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  • EXC_BREAKPOINT when starting iPhone app

    - by pgb
    A user of our app sent me the following crash log: Incident Identifier: 59D4D5E7-570A-4047-A679-3016B2A226C4 CrashReporter Key: d8284d671ee22ad17511360ce73409ebfa8b84bb Process: .... [63] Path: /var/mobile/Applications/.... Identifier: ... Version: ??? (???) Code Type: ARM (Native) Parent Process: launchd [1] Date/Time: 2010-03-08 17:00:15.437 -0800 OS Version: iPhone OS 2.2.1 (5H11a) Report Version: 103 Exception Type: EXC_BREAKPOINT (SIGTRAP) Exception Codes: 0x00000001, 0xe7ffdefe Crashed Thread: 0 Thread 0 Crashed: 0 dyld 0x2fe01060 dyld_fatal_error + 0 1 dyld 0x2fe088d4 dyld::_main(mach_header const*, unsigned long, int, char const**, char const**, char const**) + 3064 2 dyld 0x2fe0196c dyldbootstrap::start(mach_header const*, int, char const**, long) + 884 3 dyld 0x2fe01048 _dyld_start + 32 Thread 0 crashed with ARM Thread State: r0: 0x2fe23ca0 r1: 0x00000000 r2: 0x2fe23ca0 r3: 0x00000000 r4: 0x2ffff4e0 r5: 0x2ffff4bc r6: 0x2fe005c0 r7: 0x2ffffb00 r8: 0x00000004 r9: 0x2fe57cf0 r10: 0x2fe236c8 r11: 0x00000009 ip: 0x0000018d sp: 0x2ffff5b8 lr: 0x2fe088dc pc: 0x2fe01060 cpsr: 0x00000010 Binary Images: 0x2fe00000 - 0x2fe22fff dyld ??? (???) <f6a50d5f57a676b54276d0ecef46d5f0> /usr/lib/dyld My app uses OpenFeint and PinchMedia analytics. For PinchMedia, I'm linking using their provided .a file, and for OpenFeint, I'm compiling their code (as per their guidelines). The frameworks / libs I'm linking are: UIKit.framework (Weak) MapKit.framework (Weak) Foundation.framework CoreGraphics.framework OpenAL.framework AudioToolbox.framework libsqlite3 SystemConfiguration.framework CoreLocation.framework PinchMedia analytics Security.framework QuartzCore.framework CFNetwork.framework My base SDK is iPhone 3.0, and my Base OS Deployment Target is 2.2.1. There are two things I find weird: The app crashes even before the main method is invoked. The crash log looks exactly like the one posted here: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2368689/objective-c-iphone-app-exc-breakpoint-sigtrap The user that sent me this crash is using a 2nd gen iPod Touch with OS 2.2.1. I wasn't able to reproduce the issue, but based on the comments in iTunes, it seems that more people is having the same issue.

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  • Help with Boost Spirit ASTs

