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• Debian virtual memory reaching limit

  - by Gregor

  As a relative newbie to systems, I inherited a Debian server and I've noticed that virtual memory is very high (around 95%!). The server has been running slow for around 6 months, and I was wondering if any of you had any tips on things I could try, particularly on freeing up memory. The server hosts various websites and also a Postit email server. Here are the details: Operating system Debian Linux 5.0 Webmin version 1.580 Time on system Thu Apr 12 11:12:21 2012 Kernel and CPU Linux 2.6.18-6-amd64 on x86_64 Processor information Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Duo CPU E7400 @ 2.80GHz, 2 cores System uptime 229 days, 12 hours, 50 minutes Running processes 138 CPU load averages 0.10 (1 min) 0.28 (5 mins) 0.36 (15 mins) CPU usage 14% user, 1% kernel, 0% IO, 85% idle Real memory 2.94 GB total, 1.69 GB used Virtual memory 3.93 GB total, 3.84 GB used Local disk space 142.84 GB total, 116.13 GB used Free m output: free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3010 2517 492 0 107 996 -/+ buffers/cache: 1413 1596 Swap: 4024 3930 93 Top output: top - 11:59:57 up 229 days, 13:38, 1 user, load average: 0.26, 0.24, 0.26 Tasks: 136 total, 2 running, 134 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 3.8%us, 0.5%sy, 0.0%ni, 95.0%id, 0.7%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 3082544k total, 2773160k used, 309384k free, 111496k buffers Swap: 4120632k total, 4024712k used, 95920k free, 1036136k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 28796 www-data 16 0 304m 68m 6188 S 8 2.3 0:03.13 apache2 1 root 15 0 10304 592 564 S 0 0.0 0:00.76 init 2 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:04.06 migration/0 3 root 34 19 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:05.67 ksoftirqd/0 4 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/0 5 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.06 migration/1 6 root 34 19 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:01.26 ksoftirqd/1 7 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 watchdog/1 8 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.12 events/0 9 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 events/1 10 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 khelper 11 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.02 kthread 16 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:15.51 kblockd/0 17 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:01.32 kblockd/1 18 root 15 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kacpid 127 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 khubd 129 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kseriod 180 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 70:09.05 kswapd0 181 root 17 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 aio/0 182 root 17 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 aio/1 780 root 16 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 ata/0 782 root 16 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 ata/1 783 root 16 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 ata_aux 802 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_0 803 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_1 804 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_2 805 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 scsi_eh_3 1013 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 49:27.78 kjournald 1181 root 15 -4 16912 452 448 S 0 0.0 0:00.05 udevd 1544 root 14 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kpsmoused 1706 root 13 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 kmirrord 1995 root 18 0 193m 3324 1688 S 0 0.1 8:52.77 rsyslogd 2031 root 15 0 48856 732 608 S 0 0.0 0:01.86 sshd 2071 root 25 0 17316 1072 1068 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 mysqld_safe 2108 mysql 15 0 320m 72m 4368 S 0 2.4 1923:25 mysqld 2109 root 18 0 3776 500 496 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 logger 2180 postgres 15 0 99504 3016 2880 S 0 0.1 1:24.15 postgres 2184 postgres 15 0 99504 3596 3420 S 0 0.1 0:02.08 postgres 2185 postgres 15 0 99504 696 628 S 0 0.0 0:00.65 postgres 2186 postgres 15 0 99640 892 648 S 0 0.0 0:01.18 postgres

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• Failed to allocate memory - What is it trying to say?

  - by asprin

  In my early days of programming I often used to get memory related fatal errors in the following format: Fatal error: Allowed memory size of <some big number> bytes exhausted (tried to allocate <some small number> bytes) in /path/to/filename.php on line <some line number> I'm a little embarrassed to state that even though I have figured out how to solve them and take steps to avoid them altogether, I'm still not quite sure what exactly does the message translate to in simple words. For example, if I get a message such as: Fatal error: Allowed memory size of 67108864 bytes exhausted (tried to allocate 4000 bytes) in ........ on line 34 As things stand at the moment, I assume it to be stating that the script consumes 67108864 bytes of data, but only 4000 bytes are available during runtime. Am I right in my assumption? If not, what's the correct interpretation?

