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  • Rails - eager load the number of associated records, but not the record themselves.

    - by Max Williams
    I have a page that's taking ages to render out. Half of the time (3 seconds) is spent on a .find call which has a bunch of eager-loaded associations. All i actually need is the number of associated records in each case, to display in a table: i don't need the actual records themselves. Is there a way to just eager load the count? Here's a simplified example: @subjects = Subject.find(:all, :include => [:questions]) In my table, for each row (ie each subject) i just show the values of the subject fields and the number of associated questions for each subject. Can i optimise the above find call to suit these requirements? I thought about using a group field but my full call has a few different associations included, with some second-order associations, so i don't think group by will work. @subjects = Subject.find(:all, :include => [{:questions => :tags}, {:quizzes => :tags}], :order => "subjects.name") :tags in this case is a second-order association, via taggings. Here's my associations in case it's not clear what's going on. Subject has_many :questions has_many :quizzes Question belongs_to :subject has_many :taggings has_many :tags, :through => :taggings Quiz belongs_to :subject has_many :taggings has_many :tags, :through => :taggings Grateful for any advice - max

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  • Trying to understand the usage of class_eval

    - by eMxyzptlk
    Hello everyone, I'm using the rails-settings gem, and I'm trying to understand how you add functions to ActiveRecord classes (I'm building my own library for card games), and I noticed that this gem uses one of the Meta-programming techniques to add the function to the ActiveRecord::Base class (I'm far from Meta-programming master in ruby, but I'm trying to learn it) module RailsSettings class Railtie < Rails::Railtie initializer 'rails_settings.initialize', :after => :after_initialize do Railtie.extend_active_record end end class Railtie def self.extend_active_record ActiveRecord::Base.class_eval do def self.has_settings class_eval do def settings RailsSettings::ScopedSettings.for_thing(self) end scope :with_settings, :joins => "JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}')", :select => "DISTINCT #{self.table_name}.*" scope :with_settings_for, lambda { |var| { :joins => "JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}') AND settings.var = '#{var}'" } } scope :without_settings, :joins => "LEFT JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}')", :conditions => 'settings.id IS NULL' scope :without_settings_for, lambda { |var| { :joins => "LEFT JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}') AND settings.var = '#{var}'", :conditions => 'settings.id IS NULL' } } end end end end end end What I don't understand is why he uses class_eval on ActiveRecord::Base, wasn't it easier if he just open the ActiveRecord::Base class and define the functions? Specially that there's nothing dynamic in the block (What I mean by dynamic is when you do class_eval or instance_eval on a string containing variables) something like this: module ActiveRecord class Base def self.has_settings class_eval do def settings RailsSettings::ScopedSettings.for_thing(self) end scope :with_settings, :joins => "JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}')", :select => "DISTINCT #{self.table_name}.*" scope :with_settings_for, lambda { |var| { :joins => "JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}') AND settings.var = '#{var}'" } } scope :without_settings, :joins => "LEFT JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}')", :conditions => 'settings.id IS NULL' scope :without_settings_for, lambda { |var| { :joins => "LEFT JOIN settings ON (settings.thing_id = #{self.table_name}.#{self.primary_key} AND settings.thing_type = '#{self.base_class.name}') AND settings.var = '#{var}'", :conditions => 'settings.id IS NULL' } } end end end end I understand the second class_eval (before the def settings) is to define functions on the fly on every class that 'has_settings' right ? Same question here, I think he could use "def self.settings" instead of "class_eval.... def settings", no ?