    - by Decmac04
    I am writing a small tool for analyzing simple B Machine substitutions as part of a college research work. The code successfully parse test inputs of the form mySubst := var1 + var2. However, I get a pop-up error message saying "This application has requested the Runtime to terminate it in an unusual way. " In the command prompt window, I get an "Assertion failed message". The main program is given below: // BMachineTree.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application. // /*============================================================================= Copyright (c) 2010 Temitope Onunkun =============================================================================*/ /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // // UUsing Boost Spririt Trees (AST) to parse B Machine Substitutions. // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// #define BOOST_SPIRIT_DUMP_PARSETREE_AS_XML #include <boost/spirit/core.hpp> #include <boost/spirit/tree/ast.hpp> #include <boost/spirit/tree/tree_to_xml.hpp> #include "BMachineTreeGrammar.hpp" #include <iostream> #include <stack> #include <functional> #include <string> #include <cassert> #include <vector> #if defined(BOOST_SPIRIT_DUMP_PARSETREE_AS_XML) #include <map> #endif // Using AST to parse B Machine substitutions //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// using namespace std; using namespace boost::spirit; typedef char const* iterator_t; typedef tree_match<iterator_t> parse_tree_match_t; typedef parse_tree_match_t::tree_iterator iter_t; //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// string evaluate(parse_tree_match_t hit); string eval_machine(iter_t const& i); vector<string> dx; string evaluate(tree_parse_info<> info) { return eval_machine(info.trees.begin()); } string eval_machine(iter_t const& i) { cout << "In eval_machine. i->value = " << string(i->value.begin(), i->value.end()) << " i->children.size() = " << i->children.size() << endl; if (i->value.id() == substitution::leafValueID) { assert(i->children.size() == 0); // extract string tokens string leafValue(i->value.begin(), i->value.end()); dx.push_back(leafValue.c_str()); return leafValue.c_str(); } // else if (i->value.id() == substitution::termID) { if ( (*i->value.begin() == '*') || (*i->value.begin() == '/') ) { assert(i->children.size() == 2); dx.push_back( eval_machine(i->children.begin()) ); dx.push_back( eval_machine(i->children.begin()+1) ); return eval_machine(i->children.begin()) + " " + eval_machine(i->children.begin()+1); } // else assert(0); } else if (i->value.id() == substitution::expressionID) { if ( (*i->value.begin() == '+') || (*i->value.begin() == '-') ) { assert(i->children.size() == 2); dx.push_back( eval_machine(i->children.begin()) ); dx.push_back( eval_machine(i->children.begin()+1) ); return eval_machine(i->children.begin()) + " " + eval_machine(i->children.begin()+1); } else assert(0); } // else if (i->value.id() == substitution::simple_substID) { if (*i->value.begin() == (':' >> '=') ) { assert(i->children.size() == 2); dx.push_back( eval_machine(i->children.begin()) ); dx.push_back( eval_machine(i->children.begin()+1) ); return eval_machine(i->children.begin()) + "|->" + eval_machine(i->children.begin()+1); } else assert(0); } else { assert(0); // error } return 0; } //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// int main() { // look in BMachineTreeGrammar for the definition of BMachine substitution BMach_subst; cout << "/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////\n\n"; cout << "\t\tB Machine Substitution...\n\n"; cout << "/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////\n\n"; cout << "Type an expression...or [q or Q] to quit\n\n"; string str; while (getline(cin, str)) { if (str.empty() || str[0] == 'q' || str[0] == 'Q') break; tree_parse_info<> info = ast_parse(str.c_str(), BMach_subst, space_p); if (info.full) { #if defined(BOOST_SPIRIT_DUMP_PARSETREE_AS_XML) // dump parse tree as XML std::map<parser_id, std::string> rule_names; rule_names[substitution::identifierID] = "identifier"; rule_names[substitution::leafValueID] = "leafValue"; rule_names[substitution::factorID] = "factor"; rule_names[substitution::termID] = "term"; rule_names[substitution::expressionID] = "expression"; rule_names[substitution::simple_substID] = "simple_subst"; tree_to_xml(cout, info.trees, str.c_str(), rule_names); #endif // print the result cout << "Variables in Vector dx: " << endl; for(vector<string>::iterator idx = dx.begin(); idx < dx.end(); ++idx) cout << *idx << endl; cout << "parsing succeeded\n"; cout << "result = " << evaluate(info) << "\n\n"; } else { cout << "parsing failed\n"; } } cout << "Bye... :-) \n\n"; return 0; } The grammar, defined in BMachineTreeGrammar.hpp file is given below: /*============================================================================= Copyright (c) 2010 Temitope Onunkun http://www.dcs.kcl.ac.uk/pg/onun Use, modification and distribution is subject to the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt) =============================================================================*/ #ifndef BOOST_SPIRIT_BMachineTreeGrammar_HPP_ #define BOOST_SPIRIT_BMachineTreeGrammar_HPP_ using namespace boost::spirit; /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // // Using Boost Spririt Trees (AST) to parse B Machine Substitutions. // /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // // B Machine Grammar // //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// struct substitution : public grammar<substitution> { static const int identifierID = 1; static const int leafValueID = 2; static const int factorID = 3; static const int termID = 4; static const int expressionID = 5; static const int simple_substID = 6; template <typename ScannerT> struct definition { definition(substitution const& ) { // Start grammar definition identifier = alpha_p >> (+alnum_p | ch_p('_') ) ; leafValue = leaf_node_d[ lexeme_d[ identifier | +digit_p ] ] ; factor = leafValue | inner_node_d[ ch_p( '(' ) >> expression >> ch_p(')' ) ] ; term = factor >> *( (root_node_d[ch_p('*') ] >> factor ) | (root_node_d[ch_p('/') ] >> factor ) ); expression = term >> *( (root_node_d[ch_p('+') ] >> term ) | (root_node_d[ch_p('-') ] >> term ) ); simple_subst= leaf_node_d[ lexeme_d[ identifier ] ] >> root_node_d[str_p(":=")] >> expression ; // End grammar definition // turn on the debugging info. BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_RULE(identifier); BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_RULE(leafValue); BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_RULE(factor); BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_RULE(term); BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_RULE(expression); BOOST_SPIRIT_DEBUG_RULE(simple_subst); } rule<ScannerT, parser_context<>, parser_tag<simple_substID> > simple_subst; rule<ScannerT, parser_context<>, parser_tag<expressionID> > expression; rule<ScannerT, parser_context<>, parser_tag<termID> > term; rule<ScannerT, parser_context<>, parser_tag<factorID> > factor; rule<ScannerT, parser_context<>, parser_tag<leafValueID> > leafValue; rule<ScannerT, parser_context<>, parser_tag<identifierID> > identifier; rule<ScannerT, parser_context<>, parser_tag<simple_substID> > const& start() const { return simple_subst; } }; }; #endif The output I get on running the program is: ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////// B Machine Substitution... ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////// Type an expression...or [q or Q] to quit mySubst := var1 - var2 parsing succeeded In eval_machine. i->value = := i->children.size() = 2 Assertion failed: 0, file c:\redmound\bmachinetree\bmachinetree\bmachinetree.cpp , line 114 I will appreciate any help in resolving this problem.

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  • correct fisheye distortion

    - by Will
    I have some points that describe positions in a picture taken with a fisheye lens. I've found this description of how to generate a fisheye effect, but not how to reverse it. How do you calculate the radial distance from the centre to go from fisheye to rectilinear? My function stub looks like this: Point correct_fisheye(const Point& p,const Size& img) { // to polar const Point centre = {img.width/2,img.height/2}; const Point rel = {p.x-centre.x,p.y-centre.y}; const double theta = atan2(rel.y,rel.x); double R = sqrt((rel.x*rel.x)+(rel.y*rel.y)); // fisheye undistortion in here please //... change R ... // back to rectangular const Point ret = Point(centre.x+R*cos(theta),centre.y+R*sin(theta)); fprintf(stderr,"(%d,%d) in (%d,%d) = %f,%f = (%d,%d)\n",p.x,p.y,img.width,img.height,theta,R,ret.x,ret.y); return ret; }

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  • Declaring functors for comparison ??