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• Linux server is only using 60% of memory, then swapping

  - by Kamil Kisiel

  I've got a Linux server that's running our bacula backup system. The machine is grinding like mad because it's going heavy in to swap. The problem is, it's only using 60% of its physical memory! Here's the output from free -m: free -m total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 3949 2356 1593 0 0 1 -/+ buffers/cache: 2354 1595 Swap: 7629 1804 5824 and some sample output from vmstat 1: procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- -----cpu------ r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st 0 2 1843536 1634512 0 4188 54 13 2524 666 2 1 1 1 89 9 0 1 11 1845916 1640724 0 388 2700 4816 221880 4879 14409 170721 4 3 63 30 0 0 9 1846096 1643952 0 0 4956 756 174832 804 12357 159306 3 4 63 30 0 0 11 1846104 1643532 0 0 4916 540 174320 580 10609 139960 3 4 64 29 0 0 4 1846084 1640272 0 2336 4080 524 140408 548 9331 118287 3 4 63 30 0 0 8 1846104 1642096 0 1488 2940 432 102516 457 7023 82230 2 4 65 29 0 0 5 1846104 1642268 0 1276 3704 452 126520 452 9494 119612 3 5 65 27 0 3 12 1846104 1641528 0 328 6092 608 187776 636 8269 113059 4 3 64 29 0 2 2 1846084 1640960 0 724 5948 0 111480 0 7751 116370 4 4 63 29 0 0 4 1846100 1641484 0 404 4144 1476 125760 1500 10668 105358 2 3 71 25 0 0 13 1846104 1641932 0 0 5872 828 153808 840 10518 128447 3 4 70 22 0 0 8 1846096 1639172 0 3164 3556 556 74884 580 5082 65362 2 2 73 23 0 1 4 1846080 1638676 0 396 4512 28 50928 44 2672 38277 2 2 80 16 0 0 3 1846080 1628808 0 7132 2636 0 28004 8 1358 14090 0 1 78 20 0 0 2 1844728 1618552 0 11140 7680 0 12740 8 763 2245 0 0 82 18 0 0 2 1837764 1532056 0 101504 2952 0 95644 24 802 3817 0 1 87 12 0 0 11 1842092 1633324 0 4416 1748 10900 143144 11024 6279 134442 3 3 70 24 0 2 6 1846104 1642756 0 0 4768 468 78752 468 4672 60141 2 2 76 20 0 1 12 1846104 1640792 0 236 4752 440 140712 464 7614 99593 3 5 58 34 0 0 3 1846084 1630368 0 6316 5104 0 20336 0 1703 22424 1 1 72 26 0 2 17 1846104 1638332 0 3168 4080 1720 211960 1744 11977 155886 3 4 65 28 0 1 10 1846104 1640800 0 132 4488 556 126016 584 8016 106368 3 4 63 29 0 0 14 1846104 1639740 0 2248 3436 428 114188 452 7030 92418 3 3 59 35 0 1 6 1846096 1639504 0 1932 5500 436 141412 460 8261 112210 4 4 63 29 0 0 10 1846104 1640164 0 3052 4028 448 147684 472 7366 109554 4 4 61 30 0 0 10 1846100 1641040 0 2332 4952 632 147452 664 8767 118384 3 4 63 30 0 4 8 1846084 1641092 0 664 4948 276 152264 292 6448 98813 5 5 62 28 0 Furthermore, the output of top sorted by CPU time seems to support the theory that swap is what's bogging down the system: top - 09:05:32 up 37 days, 23:24, 1 user, load average: 9.75, 8.24, 7.12 Tasks: 173 total, 1 running, 172 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 1.6%us, 1.4%sy, 0.0%ni, 76.1%id, 20.6%wa, 0.1%hi, 0.2%si, 0.0%st Mem: 4044632k total, 2405628k used, 1639004k free, 0k buffers Swap: 7812492k total, 1851852k used, 5960640k free, 436k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ TIME COMMAND 4174 root 17 0 63156 176 56 S 8 0.0 2138:52 35,38 bacula-fd 4185 root 17 0 63352 284 104 S 6 0.0 1709:25 28,29 bacula-sd 240 root 15 0 0 0 0 D 3 0.0 831:55.19 831:55 kswapd0 2852 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 