577 row size or sort key size overflow". The search on this error says the solution is to cast result column into smaller data type, but I found that the problem was that the parameter passed into the where clause could not be too large. I wish Teradata SQL Assistant would remember the window size I just adjusted to. Every time I execute the query, the result set, query, and exec log auto re-adjust back to the default size. In SSMS, if I adjust the result set area to be smaller, it would stay like that if I execute query in the same window.

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• Write DAX queries in Report Builder #ssrs #dax #ssas #tabular

  - by Marco Russo (SQLBI)

  If you use Report Builder with Reporting Services, you can use DAX queries even if the editor for Analysis Services provider does not support DAX syntax. In fact, the DMX editor that you can use in Visual Studio editor of Reporting Services (see a previous post on that), is not available in Report Builder. However, as Sagar Salvi commented in this Microsoft Connect entry, you can use the DAX query text in the query of a Dataset by using the OLE DB provider instead of the Analysis Services one. I think it’s a good idea to show the steps required. First, create a DataSet using the OLE DB connection type, and provide the connection string the provider (Provider), the server name (Data Source) and the database name (Initial Catalog), such as: Provider=MSOLAP;Data Source=SERVERNAME\\TABULAR;Initial Catalog=AdventureWorks Tabular Model SQL 2012 Then, create a Dataset using the data source previously defined, select the Text query type, and write the DAX code in the Query pane: You can also use the Query Designer window, that doesn’t provide any particular help in writing the DAX query, but at least can show a preview of the result of the query execution. I hope DAX will get better editors in the future… in the meantime, remember you can use DAX Studio to write and test your DAX queries, and DAX Formatter to improve their readability!If you want to learn the DAX Query Language, I suggest you watching my video Data Analysis Expressions as a Query Language on Project Botticelli!

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• Fingerprint of PEM ssh key

  - by Unknown

  I have a PEM file which I add to a running ssh-agent: $ file query.pem query.pem: PEM RSA private key $ ssh-add ./query.pem Identity added: ./query.pem (./query.pem) $ ssh-add -l | grep query 2048 ef:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX ./query.pem (RSA) My question is how I can get the key fingerprint I see in ssh-agent directly from the file. I know ssh-keygen -l -f some_key works for "normal" ssh keys, but not for PEM files. If I try ssh-keygen on the .pem file, I get: $ ssh-keygen -l -f ./query.pem key_read: uudecode PRIVATE KEY----- failed key_read: uudecode PRIVATE KEY----- failed ./query.pem is not a public key file. This key starts with: -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY----- MIIEp.... etc. as opposed to a "regular" private key, which looks like: -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY----- Proc-Type: 4,ENCRYPTED DEK-Info: AES-128-CBC,E15F2.... etc.

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• Write DAX queries in Report Builder #ssrs #dax #ssas #tabular

  - by Marco Russo (SQLBI)

  If you use Report Builder with Reporting Services, you can use DAX queries even if the editor for Analysis Services provider does not support DAX syntax. In fact, the DMX editor that you can use in Visual Studio editor of Reporting Services (see a previous post on that), is not available in Report Builder. However, as Sagar Salvi commented in this Microsoft Connect entry, you can use the DAX query text in the query of a Dataset by using the OLE DB provider instead of the Analysis Services one. I think it’s a good idea to show the steps required. First, create a DataSet using the OLE DB connection type, and provide the connection string the provider (Provider), the server name (Data Source) and the database name (Initial Catalog), such as: Provider=MSOLAP;Data Source=SERVERNAME\\TABULAR;Initial Catalog=AdventureWorks Tabular Model SQL 2012 Then, create a Dataset using the data source previously defined, select the Text query type, and write the DAX code in the Query pane: You can also use the Query Designer window, that doesn’t provide any particular help in writing the DAX query, but at least can show a preview of the result of the query execution. I hope DAX will get better editors in the future… in the meantime, remember you can use DAX Studio to write and test your DAX queries, and DAX Formatter to improve their readability!If you want to learn the DAX Query Language, I suggest you watching my video Data Analysis Expressions as a Query Language on Project Botticelli!

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• One of my most frequently used commands

  - by Kevin Smith

  On a Linux or UNIX server this is one of my most frequently used commands. find . -name "*.htm" -exec grep -iH "alter session" {} \; It is an easy way to find a string you know is in a group of files, but don't know or can't remember which file it is in. For the example above, I knew that WebCenter Content sends a bunch of alter session commands to the database when it opens a new database connection. I wanted to find where these were defined and what all the alter session commands were. So, I ran these commands: cd /opt/oracle/middleware/Oracle_ECM1/ucm/idc/resources/core find . -name "*.htm" -exec grep -iH "alter session" {} \; And the results were: ./tables/query.htm: ALTER SESSION SET optimizer_mode = ?./tables/query.htm: ALTER SESSION SET NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS = ?./tables/query.htm: ALTER SESSION SET NLS_SORT = ?./tables/query.htm: ALTER SESSION SET NLS_COMP = ?./tables/query.htm: ALTER SESSION SET CURSOR_SHARING = ?./tables/query.htm: ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '30579 trace name context forever, level 2'./tables/query.htm: ALTER SESSION SET NLS_DATE_FORMAT = ?./tables/query.htm: alter session set events '30579 trace name context forever, level 2' I could then go edit the query.htm file and find the include that contained all the ALTER SESSION commands.