    - by Mr.Gando
    Hello, I have seen other people questions but found none that applied to what I'm trying to achieve here. I'm trying to sort Entities via my EntityManager class using std::sort and a std::vector<Entity *> /*Entity.h*/ class Entity { public: float x,y; }; struct compareByX{ bool operator()(const GameEntity &a, const GameEntity &b) { return (a.x < b.x); } }; /*Class EntityManager that uses Entitiy*/ typedef std::vector<Entity *> ENTITY_VECTOR; //Entity reference vector class EntityManager: public Entity { private: ENTITY_VECTOR managedEntities; public: void sortEntitiesX(); }; void EntityManager::sortEntitiesX() { /*perform sorting of the entitiesList by their X value*/ compareByX comparer; std::sort(entityList.begin(), entityList.end(), comparer); } I'm getting a dozen of errors like : error: no match for call to '(compareByX) (GameEntity* const&, GameEntity* const&)' : note: candidates are: bool compareByX::operator()(const GameEntity&, const GameEntity&) I'm not sure but ENTITY_VECTOR is std::vector<Entity *> , and I don't know if that could be the problem when using the compareByX functor ? I'm pretty new to C++, so any kind of help is welcome.

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  • Reference-type conversion operators: asking for trouble?

    - by Ben
    When I compile the following code using g++ class A {}; void foo(A&) {} int main() { foo(A()); return 0; } I get the following error messages: > g++ test.cpp -o test test.cpp: In function ‘int main()’: test.cpp:10: error: invalid initialization of non-const reference of type ‘A&’ from a temporary of type ‘A’ test.cpp:6: error: in passing argument 1 of ‘void foo(A&)’ After some reflection, these errors make plenty of sense to me. A() is just a temporary value, not an assignable location on the stack, so it wouldn't seem to have an address. If it doesn't have an address, then I can't hold a reference to it. Okay, fine. But wait! If I add the following conversion operator to the class A class A { public: operator A&() { return *this; } }; then all is well! My question is whether this even remotely safe. What exactly does this point to when A() is constructed as a temporary value? I am given some confidence by the fact that void foo(const A&) {} can accept temporary values according to g++ and all other compilers I've used. The const keyword can always be cast away, so it would surprise me if there were any actual semantic differences between a const A& parameter and an A& parameter. So I guess that's another way of asking my question: why is a const reference to a temporary value considered safe by the compiler whereas a non-const reference is not?

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  • Why does this cast to Base class in virtual function give a segmentation fault?

    - by dehmann
    I want to print out a derived class using the operator<<. When I print the derived class, I want to first print its base and then its own content. But I ran into some trouble (see segfault below): class Base { public: friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&, const Base&); virtual void Print(std::ostream& out) const { out << "BASE!"; } }; std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const Base& b) { b.Print(out); return out; } class Derived : public Base { public: virtual void Print(std::ostream& out) const { out << "My base: "; //((const Base*)this)->Print(out); // infinite, calls this fct recursively //((Base*)this)->Print(out); // segfault (from infinite loop?) ((Base)*this).Print(out); // OK out << " ... and myself."; } }; int main(int argc, char** argv){ Derived d; std::cout << d; return 0; } Why can't I cast in one of these ways? ((const Base*)this)->Print(out); // infinite, calls this fct recursively ((Base*)this)->Print(out); // segfault (from infinite loop?)

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  • Linking the Linker script file to source code

    - by user304097
    Hello , I am new to GNU compiler. I have a C source code file which contains some structures and variables in which I need to place certain variables at a particular locations. So, I have written a linker script file and used the __ attribute__("SECTION") at variable declaration, in C source code. I am using a GNU compiler (cygwin) to compile the source code and creating a .hex file using -objcopy option, but I am not getting how to link my linker script file at compilation to relocate the variables accordingly. I am attaching the linker script file and the C source file for the reference. Please help me link the linker script file to my source code, while creating the .hex file using GNU. /*linker script file*/ /*defining memory regions*/ MEMORY { base_table_ram : org = 0x00700000, len = 0x00000100 /*base table area for BASE table*/ mem2 : org =0x00800200, len = 0x00000300 /* other structure variables*/ } /*Sections directive definitions*/ SECTIONS { BASE_TABLE : { } > base_table_ram GROUP : { .text : { } { *(SEG_HEADER) } .data : { } { *(SEG_HEADER) } .bss : { } { *(SEG_HEADER) } } > mem2 } C source code: const UINT8 un8_Offset_1 __attribute__((section("BASE_TABLE"))) = 0x1A; const UINT8 un8_Offset_2 __attribute__((section("BASE_TABLE"))) = 0x2A; const UINT8 un8_Offset_3 __attribute__((section("BASE_TABLE"))) = 0x3A; const UINT8 un8_Offset_4 __attribute__((section("BASE_TABLE"))) = 0x4A; const UINT8 un8_Offset_5 __attribute__((section("BASE_TABLE"))) = 0x5A; const UINT8 un8_Offset_6 __attribute__((section("SEG_HEADER"))) = 0x6A; My intention is to place the variables of section "BASE_TABLE" at the address defined i the linker script file and the remaining variables at the "SEG_HEADER" defined in the linker script file above. But after compilation when I look in to the .hex file the different section variables are located in different hex records, located at an address of 0x00, not the one given in linker script file . Please help me in linking the linker script file to source code. Are there any command line options to link the linker script file, if any plese provide me with the info how to use the options. Thanks in advance, SureshDN.

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  • correcting fisheye distortion programmatically

    - by Will
    I have some points that describe positions in a picture taken with a fisheye lens. I've found this description of how to generate a fisheye effect, but not how to reverse it. How do you calculate the radial distance from the centre to go from fisheye to rectilinear? My function stub looks like this: Point correct_fisheye(const Point& p,const Size& img) { // to polar const Point centre = {img.width/2,img.height/2}; const Point rel = {p.x-centre.x,p.y-centre.y}; const double theta = atan2(rel.y,rel.x); double R = sqrt((rel.x*rel.x)+(rel.y*rel.y)); // fisheye undistortion in here please //... change R ... // back to rectangular const Point ret = Point(centre.x+R*cos(theta),centre.y+R*sin(theta)); fprintf(stderr,"(%d,%d) in (%d,%d) = %f,%f = (%d,%d)\n",p.x,p.y,img.width,img.height,theta,R,ret.x,ret.y); return ret; } Alternatively, I could somehow convert the image from fisheye to rectilinear before finding the points, but I'm completely befuddled by the OpenCV documentation. Is there a straightforward way to do it in OpenCV, and does it perform well enough to do it to a live video feed?