1 0.0 126:35.59 126:35 xfsbufd 2849 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 119:50.94 119:50 xfsbufd 1364 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 117:05.39 117:05 xfsbufd 21 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 1 0.0 48:03.44 48:03 events/3 6940 postgres 16 0 43596 8 8 S 0 0.0 46:50.35 46:50 postmaster 1342 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 23:14.34 23:14 xfsdatad/4 5415 root 17 0 1770m 108 48 S 0 0.0 15:03.74 15:03 bacula-dir 23 root 10 -5 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 13:09.71 13:09 events/5 5604 root 17 0 1216m 500 200 S 0 0.0 12:38.20 12:38 java 5552 root 16 0 1194m 580 248 S 0 0.0 11:58.00 11:58 java Here's the same sorted by virtual memory image size: top - 09:08:32 up 37 days, 23:27, 1 user, load average: 8.43, 8.26, 7.32 Tasks: 173 total, 1 running, 172 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 3.6%us, 3.4%sy, 0.0%ni, 62.2%id, 30.2%wa, 0.2%hi, 0.3%si, 0.0%st Mem: 4044632k total, 2404212k used, 1640420k free, 0k buffers Swap: 7812492k total, 1852548k used, 5959944k free, 100k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ TIME COMMAND 5415 root 17 0 1770m 56 44 S 0 0.0 15:03.78 15:03 bacula-dir 5604 root 17 0 1216m 492 200 S 0 0.0 12:38.30 12:38 java 5552 root 16 0 1194m 476 200 S 0 0.0 11:58.20 11:58 java 4598 root 16 0 117m 44 44 S 0 0.0 0:13.37 0:13 eventmond 9614 gdm 16 0 93188 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.30 0:00 gdmgreeter 5527 root 17 0 78716 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.30 0:00 gdm 4185 root 17 0 63352 284 104 S 20 0.0 1709:52 28,29 bacula-sd 4174 root 17 0 63156 208 88 S 24 0.0 2139:25 35,39 bacula-fd 10849 postgres 18 0 54740 216 108 D 0 0.0 0:31.40 0:31 postmaster 6661 postgres 17 0 49432 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:03.50 0:03 postmaster 5507 root 15 0 47980 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.00 0:00 gdm 6940 postgres 16 0 43596 16 16 S 0 0.0 46:51.39 46:51 postmaster 5304 postgres 16 0 40580 132 88 S 0 0.0 6:21.79 6:21 postmaster 5301 postgres 17 0 40448 24 24 S 0 0.0 0:32.17 0:32 postmaster 11280 root 16 0 40288 28 28 S 0 0.0 0:00.11 0:00 sshd 5534 root 17 0 37580 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:56.18 0:56 X 30870 root 30 15 31668 28 28 S 0 0.0 1:13.38 1:13 snmpd 5305 postgres 17 0 30628 16 16 S 0 0.0 0:11.60 0:11 postmaster 27403 postfix 17 0 30248 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:02.76 0:02 qmgr 10815 postfix 15 0 30208 16 16 S 0 0.0 0:00.02 0:00 pickup 5306 postgres 16 0 29760 20 20 S 0 0.0 0:52.89 0:52 postmaster 5302 postgres 17 0 29628 64 32 S 0 0.0 1:00.64 1:00 postmaster I've tried tuning the swappiness kernel parameter to both high and low values, but nothing appears to change the behavior here. I'm at a loss to figure out what's going on. How can I find out what's causing this? Update: The system is a fully 64-bit system, so there should be no question of memory limitations due to 32-bit issues. Update2: As I mentioned in the original question, I've already tried tuning swappiness to all sorts of values, including 0. The result is always the same, with approximately 1.6 GB of memory remaining unused. Update3: Added top output to the above info.