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• How to 301 redirect from old query string urls to CakePHP Canonical urls?

  - by Daniel Bingham

  I currently have a .htaccess file that looks like this: RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^action=view&item=([0-9]+)$ RewriteRule ^index\.php$ /index.php?url=item/%1 [R=301] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php?url=$1 [QSA,L] It is meant to 301 redirect my old query string based URLs to new CakePHP urls. This will successfully send users to the correct page. However, Google doesn't seem to like it (see below). I previously tried doing this: RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} ^action=view&item=([0-9]+)$ RewriteRule ^index\.php$ /item/%1 [R=301] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteRule ^(.*)$ index.php?url=$1 [QSA,L] But that fails. The second rewrite rule doesn't seem to catch the rewritten URL. It goes straight through. Using the first version wouldn't be a problem, except that I suspect that is what is choking up Google. It hasn't indexed my sitemap full of the new URLs. My old sitemap had been fully indexed and all the URLs are in Google's index. But it isn't following the redirects from the old URLs to the new. I have a 'not followed' error for every one of the query urls that was in my old sitemap. Am I properly using a 301 redirect here? Is it the weird rewrite rule? What can I do to send both Google and users to the proper page and save my page rank?

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• Generalise variable usage inside code

  - by Shirish11

  I would like to know if it is a good practice to generalize variables (use single variable to store all the values). Consider simple example Strings querycre,queryins,queryup,querydel; querycre = 'Create table XYZ ...'; execute querycre ; queryins = 'Insert into XYZ ...'; execute queryins ; queryup = 'Update XYZ set ...'; execute queryup; querydel = 'Delete from XYZ ...'; execute querydel ; and Strings query; query= 'Create table XYZ ... '; execute query ; query= 'Insert into XYZ ...'; execute query ; query= 'Update XYZ set ...'; execute query ; query= 'Delete from XYZ ...'; execute query ; In first case I use 4 strings each storing data to perform the actions mentioned in their suffixes. In second case just 1 variable to store all kinds the data. Having different variables makes it easier for someone else to read and understand it better. But having too many of them makes it difficult to manage. Also does having too many variables hamper my performance?

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• How to choose between Tell don't Ask and Command Query Separation?

  - by Dakotah North

  The principle Tell Don't Ask says: you should endeavor to tell objects what you want them to do; do not ask them questions about their state, make a decision, and then tell them what to do. The problem is that, as the caller, you should not be making decisions based on the state of the called object that result in you then changing the state of the object. The logic you are implementing is probably the called object’s responsibility, not yours. For you to make decisions outside the object violates its encapsulation. A simple example of "Tell, don't Ask" is Widget w = ...; if (w.getParent() != null) { Panel parent = w.getParent(); parent.remove(w); } and the tell version is ... Widget w = ...; w.removeFromParent(); But what if I need to know the result from the removeFromParent method? My first reaction was just to change the removeFromParent to return a boolean denoting if the parent was removed or not. But then I came across Command Query Separation Pattern which says NOT to do this. It states that every method should either be a command that performs an action, or a query that returns data to the caller, but not both. In other words, asking a question should not change the answer. More formally, methods should return a value only if they are referentially transparent and hence possess no side effects. Are these two really at odds with each other and how do I choose between the two? Do I go with the Pragmatic Programmer or Bertrand Meyer on this?

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• IXmlSerializable Dictionary