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  • javascript - how to call a function newly added from ajax

    - by strike_noir
    I have a coding difficulty which have been asked in this forum before: Calling a JavaScript function returned from a Ajax response But I didn't find the answers quite satisfying. To be more precise of the problem I'm dealing, here is the details: I dynamically load a document (HTML and javascript) using jquery var url = 'document.php'; $('#container').load(url); And then I want to call the functions from that document.php. Due to my requirement, I don't want to call the function after the documents' loaded, but rather to call it later when I need it. Because it was dynamically loaded, the DOM doesn't recognize the functions. How to properly call this function? Thank you

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  • RoR function help

    - by Aviatrix
    Can someone write a function for me on RoR , i simply don't have the time to study Ruby and RoR for just one time use. The function should do the following things : 1) have an array with variables 2) for each variable in the array execute 4-5 other functions get the results and insert them in another table in the same DB table name - refined CityName varchar Subdomain varchar = the varriable in the array Nearby text State varchar ZipCodes text AreaCodes text Some of the functions return arrays. i will really apreciate the help ! Thanks in advance.

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  • Help me understand this "Programming pearls" bitsort program

    - by ardsrk
    Jon Bentley in Column 1 of his book programming pearls introduces a technique for sorting a sequence of non-zero positive integers using bit vectors. I have taken the program bitsort.c from here and pasted it below: /* Copyright (C) 1999 Lucent Technologies */ /* From 'Programming Pearls' by Jon Bentley */ /* bitsort.c -- bitmap sort from Column 1 * Sort distinct integers in the range [0..N-1] */ #include <stdio.h> #define BITSPERWORD 32 #define SHIFT 5 #define MASK 0x1F #define N 10000000 int a[1 + N/BITSPERWORD]; void set(int i) { int sh = i>>SHIFT; a[i>>SHIFT] |= (1<<(i & MASK)); } void clr(int i) { a[i>>SHIFT] &= ~(1<<(i & MASK)); } int test(int i){ return a[i>>SHIFT] & (1<<(i & MASK)); } int main() { int i; for (i = 0; i < N; i++) clr(i); /*Replace above 2 lines with below 3 for word-parallel init int top = 1 + N/BITSPERWORD; for (i = 0; i < top; i++) a[i] = 0; */ while (scanf("%d", &i) != EOF) set(i); for (i = 0; i < N; i++) if (test(i)) printf("%d\n", i); return 0; } I understand what the functions clr, set and test are doing and explain them below: ( please correct me if I am wrong here ). clr clears the ith bit set sets the ith bit test returns the value at the ith bit Now, I don't understand how the functions do what they do. I am unable to figure out all the bit manipulation happening in those three functions. Please help.

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  • How much money can I save from installing a 80 plus bronze or gold PSU? [closed]

    - by David
    Currently I've only a 300 watt PSU and my pc is working like a charm but with all the components it should use the psu to the max. Recently I've read about 80 plus certificate and I'm wondering if it's worth to buy a 80 plus certificate psu? My power cost last year was also higher then before and my pc turns almost 14/7 a day. I mean power cost in used power not in augmented prices. I'm also planing to buy a SLI video card.

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  • Need help with homework(very short code)

    - by b3y4z1d
    I have a code, and I need to have it done until friday or so.I'd say 95% of it is finished,but the functions and the function-calling could use some grooming. It is really simple for anyone who knows C++ pretty well, but I'm a newbie and I just can't seem to get through this with the functions so if anyone could take a look and correct the few mistakes or add a line or two if needed I'd be very grateful. Here is the link to the full code, you'll understand the purpose of the code once you see it. I use Borland C++ by the way if it helps. Thanks in advance!

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  • Where is the xorg.conf file in Karmic Koala (Ubuntu 9.10) ?

    - by jfmessier
    I am trying to change this xorg.conf file that I used to modify under Ubuntu 9.04, so it can have the higher resolutions of my monitor. Under 9.04, the monitor was unknown, and I had to key in all resolutions in the file, and although it is found under 9.10, 9.10 does not have the highest resolution that My monitor can sustain. How can I change such setting ? Is xorg.conf moved, or replaced ? Merci :-) JF

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  • Is there any valid reason radians are used as the inputs to trig function in many modern languages?