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• LINQ to SQL Profiler

  In this article we will be taking a look at the new LINQ to SQL Profiler from HibernatingRhinos. This tool gives you a view into the goings on of LINQ to SQL. Not only does it allow you to see the SQL that is generated by your LINQ queries but it also shows you information about your connections, queries, as well as alerting you to all sorts of information that you might otherwise not know about.

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• Stairway to Server-side Tracing - Level 10: Profiler versus Server-Side tracing

  Compares and contrasts tracing using Profiler with server-side tracing, illustrating important performance differences so that one can choose the right tool for the task at hand. Make working with SQL a breezeSQL Prompt 5.3 is the effortless way to write, edit, and explore SQL. It's packed with features such as code completion, script summaries, and SQL reformatting, that make working with SQL a breeze. Try it now.

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• ANTS Profiler Saves Me From A Sordid Fate

  A bit of string concatenation never hurt anybody, right? Think again. Carl Niedner has been designing software since 1983, and was shocked to find his latest and greatest creation suddenly plagued with long loading times. After trying ANTS Profiler, he discovered one tiny line of forgotten concept code was causing his pain.

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• Redgate ANTS Performance Profiler

  - by Jon Canning

  Seemingly forever I've been working on a business idea, it's a REST API delivering content to mobiles, and I've never really had much idea about its performance. Yes, I have a suite of unit tests and integration tests, but these only tell me that it works, not how well it works. I was also about to embark on a major refactor, swapping the database from MongoDB to RavenDB, and was curious to see if that impacted performance at all, so I needed a profiler that supported IIS Express that I can run my integration tests against, and Google gave me:   http://www.red-gate.com/supportcenter/content/ANTS_Performance_Profiler/help/7.4/app_iise   Excellent. Following the above guide an instance of IIS Express and is launched, as is Internet Explorer. The latter eventually becomes annoying, I would like to decide whether I want a browser opened, but thankfully the guide is wrong in that it can be closed and profiling will continue. So I ran my tests, stopped profiling, and was presented with a call tree listing the endpoints called and allowing me to drill down to the source code beneath.     Although useful and fascinating this wasn't what I was expecting to see, I was after the method timings from the entire test suite. Switching Show to Methods Grid presented me with a list of my methods, with the slowest lit up in red at the top. Marvellous.     I did find that if you switch to Methods Grid before Call tree has loaded, you do not get the red warnings.   StructureMap was very busy, and next on the list was a request filter that I didn't expect to be so overworked. Highlighting it, the source code was presented to me in the bottom window with timings and a nice red indicator to show me where to look. Oh horror, that reflection hack I put in months ago, I'd forgotten all about it. It was calling Validate<T>() which in turn was resolving a validator from StructureMap. Note to self, use //TODO: when leaving smelly code lying around.     Before refactoring, remember to Save Profile Results from the File menu. Annoyingly you are not prompted to save your results when exiting, and using Save Project will only leave you thankful that you have version control and can go back in time to run your tests again.   Having implemented StructureMap’s ForGenericType, I ran my tests again and:     Win, thankyou ANTS (What does ANTS stand for BTW?)   There's definitely room in my toolbox for a profiler; what started out as idle curiosity actually solved a potential problem. When presented with a new codebase I can see enormous benefit from getting an overview of the pipeline from the call tree before drilling into the code, and as a sanity check before release it gives a little more reassurance that you've done your best, and shows you exactly where to look if you haven’t.   Next I’m going to profile a load test.

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• Working with SQL Server Profiler Trace Files

  In a previous tip we looked at the steps to Create a Trace Template in Profiler. In this tip we will look at a few more tips such as creating a trace template from an existing trace file and saving a trace file to a SQL Server table. Free trial of SQL Backup™“SQL Backup was able to cut down my backup time significantly AND achieved a 90% compression at the same time!” Joe Cheng. Download a free trial now.

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• Fun with SQL Server Profiler trace files and PowerShell

  Running Profiler traces against multiple servers becomes a painful process when it’s time to collate and filter all that data. It would be time-consuming, frustrating and messy if Laerte hadn’t written this handy PowerShell script (complete with examples) to help you out. Free trial of SQL Backup™“SQL Backup was able to cut down my backup time significantly AND achieved a 90% compression at the same time!” Joe Cheng. Download a free trial now.

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• Determining Object Access Using SQL Server Profiler

  Deanna Dicken examines an SQL Server Profiler event to determine object access...who is using the object, when, and how. This gives the SQL developer or database administrator much needed information for impact analysis prior to a change or the decommissioning of a SQL Server object.

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• cache memory performance

  - by Krewie

  Hello, i just have a general question about cache memory. How would a program perform badly on a cache based system ? , since cache memory stores adresses from main memory that is requested, aswell as adresses that ranges around the same adress as the one copied from the main memory.