  - by Shimmy

  I was trying to create a generic Dictionary that implements IXmlSerializable. Here is my trial: Sub Main() Dim z As New SerializableDictionary(Of String, String) z.Add("asdf", "asd") Console.WriteLine(z.Serialize) End Sub Result: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?><Entry key="asdf" value="asd" /> I placed a breakpoint on top of the WriteXml method and I see that when it stops, the writer contains no data at all, and IMHO it should contain the root element and the xml declaration. <Serializable()> _ Public Class SerializableDictionary(Of TKey, TValue) : Inherits Dictionary(Of TKey, TValue) : Implements IXmlSerializable Private Const EntryString As String = "Entry" Private Const KeyString As String = "key" Private Const ValueString As String = "value" Private Shared ReadOnly AttributableTypes As Type() = New Type() {GetType(Boolean), GetType(Byte), GetType(Char), GetType(DateTime), GetType(Decimal), GetType(Double), GetType([Enum]), GetType(Guid), GetType(Int16), GetType(Int32), GetType(Int64), GetType(SByte), GetType(Single), GetType(String), GetType(TimeSpan), GetType(UInt16), GetType(UInt32), GetType(UInt64)} Private Shared ReadOnly GetIsAttributable As Predicate(Of Type) = Function(t) AttributableTypes.Contains(t) Private Shared ReadOnly IsKeyAttributable As Boolean = GetIsAttributable(GetType(TKey)) Private Shared ReadOnly IsValueAttributable As Boolean = GetIsAttributable(GetType(TValue)) Private Shared ReadOnly GetElementName As Func(Of Boolean, String) = Function(isKey) If(isKey, KeyString, ValueString) Public Function GetSchema() As System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchema Implements System.Xml.Serialization.IXmlSerializable.GetSchema Return Nothing End Function Public Sub WriteXml(ByVal writer As XmlWriter) Implements IXmlSerializable.WriteXml For Each entry In Me writer.WriteStartElement(EntryString) WriteData(IsKeyAttributable, writer, True, entry.Key) WriteData(IsValueAttributable, writer, False, entry.Value) writer.WriteEndElement() Next End Sub Private Sub WriteData(Of T)(ByVal attributable As Boolean, ByVal writer As XmlWriter, ByVal isKey As Boolean, ByVal value As T) Dim name = GetElementName(isKey) If attributable Then writer.WriteAttributeString(name, value.ToString) Else Dim serializer As New XmlSerializer(GetType(T)) writer.WriteStartElement(name) serializer.Serialize(writer, value) writer.WriteEndElement() End If End Sub Public Sub ReadXml(ByVal reader As XmlReader) Implements IXmlSerializable.ReadXml Dim empty = reader.IsEmptyElement reader.Read() If empty Then Exit Sub Clear() While reader.NodeType <> XmlNodeType.EndElement While reader.NodeType = XmlNodeType.Whitespace reader.Read() Dim key = ReadData(Of TKey)(IsKeyAttributable, reader, True) Dim value = ReadData(Of TValue)(IsValueAttributable, reader, False) Add(key, value) If Not IsKeyAttributable AndAlso Not IsValueAttributable Then reader.ReadEndElement() Else reader.Read() While reader.NodeType = XmlNodeType.Whitespace reader.Read() End While End While reader.ReadEndElement() End While End Sub Private Function ReadData(Of T)(ByVal attributable As Boolean, ByVal reader As XmlReader, ByVal isKey As Boolean) As T Dim name = GetElementName(isKey) Dim type = GetType(T) If attributable Then Return Convert.ChangeType(reader.GetAttribute(name), type) Else Dim serializer As New XmlSerializer(type) While reader.Name <> name reader.Read() End While reader.ReadStartElement(name) Dim value = serializer.Deserialize(reader) reader.ReadEndElement() Return value End If End Function Public Shared Function Serialize(ByVal dictionary As SerializableDictionary(Of TKey, TValue)) As String Dim sb As New StringBuilder(1024) Dim sw As New StringWriter(sb) Dim xs As New XmlSerializer(GetType(SerializableDictionary(Of TKey, TValue))) xs.Serialize(sw, dictionary) sw.Dispose() Return sb.ToString End Function Public Shared Function Deserialize(ByVal xml As String) As SerializableDictionary(Of TKey, TValue) Dim xs As New XmlSerializer(GetType(SerializableDictionary(Of TKey, TValue))) Dim xr As New XmlTextReader(xml, XmlNodeType.Document, Nothing) Return xs.Deserialize(xr) xr.Close() End Function Public Function Serialize() As String Dim sb As New StringBuilder Dim xw = XmlWriter.Create(sb) WriteXml(xw) xw.Close() Return sb.ToString End Function Public Sub Parse(ByVal xml As String) Dim xr As New XmlTextReader(xml, XmlNodeType.Document, Nothing) ReadXml(xr) xr.Close() End Sub End Class

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• IXmlSerializable Dictionary problem