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  • shielding #include within namespace { } block?

    - by Jeff
    Edit: I know that method 1 is essentially invalid and will probably use method 2, but I'm looking for the best hack or a better solution to mitigate rampant, mutable namespace proliferation. I have multiple class or method definitions in one namespace that have different dependencies, and would like to use the fewest namespace blocks or explicit scopings possible but while grouping #include directives with the definitions that require them as best as possible. I've never seen any indication that any preprocessor could be told to exclude namespace {} scoping from #include contents, but I'm here to ask if something similar to this is possible: (see bottom for explanation of why I want something dead simple) // NOTE: apple.h, etc., contents are *NOT* intended to be in namespace Foo! // would prefer something most this: namespace Foo { #include "apple.h" B *A::blah(B const *x) { /* ... */ } #include "banana.h" int B::whatever(C const &var) { /* ... */ } #include "blueberry.h" void B::something() { /* ... */ } } // namespace Foo ... // over this: #include "apple.h" #include "banana.h" #include "blueberry.h" namespace Foo { B *A::blah(B const *x) { /* ... */ } int B::whatever(C const &var) { /* ... */ } void B::something() { /* ... */ } } // namespace Foo ... // or over this: #include "apple.h" namespace Foo { B *A::blah(B const *x) { /* ... */ } } // namespace Foo #include "banana.h" namespace Foo { int B::whatever(C const &var) { /* ... */ } } // namespace Foo #include "blueberry.h" namespace Foo { void B::something() { /* ... */ } } // namespace Foo My real problem is that I have projects where a module may need to be branched but have coexisting components from the branches in the same program. I have classes like FooA, etc., that I've called Foo::A in the hopes being able to branch less painfully as Foo::v1_2::A, where some program may need both a Foo::A and a Foo::v1_2::A. I'd like "Foo" or "Foo::v1_2" to show up only really once per file, as a single namespace block, if possible. Moreover, I tend to prefer to locate blocks of #include directives immediately above the first definition in the file that requires them. What's my best choice, or alternatively, what should I be doing instead of hijacking the namespaces?

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  • How To Get the Name of the Current Procedure/Function in Delphi (As a String)

    - by Andreas Rejbrand
    Is it possible to obtain the name of the current procedure/function as a string, within a procedure/function? I suppose there would be some "macro" that is expanded at compile-time. My scenario is this: I have a lot of procedures that are given a record and they all need to start by checking the validity of the record, and so they pass the record to a "validator procedure". The validator procedure raises an exception if the record is invalid, and I want the message of the exception to include not the name of the validator procedure, but the name of the function/procedure that called the validator procedure (naturally). That is, I have procedure ValidateStruct(const Struct: TMyStruct; const Sender: string); begin if <StructIsInvalid> then raise Exception.Create(Sender + ': Structure is invalid.'); end; and then procedure SomeProc1(const Struct: TMyStruct); begin ValidateStruct(Struct, 'SomeProc1'); ... end; ... procedure SomeProcN(const Struct: TMyStruct); begin ValidateStruct(Struct, 'SomeProcN'); ... end; It would be somewhat less error-prone if I instead could write something like procedure SomeProc1(const Struct: TMyStruct); begin ValidateStruct(Struct, {$PROCNAME}); ... end; ... procedure SomeProcN(const Struct: TMyStruct); begin ValidateStruct(Struct, {$PROCNAME}); ... end; and then each time the compiler encounters a {$PROCNAME}, it simply replaces the "macro" with the name of the current function/procedure as a string literal.

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  • How do I improve my performance with this singly linked list struct within my program?