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• Checking Available Memory allocation in C#

  - by Jepe d Hepe

  i need to create a function in my application to set its available memory usage. What i want to do is when the application is running, and it reaches to the set memory settings, i'll have to switch from saving to the memory to saving to a file to the local drive to avoid application hang. Is this a better way to do? What things to consider when doing this in terms of memory allocation? Hope you understand :) Thanks, Jepe

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• Memory ReAllocation

  - by davispuh

  What is the right and best way to reallocate memory? for example I allocate 100 bytes with WinAPI function HeapAlloc then I fill 100 bytes of that memory with some data and now I want to add more new data at end of previous... What Should I do? Make a new allocation with more bytes and then copy old+new to new location and free old memory? Or there is some way to allocate new memory at end of old data and then copy only new data?

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• Dynamic memory managment under Linux

  - by petersohn

  I know that under Windows, there are API functions like global_alloc() and such, which allocate memory, and return a handle, then this handle can be locked and a pointer returned, then unlocked again. When unlocked, the system can move this piece of memory around when it runs low on space, optimising memory usage. My question is that is there something similar under Linux, and if not, how does Linux optimize its memory usage?

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• Setting of IIS memory settings for ASP.NET

  - by user54064

  We are running an ASP.NET app on a web server with 4GB+ of memory in IIS 6. After reading many articles, it states that we need to set the "maximum memory used" for the Application Pool to 800mb to eliminate the "out of memory exceptions" that are happening for us. However, what should the "maximum virtual memory" in the Application Pool be set to? I can't find information as to what that should be set to.

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• Eclipse Memory usuage in Windows Vs Linux..

  - by Nareshreddy Kola

  Can someone please give me the details about the Eclipse memory usage in Windows XP and Linux? I heard Eclipse consumes less memory in Linux compared to Windows? Is it true? What ever the OS is, IDE will look for some amount memory so how will it vary with OS? Related Question: Eclipse memory use

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• php-cgi memory usage higher than php's memory limit

  - by Josh Nankin

  I'm running apache with a worker MPM and php with fastcgi. the following are my mpm limits: StartServers 5 MinSpareThreads 5 MaxSpareThreads 10 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 10 MaxClients 10 MaxRequestsPerChild 2000 I've also setup my php-cgi with the following: PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN=5 PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS=500 I'm noticing that my average php-cgi process is using around 200+mb of RAM, even as soon as they are started. However, my php memory_limit is only 128M. How is this possible, and what can I do to lower the php-cgi memory consumption?

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• Dell R610 memory configuration for all 12 slots

  - by Neal

  I purchased 12 sticks of RAM on eBay to go into a Dell R610 server. The RAM is ECC REG PC3-12800 DDR3-1600 yet when I occupy all 12 slots with this ram I get the following error on boot: MEMORY Initialization Warning: Memory Size May be Reduced MEMBIST failure – The following DIMM has been disabled by Bios: DIMM B2 MEMBIST failure – The following DIMM has been disabled by Bios: DIMM B5 I am using all of the latest versions, BIOS, etc. I am using 2 x x5660 processors. What is causing this issue and is it correctable? If this RAM is incorrect what is correct to maximize the RAM on this server? Thank you.

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• Server crashes when too much memory is allocated

  - by lindenb

  Hi all, my server crashes whenever one of my users is running a 'R' script (this script requires a large amount of memory). Below is the last top I saw: top - 11:32:39 up 20 min, 4 users, load average: 1.08, 0.85, 0.46 Tasks: 336 total, 2 running, 334 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 6.1%us, 0.2%sy, 0.0%ni, 93.7%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 65939968k total, 5131440k used, 60808528k free, 88256k buffers Swap: 68124664k total, 0k used, 68124664k free, 1077612k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 10392 cdina 25 0 3702m 3.5g 2428 R 100.0 5.6 7:51.82 R 10430 root 15 0 12872 1272 804 R 0.7 0.0 0:02.42 top 1 root 15 0 10348 704 592 S 0.0 0.0 0:02.95 init 2 root RT -5 0 0 0 S 0.0 0.0 0:00.00 migration/0 is there a way to prevent my server from crashing ("don't run that script" is not an option :-) ) ? something like fixing a 'quota' for the memory allowed ?