  - by Shimmy

  I was trying to create a generic Dictionary that implements IXmlSerializable. Here is my trial: Sub Main() Dim z As New SerializableDictionary(Of String, String) z.Add("asdf", "asd") Console.WriteLine(z.Serialize) End Sub Result: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?><Entry key="asdf" value="asd" /> I placed a breakpoint on top of the WriteXml method and I see that when it stops, the writer contains no data at all, and IMHO it should contain the root element and the xml declaration. <Serializable()> _ Public Class SerializableDictionary(Of TKey, TValue) : Inherits Dictionary(Of TKey, TValue) : Implements IXmlSerializable Private Const EntryString As String = "Entry" Private Const KeyString As String = "key" Private Const ValueString As String = "value" Private Shared ReadOnly AttributableTypes As Type() = New Type() {GetType(Boolean), GetType(Byte), GetType(Char), GetType(DateTime), GetType(Decimal), GetType(Double), GetType([Enum]), GetType(Guid), GetType(Int16), GetType(Int32), GetType(Int64), GetType(SByte), GetType(Single), GetType(String), GetType(TimeSpan), GetType(UInt16), GetType(UInt32), GetType(UInt64)} Private Shared ReadOnly GetIsAttributable As Predicate(Of Type) = Function(t) AttributableTypes.Contains(t) Private Shared ReadOnly IsKeyAttributable As Boolean = GetIsAttributable(GetType(TKey)) Private Shared ReadOnly IsValueAttributable As Boolean = GetIsAttributable(GetType(TValue)) Private Shared ReadOnly GetElementName As Func(Of Boolean, String) = Function(isKey) If(isKey, KeyString, ValueString) Public Function GetSchema() As System.Xml.Schema.XmlSchema Implements System.Xml.Serialization.IXmlSerializable.GetSchema Return Nothing End Function Public Sub WriteXml(ByVal writer As XmlWriter) Implements IXmlSerializable.WriteXml For Each entry In Me writer.WriteStartElement(EntryString) WriteData(IsKeyAttributable, writer, True, entry.Key) WriteData(IsValueAttributable, writer, False, entry.Value) writer.WriteEndElement() Next End Sub Private Sub WriteData(Of T)(ByVal attributable As Boolean, ByVal writer As XmlWriter, ByVal isKey As Boolean, ByVal value As T) Dim name = GetElementName(isKey) If attributable Then writer.WriteAttributeString(name, value.ToString) Else Dim serializer As New XmlSerializer(GetType(T)) writer.WriteStartElement(name) serializer.Serialize(writer, value) writer.WriteEndElement() End If End Sub Public Sub ReadXml(ByVal reader As XmlReader) Implements IXmlSerializable.ReadXml Dim empty = reader.IsEmptyElement reader.Read() If empty Then Exit Sub Clear() While reader.NodeType <> XmlNodeType.EndElement While reader.NodeType = XmlNodeType.Whitespace reader.Read() Dim key = ReadData(Of TKey)(IsKeyAttributable, reader, True) Dim value = ReadData(Of TValue)(IsValueAttributable, reader, False) Add(key, value) If Not IsKeyAttributable AndAlso Not IsValueAttributable Then reader.ReadEndElement() Else reader.Read() While reader.NodeType = XmlNodeType.Whitespace reader.Read() End While End While reader.ReadEndElement() End While End Sub Private Function ReadData(Of T)(ByVal attributable As Boolean, ByVal reader As XmlReader, ByVal isKey As Boolean) As T Dim name = GetElementName(isKey) Dim type = GetType(T) If attributable Then Return Convert.ChangeType(reader.GetAttribute(name), type) Else Dim serializer As New XmlSerializer(type) While reader.Name <> name reader.Read() End While reader.ReadStartElement(name) Dim value = serializer.Deserialize(reader) reader.ReadEndElement() Return value End If End Function Public Shared Function Serialize(ByVal dictionary As SerializableDictionary(Of TKey, TValue)) As String Dim sb As New StringBuilder(1024) Dim sw As New StringWriter(sb) Dim xs As New XmlSerializer(GetType(SerializableDictionary(Of TKey, TValue))) xs.Serialize(sw, dictionary) sw.Dispose() Return sb.ToString End Function Public Shared Function Deserialize(ByVal xml As String) As SerializableDictionary(Of TKey, TValue) Dim xs As New XmlSerializer(GetType(SerializableDictionary(Of TKey, TValue))) Dim xr As New XmlTextReader(xml, XmlNodeType.Document, Nothing) Return xs.Deserialize(xr) xr.Close() End Function Public Function Serialize() As String Dim sb As New StringBuilder Dim xw = XmlWriter.Create(sb) WriteXml(xw) xw.Close() Return sb.ToString End Function Public Sub Parse(ByVal xml As String) Dim xr As New XmlTextReader(xml, XmlNodeType.Document, Nothing) ReadXml(xr) xr.Close() End Sub End Class

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• Syntax error in INSERT INTO statement