    - by Jesus
    Hey guys, I have a program that does operations of sets of strings. We have to implement functions such as addition and subtraction of two sets of strings. We are suppose to get it down to the point where performance if of O(N+M), where N,M are sets of strings. Right now, I believe my performance is at O(N*M), since I for each element of N, I go through every element of M. I'm particularly focused on getting the subtraction to the proper performance, as if I can get that down to proper performance, I believe I can carry that knowledge over to the rest of things I have to implement. The '-' operator is suppose to work like this, for example. Declare set1 to be an empty set. Declare set2 to be a set with { a b c } elements Declare set3 to be a set with ( b c d } elements set1 = set2 - set3 And now set1 is suppose to equal { a }. So basically, just remove any element from set3, that is also in set2. For the addition implementation (overloaded '+' operator), I also do the sorting of the strings (since we have to). All the functions work right now btw. So I was wondering if anyone could a) Confirm that currently I'm doing O(N*M) performance b) Give me some ideas/implementations on how to improve the performance to O(N+M) Note: I cannot add any member variables or functions to the class strSet or to the node structure. The implementation of the main program isn't very important, but I will post the code for my class definition and the implementation of the member functions: strSet2.h (Implementation of my class and struct) // Class to implement sets of strings // Implements operators for union, intersection, subtraction, // etc. for sets of strings // V1.1 15 Feb 2011 Added guard (#ifndef), deleted using namespace RCH #ifndef _STRSET_ #define _STRSET_ #include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <string> // Deleted: using namespace std; 15 Feb 2011 RCH struct node { std::string s1; node * next; }; class strSet { private: node * first; public: strSet (); // Create empty set strSet (std::string s); // Create singleton set strSet (const strSet &copy); // Copy constructor ~strSet (); // Destructor int SIZE() const; bool isMember (std::string s) const; strSet operator + (const strSet& rtSide); // Union strSet operator - (const strSet& rtSide); // Set subtraction strSet& operator = (const strSet& rtSide); // Assignment }; // End of strSet class #endif // _STRSET_ strSet2.cpp (implementation of member functions) #include <iostream> #include <vector> #include <string> #include "strset2.h" using namespace std; strSet::strSet() { first = NULL; } strSet::strSet(string s) { node *temp; temp = new node; temp->s1 = s; temp->next = NULL; first = temp; } strSet::strSet(const strSet& copy) { if(copy.first == NULL) { first = NULL; } else { node *n = copy.first; node *prev = NULL; while (n) { node *newNode = new node; newNode->s1 = n->s1; newNode->next = NULL; if (prev) { prev->next = newNode; } else { first = newNode; } prev = newNode; n = n->next; } } } strSet::~strSet() { if(first != NULL) { while(first->next != NULL) { node *nextNode = first->next; first->next = nextNode->next; delete nextNode; } } } int strSet::SIZE() const { int size = 0; node *temp = first; while(temp!=NULL) { size++; temp=temp->next; } return size; } bool strSet::isMember(string s) const { node *temp = first; while(temp != NULL) { if(temp->s1 == s) { return true; } temp = temp->next; } return false; } strSet strSet::operator + (const strSet& rtSide) { strSet newSet; newSet = *this; node *temp = rtSide.first; while(temp != NULL) { string newEle = temp->s1; if(!isMember(newEle)) { if(newSet.first==NULL) { node *newNode; newNode = new node; newNode->s1 = newEle; newNode->next = NULL; newSet.first = newNode; } else if(newSet.SIZE() == 1) { if(newEle < newSet.first->s1) { node *tempNext = newSet.first; node *newNode; newNode = new node; newNode->s1 = newEle; newNode->next = tempNext; newSet.first = newNode; } else { node *newNode; newNode = new node; newNode->s1 = newEle; newNode->next = NULL; newSet.first->next = newNode; } } else { node *prev = NULL; node *curr = newSet.first; while(curr != NULL) { if(newEle < curr->s1) { if(prev == NULL) { node *newNode; newNode = new node; newNode->s1 = newEle; newNode->next = curr; newSet.first = newNode; break; } else { node *newNode; newNode = new node; newNode->s1 = newEle; newNode->next = curr; prev->next = newNode; break; } } if(curr->next == NULL) { node *newNode; newNode = new node; newNode->s1 = newEle; newNode->next = NULL; curr->next = newNode; break; } prev = curr; curr = curr->next; } } } temp = temp->next; } return newSet; } strSet strSet::operator - (const strSet& rtSide) { strSet newSet; newSet = *this; node *temp = rtSide.first; while(temp != NULL) { string element = temp->s1; node *prev = NULL; node *curr = newSet.first; while(curr != NULL) { if( element < curr->s1 ) break; if( curr->s1 == element ) { if( prev == NULL) { node *duplicate = curr; newSet.first = newSet.first->next; delete duplicate; break; } else { node *duplicate = curr; prev->next = curr->next; delete duplicate; break; } } prev = curr; curr = curr->next; } temp = temp->next; } return newSet; } strSet& strSet::operator = (const strSet& rtSide) { if(this != &rtSide) { if(first != NULL) { while(first->next != NULL) { node *nextNode = first->next; first->next = nextNode->next; delete nextNode; } } if(rtSide.first == NULL) { first = NULL; } else { node *n = rtSide.first; node *prev = NULL; while (n) { node *newNode = new node; newNode->s1 = n->s1; newNode->next = NULL; if (prev) { prev->next = newNode; } else { first = newNode; } prev = newNode; n = n->next; } } } return *this; }

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  • What happened to the .NET version definition with v4.0?

    - by Tom Tresansky
    I'm building a C# class library, and using the beta 2 of Visual Web Developer/Visual C# 2010. I'm trying to save information about what version of .NET the library was built under. In the past, I was able to use this: // What version of .net was it built under? #if NET_1_0 public const string NETFrameworkVersion = ".NET 1.0"; #elif NET_1_1 public const string NETFrameworkVersion = ".NET 1.1"; #elif NET_2_0 public const string NETFrameworkVersion = ".NET 2.0"; #elif NET_3_5 public const string NETFrameworkVersion = ".NET 3.5"; #else public const string NETFrameworkVersion = ".NET version unknown"; #endif So I figured I could just add: #elif NET_4_0 public const string NETFrameworkVersion = ".NET 4.0"; Now, in Project-Properties, my target Framework is ".NET Framework 4". If I check: Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().ImageRuntimeVersion I can see my runtime version is v4.0.21006 (so I know I have .NET 4.0 installed on my CPU). I naturally expect to see that my NETFrameworkVersion variable holds ".NET 4.0". It does not. It holds ".NET version unknown". So my question is, why is NET_4_0 not defined? Did the naming convention change? Is there some simple other way to determine .NET framework build version in versions 3.5?