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• Checking detailed memory information on Linux

  - by user35153

  I know that I can check CPU info via cat /proc/cpuinfo and memory info via cat /proc/meminfo. But cat /proc/meminfo yields results like the following: MemTotal: 66098352 kB MemFree: 329152 kB Buffers: 632432 kB Cached: 62619692 kB SwapCached: 0 kB Active: 6425444 kB Inactive: 58717276 kB SwapTotal: 1951888 kB SwapFree: 1951796 kB Dirty: 38416 kB Writeback: 0 kB AnonPages: 1890268 kB Mapped: 12624 kB Slab: 464580 kB SReclaimable: 275812 kB SUnreclaim: 188768 kB PageTables: 7524 kB NFS_Unstable: 0 kB Bounce: 0 kB CommitLimit: 35001064 kB Committed_AS: 3860248 kB VmallocTotal: 34359738367 kB VmallocUsed: 125636 kB VmallocChunk: 34359612527 kB HugePages_Total: 0 HugePages_Free: 0 HugePages_Rsvd: 0 HugePages_Surp: 0 Hugepagesize: 2048 kB I want to learn more about the clock speed of the memory (in Mhz?). How do I get that information?

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• Why does limiting my virtual memory to 512MB with ulimit -v crash the JVM?

  - by Narinder Kumar

  I am trying to enforce maximum memory a program can consume on a Unix system. I thought ulimit -v should do the trick. Here is a sample Java program I have written for testing : import java.util.*; import java.io.*; public class EatMem { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException, InterruptedException { System.out.println("Starting up..."); System.out.println("Allocating 128 MB of Memory"); List<byte[]> list = new LinkedList<byte[]>(); list.add(new byte[134217728]); //128 MB System.out.println("Done...."); } } By default, my ulimit settings are (output of ulimit -a) : core file size (blocks, -c) 0 data seg size (kbytes, -d) unlimited scheduling priority (-e) 0 file size (blocks, -f) unlimited pending signals (-i) 31398 max locked memory (kbytes, -l) 64 max memory size (kbytes, -m) unlimited open files (-n) 1024 pipe size (512 bytes, -p) 8 POSIX message queues (bytes, -q) 819200 real-time priority (-r) 0 stack size (kbytes, -s) 8192 cpu time (seconds, -t) unlimited max user processes (-u) 31398 virtual memory (kbytes, -v) unlimited file locks (-x) unlimited When I execute my java program (java EatMem), it executes without any problems. Now I try to limit max memory available to any program launched in the current shell to 512MB by launching the following command : ulimit -v 524288 ulimit -a output shows the limit to be set correctly (I suppose): core file size (blocks, -c) 0 data seg size (kbytes, -d) unlimited scheduling priority (-e) 0 file size (blocks, -f) unlimited pending signals (-i) 31398 max locked memory (kbytes, -l) 64 max memory size (kbytes, -m) unlimited open files (-n) 1024 pipe size (512 bytes, -p) 8 POSIX message queues (bytes, -q) 819200 real-time priority (-r) 0 stack size (kbytes, -s) 8192 cpu time (seconds, -t) unlimited max user processes (-u) 31398 virtual memory (kbytes, -v) 524288 file locks (-x) unlimited If I now try to execute my java program, it gives me the following error: Error occurred during initialization of VM Could not reserve enough space for object heap Could not create the Java virtual machine. Ideally it should not happen as my Java program is only taking around 128MB of memory which is well within my specified ulimit parameters. If I change the arguments to my Java program as below: java -Xmx256m EatMem The program again works fine. While trying to give more memory than limited by ulimit like : java -Xmx800m EatMem results in expected error. Why the program fails to execute in the first case after setting ulimit ? I have tried the above test on Ubuntu 11.10 and 12.0.4 with Java 1.6 and Java 7

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• php-cgi memory usage higher than php's memory limit

  - by Josh Nankin

  I'm running apache with a worker MPM and php with fastcgi. the following are my mpm limits: StartServers 5 MinSpareThreads 5 MaxSpareThreads 10 ThreadLimit 64 ThreadsPerChild 10 MaxClients 10 MaxRequestsPerChild 2000 I've also setup my php-cgi with the following: PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN=5 PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS=500 I'm noticing that my average php-cgi process is using around 200+mb of RAM, even as soon as they are started. However, my php memory_limit is only 128M. How is this possible, and what can I do to lower the php-cgi memory consumption?