  - by user454563

  I wrote a program that connects to MS Access. When I fill in the fields and add a new item to Access the program fails. The exception is "Syntax error in INSERT INTO statement" Here is the relevant code. **************************************************************** AdoHelper.cs **************************************************************** using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using System.Data; using System.Data.OleDb; namespace Yad2 { class AdoHelper { //get the connection string from the app.config file //Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=|DataDirectory|\Yad2.accdb static string connectionString = Properties.Settings.Default.DBConnection.ToString(); //declare the db connection static OleDbConnection con = new OleDbConnection(connectionString); /// <summary> /// To Execute queries which returns result set (table / relation) /// </summary> /// <param name="query">the query string</param> /// <returns></returns> public static DataTable ExecuteDataTable(string query) { try { con.Open(); OleDbCommand command = new OleDbCommand(query, con); System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter tableAdapter = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter(command); DataTable dt = new DataTable(); tableAdapter.Fill(dt); return dt; } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } finally { con.Close(); } } /// <summary> /// To Execute update / insert / delete queries /// </summary> /// <param name="query">the query string</param> public static void ExecuteNonQuery(string query) { try { con.Open(); System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand command = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand(query, con); command.ExecuteNonQuery(); } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } finally { con.Close(); } } /// <summary> /// To Execute queries which return scalar value /// </summary> /// <param name="query">the query string</param> public static object ExecuteScalar(string query) { try { con.Open(); System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand command = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbCommand(query, con); /// here is the Excaption !!!!!!!!! return command.ExecuteScalar(); } catch { throw; } finally { con.Close(); } } } } **************************************************************************** **************************************************************************** DataQueries.cs **************************************************************************** using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using System.Data; namespace Yad2 { class DataQueries { public static DataTable GetAllItems() { try { string query = "Select * from Messages"; DataTable dt = AdoHelper.ExecuteDataTable(query); return dt; } catch (Exception ex) { throw ex; } } public static void AddNewItem(string mesNumber, string title , string mesDate , string contactMail , string mesType , string Details ) { string query = "Insert into Messages values(" + mesNumber + " , '" + title + "' , '" + mesDate + "' , '" + contactMail + "' , , '" + mesType + "' , '" + Details + "')"; AdoHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(query); } public static void DeleteDept(int mesNumber) { string query = "Delete from Item where MessageNumber=" + mesNumber; AdoHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(query); } } } *********************************************************************************************** plase help me .... why the program falls ?

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• Need help using a super scope

  - by Vdub

  I have a windows server 2008 r2 standard running our DCHP, DNS, and AD. also I have (3) HP Pro Curve 2510-G switches (J9280A). Right now our LAN is set up 192.168.50.2-192.168.50.254 on our sub-net (A) and another scope with 192.168.51.2-192.168.51.254 sub-net (B) both have sub-net mask of 255.255.255.0. The same server is our DNS which is 192.168.50.242 and our firewall (watchguard) is the gateway at 192.168.50.1. Right now the sub-net (B) does not have DHCP active so only sub-net (A) is giving a pool. My problem is that we are trying to have open WiFi on our network and i am assuming that i can use the sub-net (B) for that if i activate it and use sub-net (A) for our staff only. I have noticed that when i set up a static on a client pc and set it to 192.168.51.x i cannot use the DNS of 192.168.50.242 however i can use 8.8.8.8 and it works fine, i am guessing that because it is on a different sub-net? Forgive me as i am very new at this and dont know a lot. Is there easy way with the equipment i have to a accommodate wifi for hundreds of people without causing problems for our staff? (multiple same IP address assigns) I appreciate any and all info!

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• proxy pass domain FROM default apache port 80 TO nginx on another port

  - by user10580

  Im still learning server things so hope the title is descriptive enough. Basically i have sub.domain.com that i want to run on nginx at port 8090. I want to leave apache alone and have it catch all default traffic at port 80. so i am trying something with a virtual name host to proxy pass to sub.domain.com:8090, nothing working yet and go no idea what the right syntax could be. any ideas? most of what i found was to pass TO apache FROM nginx, but i want to the do the opposite. LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so <VirtualHost sub.domain.com:80> ProxyPreserveHost On ProxyRequests Off ServerName sub.domain.com DocumentRoot /home/app/public ServerAlias sub.domain.com proxyPass / http://appname:8090/ (also tried localhost and sub.domain.com) ProxyPassReverse / http://appname:8090/ </VirtualHost> when i do this i get [warn] module proxy_module is already loaded, skippin [warn] module proxy_http_module is already loaded, skipping [error] (EAI 2)Name or service not known: Could not resolve host name sub.domain.com -- ignoring! and yes, the app is working (i have it running on port 80 with another subdomain) and it works at sub.domain.com:8090

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• How does object of sub-class record information about its super-class the in a Virtual Inheritance

  - by Summer_More_More_Tea

  Hi there: I encounter this problem when tackling with virtual inheritance. I remember that in a non-virtual inheritance hierarchy, object of sub-class hold an object of its direct super-class. What about virtual inheritance? In this situation, does object of sub-class hold an object of its super-class directly or just hold a pointer pointing to an object of its super-class? By the way, why the output of the following code is: sizeof(A): 8 sizeof(B): 20 sizeof(C): 32 Code: #include <iostream> using namespace std; class A{ char k[ 3 ]; public: virtual void a(){}; }; class B : public virtual A{ char j[ 3 ]; public: virtual void b(){}; }; class C : public virtual B{ char i[ 3 ]; public: virtual void c(){}; }; int main( int argc, char *argv[] ){ cout << "sizeof(A): " << sizeof( A ) << endl; cout << "sizeof(B): " << sizeof( B ) << endl; cout << "sizeof(C): " << sizeof( C ) << endl; return 0; } Thanks in advance. Kind regards.

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• How to add sub category on my codeigniter php application ?