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  • templete class c++

    - by inna karpasas
    hi! i try to design a templete for my universty project. i wrote the follwing cod: #ifndef _LinkedList_H_ #define _LinkedList_H_ #include "Link.h" #include <ostream> template <class L>//error one class LinkedList { private: Link<L> *pm_head; Link<L> * pm_tail; int m_numOfElements; Link<L>* FindLink(L * dataToFind); public: LinkedList(); ~LinkedList(); int GetNumOfElements(){return m_numOfElements;} bool Add( L * data); L *FindData(L * data); template <class L> friend ostream & operator<<(ostream& os,const LinkedList<L> listToprint);//error two L* GetDataOnTop(); bool RemoveFromHead(); L* Remove(L * toRemove); this templete uses the link class templete #ifndef _Link_H_ #define _Link_H_ template <class T>//error 3 class Link { private: T* m_data; Link* m_next; Link* m_prev; public: Link(T* data); ~Link(void); bool Link::operator ==(const Link& other)const; /*getters*/ Link* GetNext()const {return m_next;} Link* GetPrev()const {return m_prev;} T* GetData()const {return m_data;} //setters void SetNext(Link* next) {m_next = next;} void SetPrev(Link* prev) {m_prev = prev;} void SetData(T* data) {m_data = data;} }; error one: shadows template parm class L' error two:declaration ofclass L' error three: shadows template parm `class T' i dont understand what is the problem. i can relly usr your help thank you :)

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  • Using forward declarations for build in datatypes.

    - by bdhar
    I understand that wherever possible we shall use forward declarations instead of includes to speed up the compilation. I have a class Person like this. #pragma once #include <string> class Person { public: Person(std::string name, int age); std::string GetName(void) const; int GetAge(void) const; private: std::string _name; int _age; }; and a class Student like this #pragma once #include <string> class Person; class Student { public: Student(std::string name, int age, int level = 0); Student(const Person& person); std::string GetName(void) const; int GetAge(void) const; int GetLevel(void) const; private: std::string _name; int _age; int _level; }; In Student.h, I have a forward declaration class Person; to use Person in my conversion constructor. Fine. But I have done #include <string> to avoid compilation error while using std::string in the code. How to use forward declaration here to avoid the compilation error? Is it possible? Thanks.

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  • Why do bind1st and bind2nd require constant function objects?

    - by rlbond
    So, I was writing a C++ program which would allow me to take control of the entire world. I was all done writing the final translation unit, but I got an error: error C3848: expression having type 'const `anonymous-namespace'::ElementAccumulator<T,BinaryFunction>' would lose some const-volatile qualifiers in order to call 'void `anonymous-namespace'::ElementAccumulator<T,BinaryFunction>::operator ()(const point::Point &,const int &)' with [ T=SideCounter, BinaryFunction=std::plus<int> ] c:\program files (x86)\microsoft visual studio 9.0\vc\include\functional(324) : while compiling class template member function 'void std::binder2nd<_Fn2>::operator ()(point::Point &) const' with [ _Fn2=`anonymous-namespace'::ElementAccumulator<SideCounter,std::plus<int>> ] c:\users\****\documents\visual studio 2008\projects\TAKE_OVER_THE_WORLD\grid_divider.cpp(361) : see reference to class template instantiation 'std::binder2nd<_Fn2>' being compiled with [ _Fn2=`anonymous-namespace'::ElementAccumulator<SideCounter,std::plus<int>> ] I looked in the specifications of binder2nd and there it was: it took a const AdaptibleBinaryFunction. So, not a big deal, I thought. I just used boost::bind instead, right? Wrong! Now my take-over-the-world program takes too long to compile (bind is used inside a template which is instantiated quite a lot)! At this rate, my nemesis is going to take over the world first! I can't let that happen -- he uses Java! So can someone tell me why this design decision was made? It seems like an odd decision. I guess I'll have to make some of the elements of my class mutable for now...

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  • Textfield - what is wxTextCtrlNameStr?

    - by Wallter
    I'm trying to create a basic wxWidgets program with a text entry box, in the constructor there is a variable wxTextCtrlNameStr - in researching I can't seem to find wxTextCtrlNameStr? any help? wxTextCtrl(wxWindow* parent, wxWindowID id, const wxString& value = "", const wxPoint& pos = wxDefaultPosition, const wxSize& size = wxDefaultSize, long style = 0, const wxValidator& validator = wxDefaultValidator, const wxString& name = wxTextCtrlNameStr) My Code: MainFrame::MainFrame(const wxString& title) : wxFrame(NULL, wxID_ANY, title) { wxButton * Centigrade = new wxButton(this, BUTTON_CENTIGRADE, _T("to Centigrade"), wxPoint(20, 20), wxDefaultSize, 0); wxButton * Fahrenheit = new wxButton(this, BUTTON_FAHRENHEIT, _T("to Fahrenheit"), wxPoint(20, 40), wxDefaultSize, 0); F_txt = new wxTextCtrl(this, TXT_F_Main, "0", wxDefaultPosition, wxDefaultSize, wxDefaultValidator, wxTextCtrlNameStr); /***********************************************/ C_txt = new wxTextCtrl(this, TXT_C_Main, "0", wxDefaultPosition, wxDefaultSize, wxDefaultValidator, wxTextCtrlNameStr); /***********************************************/ ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...

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  • Choosing between instance methods and separate functions?

    - by StackedCrooked
    Adding functionality to a class can be done by adding a method or by defining a function that takes an object as its first parameter. Most programmers that I know would choose for the solution of adding a instance method. However, I sometimes prefer to create a separate function. For example, in the example code below Area and Diagonal are defined as separate functions instead of methods. I find it better this way because I think these functions provide enhancements rather than core functionality. Is this considered a good/bad practice? If the answer is "it depends", then what are the rules for deciding between adding method or defining a separate function? class Rect { public: Rect(int x, int y, int w, int h) : mX(x), mY(y), mWidth(w), mHeight(h) { } int x() const { return mX; } int y() const { return mY; } int width() const { return mWidth; } int height() const { return mHeight; } private: int mX, mY, mWidth, mHeight; }; int Area(const Rect & inRect) { return inRect.width() * inRect.height(); } float Diagonal(const Rect & inRect) { return std::sqrt(std::pow(static_cast<float>(inRect.width()), 2) + std::pow(static_cast<float>(inRect.height()), 2)); }

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  • C++ overide global operator comma gives error