    - by johnmortal
    Is there any pressing reason trig functions should use radian inputs in modern programming languages? As far as I know radians are typically ugly to deal with except in three cases: (1) You want to compute an arc length and you know the angle of the arc and (2) You need to do symbolic calculus with trig functions (3) certain infinite series expansion look prettier if the input is in radians. None of these scenarios seem like a worthy justification for every programming language I am familiar with using radian inputs for Sin, Cos, Tangent, etc... The third one sounds good because it might mean one gets faster computations using radians (very slightly faster- the cost of one additional floating point multiplication ) , but I am dubious even of that because most commonly the developer had to take an extra step to put the angle in radians in the first place. The other two are ridiculous justifications for all the added obscurity.

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  • Why prefix sql function names?

    - by AaronLS
    What is a scenario that exemplifies a good reason to use prefixes, such as fn_GetName, on function names in SQL Server? It would seem that it would be unnecessary since usually the context of its usage would make it clear that it's a function. I have not used any other language that has ever needed prefixes on functions, and I can't think of a good scenario that would show why SQL is any different. My only thinking is that perhaps in older IDE's it was useful for grouping functions together when the database objects were all listed together, but modern IDE's already make it clear what is a function.

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  • Display a ranking grid for game : optimization of left outer join and find a player

    - by Jerome C.
    Hello, I want to do a ranking grid. I have a table with different values indexed by a key: Table SimpleValue : key varchar, value int, playerId int I have a player which have several SimpleValue. Table Player: id int, nickname varchar Now imagine these records: SimpleValue: Key value playerId for 1 1 int 2 1 agi 2 1 lvl 5 1 for 6 2 int 3 2 agi 1 2 lvl 4 2 Player: id nickname 1 Bob 2 John I want to display a rank of these players on various SimpleValue. Something like: nickname for lvl Bob 1 5 John 6 4 For the moment I generate an sql query based on which SimpleValue key you want to display and on which SimpleValue key you want to order players. eg: I want to display 'lvl' and 'for' of each player and order them on the 'lvl' The generated query is: SELECT p.nickname as nickname, v1.value as lvl, v2.value as for FROM Player p LEFT OUTER JOIN SimpleValue v1 ON p.id=v1.playerId and v1.key = 'lvl' LEFT OUTER JOIN SimpleValue v2 ON p.id=v2.playerId and v2.key = 'for' ORDER BY v1.value This query runs perfectly. BUT if I want to display 10 different values, it generates 10 'left outer join'. Is there a way to simplify this query ? I've got a second question: Is there a way to display a portion of this ranking. Imagine I've 1000 players and I want to display TOP 10, I use the LIMIT keyword. Now I want to display the rank of the player Bob which is 326/1000 and I want to display 5 rank player above and below (so from 321 to 331 position). How can I achieve it ? thanks.

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  • JUnit Test method with randomized nature

    - by Peter
    Hey, I'm working on a small project for myself at the moment and I'm using it as an opportunity to get acquainted with unit testing and maintaining proper documentation. I have a Deck class with represents a deck of cards (it's very simple and, to be honest, I can be sure that it works without a unit test, but like I said I'm getting used to using unit tests) and it has a shuffle() method which changes the order of the cards in the deck. The implementation is very simple and will certainly work: public void shuffle() { Collections.shuffle(this.cards); } But, how could I implement a unit test for this method. My first thought was to check if the top card of the deck was different after calling shuffle() but there is of course the possibility that it would be the same. My second thought was to check if the entire order of cards has changed, but again they could possibly be in the same order. So, how could I write a test that ensures this method works in all cases? And, in general, how can you unit test methods for which the outcome depends on some randomness? Cheers, Pete

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  • The most elegant way to encapsulate WinAPI callbacks inside a class

    - by FractalizeR
    Hello. I am thinking about elegant way to encapsulate WinAPI callbacks inside a class. Suppose I am making a class handling asynchronous I/O. All Windows callbacks should be stdcall functions, not class methods (I need to pass their addresses to ReadFileEx WinAPI function for example). So, I cannot just pass method addresses as a callback routines to WinAPI functions. What is the most elegant way to encapsulate functionality of this type inside a class so that the class have events OnReadCompleted and OnWriteCompleted (I am using Delphi as a primary language, but I guess the situation must be the same in C++ because class methods are different from simple methods by the fact, that the first hidden parameter of them is this link. Of course this class is not a singleton and there can be many of them created by app at the same time. What do you think would be the good way to implement this?