  - by sagarmatha

  Hello friends I have a view echo "<label for='parent'>Category</label><br/> "; echo form_dropdown('category_id', $categories). "<p>"; controller function create(){ if($this->input->post('name')){ $this->MProducts->addProduct(); $this->session->set_flashdata('message', 'Products Created'); redirect('admin/products/index', 'refresh'); }else{ $data['title'] = "Create Product"; $data['main'] = 'admin_product_create'; $data['categories']= $this->MCats->getTopCategories(); $this->load->vars($data); $this->load->view('dashboard'); } } and the model is function getTopcategories(){ $data = array(); $data[0] = 'root'; $this->db->where('parentid',0); $Q = $this->db->get('categories'); if($Q->num_rows() > 0){ foreach($Q->result_array() as $row){ $data[$row['id']] = $row['name']; } } $Q->free_result(); return $data; } Basically, what i want is we get sub categories when we click categories and 'selected' subcategory id goes to database when we create products, So that we can list products by sub categories. Please help me how do we do that ?

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• How to access property in sub method after it runs?

  - by Warren

  I'm having a hard time working this one out but I think it should be pretty simple. Basically, I have this method which talks to a webservice and I need to return some data from the sub method, the "authCode". What am I doing wrong? How can I get the authCode out of the manager, or can I create a block or something to to ensure that the manager block runs first? Am I even using the right words - blocks, sub methods??? Please help :) - (NSString *)getAuthCodeEXAMPLE { __block NSString *returnString = @"nothing yet!"; NSURL *baseURL = [NSURL URLWithString:BaseURLString]; NSDictionary *parametersGetAuthCode = @{@"req": @"getauth"}; AFHTTPSessionManager *manager = [[AFHTTPSessionManager alloc] initWithBaseURL:baseURL]; manager.responseSerializer = [AFJSONResponseSerializer serializer]; [manager POST:APIscript parameters:parametersGetAuthCode success:^(NSURLSessionDataTask *task, id responseObject) { if ([task.response isKindOfClass:[NSHTTPURLResponse class]]) { NSHTTPURLResponse *r = (NSHTTPURLResponse *)task.response; if ([r statusCode] == 200) { self.returnedData = responseObject; NSString *authCode = [self.returnedData authcode]; NSLog(@"Authcode: %@", authCode); returnString = authCode; } } } failure:^(NSURLSessionDataTask *task, NSError *error) { UIAlertView *alertView = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"Error" message:[error localizedDescription] delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"Ok" otherButtonTitles:nil]; [alertView show]; }]; //this currently returns "nothing yet!" return returnString; }

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• git, egit, submodules, and symlinks -- how should shared sub-projects be handled in eclipse?

  - by Autophil

  Question: what's the best way to handle sub-projects in eclipse when using git for SCM? Here's the situation. I have a few git projects with a directory structure layed out more or less like this: simpleproj app www admin demo lib model orm view model user blah ... storeproj app www about mobile fbapp lib model orm view model user message cart product merchant Each directory in "lib" contains a separate project, either created in-house or forked, all of which use git for source control. So I figured I should make them submodules of my projects, right? Well, we've been moving toward eclipse + egit, because some of our windows guys not used to a CLI need something they can use without being scared of screwing things up. Anyway, the problem is, egit doesn't support submodules. So, my solution has been a rather crude one involving symlinks... lets say my directory structure on my dev box is generally layed out like this: ~/projects/ bigproj .git app lib model (- ~/lib/model/src/) orm (- ~/lib/orm/src/) neatproj .git app lib view (- ~/lib/view/src/) oldproj .git app lib orm (- ~/lib/orm/src/) ~/lib/ model .git src README.md orm .git src COPYING view .git src ...the symlinks link to a subdirectory of the directory containing the git repo, so eclipse doesn't get confused, and everything sort of works. On my machine, I can update the libs from anywhere and all projects will be updated (needing to be committed again of course). Each project stores a separate copy of the contents of the symlinked directories within "lib" -- but only when staged from within eclipse. After committing from eclipse and moving back to the CLI, git sees that a bunch of files have been removed and a few symlinks have been created. Of course this is acceptable also, probably more so than keeping a separate history of the libs for each project... but eclipse and CLI git obviously need to be on the same page so tons of files aren't vanishing and reappearing. So this brings me to my question. I'd like to know how to either: get eclipse+egit to see the symlinks as symlinks if git will somehow handle them properly*, or get the CLI git to treat them as non-symlinks. Or, if there's a better way to do this, I'm all ears. Hope this all made sense! :D Note: tried to tag this as git-submodules, but was not allowed :( * should I make them relative or absolute? Either way it's a mess. Also will symlinks will work on windows? i know there's something similar but you need a 3rd party tool to manage them AFAIK, i doubt these would translate well.

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• How to reduce Entity Framework 4 query compile time?