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• CPU & Memory Usage Log & Performance

  - by wittythotha

  I want to have an idea of the amount of CPU and memory that is being used. I have a website hosted using IIS, and have clients connecting to it. I want to find out the amount of load that the CPU, RAM and the network has when multiple clients connect. I tried out using tools like Fiddler, the inbuilt Resource Manager, and also some other applications I found on the internet. I just want to keep track of all these data in a file, so I can plot out a graph and find out how the CPU, etc. is performing. I read a few other posts, but didn't find anything that solves the problem. Is there good CPU / Memory Logging tool available, just to plot a graph of the usage, etc.? EDIT : I want to know of some tool that can save the performance details in a log file, so that I can use it to plot a graph, etc.

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• (12)Cannot allocate memory: couldn't spawn child process: /usr/lib/cgi-bin/mailman/admin

  - by virtuallight

  Hi, I'm trying to install mailman + postfix + apache2 on a VPS running Ubuntu 8.10. I think I got it all according to the official Ubuntu docs. I'm getting this error though when trying to access mailman's admin page. [Wed Jun 09 21:36:02 2010] [error] [client 77.65.61.4] (12)Cannot allocate memory: couldn't create child process: 12: admin [Wed Jun 09 21:36:02 2010] [error] [client 77.65.61.4] (12)Cannot allocate memory: couldn't spawn child process: /usr/lib/cgi-bin/mailman/admin I have no idea where the problem might be. Someone please help me :)

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• Server Memory with Magento