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  • Can you create ACLs with open vSwitch on XenServer 5.6FP1 without using the DVS appliance?

    - by bwizzy
    I have a pool of XenServer hosts running the Free version of XenServer 5.6 FP1. I was wondering if I change the network backend to use Open vSwitch if I can specify ACLs on individual network VIFs without needing to use the DVS appliance (distributed virtual switch) which requires an Advanced License or higher. Basically I'm looking for a way to isolate VMs on my network so that if a user had root access on the command line they couldn't access other servers they should not be able to (without using a VLAN).

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  • python iterators and thread-safety

    - by Igor
    I have a class which is being operated on by two functions. One function creates a list of widgets and writes it into the class: def updateWidgets(self): widgets = self.generateWidgetList() self.widgets = widgets the other function deals with the widgets in some way: def workOnWidgets(self): for widget in self.widgets: self.workOnWidget(widget) each of these functions runs in it's own thread. the question is, what happens if the updateWidgets() thread executes while the workOnWidgets() thread is running? I am assuming that the iterator created as part of the for...in loop will keep some kind of reference to the old self.widgets object? So I will finish iterating over the old list... but I'd love to know for sure.

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  • Explaining the forecasts from an ARIMA model

    - by Samik R.
    I am trying to explain to myself the forecasting result from applying an ARIMA model to a time-series dataset. The data is from the M1-Competition, the series is MNB65. For quick reference, I have a google doc spreadsheet with the data. I am trying to fit the data to an ARIMA(1,0,0) model and get the forecasts. I am using R. Here are some output snippets: > arima(x, order = c(1,0,0)) Series: x ARIMA(1,0,0) with non-zero mean Call: arima(x = x, order = c(1, 0, 0)) Coefficients: ar1 intercept 0.9421 12260.298 s.e. 0.0474 202.717 > predict(arima(x, order = c(1,0,0)), n.ahead=12) $pred Time Series: Start = 53 End = 64 Frequency = 1 [1] 11757.39 11786.50 11813.92 11839.75 11864.09 11887.02 11908.62 11928.97 11948.15 11966.21 11983.23 11999.27 I have a few questions: (1) How do I explain that although the dataset shows a clear downward trend, the forecast from this model trends upward. This also happens for ARIMA(2,0,0), which is the best ARIMA fit for the data using auto.arima (forecast package) and for an ARIMA(1,0,1) model. (2) The intercept value for the ARIMA(1,0,0) model is 12260.298. Shouldn't the intercept satisfy the equation: C = mean * (1 - sum(AR coeffs)), in which case, the value should be 715.52. I must be missing something basic here. (3) This is clearly a series with non-stationary mean. Why is an AR(2) model still selected as the best model by auto.arima? Could there be an intuitive explanation? Thanks.

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  • In a bidirectional JPA OneToMany/ManyToOne association, what is meant by "the inverse side of the as

    - by Bytecode Ninja
    In these examples on TopLink JPA Annotation Reference: Example 1-59 @OneToMany - Customer Class With Generics @Entity public class Customer implements Serializable { ... @OneToMany(cascade=ALL, mappedBy="customer") public Set<Order> getOrders() { return orders; } ... } Example 1-60 @ManyToOne - Order Class With Generics @Entity public class Order implements Serializable { ... @ManyToOne @JoinColumn(name="CUST_ID", nullable=false) public Customer getCustomer() { return customer; } ... } It seams to me that the Customer entity is the owner of the association. However, in the explanation for the mappedBy attribute in the same document, it is written that: if the relationship is bidirectional, then set the mappedBy element on the inverse (non-owning) side of the association to the name of the field or property that owns the relationship as Example 1-60 shows. However, if I am not wrong, looks like in the example the mappedBy is actually specified on the owning side of the association, rather than the non-owning side. So my question is basically: In a bidirectional (one-to-many/many-to-one) association, which of the entities is the owner? How can we designate the One side as the owner? How can we designate the Many side as the owner? What is meant by "the inverse side of the association"? How can we designate the One side as the inverse? How can we designate the Many side as the inverse? Thanks in advance.