  - by Rup

  Summary: We're having problems with EF4 query compilation times of 12+ seconds. Cached queries will only get us so far; are there any ways we can actually reduce the compilation time? Is there anything we might be doing wrong we can look for? Thanks! We have an EF4 model which is exposed over the WCF services. For each of our entity types we expose a method to fetch and return the whole entity for display / edit including a number of referenced child objects. For one particular entity we have to .Include() 31 tables / sub-tables to return all relevant data. Unfortunately this makes the EF query compilation prohibitively slow: it takes 12-15 seconds to compile and builds a 7,800-line, 300K query. This is the back-end of a web UI which will need to be snappier than that. Is there anything we can do to improve this? We can CompiledQuery.Compile this - that doesn't do any work until first use and so helps the second and subsequent executions but our customer is nervous that the first usage shouldn't be slow either. Similarly if the IIS app pool hosting the web service gets recycled we'll lose the cached plan, although we can increase lifetimes to minimise this. Also I can't see a way to precompile this ahead of time and / or to serialise out the EF compiled query cache (short of reflection tricks). The CompiledQuery object only contains a GUID reference into the cache so it's the cache we really care about. (Writing this out it occurs to me I can kick off something in the background from app_startup to execute all queries to get them compiled - is that safe?) However even if we do solve that problem, we build up our search queries dynamically with LINQ-to-Entities clauses based on which parameters we're searching on: I don't think the SQL generator does a good enough job that we can move all that logic into the SQL layer so I don't think we can pre-compile our search queries. This is less serious because the search data results use fewer tables and so it's only 3-4 seconds compile not 12-15 but the customer thinks that still won't really be acceptable to end-users. So we really need to reduce the query compilation time somehow. Any ideas? Profiling points to ELinqQueryState.GetExecutionPlan as the place to start and I have attempted to step into that but without the real .NET 4 source available I couldn't get very far, and the source generated by Reflector won't let me step into some functions or set breakpoints in them. The project was upgraded from .NET 3.5 so I have tried regenerating the EDMX from scratch in EF4 in case there was something wrong with it but that didn't help. I have tried the EFProf utility advertised here but it doesn't look like it would help with this. My large query crashes its data collector anyway. I have run the generated query through SQL performance tuning and it already has 100% index usage. I can't see anything wrong with the database that would cause the query generator problems. Is there something O(n^2) in the execution plan compiler - is breaking this down into blocks of separate data loads rather than all 32 tables at once likely to help? Setting EF to lazy-load didn't help. I've bought the pre-release O'Reilly Julie Lerman EF4 book but I can't find anything in there to help beyond 'compile your queries'. I don't understand why it's taking 12-15 seconds to generate a single select across 32 tables so I'm optimistic there's some scope for improvement! Thanks for any suggestions! We're running against SQL Server 2008 in case that matters and XP / 7 / server 2008 R2 using RTM VS2010.

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• Know more about shared pool subpool

  - by Liu Maclean(???)