  - by Mohamed Elgharabawy

  I have a cloud server with the following specifications: 2vCPUs 4G RAM 160GB Disk Space Network 400Mb/s System Image: Ubuntu 12.04 LTS I am only running Magento CE 1.7.0.2 on this server. Nothing else. Usually, the server has a loading time of 4-5 seconds. Recently, this has dropped to over 30 seconds and sometimes the server just goes away and I get HTTP error reports to my email stating that HTTP requests took more than 20000ms. Running top command and sorting them returns the following: top - 15:29:07 up 3:40, 1 user, load average: 28.59, 25.95, 22.91 Tasks: 112 total, 30 running, 82 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 90.2%us, 9.3%sy, 0.0%ni, 0.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.3%si, 0.2%st PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 31901 www-data 20 0 360m 71m 5840 R 7 1.8 1:39.51 apache2 32084 www-data 20 0 362m 72m 5548 R 7 1.8 1:31.56 apache2 32089 www-data 20 0 348m 59m 5660 R 7 1.5 1:41.74 apache2 32295 www-data 20 0 343m 54m 5532 R 7 1.4 2:00.78 apache2 32303 www-data 20 0 354m 65m 5260 R 7 1.6 1:38.76 apache2 32304 www-data 20 0 346m 56m 5544 R 7 1.4 1:41.26 apache2 32305 www-data 20 0 348m 59m 5640 R 7 1.5 1:50.11 apache2 32291 www-data 20 0 358m 69m 5256 R 6 1.7 1:44.26 apache2 32517 www-data 20 0 345m 56m 5532 R 6 1.4 1:45.56 apache2 30473 www-data 20 0 355m 66m 5680 R 6 1.7 2:00.05 apache2 32093 www-data 20 0 352m 63m 5848 R 6 1.6 1:53.23 apache2 32302 www-data 20 0 345m 56m 5512 R 6 1.4 1:55.87 apache2 32433 www-data 20 0 346m 57m 5500 S 6 1.4 1:31.58 apache2 32638 www-data 20 0 354m 65m 5508 R 6 1.6 1:36.59 apache2 32230 www-data 20 0 347m 57m 5524 R 6 1.4 1:33.96 apache2 32231 www-data 20 0 355m 66m 5512 R 6 1.7 1:37.47 apache2 32233 www-data 20 0 354m 64m 6032 R 6 1.6 1:59.74 apache2 32300 www-data 20 0 355m 66m 5672 R 6 1.7 1:43.76 apache2 32510 www-data 20 0 347m 58m 5512 R 6 1.5 1:42.54 apache2 32521 www-data 20 0 348m 59m 5508 R 6 1.5 1:47.99 apache2 32639 www-data 20 0 344m 55m 5512 R 6 1.4 1:34.25 apache2 32083 www-data 20 0 345m 56m 5696 R 5 1.4 1:59.42 apache2 32085 www-data 20 0 347m 58m 5692 R 5 1.5 1:42.29 apache2 32293 www-data 20 0 353m 64m 5676 R 5 1.6 1:52.73 apache2 32301 www-data 20 0 348m 59m 5564 R 5 1.5 1:49.63 apache2 32528 www-data 20 0 351m 62m 5520 R 5 1.6 1:36.11 apache2 31523 mysql 20 0 3460m 576m 8288 S 5 14.4 2:06.91 mysqld 32002 www-data 20 0 345m 55m 5512 R 5 1.4 2:01.88 apache2 32080 www-data 20 0 357m 68m 5512 S 5 1.7 1:31.30 apache2 32163 www-data 20 0 347m 58m 5512 S 5 1.5 1:58.68 apache2 32509 www-data 20 0 345m 56m 5504 R 5 1.4 1:49.54 apache2 32306 www-data 20 0 358m 68m 5504 S 4 1.7 1:53.29 apache2 32165 www-data 20 0 344m 55m 5524 S 4 1.4 1:40.71 apache2 32640 www-data 20 0 345m 56m 5528 R 4 1.4 1:36.49 apache2 31888 www-data 20 0 359m 70m 5664 R 4 1.8 1:57.07 apache2 32511 www-data 20 0 357m 67m 5512 S 3 1.7 1:47.00 apache2 32054 www-data 20 0 357m 68m 5660 S 2 1.7 1:53.10 apache2 1 root 20 0 24452 2276 1232 S 0 0.1 0:01.58 init Moreover, running free -m returns the following: total used free shared buffers cached Mem: 4003 3919 83 0 118 901 -/+ buffers/cache: 2899 1103 Swap: 0 0 0 To investigate this further, I have installed apache buddy, it recommeneded that I need to reduce the maxclient connections. Which I did. I also installed MysqlTuner and it suggests that I need to set my innodb_buffer_pool_size to = 3.0G. However, I cannot do that, since the whole memory is 4G. Here is the output from apache buddy: ### GENERAL REPORT ### Settings considered for this report: Your server's physical RAM: 4003MB Apache's MaxClients directive: 40 Apache MPM Model: prefork Largest Apache process (by memory): 73.77MB [ OK ] Your MaxClients setting is within an acceptable range. Max potential memory usage: 2950.8 MB Percentage of RAM allocated to Apache 73.72 % And this is the output of MySQLTuner: -------- Performance Metrics ------------------------------------------------- [--] Up for: 47m 22s (675K q [237.552 qps], 12K conn, TX: 1B, RX: 300M) [--] Reads / Writes: 45% / 55% [--] Total buffers: 2.1G global + 2.7M per thread (151 max threads) [OK] Maximum possible memory usage: 2.5G (64% of installed RAM) [OK] Slow queries: 0% (0/675K) [OK] Highest usage of available connections: 26% (40/151) [OK] Key buffer size / total MyISAM indexes: 36.0M/18.7M [OK] Key buffer hit rate: 100.0% (245K cached / 105 reads) [OK] Query cache efficiency: 92.5% (500K cached / 541K selects) [!!] Query cache prunes per day: 302886 [OK] Sorts requiring temporary tables: 0% (1 temp sorts / 15K sorts) [!!] Joins performed without indexes: 12135 [OK] Temporary tables created on disk: 25% (8K on disk / 32K total) [OK] Thread cache hit rate: 90% (1K created / 12K connections) [!!] Table cache hit rate: 17% (400 open / 2K opened) [OK] Open file limit used: 12% (123/1K) [OK] Table locks acquired immediately: 100% (196K immediate / 196K locks) [!!] InnoDB buffer pool / data size: 2.0G/3.5G [OK] InnoDB log waits: 0 -------- Recommendations ----------------------------------------------------- General recommendations: Run OPTIMIZE TABLE to defragment tables for better performance MySQL started within last 24 hours - recommendations may be inaccurate Enable the slow query log to troubleshoot bad queries Adjust your join queries to always utilize indexes Increase table_cache gradually to avoid file descriptor limits Read this before increasing table_cache over 64: http://bit.ly/1mi7c4C Variables to adjust: query_cache_size ( 64M) join_buffer_size ( 128.0K, or always use indexes with joins) table_cache ( 400) innodb_buffer_pool_size (= 3G) Last but not least, the server still has more than 60% of free disk space. Now, based on the above, I have few questions: Are these numbers normal? Do they make sense? Do I need to upgrade the server? If I don't need to upgrade and my configuration is not correct, how do I optimize it?

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