    - by uray
    the second function gives error C2803 http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/zy7kx46x%28VS.80%29.aspx : 'operator ,' must have at least one formal parameter of class type. any clue? template<class T,class A = std::allocator<T>> class Sequence : public std::vector<T,A> { public: Sequence<T,A>& operator,(const T& a) { this->push_back(a); return *this; } Sequence<T,A>& operator,(const Sequence<T,A>& a) { for(Sequence<T,A>::size_type i=0 ; i<a.size() ; i++) { this->push_back(a.at(i)); } return *this; } }; //this works! template<typename T> Sequence<T> operator,(const T& a, const T&b) { Sequence<T> seq; seq.push_back(a); seq.push_back(b); return seq; } //this gives error C2803! Sequence<double> operator,(const double& a, const double& b) { Sequence<double> seq; seq.push_back(a); seq.push_back(b); return seq; }

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  • How do you parse with SAX using Attributes & Values to a URL path using iPhone SDK?

    - by Jim
    I'm trying to get my head around parsing with SAX and thought a good place to start was the TopSongs example found at the iPhone Dev Center. I get most of it but when it comes to reaching Attributes and Values within a node I can't find a good example anywhere. The XML has a path to a URL for the coverArt. And the XML node looks like this. <itms:coverArt height="60" width="60">http://a1.phobos.apple.com/us/r1000/026/Music/aa/aa/27/mzi.pbxnbfvw.60x60-50.jpg</itms:coverArt> What I've tried is this for the startElement… ((prefix != NULL && !strncmp((const char *)prefix, kName_Itms, kLength_Itms)) && (!strncmp((const char *)localname, kName_CoverArt, kLength_Item) && !strncmp((const char *)attributes, kAttributeName_CoverArt, kAttributeLength_CoverArt) && !strncmp((const char *)attributes, kValueName_CoverArt, kValueLength_CoverArt) || !strncmp((const char *)localname, kName_Artist, kLength_Artist) || and picking it up again with just the localname at the end like this. if (!strncmp((const char *)localname, kName_CoverArt, kLength_CoverArt)) { importer.currentSong.coverArt = [NSURL URLWithString:importer.currentString]; The trace is -[Song setCoverArt:]: unrecognized selector sent to instance.

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  • alternative to #include within namespace { } block

    - by Jeff
    Edit: I know that method 1 is essentially invalid and will probably use method 2, but I'm looking for the best hack or a better solution to mitigate rampant, mutable namespace proliferation. I have multiple class or method definitions in one namespace that have different dependencies, and would like to use the fewest namespace blocks or explicit scopings possible but while grouping #include directives with the definitions that require them as best as possible. I've never seen any indication that any preprocessor could be told to exclude namespace {} scoping from #include contents, but I'm here to ask if something similar to this is possible: (see bottom for explanation of why I want something dead simple) // NOTE: apple.h, etc., contents are *NOT* intended to be in namespace Foo! // would prefer something most this: namespace Foo { #include "apple.h" B *A::blah(B const *x) { /* ... */ } #include "banana.h" int B::whatever(C const &var) { /* ... */ } #include "blueberry.h" void B::something() { /* ... */ } } // namespace Foo ... // over this: #include "apple.h" #include "banana.h" #include "blueberry.h" namespace Foo { B *A::blah(B const *x) { /* ... */ } int B::whatever(C const &var) { /* ... */ } void B::something() { /* ... */ } } // namespace Foo ... // or over this: #include "apple.h" namespace Foo { B *A::blah(B const *x) { /* ... */ } } // namespace Foo #include "banana.h" namespace Foo { int B::whatever(C const &var) { /* ... */ } } // namespace Foo #include "blueberry.h" namespace Foo { void B::something() { /* ... */ } } // namespace Foo My real problem is that I have projects where a module may need to be branched but have coexisting components from the branches in the same program. I have classes like FooA, etc., that I've called Foo::A in the hopes being able to branch less painfully as Foo::v1_2::A, where some program may need both a Foo::A and a Foo::v1_2::A. I'd like "Foo" or "Foo::v1_2" to show up only really once per file, as a single namespace block, if possible. Moreover, I tend to prefer to locate blocks of #include directives immediately above the first definition in the file that requires them. What's my best choice, or alternatively, what should I be doing instead of hijacking the namespaces?

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  • Xerces C++ SAX Parsing Problem: expected class-name before '{' token

    - by aduric
    I'm trying to run through an example given for the C++ Xerces XML library implementation. I've copied the code exactly, but I'm having trouble compiling it. error: expected class-name before '{' token I've looked around for a solution, and I know that this error can be caused by circular includes or not defining a class before it is used, but as you can see from the code, I only have 2 files: MySAXHandler.hpp and MySAXHandler.cpp. However, the MySAXHandler class is derived from HandlerBase, which is included. MyHandler.hpp #include <xercesc/sax/HandlerBase.hpp> class MySAXHandler : public HandlerBase { public: void startElement(const XMLCh* const, AttributeList&); void fatalError(const SAXParseException&); }; MySAXHandler.cpp #include "MySAXHandler.hpp" #include <iostream> using namespace std; MySAXHandler::MySAXHandler() { } void MySAXHandler::startElement(const XMLCh* const name, AttributeList& attributes) { char* message = XMLString::transcode(name); cout << "I saw element: "<< message << endl; XMLString::release(&message); } void MySAXHandler::fatalError(const SAXParseException& exception) { char* message = XMLString::transcode(exception.getMessage()); cout << "Fatal Error: " << message << " at line: " << exception.getLineNumber() << endl; XMLString::release(&message); } I'm compiling like so: g++ -L/usr/local/lib -lxerces-c -I/usr/local/include -c MySAXHandler.cpp I've looked through the HandlerBase and it is defined, so I don't know why I can't derive a class from it? Do I have to override all the virtual functions in HandlerBase? I'm kinda new to C++. Thanks in advance.