  ????T.askmaclean.com???Shared Pool?SubPool?????,????????_kghdsidx_count ? subpool ??subpool????( ???duration)???: SQL> select * from v$version; BANNER ---------------------------------------------------------------- Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bi PL/SQL Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production CORE    10.2.0.5.0      Production TNS for Linux: Version 10.2.0.5.0 - Production NLSRTL Version 10.2.0.5.0 - Production SQL> set linesize 200 pagesize 1400 SQL> show parameter kgh NAME                                 TYPE                             VALUE ------------------------------------ -------------------------------- ------------------------------ _kghdsidx_count                      integer                          7 SQL> oradebug setmypid; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug dump heapdump 536870914; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug tracefile_name /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_11783.trc [oracle@vrh8 dbs]$ grep "sga heap"  /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_11783.trc HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap"  desc=0x60000058 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(1,0)"  desc=0x60036110 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(1,0)"   desc=0x60036110 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(2,0)"  desc=0x6003f938 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(2,0)"   desc=0x6003f938 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(3,0)"  desc=0x60049160 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(3,0)"   desc=0x60049160 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(4,0)"  desc=0x60052988 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(4,0)"   desc=0x60052988 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(5,0)"  desc=0x6005c1b0 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(5,0)"   desc=0x6005c1b0 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(6,0)"  desc=0x600659d8 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(6,0)"   desc=0x600659d8 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(7,0)"  desc=0x6006f200 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(7,0)"   desc=0x6006f200 SQL> alter system set "_kghdsidx_count"=6 scope=spfile; System altered. SQL> startup force; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area  859832320 bytes Fixed Size                  2100104 bytes Variable Size             746587256 bytes Database Buffers          104857600 bytes Redo Buffers                6287360 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> SQL> oradebug setmypid; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug dump heapdump 536870914; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug tracefile_name /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_11908.trc [oracle@vrh8 dbs]$ grep "sga heap"  /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_11908.trc HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap"  desc=0x60000058 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(1,0)"  desc=0x600360f0 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(1,0)"   desc=0x600360f0 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(2,0)"  desc=0x6003f918 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(2,0)"   desc=0x6003f918 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(3,0)"  desc=0x60049140 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(3,0)"   desc=0x60049140 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(4,0)"  desc=0x60052968 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(4,0)"   desc=0x60052968 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(5,0)"  desc=0x6005c190 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(5,0)"   desc=0x6005c190 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(6,0)"  desc=0x600659b8 FIVE LARGEST SUB HEAPS for heap name="sga heap(6,0)"   desc=0x600659b8 SQL> SQL> alter system set "_kghdsidx_count"=2 scope=spfile; System altered. SQL> SQL> startup force; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area  851443712 bytes Fixed Size                  2100040 bytes Variable Size             738198712 bytes Database Buffers          104857600 bytes Redo Buffers                6287360 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> oradebug setmypid; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug dump heapdump 2; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug tracefile_name /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_12003.trc [oracle@vrh8 ~]$ grep "sga heap"  /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_12003.trc HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap"  desc=0x60000058 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(1,0)"  desc=0x600360b0 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(2,0)"  desc=0x6003f8d SQL> alter system set cpu_count=16 scope=spfile; System altered. SQL> startup force; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area  851443712 bytes Fixed Size                  2100040 bytes Variable Size             738198712 bytes Database Buffers          104857600 bytes Redo Buffers                6287360 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> oradebug setmypid; Statement processed. SQL>  oradebug dump heapdump 2; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug tracefile_name /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_12065.trc [oracle@vrh8 ~]$ grep "sga heap"  /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_12065.trc HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap"  desc=0x60000058 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(1,0)"  desc=0x600360b0 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(2,0)"  desc=0x6003f8d8 SQL> show parameter sga_target NAME                                 TYPE                             VALUE ------------------------------------ -------------------------------- ------------------------------ sga_target                           big integer                      0 SQL> alter system set sga_target=1000M scope=spfile; System altered. SQL> startup force; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1048576000 bytes Fixed Size                  2101544 bytes Variable Size             738201304 bytes Database Buffers          301989888 bytes Redo Buffers                6283264 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> alter system set sga_target=1000M scope=spfile; System altered. SQL> startup force; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1048576000 bytes Fixed Size                  2101544 bytes Variable Size             738201304 bytes Database Buffers          301989888 bytes Redo Buffers                6283264 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> SQL> SQL> oradebug setmypid; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug dump heapdump 2; Statement processed. SQL>  oradebug tracefile_name /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_12148.trc SQL> SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options [oracle@vrh8 dbs]$ grep "sga heap"  /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_12148.trc HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap"  desc=0x60000058 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(1,0)"  desc=0x60036690 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(1,1)"  desc=0x60037ee8 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(1,2)"  desc=0x60039740 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(1,3)"  desc=0x6003af98 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(2,0)"  desc=0x6003feb8 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(2,1)"  desc=0x60041710 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(2,2)"  desc=0x60042f68 _enable_shared_pool_durations:?????????10g????shared pool duration??,?????sga_target?0?????false; ???10.2.0.5??cursor_space_for_time???true??????false,???10.2.0.5??cursor_space_for_time????? SQL> alter system set "_enable_shared_pool_durations"=false scope=spfile; System altered. SQL> SQL> startup force; ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1048576000 bytes Fixed Size                  2101544 bytes Variable Size             738201304 bytes Database Buffers          301989888 bytes Redo Buffers                6283264 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> oradebug setmypid; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug dump heapdump 2; Statement processed. SQL> oradebug tracefile_name /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_12233.trc SQL> SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options\ [oracle@vrh8 dbs]$ grep "sga heap"   /s01/admin/G10R25/udump/g10r25_ora_12233.trc HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap"  desc=0x60000058 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(1,0)"  desc=0x60036690 HEAP DUMP heap name="sga heap(2,0)"  desc=0x6003feb8 ??:1._kghdsidx_count ??? shared pool subpool???, _kghdsidx_count???????7 ??? 7? shared pool subpool 2.??????? subpool???4? sub partition ?: sga heap(1,0) sga heap(1,1) sga heap(1,2) sga heap(1,3) ????? cpu??? ?????_kghdsidx_count, ???? ?10g ?AUTO SGA ??? shared pool duration???, duration ??4?: Session duration Instance duration (never freed) Execution duration (freed fastest) Free memory ??? shared pool duration???? ?10gR1?Shared Pool?shrink??????????,?????????????Buffer Cache???????????granule,????Buffer Cache?granule????granule header?Metadata(???buffer header??RAC??Lock Elements)????,?????????????????????shared pool????????duration(?????)?chunk??????granule?,????????????granule??10gR2????Buffer Cache Granule????????granule header?buffer?Metadata(buffer header?LE)????,??shared pool???duration?chunk????????granule,??????buffer cache?shared pool??????????????10gr2?streams pool?????????(???????streams pool duration????) reference : http://www.oracledatabase12g.com/archives/understanding-automatic-sga-memory-management.html

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