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  • Compute weighted averages for large numbers

    - by Travis
    I'm trying to get the weighted average of a few numbers. Basically I have: Price - 134.42 Quantity - 15236545 There can be as few as one or two or as many as fifty or sixty pairs of prices and quantities. I need to figure out the weighted average of the price. Basically, the weighted average should give very little weight to pairs like Price - 100000000.00 Quantity - 3 and more to the pair above. The formula I currently have is: ((price)(quantity) + (price)(quantity) + ...)/totalQuantity So far I have this done: double optimalPrice = 0; int totalQuantity = 0; double rolling = 0; System.out.println(rolling); Iterator it = orders.entrySet().iterator(); while(it.hasNext()) { System.out.println("inside"); Map.Entry order = (Map.Entry)it.next(); double price = (Double)order.getKey(); int quantity = (Integer)order.getValue(); System.out.println(price + " " + quantity); rolling += price * quantity; totalQuantity += quantity; System.out.println(rolling); } System.out.println(rolling); return totalQuantity / rolling; The problem is I very quickly max out the "rolling" variable. How can I actually get my weighted average? Thanks!

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  • How can I compare market data feed sources for quality and latency improvement?

    - by yves Baumes
    I am in the very first stages of implementing a tool to compare 2 market data feed sources in order to prove the quality of new developed sources to my boss ( meaning there are no regressions, no missed updates, or wrong ), and to prove latencies improvement. So the tool I need must be able to check updates differences as well as to tell which source is the best (in term of latency). Concrectly, reference source could be Reuters while the other one is a Feed handler we develop internally. People warned me that updates might not arrive in the same order as Reuters implementation could differs totally from ours. Therefore a simple algorithm based on the fact that updates could arrive in the same order is likely not to work. My very first idea would be to use fingerprint to compare feed sources, as Shazaam application does to find the title of the tube you are submitting. Google told me it is based on FFT. And I was wondering if signal processing theory could behaves well with market access applications. I wanted to know your own experience in that field, is that possible to develop a quite accurate algorithm to meet the needs? What was your own idea? What do you think about fingerprint based comparison?

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  • apache proxy module gives 403 forbidden error

    - by naiquevin
    I am trying to use the apache's proxy module for working with xmpp on ubuntu desktop. For this i did the following things - 1) enabled mod_proxy by creating a symlink of proxy.conf, proxy.load and proxy_http.load from /etc/apache2/mods-available/ in the mods-enabled directory. 2) Added the following lines to the vhost <Proxy http://mydomain.com/httpbind> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Proxy> ProxyPass /httpbind http://mydomain.com:7070/http-bind/ ProxyPassReverse /httpbind http://mydomain.com:7070/http-bind/ I am new to using the proxy module but what i can make from the above lines is that requests to http://mydomain.com/httpbind will be forwarded to http://mydomain.com:7070/http-bind/. Kindly correct if wrong. 3) added rule Allow from .mydomain.com in /mods-available/proxy.conf Now i try to access http://mydomain.com/httpbind and it shows 403 Forbidden error.. What am i missing here ? Please help. thanks Edit : The problem got solved when i changed the following code in mods_available/proxy.conf <Proxy *> AddDefaultCharset off Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from mydomain.com </Proxy> to <Proxy *> AddDefaultCharset off Order deny,allow #Deny from all Allow from all </Proxy> Didnt get what was wrong with the initial code though

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  • Stored Procedure: Variable passed from PHP alters second half of query string