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  • C++ brain teaser

    - by mxp
    I recently refactored code like this (MyClass to MyClassR). class SomeMember { long m_value; public: SomeMember() : m_value(0) {} SomeMember(int a) : m_value(a) {} SomeMember(int a, int b) : m_value(a+b) {} }; class MyClass { SomeMember m_first, m_second, m_third; public: MyClass(const bool isUp, const int x, const int y) { if (isUp) { m_first = SomeMember(x); m_second = SomeMember(y); m_third = SomeMember(x, y); } else { m_first = SomeMember(y); m_second = SomeMember(x); m_third = SomeMember(y, x); } } }; class MyClassR { SomeMember m_first, m_second, m_third; public: MyClassR(const bool isUp, const int x, const int y) : m_first(isUp ? x : y) , m_second(isUp ? y : x) , m_third(isUp ? x, y : y, x) { } }; What is the error, why does it compile (at least VC6 with warning level 3 doesn't complain) and what is the right way of doing it? I (assume) I already have all these answers but I think it's and interesting problem to share.

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  • How to avoid the following purify detected memory leak in C++?

    - by Abhijeet
    Hi, I am getting the following memory leak.Its being probably caused by std::string. how can i avoid it? PLK: 23 bytes potentially leaked at 0xeb68278 * Suppressed in /vobs/ubtssw_brrm/test/testcases/.purify [line 3] * This memory was allocated from: malloc [/vobs/ubtssw_brrm/test/test_build/linux-x86/rtlib.o] operator new(unsigned) [/vobs/MontaVista/Linux/montavista/pro/devkit/x86/586/target/usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6] operator new(unsigned) [/vobs/ubtssw_brrm/test/test_build/linux-x86/rtlib.o] std::string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char>>::_Rep::_S_create(unsigned, unsigned, std::allocator<char> const&) [/vobs/MontaVista/Linux/montavista/pro/devkit/ x86/586/target/usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6] std::string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char>>::_Rep::_M_clone(std::allocator<char> const&, unsigned) [/vobs/MontaVista/Linux/montavista/pro/devkit/x86/586/tar get/usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6] std::string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char>>::string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char>>(std::string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::alloc ator<char>> const&) [/vobs/MontaVista/Linux/montavista/pro/devkit/x86/586/target/usr/lib/libstdc++.so.6] uec_UEDir::getEntryToUpdateAfterInsertion(rcapi_ImsiGsmMap const&, rcapi_ImsiGsmMap&, std::_Rb_tree_iterator<std::pair<std::string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator< char>> const, UEDirData >>&) [/vobs/ubtssw_brrm/uectrl/linux-x86/../src/uec_UEDir.cc:2278] uec_UEDir::addUpdate(rcapi_ImsiGsmMap const&, LocalUEDirInfo&, rcapi_ImsiGsmMap&, int, unsigned char) [/vobs/ubtssw_brrm/uectrl/linux-x86/../src/uec_UEDir.cc:282] ucx_UEDirHandler::addUpdateUEDir(rcapi_ImsiGsmMap, UEDirUpdateType, acap_PresenceEvent) [/vobs/ubtssw_brrm/ucx/linux-x86/../src/ucx_UEDirHandler.cc:374]

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  • template warnings and error help, (gcc)

    - by sil3nt
    Hi there, I'm working on an container class template (for int,bool,strings etc), and I've been stuck with this error cont.h:56: error: expected initializer before '&' token for this section template <typename T> const Container & Container<T>::operator=(const Container<T> & rightCont){ what exactly have I done wrong there?. Also not sure what this warning message means. cont.h:13: warning: friend declaration `bool operator==(const Container<T>&, const Container<T>&)' declares a non-template function cont.h:13: warning: (if this is not what you intended, make sure the function template has already been declared and add <> after the function name here) -Wno-non-template-friend disables this warning at this position template <typename T> class Container{ friend bool operator==(const Container<T> &rhs,const Container<T> &lhs); public:

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  • Not all symbols of an DLL-exported class is exported (VS9)

    - by mandrake
    I'm building a DLL from a group of static libraries and I'm having a problem where only parts of classes are exported. What I'm doing is declaring all symbols I want to export with a preprocessor definition like: #if defined(MYPROJ_BUILD_DLL) //Build as a DLL # define MY_API __declspec(dllexport) #elif defined(MYPROJ_USE_DLL) //Use as a DLL # define MY_API __declspec(dllimport) #else //Build or use as a static lib # define MY_API #endif For example: class MY_API Foo{ ... } I then build static library with MYPROJ_BUILD_DLL & MYPROJ_USE_DLL undefined causing a static library to be built. In another build I create a DLL from these static libraries. So I define MYPROJ_BUILD_DLL causing all symbols I want to export to be attributed with __declspec(dllexport) (this is done by including all static library headers in the DLL-project source file). Ok, so now to the problem. When I use this new DLL I get unresolved externals because not all symbols of a class is exported. For example in a class like this: class MY_API Foo{ public: Foo(char const* ); int bar(); private: Foo( char const*, char const* ); }; Only Foo::Foo( char const*, char const*); and int Foo::bar(); is exported. How can that be? I can understand if the entire class was missing, due to e.g. I forgot to include the header in the DLL-build. But it's only partial missing. Also, say if Foo::Foo( char const*) was not implemented; then the DLL build would have unresolved external errors. But the build is fine (I also double checked for declarations without implementation). Note: The combined size of the static libraries I'm combining is in the region of 30MB, and the resulting DLL is 1.2MB. I'm using Visual Studio 9.0 (2008) to build everything. And Depends to check for exported symbols.

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