    - by Stephanie
    Hello everyone, Basically, we have an ASP website right now that I'm converting to PHP. We're still using the MSSQL server for the DB -- it's not moving. In the ASP, now, there's an include file with a giant sql query that's being executed. This include sits on a lot of pages and this is a simple version of what happens. Pages A, B and C all use this include file to return a listing. In ASP, Page A passes through variable A to the include file - page B passes through variable B -- page C passes through variable C, and so on. The include file builds the SQL query like this: sql = "SELECT * from table_one LEFT OUTER JOIN table_two ON table_one.id = table_two.id" then adds (remember, ASP), based on the variable passed through from the parent page, Select Case sType Case "A" sql = sql & "WHERE LOWER(column_a) <> 'no' AND LTRIM(ISNULL(column_b),'') <> '' ORDER BY column_a Case "B" sql = sql & "WHERE LOWER(column_c) <> 'no' ORDER BY lastname, firstname Case "C" sql = sql & "WHERE LOWER(column_f) <> 'no' OR LOWER(column_g) <> 'no' ORDER BY column_g As you notice, every string that's added on as the second part of the sql query is different than the previous; not just one variable can be substituted out, which is what has me stumped. How do I translate this case / switch into the stored procedure, based on the varchar input that I pass to the stored procedure via PHP? This stored procedure will actually handle a query listing for about 20 pages, so it's a hefty one and this is my first major complicated one. I'm getting there, though! I'm also just more used to MySQL, too. Not that they're that different. :P Thank you very much for your help in advance. Stephanie

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  • Is extending a singleton class wrong?

    - by Anwar Shaikh
    I am creating a logger for an application. I am using a third party logger library. In which logger is implemented as singleton. I extended that logger class because I want to add some more static functions. In these static functions I internally use the instance (which is single) of Logger(which i inherited). I neither creates instance of MyLogger nor re-implemented the getInstance() method of super class. But I am still getting warnings like destructor of MyLogger can not be created as parent class (Loggger) destructor is not accessible. I want to know, I am I doing something wrong? Inheriting the singleton is wrong or should be avoided??

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  • The ultimate .NET file and directory utility library?

    - by Serge van den Oever
    I find myself writing file and directory utility functions all the time, and I was wondering if there is good file and directory library that already implements a more extensive set than available by default in System.IO. The kind of functions I'm looking for is things like: public static void GetTemporaryDirectory() { string tempDirectory = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), Path.GetRandomFileName()); Directory.CreateDirectory(tempDirectory); return tempDirectory; } public static void CreateEmptyFile(string filename) { File.Create(filename).Dispose(); } public static void CreateEmptyFile(string path, string filename) { File.Create(Path.Combine(path, filename)).Dispose(); } public static void CreateDirectory(string path) { Directory.CreateDirectory(path); } public static void CreateDirectory(string path, string childpath) { Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.Combine(path, childpath)); }

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  • Accessing Web.config directly in ASP.NET MVC 1

    - by Neil T.
    I'm trying to implement integration testing in my ASP.NET MVC 1.0 solution. The technologies in use are LINQ-to-SQL, NUnit and WatiN. I recently discovered a pattern that will allow me to create a testing version of the database on the fly without modifying the development version of the database. I needed this behavior in order to run my user interface tests in WatiN that may modify the database. The plan is to modify the connection string in the Web.config file, and pass that new connection string to the DataContext constructor. This way, I don't have to add routes or modify my URLs in order to perform the integration testing. I've set up the project so that the test setup can modify the connection string to point to the test database when the tests are running. The connection string is stored in web.config. The problem I'm having is that when I try to run the tests, I get a NullReferenceException when trying to access the HTTPContext. From everything that I have read so far, the HTTPContext is only available within the context of a controller. Here is the code for the property that is supposed to give me the reference to the Web.config file: private System.Configuration.Configuration WebConfig { get { ExeConfigurationFileMap fileMap = new ExeConfigurationFileMap(); // NullReferenceException occurs on this line. fileMap.ExeConfigFilename = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("~\\web.config"); System.Configuration.Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenMappedExeConfiguration(fileMap, ConfigurationUserLevel.None); return config; } } Is there something that I am missing in order to make this work? Is there a better way to accomplish what I'm trying to achieve?

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